EP3175175A1 - Ensemble formant brûleur et évaporateur de film - Google Patents

Ensemble formant brûleur et évaporateur de film

Info

Publication number
EP3175175A1
EP3175175A1 EP15747974.2A EP15747974A EP3175175A1 EP 3175175 A1 EP3175175 A1 EP 3175175A1 EP 15747974 A EP15747974 A EP 15747974A EP 3175175 A1 EP3175175 A1 EP 3175175A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film evaporator
combustion chamber
fuel
combustion air
combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15747974.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Zoske
Volodymyr Ilchenko
Klaus MÖSL
Vitali Dell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Webasto SE
Original Assignee
Webasto SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Webasto SE filed Critical Webasto SE
Publication of EP3175175A1 publication Critical patent/EP3175175A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C5/00—Stoves or ranges for liquid fuels
    • F24C5/02—Stoves or ranges for liquid fuels with evaporation burners, e.g. dish type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D5/00—Burners in which liquid fuel evaporates in the combustion space, with or without chemical conversion of evaporated fuel
    • F23D5/02—Burners in which liquid fuel evaporates in the combustion space, with or without chemical conversion of evaporated fuel the liquid forming a pool, e.g. bowl-type evaporators, dish-type evaporators
    • F23D5/04—Pot-type evaporators, i.e. using a partially-enclosed combustion space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D5/00—Burners in which liquid fuel evaporates in the combustion space, with or without chemical conversion of evaporated fuel
    • F23D5/06—Burners in which liquid fuel evaporates in the combustion space, with or without chemical conversion of evaporated fuel the liquid forming a film on one or more plane or convex surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D5/00—Burners in which liquid fuel evaporates in the combustion space, with or without chemical conversion of evaporated fuel
    • F23D5/02—Burners in which liquid fuel evaporates in the combustion space, with or without chemical conversion of evaporated fuel the liquid forming a pool, e.g. bowl-type evaporators, dish-type evaporators
    • F23D5/04—Pot-type evaporators, i.e. using a partially-enclosed combustion space
    • F23D5/045—Pot-type evaporators, i.e. using a partially-enclosed combustion space with forced draft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/21—Burners specially adapted for a particular use
    • F23D2900/21002—Burners specially adapted for a particular use for use in car heating systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a film evaporator-burner assembly and a mobile heater with such a film evaporator-burner assembly.
  • burner arrangements In mobile heaters, which are operated with liquid fuel, as used in particular in parking heaters or auxiliary heaters in vehicles, usually burner arrangements are used, in which the fuel is converted with supplied combustion air in a combustion chamber with the release of heat.
  • the reaction is usually carried out in a flaming combustion, although in principle a partial or fully catalytic conversion is possible.
  • a “mobile heater” in the present context is understood to mean a heater that is designed and adapted for use in mobile applications, in particular that it is transportable (possibly permanently installed in a vehicle or merely accommodated for transport therein ) and not exclusively for a permanent, stationary use, as is the case, for example, when heating a building, while the mobile heater can also be fixed in a vehicle (land vehicle, ship, etc.), in particular in a vehicle
  • it may be designed for heating a vehicle interior, such as a land vehicle, watercraft or aircraft, as well as a partially open space, such as can be found on ships, in particular yachts be used also temporarily stationary, such as in large tents, containers n (for example, construction containers), etc.
  • the mobile heater as a heater or additional heating for a land vehicle, such as for a caravan, a motorhome, a bus, a car, etc., be designed.
  • atomizing burners in which the liquid fuel is injected with a spray nozzle and mixed with combustion air
  • evaporator burners in which the liquid fuel evaporates from an evaporator region of the burner assembly becomes.
  • the liquid Fuel usually supplied in liquid form to a porous, absorbent evaporator element, in which the fuel is distributed by capillary forces and from which the liquid fuel is evaporated by absorbing heat of vaporization.
  • the vaporized fuel is mixed in this case with supplied combustion air to a fuel-air mixture and the fuel-air mixture is reacted in the combustion chamber with the release of heat.
