EP3184922B1 - Fire-resistant ventilation grille - Google Patents

Fire-resistant ventilation grille Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3184922B1
EP3184922B1 EP16204665.0A EP16204665A EP3184922B1 EP 3184922 B1 EP3184922 B1 EP 3184922B1 EP 16204665 A EP16204665 A EP 16204665A EP 3184922 B1 EP3184922 B1 EP 3184922B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
expandable material
fire
ventilation grille
strip
dimensional
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16204665.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3184922A1 (en
Inventor
Barbara Maria Albertine WILLEMS
Bart Johan Etienne VANDERSTRAETEN
Stijn Freddy Hilde DE SUTTER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RF Technologies NV SA
Original Assignee
RF Technologies NV SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RF Technologies NV SA filed Critical RF Technologies NV SA
Publication of EP3184922A1 publication Critical patent/EP3184922A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3184922B1 publication Critical patent/EP3184922B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/082—Grilles, registers or guards
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/065—Physical fire-barriers having as the main closure device materials, whose characteristics undergo an irreversible change under high temperatures, e.g. intumescent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F24F11/35—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke by closing air passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
    • F24F2221/30—Details or features not otherwise provided for comprising fireproof material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fire-resistant ventilation grille for fitting in a wall or a floor for air flow through the wall or the floor, comprising several slats which are arranged essentially parallel to each other and which each comprise a strip of expandable material which is provided to expand substantially in one dimension on account of heat.
  • Such fire-resistant ventilation grilles are typically placed in essentially vertical walls, doors or hatches as a wall and in horizontal floors to prevent fire propagation between a first space and a second space. Examples of such ventilation grilles are described in BE 1 019 543A3 , US 2014/273799 A1 , US 2007/0277458 A1 , and US 2007/0251175 A1 . In this case, these ventilation grilles secure an air flow opening between this first space and this second space.
  • the expandable material used herein is a material which will characteristically expand on account of the heat which is generated during a fire. During a fire, the expandable material expands until the air flow opening is sealed off essentially completely. In this way, fire propagation can be halted for a certain amount of time.
  • the slats in such a grille are arranged with respect to each other at such a distance apart that, on the one hand, the desired ventilation capacity is ensured and, on the other hand, the openings between the slats are essentially closed off by means of the expandable material when the expandable material expands.
  • a fire-resistant ventilation grille for fitting in a wall or a floor for air flow through the wall or the floor, comprising several slats which are arranged essentially parallel to each other and which each comprise at least one strip of expandable material which is provided to expand substantially in one dimension on account of heat and which each comprise at least one strip of expandable material which is provided to expand in three dimensions on account of heat.
  • this one-dimensional expandable material Due to a combination of this one-dimensional expandable material and this three-dimensional expandable material, the time during which such a ventilation grille can halt the propagation of fire can be increased significantly.
  • such three-dimensional expandable material may provide fire retardancy for a longer period of time than such a one-dimensional expandable material, this material has to date not been used in such ventilation grilles, because it pulverizes at such temperatures which occur during a fire and in relatively large openings, if no additional element is used which gives the arrangement a structural strength.
  • the structures which are normally used to keep such three-dimensional expandable material in position after it has expanded during fire are not suitable to be incorporated in this type of ventilation grille, since they would either reduce the ventilation capacity too much (e.g.
  • the one-dimensional expandable material together with the three-dimensional expandable material, it is possible to ensure that the one-dimensional expandable material retains the three-dimensional expandable material to a sufficient degree in case of fire.
  • the three-dimensional expandable material in turn helps to fill the holes which appear in the one-dimensional material after a fire has been burning for 1 hour.
  • the strip of three-dimensional expandable material preferably extends, viewed in the direction of the air flow, at least partly next to said strip of one-dimensional expandable material.
  • the ventilation grille Due to the positioning of the ventilation grille, it is always possible to ensure that the strip of one-dimensional expandable material is directed towards the side with the potential fire hazard, so that the one-dimensional expandable material can consequently provide the required structure with a greater degree of certainty in order to retain the three-dimensional material, if necessary.
  • Said strip of expandable material may consist of one or several parts of such expandable material which may, if desired, also be arranged at some distance from one another. Preferably, these one or several parts of such a strip together extend over essentially the entire length of the slat.
  • a ventilation grille according to the present invention may in addition, if this is not seen as inconvenient, be provided with an air-permeable structural element, such as for example a mesh or grille, which extends, on the other side from the side on which the strip of one-dimensional expandable material extends at least partly, next to the strips of three-dimensional expandable material of the different slats in order to also ensure that the three-dimensional material is retained in its position for a sufficiently long period of time.
