EP3179114A1 - System zur rückgewinnung von wärmeenergie, die von einem in eine isolationsflüssigkeit eingetauchten transformator ausgeht, und mit einem solchen system ausgestatteter transformator - Google Patents

System zur rückgewinnung von wärmeenergie, die von einem in eine isolationsflüssigkeit eingetauchten transformator ausgeht, und mit einem solchen system ausgestatteter transformator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3179114A1
EP3179114A1 EP16202667.8A EP16202667A EP3179114A1 EP 3179114 A1 EP3179114 A1 EP 3179114A1 EP 16202667 A EP16202667 A EP 16202667A EP 3179114 A1 EP3179114 A1 EP 3179114A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transformer
insulating liquid
film
immersed
thermoelectric film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16202667.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
André-Philippe CHAMARET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SNCF Voyageurs SA
Original Assignee
SNCF Mobilites
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNCF Mobilites filed Critical SNCF Mobilites
Publication of EP3179114A1 publication Critical patent/EP3179114A1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/324—Insulation between coil and core, between different winding sections, around the coil; Other insulation structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for recovering thermal energy dissipated by an electrical power transformer immersed in an insulating liquid.
  • the invention also relates to a transformer immersed in an insulating liquid equipped with such a thermal energy recovery system.
  • High voltage electrical equipment such as transformers, is usually immersed in an insulating liquid.
  • Such a submerged transformer generally comprises one or more tanks in which are housed the electrical elements of the transformer (the primary and secondary windings, generally formed of copper coils, and the magnetic circuits carrying these windings). These electrical elements, also referred to as “active parts” are immersed in an insulating liquid to be able to be cooled.
  • the insulating liquid is dielectric and heat-carrying. The latter isolates the active parts from each other and from the mass. The insulating liquid also cools the active parts of the transformer.
  • the insulating liquid is typically mineral oil or silicone oil.
  • Submerged transformers also include an expansion tank.
  • This expansion vessel arranged above the tanks, allows a variation of the level of insulating liquid in the tank without impacting the pressure in the transformer or discover the active parts. Indeed, the volume of the insulating liquids varies according to the temperature of the liquid. Thus, as the temperature increases, the insulating liquid expands and the pressure in the transformer increases. Conversely, when the transformer cools, the insulation liquid contracts, the pressure in the transformer decreases.
  • a submerged transformer also generally comprises heat exchangers, of the radiator type, which are connected to the tanks via tubings allowing the flow of the insulating liquid between the tanks and the external radiators. These radiators form a cooling system of the transformer.
  • An immersed transformer produces heat through the electrical elements (copper coils, magnetic circuits, electrical connections) that compose it.
  • This thermal energy dissipated by the transformer results in particular Joule losses losses of copper coils, eddy current losses of the associated conductors, loss of magnetic circuits at the burrs, hardened zones, etc.
  • the losses can be significant (of the order of 100 to 200 kW) for the transformers of the motor vehicles of railway rolling stock.
  • the inventors have sought to improve the energy efficiency of transformers by implementing a device for recovering the electrical energy dissipated by a submerged transformer.
  • the invention aims to provide a thermal energy recovery system dissipated by a power transformer immersed in an insulating liquid.
  • the invention also aims at providing, in at least one embodiment, a system which makes it possible to improve the energy efficiency of the submerged power transformer and generally to improve the energy efficiency of any electrical chain comprising this power transformer. immersed.
  • the invention aims in particular to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, a system which makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption of the electrical chain comprising a power transformer immersed.
  • the invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, a system that reduces the sensitivity of the submerged power transformer to atmospheric conditions in the case where the transformer is used outdoors.
  • the invention also aims at providing a rail vehicle power unit equipped with a thermal energy recovery system according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to a system for recovering thermal energy dissipated by an electrical transformer immersed in a dielectric insulating liquid and comprising windings and magnetic circuits bathed in this insulating liquid and, at least one pipe element receiving said insulating liquid.
  • the invention relates to a thermal energy recovery system for equipping a transformer immersed in a dielectric insulating liquid.
  • the system according to the invention comprises at least one flexible thermoelectric film adapted to be wound around a transformer piping element (for example a tank of the transformer in which the windings and the magnetic circuits are installed and / or a tubing connecting a tank to an auxiliary member such as a cooling radiator of the transformer) and at least one electric charge supplied with current by the thermoelectric film.
  • a transformer piping element for example a tank of the transformer in which the windings and the magnetic circuits are installed and / or a tubing connecting a tank to an auxiliary member such as a cooling radiator of the transformer
