EP3175053A1 - Wärmeverbundsystem basierend auf polyurethanhartschaum für gebäudefassaden - Google Patents

Wärmeverbundsystem basierend auf polyurethanhartschaum für gebäudefassaden

Info

Publication number
EP3175053A1
EP3175053A1 EP15735712.0A EP15735712A EP3175053A1 EP 3175053 A1 EP3175053 A1 EP 3175053A1 EP 15735712 A EP15735712 A EP 15735712A EP 3175053 A1 EP3175053 A1 EP 3175053A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
cover layer
isocyanate
compounds
reactive compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP15735712.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Oliver Clamor
Gunnar Kampf
Andrea Eisenhardt
Erhard Gleinig
Sven Mönnig
Sarunas Turcinskas
Dirk Weinrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP3175053A1 publication Critical patent/EP3175053A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
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    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/095—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
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Definitions

  • Heat-bonding system based on rigid polyurethane foam for building facades
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a composite element, comprising at least partially providing a cover layer with an uncoated surface and a coated surface which is at least partially coated with a composition (B) comprising at least one inorganic material, a treatment of the uncoated surface of the Covering layer, as well as the application of a composition (Z2), which is suitable for the production of a polyurethane and / or Polyisocyanuratschaums, on the treated surface of the cover layer.
  • the present invention further relates to a composite element obtainable or obtained by a process according to the invention and the use of a composite element obtainable or obtained by a process according to the invention or a composite element according to the invention as insulation material or in facade construction.
  • Thermal insulation composite systems usually consist of an insulating layer of e.g. Polystyrene or mineral wool, which is attached by means of suitable mineral adhesive and / or dowels to a building exterior wall. On this insulation layer is then applied an insulating protective outer layer consisting of mineral adhesives, plasters and optionally reinforcing elements such as glass fiber mats to obtain the overall thermal insulation composite system.
  • the function of the thermal insulation composite system is the thermal insulation of new or existing buildings.
  • the external thermal insulation system protects the exterior wall of the building from external influences such as moisture.
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • insulation layers of rigid polyurethane foam can be used. These have reduced thermal conductivities of, for example, below 20-25 mW / m * K, so that the thermal insulation is improved compared to expanded polystyrene.
  • diffusion-tight cover layers such as, for example, metal foils or suitable polymer films, which, however, have insufficient adhesion to mineral adhesives which are commercially available for thermal insulation composite systems.
  • EP 1431473 and EP 2210991 describe ETICS with insulating layers and diffusion-tight cover layers on the outer surfaces of which polystyrene layers are applied in order to improve the adhesion to mineral adhesives.
  • WO 2013/143798 describes ETICS containing PU or polyisocyanurate insulating layers (PIR insulating layers) with diffusion-tight metal cover layers, on the outside of which layers made of PU or PIR to improve adhesion to mineral adhesives. These layers can be made from two liquid components and applied continuously after or during the production of the insulating element. All of these methods have in common that for the production of the insulation elements required for the ETICS insulating layer consisting of insulating layer and diffusion-tight cover layers further layers must be glued or applied to the outer sides of the elements in order to achieve sufficient adhesion to mineral adhesives. This sticking or application requires additional manufacturing steps or more complex manufacturing processes than the current practice for the production of insulating elements.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an insulating element for a thermal insulation composite system with improved thermal conductivity, which preferably has diffusion-tight cover layers and achieved in the thermal insulation composite system sufficient adhesion between polyurethane insulation layer, cover layers and mineral adhesive.
  • a further object of the invention was to provide a process for producing composite elements in which the adhesion between the core and the cover layer is improved, for example a rigid polyurethane foam core or a rigid polyisocyanurate foam core and the cover layer.
  • this object is achieved by a method for producing a composite element, at least comprising the steps: i) providing a cover layer having an uncoated surface and a coated surface which is at least partially coated with a composition (B) comprising at least one inorganic material is;
  • composition (Z2) which is suitable for producing a polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate foam, to the surface of the cover layer treated according to step ii).
  • a cover layer with a surface which is at least partially coated and has good adhesion to mineral adhesives By using a cover layer with a surface which is at least partially coated and has good adhesion to mineral adhesives, a simpler and more economically attractive production of the insulating elements and the resulting thermal insulation composite system is made possible.
  • the inventive method allows the production of composite thermal insulation systems, which has a good adhesion to mineral adhesives without an additional layer of eg polystyrene or polyurethanes must be applied to the outer sides of the outer layers.
  • a surface of the cover layer provided in step (i) is at least partially coated with a composition (B) comprising at least one inorganic material.
  • the cover layer is coated in order to improve the adhesion to mineral adhesives compared to an uncoated cover layer.
  • the Degree of coating vary according to the invention, as long as a good adhesion to mineral adhesives is ensured.
  • individual areas of the cover layer may be coated and others uncoated.
  • the cover layer has a coated surface that is at least 50% coated with a composition (B).
  • the cover layer is at least 75% coated with the composition (B), more preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90% is coated with the composition (B).
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the coated surface of the cover layer is coated at least 50% with the composition (B)
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the coated surface of the cover layer is at least 75% coated with the composition (B).
  • a cover layer is provided with an uncoated surface and a coated surface that is at least partially coated with a composition (B) comprising at least one inorganic material.
  • B a composition comprising at least one inorganic material.
  • the at least partially coated cover layer may for example have a thickness in the range of 0.01 mm to 5 mm, preferably 0.05 mm to 2 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm to 1 mm, more specifically 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm and more preferably in the range of 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the at least partially coated cover layer has a thickness in the range of 0.01 mm to 5.0 mm.
  • the composition (B) comprises at least one inorganic material.
  • the composition (B) further comprises at least one binder.
  • the amount of the inorganic material contained in the composition (B) may vary widely.
  • the composition (B) contains the inorganic material in an amount in the range of 50 to 99 wt .-%, in particular in the range of 60 to 98 wt .-%, more preferably in the range of 70 to 95 wt .-%, respectively based on the entire composition (B).
  • composition (B) preferably comprises further constituents, for example at least one binder in an amount in the range from 1 to 50% by weight, in particular in the range from 2 to 40 wt .-%, more preferably in the range of 5 to 30 wt .-%, each based on the total composition (B).
  • the inorganic material can vary within wide ranges. Suitable examples of the invention are, for example, pulverulent inorganic materials, fibrous inorganic materials or also inorganic fabrics. In particular, a powdery inorganic material is used to achieve a uniform distribution.