  • an air-permeable structural element such as for example a mesh or grille
  • the strip of three-dimensional expandable material in each slat of a ventilation grille according to the present invention is arranged at a distance from the strip of one-dimensional expandable material.
  • the three-dimensional material is activated with a small delay with respect to the one-dimensional expandable material, which ensures that the ventilation grille can prevent fire extension for an even longer period of time.
  • each slat preferably comprises a sleeve comprising a hole which is at least partly filled with said strip of one-dimensional expandable material.
  • one-dimensional expandable material is typically not moisture-proof and such a sleeve is a simple way of protecting this one-dimensional expandable material from moisture.
  • the one-dimensional expandable material could be provided with, for example, a moisture-resistant coating. This sleeve may also offer a visual advantage.
  • a sleeve is preferably made of meltable and/or flammable material, so that this material will melt or burn virtually immediately in case of fire, so that the one-dimensional expandable material is exposed as quickly as possible to the temperatures at which it expands.
  • the material of the sleeve could, for example, also be made to be heat-conductive, in which case this sleeve is easily ripped by the expanding expandable material in case of fire.
  • such a sleeve is made from plastic.
  • Such a sleeve may, for example, be produced simply by means of extrusion.
  • the strip of three-dimensional expandable material is preferably attached to the outside of the sleeve in terms of production engineering.
  • each slat preferably comprises a second strip of one-dimensional expandable material which extends at least partly next to the strip of three-dimensional expandable material, on the other side from the side on which the firstmentioned strip of one-dimensional expandable material extends at least partly.
  • the ventilation grille viewed from both spaces between which the wall is arranged in which this ventilation grille is incorporated, delivers the same optimum performance.
  • such a ventilation grille offers the advantage that the three-dimensional material is retained better in case of fire between the one-dimensional expandable material which then extends on both sides of the three-dimensional expandable material. In this way, the three-dimensional expandable material can be retained in an optimum manner even without additional structural elements. In this way, the ventilation capacity can be guaranteed even more reliably.
  • both strips of one-dimensional expandable material are preferably arranged at a distance from the strip of three-dimensional expandable material.
  • a ventilation grille according to the present invention is furthermore constructed preferably essentially symmetrically, so that the action thereof is essentially identical, viewed from both spaces between which the wall is arranged in which this ventilation grille is incorporated.
  • the sleeve preferably comprises a second hole, which is at least partly filled with the second strip of one-dimensional expandable material.
  • At least one said strip of one-dimensional expandable material is arranged in the ventilation grille at an incline.
  • the slats When such a grille is incorporated in an essentially vertical wall, the slats will extend substantially horizontally.
  • the slats are seen as being arranged essentially horizontally when their sides extend essentially horizontally in the length direction. In the width direction, the slats may in this case optionally be arranged horizontally.
  • the slats When at least one strip of one-dimensional material is arranged at an incline, the slats will thus be arranged partly at an incline in the width direction. This means that this at least one strip of one-dimensional material is arranged at an angle with respect to a horizontal plane. Such an arrangement may be desired in order to make viewing through the grille more difficult or impossible.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of a fire-resistant ventilation grille according to the present invention comprises a frame delimiting an air flow opening in which the slats are arranged, and comprises at least one rod which is arranged in the air flow opening and is fitted through each slat.
  • this rod is only secured against tensile strain. In this way, this rod (or these several rods) can move freely in the frame upon expansion during a fire, so that the ventilation grille does not warp as a result of the expansion of one or several of these rods.
  • At least one first said rod is preferably fitted through the firstmentioned strip of one-dimensional expandable material of each slat and at least one second said rod is preferably fitted through the second strip of one-dimensional expandable material of each slat.
  • each first rod is arranged at a distance from each second rod in such an embodiment, viewed in the length direction of the slats.
  • a weak spot in the first strip of one-dimensional expandable material which is produced by the formation of the opening through which a rod is arranged at the location of this opening, may be compensated for by a completely intact second strip of one-dimensional expandable material and vice versa.
  • a ventilation grille comprising one or several of said first rods extending through the first strip of one-dimensional expandable material and one or several said second rods extending through the second strip of one-dimensional expandable material
  • at least one first rod is held at a limited distance from a corresponding second rod by means of a connecting element. If desired, this limited distance may vary in a limited way, but is restricted in such a way that it cannot increase excessively. Due to this connecting element, the two strips of one-dimensional expandable material cannot be forced apart (or only to a limited extent) by the three-dimensional expandable material trapped therein.
