EP3201037A1 - Circuit de charge pour un accumulateur d'énergie électrique, système d'entraînement électrique et procédé pour faire fonctionner un circuit de charge - Google Patents

Circuit de charge pour un accumulateur d'énergie électrique, système d'entraînement électrique et procédé pour faire fonctionner un circuit de charge

Info

Publication number
EP3201037A1
EP3201037A1 EP15749772.8A EP15749772A EP3201037A1 EP 3201037 A1 EP3201037 A1 EP 3201037A1 EP 15749772 A EP15749772 A EP 15749772A EP 3201037 A1 EP3201037 A1 EP 3201037A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charging
charging circuit
voltage
electrical energy
terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15749772.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans Geyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3201037A1 publication Critical patent/EP3201037A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/10—Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a charging circuit for an electrical energy storage, a drive system with a charging circuit, as well as a
  • Fully or at least partially electrically powered vehicles such as hybrid and electric vehicles, are increasingly gaining
  • European Patent Application EP 0 768 774 A2 discloses an apparatus for charging batteries of electric vehicles.
  • the electric vehicle includes a control electronics with Rekuperations tenukeit.
  • a direct current is provided by a DC power source, which charges the battery via this control electronics.
  • AC power provided electrical energy.
  • Charging circuit for an electrical energy storage for charging the electrical energy storage from an AC voltage network.
  • the present invention provides a charging circuit for an electrical energy store with a DC voltage connection, which comprises a first connection element and a second connection element and which is connected to the electrical energy storage; and one
  • the charging circuit further comprises a first switching element which is connected between the first connection element and a first
  • the charging circuit comprises a charging switch which is designed to operate in a charging mode
  • the present invention provides a method for operating a charging circuit according to the invention with the steps of electrically coupling an electrical machine to the charging circuit in FIG a drive mode; and electrically disconnecting the electrical machine from the charging circuit in a charging mode.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that in order to control the high currents both when charging an electrical energy store, as well as when removing electrical energy from the electrical energy storage for high currents each very expensive and sometimes large-volume components are required.
  • the present invention is based on the idea, a
  • the present invention provides a symmetrical, bidirectional buck / boost converter topology that can be easily switched from one
  • the charging circuit according to the invention also combines a bidirectional inverter / rectifier with a step-up / step-down converter (DC-DC converter).
  • DC-DC converter step-up / step-down converter
  • the charging circuit according to the invention also allows a very flexible control, so that even without additional hardware complexity, other functions, such as a Power Factor Correction (PFC) function or the like can be implemented.
  • the charging switch is further configured to connect the AC voltage terminal to a voltage source in the charging mode.
  • the voltage source is one
  • V2G Vehicle-to-Grid
  • the first inductance can be coupled to a further inductance.
  • a further inductance By this coupling of the first inductor with a further inductance, an inductive energy transfer from the further inductance to the first inductance - or in the opposite direction - done.
  • an inductive charging concept can be realized in which the first inductance of the charging circuit is used as a secondary coil and the further inductance is used as a primary coil of a charging station.
  • an inductive energy transfer can be realized without the need for a separate secondary coil (receiving coil) is required.
  • the charging circuit further comprises a control circuit, which is designed to drive the first, second, third and fourth switching element with a predetermined switching frequency.
  • Control circuit can either permanently open or close the individual switching elements, or else drive the individual switching elements with a suitable clock rate to an input voltage on
  • Voltage source for example, in a power grid
  • an electrical load for example, an electric drive
  • additional functionalities can be realized by appropriate control of the switching elements by means of the control device. In this way, by suitable control of the switching elements by means of the control circuit, the functionality of the charging circuit can be flexibly adjusted.
  • the predetermined switching frequency with which the control circuit drives the switching elements is greater than 20 kHz.
  • Such high frequency switching frequencies enable operation of the charging circuit at frequencies beyond the audible frequency spectrum. In this way disturbing noise emissions can be avoided.
  • by means of high switching frequencies, in particular switching frequencies of more than 20 kHz smaller components, in particular smaller inductances and possibly smaller capacitances in the charging circuit can also be used.
  • by increasing the switching frequency it is also possible to achieve scaling of the further components, in particular of the inductances and capacitances. In this way, the volume and the weight of the charging circuit can be reduced.