  • the composition (B) contains the inorganic material, for example, in an amount in the range of 50 to 99 wt .-%, in particular in the range of 60 to 98 wt .-%, more preferably in the range of 70 to 95 wt .-%, in each case based on the entire composition (B).
  • the composition (B) contains the powdery inorganic material in an amount in the range of 50 to 99% by weight, in particular in the range of 60 to 98% by weight, more preferably in the range of 70 to 95% by weight. in each case based on the entire composition (B).
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the composition (B) comprises 70 to 95% by weight of a powdery inorganic material and 5 to 30% by weight of a binder, in each case based on the entire composition (B).
  • Suitable binders are both those based on inorganic substances, such as water glass, as well as those based on organic, in particular plastic, into consideration.
  • the plastic-based binders are preferably used as plastic dispersions having a solids content of 35 to 70 wt .-%.
  • Particularly suitable are polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene chloride, copolymers and terpolymers of vinyl acetate with maleic acid and acrylic acid.
  • Particularly preferred are styrene-butadiene copolymers and polymers or copolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
  • inorganic material Particularly suitable as inorganic material are pulverulent substances, in particular those based on minerals, such as silicates, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide or aluminum oxide hydrate. Also suitable according to the invention are, for example, inorganic fabrics or fibers, for example glass fibers.
  • mixtures of various inorganic materials for example a mixture of 10 to 50% by weight of calcium carbonate and 90 to 50% by weight of aluminum hydroxide or aluminum oxide hydrate.
  • the composition (B) may comprise further constituents, in particular further inorganic or organic dyes, titanium oxide or carbon black.
  • cover layers can be used as cover layer.
  • the cover layer is diffusion-tight in the context of the present invention.
  • the diffusion-tightness of the cover layer relates in particular to blowing agents remaining permanently in the cell matrix, such as hydrocarbons, for example pentane or cyclopentane, fluorohydrocarbons or carbon dioxide.
  • a diffusion of other components of air, such as water, oxygen and nitrogen, in the context of the present invention can be done to a small extent, even if a film is diffusion-tight in the context of the present invention.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the cover layer is diffusion-tight.
  • the cover layer consists of several layers, of which preferably at least one is diffusion-tight.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the cover layer is multi-layered.
  • the cover layer can be, for example, two-ply or three-ply.
  • Suitable as a cover layer according to the invention for example, metal foils or plastic films.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the cover layer comprises a plastic film or a metal foil.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the cover layer comprises a diffusion-proof plastic film or a metal foil.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the cover layer comprises a metal foil.
  • the coating can be applied in the context of the present invention to the cover layer by known methods, for example by spraying or brushing. It is possible in the context of the present invention that the coating is applied and the thus coated cover layer is then stored and later used in the method according to the invention. Likewise, however, it is also possible for the coating to be applied shortly before the use of the cover layer in the method according to the invention.
  • the inventive method further comprises step ii). According to step ii), the uncoated surface of the cover layer is treated.
  • the treatment serves to improve the adhesion of a layer to be applied to the cover layer.
  • a plasma treatment, a corona treatment, a flame treatment or the use of an adhesion promoter are particularly suitable.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the treatment according to step ii) is selected from corona treatment, plasma treatment, flame treatment or application of a composition (Z1) comprising at least one adhesion promoter.
  • a composition (Z1) comprising at least one adhesion promoter
  • Other methods that improve the adhesion of a layer to be applied to the topcoat can also be used.
  • a combination of the various measures is possible.
  • the treatment according to step ii) comprises a corona treatment and the application of a composition (Z1) comprising at least one adhesion promoter or also a plasma treatment and the application of a composition (Z1) containing at least one adhesion promoter ,
  • Suitable processes and apparatus for the corona treatment of a cover layer, in particular a film, are known per se to the person skilled in the art. In principle, all known processes can be used in the context of the present invention. Preferably, the corona treatment is carried out continuously in the context of the present invention.
  • Suitable methods and apparatus for the plasma treatment of a cover layer, in particular a film are also known.
  • all known processes can be used in the context of the present invention.
  • the plasma treatment is carried out continuously in the context of the present invention.
  • a composition (Z1) containing at least one adhesion promoter is used, which is more preferably applied continuously to the cover layer.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the treatment according to step ii) comprises applying a composition (Z1) comprising at least one adhesion promoter.
  • Suitable adhesion promoters in the context of the present invention are, for example, 1- or 2-component adhesion promoters.
  • all suitable adhesion promoters known to the person skilled in the art can be used in the context of the present invention.
  • a 2-component adhesion promoter is used which contains as constituents a polyisocyanate and an isocyanate-reactive compound.
  • a 1-component adhesion promoter which contains a polyisocyanate prepolymer, or a 1-component adhesion promoter which contains an isocyanate-reactive compound.
  • a composition (Z1) containing at least one isocyanate-reactive compound can be applied to the topcoat.
  • the composition may contain at least one polyisocyanate prepolymer or a polyisocyanate and an isocyanate-reactive compound.
  • a composition (Z1) containing at least one isocyanate-reactive compound is applied to the topcoat.
  • the application can be carried out by conventional techniques such as spraying or rolling.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the composition (Z1) is applied to the cover layer by means of spraying or rolling.
  • the composition (Z1) preferably contains at least one isocyanate-reactive compound. According to the invention, the composition (Z1) may also contain two or more isocyanate-reactive compounds.
  • compounds which are reactive toward isocyanates are in principle suitable for all compounds which have functional groups which are reactive towards isocyanates. Particularly suitable are compounds with OH-functional groups, compounds with NH-functional groups and compounds with SH-functional groups.
  • compounds with NH-functional groups includes both primary and secondary amines.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a process for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the adhesion promoter is an isocyanate-reactive compound or a polyisocyanate prepolymer.
  • the present invention relates to a process for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the composition (Z1) contains at least one isocyanate-reactive compound and at least one polyisocyanate.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the at least one isocyanate-reactive compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds having OH-functional groups, compounds having NH-functional groups and compounds with SH-functional groups.
  • the at least one isocyanate-reactive compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds having OH-functional groups, compounds having NH-functional groups and compounds with SH-functional groups.
  • mixtures of two or more of the compounds mentioned can also be used according to the invention.
  • Isocyanate-reactive compounds according to the invention are particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of compounds having OH-functional groups.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a process for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the at least one isocyanate-reactive compound is selected from the group consisting of polyethers, polyesters, compounds bearing ester and ether groups, compounds which Wear urethane, ester and / or ether groups and compounds that carry urethane groups.