  • each first rod is in this case connected to a corresponding second rod by means of such a connecting element, so that each first rod is held at a limited distance from a corresponding second rod.
  • the one or several connecting elements are of rigid design, so that each first rod is held at a fixed distance from the corresponding second rod.
  • the one-dimensional expandable material of a ventilation grille according to the present invention preferably comprises silicate material and, more specifically, hydrated sodium silicate.
  • the three-dimensional expandable material preferably comprises expandable graphite.
  • the illustrated fire-resistant ventilation grille (1) comprises a frame (9) which delimits an air flow opening.
  • Several slats (2) are arranged parallel to each other and essentially horizontally in this frame (9).
  • the shape of the frame (9) is essentially rectangular.
  • a ventilation grille (1) with, for example, a round frame (9).
  • This frame (9) may be made, for example, from wood or fibreboard.
  • MDF for example.
  • Other materials which are substantially non-expandable on account of heat may also be used to produce such a frame (9).
  • rods (10, 11) are provided through openings (12) in the slats (2). These rods (10, 11) are also provided through openings (13) in the frame (9) and then secured. In the illustrated embodiment, these rods (10, 11) are only secured against tensile strain, so that they hold the frame (9) together. In case of a fire, the rods (10, 11) can then expand freely in the frame (9), so that the ventilation grille (1) does not warp due to expansion of the rods (10, 11).
  • the rods (10, 11) are arranged in a staggered manner.
  • any weakened section in the first strip of one-dimensional expandable material (3) resulting from the opening (12) required for passing through a rod (10) is compensated for by an intact second strip of one-dimensional expandable material (5) in the row behind.
  • any weakened section in the second strip of expandable material (5) is compensated for by an intact first strip of expandable material (3) at the location of this weakened section.
  • connecting pieces (16) are provided by means of which each first rod (10) is held at a fixed distance from a corresponding second rod (11) in order to guarantee the distance between the strips of one-dimensional expandable material (3, 5).
  • support bushes (15) are in each case pushed over the rods (10) and arranged between the slats (2).
  • the essentially vertically arranged rods (10) may be made, for example, from steel.
  • the support bushes (15) may be made, for example, from plastic. It is also possible, as is known from the prior art, to provide for example strips of expandable material which are enveloped by a plastic sleeve as vertical support elements, instead of the illustrated rods (10) and support bushes (15). These strips of expandable material with a plastic sleeve can then be provided with slots, in which case the slats (2) are fitted in these slots.
  • Each slat (2) of the illustrated ventilation grille (1) comprises two strips of one-dimensional expandable material (3, 5) which are arranged in holes (7, 8) of a sleeve (6) and a strip of three-dimensional expandable material (4) which is arranged in between and which is attached to the outside of this sleeve (6) in a central groove (14) of the sleeve (6).
  • the central groove (14) of the sleeve (6) is wider than the strip of three-dimensional expandable material (4) which is arranged centrally in this groove (14). In this way, the strips of one-dimensional expandable material (3, 5) are arranged on either side of the strip of three-dimensional expandable material (4), at a certain distance away.
  • the strips of one-dimensional expandable material (3, 5) fill the corresponding holes (7, 8) in the sleeve (6) essentially completely.
  • Both the strips of expandable material (3, 4, 5) and the sleeve (6) preferably extend essentially along the length of the slat (2).
  • the sleeve (6) is preferably made from meltable plastic and may be made from, for example, PVC or PS by means of, for example, extrusion.
  • Expandable materials may for example be used as expandable material (3, 4, 5).
  • the one-dimensional expandable material (3, 5) is provided to expand substantially in one dimension on account of heat. Hydrated sodium silicate may for example be selected for this one-dimensional expandable material (3, 5).
  • the three-dimensional expandable material (4) is provided to expand in three dimensions on account of heat.
  • a graphite mixture on the basis of expandable graphite may for example be selected as the three-dimensional expandable material (4).
  • the strips of expandable material (3, 4, 5) are arranged essentially horizontally.
  • one or several of these strips (3, 4, 5) may be arranged at an angle with respect to a horizontal plane in the width direction in order to make, for example, viewing through the ventilation grille (1) difficult or impossible.
  • strips (3, 4, 5) may also be arranged at an angle with respect to each other.
  • the sleeve (6) which is closest to this space will melt and the one-dimensional expandable material (3) arranged therein will expand. Then, after a small time delay, the three-dimensional expandable material (4) will also start to expand, followed by the second strip of one-dimensional expandable material (5).
  • the expanding three-dimensional expandable material (4) is thus held between the expanding one-dimensional expandable material (3, 5) which provides the necessary structure in order to keep the pulverizing three-dimensional expandable material (4) in place.
  • the three-dimensional expandable material (4) also helps to fill the small holes which appear in the one-dimensional material (3, 5) after a fire has been burning for 1 hour. Together, the expandable material (3, 4, 5) essentially seals off the entire air flow opening for hours after it has expanded, thus preventing fire extension through this air flow opening.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP16204665.0A 2015-12-21 2016-12-16 Fire-resistant ventilation grille Active EP3184922B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE20155835A BE1023712A9 (nl) 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Brandwerend ventilatierooster