  • the costs for the construction of the charging circuit can be reduced by smaller components.
  • the first, second, third and fourth switching elements comprise silicon carbide (SiC) switching elements or super junction MOSFETs.
  • SiC silicon carbide
  • Such switching elements are particularly suitable for high switching frequencies, in particular switching frequencies for more than 20 kHz, and have relatively low losses even at these high switching frequencies.
  • the present invention provides a
  • Charging device with a plurality of charging circuits according to the invention, an electrical energy storage, which is electrically coupled to the DC voltage terminals of the charging circuits; and a multi-phase
  • each phase of the AC voltage source is electrically coupled to an AC voltage terminal of the charging circuit.
  • all the DC voltage connections of the plurality of charging circuits are also electrically coupled to each other and thus connected in parallel. In this way, the charging concept of the charging circuit according to the invention for an energy supply from a multi-phase power supply network or other multi-phase power source can be adjusted.
  • the present invention provides a
  • Charging device with a plurality of charging circuits according to the invention; an electrical energy store electrically coupled to the DC terminals of the charging circuits; and a plurality of further inductors, each further inductor having a phase of
  • multiphase AC voltage is electrically coupled. Again, the input terminals of the individual charging circuits are electrically coupled together and thus connected in parallel. In this way, even for a multi-phase energy supply, for example, from a three-phase network, an inductive energy transfer can be realized in the no separate
  • the present invention provides an electric drive system with a charging circuit according to the invention, an electrical energy store, which is electrically coupled to the DC voltage terminal of the charging circuit; and an electric machine, the one
  • Phase terminal which is electrically coupled to the charging switch of the charging circuit.
  • the present invention provides a
  • Motor vehicle in particular an air, water or land vehicle, with an electric drive system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a charging circuit 1.
  • An electrical energy store 2 is arranged on a DC voltage connection 11 with the two connecting elements B1 and B2.
  • this electrical energy store 2 may be a battery,
  • a traction battery of an electric or hybrid vehicle in particular a traction battery of an electric or hybrid vehicle.
  • the charging circuit 1 comprises a
  • a first switching element Sl of the charging circuit 1 is arranged between the first connection element Bl and a first node Kl.
  • a second switching element S2 is between the first node Kl and the second
  • Connection element B2 of the DC voltage terminal 11 is arranged.
  • a third switching element S3 is arranged between a first connection element AI of the AC voltage terminal 12 and a second node K2.
  • a fourth switching element S4 is connected between the second node K2 and another connecting element A2 of the AC voltage terminal 12 is arranged. Between the first
  • a first inductance LI is arranged. Furthermore, the second connection element B2 of the
  • this electrical connection is between the second
  • the two connection elements AI and A2 of the AC voltage connection l2 are connected to a charging switch 20.
  • the charging switch 20 is also connected to an electric power source 3 and an electrical load, such as an electric motor 4.
  • the charging switch 20 comprises two switching elements, wherein each of the two switching elements of one of the two connection elements AI and A2 of the AC voltage terminal 12 can connect either to the voltage source 3 or the electric motor 4 electrically.
  • the two switching elements of the charging switch 20 are coupled together so that always either both terminals AI and A2 of the AC voltage terminal 12 are connected to the electrical voltage source 3 or the electric motor 4.
  • the four switching elements S1 to S4 of the charging circuit 1 are preferably semiconductor switching elements. It can each of the
  • the semiconductor switching elements of the switching elements S1 to S4 can be, for example, thyristors, bipolar transistors with an insulated gate (IGBT) or MOSFET.
  • IGBT insulated gate
  • MOSFET metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • SiC silicon carbide switches
  • super junction MOSFETs are possible for high switching frequencies, which have only very low switching losses at switching frequencies of more than 20 kHz.
  • the switching elements Sl to S4 are controlled by a control device 10.
  • the control device 10 is designed to receive control signals and / or setpoint values for charging the electrical energy store 2 or for operating the electric machine 4. Based on this Control signals and / or set values, the control device 10 outputs switching signals to the switching elements Sl to S4 in order to open or close the corresponding switching elements Sl to S4.
  • the control signals or desired values can be transmitted via analog or digital signals to the control device 10
  • control signals or setpoint values can also be transmitted via a bus system and transmitted by the corresponding control signals or setpoint values.
  • Control device 10 are received. Furthermore, the control device 10 can also receive measured values via the voltage at the DC voltage connection 11 and / or at the AC voltage connection 12.
  • the charging circuit 1 operates as a combined rectifier and buck-boost converter.
