EP3177477A1 - Verfahren zum berührungslosen laden oder entladen eines batteriebetriebenen objekts - Google Patents
Verfahren zum berührungslosen laden oder entladen eines batteriebetriebenen objektsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3177477A1 EP3177477A1 EP15730500.4A EP15730500A EP3177477A1 EP 3177477 A1 EP3177477 A1 EP 3177477A1 EP 15730500 A EP15730500 A EP 15730500A EP 3177477 A1 EP3177477 A1 EP 3177477A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- loading
- unloading station
- battery
- discharging
- lateral
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
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Classifications
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- H02J7/025—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
- B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
- B60L53/37—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles using optical position determination, e.g. using cameras
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
- B60L53/38—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
- H04B5/24—Inductive coupling
- H04B5/26—Inductive coupling using coils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/60—Navigation input
- B60L2240/62—Vehicle position
- B60L2240/622—Vehicle position by satellite navigation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
- B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
- B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
- B60L2270/147—Emission reduction of noise electro magnetic [EMI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/79—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the contactless charging or discharging of a battery-operated object, for example an electric vehicle or an e-bike.
- a battery-operated object for example an electric vehicle or an e-bike.
- Other applications can be, for example
- a computer program, a system and a loading / unloading station and a battery-powered object are specified, which are set up to carry out the method.
- a transmission of electrical power takes place via an air gap.
- a coil pair is used, which is inductively coupled to each other via a magnetic alternating field.
- the magnetically coupled coil pair can be modeled as a transformer with a large air gap.
- the size of the air gap affects the size of stray inductances of the system and determines the degree of coupling between the coils of the coil pair, which in the context of the invention is represented as a coupling factor.
- a magnetically coupled coil pair which a primary coil, a loading / unloading station and a
- the object in a first step, is transferred to a reference position with respect to the loading / unloading station, in a second step in the reference position, a reference parameter is determined, in a third step based on the reference parameter, a lateral target Offset and / or a vertical target height of the object is determined to the loading / unloading station and in a fourth step on the basis of the lateral reference offset and / or the vertical target height, the object in a loading / unloading position with respect Charging / unloading station is transferred, in which the non-contact charging or
- Positioning of the object with respect to the loading / unloading station can be carried out by methods known from the prior art, for example by means of GPS, indoor GPS, optical or ultrasonic sensors, one
- Video system or a combination thereof a measurement of the electrical and / or magnetic parameters of the coil pair can be used as a reference.
- the transfer of the object into the reference position can also take place in a known manner, if appropriate by controlling a drive system of the battery-powered object and / or by displaying
- Positioning instructions to persons In the case of electric vehicles can be accessed, for example, the resources of a parking assistant.
- Reference position can be determined by an optimal alignment or position of the coils to each other.
- the reference parameter is a coupling factor or a mutual inductance, which describes the quality of the magnetic coupling of the coil pair.
- the coupling factor or the mutual inductance can be measured by means of a current and / or voltage measurement when subjected to a reference signal, d. H. through a defined current or voltage profile.
- the defined current or voltage profile can be determined both by the battery-operated object and, as is preferred, by the charging device.
- the charging / discharging station or the battery-powered object measures the received current or voltage profile by means of suitable voltage and current sensors.
- the coupling factor is determined from the ratio of transmitted to received current or voltage.
- the reference parameter is, according to another embodiment of the invention, a height of the object above the loading / unloading station.
- the height of the object above the loading / unloading station can in the above-mentioned model determine a size of an air gap between the object and the loading / unloading station, in particular between the primary and secondary coils, and thus be decisive for the size of the leakage inductance.
- the height of the object above the loading / unloading station can be determined using known sensors, for example using GPS, indoor GPS, or visually or acoustically, for example using camera data or ultrasound.
- Look-up table (lateral look-up table) a lateral setpoint offset, ie, a specific spatial offset determined from the reference parameter.