  • the film evaporator-burner assembly includes: a combustor assembly having a combustor for reacting a fuel-air mixture to release heat that extends in an axial direction along a longitudinal axis; a combustion air supply for supplying combustion air, which is designed such that combustion air is supplied with a tangential flow component at at least one combustion air inlet of the combustion chamber arrangement; a film evaporator surface for evaporating liquid fuel from a fuel film disposed on a rear wall axially rearward of the combustion air inlet; and a fuel supply for supplying liquid fuel to the film evaporator surface.
  • the film evaporator burner assembly is designed as an evaporator burner, relatively small heating outputs can be reliably provided, as they are often desirable in mobile heaters.
  • a film evaporator burner assembly with a film evaporator surface for the evaporation of liquid fuel while the usually in evaporator burners having porous, absorbent elements, occurring problems, such as in particular deposit formation in the Evaporator element, high electrical energy consumption at a start of the burner assembly for heating the evaporator element, increased exhaust emissions when starting and stopping the combustion operation due to fuel residues in the evaporator element, etc., avoided, since the evaporation of the liquid fuel in the film evaporator burner assembly starting from a film of liquid fuel distributed on the film evaporator surface.
  • the arrangement of the film evaporator surface axially rearward of the at least one combustion air inlet allows a defined heat input from the combustion process in the combustion chamber to the film evaporator surface via heat radiation and targeted convection.
  • At least one combustion air inlet means that, for example, a plurality of separate combustion air inlets may also be provided, although the film evaporator surface is arranged at the rear of the respective combustion air inlets with respect to the axial direction even in such a plurality of combustion air inlets.
  • the film evaporator surface can be formed, for example, by a substantially smooth metallic surface of the rear wall.
  • the rear wall may in particular be formed by a rear wall of the combustion chamber arrangement, ie the combustion chamber itself or one of these aerodynamically upstream Vorverdampfungshunt, or for example also by a rear wall of an arranged in the combustion chamber arrangement evaporation area.
  • Combustion air with a tangential flow component ie with a swirl
  • a good distribution of the liquid fuel at the film evaporator surface is achieved and it is also achieved a stabilization of the flame in the combustion chamber.
  • the supplied combustion air thus has a directional component in the circumferential direction, but may preferably also have other directional components, for example radially inwardly directed and / or in the axial direction.
  • the combustion air is supplied with a very strong swirl to the combustion chamber arrangement.
  • the film evaporator burner assembly according to the invention allows an operation in which there is substantially no formation of deposits from the fuel.
  • the combustion chamber can be designed in particular for the implementation of the fuel-air mixture in a flaming combustion, but it is also possible, for example, a training for the implementation of the fuel-air mixture in a partially or fully catalytic combustion.
  • the fuel supply is preferably designed such that the liquid fuel sputtering or nebulization is supplied to the film evaporator surface, in particular preferably flows out under low pressure to this.
  • the fuel supply is free of atomizing nozzles.
  • combustion air at the combustion air inlet is supplied radially from the outside, a particularly good distribution of the fuel film at the film evaporator surface is achieved.
  • the combustion air thus has both a tangential and a radially inwardly directed flow component.
  • the film evaporator surface When the film evaporator surface is formed free of porous absorbent bodies, deposit formation on the film evaporator surface can be reliably prevented. A low-deposition evaporation is achieved in particular with a combination of low component temperatures and the design free of porous, absorbent bodies.
  • the film evaporator surface extends predominantly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
  • the film evaporator surface may be e.g. extend substantially planar, or also have a convex bulging shape or a concave back arched shape or the like.
  • the film evaporator surface may preferably extend over substantially the entire cross section of the rear wall of the combustion chamber arrangement in order to achieve the largest possible fuel evaporation.
  • the combustion air supply is designed such that the combustion air is supplied with the tangential flow component to the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber arrangement has no pre-evaporation chamber for processing a fuel-air mixture before entering the combustion chamber, but the mixing of the vaporized fuel with the supplied combustion air to a fuel-air mixture takes place in the combustion chamber itself.
