Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/12—Antidiarrhoeals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
  • A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
  • A61K2039/106—Vibrio; Campylobacter; Not used, see subgroups
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
  • A61K2039/55505—Inorganic adjuvants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K2039/60—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characteristics by the carrier linked to the antigen
  • A61K2039/6087—Polysaccharides; Lipopolysaccharides [LPS]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
  • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

• the inventive subject matter relates to an immunogenic composition capable of conferring protection against diarrhea caused by Campylobacter jejuni and a method of inducing an immune response against C. jejuni using the immunogenic composition.
• Campylobacter jejuni is estimated to cause 2.5 million cases annually in the United States and >400 million cases worldwide.
• C. jejuni is, like ETEC, primarily a pediatric disease.
• the symptoms of Campylobacter enteritis include diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever and sometimes vomiting.
• Stools usually contain Attny Docket 102885PCT mucus, fecal leukocytes and blood, although watery diarrhea is also observed.
• the disease is zoonotic, and wild and domesticated birds represent a major reservoir.
• C. jejuni is a major foodborne infection, most often being associated with contaminated poultry, but major outbreaks have been associated with water or raw milk contamination (44).
• C. jejuni is a major foodborne infection, most often being associated with contaminated poultry, but major outbreaks have been associated with water or raw milk contamination (44).
• jejuni is also associated with Reiter's syndrome and inflammatory bowel syndrome, but the major complication of C. jejuni enteritis is Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), a post-infectious polyneuropathy that can result in paralysis (Alios, B.M., J. Infect. Dis 176 (Suppl 2):S125-128 (1997)).
• GRS Guillain-Barre Syndrome
• the association is due to molecular mimicry between the sialic acid containing-outer core of the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) and human gangliosides (Moran, et al., J. Endotox. Res. 3: 521 (1996)).
• LOS lipooligosaccharide
• human gangliosides oran, et al., J. Endotox. Res. 3: 521 (1996).
• C. jejuni capsular moieties are important in serodetermination.
• most Campylobacter diarrheal disease is caused by C. jejuni expressing only a limited number of serotypes. Therefore, only selected strains of C. jejuni, predicated on epidemiological studies, provides suitable candidate strains for development of vaccine compositions.
• LOS synthesis in Campylobacter is controlled by a number of genes, including genes encoding enzymes involved in biosynthesis of sialic acid for incorporation into LOS.
• C. jejuni is one of a limited number of bacteria that can endogenously synthesize sialic acid, a 9 carbon sugar that is found in many mammalian cells.
• This is Attny Docket 102885PCT consistent with the observed molecular mimicry of LOS and human gangliosides important in GBS (Aspinall, et al., Eur. J. Biochem., 213: 1029 (1993); Aspinall, et al., Infect. Immun. 62: 2122-2125 (1994); Aspinall, et al., Biochem., 33: 241 (1 94);
• Campylobacter genome sequence was the presence of a complete set of capsule transport genes similar to those seen in type II/III capsule loci in the Enterobactericeae (Parkhill et al., Nature, 403 : 665 (2000); Karlyshev et al., Mol. Microbiol., 35: 529 (2000)). Subsequent genetic studies in which site-specific mutations were made in several capsule transport genes indicated that the capsule was the serodeterminant of the Penner serotyping scheme (Karlyshev et al., Mol. Microbiol., 35: 529 (2000)).
• the Penner scheme (or HS for heat stable) is one of two major serotyping schemes of Campylobacters and was originally thought to be based on lipopolysaccharide O side chains (Moran and Penner, J. Appl. Microbiol., 86: 3 1 (1999)). Currently it is believed that the structures previously described as O side chains are, in fact, capsules.
• the inventive composition relates to an immunogenic composition comprising polysaccharide antigens comprising isolated capsule polysaccharides from a
• polysaccharides are isolated from lipooligosaccharide structures and other structures associated with Guillain Barre Syndrome or autoimmune disorders.
• the embodied composition comprises one or more polysaccharide antigens each comprising isolated
• Attny Docket 102885PCT polysaccharides from the C. jejuni strains selected from the group consisting of HS 1 , HS1 HS44, HS44, HS2, HS3, HS4, HS5, HS13, HS4/13/64, and HS50.
• Another embodiment is a method of inducing an immune response by
• an immunogenic composition comprising one or more polysaccharide antigens with each antigen comprising an isolated polysaccharides or polysaccharide polymer derived from a C. jejuni strain where the C. jejuni strains are selected from the group consisting of: HS1, HS1/HS44, HS44, HS, HS3, HS4, HS5, HS13, HS4/13/64, and HS50.
• the composition is devoid of lipooligosaccharide structures and other structures associated with Guillain Barre Syndrome or other autoimmune disorders.
