EP3198101B1 - Spacer for insulating glazing - Google Patents

Spacer for insulating glazing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3198101B1
EP3198101B1 EP15771064.1A EP15771064A EP3198101B1 EP 3198101 B1 EP3198101 B1 EP 3198101B1 EP 15771064 A EP15771064 A EP 15771064A EP 3198101 B1 EP3198101 B1 EP 3198101B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
layer
spacer
polymeric
pane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15771064.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3198101A1 (en
Inventor
Walter Schreiber
Martin RIGAUD
Hans-Werner Kuster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=51589209&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP3198101(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority to EP18188188.9A priority Critical patent/EP3421709B2/en
Priority to PL15771064T priority patent/PL3198101T3/en
Publication of EP3198101A1 publication Critical patent/EP3198101A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66314—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of tubular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66314—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of tubular shape
    • E06B3/66319—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of tubular shape of rubber, plastics or similar materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66333—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of unusual substances, e.g. wood or other fibrous materials, glass or other transparent materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66342—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit characterised by their sealed connection to the panes
    • E06B3/66352—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit characterised by their sealed connection to the panes with separate sealing strips between the panes and the spacer
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66333—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of unusual substances, e.g. wood or other fibrous materials, glass or other transparent materials
    • E06B2003/66338—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of unusual substances, e.g. wood or other fibrous materials, glass or other transparent materials of glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B2003/6638—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit with coatings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66342—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit characterised by their sealed connection to the panes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/673—Assembling the units
    • E06B3/67326—Assembling spacer elements with the panes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spacer for insulating glazings, a method for its production, an insulating glazing and their use.
  • the thermal conductivity of glass is about a factor of 2 to 3 lower than that of concrete or similar building materials.
  • slices are in most cases much thinner than comparable elements made of stone or concrete, buildings often lose the largest proportion of heat through the exterior glazing.
  • the additional costs for heating and air conditioning systems make up a not inconsiderable part of the maintenance costs of a building.
  • lower carbon dioxide emissions are required as part of stricter construction regulations.
  • An important solution for this is insulating glazing. Insulating glazings are indispensable in building construction, especially in the context of ever faster rising raw material prices and stricter environmental protection regulations. Insulating glazings therefore make up an increasing part of the outward glazing.
  • Insulating glazing usually contains at least two glass or polymeric materials. The disks are separated from each other by a gas or vacuum space defined by the spacer.
  • thermal insulation capacity of insulating glass is significantly higher than single glass and can be further increased and improved in triple glazing or with special coatings.
  • Silver-containing coatings for example, allow a reduced transmission of infrared radiation and thus reduce the heating of a building in summer.
  • optical and aesthetic features also increasingly play an important role in the field of building glazing.
  • the heat-insulating properties of insulating glazings are significantly influenced by the thermal conductivity in the region of the edge bond, in particular of the spacer.
  • the high thermal conductivity of the metal leads to the formation of a thermal bridge at the edge of the glass.
  • This thermal bridge leads on the one hand to heat losses in the edge region of the Insulating glazing and on the other hand at high humidity and low outside temperatures to form condensate on the inner pane in the area of the spacer.
  • so-called "warm-edge" systems are used, in which the spacers made of materials with lower thermal conductivity, such as plastics.
  • a challenge with the use of plastics is the correct sealing of the spacer. Leaks within the spacer can otherwise easily result in the loss of an inert gas between the insulating glazings. In addition to a poorer insulation effect, leaks can also easily lead to the ingress of moisture into the insulating glazing. Moisture-generated precipitation between the panes of the insulating glazing substantially degrades the optical quality and, in many cases, necessitates replacement of the entire insulating glazing.
  • Possible approaches to improve the seal and a concomitant reduction in thermal conductivity is the application of a barrier film on the spacer. This foil is usually attached to the spacer in the area of the outer seal. Common film materials include aluminum or stainless steel, which have good gas tightness. The metal surface ensures at the same time a good bonding of the spacer with the sealant.
  • WO2013 / 104507 A1 apparently a spacer with a polymeric body and an insulating film.
  • the insulating film contains a polymeric film and at least two metallic or ceramic layers, which are arranged alternately with at least one polymeric layer, wherein preferably the outer layers are polymeric layers.
  • the metallic layers have a thickness below one micron and must be protected by polymeric layers. Otherwise, the automated processing of the spacers during assembly of the insulating glazings can easily damage the metallic layers.
  • EP 0 852 280 A1 discloses a spacer for multi-pane insulating glazings.
  • the spacer comprises a metal foil with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm at the bonding surface and a glass fiber fraction in the plastic of the base body.
  • the outer metal foil is exposed to high mechanical loads during further processing in the insulating glazing. In particular, when spacers are further processed on automated production lines, it is easy to damage the metal foil and thus to the deterioration of the barrier effect.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a spacer for a glazing, which can be made particularly cost-effective and allows a good seal with simultaneous ease of installation, thus contributing to an improved long-term stable insulation.
  • the spacer according to the invention for multiple-pane insulating glazing comprises at least one polymeric base body and a multilayer insulating film.
  • the main body comprises two parallel disc contact surfaces, a gluing surface and a glazing interior surface.
  • the disc contact surfaces and the bonding surface are connected directly or alternatively via connecting surfaces.
  • the preferred two connecting surfaces preferably have an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° to the disc contact surfaces.
  • On the bonding surface or the bonding surface and the bonding surfaces is the insulating film.
  • the insulating film comprises at least one metal-containing barrier layer, a polymeric layer and a metal-containing thin layer.
  • a thin film in the sense of the invention denotes a layer with a thickness of less than 100 nm.
  • the metal-containing barrier layer has a thickness of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m and seals the spacer against gas and moisture loss.
  • the metal-containing barrier layer points to the bonding surface and is connected to the bonding surface directly or via a bonding agent.
  • the layer facing the bonding surface is the layer of the insulating film which has the smallest distance from the bonding surface of the polymeric base body of all layers of the insulating film.
  • the polymeric layer has a thickness of 5 microns to 80 microns and serves the additional sealing.
  • the polymeric layer simultaneously protects the metal-containing barrier layer from mechanical damage during storage and automated assembly of the insulating glazing.
  • the metal-containing thin film has a thickness of 5 nm to 30 nm. It was surprising that an additional barrier effect can be achieved by such a thin metal-containing layer.
  • the metal-containing thin film adjoins the polymeric layer, which from a production point of view is particularly advantageous because such films can be prepared separately and are available at low cost.
  • a spacer is provided by the invention, which has a low thermal conductivity due to a low metal content, which is sealed excellent by a multiple barrier and also due to the simple structure of the insulating film is inexpensive to produce in large quantities.
  • the metal-containing barrier layer is very well protected by the polymeric layer, so that no damage to the otherwise sensitive metal-containing barrier layer can occur.
  • the insulating film preferably consists of the metal-containing barrier layer, the polymeric layer and the metal-containing thin layer. Already with these three layers a very good seal is achieved. The individual layers can be connected via adhesives.
  • the metal-containing thin layer is located outside and thus faces away from the polymeric base body.
  • the outer layer of all layers of the insulating film has the greatest distance to the bonding surface of the polymeric base body.
  • the layer sequence in the insulating film starting from the bond area is then: Metal-containing barrier layer polymer layer - metal-containing thin layer.
  • the thin film serves not only as an additional barrier against loss of gas and moisture, but also takes over the task of a bonding agent.
  • the adhesion of this thin layer to the usual materials of the outer seal is so excellent that can be dispensed with an additional adhesion promoter.
  • the polymeric layer is on the outside so that the layer sequence in the insulating film starting from the bond area is metal-containing barrier layer-metal-containing thin-film polymer layer. In this arrangement, the metal-containing barrier layer is protected from damage.
  • the insulating film contains at least one second metal-containing thin layer.
  • Another metal-containing thin film improves the barrier effect.
  • the metal-containing thin film is outside so that it acts as a primer.
  • Particularly preferred is a layer sequence in the insulating film metal-containing barrier layer - metal-containing thin layer - polymeric layer - metal-containing thin layer, starting from the bond area. In this arrangement, the barrier effect is further improved by the second metal-containing thin film and at the same time, the outer metal-containing thin film acts as a primer.
  • the metal-containing thin film is preferably deposited by a PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) process. Coating processes for films with metal-containing thin films in the nanometer range are known and are used, for example, in the packaging industry.
  • the metal-containing thin film may be applied to a polymeric film by, for example, sputtering to the required thickness between 5 nm and 30 nm. Subsequently, this coated film can be laminated with a metal-containing barrier layer in a thickness in the micron range and thus the insulation film for the spacer according to the invention can be obtained. Such a coating can be done on one side or on both sides.
  • an insulating film can be obtained which, in combination with the polymeric base body, provides a spacer with excellent sealing.
  • the insulating film is attached to the bonding surface, the bonding surfaces and a part of the wafer contact surfaces.
  • the bonding surfaces and the bonding surfaces are completely covered by the insulating film and, in addition, the wafer contact surfaces are partially covered.
  • the insulating film extends over two thirds or half of the height h of the disc contact surfaces.
  • the metal-containing barrier layer preferably contains aluminum, silver, copper and / or alloys or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferably, the metal-containing layer contains aluminum.
  • Aluminum foils are characterized by a particularly good gas-tightness.
  • the metallic layer has a thickness of 5 .mu.m to 10 .mu.m, more preferably from 6 .mu.m to 9 .mu.m. Within the stated layer thicknesses, a particularly good tightness of the insulation film could be observed.
  • the metal-containing barrier layer is protected by a polymeric layer in the structure according to the invention, in Compared to commercially available spacers (about 30 microns to 100 microns thickness of the metal-containing layers) thinner metal-containing layers are used, whereby the heat-insulating properties of the spacer can be improved.
  • the metal-containing thin layer preferably contains metals and / or metal oxides.
  • metal oxides provide good adhesion to the materials of the outer seal when the thin film is on the outside.
  • the metal-containing thin layer of aluminum and / or alumina. These materials provide good adhesion and at the same time have a particularly good barrier effect.
  • the metal-containing thin film preferably has a thickness of 10 nm to 30 nm, particularly preferably 15 nm. In such a thickness, a good additional barrier effect is achieved without there being a deterioration of the thermal properties by forming a thermal bridge.