- the goal here may be a relatively constant coupling factor over one variable air gap or via a variable transmission partner to allow. This is achieved by taking advantage of the lateral desired offset between the primary and secondary coils, which is adjusted so that there is a constant coupling factor.
- the relationship between the coupling factor and the relative offset can be considered more functional
- Lookup tables can be stored.
- the setpoint height of the object with respect to the loading station is set with existing actuators.
- a vehicle may be, for example, an existing air suspension.
- the relationship between the coupling factor and the desired height can be present as a functional relationship and in the
- Lookup table be filed.
- the functional relationship of the height of the object above the loading / unloading station and the desired height can also be stored in such look-up tables.
- the object is transferred to the loading / unloading position with respect to the loading / unloading station, for example by applying the lateral target offset to the reference position.
- the resources of a parking assistant can be accessed. It may be provided to initiate thereafter non-contact charging or discharging.
- the described method is reapplied. In the event that the determined
- Reference parameter is above or below a certain threshold, a further lateral target offset and / or a further target height is determined based on the reference parameter.
- the method can therefore be performed iterated.
- An abort criterion may be that a determined reference parameter is above or below the threshold value, whereby the loading / unloading position is defined with respect to the loading / unloading station. As soon as the determined reference value is within the desired limits, non-contact charging or discharging is initiated.
- Computer program is executed on a programmable computer device.
- the computer program may be, for example, a software module, a software routine or a software subroutine for implementing a charge / discharge system with a battery powered object and a charge / discharge station.
- the computer program may be stored on or distributed on the battery operated object as well as on the load / unload station, in particular on permanent or rewritable machine readable storage media or in association with a computing device, such as a portable storage such as a CD-ROM, DVD, Blu -ray disc, a USB stick or a memory card.
- the computer program may be run on a computer
- Computer equipment such as on a server or a cloud server to be provided for download, for example via a data network such as the Internet or via a communication connection such as a telephone line or a wireless connection.
- a data network such as the Internet
- a communication connection such as a telephone line or a wireless connection.
- Computer program stored on a control unit in the vehicle.
- a system is provided with a charging / discharging station, a battery powered object and a control device, wherein the control device is set up, the object in a
- the system is preferably designed and / or set up to carry out the described methods. Accordingly, the features described in the context of the method apply correspondingly to the system and, conversely, the features described within the context of the system apply correspondingly to the methods.
- the controller can thereby the loading / unloading station or the
- Control units are equipped, which carry out the inventive method together.
- the inventive method can be provided that the
- Control device with other driver assistance systems in particular communicate with a parking assistant or access their resources.
- a charging / discharging station and a battery operated object for use in such a system are provided.
- the terms “battery” and “battery operated” are used herein
- the battery cells are preferably spatially combined and interconnected circuitry, for example, connected in series or parallel to modules to provide the required performance data with the battery cells can.
- any other electrical energy storage device is conceivable, for example double-layer capacitors.
- the battery-powered object may be a motor vehicle, wherein the battery is connected to a drive system of the motor vehicle.
- Motor vehicle can be designed as a pure electric vehicle and
- the motor vehicle may be designed as a plug-in hybrid vehicle comprising an electric drive system and an internal combustion engine, wherein the
- An advantage of the invention is that the described method and system enable an approximately constant coupling factor over a variable air gap and / or via different transmission partners. This facilitates the design of power electronic components in the loading / unloading station, as well as the coil pair. This allows a cost and / or space reduction can be achieved.
- Efficiency is achieved that a minimum / maximum behavior of the system is significantly reduced.
- Another advantage is that the invention can be applied to an in principle arbitrary transformer, in particular the topology of
- FIG. 1 shows a system with a battery-powered object and a charging device.
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of primary
- Figure 3 is a further schematic representation of primary
- Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the dependence of
- Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating the dependence of
- FIG. 6 shows a diagram for depicting the dependency of the
- Figures 7A-7D current and voltage curves during non-contact charging or discharging according to the prior art and with the measures of the invention in comparison.
