EP3173706A1 - Device for air exchange in buildings - Google Patents

Device for air exchange in buildings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3173706A1
EP3173706A1 EP16200481.6A EP16200481A EP3173706A1 EP 3173706 A1 EP3173706 A1 EP 3173706A1 EP 16200481 A EP16200481 A EP 16200481A EP 3173706 A1 EP3173706 A1 EP 3173706A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
supply air
blower
exhaust
supply
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP16200481.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3173706B1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Weigl
Ralf Wissing
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Limodor Lueftungstechnik & Co KG GmbH
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Limot Elektromotorenbaugesellschaft MBH & Co KG
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Priority to SI201631594T priority Critical patent/SI3173706T1/en
Publication of EP3173706A1 publication Critical patent/EP3173706A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
    • F24F7/08—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit with separate ducts for supplied and exhausted air with provisions for reversal of the input and output systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F24F2011/0002—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation for admittance of outside air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for air exchange in buildings with at least two fan assemblies for extracting exhaust air, with integrated controls and / or a control device for controlling the amount of exhaust air to be extracted and at least one air supply line for introducing supply air into the building, which may be in several Branch lines branched.
  • Vent various buildings or premises by means of ventilation units.
  • This should, for example, sanitary rooms, kitchens, storage rooms or the like. Are freed of pollutant, moist or odorous air.
  • Even with passive houses, such devices should provide an orderly exchange of air in the building in order to ensure the proper oxygen supply in the building.
  • Such a device is particularly necessary because the modern design of buildings, in which the building envelope is designed ever denser and therefore no natural ventilation in the living rooms can take place, requires a corresponding ventilation system.
  • energy should be saved on the one hand, but on the other hand has the consequence that a corresponding ventilation system is provided, which creates a comfortable indoor climate.
  • This ventilation system should allow a draft-free, comfortable room climate and thereby cause the lowest possible operating costs.
  • the invention achieves the stated object in that the supply air line is associated with a blower unit, wherein the controller sets the supply air amount equal to how the sum of the exhaust air quantities of the decentralized blower arrangements.
  • each exhaust air point will have its own fan arrangement, a fan, for conveying air equipped.
  • thefurbignde air amount can be selectively increased or decreased in each room.
  • the sensor control eg: time, clock, caster, interval, humidity, light and motion detector
  • an adjustment of the amount of air can be done without deliberate intervention of the user.
  • the resident can manually increase or decrease the amount of air with a switch at each exhaust air point.
  • the supply air volume is always automatically adjusted to the exhaust air volume via the central blower unit so that a balanced volume flow balance can be guaranteed.
  • each fan assembly for extracting exhaust air can be selectively switched on or off in each operating stage for a defined time interval.
  • the blower arrangement switches on and off with a delay for extracting exhaust air.
  • the on and off times can be set independently.
  • the blower arrangement for extracting exhaust air switches on automatically after a variably adjustable interval time has elapsed, then runs the set operating time and then switches off again automatically.
  • the humidity module switches the blower arrangement for extracting exhaust air in and out depending on the room humidity value and a climatic logic.
  • the light sensor switches on the blower arrangement for extracting exhaust air in the event of light. If the incidence of light is interrupted, the fan switches off, if necessary with an overrun time.
  • the motion detector reacts to moving heat radiation and switches on the blower arrangement for extracting exhaust air when entering the sensor area. When leaving the area, the fan switches off again.
  • the fan assemblies for extracting exhaust air can be switched on or off centrally, whereby the manual, room-side operation is maintained.
  • a humidity sensor module with climate logic can be integrated in blower arrangements for suction and detect the humidity of the environment. If, for example, a humidity increase of at least 5% is achieved within 15 minutes, the fan arrangement switches on immediately when the 5% limit is reached. But at the earliest at a relative 55% humidity. If the ambient humidity increases more slowly, a new start value is set every 15 minutes, so the switch-on point moves with. If the humidity decreases, the switch-on point is corrected downwards. If the fan has switched on due to a rise in humidity, it will continue to run until it reaches the threshold level at which it switched on. To ensure that the fan shuts off, a maximum run time can be set.
  • the big advantage of the climatic logic lies in the fact that the function remains guaranteed even in summer. With a fixed switch-on point, the humidity module would only work in winter and would have to be switched off in summer.
  • the humidity sensor module can be set to sleep mode by pressing a light / ventilation switch. The humidity control is then deactivated for example for 12 hours. By switching on the fan again, the sleep mode is overridden.
  • the connecting lines of the decentralized fan assemblies are connected in a common common exhaust duct, in the flow path, a heat exchanger is arranged, which is also connected to the supply air to preheat the supply air and flows through it becomes.