  • isocyanate-reactive compounds which react with isocyanates without releasing gases.
  • isocyanate-reactive compounds which react neither in themselves nor with air or atmospheric moisture.
  • Isocyanate-reactive compounds are preferably polyethers and / or polyesters and / or compounds which have both ester and ether groups, and / or compounds which contain urethane, ester and / or ether functions, preferably polyethers and / or polyesters and / or compounds which contain both ester and ether groups, more preferably polyethers and / or polyesters, specifically polyethers.
  • Particularly preferred compounds of the invention are polyether polyols which are reactive toward isocyanates.
  • the polyether polyols can be prepared by known processes, for example by anionic polymerization of one or more alkylene oxides having 2 to 4 carbon atoms with alkali hydroxides, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, alkali metal alkoxides, such as sodium methylate, sodium or potassium ethylate or potassium isopropylate, or amine alkoxylation.
  • Catalysts such as dimethylethanolamine (DMEOA), imidazole or Imidazolderivate using at least one starter molecule or starter molecule mixture containing an average of 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6 reactive hydrogen atoms bound, or by cationic polymerization with Lewis acids such as antimony pentachloride, borofluoride etherate or Bleaching earth, are produced.
  • Suitable alkylene oxides are, for example, tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-propylene oxide, 1,2- or 2,3-butylene oxide, styrene oxide and preferably ethylene oxide and 1,2-propylene oxide.
  • the alkylene oxides can be used individually, alternately in succession or as mixtures.
  • Preferred alkylene oxides are propylene oxide and ethylene oxide, more preferably propylene oxide.
  • Suitable starter molecules are, for example, the following compounds: water, organic dicarboxylic acids, such as succinic acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid and terephthalic acid, aliphatic and aromatic, optionally N-mono-, N, N- and ⁇ , ⁇ '-dialkyl-substituted diamines with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, such as optionally mono- and dialkyl-substituted ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, 1, 3
  • organic dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid and terephthalic acid, aliphatic and aromatic, optionally N-mono-, N, N- and ⁇ , ⁇ '-dialkyl-substituted diamines with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, such as optionally mono- and dialkyl-substituted ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, tri
  • diprimary amines for example Ethylene diamine.
  • alkanolamines such as ethanolamine, N-methyl- and N-ethylethanolamine
  • dialkanolamines such as diethanolamine, N-methyl- and N-ethyldiethanolamine
  • trialkanolamines such as triethanolamine, and ammonia.
  • starters such as ethanediol, propanediol-1, 2 and -1, 3, diethylene glycol (DEG), dipropylene glycol, butanediol-1, 4, hexanediol-1, 6, Glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol and sucrose.
  • a starter or starter mixture having an OH functionality of less than or equal to 6, preferably less than or equal to 5, more preferably less than or equal to 4, more specifically less than or equal to 3 and im Specially smaller than or equal to 2.
  • fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives for example fatty acid esters
  • polyesterols can be used as the isocyanate-reactive compound in the composition (Z1).
  • Suitable polyester polyols may be selected from organic dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably aromatic, or mixtures of aromatic and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and polyhydric alcohols, preferably diols and / or polyols, or alkoxylates thereof, more preferably diols and / or triols, or alkoxylates of these, are produced.
  • dicarboxylic acids are: succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, decanedicarboxylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid.
  • the dicarboxylic acids can be used both individually and in admixture.
  • the corresponding dicarboxylic acid derivatives e.g. Dicarboxylic acid esters of alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or dicarboxylic anhydrides are used.
  • aromatic dicarboxylic acids phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, terephthalic acid and / or isophthalic acid are preferably used in admixture or alone.
  • the aliphatic dicarboxylic acids used are preferably dicarboxylic acid mixtures of succinic, glutaric and adipic acid in proportions of, for example, from 20 to 35:35 to 50:20 to 32 parts by weight, and in particular adipic acid.
  • dihydric and polyhydric alcohols in particular diols and / or triols are: ethanediol, diethylene glycol, 1, 2 or 1, 3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 5-pentanediol, 1, 6- Hexanediol, 1, 10-decanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol, or their alkoxylates.
  • Preferably used are ethanediol, diethylene glycol, glycerol, or their alkoxylates or mixtures of at least two of said polyols.
  • Polyester polyols may also be employed from lactones, e.g. epsilon-caprolactone or hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. ⁇ -hydroxycaproic acid.
  • polyester polyols and biobased starting materials and / or their derivatives in question such as.
  • polyesterols are used as the isocyanate-reactive compound in the composition (Z1), they preferably contain less than 20% by weight, more preferably less than 15% by weight, more specifically less than 10% by weight, especially less than 5 wt .-% and specifically 0 wt .-% based on the weight of the polyesterol to fatty acids. It is also possible to use compounds in which polyesters are alkoxylated as starters according to the process already described.
  • the composition (Z1) may comprise one or more isocyanate-reactive compounds, in particular one or more compounds selected from the group of polyetherols and polyesterols.
  • the polyesterol content is less than 90% by weight, preferably less than 50% by weight, more preferably less than 25% by weight, more particularly less than 10% by weight, based on the weight the isocyanate-reactive compound in the composition (Z1).
  • the isocyanate-reactive compound in the composition (Z1) preferably consists exclusively of alkoxylates of a starter or of a starter mixture.
  • no polyesterols are used as the isocyanate-reactive compound in the composition (Z1).
  • the molar mass of the isocyanate-reactive compound (s) in the composition (Z1) is preferably greater than 50 g / mol, preferably greater than 150 g / mol, particularly preferably greater than 200 g / mol more specifically greater than 400 g / mol, more specifically greater than 500 g / mol, more preferably greater than 700 g / mol, and in particular greater than 900 g / mol.
  • the OH number of the isocyanate-reactive compound is less than 1500 mg KOH / g, preferably less than 1000 mg KOH / g, more preferably less than 800 mg KOH / g, more specifically less than 500 mg KOH / g, more specifically less than 300 mg KOH / g, more preferably less than 200 mg KOH / g.
  • Suitable OH numbers of the isocyanate-reactive compound are preferably in the range from 10 to 200 mg KOH / g.
  • the OH functionality of the isocyanate-reactive compound is less than or equal to 8, preferably less than or equal to 6, more preferably less than or equal to 5, more specifically less than or equal to 4, even more specifically less than or equal to 3.