  • the insulating film is glued to the bonding surface via a non-gasifying adhesive, such as a polyurethane hot melt adhesive, which cures under moisture.
  • a non-gasifying adhesive such as a polyurethane hot melt adhesive
  • the insulating film preferably has a gas permeation of less than 0.001 g / (m 2 h).
  • the insulating film can be applied to the base body, for example, glued. Alternatively, the insulating film can be coextruded with the base body.
  • the polymeric layer preferably comprises polyethylene terephthalate, ethylene vinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene chloride, polyamides, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicones, acrylonitriles, polyacrylates, polymethyl acrylates and / or copolymers or mixtures thereof.
  • the polymeric layer preferably has a thickness of 5 ⁇ m to 24 ⁇ m, more preferably 12 ⁇ m. At these thicknesses, the underlying metallic barrier layer is particularly well protected.
  • the base body preferably has a width b of 5 mm to 45 mm along the glazing interior surface, particularly preferably 8 mm to 20 mm.
  • the exact diameter depends on the dimensions of the glazing and the desired space size.
  • the main body preferably has an overall height g of 5.5 mm to 8 mm, particularly preferably 6.5 mm, along the wafer contact surfaces.
  • the main body preferably contains a drying agent, preferably silica gels, molecular sieves, CaCl 2 , Na 2 SO 4 , activated carbon, silicates, bentonites, zeolites and / or mixtures thereof.
  • the desiccant can be incorporated either within a central cavity or in the glass fiber reinforced polymer body itself.
  • the desiccant is preferably contained within the central cavity.
  • the desiccant can then be filled directly before the assembly of the glazing. This ensures a particularly high absorption capacity of the desiccant in the finished insulating glazing.
  • the glazing interior surface preferably has openings which allow the humidity to be absorbed by the desiccant contained in the base body.
  • the main body preferably comprises polyethylene (PE), polycarbonates (PC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, polyesters, polyurethanes, polymethylmethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), preferably acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) , Acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene - polycarbonate (ABS / PC), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), PET / PC, PBT / PC and / or copolymers or mixtures thereof.
  • PE polyethylene
  • PC polycarbonates
  • PP polypropylene
  • polystyrene polyesters
  • polyurethanes polymethylmethacrylates
  • polyacrylates polyamides
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PBT polybutylene
  • the main body is preferably glass fiber reinforced.
  • the main body preferably has a glass fiber content of 20% to 50%, particularly preferably from 30% to 40%.
  • the glass fiber content in the base body simultaneously improves the strength and stability.
  • the invention further comprises an insulating glazing comprising at least two panes, one circulating between the panes in the edge region of the panes arranged spacers according to the invention, a sealing means and an outer sealing layer.
  • a first disk is applied to the first disk contact surface of the spacer and a second disk to the second disk contact surface.
  • Between the first disc and the first disc contact surface and the second disc and the second disc contact surface sealing means is mounted.
  • the two discs protrude beyond the spacer, so that a circumferential edge region is created, which is filled with an outer sealing layer, preferably a plastic sealing compound.
  • the marginal space lies opposite the inner space between the panes and is limited by the two panes and the spacers.
  • the outer sealing layer is in contact with the insulating film of the spacer according to the invention.
  • the outer sealing layer preferably contains polymers or silane-modified polymers, particularly preferably polysulfides, silicones, RTV (room temperature curing) silicone rubber, HTV (high temperature cure) silicone rubber, peroxidically crosslinked silicone rubber and / or addition-crosslinked silicone rubber, polyurethanes, butyl rubber and / or polyacrylates.
  • the discs contain materials such as glass and / or transparent polymers.
  • the discs preferably have an optical transparency of> 85%. In principle, different geometries of the disks are possible, for example rectangular, trapezoidal and rounded geometries.
  • the discs preferably have a heat-resistant coating.
  • the thermal barrier coating preferably contains silver.
  • the insulating glazing can be filled with a noble gas, preferably argon or krypton, which reduce the heat transfer value in the insulating glazing gap.
  • the polymeric body is produced by extrusion.
  • the insulation film is produced. First, it becomes a polymeric film in a PVD process metallized. This gives the structure required for the insulating film of polymeric layer and metal-containing thin film. This process is already widely used for the production of films in the packaging industry, so that the layer structure of polymeric layer and metal-containing thin film can be produced inexpensively.
  • the metallized polymeric layer is laminated with the metal-containing barrier layer.
  • a thin metal foil (corresponding to the metal-containing barrier layer) is connected to the prepared metallized polymeric layer by lamination.
  • the metal-containing barrier layer can be applied to both the polymeric layer and the metal-containing thin film.
  • the metal-containing thin layer in the finished insulation film is outside and can thus serve as a bonding agent to the material of the outer seal after mounting on the spacer.
  • the metal-containing thin film lies inside and is thus protected against damage.
  • the insulating film is preferably attached via an adhesive to the bonding surface of the polymeric base body.
  • the invention further comprises the use of a spacer according to the invention in multiple glazings, preferably in insulating glazings.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the spacer 1 according to the invention.
  • the glass-fiber-reinforced polymeric base body 2 comprises two parallel disc contact surfaces 3.1 and 3.2, which make contact with the discs of a Produce insulating glazing.
  • the disc contact surfaces 3.1 and 3.2 are connected via an outer bonding surface 5 and a glazing inner surface 4.
  • two angled connecting surfaces 6.1 and 6.2 are preferably arranged.
  • the connecting surfaces 6.1, 6.2 preferably extend at an angle (Alfa) of 30 ° to 60 ° to the bonding surface 5.
  • the glass-fiber-reinforced polymeric base body 2 preferably contains styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) and about 35% by weight of glass fiber.
  • SAN styrene-acrylonitrile
  • the angled shape of the first connection surface 6.1 and the second connection surface 6.2 improves the stability of the glass fiber reinforced polymer base body 2 and allows as in FIG. 2 shown a better bonding and isolation of the spacer according to the invention.
  • the main body has a cavity 8 and the wall thickness of the polymeric base body 2 is for example 1 mm.
  • the width b (see FIG. 5 ) of the polymeric base body 2 along the glazing inner surface 4 is 12 mm, for example.
  • the total height of the polymer body is 6.5 mm.
  • an insulating film 10 is attached, which at least one in FIG.
  • the entire spacer according to the invention has a thermal conductivity of less than 10 W / (m K) and a gas permeation of less than 0.001 g / (m 2 h).
  • the spacer according to the invention improves the insulation effect.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the insulating glazing according to the invention with the spacer 1 described in FIG. 1 , Between a first insulating glass pane 15 and a second insulating glass pane 16, the glass-fiber-reinforced polymeric basic body 2 with the insulating film 10 fastened thereon is arranged.
  • the insulating film 10 is arranged on the bonding surface 5, the first connection surface 6.1 and the second connection surface 6.2 and on a part of the disk contact surfaces.
  • the first disk 15, the second disk 16 and the insulating film 10 define the outer edge space 20 of the insulating glazing.
  • the outer sealing layer 17 which contains, for example polysulfide arranged.
  • the insulating film can be fixed to the polymer base 2 with PUR hot-melt adhesive, for example.
  • a sealing means 18 is preferably arranged between the disc contact surfaces 3.1, 3.2 and the insulating glass panes 15, 16, a sealing means 18 is preferably arranged. This contains, for example, butyl.
  • the sealant 18 overlaps with the insulating film to prevent potential interfacial diffusion.
  • the first insulating glass pane 15 and the second Insulating glass pane 16 preferably have the same dimensions and thicknesses.
  • the discs preferably have an optical transparency of> 85%.
  • the insulating glass panes 15, 16 preferably contain glass and / or polymers, preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda lime glass, polymethyl methacrylate and / or mixtures thereof.
  • the first insulating glass pane 15 and / or the second insulating glass pane 16 may be formed as a laminated glass pane.
  • the insulating glazing invention forms in this case a triple or quadruple glazing.
  • a desiccant 9 for example molecular sieve, is arranged within the central cavity 8. This desiccant 9 can be filled in the cavity 8 of the spacer 1 prior to assembly of the glazing.
  • the glazing interior surface 4 comprises smaller openings 7 or pores, which allow a gas exchange with the disk interior 19.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the insulating film 10 of the invention.
  • the insulating film 10 comprises a metal-containing barrier layer 12 of 7 microns thick aluminum, a polymeric layer of 12 micron thick polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and a metal-containing thin film of 10 nm thick aluminum.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • Polyethylene terephthalate is particularly suitable to protect the 7 micron thick aluminum layer from mechanical damage, since PET films are characterized by a particularly high tensile strength.
  • the film layers are arranged so that the aluminum layers, that is, the metal-containing barrier layer 12 and the metal-containing thin film 14, are on the outside.
  • the film is arranged on a polymeric base body according to the invention so that the metal-containing barrier layer 12 faces the bonding surface 5.
  • the metal-containing thin film 14 faces outward and at the same time acts as an adhesive layer against the material of the outer sealing layer 17.
  • the metal-containing thin film 14 not only performs a barrier effect but also the function of a bonding agent.
  • the structure of the insulating film 10 according to the invention lowers the thermal conductivity of the insulating film in comparison to the insulating films, which consist exclusively of an aluminum foil, since the thicknesses of the metal-containing layers of the insulating film 10 according to the invention are lower.
  • Insulation foils consisting only of aluminum foil must be thicker, since aluminum foils with thicknesses below 0.1 mm are highly sensitive to mechanical damage, which may occur, for example, during automated installation in insulating glazing.
  • a with said inventive insulating film 10 and the glass fiber reinforced polymer Base 2 provided spacer 1 has a thermal thermal conductivity of 0.29 W / (m K).
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section of an alternative embodiment of the insulating film according to the invention.
  • the materials and thicknesses are as in FIG. 3 However, the order of the individual layers differs.
  • the metal-containing thin film 14 lies between the metal-containing barrier layer 12 and the polymeric layer 13. In this arrangement, the metal-containing barrier layer 12 is protected from damage by the polymeric layer 13, thereby ensuring an unrestricted barrier effect.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section of another embodiment of the insulating film according to the invention.
  • the structure of the insulating film 10 is substantially as in FIG. 4 described.
  • another metal-containing thin film 14 is disposed adjacent to the polymeric layer 13. This thin film 14 in particular improves the adhesion to the material of the outer sealing layer 17 in the finished insulating glazing.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross section of a spacer according to the invention comprising a glass fiber reinforced polymer base body 2 and an insulating film 10, on the bonding surface 5, the connecting surfaces 6.1. and 6.2 and about two thirds of the disc contact surfaces 3.1 and 3.2 is attached.
  • the width b of the polymeric base body along the gasification inner surface 4 is 12 mm and the total height g of the polymeric base body 2 is 6.5 mm.
  • the structure of the insulating film 10 is as in FIG. 3 shown.
  • the insulating film 10 is attached via an adhesive 11, in this case a polyurethane hot melt adhesive.
  • the polyurethane hot melt glues the metal-containing barrier layer 12 pointing to the bonding surface 5 particularly well with the polymeric base body 2.
  • the polyurethane hot melt adhesive is one non-gaseous adhesive to prevent gases from diffusing into the disc interior 19 and causing the formation of visible precipitates.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Abstandshalter für Isolierverglasungen, ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, eine Isolierverglasung und deren Verwendung.The invention relates to a spacer for insulating glazings, a method for its production, an insulating glazing and their use.