• Another embodiment is a method of immunizing against C. jejuni strains HS4, HS13, HS4 13 64 and HS50 by administering one or more antigens, wherein each antigen comprises an isolated polysaccharide or polysaccharide polymers derived from a C. jejuni strain selected from the group consisting of HS4, HS13, HS4/13/64 and S50.
• Another embodiment is a method of immunizing against C. jejuni strains HS 1 , HS1/HS44, HS44 by adminisntering one or more antigens, wherein each antigen comprises an isolated polysaccharide or polysaccharide polymer derived from a C. jejuni strain selected from the group consisting of C. jejuni strains HS4, HS13, HS4/13/64.
• FIG. 1 Alignment of variable CPS loci from C. jejuni HS 1 and HS44 Penner type strains. Genes are as indicated in the figure and include: methyl phosphoramidate (MeOPN) biosynthesis and transferase; CPS transport and assembly; putative methyl
• FIG. 2 Structure of HS1 teichoic acid-like capsule.
• FIG. 3. 2D 'H- 3 I P HM C NMR spectrum of C. jejuni HS:l/44 teichoic acid CPS. This NMR spectrum shows the connections between the MeOPN moieties and positions 3 of the Fru units, and between the diester-phosphate and position 4 of Gal and position 1 of Gro.
• FIG. 4 GC-MS and NMR of C. jejuni HS44 CPS material.
• A GC-MS profile of the alditol acetate derivatives from the two CPSs of C. jejuni S44, showing (i) the backbone units of the teichoic acid CPS, glycerol (Gro) and galactose (Gal), and (ii) those emanating from the second heptose-rich CPS, 6-deoxy-3-0-Methyl-a/tro-heptose (6d-3- O-Me-fl/iro-Hep), 6-deoxy-a.
• FIG. 5 Characterization of mutants in the HS1 CPS locus.
• A Alcian blue stained 12.5% SDS PAGE of crude CPS preparations. Lane 1, Precision Plus protein standards; lane 2, HS1 wildtype; lane 3, HS1 1.08 mutant; lane 4, HS1 1.08 mutant complemented; lane 5, HS1 1.09 mutant; lane 6, HS1 1.09 mutant complemented; lane 7, HS1 wildtype.
• B 3I P NMR of CPS from HS1.08 complement;
• C 31 P NMR of CPS from HS1.09 complement;
• D 3, P NMR of CPS from HS1 wildtype.
• FIG. 6. The GC-MS profile of the alditol acetate derivatives of C. jejuni CG2995 CPS.
• FIG. 7. The ⁇ NMR spectrum of C. jejuni CG2995 CPS.
• FIG. 8 (A) The 2D 1H- I3 C HSQC NMR spectrum of C. jejuni CG2995 CPS; (B) The
• FIG. 9 The 31 P NMR spectrum of C. jejuni CG2995 CPS.
• FIG. 10 The 2D ⁇ - 3 ⁇ ⁇ HMBC NMR spectrum of C. jejuni CG2995 CPS.
• FIG. 11 Structure of HS5 CPS showing four variations: i) The main PS structure of C. jejuni CG2995, ii) variation 1, iii) variation 2, and iv) variation 3.
• FIG. 12 The GC-MS profile (top) of the alditol acetate derivatives of C. jejuni CG2995
• FIG. 13 TEMPO oxidation that shows a reduction in abundance of the 3,6-dideoxy-n ?o- heptose, indicating that its C-7 primary hydroxyl (free of MeOPN) is the site of preferred oxidation in this CPS, and that which will be mostly involved in the conjugation of C. jejuni CG2995 CPS to carrier protein CRM 197.
• FIG. 14 Characterization of the HS1 conjugate vaccine.
• A 31 P NMR of HSl C ps- CRM197 conjugate vaccine showing the presence of MeOPN in the conjugate CPS.
• B Gel code blue stained 12% SDS-PAGE gel. Lane 1, CRM197; lane 2, S1-CRM
• FIG. 15. NMR of HS:13 CPS.
• A ID 1H NMR; and
• B ID 3, P NMR spectra of C. jejuni 3019 CPS (serotype HS:13).
• FIG. 16 Linkage determination of MeOPN group by NMR. 2D ⁇ - 3 ⁇ ⁇ HMBC NMR spectrum of C. jejuni BH-01-0142 CPS ( ⁇ ': 1,2,3-linked 6d-ido-Uep/ D-ido-Uep with C residue; C: MeOPN).
• FIG. 17 NMR analysis showing that non-sugar moiety was 3 -hydroxypropanoyl.
• A 2D 'H- 13 C HMBC NMR spectrum of C. jejuni BH-01-0142 CPS ( ⁇ ': 1,3,4-linked Gal with residue D;
• B D: 3-hydroxypropanoyl group.