  • the OH functionality is opposite Isocyanate-reactive compound in the range of 1 to 4, more preferably in the range of 2 to 3.
  • the OH functionality of the isocyanate-reactive compound present in the composition (Z1) is preferably greater than or equal to 1, preferably greater than or equal to 1.5.
  • the mass ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide used for the preparation of the compound containing isocyanate-reactive compound (Z1) is less than or equal to 9, preferably less than or equal to 3, more preferably less than or equal to 1, more particularly less than or equal to 0, 5, more specifically less than or equal to 0.2, and more particularly less than or equal to 0.1.
  • Propylene oxide is particularly preferably used exclusively for the preparation of the isocyanate-reactive compound present in the composition (Z1).
  • a composition (Z1) which contains at least one polyisocyanate and at least one isocyanate-reactive compound is applied in step ii).
  • Suitable isocyanate-reactive compounds are those mentioned above.
  • polyisocyanates it is possible to use aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and / or aromatic diisocyanates.
  • aromatic isocyanates may be mentioned as examples: 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, mixtures of 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 4,4'-, 2,4'- and / or 2,2 'Diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), mixtures of 2,4'- and
  • 2,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanates 4,4'-diisocyanato-diphenylethane, the mixtures of monomeric Methandiphenyldiisocyanaten and practicekernigen homologues of Methandiphe- nyldiisocyanats (polymer-MDI), (1, 2) and 1, 5-naphthylene-diisocyanate ,
  • aliphatic diisocyanates conventional aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic diisocyanates are used, for example tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta- and / or Oktamethylendiiso- cyanate, 2-methyl-pentamethylene-diisocyanate-1, 5, 2-ethyl -butylene-diisocyanate-1, 4, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethyl-cyclohexane (isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI), 1, 4- and / or 1, 3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane (HXDI ), 1, 4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 1-methyl-2,4- and / or -2,6-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 4,4'-, 2,4'- and / or
  • composition (Z1) an isocyanate-reactive compound selected from the group consisting of polyether polyols and polyester polyols and 4,4'-, 2,4'- and / or
  • MDI 2,2'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
  • the composition (Z1) may also contain a polyisocyanate prepolymer as a coupling agent.
  • Polyisocyanate prepolymers are obtainable in excess of the above-described polyisocyanates, while For example, at temperatures of 30 to 100 ° C, preferably at about 80 ° C, be reacted with polyols to the prepolymer.
  • Polyisocyanates and commercially available polyols based on polyesters, for example starting from adipic acid, or polyethers, for example starting from ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, are preferably used for the preparation of the prepolymers of the invention.
  • Polyols are known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in "Kunststoffhandbuch, Volume 7, Polyurethanes", Carl Hanser Verlag, 3rd edition 1993, Chapter 3.1. Preference is given to using polyols as polymeric compounds having isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms. Polyethers are particularly preferably used as polyols.
  • chain extenders or crosslinking agents are added to said polyols in the preparation of the isocyanate prepolymers.
  • the ratio of organic polyisocyanates to polyols and chain extenders is selected such that the isocyanate prepolymer has an NCO content of from 2 to 30%, preferably from 6 to 28%, particularly preferably from 10 to 24%.
  • prepolymers of the polyisocyanates selected from the group consisting of MDI, polymer MDI and TDI, and their derivatives.
  • composition (Z1) may comprise further compounds, for example flame retardants, blowing agents or also catalysts for polyurethane or polyisocyanurate formation.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the composition (Z1) contains one or more of the following components:
  • the composition (Z1) may also contain any desired combinations of the components mentioned, for example only components (i) or (ii) or (iii) or components (i) and (ii) or components (i) and (iii) or component (ii) and component (ii) and component (iii).
  • the abovementioned compounds can be used in the composition (Z1) in customary quantities known to those skilled in the art.
  • the composition (Z1) may contain a blowing agent, for example a chemical or a physical blowing agent.
  • a blowing agent for example a chemical or a physical blowing agent.
  • the isocyanate-reactive compound is less than 5 wt%, preferably less than 2 wt%, more preferably less than 1 wt%, more specifically less than 0.5 wt%, especially less than 0 , 2 wt .-% and very particularly 0 wt .-% based on the mass of the isocyanate-reactive Ver ⁇ binding to chemical blowing agents, ie compounds which react with isocyanate to form a gas, preferably water or formic acid, more preferably water, is added.
  • the composition (Z1) less than 20 wt .-%, preferably less than 10 wt .-%, more preferably less than 5 wt .-%, more specifically less than 1 wt .-% and most preferably 0 wt .-% based on the mass of the isocyanate-reactive compound with isocyanate-unreactive, low-boiling components, so-called physical blowing agents added.
  • the composition (Z1) may further be added flame retardants in any form.
  • flame retardants the flame retardants known from the prior art can generally be used. Suitable flame retardants are, for example, brominated esters, brominated ethers (xxol) or brominated alcohols such as dibromoneopentyl alcohol, tribromearopentyl alcohol and PHT-4-diol, and also chlorinated phosphates such as tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (2-chloropropyl) Phosphate (TCPP), tris (1, 3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate, tetrakis (2-chloroethyl) ethylenediphosphate, dimethyl methane phosphonate, Diethanolaminomethylphosphonklathylester and commercially available halogen-containing flame retardant.
  • diethyl ethane phosphonate DEEP
  • TEP triethyl phosphate
  • DMPP dimethyl propyl phosphonate
  • DPK diphenyl cresyl phosphate
  • inorganic or organic flame retardants such as red phosphorus, red phosphorus-containing finishes, alumina hydrate, antimony trioxide, arsenic oxide, ammonium polyphosphate and calcium sulfate, expandable graphite or cyanuric acid derivatives, e.g. Melamine, or mixtures of at least two flame retardants, e.g.
  • Ammonium polyphosphates and melamine, and optionally corn starch or ammonium polyphosphate, melamine, expandable graphite and optionally aromatic polyester for flame retardancy of the rigid polyurethane foams can be used.
  • Flame retardants preferred in the present invention do not contain bromine.
  • Particularly preferred flame retardants consist of atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, hydrogen, phosphorus, nitrogen, oxygen and chlorine, more particularly from the group consisting of carbon, hydrogen, phosphorus and chlorine.
  • Preferred flame retardants have no isocyanate-reactive groups.
  • the flame retardants used according to the invention are liquid at room temperature.
  • Particularly preferred are TCPP, DEEP, TEP, DMPP and DPK, in particular TCPP.