Die Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Glas ist etwa um den Faktor 2 bis 3 niedriger als die von Beton oder ähnlichen Baustoffen. Da Scheiben in den meisten Fällen jedoch deutlich dünner als vergleichbare Elemente aus Stein oder Beton ausgelegt sind, verlieren Gebäude dennoch häufig den größten Wärmeanteil über die Außenverglasung. Die notwendigen Mehrkosten für Heizung und Klimaanlagen machen einen nicht zu unterschätzenden Teil der Unterhaltungskosten eines Gebäudes aus. Zudem werden im Zuge strengerer Bauvorschriften niedrigere Kohlendioxid Emissionen gefordert. Ein wichtiger Lösungsansatz hierfür sind Isolierverglasungen. Isolierverglasungen sind vor allem im Zuge immer schneller steigender Rohstoffpreise und strengeren Umweltschutzauflagen nicht mehr aus dem Gebäudebau wegzudenken. Isolierverglasungen machen daher einen zunehmend größeren Teil der nach außen gerichteten Verglasungen aus. Isolierverglasungen enthalten in der Regel mindestens zwei Scheiben aus Glas oder polymeren Materialien. Die Scheiben sind über einen vom Abstandshalter (Spacer) definierten Gas- oder Vakuumraum voneinander getrennt. Das Wärmedämmvermögen von Isolierglas ist deutlich höher als Einfachglas und kann in Dreifachverglasungen oder mit speziellen Beschichtungen noch weiter gesteigert und verbessert werden. So ermöglichen beispielsweise silberhaltige Beschichtungen eine verringerte Transmission von infraroter Strahlung und senken so die Aufheizung eines Gebäudes im Sommer. Neben der wichtigen Eigenschaft der Wärmeisolierung spielen im Bereich der Gebäudeverglasung zunehmend auch optische und ästhetische Merkmale eine wichtige Rolle.The thermal conductivity of glass is about a factor of 2 to 3 lower than that of concrete or similar building materials. However, since slices are in most cases much thinner than comparable elements made of stone or concrete, buildings often lose the largest proportion of heat through the exterior glazing. The additional costs for heating and air conditioning systems make up a not inconsiderable part of the maintenance costs of a building. In addition, lower carbon dioxide emissions are required as part of stricter construction regulations. An important solution for this is insulating glazing. Insulating glazings are indispensable in building construction, especially in the context of ever faster rising raw material prices and stricter environmental protection regulations. Insulating glazings therefore make up an increasing part of the outward glazing. Insulating glazing usually contains at least two glass or polymeric materials. The disks are separated from each other by a gas or vacuum space defined by the spacer. The thermal insulation capacity of insulating glass is significantly higher than single glass and can be further increased and improved in triple glazing or with special coatings. Silver-containing coatings, for example, allow a reduced transmission of infrared radiation and thus reduce the heating of a building in summer. In addition to the important property of thermal insulation, optical and aesthetic features also increasingly play an important role in the field of building glazing.

Neben der Beschaffenheit und dem Aufbau des Glases sind auch die weiteren Komponenten einer Isolierverglasung von großer Bedeutung. Die Dichtung und vor allem der Abstandshalter haben einen großen Einfluss auf die Qualität der Isolierverglasung.In addition to the nature and structure of the glass, the other components of a double glazing are of great importance. The seal and above all the spacers have a great influence on the quality of the insulating glazing.

Die Wärme-isolierenden Eigenschaften von Isolierverglasungen werden ganz wesentlich vom Wärmeleitvermögen im Bereich des Randverbunds, insbesondere des Abstandhalters beeinflusst. Bei üblichen Abstandshaltern aus Aluminium kommt es durch die hohe thermische Leitfähigkeit des Metalls zur Ausbildung einer Wärmebrücke am Rand des Glases. Diese Wärmebrücke führt einerseits zu Wärmeverlusten im Randbereich der Isolierverglasung und andererseits bei hoher Luftfeuchtigkeit und niedrigen Außentemperaturen zur Bildung von Kondensat auf der Innenscheibe im Bereich des Abstandshalters. Um diese Probleme zu lösen, werden vermehrt thermisch optimierte, sogenannte "Warme-Kante"-Systeme eingesetzt, bei denen die Abstandhalter aus Materialien mit geringerer Wärmeleitfähigkeit, wie zum Beispiel Kunststoffen bestehen.The heat-insulating properties of insulating glazings are significantly influenced by the thermal conductivity in the region of the edge bond, in particular of the spacer. In conventional spacers made of aluminum, the high thermal conductivity of the metal leads to the formation of a thermal bridge at the edge of the glass. This thermal bridge leads on the one hand to heat losses in the edge region of the Insulating glazing and on the other hand at high humidity and low outside temperatures to form condensate on the inner pane in the area of the spacer. To solve these problems, increasingly thermally optimized, so-called "warm-edge" systems are used, in which the spacers made of materials with lower thermal conductivity, such as plastics.

Eine Herausforderung bei der Verwendung von Kunststoffen ist die korrekte Abdichtung des Abstandhalters. Undichtigkeiten innerhalb des Abstandshalters können sonst leicht zu einem Verlust eines inerten Gases zwischen den Isolierverglasungen führen. Neben einer schlechteren Dämmwirkung können Undichtigkeiten zudem leicht zum Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit in die Isolierverglasung führen. Durch Feuchtigkeit gebildeter Niederschlag zwischen den Scheiben der Isolierverglasung verschlechtert ganz wesentlich die optische Qualität und macht in vielen Fällen einen Austausch der gesamten Isolierverglasung notwendig. Mögliche Ansätze zur Verbesserung der Abdichtung und eine damit verbundene Reduzierung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit ist die Aufbringung einer Barrierefolie auf dem Abstandshalter. Diese Folie wird in der Regel im Bereich der Außendichtung auf dem Abstandshalter befestigt. Gebräuchliche Folienmaterialien beinhalten Aluminium oder Edelstahl, welche eine gute Gasdichtigkeit aufweisen. Die Metalloberfläche gewährleistet gleichzeitig eine gute Verklebung des Abstandshalters mit der Dichtmasse.A challenge with the use of plastics is the correct sealing of the spacer. Leaks within the spacer can otherwise easily result in the loss of an inert gas between the insulating glazings. In addition to a poorer insulation effect, leaks can also easily lead to the ingress of moisture into the insulating glazing. Moisture-generated precipitation between the panes of the insulating glazing substantially degrades the optical quality and, in many cases, necessitates replacement of the entire insulating glazing. Possible approaches to improve the seal and a concomitant reduction in thermal conductivity is the application of a barrier film on the spacer. This foil is usually attached to the spacer in the area of the outer seal. Common film materials include aluminum or stainless steel, which have good gas tightness. The metal surface ensures at the same time a good bonding of the spacer with the sealant.

WO2013/104507 A1 offenbar einen Abstandhalter mit einem polymeren Grundkörper und einer Isolationsfolie. Die Isolationsfolie enthält dabei eine polymere Folie und mindestens zwei metallische oder keramische Schichten, die alternierend mit mindestens einer polymeren Schicht angeordnet sind, wobei bevorzugt die außen liegenden Schichten polymere Schichten sind. Die metallischen Schichten weisen eine Dicke unter einem µm auf und müssen durch polymere Schichten geschützt werden. Ansonsten kommt es bei der automatisierten Verarbeitung der Abstandhalter beim Zusammenbau der Isolierverglasungen leicht zu Beschädigungen der metallischen Schichten. WO2013 / 104507 A1 apparently a spacer with a polymeric body and an insulating film. The insulating film contains a polymeric film and at least two metallic or ceramic layers, which are arranged alternately with at least one polymeric layer, wherein preferably the outer layers are polymeric layers. The metallic layers have a thickness below one micron and must be protected by polymeric layers. Otherwise, the automated processing of the spacers during assembly of the insulating glazings can easily damage the metallic layers.

EP 0 852 280 A1 offenbart einen Abstandshalter für Mehrscheiben-Isolierverglasungen. Der Abstandshalter umfasst eine Metallfolie mit einer Dicke unter 0,1 mm an der Verklebungsfläche und einen Glasfaseranteil im Kunststoff des Grundkörpers. Die außen liegende Metallfolie ist während der Weiterverarbeitung in der Isolierverglasung hohen mechanischen Belastungen ausgesetzt. Insbesondere wenn Abstandshalter auf automatisierten Fertigungslinien weiterverarbeitet werden, kommt es leicht zu Beschädigungen der Metallfolie und damit zur Verschlechterung der Barrierewirkung. EP 0 852 280 A1 discloses a spacer for multi-pane insulating glazings. The spacer comprises a metal foil with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm at the bonding surface and a glass fiber fraction in the plastic of the base body. The outer metal foil is exposed to high mechanical loads during further processing in the insulating glazing. In particular, when spacers are further processed on automated production lines, it is easy to damage the metal foil and thus to the deterioration of the barrier effect.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung liegt darin, einen Abstandshalter für eine Isolierverglasung bereitzustellen, der besonders kostengünstig hergestellt werden kann und eine gute Abdichtung bei gleichzeitig einfacher Montage ermöglicht und so zu einer verbesserten langzeitstabilen Isolierwirkung beiträgt.The object of the invention is to provide a spacer for a glazing, which can be made particularly cost-effective and allows a good seal with simultaneous ease of installation, thus contributing to an improved long-term stable insulation.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung wird erfindungsgemäß durch einen Abstandshalter (Spacer) gemäß dem unabhängigen Anspruch 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungen gehen aus den Unteransprüchen hervor. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Abstandshalter, eine erfindungsgemäße Isolierverglasung und deren erfindungsgemäße Verwendung gehen aus weiteren unabhängigen Ansprüchen hervor.The object of the present invention is achieved by a spacer according to the independent claim 1. Preferred embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims. A method for producing a spacer according to the invention, an insulating glazing according to the invention and the use according to the invention are evident from further independent claims.