  • the exhaust air to be discharged from the building thus releases the heat to the supply air flowing into the building, in a generally known manner.
  • Cost-effective conditions are created in particular by the fact that all the exhaust air ducts and the supply air duct are passed through a single heat exchanger element. This can then be optionally cleaned or disinfected.
  • a silencer is arranged in the supply air line. This muffler is arranged in particular after the common fan of the supply air line and ensures that only sound as quiet as possible is directed to the individual air supply openings.
  • targeted ventilation such as living room, study, bedroom to make.
  • various winter and summer control models can be realized, wherein in the cold season, for example, the supply and exhaust air can be done via the heat exchanger and summer, this heat exchanger is optionally bypassed.
  • It can also implement a variety of ventilation models, such as a Grundumluftwolf that ensures the basic exchange. Can do this Demand-controlled amounts of exhaust air are set, as incurred for example in the kitchen, in the bathroom or in toilet facilities or the like. In order to ventilate rooms targeted quickly accordingly.
  • the supply air volume is electronically controlled by the exhaust air volume of the exhaust air devices and always delivers precisely the supply air volume that is currently required.
  • the inventive method for exchanging air in a building the exhaust air is sucked off with at least two decentralized fan assemblies, characterized in that the same amount of extracted exhaust air is introduced with a central blower in the building and subsequently distributed by means of stubs.
  • the supply air is introduced into the building via the air outlet valves assigned to the stub end.
  • a ventilation system is controlled, for example, by the decentralized blower arrangements and their integrated sensors, by external sensors or by functionalities and by a wired control line between decentralized blower arrangements, control and central blower unit for the supply air. If a sensor reports a negative change in the room air, the respective decentralized blower arrangement increases the air volume at this exhaust air point and reports this to the control system. The control increases the air volume of the blower unit for the supply air so that a balanced volume flow balance between supply and exhaust air can be ensured. If the limit values at the sensor fall below again, the decentralized blower arrangement reduces its air volume and due to the feedback to the control, the supply air is reduced to the same extent. The increase or decrease in the amount of exhaust air can also be done manually by the user.
  • An inventive ventilation system with automatic adjustment detects the total amount of exhaust air and ensures a balanced air flow through the blower unit for the supply air via a control technology / control. This results in the following advantages over a system with feedback.
  • Any number of decentralized blower arrangements with different air flow rates can be used. Only the total exhaust air volume of all individual decentralized blower arrangements must not exceed the maximum flow rate of the supply air fan. There are no control lines between decentralized fan assemblies and control needed. The number of decentralized blower arrangements is not limited and the ventilation system is controlled and balanced exclusively by the actual volume of extracted air.
  • These blower arrangements 1 usually comprise a fan unit arranged in a housing, which is closed off at the front by a cover, wherein a filter element is usually arranged between the fan unit and the cover.
  • a control device 2 which registers the individual amounts of exhaust air and adjusts the supply air thereafter.
  • the air volumes of the blower arrangements can be changed individually via integrated or external controls.
  • the amount of air can be adjusted centrally via a remote control / switching element 13.
  • the individual exhaust ducts 3 of the fan assemblies open into a common exhaust duct 4.
  • at least one supply air duct 5 is provided for introducing supply air into the building, which supply air duct 5 branches into a plurality of branch ducts 6. The fresh air is introduced via the branch lines 6 at the predetermined locations in the building.
  • the supply air line 5 is associated with a "central or common" blower unit 7, wherein the controller 2 equal to the supply air in the supply air line 5, as in the exhaust duct 4, ie the sum of the exhaust air quantities of the decentralized blower assemblies. 1
  • connection lines 3 of the decentralized blower arrangements 1 are connected to the common exhaust air line 4, in whose flow path a heat exchanger 8 is arranged, which is also connected to the supply air line 5 for the purpose of preheating the supply air.
  • the supply air enters the building through an opening 10 and the exhaust air through an opening 9.
  • a silencer 11 is arranged in the supply air line 5, in the exemplary embodiment after the heat exchanger 8 and after the blower 7.
  • the supply air line 5 branches, as already mentioned, into a plurality of branch lines 6, via which the introduction of the fresh air takes place into the respective premises. These branch lines 6 are end equipped with air pass valves 12.
  • the exhaust air can be sucked in a decentralized, whereby the individual ventilation devices can be shifted up from a base load stage in which can be sucked, for example, 30 m 3 / h, for example, a forced ventilation of 60m 3 / h.
  • individual fans may be provided with lag relays, as may be advantageous in damp rooms, kitchens or the like, for example. They can be switched with light switches or with separate switching devices or the respective switching stage can be specified by the control unit.
  • the extracted amount of exhaust air is detected by the control unit 2 and adjusted accordingly to be introduced into the building supply air volume via the blower unit 7.