  • the composition (Z1) may also be added to the customary PUR and PIR catalysts.
  • catalysts for the formation of urethane or isocyanurate structures for example, carboxylate salts and basic, preferably amine catalysts can be used.
  • basic urethane catalysts for example tertiary amines, such as triethylamine, tributylamine, dimethylbenzylamine, dicyclohexylmethylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine and alkanolamine compounds, such as triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, N, N ', N "-tris- (dialkylaminoalkyl) hexahydrotriazines, for example N, N' , N "-Tris (dimethylaminopropyl) -s- hexahydrotriazine, and triethylenediamine.
  • tertiary amines such as triethylamine, tributylamine, dimethylbenz
  • triethylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine and ⁇ , ⁇ ', N "-tris (dialkylaminoalkyl) hexahydrotriazines for example N, N', N"-tris (dimethylaminopropyl) -s-hexahydrotriazine, more preferably dimethylcyclohexylamine.
  • Possible catalysts having a carboxylate structure are primarily ammonium or alkali metal carboxylates, preferably alkali metal carboxylate salts, more preferably alkali metal formate, alkali metal acetate or alkali metal hexanoate. Further information on the above-mentioned and further starting materials can be found in the specialist literature, for example the Kunststoffhandbuch, Volume VII, Polyurethane, Carl Hanser Verlag Kunststoff, Vienna, 1, 2 and 3 editions 1966, 1983 and 1993.
  • composition (Z1) may optionally be added further auxiliaries and / or additives. Mention may be made, for example, of surface-active substances, fillers, dyes, pigments, hydrolysis protectants, fungistatic and bacteriostatic substances.
  • surface-active substances are e.g. Compounds which serve to assist the homogenization of the starting materials.
  • emulsifiers such as the sodium salts of castor oil sulfates or fatty acids, and salts of fatty acids with amines, e.g. diethylamine, stearic acid diethanolamine, diethanolamine ricinoleic acid, salts of sulfonic acids, e.g.
  • Foam stabilizers such as siloxane-oxalkylene copolymers and other organopolysiloxanes, ethoxylated alkylphenols, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, paraffin oils, castor oil or ricinoleic acid esters, turkey red oil and peanut oil, and cell regulators, such as paraffins, fatty alcohols and dimethylpolysiloxanes.
  • Foam stabilizers such as siloxane-oxalkylene copolymers and other organopolysiloxanes, ethoxylated alkylphenols, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, paraffin oils, castor oil or ricinoleic acid esters, turkey red oil and peanut oil, and cell regulators, such as paraffins, fatty alcohols and dimethylpol
  • the composition (Z1) may also comprise further additives which improve the compatibility between the uncoated surface of the outer layer and the composition (Z1).
  • an additive that is sufficiently hydrophobic to render the entire composition (Z1) hydrophobic can be added to a hydrophilic composition (Z1).
  • suitable additives must be miscible with the composition (Z1) in order to avoid phase separation.
  • Suitable compounds are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • Suitable hydrophobic compounds as additive to a hydrophilic composition (Z1) are, for example, oleic acids.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the combination of (Z1) comprises at least one additive which improves the compatibility between the uncoated surface of the outer layer and the composition (Z1).
  • composition (Z1) can be added in any form unreactive solids, called fillers.
  • Fillers in particular reinforcing fillers, are to be understood as meaning the conventional organic and inorganic fillers, reinforcing agents, weighting agents, agents for improving the abrasion behavior in paints, coating compositions, etc., which are known per se.
  • inorganic fillers such as silicate minerals, for example phyllosilicates such as antigorite, serpentine, hornblende, amphiboles, chrysotile and talc, metal oxides such as kaolin, aluminas, titanium oxides and iron oxides, metal salts such as chalk, barite and inorganic pigments such as cadmium sulfide Preference is given to using kaolin (China Clay), aluminum silicate and coprecipitates of barium sulfate and aluminum silicate, and natural and synthetic fibrous minerals such as wollastonite, metal fibers and in particular glass fibers of various lengths, which may optionally be sized.
  • inorganic fillers such as silicate minerals, for example phyllosilicates such as antigorite, serpentine, hornblende, amphiboles, chrysotile and talc, metal oxides such as kaolin, aluminas, titanium oxides and iron oxides, metal salts such as
  • Suitable organic fillers are, for example: carbon, melamine, rosin, cyclopentadienyl resins and graft polymers, and also cellulose fibers, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane, polyester fibers based on aromatic and / or aliphatic compounds. Particular preference is given to fillers which have a positive influence on the fire behavior, such as, for example, expanded graphite, gypsum, chalk, carboxylic acid esters and, in particular, carbon fibers.
  • the composition (Z1) according to step ii) in an amount of, for example, 1 to 1000 g / m 2 , preferably 5 to 800 g / m 2 , more preferably 10 to 800 g / m 2 , preferably 10 to 400 g / m 2 , more preferably 50 to 400 g / m 2 and in particular 80 to 250 g / m 2 or 20 to 250 g / m 2 and in particular 25 to 150 g / m 2 applied.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the composition (Z1) according to step ii) in an amount in the range of 1 to 1000 g / m 2 is applied to the cover layer.
  • the compatibility between the uncoated surface of the cover layer and the composition (Z1) should be sufficient so that the applied amount of the composition (Z1) forms an at least temporarily stable film on the surface of the cover layer.
  • the film formed by the composition (Z1) on the surface in the present invention is stable until the layer formed by the composition (Z1) is covered by the composition (Z2).
  • a composition (Z2) which is suitable for producing a polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate foam is applied to the layer applied according to step ii).
  • Compositions which are suitable for producing a polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate foam are known in principle. Suitable components are known to the person skilled in the art. Suitable components of the composition are in particular polyisocyanates and isocyanate-reactive compounds.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a process for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the composition (Z2) contains at least one polyisocyanate and at least one isocyanate-reactive compound. In addition to the at least one polyisocyanate and the at least one isocyanate-reactive compound, the composition (Z2) may contain further components.
  • the composition (Z2) contains in particular the components a) to c), optionally d) and f): a) at least one polyisocyanate;
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the composition (Z2) contains the following components:
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the composition (Z2) contains one or more of the following components: d) flame retardant,
  • the composition (Z2) contains at least one isocyanate-reactive compound as component b).
  • isocyanate-reactive compounds the compounds mentioned above in connection with the composition (Z1) are in principle suitable.