Der erfindungsgemäße Abstandshalter für Mehrfachscheiben-Isolierverglasung umfasst mindestens einen polymeren Grundkörper und eine mehrschichtige Isolationsfolie. Der Grundkörper umfasst zwei parallel verlaufende Scheibenkontaktflächen, eine Verklebungsfläche und eine Verglasungsinnenraumfläche. Die Scheibenkontaktflächen und die Verklebungsfläche sind direkt oder alternativ über Verbindungsflächen miteinander verbunden. Die bevorzugt zwei Verbindungsflächen weisen bevorzugt einen Winkel von 30° bis 60° zu den Scheibenkontaktflächen auf. Auf der Verklebungsfläche oder der Verklebungsfläche und den Verbindungsflächen befindet sich die Isolationsfolie. Die Isolationsfolie umfasst mindestens eine metallhaltige Barriereschicht, eine polymere Schicht und eine metallhaltige Dünnschicht. Eine Dünnschicht im Sinne der Erfindung bezeichnet eine Schicht mit einer Dicke unter 100 nm. Die metallhaltige Barriereschicht hat eine Dicke von 1 µm bis 20 µm und dichtet den Abstandhalter gegen Gas- und Feuchtigkeitsverlust ab. Die metallhaltige Barriereschicht weist zur Verklebungsfläche und ist mit der Verklebungsfläche direkt oder über einen Haftvermittler verbunden. Im Sinne der Erfindung ist die zur Verklebungsfläche weisende Schicht, die Schicht der Isolationsfolie, die von allen Schichten der Isolationsfolie den geringsten Abstand zur Verklebungsfläche des polymeren Grundkörpers hat. Die polymere Schicht hat eine Dicke von 5 µm bis 80 µm und dient der zusätzlichen Abdichtung. Die polymere Schicht schützt gleichzeitig die metallhaltige Barriereschicht vor mechanischer Beschädigung während der Lagerung und des automatisierten Zusammenbaus der Isolierverglasung. Die metallhaltige Dünnschicht weist eine Dicke von 5 nm bis 30 nm auf. Es war überraschend, dass durch eine so dünne metallhaltige Schicht eine zusätzliche Barrierewirkung erzielt werden kann. Die metallhaltige Dünnschicht grenzt an die polymere Schicht an, was aus produktionstechnischer Sicht besonders vorteilhaft ist, da derartige Folien separat hergestellt werden können und kostengünstig verfügbar sind.The spacer according to the invention for multiple-pane insulating glazing comprises at least one polymeric base body and a multilayer insulating film. The main body comprises two parallel disc contact surfaces, a gluing surface and a glazing interior surface. The disc contact surfaces and the bonding surface are connected directly or alternatively via connecting surfaces. The preferred two connecting surfaces preferably have an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° to the disc contact surfaces. On the bonding surface or the bonding surface and the bonding surfaces is the insulating film. The insulating film comprises at least one metal-containing barrier layer, a polymeric layer and a metal-containing thin layer. A thin film in the sense of the invention denotes a layer with a thickness of less than 100 nm. The metal-containing barrier layer has a thickness of 1 μm to 20 μm and seals the spacer against gas and moisture loss. The metal-containing barrier layer points to the bonding surface and is connected to the bonding surface directly or via a bonding agent. For the purposes of the invention, the layer facing the bonding surface is the layer of the insulating film which has the smallest distance from the bonding surface of the polymeric base body of all layers of the insulating film. The polymeric layer has a thickness of 5 microns to 80 microns and serves the additional sealing. The polymeric layer simultaneously protects the metal-containing barrier layer from mechanical damage during storage and automated assembly of the insulating glazing. The metal-containing thin film has a thickness of 5 nm to 30 nm. It was surprising that an additional barrier effect can be achieved by such a thin metal-containing layer. The metal-containing thin film adjoins the polymeric layer, which from a production point of view is particularly advantageous because such films can be prepared separately and are available at low cost.

Somit wird durch die Erfindung ein Abstandhalter bereitgestellt, der eine geringe thermische Leitfähigkeit aufgrund eines geringen Metallanteils aufweist, der durch eine mehrfache Barriere hervorragend abgedichtet ist und der zudem aufgrund des einfachen Aufbaus der Isolationsfolie kostengünstig in großen Mengen herzustellen ist. Zudem ist die metallhaltige Barriereschicht durch die polymere Schicht sehr gut geschützt, sodass keine Beschädigung der ansonsten empfindlichen metallhaltigen Barriereschicht auftreten kann.Thus, a spacer is provided by the invention, which has a low thermal conductivity due to a low metal content, which is sealed excellent by a multiple barrier and also due to the simple structure of the insulating film is inexpensive to produce in large quantities. In addition, the metal-containing barrier layer is very well protected by the polymeric layer, so that no damage to the otherwise sensitive metal-containing barrier layer can occur.

Die Isolationsfolie besteht bevorzugt aus der metallhaltigen Barriereschicht, der polymeren Schicht und der metallhaltigen Dünnschicht. Bereits mit diesen drei Schichten wird eine sehr gute Abdichtung erreicht. Die einzelnen Schichten können über Klebstoffe verbunden sein.The insulating film preferably consists of the metal-containing barrier layer, the polymeric layer and the metal-containing thin layer. Already with these three layers a very good seal is achieved. The individual layers can be connected via adhesives.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Abstandhalters liegt die metallhaltige Dünnschicht außen und weist somit vom polymeren Grundkörper weg. Erfindungsgemäß hat die außen liegende Schicht von allen Schichten der Isolationsfolie den größten Abstand zur Verklebungsfläche des polymeren Grundkörpers. Damit weist die metallhaltige Dünnschicht in der fertigen Isolierverglasung zur Versiegelungsschicht. Die Schichtenfolge in der Isolationsfolie ausgehend von der Verklebungsfläche ist dann: Metallhaltige Barriereschicht- polymere Schicht - metallhaltige Dünnschicht. In dieser Anordnung dient die Dünnschicht nicht nur als zusätzliche Barriere gegen Gasverlust und Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit sondern übernimmt gleichzeitig die Aufgabe eines Haftvermittlers. Die Haftung dieser dünnen Schicht zu den üblichen Materialien der äußeren Versiegelung ist so hervorragend, dass auf einen zusätzlichen Haftvermittler verzichtet werden kann.In a preferred embodiment of the spacer according to the invention, the metal-containing thin layer is located outside and thus faces away from the polymeric base body. According to the invention, the outer layer of all layers of the insulating film has the greatest distance to the bonding surface of the polymeric base body. Thus, the metal-containing thin layer in the finished insulating glazing to the sealing layer. The layer sequence in the insulating film starting from the bond area is then: Metal-containing barrier layer polymer layer - metal-containing thin layer. In this arrangement, the thin film serves not only as an additional barrier against loss of gas and moisture, but also takes over the task of a bonding agent. The adhesion of this thin layer to the usual materials of the outer seal is so excellent that can be dispensed with an additional adhesion promoter.

In einer alternativen Ausführungsform liegt die polymere Schicht außen, sodass die Schichtenfolge in der Isolationsfolie ausgehend von der Verklebungsfläche metallhaltige Barriereschicht - metallhaltige Dünnschicht - polymere Schicht ist. In dieser Anordnung ist auch die metallhaltige Barriereschicht vor Beschädigung geschützt.In an alternative embodiment, the polymeric layer is on the outside so that the layer sequence in the insulating film starting from the bond area is metal-containing barrier layer-metal-containing thin-film polymer layer. In this arrangement, the metal-containing barrier layer is protected from damage.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform enthält die Isolationsfolie mindestens eine zweite metallhaltige Dünnschicht. Eine weitere metallhaltige Dünnschicht verbessert die Barrierewirkung. Bevorzugt liegt die metallhaltige Dünnschicht außen, sodass sie als Haftvermittler wirkt. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Schichtenfolge in der Isolationsfolie ausgehend von der Verklebungsfläche metallhaltige Barriereschicht - metallhaltige Dünnschicht - polymere Schicht - metallhaltige Dünnschicht. In dieser Anordnung ist die Barrierewirkung durch die zweite metallhaltige Dünnschicht weiter verbessert und gleichzeitig wirkt die außen liegende metallhaltige Dünnschicht als Haftvermittler.In a further preferred embodiment, the insulating film contains at least one second metal-containing thin layer. Another metal-containing thin film improves the barrier effect. Preferably, the metal-containing thin film is outside so that it acts as a primer. Particularly preferred is a layer sequence in the insulating film metal-containing barrier layer - metal-containing thin layer - polymeric layer - metal-containing thin layer, starting from the bond area. In this arrangement, the barrier effect is further improved by the second metal-containing thin film and at the same time, the outer metal-containing thin film acts as a primer.

Die metallhaltige Dünnschicht wird bevorzugt durch einen PVD-Prozess (physikalische Gasphasenabscheidung) abgeschieden. Beschichtungsverfahren für Folien mit metallhaltigen Dünnschichten im Nanometerbereich sind bekannt und werden zum Beispiel in der Verpackungsindustrie eingesetzt. Die metallhaltige Dünnschicht kann auf eine polymere Folie zum Beispiel durch Sputtern in der erforderlichen Dicke zwischen 5 nm und 30 nm aufgebracht werden. Anschließend kann diese beschichtete Folie mit einer metallhaltigen Barriereschicht in einer Dicke im µm-Bereich laminiert werden und so die Isolationsfolie für den erfindungsgemäßen Abstandshalter erhalten werden. Eine solche Beschichtung kann einseitig oder beidseitig erfolgen. So kann überraschend ausgehend von einem leicht zugänglichen Produkt in einem Produktionsschritt eine Isolationsfolie erhalten werden, die im Verbund mit dem polymeren Grundkörper einen Abstandhalter mit hervorragender Abdichtung liefert.The metal-containing thin film is preferably deposited by a PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) process. Coating processes for films with metal-containing thin films in the nanometer range are known and are used, for example, in the packaging industry. The metal-containing thin film may be applied to a polymeric film by, for example, sputtering to the required thickness between 5 nm and 30 nm. Subsequently, this coated film can be laminated with a metal-containing barrier layer in a thickness in the micron range and thus the insulation film for the spacer according to the invention can be obtained. Such a coating can be done on one side or on both sides. Thus, surprisingly, starting from an easily accessible product in a production step, an insulating film can be obtained which, in combination with the polymeric base body, provides a spacer with excellent sealing.

Bevorzugt wird die Isolationsfolie an der Verklebungsfläche, den Verbindungsflächen und einem Teil der Scheibenkontaktflächen angebracht. In dieser Anordnung werden die Verklebungsflächen und die Verbindungsflächen vollständig von der Isolationsfolie bedeckt und zusätzlich die Scheibenkontaktflächen zu einem Teil bedeckt. Besonders bevorzugt erstreckt sich die Isolationsfolie über zwei Drittel oder die Hälfte der Höhe h der Scheibenkontaktflächen. In dieser Anordnung wird eine besonders gute Abdichtung erzielt, da in der fertigen Isolierverglasung die Isolationsfolie mit dem Dichtmittel überlappt, das sich zwischen den Scheiben und den Scheibenkontaktflächen befindet. So kann eine mögliche Diffusion von Feuchtigkeit in den Scheibeninnenraum und eine Diffusion von Gasen in den bzw. aus dem Scheibeninnenraum verhindert werden.Preferably, the insulating film is attached to the bonding surface, the bonding surfaces and a part of the wafer contact surfaces. In this arrangement, the bonding surfaces and the bonding surfaces are completely covered by the insulating film and, in addition, the wafer contact surfaces are partially covered. Particularly preferably, the insulating film extends over two thirds or half of the height h of the disc contact surfaces. In this arrangement, a particularly good seal is achieved because in the finished insulating glazing, the insulating film overlaps with the sealant, which is located between the discs and the disc contact surfaces. Thus, possible diffusion of moisture into the disk interior and diffusion of gases into and out of the disk interior can be prevented.