• FIG. 18 Immunogenicity of HSI-CRM197 conjugate in mice.
• FIG. 19 Immune response to HS5-CRM
• FIG. 20 HO 142 (HS3) conjugate vaccine is immunogenic in mice. Data represent the mean ( ⁇ SEM) reciprocal IgG endpoint titer per treatment group.
• FIG. 21 Dot blot demonstrating immunogenicity of an HS1-CRM197 vaccine.
• Purified capsules (1 mg/ml) were dot blotted in triplicate (2 ul each) to nitrocellulose and immunodetected with rabbit polyclonal antiserum to an HS1-CRM1 7 vaccine.
• polysaccharide antigen refers to a capsule
• each polysaccharide antigen comprises a polysaccharide or Attny Docket 102885PCT polysaccharide polymer derived from one C. jejuni strain.
• the inventive composition can be comprised of multiple polysaccharide antigens.
• polysaccharide refers to two or more monosaccharide units composing a carbohydrate polymer molecule.
• a "polysaccharide polymer” refers to two or more polysaccharide molecules connected together.
• n in the polysaccharide structure refers to the number of polysaccharide repeats in the polymer and is 1 or more and can be up to 100.
• An embodiment of the current invention comprises polysaccharide antigens comprising a polysaccharide or polysaccharide polymer derived from the capsule of a C. jejuni strain.
• the strains from which the capsule polysaccharides are isolated are selected from the group consisting of HS1, HS1/HS44, HS44, HS2, HS3, HS4, HS5, HS13, HS4/13/64, and HS50.
• a capsule polysaccharide polymer comprises 1 to 100 copies of a polysaccharide structure, derived from an individual C. jejuni strain, connected together to form a polysaccharide polymer.
• the inventive immunogenic composition one or more polysaccharide antigens with each polysaccharide antigen comprising an isolated C. jejuni polysaccharide structure or polysaccharide polymer from a C. jejuni strain.
• the polysaccharides are isolated or purified away from lipooligosaccharide, or other structures associated with GBS or other autoimmune disorders.
• An embodiment of the current invention includes only capsule polysaccharides derived from C. jejuni strains, which have been shown to result in disease in humans.
• Vaccine strategies against C. jejuni have been largely limited due to the molecular mimicry between lipooligosaccharide (LOS ) cores of many strains of C. jejuni and human gangliosides (Moran, et al., J. Endotox. Res., 3: 521 (1996).
• This mimicry is thought to be a major factor in the strong association of C. jejuni infection with Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS), a post-infectious polyneuropathy (Alios, J. Infect. Dis.,
• HS1 complex is one of the most common, accounting for 8.2% of C. jejuni induced diarrhea worldwide ((Poly, et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 49: 1750 (2011); Pike, et al., plOs One 8: e67375 (2013)).
• This complex is composed of HS1 and HS44 types, and strains can serotype as HS 1 , HS44 or HS 1/44.
• the HS1 CPS backbone may be decorated by ⁇ -D-fructofuranoses (Fru) Attny Docket 102885PCT branches, at C-2 and C-3 of the Gal unit, which in turn may be decorated at C-3 with MeOPN (Fig. 1 ; (McNally, et al., FEBS J. 272: 4407 (2005)). Both the fructofuranose branches and MeOPN are found in non-stoichiometric amounts, presumably due to phase variation at homopolymeric tracts of bases in the genes encoding their respective transferases (McNally, et al., FEBS J. 272: 4407 (2005)).
• the HS1 type strain used was MSC57360 and the HS44 strain (ATCC 43463) was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC)(Manassas, VA).
• C. jejuni strain CG98-U-77 was isolated from a diarrhea case from Thailand and was obtained from the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS).
• C. jejuni strains were routinely cultured at 37°C under microaerobic conditions (5% 0 2 , 10°o CO2, and 85% N 2 ) on Mueller Hinton (MH) agar plates, supplemented with the appropriate antibiotic, if required.
• E. coli strains were grown in L media supplemented with the appropriate antibiotics.
• C. jejuni genomic DNA was extracted from 16 hour cultures. Sequencing of the CPS loci was performed as previously described (Karlyshev, et al., Mol. Microbiol. 55: 90 (2005); Poly, et al. J. Clin. Microbiol. 49: 1750 (2011); , Karlyshev, et al., Gene 522: 37 (2013)).
• the CPS was extracted from cells by hot water-phenol extraction for 2 hours at 70 °C.
• the aqueous layer was dialyzed (1000 Da) against water followed by
• the NMR experiments were performed on a Broker 400 MHz spectrometer (Bruker Corporation, Billeria, MA) equipped with a Bruker cryo platform at 295 K with deuterated trimethylsilyl propanoic acid and orthophosphoric acid as external standards.