  • Component b) preferably comprises polyethers and / or polyesters.
  • Component b) preferably contains more than 10% by weight, more preferably more than 30% by weight, in particular more than 50% by weight, more specifically more than 70% by weight, even more specifically more as 80 wt .-%, more preferably more than 90 wt .-% and most preferably to 100 wt .-% based on the mass of component b) of polyesters.
  • the composition (Z2) contains at least one polyisocyanate as component a).
  • a polyisocyanate is understood as meaning an organic compound which contains at least two reactive isocyanate groups per molecule, ie. H. The functionality is at least 2. If the polyisocyanates used or a mixture of several polyisocyanates have no uniform functionality, the number-weighted average of the functionality of the component a) used is at least 2.
  • polyisocyanates a) come the known aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and Preferably, the aromatic polyfunctional isocyanates into consideration. Such polyfunctional isocyanates are known per se or can be prepared by methods known per se.
  • polyfunctional isocyanates can also be used in particular as mixtures, so that component a) in this case contains various polyfunctional isocyanates.
  • Suitable polyisocyanate polyfunctional isocyanates have two (hereinafter called diisocyanates) or more than two isocyanate groups per molecule.
  • alkylene diisocyanates having 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkylene radical such as 1,12-dodecanediisocyanate, 2-ethyltetramethylene diisocyanate-1, 4,2-methylpentamethylene diisocyanate-1,5, tetramethylene diisocyanate-1,4, and preferably hexamethylene diisocyanate 1, 6;
  • Cycloaliphatic diisocyanates such as cyclohexane-1, 3- and -1, 4-diisocyanate and any desired mixtures of these isomers, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (IPDI), 2,4- and 2,6- Hexahydrotoluylendiisocyanat and the corresponding isomer mixtures, 4,4'-, 2,2'- and 2,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and the corresponding isomer mixtures, 4,4'
  • MDI 2,2'-, 2,4'- and / or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
  • NDI 1, 5-Naphthylendiiso- cyanat
  • TDI 2,4- and / or 2,6-toluene diisocyanate
  • PPDI p-phenylene diisocyanate
  • PPDI tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta- and / or octamethylene diisocyanate, 2-methylpentamethylene -1, 5-diisocyanate, 2-ethylbutylene-1,4-diisocyanate, pentamethylene-1,5-diisocyanate, butylene-1,4-diisocyanate, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-iso
  • polyisocyanates ie products obtained by chemical reaction of organic polyisocyanates and having at least two reactive isocyanate groups per molecule are used.
  • polyisocyanates of component a) are particularly preferred as the polyisocyanates of component a): i) polyfunctional isocyanates based on tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), in particular 2,4-TDI or 2,6-TDI or mixtures of 2,4- and 2,6-TDI; ii) polyfunctional isocyanates based on diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), in particular 2,2'-MDI or 2,4'-MDI or 4,4'-MDI or oligomeric MDI, which is also referred to as Polyphenylpolymethylenisocyanat, or mixtures of two or three of the aforementioned diphenylmethane diisocyanates, or crude MDI, which is obtained in the preparation of MDI, or mixtures of at least one divalent monomer of MDI and at least one of the abovementioned low molecular weight MDI derivatives; iii) mixtures of at least one aromatic isocyanate according to embodiment i) and
  • polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate As a polyisocyanate is very particularly preferred polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
  • Polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (hereafter referred to as polymeric MDI) is a mixture of dinuclear MDI and oligomeric condensation products and thus derivatives of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI).
  • the polyisocyanates may preferably also be composed of mixtures of monomeric aromatic diisocyanates and polymeric MDI.
  • polymeric MDI contains one or more polynuclear condensation products of MDI having a functionality of more than 2, in particular 3 or 4 or 5.
  • Polymeric MDI is known and is frequently referred to as polyphenylpolymethylene isocyanate or else as oligomeric MDI.
  • Polymeric MDI is usually composed of a mixture of MDI-based isocyanates with different functionality. Typically, polymeric MDI is used in admixture with monomeric MDI.
  • the (average) functionality of a polyisocyanate containing polymeric MDI can vary in the range of about 2.2 to about 5, more preferably 2.3 to 4, especially 2.4 to 3.5.
  • Such a mixture of MDI-based polyfunctional isocyanates with different functionalities is especially the crude MDI obtained in the production of MDI as an intermediate.
  • Polyfunctional isocyanates or mixtures of several polyfunctional isocyanates based on MDI are known and are sold, for example, by BASF Polyurethanes GmbH under the name Lupranat®.
  • the functionality of component a) is preferably at least 2, in particular at least 2.2 and particularly preferably at least 2.4.
  • the functionality of component a) is preferably from 2.2 to 4 and more preferably from 2.4 to 3.
  • the content of isocyanate groups of component a) from 5 to 10 mmol / g, in particular from 6 to 9 mmol / g, particularly preferably from 7 to 8.5 mmol / g. It is known to the person skilled in the art that the content of isocyanate groups in mmol / g and the so-called equivalent weight in g / equivalent are in a reciprocal ratio.
  • the content of isocyanate groups in mmol / g is calculated from the content in% by weight according to ASTM D-5155-96 A.
  • component a) consists of at least one polyfunctional isocyanate selected from diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-2,4'-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-2,2'-diisocyanate and oligomeric diphenylmethane-diisocyanate ,
  • component a) particularly preferably comprises oligomeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate and has a functionality of at least 2.4.
  • the viscosity of the component a) used can vary within a wide range.
  • the component a) has a viscosity of 100 to 3000 mPa * s, more preferably from 100 to 1000 mPa * s, particularly preferably from 100 to 600 mPa * s, more particularly from 200 to 600 mPa * s and in particular of 400 to 600 mPa * s at 25 ° C, on.
  • composition (Z2) Further suitable components c) to f) which may be present in the composition (Z2) are known in principle to the person skilled in the art. In particular, preferred components c) to f) according to the invention are mentioned in connection with the composition (Z1).
  • the composition (Z2) preferably contains the components a), b) and c), optionally d), e) and f).
  • the polyisocyanates a) are mixed with the isocyanate-reactive compounds b), the blowing agents c) and optionally further components d) to f) in amounts such that the equivalence ratio of NCO groups of the polyisocyanates a) to the sum of isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms of components b) to f) greater than 1: 1, preferably greater than 1.2: 1, more preferably greater than 1.5: 1, more preferably greater than 1.8: 1, even more particularly greater than 2: 1, more specifically greater than 2.5: 1 and in particular greater than 3: 1.