  • the combustion chamber arrangement has a pre-evaporation chamber upstream of the combustion chamber for the preparation of a fuel-air mixture before it enters the combustion chamber.
  • a pre-evaporation chamber is to be understood as meaning a region of the combustion chamber arrangement in which an evaporation of fuel and a mixing of vaporized fuel with added leading combustion air to a fuel-air mixture, in the regular operation of the burner, however, no exothermic reaction of the mixture takes place, in particular no flame is formed.
  • the Vorverdampfungshunt thus does not form itself a part of the combustion chamber, but this is upstream of flow. By allowing in this way treatment of the fuel-air mixture before it enters the combustion chamber, a particularly low-emission combustion is possible.
  • the pre-evaporation chamber is separated from the combustion chamber by a partition wall extending radially inwardly from a side wall of the combustion chamber arrangement.
  • the subdivision of the combustion chamber arrangement in the combustion chamber and the Vorverdampfungshunt this upstream of flow is realized in a structurally particularly simple and thus cost-effective manner.
  • the film evaporator surface located on the rear wall of the combustion chamber arrangement can be thermally insulated with respect to heat conduction in a particularly advantageous manner with respect to the combustion chamber, so that a heat input to the film evaporator surface can take place mainly via heat radiation and convection.
  • the heat input to the film evaporator surface can be very selectively adjusted by the structural design of the partition.
  • the partition extends from the side wall radially inwardly and axially to the rear.
  • a particularly advantageous flow guidance is achieved in which the fuel film is distributed particularly reliably over the film evaporator surface.
  • the pre-evaporation chamber in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis has a smaller cross-section than the combustion chamber and the flow cross-section widens abruptly at a transition from the pre-evaporation chamber to the combustion chamber.
  • An abrupt widening here means an expansion with a double opening angle of greater than 90 °. In this case, a particularly good flow stabilization is achieved.
  • the combustion air supply is designed such that the combustion air is supplied with the tangential flow component to the Vorverdampfungshunt.
  • a particularly efficient mixing of vaporized fuel and supplied combustion air to a fuel-air mixture in the Vorverdampfungshunt done.
  • the fuel supply is designed such that the fuel is supplied with a tangential direction component radially from the outside to the film evaporator surface.
  • the fuel can be supplied to the combustion chamber arrangement in substantially the same direction as the combustion air.
  • the combustion chamber is formed over its axial extent free of constrictions or constrictions.
  • the combustion chamber in this case has a largely free flow cross-section. Since there are no constrictions or constrictions, a particularly robust implementation with a long service life is given. Due to the described geometric design of the combustion chamber while still achieving a good stabilization of the flame in the combustion chamber.
  • the object is also achieved by a mobile heater with such a film evaporator burner assembly according to claim 13.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of a film evaporator-burner assembly according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a swirl body in the combustion air supply according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a swirl body in the combustion air supply according to the embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of a film evaporator-burner assembly according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a film evaporator-burner assembly according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a film evaporator-burner assembly according to a fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first modification of the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second modification of the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a third modification of the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a third modification of the fourth embodiment.
  • a film evaporator-burner assembly 1 will be described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the film evaporator burner assembly 1 is designed for a mobile heater, in particular for a parking heater or auxiliary heater for a motor vehicle, in particular a (not shown) heat exchanger for transferring heat from the effluent combustion exhaust gases to a medium to be heated.
  • the medium to be heated may be e.g. be formed in the case of an air heater by air to be heated for a vehicle interior or in the case of a liquid heater by a liquid to be heated in a liquid circuit of a vehicle, in particular cooling liquid.
  • the heat exchanger can be designed in a manner known per se such that it substantially surrounds the combustion chamber and / or a flame tube adjoining it in a pot-like manner.
  • the mobile heater further comprises, in a manner known per se, a fuel delivery device for conveying the liquid fuel, which may be formed in particular by diesel, gasoline, ethanol, or the like.
  • the fuel delivery device may in particular be formed by a fuel metering pump.