- FIG. 1 shows a system 100 according to the invention with a battery-operated object 4, for example an electric vehicle, and a loading / unloading station 2, which are arranged in a specific spatial position relative to one another.
- the battery-powered object 4 will also be referred to as object 4 for short.
- the spatial position relative to one another in this example is described by a size h of an air gap and by a lateral offset which is measured in a first direction with dx and in a second direction with dy.
- the size h of the air gap may correspond to a height of the object 4 above the loading / unloading station 2.
- the loading / unloading station 2 has a planarly arranged primary coil 6, which is arranged in a floor.
- the object 4 has a likewise planar arranged secondary coil 8, via which a battery (not shown) can be charged or discharged.
- the primary coil 6 and the secondary coil 8 are positioned exactly above one another.
- the size h of the air gap may correspond to a size of a vertical distance of the coils 6, 8 to one another.
- the design of the power electronics 18, 24 takes place in the loading / unloading station 2 and in the object 4 to a nominal operating point and for a specific coupling factor.
- the actual operating point differs in reality from the nominal operating point, since the size h of the air gap is dependent on the installation location of the secondary coil 8 and, for example, in the case of an electric vehicle is also dependent on the load of the vehicle.
- the actual operating point or actual coupling factor also deviates from one another by the actual lateral offset of the coils 6, 8. This complicates the interpretation of power electronic components, as well as the
- inventive measures has a strong preferred operating point, other operating points, however, are significantly disadvantaged, for example, in terms of efficiency.
- a control device 10 is provided, which is connected on the one hand to one of the coils 6, 8 and on the other hand to sensors 11, for example ultrasonic sensors.
- the control unit 10 is set up to determine one or more reference parameters and, based on the reference parameter (s), to determine a lateral setpoint offset of the object 4 relative to the loading / unloading station 2.
- control unit 10 can determine, for example, a coupling factor k, which adjusts itself by the actual position of the object 4 with respect to the loading / unloading station 2 as a reference parameter.
- the controller 10 via the sensors 11 as another
- Reference parameters determine the size h of the air gap.
- the control unit 10 is moreover configured to transfer the object 4 into a loading / unloading position on the basis of the determined lateral setpoint offset. This can be done either in an iterative process or in a direct process.
- control unit 10 is arranged on the side of the object 4.
- control unit 10 within the scope of the invention can also take place on a further control unit (not shown) which is assigned to the loading / unloading station 2.
- control unit 10 of the object 4 and the not shown further control unit of the loading / unloading station 2 for carrying out the method according to the invention communicate with each other.
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
- a primary circuit 12 comprises a network 16, which is a power or
- Voltage sources includes, for example, a public grid.
- the network 16 is connected to a primary-side power electronics 18, which a Rectification electronics and, if necessary, protective and
- the primary circuit 12 comprises a primary-side resonant network 20 which is connected to the primary-side
- Power electronics 18 is connected.
- the primary-side resonant network 20 is connected to the primary coil 6, which represents the interface of the energy transmission to the battery-powered object 4.
- the battery-powered object 4 as
- the secondary circuit 14 comprises the secondary coil 8, which with the primary coil 6 is a magnetically coupled, d. H. inductively coupled
- Coil pair forms.
- To the secondary coil 8 is a secondary side
- Resonance network 22 connected. To the secondary side
- Resonant network 22 is a secondary-side power electronics 24 is connected, which includes a rectification electronics and optionally protection and security circuits. To the secondary side
- Power electronics 24 the load 26 is connected, in particular a to be charged or discharged battery of the object. 4
- FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of the primary circuit 12 and the secondary circuit 14 according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the primary circuit 12 has as a network 16 to a voltage source, which provides the system an intermediate circuit voltage U 0 .
- a voltage source which provides the system an intermediate circuit voltage U 0 .
- This may be, for example, a rectifier with a power factor correction filter (PFC).
- PFC power factor correction filter
- the primary-side power electronics 18 here by way of example comprises four
- the diode 32 typically IGBT or MOSFET, and a diode 32 connected in anti-parallel with each other.
