EP3182876A1 - Verfahren zur bestimmung einer optischen korrektur für ein fehlsichtiges auge einer person, verfahren zur berechnung eines brillenglases und herstellung desselben - Google Patents
Verfahren zur bestimmung einer optischen korrektur für ein fehlsichtiges auge einer person, verfahren zur berechnung eines brillenglases und herstellung desselbenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3182876A1 EP3182876A1 EP15771859.4A EP15771859A EP3182876A1 EP 3182876 A1 EP3182876 A1 EP 3182876A1 EP 15771859 A EP15771859 A EP 15771859A EP 3182876 A1 EP3182876 A1 EP 3182876A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- eye
- lens
- astigmatic
- refraction
- subjective
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
- A61B3/028—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters
- A61B3/036—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters for testing astigmatism
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/0016—Operational features thereof
- A61B3/0025—Operational features thereof characterised by electronic signal processing, e.g. eye models
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/024—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses
- G02C7/027—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses considering wearer's parameters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for determining an optical correction for a human's opthalm eye, a method of calculating a spectacle lens, and a method of manufacturing the same.
- a refractive eye may have refractive errors, usually described in terms of sphere, cylinder, and axis.
- the rays of light emanating from a viewed object are not concentrated at a point on a retina of the eye, but are imaged as focal lines, which has led to the still common name of astigmatism , on, or behind the retina.
- a light beam incident on the eye parallel to the optical axis is refracted to a different extent depending on its plane of incidence formed with the optical axis.
- the usually weaker Unastastigmatismus that is triggered either by a non-spherical surface of the lens, or akkomodativ caused, ie that the contraction of the ciliary muscle in a focusing of the lens on a.
- Subject is made faulty contribute to the overall astigmatism.
- different optical densities can occur within the individual layers of the lens, which lead to refractive lens astigmatism.
- Another rare astigmatism is the astigmatism of the fundus, which can be seen in cases of high myopia or myopia. occurs.
- the greatest influence on the resulting total astigmatism of an eye however, has the nature of the outer surface of the cornea due to the comparatively high refractive index of the cornea compared to air and the strong curvature of the cornea.
- Axial refraction in eye optics refers to the refractive power of the optical correction, with which together a refractive eye without accommodation produces a sharp image of an object at an infinite distance.
- the determination of the required correction of a vision-impaired eye can be achieved by an objective refraction, ie without the involvement of the person to be examined, for example in the case of an infant or in the case of a person who can not express himself, by a subjective refraction, or by a combination the results obtained from objective and subjective refraction.
- an objective refraction ie without the involvement of the person to be examined, for example in the case of an infant or in the case of a person who can not express himself
- a subjective refraction or by a combination the results obtained from objective and subjective refraction.
- the eye of a person to be examined is kept in a systematic sequence with lenses of different refractive power and asked for an improvement or a worsening of the visual impression.
- the optotypes which are also used Used to be considered objects of visual acuity.
- a Phoro- ter be used in which the individual units are integrated and can be switched between these individual lenses.
- the cylindrical balance i.
- the determination of the strength and the axial position of the cylinder required for correction is usually carried out by means of a cross cylinder, which consists of a (+) cylinder glass and a (-) cylinder glass of equal strength, and their axes enclose an angle of 90 °, ie perpendicular Jerusalemei - stand each other.
- the refractive properties of the eyeball are determined by means of an apparatus arrangement, i. independent of the subjective visual impression of the person to be examined.
- the corresponding methods are usually based on an infrared projection of an object onto the ocular fundus, whereby its visible image is focused on the basis of upstream lenses.
- contact lenses and spectacles which are manufactured based on the results of the objective and / or subjective refraction, are used to correct the refractive error of an eye. Further surgical interventions for the correction of the refractive error of the eye have been considered for some years now.
- a tear film forms between the cornea and the back surface of the contact lens, which almost compensates for the corneal astigmatism. Even by the formation of the tear film, even a non-orthogonal corneal astigmatism can be corrected to a residual error of 10.6%, whereby this residual error is due to different refractive indices of conformation. tactile lens, tear film and cornea results. By means of corresponding adjustments of the front and the rear surfaces of the contact lens, this residual error can be further reduced.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a possible correction of an eye 1 having a non-orthogonal astigmatism with a conventional spectacle lens 2 having two mutually perpendicular main sections in order to correct the astigmatic refractive deficit of the eye.
- a full correction always exists when the main cutting positions of the spectacle lens 2 coincide exactly with those of the eye i and also neutralize in terms of value.