Abstract

Es wird eine Vorrichtung zum Luftaustausch in Gebäuden mit wenigstens zwei Gebläseanordnungen (1) zum Absaugen von Abluft vorgeschlagen. Die Vorrichtung umfasst zudem integrierte Steuerungen und/oder eine Steuerungseinrichtung zur Steuerung der abzusaugenden Abluftmenge und wenigstens eine Zuluftleitung (5) zum Einbringen von Zuluft in das Gebäude, die gegebenenfalls in mehrere Stichleitungen (6) verzweigt. Um vorteilhafte geordnete Lüftungsverhältnisse zu schaffen, wird vorgeschlagen, der Zuluftleitung (5) eine Gebläseeinheit (7) zuzuordnen, wobei die Steuerung (2) die Zuluftmenge gleichhoch vorgibt, wie die Summe der Abluftmengen der dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen (1) ist.A device for exchanging air in buildings with at least two blower arrangements (1) for extracting exhaust air is proposed. The device also includes integrated controls and / or a control device for controlling the amount of exhaust air to be extracted and at least one supply air line (5) for introducing supply air into the building, which optionally branches into a plurality of branch lines (6). In order to provide advantageous ordered ventilation conditions, it is proposed that the supply air line (5) assign a blower unit (7), wherein the controller (2) equal to the supply air, as the sum of the exhaust air quantities of the decentralized blower assemblies (1).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Luftaustausch in Gebäuden mit wenigstens zwei Gebläseanordnungen zum Absaugen von Abluft, mit integrierten Steuerungen und/oder einer Steuerungseinrichtung zur Steuerung der abzusaugenden Abluftmenge und mit wenigstens einer Zuluftleitung zum Einbringen von Zuluft in das Gebäude, die gegebenenfalls in mehrere Stichleitungen verzweigt.The invention relates to an apparatus for air exchange in buildings with at least two fan assemblies for extracting exhaust air, with integrated controls and / or a control device for controlling the amount of exhaust air to be extracted and at least one air supply line for introducing supply air into the building, which may be in several Branch lines branched.

Grundsätzlich ist es bekannt, diverse Gebäude bzw. Räumlichkeiten mittels Lüfteinheiten zu entlüften. Damit sollen beispielsweise Sanitärräume, Küchen, Abstellräume oder dgl. von schadstoff-, feuchter- bzw. geruchsbelasteter Luft befreit werden. Auch bei Passivhäusern ist mit derartigen Vorrichtungen ein geordneter Luftaustausch im Gebäude vorzusehen, um die ordnungsgemäße Sauerstoffversorgung im Gebäude zu gewährleisten. Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist insbesondere auch deshalb erforderlich, da die moderne Bauweise von Gebäuden, bei der die Gebäudehülle immer dichter ausgestaltet wird und deshalb keine natürliche Be- und Entlüftung in den Wohnräumen stattfinden kann, eine entsprechende Lüftungsanlage erfordert. Damit soll einerseits Energie eingespart werden, was anderseits aber zur Folge hat, dass eine entsprechende Lüftungsanlage vorgesehen wird, die ein behagliches Raumklima schafft. Diese Lüftungsanlage soll ein zugfreies, behagliches Raumklima ermöglichen und dabei möglichst geringe Betriebskosten verursachen.Basically, it is known to vent various buildings or premises by means of ventilation units. This should, for example, sanitary rooms, kitchens, storage rooms or the like. Are freed of pollutant, moist or odorous air. Even with passive houses, such devices should provide an orderly exchange of air in the building in order to ensure the proper oxygen supply in the building. Such a device is particularly necessary because the modern design of buildings, in which the building envelope is designed ever denser and therefore no natural ventilation in the living rooms can take place, requires a corresponding ventilation system. On the one hand energy should be saved on the one hand, but on the other hand has the consequence that a corresponding ventilation system is provided, which creates a comfortable indoor climate. This ventilation system should allow a draft-free, comfortable room climate and thereby cause the lowest possible operating costs.