  • the AC voltage terminal 12 of the charging circuit 1 is first connected via the charging switch 20 to the voltage source 3 and at the same time an electrical connection between
  • the height of the provided AC voltage may vary and be greater or smaller than the required DC voltage for charging the electrical energy storage device 2, which is to be provided at the DC voltage terminal 12.
  • the charging circuit 1 operates in an operating mode as a combined rectifier and boost converter.
  • the third switching element S3 is permanently closed and the fourth
  • the Switching element S4 permanently open.
  • the first switching element Sl operates as an active rectifier, and allows the current through only in one direction.
  • the second switching element S2 is clocked at a predetermined switching frequency.
  • T further denotes the period of the clock signal with which the second switching element S2 is driven and te in the turn-on within the period, the following relationship arises:
  • the charging circuit 1 operates as a combined rectifier and buck converter.
  • the first switching element Sl is permanently closed and the second switching element S2 permanently open.
  • the voltage ratios according to the following formula:
  • the charging circuit 1 also allows a reverse operation, in which the voltage from the electrical energy storage 2 is converted into a voltage that can be fed into an electrical power grid, or can serve to control an electric machine 4. In this case, in a further operating mode, the charging circuit 1 as
  • the DC voltage of the electrical energy source 2 is thereby raised and simultaneously converted into a voltage which is suitable for driving the electric machine 4 or for feeding into an electrical energy supply network.
  • the first switching element Sl is controlled by the control device 10 such that it is permanently closed. Furthermore, the second
  • Switching element S2 permanently open.
  • the third switching element S3 is driven as an active rectifier, so that the current flows in one direction only.
  • the fourth switching element S4 is finally given a predetermined
  • Switching frequency (f l / T) controlled. It is in accordance with the principle of Pulse width modulation selected a duty cycle, with which the voltage at the AC voltage terminal 12 can be adjusted. The following relationship applies here:
  • the charging circuit 1 operates as a combined buck converter and inverter. The am
  • DC voltage terminal 11 applied DC voltage of the electrical energy storage device 2 is thereby reduced and simultaneously converted into a voltage which is suitable for driving the electric machine 4, or to be fed into a power supply network.
  • In buck converter mode is the maximum value, ie the amplitude of the voltage at
  • the third switching element S3 is permanently closed and the fourth switching element S4 permanently open.
  • the second switching element S2 is driven as an active rectifier, and allows the current through only in one direction.
  • the ratio of voltage U2 at the AC voltage terminal 12 to the input voltage U1 at the DC voltage terminal 11 is as follows:
  • the voltage U2 can be reduced to 0 volts when te in goes to zero.
  • Controlling device 10 can be controlled, can be selected in a very wide frequency range.
  • Controlling device 10 can be controlled, can be selected in a very wide frequency range.
  • Inverters for example, switching frequencies in the range of up to 10 kHz possible.
  • relatively low switching frequencies require a relatively large inductance LI between the first node K1 and the second Node K2.
  • the required inductance LI can be correspondingly reduced. This leads to a reduction of the required installation space and weight of the charging circuit 1.
  • SiC switches are advantageous. Such SiC switches have relatively low switching losses even at switching frequencies above 20 kHz.
  • voltage converters with a super-junction MOSFET, which also have only low switching losses at high switching frequencies.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment for a charging circuit 1.
  • the charging circuit 1 of this embodiment largely corresponds to the charging circuit of Figure 1.
  • the first inductance LI is used simultaneously as a transmitting / receiving coil for an inductive charging system. That way is one
  • This capacitor Cl is arranged in parallel with the first inductance LI between the first node K1 and the second node K2.
  • the further inductance L2 is driven by a suitable charging circuit 30.
  • the charging circuit 30 converts the voltage provided by the voltage source 3 into a suitable, preferably high-frequency, AC voltage and excites the further inductance L2 with this high-frequency AC voltage.
  • the further inductance L2 then generates an electromagnetic alternating field which couples into the first inductance LI and thereby induces a voltage in the first inductance LI. To a coupling of the electromagnetic alternating field in the first
  • the first inductance LI must be modified for the inductive energy transfer between the further inductance L2 and the first inductance LI. While for operation in the drive mode in which electrical energy is converted between the DC voltage terminal 11 and the AC voltage terminal 12, the first inductance LI preferably has to have a closed yoke. But should that be
  • Inductance LI it is necessary to open this yoke, so that the magnetic flux of the further inductance L2 can couple into the first inductance.
  • the coupling factor between further inductance L2 and first inductance LI is maximized.
  • any mechanical constructions are possible.
  • the yoke can be adjusted according to the operating mode to be set.