- the diode 32 may be either separate or integrated with the IGBT in a package, or it may also be an intrinsic body diode of a MOSFET.
- the transistors 30 are controlled by an electronic unit, not shown.
- Of the four directional elements 28 two are connected in series with each other. The two series circuits of the directional elements 28 are connected in parallel to each other, so that the overall result is a full bridge arrangement. In each case between the two series-connected straightening elements 28 is the
- the primary-side resonant network 20 which here only comprises a capacitor 38 in the form of a series resonant capacitor.
- the primary-side resonant network 20 is fed at one end by the first series connection of the directional elements 28 and at the second end by the second series circuit of the directional elements 28.
- the primary coil 6 is located on the output side of the primary-side resonant network 20, the primary coil 6 is located.
- a capacitor 40 of the secondary-side resonant network 22 connects to the secondary coil 8.
- Resonant networks 20, 22, that in other speech regimes the coils 6, 8 may be counted as belonging to the resonant networks 20, 22.
- the current of the secondary-side power electronics 24 is supplied, which in the illustrated embodiment includes four diodes 34, which are essentially interconnected with each other like the directional elements 28 in the primary-side power electronics 18, so that a passive bridge rectifier is formed.
- the secondary-side power electronics 24 also includes a parallel to the diodes 34 connected capacitor 36, the purpose of which is the
- Output capacitor and the battery can be used for reasons of
- the secondary-side power electronics 24 fulfills the task of rectifying the received alternating current signal of the secondary side
- FIG. 4 shows the qualitative dependence of the coupling factor k on one
- the coupling factor k shows a non-linear behavior with a monotonous drop compared to the increasing lateral displacement dx or dy.
- the lateral distance dx or dy is adjusted so that an approximately constant coupling factor is established even with different air gaps, as a line 43 shows. Instead, an area may be provided in which the coupling factor is to be located before the charging / discharging process can be initiated.
- the vehicle is offset from an initial position at too low an air gap, wherein the initial position is typically a
- Position is in which an optimal energy transfer takes place, in which the coils 6, 8 are thus optimally aligned with each other.
- the vehicle is placed exactly above the primary coil 6.
- FIG. 5 shows a dependence of a desired offset dx * or dy * on the size h of the air gap.
- the curve shows a nonlinear monotone decreasing behavior of the desired offset dx * or dy * from a minimum value of the magnitude h min up to a maximum value of the size h max .
- the system determines the desired offset dx * or dy *, which is applied to the current position of the object 4, from the measurement of the magnitude h, for example, based on a dependency behavior shown in the look-up table.
- FIG. 6 shows the effect that the application of the desired offset dx * or dy * has on the current position of the object 4.
- an efficiency del_eta on the size h of the air gap
- a lower area 48 the dependence of the coupling factor k on the size h of the air gap.
- the efficiency with application of the method according to the invention is shown as eta n .
- the efficiency eta n is essentially constant, while the efficiency eta 0 without
- Coupling factor k 0 without application of the method according to the invention shows a non-linear dependence on the size h of the air gap.
- FIGS. 7A to 7D show current and voltage profiles in diagrams, with FIGS. 7A and 7B showing a system 100 without the use of the FIGS
- FIGS. 7A and 7C show a system 100 embodying the invention.
- the solid lines represent the voltage and the dotted lines represent the current.
- FIGS. 7A and 7C represent the signal in FIG.
- Both systems 100 are each designed so that both the minimum air gap h min as well as the maximum air gap h max the full rated power can be transmitted.
- FIGS. 7A and 7C It can be seen from FIGS. 7A and 7C that the current in the system 100 according to the invention is significantly reduced by the primary coil 6, since the primary coil 6 with a larger number of turns can be optimally designed for this operating point.
- the primary-side power electronics 18 switches close to Current zero crossing, resulting in much lower losses in the system 100. The efficiency can therefore be increased and the effort in the
- Primary-side power electronics 18 are reduced, in particular with respect to the used semiconductor surface of the transistors and the cooling effort.