  • the equivalence ratio of NCO groups of the polyisocyanates a) to the sum of the isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms of the components b) to f) is less than 10: 1, preferably less than 8: 1, more specifically less than 6: 1, more particularly klei - ner than 5: 1, more specifically less than 4.5: 1, in particular less than 4: 1 and in particular less than 3.5: 1.
  • the application of the composition (Z2) according to step iii) can also be carried out in a continuous production plant.
  • This layer may, for example, have a thickness of 0.5 cm to 30 cm, preferably 2 cm to 22 cm and particularly preferably 12 cm to 20 cm.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the layer applied according to step iii) has a thickness in the range of 0.5 to 30 cm.
  • a method for applying a composition which is suitable for producing a polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate foam are known in principle to the person skilled in the art.
  • reaction components for foam formation are mixed only immediately before application in a mixing head and the composition (Z2) is then applied directly to the layer formed from the composition (Z1), so that foaming on the with D composition (Z1) provided cover layer takes place.
  • Particularly preferred here is the use of the so-called double-belt method for producing the composite elements.
  • the use of polyurethane rigid foams containing polyisocyanurate or polyisocyanurate structures is advantageous, since they also have good flame retardancy properties with a reduced flame retardant content.
  • a further layer can be applied, in particular a cover layer. Since usually the adhesion to the upper cover layer used in the method, which is optionally applied according to step iv), is sufficiently good even without the use of an adhesion promoter, it is preferred in the context of the present invention that no adhesion promoter should be provided between that according to step iii). applied layer and the applied according to step iv) cover layer is used.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, the method comprising a step iv):
  • the further covering layer may be applied before complete curing of the layer applied according to step iii).
  • the further covering layer may be applied after complete curing of the layer applied according to step iii), for example using an adhesive layer.
  • the further covering layer may be the same or different from the first covering layer.
  • the further outer layer may be coated or uncoated, preferably coated.
  • it is a metal foil, wherein the thickness is in the usual ranges, for example 0.01 mm to 5 mm, preferably 0.05 mm to 2 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm to 1 mm, more specifically 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm and specifically 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm.
  • a coated cover layer is preferably used, more preferably a cover layer with an uncoated surface and a coated surface. at least partially coated with a composition (B) comprising at least one inorganic material as described above.
  • the cover layer is applied in such a way that the uncoated side of the cover layer is applied in contact with the layer applied according to step iii).
  • the uncoated side of the cover layer to be applied is treated as described above, i.
  • a treatment selected from corona treatment, plasma treatment, flame treatment or application of a composition (Z1) comprising at least one adhesion promoter is carried out before the cover layer is brought into contact with the layer applied according to step iii).
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a composite element as described above, wherein the second cover layer is a metal foil and wherein the cover layer preferably has a thickness in the range of 0.01 mm to 5.0 mm.
  • the present invention also relates to composite elements obtainable or obtained by a method for producing a composite element as described above.
  • the composite elements according to the invention are particularly suitable for facade construction.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of a composite element obtainable or obtained by a process for producing a composite element as described above or a composite element as described above as insulation material or in facade construction.
  • a method of producing a composite element at least comprising the steps of: i) providing a cover layer having an uncoated surface and a coated surface which is at least partially coated with a composition (B) comprising at least one inorganic material;
  • composition (Z2) which is suitable for producing a polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate foam, to the surface of the cover layer treated according to step ii).
  • composition (B) comprises 70 to 95% by weight of a powdery inorganic material and 5 to 30% by weight of a binder, each based on the entire composition (B).
  • cover layer comprises a diffusion-proof plastic film or a metal foil.
  • the at least one isocyanate-reactive compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds having OH-functional groups, compounds having NH-functional groups and compounds having SH-functional groups.
  • composition (Z1) contains at least one isocyanate-reactive compound and at least one polyisocyanate.
  • composition (Z2) contains at least one polyisocyanate and at least one isocyanate-reactive compound. 16. The method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 15, wherein the composition (Z2) contains the following components:
  • composition (Z1) comprises at least one additive which improves the compatibility between the uncoated surface of the cover layer and the composition (Z1). 18. The method according to any one of embodiments 3 to 17, wherein the composition (Z1) is applied by spraying or rolling on the cover layer.
  • a method of producing a composite element at least comprising the steps of: i) providing a cover layer having an uncoated surface and a coated surface which is at least partially coated with a composition (B) comprising at least one inorganic material;
  • a composition (Z2) which is suitable for producing a polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate foam to the surface of the cover layer treated according to step ii). wherein the coated surface of the cover layer is coated at least 50% with the composition (B), wherein the composition (B) comprises 70 to 95% by weight of a powdery inorganic material and 5 to 30% by weight of a binder, respectively on the entire composition (B).
  • the treatment according to step ii) is selected from corona treatment, plasma treatment, flame treatment or application of a composition (Z1) comprising at least one adhesion promoter.
  • a composition (Z1) comprising at least one adhesion promoter.
  • a method according to any one of claims 22 to 28, wherein the at least partially coated cover layer has a thickness in the range of 0.01 mm to 5.0 mm.
  • composition (Z1) contains at least one isocyanate-reactive compound and at least one polyisocyanate.
  • composition (Z2) contains at least one polyisocyanate and at least one isocyanate-reactive compound.
  • composition (Z2) contains the following components:
  • composition (Z1) comprises at least one additive, the compatibility between the uncoated
  • composition (Z1) is applied by means of spraying or rolling on the cover layer.
  • Method for producing a composite element comprising at least the steps: i) providing a cover layer having an uncoated surface and a coated surface which is at least partially coated with a composition (B) comprising at least one inorganic material;
  • composition (Z2) which is suitable for producing a polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate foam, to the surface of the cover layer treated in accordance with step ii), and
  • step iv) applying a cover layer to the layer applied according to step iii), wherein the coated surface of the cover layer is coated to at least 50% with the composition (B), wherein the composition (B) 70 to 95 wt .-% of a powdered inorganic material and 5 to 30 wt .-% of a binder, each based on the total composition (B).
  • Polymeric MDI was foamed with isocyanate-reactive components, blowing agents, catalysts and all other additives in a beaker by means of stirrer and in a top and bottom with cover layer (vliepatex WDVS DD, thickness about 0.5 mm, barrier film to the reaction mixture pointing) to 60 ° C. tempered box mold (20 x 20 x 8 cm 3 ), which was closed after entering the reaction mixture to obtain a foam body with top and bottom applied topcoat.