- the main intersecting layers 2A, 2B of the spectacle lens 2 make an angle of 0 ° and 90 °, respectively, with the horizontal, while the main intersecting layers 1A, 1B of the eye 1 make an angle of 0 ° or 0 °. Include 90 ° + ⁇ with the horizontal.
- the "partial forces" F1, F2 of the correcting spectacle lens must therefore be exactly opposite in direction and strength to the eye refraction deficit, although this is not possible in the case of non-orthogonal astigmatism due to the nature of the conventional spectacles with main sections perpendicular to each other , the eye tries to compensate for these residual errors by means of vision correction work, which results in a faster fatigue of the eye than would be the case with a full correction.
- the curvatures along the incidence planes of the cornea may also deviate from the ideal circular shape, ie for an incidence plane, the curvature may vary depending on the distance to the optical axis. Therefore, the astigmatism perceived by a person may vary depending on the pupil's large change, Thus, especially at night, when the pupil, in contrast to its condition in daylight, is wide open, non-orthogonal astigmatism, which can not be corrected by ordinary glasses, can lead to vision problems when driving ("night blindness"). possibly resulting in an accident.
- DE 10 2013 203 288 A1 discloses a method for determining an optical correction for a person's optic-opaque eye, in which first data about a non-orthogonal corneal astigmatism are acquired, for example by means of an ophthalmometer. Thereafter, an astigmatic ballast glass is provided or manufactured, which compensates for non-orthogonal corneal astigmatism. The ballast lens is switched in front of the eye, and with upstream ballast lens a subjective refraction is performed. The person performing the subjective refraction then selects a lens that has the best subjective visual impression.
- the method known from DE 10 2013 203 288 A1 is associated with high costs, since the optician must have a device for measuring the non-orthogonal corneal astigmatism, and for every possible axis position of the first main section and the second main section of the non-orthogonal Corneal astigmatism is a must be made and provided to compensate for the respective non-orthogonal corneal astigmatism.
- the non-orthogonal corneal astigmatism i. the axial positions of the first main section and of the second main section and the refractive powers of the first and second main section can not be determined exactly, since in the measurement of the non-orthogonal corneal astigmatism with a corresponding device device-related measurement inaccuracies occur, which can not be avoided, and In addition, handling errors of the surveying performing Perons can occur.
- the object is achieved by the method for determining an optical correction for a refractive eye of a person according to claim 1.
- a method for determining an optical correction for a person's opthalmic eye comprises providing an astigmatic prismatic lens, independent of a curvature of a cornea of the eye, the astigmatic precut glass having a first main section and a second main section, and the first main section and the second main section enclose a different angle from one another at a right angle, an upstream connection of the astigmatic prescaling glass in front of the eye, a carrying out of a subjective over-refraction with an upstream astigmatic precursor. switch glass, and selecting at least one lens that is held in the subjective refraction.
- the actual implementation of the method is essentially independent of the degree of deviation of the angle of the orthogonality and the difference of the refractive powers of the first main section and the second main section, which is included in the first main section and the second main section of the ballast glass Selection of the at least one lens, in particular with regard to its optical effect, depends on these parameters.
- the optical effects of the astigmatic ballast lens are added to those of the lens or lenses, for example the optical effect of a spherical lens and the optical effect of a cross-cylinder with a corresponding axial position, is the subjective refraction of the person with the vision-defective one Eye were selected or determined to calculate the optical effect of the correction, the data on the degree of deviation and the difference of the refractive powers are required.
- the degree of deviation of the axial position of a first main section and a second main section of an addition-corresponding optical element of the orthogonality of those of the astigmatic Vorschaltglases correspond, or even be changed.
- the addition can also result in an optical effect which corresponds to that of a cylindrical lens with orthogonal main sections.
- the invention it is only possible to precisely determine the main sections of the total astigmatism of an eye by a subjective refraction using the types of measuring glasses typically provided, for example, in a phoropter and the astigmatic ballast with non-orthogonal main sections, and a spectacle lens based thereon which completely corrects the total astigmatism of the eye.
- an inactive refractive glass is inserted in the subjective refraction, which can be selected independently of the curvature of the cornea of the eye.
- an astigmatic ballast can be used, in which a first main section and a second main section include any angle other than a right angle, and in which the difference of the refractive powers of the first main section and the second main section is arbitrarily large can be. Therefore, in comparison to the method known from DE 10 2013 203 288 A1, it is advantageously possible to dispense with a measurement of the cornea of the refractive eye.