Mit einem zentralen Abluftventilator für alle Abluftstellen, kann nur die gesamte Luftmenge im Wohnraum erhöht werden. Dies hat einen erhöhten Energiebedarf, Lärmpegel und niedrigere Luftfeuchte und eingeschränkte Luftmengenanpassung an der Abluftstelle zur Folge.With a central exhaust fan for all exhaust air points, only the total amount of air in the living room can be increased. This results in an increased energy demand, noise level and lower humidity and limited air volume adjustment at the exhaust point.

Bei Systemen mit zentralem Zu- und Abluftventilator müssen alle Zu- und Abluftöffnungen bei der Inbetriebnahme eingeregelt werden.For systems with a central supply and exhaust fan, all supply and exhaust openings must be adjusted during commissioning.

Eine Vorrichtung zum Luftaustausch zu schaffen, die einen energieeffizienten Austausch von Gebäudeluft erlaubt und dabei ein behagliches Raumklima schafft, ist Hauptaufgabe der Erfindung. Zudem soll eine bedarfsabhängige Luftregelung an der Abluftstelle möglich sein. Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung soll ein möglichst schneller und effizienter Abtransport schadstoffbelasteter/feuchter Luft aus Räumen möglich sein.To provide a device for air exchange, which allows an energy-efficient exchange of building air while creating a comfortable indoor climate, is the main object of the invention. In addition, a demand-dependent air control should be possible at the exhaust point. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fastest possible and more efficient removal of contaminated / moist air from rooms should be possible.

Die Erfindung löst die gestellte Aufgabe dadurch, dass der Zuluftleitung eine Gebläseeinheit zugeordnet ist, wobei die Steuerung die Zuluftmenge gleichhoch vorgibt, wie die Summe der Abluftmengen der dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen ist.The invention achieves the stated object in that the supply air line is associated with a blower unit, wherein the controller sets the supply air amount equal to how the sum of the exhaust air quantities of the decentralized blower arrangements.

Dadurch, dass vorgesehen wird, dass dieselbe Luftmenge wie sie von den Gebläseanordnungen aus dem Gebäude abgesaugt wird, mit einer zentralen Gebläseeinheit in das Gebäude eingebracht wird, herrschen innerhalb des Gebäudes nur besonders geringe Druckdifferenzen zwischen Absaugungen und Lufteinbringungsöffnungen vor, was insbesondere einem zugfreien Luftaustausch zugutekommt, der unter andere dafür verantwortlich ist, ein besonders behagliches Raumklima zu schaffen. Erfindungswesentlich ist es also, dass aktiv die gleiche Menge Zuluft in das Gebäude eingebracht wird, wie die aktiv von den einzelnen Stellen abgesaugt wird. Unterdrücke im Gebäude werden damit vermieden. Zur Steuerung können zentrale bzw. dezentrale Sensoren oder eine Mischung daraus verwendet werden. Zudem können zur Steuerung alle Geräte über Steuerleitungen mit der Steuerung verbunden werden und/oder die Luftmenge in der Abluftleitung wird gemessen und die Zuluft danach eingestellt. Für diesen Fall kann gegebenenfalls auch auf Steuerleitungen zwischen Steuerung und Gebläseeinheiten verzichtet werden.The fact that it is provided that the same amount of air as it is sucked from the blower assemblies from the building, is introduced with a central blower unit in the building, prevail within the building only very small pressure differences between suction and air inlet openings, which in particular a draft-free air exchange benefits which, among others, is responsible for creating a particularly comfortable indoor environment. It is therefore essential to the invention that the same amount of supply air is actively introduced into the building as is actively extracted by the individual points. Negative pressures in the building are thus avoided. Central or distributed sensors or a mixture thereof can be used for the control. In addition, all devices can be connected to the control via control lines and / or the amount of air in the exhaust air line is measured and the supply air adjusted accordingly. If necessary, control lines between the controller and blower units can also be dispensed with in this case.