  • thermoelectric film is a film capable of transforming an energy heat in an electric energy. Also, the inventors came up with the idea of using such a thermoelectric film and winding it around a piping element of an immersed transformer to recover the energy dissipated by the transformer and to transform this thermal energy into energy. electric. Indeed, the active parts of the transformer (windings and magnetic circuits) heat up when the transformer is in operation. This heating is captured by the insulating liquid in which the active parts are immersed. This captured heat is naturally transmitted to the walls of the pipe elements that receive the insulating liquid. Also, the thermoelectric films wound around these piping elements (tanks and / or pipes) capture the heat of the insulating liquid, directly resulting from the thermal heat dissipated by the transformer.
  • each pipe element - in particular each tank and each tubular - is surrounded by a thermoelectric film so as to be able to capture the heat dissipated at the various places where this dissipation occurs.
  • the inventors have imagined recovering this dissipated thermal energy to transform it into exploitable electric energy for other applications.
  • the system according to the invention allows the supply of an electric charge directly from the energy produced by the thermoplastic film (s) wound (s) around the element (s) ) of the transformer piping.
  • a system according to the invention thus makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the transformer and to reduce the power consumption of any architecture implementing a system according to the invention.
  • a system according to the invention also makes it possible to limit the heating phenomena of the transformer by capturing the thermal energy.
  • a system according to the invention serves as the thermal insulation of the transformer. This feature is particularly interesting for a transformer installed outdoors and subject to the vagaries of weather conditions, which is particularly the case for some transformers mounted on the roof of motor vehicles.
  • a system according to the invention comprises at least one electrical energy storage device connected to said thermoelectric film (s) so as to be able to store the electrical energy produced by this thermoelectric film (s) in order to a subsequent use.
  • the electrical energy produced by the system can be stored in a storage battery or equivalent means. This makes it possible to constitute a reserve of usable electrical energy when necessary, either to supply an electric charge of the system when the transformer is not in operation (it does not then dissipate more heat and the system therefore no longer produces electrical energy ), or to supply an accessory electrical accessory later.
  • a system according to the invention comprises at least one electric converter arranged between said thermoelectric film (s) and said electric charge (s) so as to be able to transform the energy produced in electrical energy compatible with the said charge (s).
  • the system provides a converter configured to adapt the current delivered to a specific load.
  • a system according to the invention comprises a plurality of auxiliary equipment supplied with current by the energy produced by the said thermoelectric film (s).
  • said plurality of auxiliary equipment comprises at least sensors for monitoring the immersed transformer.
  • the system is autonomous in energy and the monitoring of the transformer is carried out by the use of sensors which are supplied with current by the electrical energy produced by the recovery system.
  • sensors are, for example, temperature sensors of the insulating liquid of the tanks, gas analyzers present in the insulating liquid and, in general, all types of sensors making it possible to monitor the parameters of the transformer.
  • each vessel and each tubular is covered with a flexible thermoelectric film.
  • a system according to this variant makes it possible to optimize the recovery of the thermal energy dissipated by the transformer by covering each pipe element likely to heat up during operation of the transformer by a thermoelectric film.
  • At least one flexible thermoelectric film is a film of thin semiconductors or a film of Seebeck effect cells interconnected.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical transformer immersed in a dielectric insulating liquid comprising at least one pipe element containing a dielectric insulating liquid able to heat up in contact with windings and magnetic circuits bathed in this insulating liquid, characterized in that it is equipped with a thermal energy recovery system according to the invention.
  • said pipe element is a tank in which are housed said windings and magnetic circuits and / or a pipe connecting this tank to an external device, the cooling radiator type.
  • thermoelectric films can be wound on each transformer piping element or only on certain elements (tanks and / or pipes) depending on the targeted applications and the loads to be supplied.
  • each pipe element is covered with a thermoelectric film.
  • the invention also relates to a motor vehicle engine comprising a submerged transformer, characterized in that it comprises a system for recovering energy according to the invention
  • the invention also relates to a system for recovering thermal energy dissipated by a submerged electrical transformer and a power unit equipped with such a thermal energy recovery system characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above or above. after.
  • a transformer 10 according to one embodiment of the invention equipped with a thermal energy recovery system according to one embodiment of the invention is shown schematically on the figure 1 .