• variable region containing the genes for synthesis of the polysaccharide are located between the conserved genes encoding the ABC transporter involved in capsule synthesis and assembly (FIG. 1), which also shows the variable region of the HS1 CPS locus (McNally, et al., FEBS J. 272 : 4407 (2005)).
• the DNA sequence of the capsule locus of the HS44 type strain contained homologs of 10 of the 11 genes found in HS1, missing only HS 1.08, a gene of unknown function (FIG. 1 ).
• the gene content of HS44 capsule biosynthesis locus is summarized in Table 1. All shared homologs were >96° o identical, except for the putative MeOPN transferase (HS44.07) which showed only 47° o identity to that of HS1.
• bNumbers in parenthesis are the percentage of identity between the HS1 and HS44 proteins.
• the HS44 locus included an insertion of 10 additional genes between HS 1.07 and HS1.09 encompassing 9,258 bp (Table 1, FIG. 1). These include 4 genes encoding Attny Docket 102885PCT enzymes predicted to be involved in deoxyheptose biosynthesis (HS44.08 to HS44.11) and three genes (HS44.12, HS44.13 and HS44.15) encoding proteins that are homologous to epimerase reductases that have been recently demonstrated to be involved in 6-deoxy- ⁇ / ⁇ / ⁇ -heptose biosynthesis.
• the CPS locus of HS44 also includes a gene (HS44.14) similar to CJ1429c coding for a protein of unknown function in NCTC 11168 (HS2), a nucleotidyl-sugar pyranose mutase (HS44.16) and a putative heptosyltansferase
• variable CPS locus (HS44.17, Table 1 and FIG. 1).
• DNA sequence of the variable CPS locus of a clinical isolate that typed as HS 1/44 was identical with that of the type strain of HS1.
• the minimum protein homology predicted from the 11 genes in these two capsule loci was >99%.
• FIG. 3 shows the phosphorous-proton connections detected in HS1/44 CPS that emanate from the linkages of the teichoic-acid diester-phosphate ( ⁇ 0.5 and 1.5) to position 1 of Gro and position 4 of Gal, and from the attachment of the MeOPN ( ⁇ 14.3) to position 3 (5H 4.83) of Fru residues.
• the H-4 resonance of the 4-linked Gal carrying the Fru branches appeared at ⁇ 4.68, whereas that of the defructosylated 4-linked Gal resonated at ⁇ 4.49 (FIG. 3).
• a similar pattern was observed for the H-l resonances of Gro.
• the heptose configurations were characterized by comparison with well defined synthetic standards by GC.
• the linkage-type analysis (GC-MS) (FIG. 4A) revealed that the deoxy-heptoses were present in part as terminal and 2-substituted units in the furanose form.
• the product of the HS1.08 gene encodes a predicted protein of 849 amino acids, annotated as a putative sugar transferase (Karlysheev, et al., Mol. Microbiol. 55: 90 (2005)). Because the HS44 teichoic acid-like CPS lacked the non-stoichiometric fructose branch and the HS1.08 gene was missing from the capsule locus, we hypothesized that HS 1.08 encoded a fructose transferase.
• an immunogenic composition useful for inclusion in a vaccine composition against HS1, HS1/HS44 and HS44 C. jejuni strains, comprises polysaccharide antigen, comprising the structure:
• an immunogenic composition would comprise a polysaccharide antigen with a repeating polysaccharide structure, derived from HS44 that comprises the structure:
• One embodiment is an immunogenic composition against C. jejuni that contains an isolated capsule polysaccharide structure or polymers of the structure derived from HS5.
• the polysaccharide structure comprises four variants, with the structures as follows:
• results from monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that the capsule polysaccharide (CPS) of strain CG2995 (HS:5) contained 3,6-dideoxy-n ' 6o-heptose, glucitol, and D-glycero-D-/nanno-heptose (FIG. 6).
• the ID ⁇ NMR of the CPS revealed six anomeric peaks, three of which are associated with D-glycero-D-wa/ino-heptose residues at 5.20 ppm, 5.18 ppm, and 5.16 ppm (A,B,C respectively), and 3 of which are associated with 3,6-dideoxy-n ' Z)o-heptose residues at 5.21 ppm, 4.96 ppm, and 4.87 ppm ( ,L,N respectively) (FIG. 7).
• Linkages and ring resonances were then confirmed via 2D ⁇ - ⁇ COSY, TOCSY, and NOESY Attny Docket 102885PCT experiments. Linkages found through NMR experiments coincided with the linkages assigned by GC-MS.