  • the mobile heater has a combustion air conveying device for conveying the combustion air, which may be formed in particular by a fan, a control unit for controlling the operation of the mobile heater and other components required for the operation, which will not be described in more detail, in particular e.g. Temperature sensors, etc.
  • the film evaporator-burner assembly 1 has a combustion chamber 2, which in the illustrated example has an approximately cylindrical shape and extends along a longitudinal axis Z.
  • the combustion chamber 2 is circumferential bounded by a circumferential side wall 21, which may be formed, for example, from a high temperature resistant steel.
  • the combustion chamber assembly 1 is closed at the rear by a rear wall 3, which is formed in the first embodiment by a rear wall of the combustion chamber 2.
  • the rear wall 3 is formed on the side facing the combustion chamber 2 as a film evaporator surface 4, on which a film of the liquid fuel is distributed, starting from which an evaporation of the liquid fuel takes place.
  • a completely planar design of the rear wall 3 is shown, it is e.g. also possible to form the rear wall 3 in the direction of the combustion chamber 2 convex or concave.
  • the film evaporator surface 4 is formed in the illustrated embodiment as a substantially smooth metallic surface, e.g. but also possible to provide the film evaporator surface 4 with a roughening or fine structuring in order to improve the distribution of the liquid fuel, the wetting of the film evaporator surface 4 and the fuel evaporation.
  • combustion air supply 5 shown schematically in FIG. 1, via which combustion air with a large tangential flow component, i. a strong swirl, is introduced into the combustion chamber 2.
  • the combustion air feed 5 shown schematically by arrows in FIG. 1 is arranged such that the combustion air is spaced radially from the rear wall 3 of the combustion chamber arrangement 1 and thus spaced from the film evaporator surface 4 to the combustion chamber 2 becomes.
  • the combustion air is thus provided with a circumferentially extending flow component, i. a strong swirl, and with a radially inwardly directed flow component introduced into the combustion chamber 1, so that in the combustion chamber 2, a swirling around the longitudinal axis Z swirl flow is formed.
  • the combustion air supply 5 has a swirl body 6 with a plurality of air ducts or air vanes, in order to impart the desired strong swirl to the combustion air.
  • the exemplified swirl body 6 has substantially an annular shape and it a plurality of combustion air channels 7 is formed in the wall of the swirl body 6, can pass through the combustion air from the outside of the swirl body 6 to the inside of the swirl body 6.
  • the combustion air is the combustion air ducts 7 on the outside of the
  • combustion air inlets 8 in the combustion chamber 2 a. Although four such combustion air inlets 8 are shown schematically in the illustrated embodiment, less than four, but at least one combustion air inlet 8, or more than four combustion air inlets 8 may be provided. Due to the curved shape of the combustion air channels 7, which also taper inwards, the combustion air is provided with a strong twist and thereby accelerated, as shown schematically in Fig. 2 by thin arrows.
  • the combustion air entering from the swirl body 6 at the combustion air inlets 8 into the combustion chamber 2 thus has a large tangential directional component, that is to say a strong swirl, and at least also a radially inwardly directed directional component.
  • a fuel supply 9 is provided, which opens with respect to the main flow direction H back of the combustion air inlets 8 on the side wall 21.
  • liquid fuel which can be formed in particular by gasoline, diesel, ethanol or the like, is supplied to the film evaporator surface 4 on the rear wall 3.
  • only one fuel line and one fuel exit to the film evaporator surface 4 as the fuel supply 9 are shown in FIG. also possible to provide a plurality of fuel lines and / or a plurality of fuel exits.
  • the liquid fuel is also supplied in the embodiment with a tangential direction component, which is preferably rectified to the swirl of the supplied combustion air, and radially inwardly, which is e.g. can be realized by a corresponding orientation of the fuel outlet (or the fuel leaks).
  • the fuel leaving the fuel feed 9 is distributed on the rear wall 3 via the film evaporator surface 4, so that a fuel film 10 forms there, from which the liquid fuel evaporates or evaporates.