- the determination of the refractive error of the eye can be carried out more quickly, and on the other hand, it is not necessary for the optician carrying out the subjective refraction to have available a corresponding device for measuring the cornea, for example an ophthalmometer A cost saving on the part of the optician can be achieved.
- the measurement inaccuracies which occur during the measurement can be avoided, whereby an improved optical correction can be achieved since the optical correction is based only on the subjective impression of the person, and thus is not dependent on instrument-related measurement errors and, if necessary, on erroneous handling of the person conducting the measurement.
- the provision of the astigmatic ballast can be carried out independently of a defective vision of the eye.
- the method according to the invention can be carried out without first having to perform an objective or subjective refraction or any other type of examination of the person's vision.
- the upstream connection of the ballast lens in front of the eye can include the upstream in front of a refraction eyeglasses or before a phoropter.
- performing the subjective over-refraction may include providing different usums in a systematic order, wherein the at least one selected lens is selected based on a subjective visual impression of the person to be examined.
- performing the subjective over-refraction may include providing a cross cylinder, rotating an axis position of the cross cylinder, turning the cross cylinder, and selecting an axial position of the cross cylinder and a cross position of the cross cylinder based on a subjective visual impression of the person to be examined.
- An inventive method for calculating a spectacle lens for a human's opthalmic eye comprises acquiring data about the optician's eye and his refractive error, wherein acquiring data about the refractive error of the eye of one of the above-described methods for determining an optical correction for a includes the refractive eye of a person, and calculating and determining refractive characteristics for a plurality of segments of the spectacle lens to be calculated based on the acquired data.
- a method according to the invention for producing a spectacle lens comprises calculating a spectacle lens according to the above-described method and manufacturing the spectacle lens according to the calculation of the refractive properties of the plurality of segments.
- a spectacle lens can be produced by means of the method according to the invention, in which the axial positions of the main sections of the individual segments correspond to those of the total astigmatism of the eye in the viewing direction corresponding to the individual segment, the point and edge sharpness achieved by the spectacle lens can be compared to conventional ones Eyeglass lenses are improved.
- the spectacle lens produced according to the invention allows the eyes maximum vision in all directions. In terms of progressive lenses, this means that clearer and widened visual zones are created in contrast to the conventional progressive lens design.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a correction of a vision of the eye with conventional spectacles
- FIG. 2 shows a flowchart which shows a method according to the invention for determining an optical correction for a refractive eye a person, for calculating a spectacle lens and for producing the same illustrated
- an astigmatic ballast glass which has non-orthogonal main sections.
- the astigmatic ballast glass has a first main section and a second main section, which enclose with each other an angle different from a right angle.
- the angle which the first main section and the second main section include with one another can be any angle except the right angle.
- the difference between the refractive power of the first main section and the refractive power of the second main section can be arbitrarily selected.
- an astigmatic ballast can be provided in which the first main section and the second main section enclose an angle of 80 °.
- the provision of the astigmatic power lens can be independent of a curvature of a cornea of the refractive eye.
- the astigmatic Vorschaltglas can be provided without previously data on a corneal astigmatism, in particular non-orthogonal corneal astigmatism are detected or present.
- the provision of the astigmatic prescreening glass can be carried out independently of a refractive error of the eye, ie, no investigations with regard to vision or false vision, such as an objective or subjective refraction, are made before the provision of the astigmatic prescription lens, and also otherwise no data on the ametropia must be available. If necessary, however, prior to the provision of the astigmatic ballast lens by an objective measurement, a plan ballast cylinder can be determined, and based on the objective measurement, a corresponding front lens can be selected and provided.
- an astigmatic front glass with a planned first main section with axis position 0 ° and a second main section with -2.5 1 / m and with axis position 95 ° or 97 ° or other axis position.
- step S2 the provided astigmatic preamplifier glass, in which the angle included by the first main section and the second main section, has been selected arbitrarily with the exception of 90 °, is placed in front of the person's refractive eye or presented to the person's vision ,
- a complete subjective over-refraction is performed with upstream Vorschaitglas, for example by means of the phoropter or the refractive goggles, the ultimately determined data on the optical correction or the refractive error of the eye with respect to the distance from the values of the Phoropters or Refraction spectacles and the optical effect of the ballast glass together.
- the subjective over-refraction preferably comprises a sequential provision of different lenses with difference! i- These optical effects, such as the provision of different spherical lenses, are presented in a systematic order in front of the refractive eye, whereby the person with the defective eye selects one of the lenses in which he has the best subjective visual impression.
- a cross-cylinder can be held up in front of the refractive eye, and the cross-cylinder can be rotated and / or turned over until the person with the ill-eye has the best subjective visual impression.