Insbesondere empfiehlt es sich, wenn den Gebläseanordnungen je eine Sensorsteuerung zugeordnet ist. Die Sensorsteuerung kann eine Zeit-, Nachlauf-, Intervall- Feuchte-, Licht-, Fern-, C02 und/oder Bewegungssteuerung umfassen. Erfindungsgemäß wird wird jede Abluftstelle mit einer eigenen Gebläseanordnung, einem Ventilator, zur Luftförderung ausgerüstet. Damit kann die abzufördernde Luftmenge in jedem Raum punktuell erhöht oder abgesenkt werden. Durch die Sensorsteuerung (z.B.: Zeit-, Uhr-, Nachlauf-, Intervall-, Feuchte-, Licht- und Bewegungsmelder) beispielsweise im Ablüfter, kann eine Anpassung der Luftmenge ohne bewussten Eingriff des Nutzers erfolgen. Zusätzlich bzw. parallel zum Sensorbetrieb kann der Bewohner manuell mit einem Schalter an jeder Abluftstelle die Luftmenge erhöhen oder absenken. Die Zuluftmenge wird über die zentrale Gebläseeinheit immer automatisch an die Abluftmenge angepasst, damit eine ausgeglichene Volumenstrombilanz garantiert werden kann.In particular, it is recommended that the fan assemblies are each assigned a sensor control. The sensor control may include a time, lag, interval, humidity, light, distance, C0 2 and / or motion control. According to the invention, each exhaust air point will have its own fan arrangement, a fan, for conveying air equipped. Thus, the abzufördernde air amount can be selectively increased or decreased in each room. By the sensor control (eg: time, clock, caster, interval, humidity, light and motion detector), for example in the exhaust fan, an adjustment of the amount of air can be done without deliberate intervention of the user. In addition or parallel to the sensor operation, the resident can manually increase or decrease the amount of air with a switch at each exhaust air point. The supply air volume is always automatically adjusted to the exhaust air volume via the central blower unit so that a balanced volume flow balance can be guaranteed.

Folgende Module stehen dafür beispielsweise zur Verfügung.The following modules are available, for example.

Mit der programmierbaren Zeitschaltuhr kann jede Gebläseanordnung zum Absaugen von Abluft gezielt in jeder Betriebsstufe für ein definiertes Zeitintervall ein- bzw. ausgeschalten werden.With the programmable timer, each fan assembly for extracting exhaust air can be selectively switched on or off in each operating stage for a defined time interval.

Im Nachlauf schaltet sich die Gebläseanordnung zum Absaugen von Abluft verzögert ein bzw. aus. Die Ein- und Ausschaltzeiten können unabhängig voneinander eingestellt werden.In the wake, the blower arrangement switches on and off with a delay for extracting exhaust air. The on and off times can be set independently.

Mit dem Intervallmodul schaltet sich die Gebläseanordnung zum Absaugen von Abluft selbstständig nach Ablauf einer variabel einstellbaren Intervallzeit ein, läuft dann die eingestellte Betriebszeit und schaltet dann selbstständig wieder ab.With the interval module, the blower arrangement for extracting exhaust air switches on automatically after a variably adjustable interval time has elapsed, then runs the set operating time and then switches off again automatically.

Das Feuchtemodul schaltet die Gebläseanordnung zum Absaugen von Abluft in Abhängigkeit des Raum-Feuchtewertes und einer Klimalogik ein und aus.The humidity module switches the blower arrangement for extracting exhaust air in and out depending on the room humidity value and a climatic logic.

Der Lichtsensor schaltet die Gebläseanordnung zum Absaugen von Abluft bei Lichteinfall ein. Wird der Lichteinfall unterbrochen, schaltet der Lüfter, ggf. mit einer Nachlaufzeit, ab.The light sensor switches on the blower arrangement for extracting exhaust air in the event of light. If the incidence of light is interrupted, the fan switches off, if necessary with an overrun time.

Der Bewegungsmelder reagiert auf bewegende Wärmestrahlung und schaltet die Gebläseanordnung zum Absaugen von Abluft bei Eintritt in den Sensorbereich ein. Bei Verlassen des Bereiches schaltet der Lüfter wieder ab.The motion detector reacts to moving heat radiation and switches on the blower arrangement for extracting exhaust air when entering the sensor area. When leaving the area, the fan switches off again.

Mit der Fernsteuerung können die Gebläseanordnungen zum Absaugen von Abluft zentral ein- bzw. ausgeschaltet werden, wobei die manuelle, raumseitige Bedienung erhalten bleibt.With the remote control, the fan assemblies for extracting exhaust air can be switched on or off centrally, whereby the manual, room-side operation is maintained.