  • cover layer vliepatex WDVS DD, thickness about 0.5 mm, barrier film to the reaction mixture pointing
  • polyesterol consisting of the esterification of terephthalic acid, glycerol, diethylene glycol and oleic acid.
  • TCPP flame retardant trichloroisopropyl phosphate
  • Lupranat® M50 polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI), having a viscosity of about 500 mPa * s at 25 ° C from BASF SE) in an amount to achieve an index of 280.
  • the isocyanate component and the polyol component were used in a weight ratio of 206 to 100.
  • the amount of reaction mixture in the box form was chosen so that a foam body of the bulk density 33 +/- 2 g / l was obtained. Furthermore, the setting time was adjusted by varying the proportion of bis (2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether solution (33 wt .-% in dipropylene glycol) to 47 +/- 2 s.
  • the bottom topcoat to which the reaction mixture was applied was treated as follows immediately prior to placing in the box mold:
  • Example 1 Application of a polyetherol of propoxylated propylene glycol having a hydroxy functionality of 2 and a hydroxyl number of 28 mg KOH / g, wherein the polyetherol was applied manually with a coating tool in a layer thickness of 250 ⁇ m.
  • Example 2 Application of a polyetherol of sequentially ethoxylated and propoxylated glycerol, a hydroxy functionality of 3 and a hydroxyl number of 160 mg KOH / g, wherein the polyetherol was applied manually with a coating tool in a layer thickness of 250 ⁇ .
  • Example 3 Application of a polyetherol of ethoxylated glycerol, a hydroxy functionality of 3 and a hydroxyl number of 540 mg KOH / g, wherein the polyetherol was applied manually with a coating tool in a layer thickness of 250 ⁇ .
  • Example 4 Application of a polyetherol from castor oil having a hydroxy functionality of 3 and a hydroxyl number of 160 mg KOH / g, wherein the polyetherol was applied manually with a coating tool in a layer thickness of 250 ⁇ .
  • Example 5 Application of a polyetherol of sequentially ethoxylated and propoxylated glycerol, a hydroxy functionality of 3 and a hydroxyl number of 160 mg KOH / g containing 5% w / w oleic acid, wherein the polyetherol is applied manually with a coating tool in a layer thickness of 250 ⁇ has been.
  • Example 6 Application of a prepolymer of propoxylated propylene glycol having a hydroxy functionality of 2 and a hydroxyl number of 28 mg KOH / g and Lupranat® M20 (polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI), having a viscosity of about 200 mPa * s at 25 ° C from BASF SE) with an NCO content of the prepolymer of 15%, wherein the prepolymer was applied manually with a coating tool in a layer thickness of 250 ⁇ .
  • PMDI polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
  • Example 7 Application of a prepolymer of sequentially ethoxylated and propoxylated propylene glycol having a hydroxy functionality of 2 and a hydroxyl number of 30 mg KOH / g and Lupranat® M20 (polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI), with a viscosity of about 200 mPa * s at 25 ° C from BASF SE) with an NCO content of the prepolymer of 15%, wherein the prepolymer was applied manually with a coating tool in a layer thickness of 250 ⁇ .
  • PMDI polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
  • Example 8 Application of a prepolymer of sequentially ethoxylated and propoxylated propylene glycol having a hydroxy functionality of 2 and a hydroxyl number of 30 mg KOH / g and Lupranat® M20 (polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI), having a viscosity of about 200 mPa * s at 25 ° C from BASF SE) with an NCO content of the prepolymer of 10%, wherein the prepolymer was applied manually with a coating tool in a layer thickness of 250 ⁇ .
  • PMDI polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
  • Example 9 Application of a prepolymer of sequentially ethoxylated and propoxylated propylene glycol having a hydroxy functionality of 2 and a hydroxyl number of 30 mg KOH / g and Lupranat® M20 (polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI), having a viscosity of about 200 mPa * s at 25 ° C from BASF SE) with an NCO content of the prepolymer of 20%, wherein the prepolymer was applied manually with a coating tool in a layer thickness of 250 ⁇ .
  • PMDI polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
  • PI R rigid foam boards were produced on the basis of a commercially available PI R formulation (Elastopir®) and on a double-belt line in accordance with an industry-standard continuous process.
  • the thickness of the PI R rigid foam panels was 100 mm at a density of 30-31 g / l.
  • cover layer variants were used:
  • Vliepatex ETICS DD cover layer on top and bottom side (diffusion-tight film composite with one-sided inorganic coating, thickness approx. 0.5 mm, barrier layer facing the insulation material)
  • the panels were subjected to an adhesive tensile test in accordance with the Guideline for European Technical Approvals for Exterior Thermal Insulation Composite Systems Putz harsh subjected (ETAG004, Section 5.1 .4.1):
  • the insulation boards were coated on the bottom with mortar (Heck K + A, dry mortar according to DIN 18350) and then seven days at 23 ° C and 50% rel. Humidity and stored for 21 days at 23 ° C in water.
  • an angle grinder six squares of the size 50 x 50 mm were cut through the mortar and the cover layer into the insulation material. Size 50 x 50 mm square metal plates were fixed to the cut surfaces with an adhesive.
  • Test specification A for the determination of the peel adhesion Roller peel test based on VW PV 2034
  • the adhering cover layer is detached by about 50 mm in the longitudinal direction of the carrier material.
  • the test specimen is inserted into a roller bearing (two rollers, diameter 20 mm, length approx. 57 mm, distance 6 mm), which is clamped in the upper clamping jaw of a universal testing machine (UPM).
  • UPM universal testing machine
  • the flexible detached end piece is guided downwards between the rollers at a 90 ° angle and fixed in the UPM lower clamp.
  • the flexible material is peeled off after reaching the Vorkraft of 4 N at an angle of 90 ° (roll) and at a test speed of 50 mm / min from the substrate.

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EP15735712.0A 2014-07-31 2015-07-14 Wärmeverbundsystem basierend auf polyurethanhartschaum für gebäudefassaden Pending EP3175053A1 (de)

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US11104756B2 (en) * 2019-01-15 2021-08-31 Inoac Usa, Inc. Method to control cell size in polyester polyurethane foams
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DE10158491A1 (de) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-12 Bayer Ag Metall-Polyurethan-Laminate
DE50211173D1 (de) 2002-12-13 2007-12-20 Swisspor Holding Ag Dämmplatte für Gebäudefassaden
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