• variation 1 with 2-monosubstituted D-glycero-D-wiaw/io-heptose and Glucitol linked through the 2-position instead of 3 to D-glycero-D-manno-heptose (FIG. 1 Hi)
• Attny Docket 102885PCT variation 2 with 2,6-disubstitution of the D-glycero-D-Tjjajwo-heptose and Glucitol linked through the 2-position instead of 3 to D-glycero-D-mawMo-heptose (FIG. 11 iii)
• variation 3 with 2-monosubstituted D-glycero-D-manno-heptose and 2-monosubstituted Glucitol (FIG. l liv).
• One or more polysaccharides or polysaccharide polymers can be conjugated to a carrier molecule to improve immunity.
• the carrier in one embodiment, is a protein carrier molecule.
• CRM197 can be conjugated to the polysaccharide or polysaccharide polymer.
• the GC-MS profile of the alditol acetate derivatives of C. jejuni CG2995 CPS, following TEMPO oxidation is shown in FIG. 12. Conjugation is illustrated in FIG. 13.
• Isolated C. jejuni HS5 polysaccacharide was conjugated to a protein structure and is described here as an illustration of conjugation of the polysaccharide or polysaccharide polymers. The overall scheme for conjugation is illustrated in FIG. 13. Any protein carrier is envisioned to be conjugated. Furthermore, conjugation to a protein carrier can be by any number of means.
• the polysaccharide was conjugated to C 1 7 by TEMPO-mediated oxidation.
• the first step is oxidation of approximately 10% of the plrimary hydroxyls of the intat CPs to carboxylic acids via TEMPO-mediated oxidation.
• the scheme in FIG. 13 illustrates Attny Docket 102885PCT conjugation using the primary hydroxyl of the DD-Hep as one of the sites of oxidation. Non-stoichiometric oxidation may also occur at C-6 of Glc and at the CH 2 -OH of the side-chain substituent.
• conjugation to the carrier protein e.g., CRM197
• the carrier protein e.g., CRM197
• Visualization of conjuation is by any means, such as gel electrophoresis.
• a glycoconjugate composed of HS1 teichoic acid CPS and the protein carrier CRM197 was created through a conjugation scheme, similar to that used for HS5, based on stoichiometric oxidation of 10% of the available primary hydroxyls in the CPS. After oxidation of primary hydroxyls, the activated HS 1 CPS was then conjugated to CRM ⁇ by carbodiimide-type coupling of the newly created carboxylic acid functionalities in the CPS and exposed CRM197 lysine units. Importantly, analysis of the HS1 CPS-CRM197 conjugate vaccine by NMR confirmed that the MeOPN and phosphate moieties remained intact during the conjugation manipulations. These results are shown in FIG. 14. A comparison of the intensities of the anomeric resonances in the partially oxidized HS 1 CPS indicated that half of the backbone Gal residues were branched by the Fru-cntaining MeOPN units.
• an embodiment is an immunogenic composition comprising one or more polysaccharide antigens, each comprising polysaccharide structures derived from these strains of C. jejuni.
• Attny Docket 102885PCT consisted mainly of a disaccharide repeating unit [-»3)-6d-p-D- «/o-Hep-(l-»4)-p- GlcNAc-(l— »], with non-stoichiometric 0-methyl phosphoramidate substituent attached to C-2 and C-7 positions of zcfo-heptose.
• a minor component of L-g ycero-D-icfo-heptose (LD-wfo-Hep) was detected by GLC-MS, using alditol acetate derivatives for
• the sugar ring configuration of 6-deoxy-heptose and L-g/jycero-D-heptose were assigned as idose.
• the traces of 1 ,l-an ydro-L-glycero-D-ido- heptose (1,7-anhydro-LD-z ' i o-Hep) and l,6-anhydro-L- ⁇ ycero-D- i o-heptose (1,6- anhydro-LD-z'do-Hep) originated from LD-zYzo-Hep during acid hydrolysis.
• jejuni HS:4: 13:64 CPS showed two additional linkage types from LD-i ' rfo-Hep which were not detected in previously reported structure, including 3-substistuted L-g/j/cero-D-zifo-heptose [ ⁇ 3)-LD- !cfo-Hep-(l ⁇ ] and 2,3-di-substistuted L- ⁇ iycero-D-zcfo-heptose [ ⁇ 2,3)-LD-z " ./o-Hep-
• the CPS isolated from C. jejuni strain M 7 was composed of L-glycero-O- i ' c/o-heptose (LD-ido-Hep) and jV-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) by GC-MS profile determination of alditol acetate derivatives.
• the above CPS composition of C. jejuni HS:4 type strain was similar to previously reported CPS of serotype HS:4 complex (HS:4,13,64; strain CG8486), which contains mostly 6-deoxy-z ' i/o-heptose (6d-ii/o-Hep) instead of LD-i ' do-Hep.