  • the fuel film 10 is shown schematically in Fig. 1 by a dashed line. Due to the arrangement of the film evaporator surface 4 on the back of the combustion air inlet 8, to which the heavily twisted combustion air is supplied, the fuel film 10 spreads from the liquid fuel by low axial and high tangential flow components and the temperature input into the liquid fuel of the fuel film 10 can be set very targeted.
  • an ignition element 11 for starting the reaction of the fuel / air mixture which in the schematically illustrated embodiment is e.g. formed by a glow plug.
  • the ignition element 11 protrudes in the illustrated embodiment of radially outward into the combustion chamber 2, other arrangements of the ignition element 11 are possible, in particular, the ignition element 11, for. also protrude from the rear through the rear wall 3 into the combustion chamber 2 in the axial direction.
  • Combustion chamber 2 is first ignited by means of the ignition element 11 to start the reaction. After the formation of a stable flame in the combustion chamber 2, the ignition element 11 may then be e.g. switched off or in known manner, e.g. can also be used as a flame guard to monitor the flame.
  • the combustion chamber 2 in the illustrated embodiment is configured to react the fuel-air mixture in a flaming combustion, e.g. Also an embodiment for a reaction in a partially or fully catalytic reaction in principle possible.
  • the temperature setting on the film evaporation surface 4 during operation of the film evaporator-burner assembly 1 is determined by the thermal energy introduced by the flame in the combustion chamber 2. This heat energy is transmitted convectively, via heat radiation and heat conduction in the material of the side wall 21.
  • suitable geometric design and choice of material can be set for a reliable evaporation of the liquid fuel during operation of the film evaporator burner assembly 1 optimal temperature.
  • Experience has shown that at very low temperatures below the start of boiling of the fuel or at very high temperatures above the boiling end of an evaporation or evaporation substantially without the formation of deposits possible.
  • a "washing off" of commencing formation of deposits on the rear wall 3 occurs, so that operation of the film evaporator burner assembly 1 is made possible, at least substantially without deposits from the fuel.
  • the combustion chamber 2 is free from constrictions or constrictions with an at least substantially free flow cross-section. det, so that the flow of gases in the combustion chamber 2 can be set in the desired manner.
  • a film evaporator-burner assembly 1 which is structurally simple and inexpensive to produce. Since no additional porous evaporator element is provided, problems associated with such an evaporator element are reliably avoided. Due to the robust design, there is a relatively high insensitivity to component tolerances, which also has a positive effect on the production costs. It is achieved a reduced deposit formation and thus a long life, low emissions and a high insensitivity to coarse fuel contaminants.
  • the usable evaporation area is variable, so that a wide range of different heating capacities can be provided and a large number of different liquid fuels can be used. Further, the required electric power consumption for the combustion air supply is small, and smoke and odor generation at the start and burnout of the film evaporator burner assembly 1 is greatly reduced as compared to evaporator burners with porous evaporator elements.
  • the film evaporator burner arrangement 100 according to the second embodiment shown schematically in FIG. 3 differs there from the first embodiment described above in that the combustion chamber arrangement also includes, in addition to the combustion chamber 2, a pre-evaporation chamber 12 upstream of this for the preparation of the fuel-air mixture whose entry into the combustion chamber 2, as will be described in more detail below. Further, the rear wall 3 of the combustion chamber arrangement, on which the film evaporator surface 4 is formed, not flat in the second embodiment, but has on the combustion chamber 2 side facing a concave shape on, in the concrete example shown a substantially conical shape.
  • the rear wall 3 of the combustion chamber arrangement and the film evaporator surface 4 are not arranged in the combustion chamber 2, in which the fuel-air mixture is reacted with the release of heat, but in the pre-evaporation chamber 12 upstream of this, so that the rear wall 3 of the combustion chamber arrangement forms the rear wall of the pre-evaporation chamber 12.
  • the ignition element 11 is arranged in the second embodiment such that it projects axially through the rear wall 3 of the combustion chamber arrangement into the combustion chamber 2.
  • the pre-evaporation chamber 12 is separated from the combustion chamber 2 by a partition wall 13 projecting inwardly from the circumferential side wall 21.