- the adjustments, including the axial positions and the powers of the two cylinder lenses of the cross cylinder, at which the person has the best subjective visual impression, are then taken into account in the determination of the optical correction.
- the near-glass determination is carried out after the binocular refraction has been determined. Since remote vision is optimally adjusted when using the method according to the invention, the person to be examined can better assess the personal visual impression as a function of the different test glasses or of their axial positions.
- the strength (addition or addition) required for reading is determined, which compensates for the impaired accommodation capability of the eye as a result of presbyopia (presbyopia).
- This can be done, for example, by first adding, depending on the age of the person to be examined, to the determined value of the sphere for the distance, a glass with an initial addition value of the sphere in the phoropter or the reflection spectacles, and the required Addition is optimized by changing the value of the addition and questioning the person to be examined.
- presbyopia there may also be a Nahastigmatismus, which defines by definition the difference of the astigmatic refraction of distance and proximity.
- the values of astigmatism in the vicinity can be determined, for example, by accommodation of the eye by means of the ray figure according to the rules of the known cylinder mist method or by means of the already mentioned cylinder cross method with a turn survey on a single, round optotype.
- the customer can, due to the optimally adjusted distance view, make more precise information in which of the two turning positions of the cross cylinder his subjective visual impression is better.
- the near astigmatism which, as already mentioned above, is equal to the difference between the astigmatic distance and distance refraction, can also be accurately determined ,
- step S4 further data about the eye, which relate to the individual rolling of the eye as a function of its viewing direction, are preferably acquired in step S4 .
- positions of the eye, ie viewing directions or viewing axes and a position of the entrance pupil or the aperture diaphragm of the eye and torsional positions of the eye, ie its position with respect to rotations about the viewing direction or axis of vision for different deflections from a primary eye position, such as the zero-viewing direction , in a first and in a second secondary eye position are determined.
- the eye deflections preferably take place in the first or the second secondary eye position in a substantially horizontal plane or in a substantially vertical plane, as a result of which a vertical and a horizontal axis of rotation of the eye can be determined.
- a time of about 35 minutes must be set in order to carry out the determination of the optical correction for the person's defective eye according to the present invention in all respects.
- the refractive values or optical effects of obliquely crossed cylinders, ie the axis position and the refractive powers of the cross cylinder, of the selected astigmatic ballast lens can be determined by means of an extended computer program Position of the first main section and the second main section and the refractive powers of the first main section and the second main section of the astigmatic Vorschaltglases, and add the selected lens, in step S5, the final lens values, ie the refractive properties of the individual segments, which in their entirety make up the lens glass.
- the axial positions of the main sections of the segment can be adapted in the vicinity or in the distance according to Listing's rule.
- segments are optimized on the basis of a tertiary eye position corresponding to the respective segment, which is calculated, for example, by interpolation of the data determined in the first and second secondary eye positions.
- the refractive properties optimization for a viewpoint or segment may be based on the tertiary eye position corresponding to the segment and the far-reaching Listing rule or the Listing rule, respectively.
- a corresponding spectacle lens is then manufactured by a spectacle manufacturer in step S6, for example.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014216800 | 2014-08-23 | ||
PCT/EP2015/069374 WO2016030337A1 (de) | 2014-08-23 | 2015-08-24 | Verfahren zur bestimmung einer optischen korrektur für ein fehlsichtiges auge einer person, verfahren zur berechnung eines brillenglases und herstellung desselben |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3182876A1 true EP3182876A1 (de) | 2017-06-28 |
Family
ID=54238379
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15771859.4A Withdrawn EP3182876A1 (de) | 2014-08-23 | 2015-08-24 | Verfahren zur bestimmung einer optischen korrektur für ein fehlsichtiges auge einer person, verfahren zur berechnung eines brillenglases und herstellung desselben |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3182876A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2016030337A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11290273A (ja) * | 1998-04-07 | 1999-10-26 | Canon Inc | 検眼装置 |
DE102007015908A1 (de) * | 2007-04-02 | 2008-10-09 | Rodenstock Gmbh | Subjektive Simulation der Abbildungseigenschaften von Sportbrillen |
DE102013203288B4 (de) | 2012-10-29 | 2016-10-27 | Thomas Wedershoven | Verfahren zur Berechnung und Herstellung eines Brillenglases für ein fehlsichtiges Auge |
-
2015
- 2015-08-24 WO PCT/EP2015/069374 patent/WO2016030337A1/de active Application Filing
- 2015-08-24 EP EP15771859.4A patent/EP3182876A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2016030337A1 (de) | 2016-03-03 |
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