• GC-MS of permethylated alditol acetate derivatives showed the following linkage types of each monosaccharide: 3-substituted L-glycero-O-ido- eptose [->3)-LD-/i/o-Hep-(l-»] and 4-substituted N-acetyl glucosamine [- ⁇ )-GlcNAc-(l ⁇ ].
• Attny Docket 102885PCT showed two ⁇ -anomeric proton resonances at ⁇ 4.70 and ⁇ 4.94 for GlcNAc and D-ido- Hep, respectively.
• the ⁇ NMR spectrum also revealed one methyl singlet at ⁇ 2.07 which was characteristic of the N-acetyl moiety from GlcNAc and a broad range of overlapping sugar ring proton resonances between ⁇ 3.50 and ⁇ 4.55.
• ID 31 P NMR detected a weak trace of MeO N signals at ⁇ 14.3.
• MeO N could not be detected due to the small amount of MeQFN substitution in this HS:4 type strain.
• C. jejuni HS4 type-strain contains a CPS composed of the following disaccharide repeat: [ ⁇ 3)-L-P-D- rfo-Hep-(l ⁇ 4)-P-GlcNAc-(l ⁇ ].
• C. jejuni strain MK16 (serotype HS:13) revealed the presence of glucose (Glc), 6-deoxy-itio-heptose (6d-i * fifo-Hep), and L-glycero-O-ido- eptose (LD-wfo-Hep) by GS-MS determinationof alditol acetate derivative profiles.
• C. jejuni serotype HS:13 contains 4-substituted Glc as backbone instead of 4-substituted GlcNAc (seen in serotypes HS: 4:13:64 and HS:4).
• the ⁇ NMR spectrum of C. jejuni serotype HS:13 CPS showed two ⁇ -anomeric proton resonances at 5 4.63 and ⁇ 4.92 which assigned as Glc and 6d-icfo-Hep LD-ido- Hep, respectively (Fig. 15A).
• the ⁇ NMR spectrum also revealed the methylene signals (multiplet) at ⁇ 1.86 and ⁇ 2.00 which were characteristic of the 6-deoxy moiety from 6d- ido-Hep and a broad range of overlapping sugar ring proton resonances between 5 3.30 and ⁇ 4.55.
• ID 31 P NMR detected two resonances at ⁇ 14.1 and ⁇ 14.4 which were typical of MeO N signals (Fig. 15B).
• C. jejuni strain MK16 serotype HS: 13
• CPS consists of the following disaccharide repeats in quasi equal concentrations (with MeCXPN non- stoichiometrically attached to C-2 and C-7 of 6d-p-/cfo-Hep):
• HS: 3:13:50 complex has been identified predicated on a quantitatively low level immune-crossreactivity.
• C. jejuni strain BH-01-0142 (serotype HS: 3:13:50) was composed of galactose (Gal), 6-deoxy-irfo-heptose (6d-iafo-Hep), and L-glycero-O-ido- heptose (LD-iifo-Hep) using GS-MS using alditol acetate derivative profile determination for compositional analysis of C. jejuni BH-01-0142 CPS (serotype HS:3:13:50)).
• sugar linkage types 4-substituted galactose [— »4)-Gal-(l— »], 3-substituted 6- deoxy-heptose [-»3)-6d-Hep-(l ⁇ ] and 3-substituted L- / ⁇ cero-D-z ' i/o-heptose [->3)-LD- icfo-Hep-(l ⁇ ] were found to make up the CPS of serotype HS:3:13:50, using GC-MS
• jejuni serotype HS 3,13,50 CPS were [ ⁇ 4)-Gal-(l ⁇ ], [ ⁇ 3)-6d-Hep-(l ⁇ ], and [ ⁇ 3)-LD-iifo-Hep-(l ⁇ ], with three other non-sugar components were non-stoichiometrically attached to the C-3 of Gal, and C-2 of 6d-/ffo-Hep and LD-ido- ep. Also, a terminal Gal [Gal-(l->] was also determined and was suggested as a non-reducing end.
• the ⁇ NMR spectrum of the C. jejuni serotype HS:3:13:50 CPS showed broad overlapping peaks between ⁇ 5.00 ppm and ⁇ 5.30 ppm representing the anomeric proton signals. These overlapping peaks suggested the presence of a-anomeric sugars.
• the ⁇ NMR spectrum also revealed a methylene signal at ⁇ 1.80 and ⁇ 2.02 which are characteristic of 6-deoxy moiety from 6d- rfo-Hep. Another proton resonance at ⁇ 2.72 was later confirmed as a methylene signal which also revealed in the ⁇ NMR spectrum.
• Attny Docket 102885PCT analysis revealed the presence of minor component of 1,3,4-linked Gal, 1,2,3-linked 6d- icfo-Hep and 1,2,3-linked LD-zV/o-Hep.