- the maximum air gap h max is an unfavorable operating point for the primary side
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014215299.2A DE102014215299A1 (de) | 2014-08-04 | 2014-08-04 | Verfahren zum berührungslosen Laden oder Entladen eines batteriebetriebenen Objekts |
PCT/EP2015/063915 WO2016020099A1 (de) | 2014-08-04 | 2015-06-22 | Verfahren zum berührungslosen laden oder entladen eines batteriebetriebenen objekts |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3177477A1 true EP3177477A1 (de) | 2017-06-14 |
Family
ID=53442794
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP15730500.4A Withdrawn EP3177477A1 (de) | 2014-08-04 | 2015-06-22 | Verfahren zum berührungslosen laden oder entladen eines batteriebetriebenen objekts |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10239413B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3177477A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN106575885B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102014215299A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2016020099A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US11689856B2 (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2023-06-27 | The Lovesac Company | Electronic furniture systems with integrated induction charger |
DE102016217703B4 (de) | 2016-09-15 | 2024-07-18 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Information in Bezug auf ein induktives Koppelsystem |
DE102017108267A1 (de) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-10-25 | Innofas Gmbh | Prüfstand zum Prüfen für kontaktloses Laden |
EP4070983A1 (de) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-10-12 | BRUSA Elektronik AG | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur führung eines fahrzeugs |
DE102021210769A1 (de) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-30 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Batteriesystem und Verfahren zum Betrieb des solchen sowie Fahrzeug |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5425539B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-27 | 2014-02-26 | パナソニック株式会社 | 非接触電力伝送システム |
JP2010178499A (ja) * | 2009-01-29 | 2010-08-12 | Aisin Aw Co Ltd | 無接点充電装置、その無接点充電装置用の位置関係検出装置の測距装置、及び、位置関係検出装置の被測距装置 |
US8655530B2 (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2014-02-18 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Parking assist device for vehicle and electrically powered vehicle including the same |
JP5970158B2 (ja) | 2011-02-10 | 2016-08-17 | 国立大学法人埼玉大学 | 非接触給電装置 |
JP2015508940A (ja) * | 2012-02-16 | 2015-03-23 | オークランド ユニサービシズ リミテッドAuckland Uniservices Limited | 複数コイル磁束パッド |
JP6151246B2 (ja) * | 2012-05-21 | 2017-06-21 | 株式会社テクノバ | 非接触給電トランス |
CN104380401B (zh) * | 2012-05-21 | 2017-07-07 | 株式会社泰库诺瓦 | 移动体用非接触供电变压器 |
JP5591283B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-14 | 2014-09-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 非接触送電装置、非接触受電装置、および非接触送受電システム |
EP2712762B1 (de) * | 2012-09-28 | 2021-09-01 | Valeo Siemens eAutomotive Germany GmbH | Positioniersystem und Verfahren zur Positionierung eines Fahrzeuges |
JP5286445B1 (ja) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-09-11 | 株式会社日立パワーソリューションズ | 電動式移動体の無線給電装置 |
CN103746462B (zh) * | 2013-07-11 | 2016-01-20 | 重庆米亚车辆技术有限公司 | 一种用于无线电能传输的双边lcc补偿网络及其调谐方法 |
-
2014
- 2014-08-04 DE DE102014215299.2A patent/DE102014215299A1/de active Pending
-
2015
- 2015-06-22 WO PCT/EP2015/063915 patent/WO2016020099A1/de active Application Filing
- 2015-06-22 EP EP15730500.4A patent/EP3177477A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-06-22 CN CN201580041711.6A patent/CN106575885B/zh active Active
- 2015-06-22 US US15/329,454 patent/US10239413B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN106575885B (zh) | 2020-02-18 |
DE102014215299A1 (de) | 2016-02-04 |
US20170320394A1 (en) | 2017-11-09 |
WO2016020099A1 (de) | 2016-02-11 |
US10239413B2 (en) | 2019-03-26 |
CN106575885A (zh) | 2017-04-19 |
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