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3184922A1 EP3184922A1 (en) 2017-06-28
EP3184922B1 true EP3184922B1 (en) 2020-02-05

Family

ID=55352973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16204665.0A Active EP3184922B1 (en) 2015-12-21 2016-12-16 Fire-resistant ventilation grille

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3184922B1 (es)
BE (1) BE1023712A9 (es)
ES (1) ES2776460T3 (es)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113844781B (zh) * 2021-11-15 2023-01-17 山西城市动力新能源有限公司 一种车用锂电池安全可堆放集装箱

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8517809B2 (en) * 2006-04-12 2013-08-27 Zero International, Inc. Louver closure system and method
US20070277458A1 (en) * 2006-05-22 2007-12-06 Graboyes Steven M Fireproof louvered closures such as doors and windows, and methods for providing the same
GB2475258A (en) * 2009-11-11 2011-05-18 Christopher John Coxon Ventilator grille
BE1019543A3 (nl) * 2010-10-19 2012-08-07 Rf Technologies Nv Brandwerend ventilatierooster.
US9901760B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2018-02-27 Nortek Air Solutions Canada, Inc. Air delivery system having adjustable flame-blocking filters

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2776460T3 (es) 2020-07-30
BE1023712B1 (nl) 2017-06-23
BE1023712A1 (nl) 2017-06-23
BE1023712A9 (nl) 2017-06-30
EP3184922A1 (en) 2017-06-28

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