Die metallhaltige Barriereschicht enthält bevorzugt Aluminium, Silber, Kupfer und/oder Legierungen oder Gemische davon. Besonders bevorzugt enthält die metallhaltige Schicht Aluminium. Aluminiumfolien zeichnen sich durch eine besonders gute Gasdichtigkeit aus. Die metallische Schicht weist eine Dicke von 5 µm bis 10 µm auf, besonders bevorzugt von 6 µm bis 9 µm auf. Innerhalb der genannten Schichtdicken konnte eine besonders gute Dichtigkeit der Isolationsfolie beobachtet werden. Da die metallhaltige Barriereschicht im erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau durch eine polymere Schicht geschützt wird, können im Vergleich zu handelsüblichen Abstandshaltern (ca. 30 µm bis 100 µm Dicke der metallhaltigen Schichten) dünnere metallhaltige Schichten eingesetzt werden, wodurch die Wärme-isolierenden Eigenschaften des Abstandshalters verbessert werden.The metal-containing barrier layer preferably contains aluminum, silver, copper and / or alloys or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferably, the metal-containing layer contains aluminum. Aluminum foils are characterized by a particularly good gas-tightness. The metallic layer has a thickness of 5 .mu.m to 10 .mu.m, more preferably from 6 .mu.m to 9 .mu.m. Within the stated layer thicknesses, a particularly good tightness of the insulation film could be observed. Since the metal-containing barrier layer is protected by a polymeric layer in the structure according to the invention, in Compared to commercially available spacers (about 30 microns to 100 microns thickness of the metal-containing layers) thinner metal-containing layers are used, whereby the heat-insulating properties of the spacer can be improved.

Die metallhaltige Dünnschicht enthält bevorzugt Metalle und/oder Metalloxide. Insbesondere Metalloxide stellen eine gute Haftung zu den Materialien der äußeren Versiegelung her, wenn die Dünnschicht außen liegt. Besonders bevorzugt besteht die metallhaltige Dünnschicht aus Aluminium und / oder Aluminiumoxid. Diese Materialien stellen eine gute Haftung her und haben gleichzeitig eine besonders gute Barrierewirkung.The metal-containing thin layer preferably contains metals and / or metal oxides. In particular, metal oxides provide good adhesion to the materials of the outer seal when the thin film is on the outside. Particularly preferably, the metal-containing thin layer of aluminum and / or alumina. These materials provide good adhesion and at the same time have a particularly good barrier effect.

Die metallhaltige Dünnschicht hat bevorzugt eine Dicke von 10 nm bis 30 nm, besonders bevorzugt von 15 nm. In einer solchen Dicke wird eine gute zusätzliche Barrierewirkung erzielt ohne dass es zu einer Verschlechterung der thermischen Eigenschaften durch Ausbildung einer Wärmebrücke kommt.The metal-containing thin film preferably has a thickness of 10 nm to 30 nm, particularly preferably 15 nm. In such a thickness, a good additional barrier effect is achieved without there being a deterioration of the thermal properties by forming a thermal bridge.

In einer bevorzugten Variante wird die Isolationsfolie mit der Verklebungsfläche über einen nichtgasenden Kleber verklebt, wie zum Beispiel einen Polyurethan-Schmelzklebstoff, der unter Feuchtigkeit aushärtet. Dieser Kleber stellt eine besonders gute Haftung zwischen dem glasfaserverstärkten polymeren Grundkörper und der metallhaltigen Barriereschicht her und vermeidet die Bildung von Gasen, die durch den Abstandhalter in den Scheibeninnenraum diffundieren.In a preferred variant, the insulating film is glued to the bonding surface via a non-gasifying adhesive, such as a polyurethane hot melt adhesive, which cures under moisture. This adhesive produces a particularly good adhesion between the glass-fiber-reinforced polymer base body and the metal-containing barrier layer and avoids the formation of gases which diffuse through the spacer into the interior of the pane.

Die Isolationsfolie weist bevorzugt eine Gaspermeation von kleiner als 0,001 g/(m2 h) auf.The insulating film preferably has a gas permeation of less than 0.001 g / (m 2 h).

Die Isolationsfolie kann auf dem Grundkörper aufgebracht werden, beispielsweise geklebt werden. Alternativ kann die Isolationsfolie mit dem Grundkörper zusammen coextrudiert werden.The insulating film can be applied to the base body, for example, glued. Alternatively, the insulating film can be coextruded with the base body.

Die polymere Schicht umfasst bevorzugt Polyethylenterephthalat, Ethylenvinylalkohol, Polyvinylidenchlorid, Polyamide, Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Silikone, Acrylonitrile, Polyacrylate, Polymethylacrylate und/oder Copolymere oder Gemische davon.The polymeric layer preferably comprises polyethylene terephthalate, ethylene vinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene chloride, polyamides, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicones, acrylonitriles, polyacrylates, polymethyl acrylates and / or copolymers or mixtures thereof.

Die polymere Schicht weist bevorzugt eine Dicke von 5 µm bis 24 µm, besonders bevorzugt 12 µm, auf. Bei diesen Dicken wird die darunter liegende metallische Barriereschicht besonders gut geschützt.The polymeric layer preferably has a thickness of 5 μm to 24 μm, more preferably 12 μm. At these thicknesses, the underlying metallic barrier layer is particularly well protected.

Der Grundkörper weist bevorzugt entlang der Verglasungsinnenraumfläche eine Breite b von 5 mm bis 45 mm auf, besonders bevorzugt 8 mm bis 20 mm. Der genaue Durchmesser richtet sich nach den Abmessungen der Isolierverglasung und der gewünschten Zwischenraumgröße.The base body preferably has a width b of 5 mm to 45 mm along the glazing interior surface, particularly preferably 8 mm to 20 mm. The exact diameter depends on the dimensions of the glazing and the desired space size.

Der Grundkörper weist bevorzugt entlang der Scheibenkontaktflächen eine Gesamthöhe g von 5,5 mm bis 8 mm, besonders bevorzugt 6,5 mm auf.The main body preferably has an overall height g of 5.5 mm to 8 mm, particularly preferably 6.5 mm, along the wafer contact surfaces.

Der Grundkörper enthält bevorzugt ein Trockenmittel, bevorzugt Kieselgele, Molekularsiebe, CaCl2, Na2SO4, Aktivkohle, Silikate, Bentonite, Zeolithe und/oder Gemische davon. Das Trockenmittel kann sowohl innerhalb eines zentralen Hohlraums oder in den glasfaserverstärkten polymeren Grundkörper selbst eingearbeitet sein. Das Trockenmittel ist bevorzugt innerhalb des zentralen Hohlraums enthalten. Das Trockenmittel kann dann direkt vor dem Zusammenbau der Isolierverglasung eingefüllt werden. So wird eine besonders hohe Aufnahmekapazität des Trockenmittels in der fertigen Isolierverglasung sichergestellt. Die Verglasungsinnenraumfläche weist bevorzugt Öffnungen auf, welche eine Aufnahme der Luftfeuchtigkeit durch das im Grundkörper enthaltene Trockenmittel erlauben.The main body preferably contains a drying agent, preferably silica gels, molecular sieves, CaCl 2 , Na 2 SO 4 , activated carbon, silicates, bentonites, zeolites and / or mixtures thereof. The desiccant can be incorporated either within a central cavity or in the glass fiber reinforced polymer body itself. The desiccant is preferably contained within the central cavity. The desiccant can then be filled directly before the assembly of the glazing. This ensures a particularly high absorption capacity of the desiccant in the finished insulating glazing. The glazing interior surface preferably has openings which allow the humidity to be absorbed by the desiccant contained in the base body.

Der Grundkörper enthält bevorzugt Polyethylen (PE), Polycarbonate (PC), Polypropylen (PP), Polystyrol, Polyester, Polyurethane, Polymethylmetacrylate, Polyacrylate, Polyamide, Polyethylenterephthalat (PET), Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT), bevorzugt Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol (ABS), Acrylester-Styrol-Acrylnitril (ASA), Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol - Polycarbonat (ABS/PC), Styrol-Acrylnitril (SAN), PET/PC, PBT/PC und/oder Copolymere oder Gemische davon.The main body preferably comprises polyethylene (PE), polycarbonates (PC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, polyesters, polyurethanes, polymethylmethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), preferably acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) , Acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene - polycarbonate (ABS / PC), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), PET / PC, PBT / PC and / or copolymers or mixtures thereof.

Der Grundkörper ist bevorzugt glasfaserverstärkt. Durch die Wahl des Glasfaseranteils im Grundkörper kann der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient des Grundkörpers variiert und angepasst werden. Durch Anpassung des Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten des Grundkörpers und der Isolationsfolie lassen sich temperaturbedingte Spannungen zwischen den unterschiedlichen Materialien und ein Abplatzen der Isolationsfolie vermeiden. Der Grundkörper weist bevorzugt einen Glasfaseranteil von 20 % bis 50 %, besonders bevorzugt von 30 % bis 40 % auf. Der Glasfaseranteil im Grundkörper verbessert gleichzeitig die Festigkeit und Stabilität.The main body is preferably glass fiber reinforced. By choosing the glass fiber content in the body, the thermal expansion coefficient of the body can be varied and adjusted. By adjusting the coefficient of thermal expansion of the base body and the insulating film, temperature-induced stresses between the different materials and a flaking off of the insulating film can be avoided. The main body preferably has a glass fiber content of 20% to 50%, particularly preferably from 30% to 40%. The glass fiber content in the base body simultaneously improves the strength and stability.