  • automatic folding away or shifting of a part of the yoke is possible as soon as the first inductance LI is arranged above the further inductance L2.
  • any purely mechanical or motor-driven solutions are possible.
  • AC voltage terminal 12 is electrically connected, so that a rectifier circuit is formed by the four switching elements Sl to S4.
  • An additional increase in efficiency can also be achieved by active control of the switching elements Sl to S4 parallel to the freewheeling diodes (active
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a multiphase
  • the charging device comprises for each phase a separate charging circuit 1.
  • the DC voltage terminals 11 of the individual charging circuits 1 are coupled together and connected in parallel. These coupled DC voltage terminals 11 of the charging circuits 1 are connected to an energy storage device 2.
  • each charging circuit 1 is coupled to one phase of a multi-phase system.
  • the charging switch 20 in this embodiment comprises a suitable number of switching elements, so that all phases can be coupled to either the polyphase power source 3 or the phase terminals of the polyphase electric drive 4. In principle, it is also possible that the electric drive 4 has more phases than the electrical energy source 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a charging device for a multi-phase inductive charging.
  • the charging device comprises a separate charging circuit 1 for each phase.
  • the charging circuit in this embodiment comprises a separate charging circuit according to FIG. 2 for each phase of the voltage source 3.
  • all the charging circuits 1 can be controlled by a central charging circuit
  • Control device 10 are controlled.
  • control device 10 can be charged in particular as a function of the electrical power with which the electrical energy store 2 is to be charged
  • a single charging circuit 1 is described for each phase in both single-phase and multi-phase operation.
  • all available charging circuits 1 can be activated in parallel. If, on the other hand, the electrical energy store 2 is to be charged only with a lower power, or should only a smaller power be taken from the electric energy store 2, then it is several
  • Parallel connected charging circuits 1 also possible to control only a portion of these charging circuits 1, or possibly even a single charging circuit 1. In this way, the controlled charging circuits 1 can always be operated in an efficient working range and thereby the losses in the active charging circuits are minimized.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a flow diagram for a method for operating a charging circuit according to the invention. If the charging circuit 1 is to be operated in a drive mode, the charging circuit 1 is coupled to an electric machine 4 in step S1. For a
  • step S2 the electrical connection between the electrical machine 4 and the charging circuit 1 is disconnected.
  • the present invention relates to a charging circuit for an electrical energy storage.
  • a charging circuit for charging and discharging the electrical energy storage common components are used.
  • a charging circuit is proposed, the boosting and Includes buck converter functionality and combines these with rectifier or inverter functionality. In this way, a circuit arrangement is made possible, which allows flexible configuration with a small number of components.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un circuit de charge pour un accumulateur d'énergie électrique et un procédé pour faire fonctionner un circuit de charge. Des composants communs sont utilisés pour la charge et la décharge de l'accumulateur d'énergie électrique. L'invention réalise à cet effet un circuit de charge qui comprend des fonctionnalités d'élévateur et d'abaisseur et qui combine celles-ci avec des fonctionnalités de redresseur ou d'onduleur. Cela permet d'obtenir un système de circuit qui rend possible une structure de circuit flexible avec un petit nombre de composants.
EP15749772.8A 2014-10-01 2015-08-05 Circuit de charge pour un accumulateur d'énergie électrique, système d'entraînement électrique et procédé pour faire fonctionner un circuit de charge Withdrawn EP3201037A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014219909.3A DE102014219909A1 (de) 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 Ladeschaltung für einen elektrischen Energiespeicher, elektrisches Antriebssystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Ladeschaltung
PCT/EP2015/068018 WO2016050392A1 (fr) 2014-10-01 2015-08-05 Circuit de charge pour un accumulateur d'énergie électrique, système d'entraînement électrique et procédé pour faire fonctionner un circuit de charge

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EP3201037A1 true EP3201037A1 (fr) 2017-08-09

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EP15749772.8A Withdrawn EP3201037A1 (fr) 2014-10-01 2015-08-05 Circuit de charge pour un accumulateur d'énergie électrique, système d'entraînement électrique et procédé pour faire fonctionner un circuit de charge

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US (1) US10286786B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3201037A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6333475B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014219909A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016050392A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2017536793A (ja) 2017-12-07
WO2016050392A1 (fr) 2016-04-07
US10286786B2 (en) 2019-05-14
DE102014219909A1 (de) 2016-04-07
JP6333475B2 (ja) 2018-05-30
US20170305278A1 (en) 2017-10-26

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