• a 2D 'H- ,3 C HMBC NMR experiment (FIG. 17) showed that a second non- sugar moiety was that of 3-hydroxypropanoyl.
• the cross-peaks at ⁇ 3.89/ ⁇ 173.0 and 6H 2.72/ ⁇ 173.0 showed three-bond and two-bond connectivities of the carbonyl ester C- 1 with H-3 and H-2 of 3-hydroxypropanoyl group (residue D), respectively.
• the 3- hydroxypropanoyl group was observed to be connected to the C-3 of Gal, by interpreting the cross-peak at 6H 5.20/ ⁇ 173.0, and also by taking into account the results from linkage type analysis that showed a minor peak of 1,3,4-linked Gal.
• An immunogenic composition against C. jejuni is can comprise one or more isolated C. jejuni polysaccharides or polysaccharide polymers.
• the composition contains the polysaccharides or polysaccharide polymers free of LOS, which is associated with Guillain-Barre Syndrome.
• An embodiment is a composition comprising one or more isolated C. jejuni derived polysaccharides or polysaccharide polymers, with the polysaccharide polymer comprising 1 to 100 polysaccharides linked together (i.e., "n" greater than or equal to 1).
• the structures of the isolated C. jejuni polysaccharide are derived from one or more of the strains HS5, HS1, S2, HS3, HS4, HS4/13/64, HS50 and HS13.
• the composition comprises one or more polysaccharide structures selected from the group consisting of:
• polysaccharide polymer comprising 1 to 100 polysaccharides linked together (i.e., "n" greater than or equal to 1).
• the polysaccharides or polysaccharide polymers of the decomposition can be linked to a carrier, wherein said carrier can be a protein.
• the protein carrier is CRMi 7 .
• an immunogenic composition useful for inclusion in a vaccine composition against HS 1 , HS 1/HS44 and S44 C. jejuni strains, comprises a polysaccharide, comprising the structure:
• the immunogenic composition can comprise the HS44 composition, as in Example 1, which does not contain the "[MeOPN] ⁇ 3)-Fru " unit.
• mice were immunized with escalating amounts of vaccine administered with Alhydrogel ® (Clifton, NJ). Two weeks following the final immunization, all immunized animals exhibited significant levels of serum IgG antibodies specific against HS1 CPS (P ⁇ 0.05) compared to pre-immune sera. Furthermore, this effect was dose dependent as mice immunized with 50 ⁇ g of vaccine (by weight) per dose had a significantly higher endpoint titer (P ⁇ 0.05) than mice receiving 10 ⁇ g per dose.
• HS1 is capable of generating high levels of anti-CPS antibodies in mice.
• the results of these studies is illustrated in FIG. 18.
• FIG. 19 a dot blot demonstrating immunogenicity of an HS1- CRM197 vaccine.
• Purified capsules (1 mg/ml) were dot blotted in triplicate (2 ul each) to nitrocellulose and immunodetected with rabbit polyclonal antiserum to an HS1-CR 197 vaccine.
• Example 3 BALB/c mice were given three doses each of 10 ⁇ g or 50 ⁇ g of HS5 polysaccharide-conjugate at 4 week intervals, with 200 ⁇ g of ALHYDROGEL ®
• mice received a total of three injections. Two weeks after the last dose, the mice were bled and the sera evaluated by ELISA. The results of this study are shown in FIG. 19 showing CPS-specific IgG responses.
• rabbit anti-HS13 serum was found to cross react with HS4 and HS13 and anti-HS64 serum was found to cross react with HS4, HS13, HS4 13 64 and HS50.
• rabbit polyclonal antiserum made to conjugate vaccine composed of the capsule of HS4 13/64 strain conjugated to CRM 197 was used in an immunoblot to determine the cross reactivity of the vaccine to proteinase K digested whole cell preparations of other members of the HS4 complex. Antibodies to the vaccine cross- reacted to HS4 and HS64, but not to HS13 or HS50.
• Example 7 Method for inducing an anti-C. jejuni immune response in mammals
• An embodiment of the invention is the induction of an immune response against capsule polysaccharide.
• the embodied method comprising administering an
• immunogenic composition comprising one or more polysaccharide antigens, wherein each polysaccharide antigen comprises a C. jejuni capsule polysaccharide polymer.
• the Campylobacter jejuni capsule polysaccharide polymers comprise of C. jejuni strains, as in Examples 1-4.
• a capsule polysaccharide polymer comprises 1 to 100 copies of a polysaccharide structure, derived from an individual C. jejuni strain, connected together to form a polysaccharide polymer.
• Induction of immunity can be against one or more strains of C. jejuni.