  • the partition 13 extends radially inwardly from the side wall 21 and axially rearward with respect to the main flow direction H.
  • the partition wall 13 does not extend over the entire cross section of the combustion chamber arrangement, but a central opening 14 is provided, via which the fuel-air mixture prepared in the pre-evaporation chamber 12 can enter the combustion chamber 2 from the pre-evaporation chamber 12.
  • the central opening 14 is arranged substantially coaxially with the longitudinal axis Z and has a substantially circular cross section, but in principle also other shapes are possible.
  • the partition wall 13 may e.g. be formed of the same material as the side wall 21, in particular high temperature resistant steel.
  • the combustion air inlets 8, at which the combustion air emerges from the swirl body 6 with a tangential flow component and at least also a radial flow component, are not arranged in the region of the combustion chamber 2 in the film evaporator burner assembly 100 according to the second embodiment. but in the region of the Vorverdampfungshunt 12. Consequently, the combustion air with the tangential flow component of radially outside the pre-evaporation shunt 12 is supplied.
  • the film evaporator surface 4 is arranged on the back side of the combustion air inlets 8.
  • a plurality of combustion air inlets 8 is shown schematically, the film evaporator burner assembly 100 in turn at least one combustion air inlet 8.
  • the fuel supply 9 supplies the liquid fuel on the back side of the combustion air inlets 8 from radially outside to the film evaporator surface 4. At least the mouth of the fuel supply 9 is preferably arranged so that the liquid fuel with a tangential direction skomponente is introduced, which corresponds to the twisting direction of the supplied combustion air.
  • the supplied liquid fuel is at least partially radially distributed on the film evaporator surface 4 to a fuel film 10, as in Fig. 3 schematically dashed lines is shown.
  • the partition 13 which separates the pre-evaporation chamber 12 from the combustion chamber 2, heats so that the fuel film 10 formed on the film evaporator surface 4 is heated and vaporized mainly by heat radiation.
  • the fuel-air mixture processed in the pre-evaporation chamber 12 passes via the central opening 14 into the combustion chamber 2 where it releases heat, e.g. in a flaming combustion, is implemented.
  • the flame in the combustion chamber 2 itself stabilizes itself. Since the combustion chamber 2 with a substantially free flow cross-section is formed free of constrictions and constrictions, the flow conditions in the combustion chamber 2 can form advantageous.
  • the concave or conically tapered rear wall 3 in conjunction with the radially inwardly and axially rearwardly extending partition 13 acting on the fuel film 10 centrifugal forces can be adjusted in a simple manner on the choice of the exact shape of the rear wall 3, so It can be ensured that the liquid fuel on the film evaporator surface 4 is not distributed too rapidly radially inwards, nor remains in the radially outer region for too long.
  • the heat exchange via heat conduction between the combustion chamber 2 and the Vorverdampfungshunt 12 can be minimized, which is technically easy to implement, for example, by a suitable choice of materials with low heat transfer coefficients, reduced contact surfaces and design barriers. In this way, it is possible to keep the back wall 3 at low temperatures during operation of the film evaporator burner assembly 100 and to heat the fuel film 10 predominantly by thermal radiation and to evaporate or vaporize.
  • the ignition element 11 With the axial arrangement of the ignition element 11 shown schematically in FIG. 3, it is also possible, in particular when the ignition element 11 is designed as a ceramic glow plug, to heat the fuel film 10 uniformly when starting the operation of the film evaporator burner assembly 100.
  • the embodiment according to the second embodiment due to the preparation of the fuel-air mixture in the Vorverdampfungshunt 12 before entering the combustion chamber 2 allows a particularly low-emission operation.
  • a third embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 4.
  • the same reference numerals are used for the respective components of the film evaporator burner assembly 200 according to the third embodiment as in the first embodiment described above. Further, only the differences from the first embodiment described above will be described below in more detail.
  • the film evaporator burner assembly 200 shown schematically in FIG. 4 according to the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment described above in that the supply of the combustion air to the combustion chamber assembly is not radially from the outside on the side wall 21, but the combustion air with the tangential flow component essentially in the axial direction to the combustion chamber arrangement to be led.