Die Erfindung umfasst des Weiteren eine Isolierverglasung umfassend mindestens zwei Scheiben, einen zwischen den Scheiben im Randbereich der Scheiben umlaufend angeordneten erfindungsgemäßen Abstandshalter, ein Dichtmittel und eine äußere Versiegelungsschicht. Dabei liegt eine erste Scheibe an der ersten Scheibenkontaktfläche des Abstandshalters an und eine zweite Scheibe an der zweiten Scheibenkontaktfläche an. Zwischen der ersten Scheibe und der ersten Scheibenkontaktfläche und der zweiten Scheibe und der zweiten Scheibenkontaktfläche ist ein Dichtmittel angebracht. Die beiden Scheibe ragen über den Abstandshalter hinaus, so dass ein umlaufender Randbereich entsteht, der mit einer äußeren Versiegelungsschicht, bevorzugt einer plastischen Abdichtmasse, verfüllt ist. Der Randraum liegt dem inneren Scheibenzwischenraum gegenüber und wird durch die beiden Scheiben und den Abstandshalter begrenzt. Die äußere Versiegelungsschicht steht in Kontakt mit der Isolationsfolie des erfindungsgemäßen Abstandshalters. Die äußere Versiegelungsschicht enthält bevorzugt Polymere oder silanmodifizierte Polymere, besonders bevorzugt Polysulfide, Silikone, RTV (raumtemperturvernetzenden)-Silikonkautschuk, HTV-(hochtemperturvernetzenden) Silikonkautschuk, peroxidischvernetzten-Silikonkautschuk und/oder additionsvernetzten-Silikonkautschuk, Polyurethane, Buthylkautschuk und/oder Polyacrylate. Die Scheiben enthalten Materialien wie Glas und/oder transparente Polymere. Die Scheiben weisen bevorzugt eine optische Transparenz von > 85 % auf. Grundsätzlich sind verschiedene Geometrien der Scheiben möglich, beispielsweise rechteckige, trapezförmige und abgerundete Geometrien. Die Scheiben weisen bevorzugt eine Wärmeschutzbeschichtung auf. Die Wärmeschutzbeschichtung enthält bevorzugt Silber. Um Energieeinsparmöglichkeiten ausschöpfen zu können, kann die Isolierverglasung mit einem Edelgas, vorzugsweise Argon oder Krypton befüllt werden, die den Wärmeübergangswert im Isolierverglasungszwischenraum reduzieren.The invention further comprises an insulating glazing comprising at least two panes, one circulating between the panes in the edge region of the panes arranged spacers according to the invention, a sealing means and an outer sealing layer. In this case, a first disk is applied to the first disk contact surface of the spacer and a second disk to the second disk contact surface. Between the first disc and the first disc contact surface and the second disc and the second disc contact surface sealing means is mounted. The two discs protrude beyond the spacer, so that a circumferential edge region is created, which is filled with an outer sealing layer, preferably a plastic sealing compound. The marginal space lies opposite the inner space between the panes and is limited by the two panes and the spacers. The outer sealing layer is in contact with the insulating film of the spacer according to the invention. The outer sealing layer preferably contains polymers or silane-modified polymers, particularly preferably polysulfides, silicones, RTV (room temperature curing) silicone rubber, HTV (high temperature cure) silicone rubber, peroxidically crosslinked silicone rubber and / or addition-crosslinked silicone rubber, polyurethanes, butyl rubber and / or polyacrylates. The discs contain materials such as glass and / or transparent polymers. The discs preferably have an optical transparency of> 85%. In principle, different geometries of the disks are possible, for example rectangular, trapezoidal and rounded geometries. The discs preferably have a heat-resistant coating. The thermal barrier coating preferably contains silver. In order to be able to exploit energy saving options, the insulating glazing can be filled with a noble gas, preferably argon or krypton, which reduce the heat transfer value in the insulating glazing gap.

Die Erfindung umfasst weiterhin ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Abstandshalters umfassend die Schritte

  • Extrusion des polymeren Grundkörpers,
  • Herstellung der Isolationsfolie durch
    1. a) Aufbringen der metallhaltigen Dünnschicht auf der polymeren Schicht durch einen PVD-Prozess (physikalische Gasphasenabscheidung)
    2. b) Laminieren des erhaltenen Schichtaufbaus mit der metallhaltigen Barriereschicht und
  • Anbringung der Isolationsfolie auf dem polymeren Grundkörper.
The invention further comprises a process for producing a spacer according to the invention comprising the steps
  • Extrusion of the polymeric base body,
  • Production of the insulation film by
    1. a) application of the metal-containing thin film on the polymeric layer by a PVD process (physical vapor deposition)
    2. b) laminating the resulting layer structure with the metal-containing barrier layer and
  • Attaching the insulation film on the polymer body.

Der polymere Grundkörper wird durch Extrusion hergestellt. In einem weiteren Schritt wird die Isolationsfolie hergestellt. Zunächst wird dazu eine polymere Folie in einem PVD-Prozess metallisiert. Dadurch erhält man den für die Isolationsfolie benötigten Aufbau aus polymerer Schicht und metallhaltiger Dünnschicht. Dieser Prozess wird für die Herstellung von Folien in der Verpackungsindustrie bereits im großen Maßstab angewendet, sodass der Schichtaufbau aus polymerer Schicht und metallhaltiger Dünnschicht kostengünstig hergestellt werden kann. In einem weiteren Schritt wird die metallisierte polymere Schicht mit der metallhaltigen Barriereschicht laminiert. Dazu wird eine dünne Metallfolie (entspricht der metallhaltigen Barriereschicht) mit der vorbereiteten metallisierten polymeren Schicht durch Lamination verbunden.
Die metallhaltige Barriereschicht kann sowohl auf der polymeren Schicht als auch auf der metallhaltigen Dünnschicht angebracht werden. Im ersten Fall liegt die metallhaltige Dünnschicht in der fertigen Isolationsfolie außen und kann so nach dem Anbringen auf dem Abstandhalter auch als Haftvermittler zum Material der äußeren Versiegelung dienen. Im zweiten Fall liegt die metallhaltige Dünnschicht innen und ist so vor Beschädigungen geschützt.
Die Isolationsfolie wird bevorzugt über einen Kleber auf der Verklebungsfläche des polymeren Grundkörpers angebracht.The polymeric body is produced by extrusion. In a further step, the insulation film is produced. First, it becomes a polymeric film in a PVD process metallized. This gives the structure required for the insulating film of polymeric layer and metal-containing thin film. This process is already widely used for the production of films in the packaging industry, so that the layer structure of polymeric layer and metal-containing thin film can be produced inexpensively. In a further step, the metallized polymeric layer is laminated with the metal-containing barrier layer. For this purpose, a thin metal foil (corresponding to the metal-containing barrier layer) is connected to the prepared metallized polymeric layer by lamination.
The metal-containing barrier layer can be applied to both the polymeric layer and the metal-containing thin film. In the first case, the metal-containing thin layer in the finished insulation film is outside and can thus serve as a bonding agent to the material of the outer seal after mounting on the spacer. In the second case, the metal-containing thin film lies inside and is thus protected against damage.
The insulating film is preferably attached via an adhesive to the bonding surface of the polymeric base body.

Die Erfindung umfasst weiterhin die Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Abstandshalters in Mehrfachverglasungen, bevorzugt in Isolierverglasungen.The invention further comprises the use of a spacer according to the invention in multiple glazings, preferably in insulating glazings.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung ist eine rein schematische Darstellung und nicht maßstabsgetreu. Sie schränkt die Erfindung in keiner Weise ein. Die Zeichnung zeigt in:

Figur 1
einen Querschnitt des erfindungsgemäßen Abstandshalters,
Figur 2
einen Querschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Isolierverglasung,
Figur 3
einen Querschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsfolie und
Figur 4
einen Querschnitt einer alternativen Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsfolie,
Figur 5
einen Querschnitt einer alternativen Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsfolie,
Figur 6
einen Querschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Abstandhalters.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. The drawing is a purely schematic representation and not to scale. It does not limit the invention in any way. The drawing shows in:
FIG. 1
a cross section of the spacer according to the invention,
FIG. 2
a cross section of the insulating glazing according to the invention,
FIG. 3
a cross section of the insulating film according to the invention and
FIG. 4
a cross section of an alternative embodiment of the insulating film according to the invention,
FIG. 5
a cross section of an alternative embodiment of the insulating film according to the invention,
FIG. 6
a cross section of a spacer according to the invention.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Querschnitt des erfindungsgemäßen Abstandshalters 1. Der glasfaserverstärkte polymere Grundkörper 2 umfasst zwei parallel verlaufende Scheibenkontaktflächen 3.1 und 3.2, welche den Kontakt zu den Scheiben einer Isolierverglasung herstellen. Die Scheibenkontaktflächen 3.1 und 3.2 sind über eine äußere Verklebungsfläche 5 und eine Verglasungsinnenraumfläche 4 verbunden. Zwischen der Verklebungsfläche 5 und den Scheibenkontaktflächen 3.1 und 3.2 sind bevorzugt zwei gewinkelte Verbindungsflächen 6.1 und 6.2 angeordnet. Die Verbindungsflächen 6.1, 6.2 verlaufen bevorzugt in einem Winkel (Alfa) von 30° bis 60° zur Verklebungsfläche 5. Der glasfaserverstärkte polymere Grundkörper 2 enthält bevorzugt Styrol-Acryl-Nitril (SAN) und etwa 35 Gew.-% Glasfaser. Die abgewinkelte Form der ersten Verbindungsfläche 6.1 und der zweiten Verbindungsfläche 6.2 verbessert die Stabilität des glasfaserverstärkten polymeren Grundkörpers 2 und ermöglicht wie in Figur 2 gezeigt eine bessere Verklebung und Isolierung des erfindungsgemäßen Abstandshalters. Der Grundkörper weist einen Hohlraum 8 auf und die Wandstärke des polymeren Grundkörpers 2 beträgt zum Beispiel 1 mm. Die Breite b (siehe Figur 5) des polymeren Grundkörpers 2 entlang der Verglasungsinnenraumfläche 4 beträgt zum Beispiel 12 mm. Die Gesamthöhe des polymeren Grundkörpers beträgt 6,5 mm. Auf der Verklebungsfläche 5 ist eine Isolationsfolie 10 angebracht, welche mindestens eine in Figur 3 gezeigte metallhaltige Barriereschicht 12, eine polymere Schicht 13 sowie eine metallhaltige Dünnschicht 14 umfasst. Der gesamte erfindungsgemäße Abstandshalter weist eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit von kleiner als 10 W/(m K) und eine Gaspermeation von kleiner 0,001 g/(m2 h) auf. Der erfindungsgemäße Abstandshalter verbessert die Isolationswirkung. FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the spacer 1 according to the invention. The glass-fiber-reinforced polymeric base body 2 comprises two parallel disc contact surfaces 3.1 and 3.2, which make contact with the discs of a Produce insulating glazing. The disc contact surfaces 3.1 and 3.2 are connected via an outer bonding surface 5 and a glazing inner surface 4. Between the bonding surface 5 and the disk contact surfaces 3.1 and 3.2, two angled connecting surfaces 6.1 and 6.2 are preferably arranged. The connecting surfaces 6.1, 6.2 preferably extend at an angle (Alfa) of 30 ° to 60 ° to the bonding surface 5. The glass-fiber-reinforced polymeric base body 2 preferably contains styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) and about 35% by weight of glass fiber. The angled shape of the first connection surface 6.1 and the second connection surface 6.2 improves the stability of the glass fiber reinforced polymer base body 2 and allows as in FIG. 2 shown a better bonding and isolation of the spacer according to the invention. The main body has a cavity 8 and the wall thickness of the polymeric base body 2 is for example 1 mm. The width b (see FIG. 5 ) of the polymeric base body 2 along the glazing inner surface 4 is 12 mm, for example. The total height of the polymer body is 6.5 mm. On the bonding surface 5, an insulating film 10 is attached, which at least one in FIG. 3 shown metal-containing barrier layer 12, a polymeric layer 13 and a metal-containing thin film 14 includes. The entire spacer according to the invention has a thermal conductivity of less than 10 W / (m K) and a gas permeation of less than 0.001 g / (m 2 h). The spacer according to the invention improves the insulation effect.