  • Such a transformer 10 comprises a sealed tank 11 in which are housed windings 12 and 13 magnetic circuits. These elements are visible on the figure 1 through the torn portion of the tank, it being understood that this torn portion is shown for purposes of illustration of the elements housed in the tank and that it has no real existence.
  • This tank 11 also contains a dielectric liquid insulation, which is for example a silicone oil or a carboxylic ester.
  • the transformer also comprises a pipe 18 connecting the vessel 11 to an external member, such as a cooling radiator for example (not shown in the figures).
  • the transformer 10 is equipped with a thermal energy recovery system according to the invention.
  • This system comprises a flexible thermoelectric film 20 wound around the tank 11 and an electric charge 21 connected to the thermoelectric film 20 via electrical conductors 22.
  • the thermoelectric film can be of any type. It can for example be formed by a layer of semiconductors
  • the figure 2 illustrates the principle of thermal energy recovery at a pipe element 19.
  • This element 19 of piping may be the tank 11 of the figure 1 or the tubing 18 of the figure 1 connected to the tank 11.
  • a thermoelectric film 20 is wound around this element 19 of piping.
  • the insulating liquid schematically represented by points referenced 28 on the figure 2 , is contained inside this element 19 of piping and captures the heat generated by the active parts of the transformer. On the figure 2 the active parts are not represented.
  • the element 19 of piping is the tank 11 of the figure 1
  • the active parts are directly housed in the pipe element and the insulating liquid contained in this element is directly heated by the active parts.
  • the insulating liquid of the tubing is heated by conduction of the heat captured by the insulating liquid present in the tank and transmitted to the entire liquid circuit.
  • the heat captured by the insulating liquid (either directly in the case of the tank, or indirectly in the case of a pipe) is naturally transmitted to the walls 24 of the pipe 19 element.
  • the heat captured by the walls 24 is transmitted to the thermoelectric film.
  • the film transforms the heat into electrical energy and the latter can thus feed the load 21.
  • thermoelectric film capable of producing electrical energy from small temperature differences.
  • a thermoelectric film capable of producing electrical energy from small temperature differences.
  • Such a movie can for example consist of a layer of semiconductors, Seebeck cells interconnected or any equivalent material capable of producing electrical energy from a temperature difference.
  • the figure 3 represents a system according to an embodiment of the invention comprising a transformer 10 surrounded by a thermoelectric film.
  • This representation is schematic and in practice only the tanks and / or the pipes are surrounded by thermoelectric film as explained in connection with the Figures 1 and 2 .
  • the system of figure 3 further comprises a battery 30 for storing electrical energy produced by the thermoelectric film.
  • This battery 30 is itself connected to a load 21.
  • the system also comprises a switching box 32 configured to conduct the electrical energy produced by the thermoelectric film 20 to either the storage battery 30 or directly to the consumer load 21 of electrical energy.
  • thermoelectric film powered by the thermoelectric film.
  • This equipment is for example 10 immersed transformer monitoring sensors.
  • the figure 4 is a view of a system according to another embodiment of the invention comprising a submerged transformer 10 surrounded by a thermoelectric film capable of sensing the thermal energy dissipated by the transformer at the walls of the tank 11 and / or tubings 18 connected to the tank.
  • the energy produced by the thermoelectric film 20 supplies a battery 30 which itself feeds various sensors 34a, 34b, 34c for monitoring the submerged transformer 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)
EP16202667.8A 2015-12-10 2016-12-07 System zur rückgewinnung von wärmeenergie, die von einem in eine isolationsflüssigkeit eingetauchten transformator ausgeht, und mit einem solchen system ausgestatteter transformator Withdrawn EP3179114A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1562126A FR3045142B1 (fr) 2015-12-10 2015-12-10 Systeme de recuperation d'energie thermique dissipee par un transformateur immerge dans un liquide isolant et transformateur equipe d'un tel systeme

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3179114A1 true EP3179114A1 (de) 2017-06-14

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EP16202667.8A Withdrawn EP3179114A1 (de) 2015-12-10 2016-12-07 System zur rückgewinnung von wärmeenergie, die von einem in eine isolationsflüssigkeit eingetauchten transformator ausgeht, und mit einem solchen system ausgestatteter transformator

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP3179114A1 (de)
FR (1) FR3045142B1 (de)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3008300A (en) * 1959-04-09 1961-11-14 Carrier Corp Thermoelectric apparatus for heating or cooling of fluids
US3170130A (en) * 1962-01-24 1965-02-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Transformer cooling using thermoelectric devices
US4081776A (en) * 1975-06-16 1978-03-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Transformer with heat conducting laminate

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3008300A (en) * 1959-04-09 1961-11-14 Carrier Corp Thermoelectric apparatus for heating or cooling of fluids
US3170130A (en) * 1962-01-24 1965-02-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Transformer cooling using thermoelectric devices
US4081776A (en) * 1975-06-16 1978-03-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Transformer with heat conducting laminate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3045142A1 (fr) 2017-06-16
FR3045142B1 (fr) 2017-12-29

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