  • the film evaporator surface 4 is arranged on a recessed rear wall 3 of the combustion chamber arrangement.
  • a fourth embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 5.
  • the same reference numerals as in the previously described embodiments are used in the description of the fourth embodiment for the respective components of the film evaporator burner assembly 300 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the combustion chamber arrangement in addition to the combustion chamber 2, also has a pre-evaporation chamber 12 upstream of it for the preparation of the fuel-air mixture before it enters the combustion chamber 2.
  • the rear wall 3 of the combustion chamber arrangement and the film evaporator surface 4 are again not arranged in the combustion chamber 2, but in the vorverdampfungshunt 12 upstream of this fluidically, so that the rear wall 3 of the combustion chamber assembly forms the rear wall of the Vorverdampfungshunt 12.
  • the ignition member 11 is similarly arranged as in the second embodiment, that it protrudes in the axial direction from the rear into the Vorverdampfungshunt 12.
  • the liquid fuel via the fuel supply 9 from the outside radially to the film evaporator surface 4 having the rear wall 3 is supplied.
  • the fuel supply opens axially backward of the combustion air inlets 8 in the combustion chamber assembly.
  • the combustion air inlets 8 are arranged such that the combustion air is supplied with a strong swirl from radially outside into the Vorverdampfungshunt 12.
  • the pre-evaporation chamber 12 in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z has a substantially smaller cross-section than the combustion chamber 2.
  • the ratio D / d of the diameter D of the combustion chamber 2 to the diameter d of the pre-evaporation chamber 12 is in the range: 1.2 ⁇ D / d ⁇ 3.0; preferably 1.4 ⁇ D / d ⁇ 2.6.
  • the transition from the Vorverdampfungshunt 12 in the combustion chamber 2 is formed as a neck portion at which the cross-section in the main flow direction H abruptly widens. Over the axial length of this neck portion, the adjusting flow conditions can additionally be selectively adjusted, wherein the axial length of the neck portion can also be chosen very short in particular or the neck portion can have substantially no axial extent at all.
  • the combustion air is supplied with strong swirl to the Vorverdampfungshunt 12, which has the rear of the combustion air inlets 8 arranged film evaporator surface 4.
  • the Vorverdampfungshunt 12 takes place in this way a good mixing of the supplied combustion air with evaporating fuel to a fuel-air mixture, which flows with a high tangential flow component in the Vorverdampfungshunt 12.
  • Due to the strong expansion of the flow cross-section at the transition from the Vorverdampfungshunt 12 to the combustion chamber 2 occurs a strong radial expansion of the vortex formed, which is accompanied by a strong speed reduction in the axial direction, so that in the central region near the combustion chamber 2 forms a recirculation region in which the gases flow counter to the main flow direction H.
  • an axially symmetrical outer recirculation zone is also formed in the radially outward region of the combustion chamber 2 immediately after the transition.
  • the combustion air is preferably introduced with such a strong swirl that at the transition from the pre-evaporation chamber 12 to the combustion chamber 2 a swirl number S in the range 0.4 ⁇ S ⁇ 1.4; preferably 0.5 ⁇ S ⁇ 1.1; established. In this way, a very good flow stabilization is achieved, which in particular has a reliable anchoring of the flame in the combustion chamber 2 during operation.
  • combustion chamber arrangement in the fourth embodiment is achieved in a structurally very simple manner, which requires little space in the axial direction, a treatment of the vaporized fuel with combustion air to an at least largely pre-mixed fuel-air mixture and thereby a good flow stabilization achieved in the combustion chamber arrangement. It is possible in this way a particularly low-pollution combustion in the combustion chamber 2.
  • the first modification of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 differs from the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5 in that the liquid fuel is not supplied from radially outside to the film evaporator surface 4 but at the center of the back wall 3 in the axial direction Direction. Due to the arrangement of the film evaporator surface 4 axially rearward of the combustion air inlet 8 and the strong swirl of the supplied combustion air can be achieved in this case, a reliable fuel evaporation and mixing to a fuel-air mixture.