• the capsule polysaccharide are derived from one or more C. jejuni strains selected from the group consisting of HS1 and HS1 complex (HS1, HS1/HS44 or HS44), HS2, HS3, HS4, HS5, HS13, HS4/13/64, and HS50.
• the inventive immunogenic compositions would comprise isolated C. jejuni polysaccharide structures or
• polysaccharide polymers of the structures without lipooligosaccharide, or other
• the polysaccharide polymers can be conjugated or unconjugated to a carrier molecule and the composition administered at a dose range of 0.1 ⁇ g to 10 mg per dose with or without an adjuvant.
• Another embodiment is a method of to induce an immune response against C. jejuni by administering isolated C. jejuni capsule polysaccharide derived from HS1, HS1/HS44 or HS44.
• the composition is used to induce an immune response against HS1, HS1/HS44 or HS44.
• a composition comprising isolated C. jejuni capsule polysaccharide, isolated away from or purified from LOS components and other components that can cause autoimmune responses such as Guillain-Barre syndrome, such as derived from H SI, are used to induce an immune response against HS1, HS1/HS44 and HS44 C. jejuni strains.
• composition comprising one or more of the
• polysaccharide comprising one or more of polysaccharides derived from HS4, HS13, HS4 HS13 HS64 or HS50 can be used in a method to induce immunity against any of the C. jejuni strains of the HS4 complex, comprising HS4, HS13, HS4/HS13/H64 or HS50.
• the polysaccharides or polysaccharide polymers can be linked to a carrier, wherein said carrier can be a protein.
• the protein carrier is CRM [97.
• the embodiment method comprises the steps:
• an immunogenic composition comprising one or more C. jejuni isolated capsule polysaccharide polymers derived from capsules of C. jejuni strains selected from the group consisting of: HS1 and HS1 complex (HS1, HS1/HS44 or HS44), HS2, HS3, HS4, HS5, HS13, HS4/13/64, and HS50, wherein capsule
• Attny Docket 102885PCT polysaccharides of a strain can be linked to form a polysaccharide polymer comprises 1 to 100 copies of a polysaccharide structure, derived from an individual C. jejuni strain, connected together to form a polymer and wherein said composition would comprise isolated C.
• step (b) administering a boosting dose of the composition as described in step (a), with or without adjuvant at a dose range of 0.1 ⁇ g to 10 mg per dose.
• Another embodiment comprises a method of immunizing against Campylobacter ejuni strains HS1 ; HS1 HS44 and or HS44 by the administration of a composition comprising one or more isolated C. jejuni capsule polysaccharides.
• the method comprises the steps:
• the C. jejuni capsule polysaccharide polymers comprise polysaccharide structures derived from capsules of C. jejuni strains selected from the group consisting of HS1, HS1/HS44, HS44, wherein a capsule polysaccharide polymer comprises 1 to 100 copies of a polysaccharide structure, derived from an individual C. jejuni strain, connected together to form a polymer, without
• the polysaccharide structures include one or more of the following structures selected from the structures: Attny Docket 102885PCT
• step (a) wherein the same polysaccharide is linked to form a polysaccharide polymer comprising 1 to 100 polysaccharides linked together (i.e., "n" greater than or equal to 1); b. administering a boosting dose of the composition as described in step (a), with or without adjuvant at a dose range of 0.1 ⁇ g to 10 mg per dose.
• Another embodiment comprises a method of immunizing against Campylobacter jejuni strains HS4, HS13, HS4/HS13/H64 or HS50 by the administration of a composition comprising one or more isolated C. jejuni capsule polysaccharides derived from HS4, HS13, HS4/HS13/H64 or HS50.
• the method comprises the steps: a. administering an immunogenic composition comprising one or more C.
• jejuni capsule polysaccharides derived from HS4, HS13, HS4/HS13/H64 or HS50 wherein a capsule polysaccharide polymer compriseing 1 to 100 copies of a polysaccharide structure, connected together to form a polymer, without lipooligosaccharide, or other structures associated with GBS, administered at a dose range of 0.1 ⁇ g to 10 mg per dose Attny Docket 102885PCT with or without an adjuvant and wherein the polysaccharide structures include one or more of the following structures selected from the structures:
• step (b) administering a boosting dose of the composition as described in step (a), with or without adjuvant at a dose range of 0.1 ⁇ g to 10 mg per dose.
• the polysaccharide polymers can be conjugated or unconjugated to a carrier molecule and the composition.
• immunogenic composition can be administered orally, nasally, subcutaneously, intradermally, transdermally,
• the carrier molecule can be a protein, for example CRM 1 7, or a non-protein molecule.
• Adjuvants can be any of a number of adjuvants. Examples of adjuvants include: LTR 192G, Aluminum hydroxide, RC529E, QS21, E294, olgodeoxynucleotides (ODN), CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides, and aluminum phosphage.

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