Figur 2 zeigt einen Querschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Isolierverglasung mit dem Abstandshalter 1 beschrieben in Figur 1. Zwischen einer ersten Isolierglasscheibe 15 und einer zweiten Isolierglasscheibe 16 ist der glasfaserverstärkte polymere Grundkörper 2 mit der darauf befestigten Isolationsfolie 10 angeordnet. Die Isolationsfolie 10 ist auf der Verklebungsfläche 5, der ersten Verbindungsfläche 6.1 und der zweiten Verbindungsfläche 6.2 und auf einem Teil der Scheibenkontaktflächen angeordnet. Die erste Scheibe 15, die zweite Scheibe 16 und die Isolationsfolie 10 begrenzen den äußeren Randraum
20 der Isolierverglasung. Im äußeren Randraum 20 ist die äußere Versiegelungsschicht 17, die zum Beispiel Polysulfid enthält angeordnet. Die Isolationsfolie 10 isoliert zusammen mit der äußeren Versiegelungsschicht 17 den Scheibeninnenraum 19 und vermindert den Wärmeübergang vom glasfaserverstärkten polymeren Grundkörper 2 in den Scheibeninnenraum 19. Die Isolationsfolie kann beispielsweise mit PUR-Hotmeltkleber auf dem polymeren Grundkörper 2 befestigt werden. Zwischen den Scheibenkontaktflächen 3.1, 3.2 und den Isolierglasscheiben 15, 16 ist bevorzugt ein Dichtmittel 18 angeordnet. Dies enthält zum Beispiel Butyl. Das Dichtmittel 18 überlappt mit der Isolationsfolie, um mögliche Grenzflächendiffusion zu verhindern. Die erste Isolierglasscheibe 15 und die zweite Isolierglasscheibe 16 weisen bevorzugt dieselben Abmessungen und Dicken auf. Die Scheiben weisen bevorzugt eine optische Transparenz von > 85 % auf. Die Isolierglasscheiben 15,16 enthalten bevorzugt Glas und/oder Polymere, bevorzugt Flachglas, Floatglas, Quarzglas, Borosilikatglas, Kalk-Natron-Glas, Polymethylmethacrylat und/oder Gemische davon. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform können die erste Isolierglasscheibe 15 und/oder die zweite Isolierglasscheibe 16 als Verbundglasscheibe ausgebildet sein. Die erfindungsgemäße Isolierverglasung bildet in diesem Fall eine Dreifach- oder Vierfachverglasung. Innerhalb des glasfaserverstärkten polymeren Grundkörpers 2 ist ein Trockenmittel 9, zum Beispiel Molsieb, innerhalb des zentralen Hohlraums 8 angeordnet. Dieses Trockenmittel 9 kann in den Hohlraum 8 des Abstandshalters 1 vor dem Zusammenbau der Isolierverglasung eingefüllt werden. Die Verglasungsinnenraumfläche 4 umfasst kleinere Öffnungen 7 oder Poren, die einen Gasaustausch mit dem Scheibeninnenraum 19 ermöglichen. FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the insulating glazing according to the invention with the spacer 1 described in FIG. 1 , Between a first insulating glass pane 15 and a second insulating glass pane 16, the glass-fiber-reinforced polymeric basic body 2 with the insulating film 10 fastened thereon is arranged. The insulating film 10 is arranged on the bonding surface 5, the first connection surface 6.1 and the second connection surface 6.2 and on a part of the disk contact surfaces. The first disk 15, the second disk 16 and the insulating film 10 define the outer edge space
20 of the insulating glazing. In the outer edge space 20, the outer sealing layer 17, which contains, for example polysulfide arranged. The insulating film 10, together with the outer sealing layer 17, insulates the interior of the pane 19 and reduces the heat transfer from the glass-fiber-reinforced polymer base 2 into the pane interior 19. The insulating film can be fixed to the polymer base 2 with PUR hot-melt adhesive, for example. Between the disc contact surfaces 3.1, 3.2 and the insulating glass panes 15, 16, a sealing means 18 is preferably arranged. This contains, for example, butyl. The sealant 18 overlaps with the insulating film to prevent potential interfacial diffusion. The first insulating glass pane 15 and the second Insulating glass pane 16 preferably have the same dimensions and thicknesses. The discs preferably have an optical transparency of> 85%. The insulating glass panes 15, 16 preferably contain glass and / or polymers, preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda lime glass, polymethyl methacrylate and / or mixtures thereof. In an alternative embodiment, the first insulating glass pane 15 and / or the second insulating glass pane 16 may be formed as a laminated glass pane. The insulating glazing invention forms in this case a triple or quadruple glazing. Within the glass-fiber-reinforced polymer base body 2, a desiccant 9, for example molecular sieve, is arranged within the central cavity 8. This desiccant 9 can be filled in the cavity 8 of the spacer 1 prior to assembly of the glazing. The glazing interior surface 4 comprises smaller openings 7 or pores, which allow a gas exchange with the disk interior 19.

Figur 3 zeigt einen Querschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsfolie 10. Die Isolationsfolie 10 umfasst eine metallhaltige Barriereschicht 12 aus 7 µm dickem Aluminium, eine polymere Schicht aus 12 µm dickem Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) und eine metallhaltige Dünnschicht aus 10 nm dickem Aluminium. Polyethylenterephthalat ist besonders geeignet, um die 7 µm dicke Aluminiumschicht vor mechanischer Beschädigung zu schützen, da PET-Folien sich durch eine besonders hohe Reißfestigkeit auszeichnen. Die Folienschichten sind so angeordnet, dass die Aluminiumschichten, das heißt die metallhaltige Barriereschicht 12 und die metallhaltige Dünnschicht 14, außen liegen. Die Folie wird auf einem erfindungsgemäßen polymeren Grundkörper so angeordnet, dass die metallhaltige Barriereschicht 12 zur Verklebungsfläche 5 zeigt. Dann zeigt die metallhaltige Dünnschicht 14 nach außen und wirkt zugleich als Haftschicht gegenüber dem Material der äußeren Versiegelungsschicht 17. So erfüllt die metallhaltige Dünnschicht 14 nicht nur eine Barrierewirkung sondern auch die Aufgabe eines Haftvermittlers. Durch geschickte Anordnung eines einfach herzustellenden Folienaufbaus kann somit ein effektiver Abstandhalter erhalten werden.
Der Aufbau der erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsfolie 10 senkt die Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Isolationsfolie im Vergleich zu den Isolationsfolien, die ausschließlich aus einer Aluminiumfolie bestehen, da die Dicken der metallhaltigen Schichten der erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsfolie 10 geringer sind. Isolationsfolien, die nur aus einer Aluminiumfolie bestehen müssen dicker sein, da Aluminiumfolien mit Dicken unter 0,1 mm hochempfindlich sind gegenüber mechanischen Beschädigungen, die zum Beispiel während des automatisierten Einbaus in eine Isolierverglasung auftreten können. Ein mit der genannten erfindungs-gemäßen Isolationsfolie 10 und dem glasfaserverstärkten polymeren Grundkörper 2 versehener Abstandshalter 1 weist eine thermische Wärmeleitfähigkeit von 0,29 W/(m K) auf. Ein Abstandshalter nach dem Stand der Technik, bei dem die erfindungsgemäße Isolationsfolie 10 durch eine 30 µm dicke Aluminiumschicht ersetzt ist, weist eine thermische Wärmeleitfähigkeit von 0,63 W/(m K) auf. Dieser Vergleich zeigt, dass mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau des Abstandshalters aus polymerem Grundkörper und Isolationsfolie trotz insgesamt geringerem Metallgehalt eine höhere mechanische Beständigkeit und eine gleichwertige Dichtigkeit (gegenüber Gas- und Feuchtigkeitsdiffusion) bei gleichzeitig niedrigerer Wärmeleitfähigkeit erzielt werden kann, was deutlich die Effizienz einer Isolierverglasung erhöht. FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the insulating film 10 of the invention. The insulating film 10 comprises a metal-containing barrier layer 12 of 7 microns thick aluminum, a polymeric layer of 12 micron thick polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and a metal-containing thin film of 10 nm thick aluminum. Polyethylene terephthalate is particularly suitable to protect the 7 micron thick aluminum layer from mechanical damage, since PET films are characterized by a particularly high tensile strength. The film layers are arranged so that the aluminum layers, that is, the metal-containing barrier layer 12 and the metal-containing thin film 14, are on the outside. The film is arranged on a polymeric base body according to the invention so that the metal-containing barrier layer 12 faces the bonding surface 5. Then, the metal-containing thin film 14 faces outward and at the same time acts as an adhesive layer against the material of the outer sealing layer 17. Thus, the metal-containing thin film 14 not only performs a barrier effect but also the function of a bonding agent. By skillful arrangement of an easily manufactured film structure thus an effective spacer can be obtained.
The structure of the insulating film 10 according to the invention lowers the thermal conductivity of the insulating film in comparison to the insulating films, which consist exclusively of an aluminum foil, since the thicknesses of the metal-containing layers of the insulating film 10 according to the invention are lower. Insulation foils consisting only of aluminum foil must be thicker, since aluminum foils with thicknesses below 0.1 mm are highly sensitive to mechanical damage, which may occur, for example, during automated installation in insulating glazing. A with said inventive insulating film 10 and the glass fiber reinforced polymer Base 2 provided spacer 1 has a thermal thermal conductivity of 0.29 W / (m K). A spacer according to the prior art, in which the insulating film 10 of the invention is replaced by a 30 micron thick aluminum layer, has a thermal thermal conductivity of 0.63 W / (m K). This comparison shows that with the inventive structure of the spacer made of polymeric body and insulating film despite lower overall metal content a higher mechanical resistance and an equivalent tightness (compared to gas and moisture diffusion) can be achieved with lower thermal conductivity, which significantly increases the efficiency of a double glazing ,

Figur 4 zeigt einen Querschnitt einer alternativen Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsfolie. Die Materialien und Dicken sind wie in Figur 3 beschrieben, allerdings unterscheidet sich die Reihenfolge der einzelnen Schichten. Die metallhaltige Dünnschicht 14 liegt zwischen der metallhaltigen Barriereschicht 12 und der polymeren Schicht 13. In dieser Anordnung wird die metallhaltige Barriereschicht 12 durch die polymere Schicht 13 vor Beschädigung geschützt, wodurch eine uneingeschränkte Barrierewirkung sichergestellt wird. FIG. 4 shows a cross section of an alternative embodiment of the insulating film according to the invention. The materials and thicknesses are as in FIG. 3 However, the order of the individual layers differs. The metal-containing thin film 14 lies between the metal-containing barrier layer 12 and the polymeric layer 13. In this arrangement, the metal-containing barrier layer 12 is protected from damage by the polymeric layer 13, thereby ensuring an unrestricted barrier effect.