  • the embodiment according to the first modification further differs from the fourth embodiment described above in that the ignition element 11 is not in axial
  • the second modification of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 7 differs from the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5 only in that the fuel feed 9 opens in the axial direction on the rear wall 3 of the pre-evaporation chamber 12 providing the film evaporator surface 4.
  • the fuel supply 9 opens in the second modification while something offset in the radial direction laterally to the longitudinal axis Z.
  • the third modification of the fourth embodiment shown in Fig. 8 differs only in the configuration of the transition from the Vorverdampfungshunt 12 to the combustion chamber 2 of the second modification.
  • the flow area at the transition from the pre-evaporation chamber 12 to the combustion chamber 2 in this case still increases very sharply, but not quite as abruptly as in the fourth embodiment and its previously described Modifications of the case.
  • an approximately conical expansion with a large opening angle is realized.
  • at least one obtuse double opening angle> 90 ° is realized.
  • the individual structural features can be combined with each other in other ways.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Wick-Type Burners And Burners With Porous Materials (AREA)
  • Evaporation-Type Combustion Burners (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble formant brûleur et évaporateur de film (1) qui est équipé : d'un ensemble formant chambre de combustion comprenant une chambre de combustion (2) qui est destinée à faire réagir un mélange de combustible et d'air avec dégagement chaleur et qui s'étend dans une direction axiale le long d'un axe longitudinal (Z) ; une alimentation en air de combustion (5) destinée à amener de l'air de combustion et qui est configurée de telle sorte que l'air de combustion est amenée avec une composante d'écoulement tangentielle à au moins une entrée d'air de combustion (8) de l'ensemble formant chambre de combustion ; une surface d'évaporateur de film (4) destiné à l'évaporation de carburant liquide à partir d'un film de carburant (10) qui est disposé sur une paroi arrière (3) située axialement en arrière de l'entrée d'air de combustion (8) ; et une alimentation en combustible (9) destinée à amener du carburant liquide à la surface (4) d'évaporateur de film.
EP15747974.2A 2014-07-31 2015-07-21 Ensemble formant brûleur et évaporateur de film Withdrawn EP3175175A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014110834.5A DE102014110834A1 (de) 2014-07-31 2014-07-31 Filmverdampfer-Brenneranordnung
PCT/DE2015/100307 WO2016015713A1 (fr) 2014-07-31 2015-07-21 Ensemble formant brûleur et évaporateur de film

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3175175A1 true EP3175175A1 (fr) 2017-06-07

Family

ID=53793891

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EP15747974.2A Withdrawn EP3175175A1 (fr) 2014-07-31 2015-07-21 Ensemble formant brûleur et évaporateur de film

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20170211813A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3175175A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6406426B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20170033406A (fr)
CN (1) CN106574771A (fr)
DE (1) DE102014110834A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2656178C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016015713A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US10330313B2 (en) * 2016-07-11 2019-06-25 Well Traveled Imports INC Twirling flame heater
DE102018111636A1 (de) 2018-05-15 2019-11-21 Webasto SE Verdampferbaugruppe für mobile Heizgeräte

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DE19812561C5 (de) * 1998-03-21 2006-02-16 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Mit Flüssigbrennstoff betriebenes Heizgerät, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge

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JPS61280305A (ja) * 1985-06-04 1986-12-10 Isuzu Motors Ltd 燃焼器の構造
DE19812561C5 (de) * 1998-03-21 2006-02-16 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Mit Flüssigbrennstoff betriebenes Heizgerät, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge

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See also references of WO2016015713A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2656178C1 (ru) 2018-05-31
KR20170033406A (ko) 2017-03-24
WO2016015713A1 (fr) 2016-02-04
JP6406426B2 (ja) 2018-10-17
DE102014110834A1 (de) 2016-02-04
CN106574771A (zh) 2017-04-19
JP2017524889A (ja) 2017-08-31
US20170211813A1 (en) 2017-07-27

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