Figur 5 zeigt einen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsfolie. Der Aufbau der Isolationsfolie 10 ist im Wesentlichen wie in Figur 4 beschrieben. Zusätzlich ist angrenzend an die polymere Schicht 13 eine weitere metallhaltige Dünnschicht 14 angeordnet. Diese Dünnschicht 14 verbessert insbesondere die Haftung zum Material der äußeren Versiegelungsschicht 17 in der fertigen Isolierverglasung. FIG. 5 shows a cross section of another embodiment of the insulating film according to the invention. The structure of the insulating film 10 is substantially as in FIG. 4 described. In addition, adjacent to the polymeric layer 13, another metal-containing thin film 14 is disposed. This thin film 14 in particular improves the adhesion to the material of the outer sealing layer 17 in the finished insulating glazing.

Figur 6 zeigt einen Querschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Abstandhalters umfassend einen glasfaserverstärkten polymeren Grundkörper 2 und eine Isolationsfolie 10, die auf der Verklebungsfläche 5, den Verbindungsflächen 6.1. und 6.2 sowie auf etwa zwei Dritteln der Scheibenkontakflächen 3.1 und 3.2 angebracht ist. Die Breite b des polymeren Grundkörpers entlang der Vergasungsinnenraumfläche 4 beträgt 12 mm und die Gesamthöhe g des polymeren Grundkörpers 2 beträgt 6,5 mm. Der Aufbau der Isolationsfolie 10 ist wie in Figur 3 gezeigt. Die Isolationsfolie 10 ist über einen Kleber 11, in diesem Fall ein Polyurethan-Schmelzkleber angebracht. Der Polyurethan-Schmelzkleber verklebt die zur Verklebungsfläche 5 weisende metallhaltige Barriereschicht 12 besonders gut mit dem polymeren Grundkörper 2. Es handelt sich bei dem Polyurethan-Schmelzkleber um einen nichtgasenden Klebestoff, um zu vermeiden, dass Gase in den Scheibeninnenraum 19 diffundieren und es dort zur Bildung von sichtbaren Niederschlägen kommt. FIG. 6 shows a cross section of a spacer according to the invention comprising a glass fiber reinforced polymer base body 2 and an insulating film 10, on the bonding surface 5, the connecting surfaces 6.1. and 6.2 and about two thirds of the disc contact surfaces 3.1 and 3.2 is attached. The width b of the polymeric base body along the gasification inner surface 4 is 12 mm and the total height g of the polymeric base body 2 is 6.5 mm. The structure of the insulating film 10 is as in FIG. 3 shown. The insulating film 10 is attached via an adhesive 11, in this case a polyurethane hot melt adhesive. The polyurethane hot melt glues the metal-containing barrier layer 12 pointing to the bonding surface 5 particularly well with the polymeric base body 2. The polyurethane hot melt adhesive is one non-gaseous adhesive to prevent gases from diffusing into the disc interior 19 and causing the formation of visible precipitates.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

(1)(1)
Abstandshalterspacer
(2)(2)
polymerer Grundkörperpolymeric body
(3.1)(3.1)
erste Scheibenkontaktflächefirst disc contact surface
(3.2)(3.2)
zweite Scheibenkontaktflächesecond disc contact surface
(4)(4)
VerglasungsinnenraumflächeGlazing interior surface
(5)(5)
Verklebungsflächebond area
(6.1)(6.1)
erste Verbindungsflächefirst connection surface
(6.2)(6.2)
zweite Verbindungsflächesecond interface
(7)(7)
Öffnungenopenings
(8)(8th)
Hohlraumcavity
(9)(9)
Trockenmitteldesiccant
(10)(10)
Isolationsfolieinsulation blanket
(11)(11)
KleberGlue
(12)(12)
metallhaltige Barriereschichtmetal-containing barrier layer
(13)(13)
polymere Schichtpolymeric layer
(14)(14)
metallhaltige Dünnschichtmetal-containing thin film
(15)(15)
erste Scheibefirst disc
(16)(16)
zweite Scheibesecond disc
(17)(17)
äußere Versiegelungsschichtouter sealing layer
(18)(18)
Dichtmittelsealant
(19)(19)
ScheibeninnenraumDisc interior
(20)(20)
äußerer Randraum der Isolierverglasungouter edge space of the insulating glazing
hH
Höhe der ScheibenkontaktflächenHeight of the disc contact surfaces
bb
Breite des polymeren Grundkörpers entlang der VerglasungsinnenraumflächeWidth of the polymer body along the glazed interior surface
gG
Gesamthöhe des Grundkörpers entlang der ScheibenkontaktflächenTotal height of the body along the disc contact surfaces

Claims (15)

  1. Spacer (1) for multipane insulating glazing units, comprising at least:
    a polymeric main body (2) comprising two pane contact surfaces (3.1, 3.2) running parallel to one another, a glazing interior surface (4), an adhesive bonding surface (5), wherein the pane contact surfaces (3.1, 3.2) and the adhesive bonding surface (5) are connected to one another directly or via connection surfaces (6.1, 6.2), and an insulation film (10), which is applied at least on the adhesive bonding surface (5), wherein the insulation film (10) has a metal-containing barrier layer (12) with a thickness of 1 µm to 20 µm facing the adhesive bonding surface (5), and the insulation film (10) comprises a polymeric layer (13) with a thickness of 5 µm to 80 µm and a metal-containing thin layer (14) with a thickness of 5 nm to 30 nm adjacent the polymeric layer (13).
  2. Spacer (1) according to claim 1, wherein the insulation film (10) consists of the metal-containing barrier layer (12), the polymeric layer (13), and the metal-containing thin layer (14).
  3. Spacer (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal-containing thin layer (14) is on the outside, such that the layer sequence in the insulation film (10), starting from the adhesive bonding surface (5), is metal-containing barrier layer (12) - polymeric layer (13) - metal-containing thin layer (14).
  4. Spacer (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polymeric layer (13) is on the outside, such that the layer sequence in the insulation film (10), starting from the adhesive bonding surface (5), is metal-containing barrier layer (12) - metal-containing thin layer (14) - polymeric layer (13).
  5. Spacer (1) according to one of claims 1 through 4, wherein the insulation film (10) completely covers the adhesive bonding surface (5) and the connection surfaces (6.1, 6.2) and partially covers the pane contact surfaces (3.1, 3.2).
  6. Spacer (1) according to one of claims 1 through 5, wherein the metal-containing barrier layer (12) contains aluminum, silver, copper, and/or alloys thereof.
  7. Spacer (1) according to one of claims 1 through 6, wherein the metal-containing barrier layer (12) has a thickness of 5 µm to 10 µm, preferably of 6 µm to 9 µm.
  8. Spacer (1) according to one of claims 1 through 7, wherein the metal-containing thin layer (14) has a thickness of 10 nm to 20 nm, preferably 14 nm to 16 nm.
  9. Spacer (1) according to one of claims 1 through 8, wherein the insulation film (10) is bonded to the adhesive bonding surface (5) via a polyurethane hot-melt adhesive (11).
  10. Spacer (1) according to one of claims 1 through 9, wherein the polymeric layer (13) has a thickness of 5 µm to 24 µm, preferably of 12 µm.
  11. Spacer (1) according to one of claims 1 through 10, wherein the polymeric main body (2) contains polyethylene (PE), polycarbonates (PC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, polyester, polyurethanes, polymethylmethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), preferably acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylester (ASA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene - polycarbonate (ABS/PC), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), PET/PC, PBT/PC, and/or copolymers or mixtures thereof.
  12. Spacer (1) according to one of claims 1 through 11, wherein the polymeric main body (2) is glass fiber reinforced.
  13. Insulating glazing unit comprising at least two panes (15, 16), a spacer (1) according to one of claims 1 through 12 arranged peripherally between the panes (15, 16) in the edge region of the panes (15, 16), a sealant (18), and an outer sealing layer (17), wherein
    - the first pane (15) lies flat against the first pane contact surface (3.1),
    - the second pane (16) lies flat against the second pane contact surface (3.2),
    - the sealant (18) is placed between the first pane (15) and the first pane contact surface (3.1) and between the second pane (16) and the second pane contact surface (3.2), and
    - the outer sealing layer (17) is placed between the first pane (15) and the second pane (16) in the outer edge space (20) adjacent the insulation film (10).
  14. Method for producing a spacer (1) according to one of claims 1 through 12, wherein at least
    - the polymeric main body (2) is extruded,
    - the insulation film (10) is produced, by at least
    a) providing a polymeric layer (13) using a PVD process (physical vapor deposition) with a metal-containing thin layer (14) and
    b) laminating the layer structure obtained with the metal-containing barrier layer (12), and
    - the insulation film (10) is applied on the polymeric main body (2).
  15. Use of a spacer (1) according to one of claims 1 through 12 in multipane glazing units, preferably in insulating glazing units.
EP15771064.1A 2014-09-25 2015-09-18 Spacer for insulating glazing Active EP3198101B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18188188.9A EP3421709B2 (en) 2014-09-25 2015-09-18 Spacer for insulating glazing
PL15771064T PL3198101T3 (en) 2014-09-25 2015-09-18 Spacer for insulating glazing

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14186342 2014-09-25
PCT/EP2015/071452 WO2016046081A1 (en) 2014-09-25 2015-09-18 Spacer for insulating glazing units

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18188188.9A Division EP3421709B2 (en) 2014-09-25 2015-09-18 Spacer for insulating glazing

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3198101A1 EP3198101A1 (en) 2017-08-02
EP3198101B1 true EP3198101B1 (en) 2018-08-15

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EP18188188.9A Active EP3421709B2 (en) 2014-09-25 2015-09-18 Spacer for insulating glazing

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US (1) US10626663B2 (en)
EP (2) EP3198101B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6479172B2 (en)
KR (2) KR20170047298A (en)
CN (1) CN106715819B (en)
AU (1) AU2015321001B2 (en)
BR (1) BR112017003684B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2958613C (en)
DK (1) DK3198101T3 (en)
MX (1) MX2017003876A (en)
PL (1) PL3198101T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2643977C1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016046081A1 (en)

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CA2958613A1 (en) 2016-03-31
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EP3421709B1 (en) 2020-01-29
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WO2016046081A1 (en) 2016-03-31
RU2643977C1 (en) 2018-02-06
CN106715819B (en) 2019-08-13

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