Wird der C02-Grenzwert an der Gebläseanordnung zum Absaugen von Abluft überschritten, schaltet der Lüfter ein, bei Unterschreitung schaltet er wieder ab.If the CO 2 limit value on the blower arrangement for extracting exhaust air is exceeded, the fan switches on, if it falls below it switches off again.

Zusätzlich sind auch nicht den Gebläseanordnungen zum Absaugen von Abluft direkt zugeordnete Sensoren zum Betrieb der Lüftungsanlage einsetzbar, welche bei einzelnen Ablüftern oder auch Ablüftergruppen oder beim ganzen Lüftungssystem die Luftmengen anpassen.In addition, not directly associated with the fan assemblies for extracting exhaust air sensors for operating the ventilation system can be used, which adjust the air volumes at individual fans or exhaust groups or the whole ventilation system.

Ein Feuchtesensormodul mit Klimalogik kann in Gebläseanordnungen zum Absaugen integriert sein und die Luftfeuchte der Umgebung erfassen. Wird beispielsweise ein Feuchteanstieg von mindestens 5% innerhalb von 15 Minuten erreicht, schaltet die Gebläseanordnung bei Erreichen der 5% Grenze sofort ein. Frühestens aber bei relativer 55% Luftfeuchte. Steigt die Umgebungsfeuchte langsamer, wird alle 15 Minuten ein neuer Startwert festgelegt, der Einschaltpunkt bewegt sich also mit. Vermindert sich die Feuchte, so wird der Einschaltpunkt nach unten korrigiert. Hat sich der Lüfter auf Grund eines Feuchteanstieges eingeschaltet, läuft er so lange, bis er die Feuchteschwelle, bei der er eingeschalten hat, wieder erreicht. Um sicherzustellen, dass der Lüfter abschaltet, kann eine Maximallaufzeit eingestellt werden. Der große Vorteil der Klimalogik liegt darin, dass auch im Sommer die Funktion gewährleistet bleibt. Bei einem fixen Einschaltpunkt würde das Feuchtemodul nur im Winter funktionieren und müsste im Sommer abgeschalten werden.A humidity sensor module with climate logic can be integrated in blower arrangements for suction and detect the humidity of the environment. If, for example, a humidity increase of at least 5% is achieved within 15 minutes, the fan arrangement switches on immediately when the 5% limit is reached. But at the earliest at a relative 55% humidity. If the ambient humidity increases more slowly, a new start value is set every 15 minutes, so the switch-on point moves with. If the humidity decreases, the switch-on point is corrected downwards. If the fan has switched on due to a rise in humidity, it will continue to run until it reaches the threshold level at which it switched on. To ensure that the fan shuts off, a maximum run time can be set. The big advantage of the climatic logic lies in the fact that the function remains guaranteed even in summer. With a fixed switch-on point, the humidity module would only work in winter and would have to be switched off in summer.

Zusätzlich kann das Feuchtesensormodul durch Betätigen eines Licht-/Lüftungsschalters in einen Schlafmodus versetzt werden. Die Feuchtesteuerung ist dann beispielsweise für 12 Stunden deaktiviert. Durch abermaliges Einschalten des Lüfters wird der Schlafmodus wieder außer Kraft gesetzt.In addition, the humidity sensor module can be set to sleep mode by pressing a light / ventilation switch. The humidity control is then deactivated for example for 12 hours. By switching on the fan again, the sleep mode is overridden.

Um dabei die Wärmeverluste möglichst gering zu halten, wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Anschlussleitungen der dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen in eine gemeinsame eine gemeinsame Abluftleitung angeschlossen sind, in deren Strömungsweg ein Wärmetauscher angeordnet ist, der zwecks Vorwärmung der Zuluft ebenfalls an die Zuluftleitung angeschlossen ist und von dieser durchströmt wird. Die aus dem Gebäude auszubringende Abluft gibt somit die Wärme an die in das Gebäude einströmende Zuluft, in allgemein bekannter Weise, ab. Kostengünstige Verhältnisse werden insbesondere dadurch geschaffen, dass alle Abluftleitungen und die Zuluftleitung durch ein einziges Wärmetauscherelement geleitet werden. Dieses kann dann gegebenenfalls gereinigt bzw. desinfiziert werden. Um den Geräuschpegel möglichst gering zu halten, was ebenfalls einen Einfluss auf das Raumklima hat, wird vorgeschlagen, dass in der Zuluftleitung ein Schalldämpfer angeordnet ist. Dieser Schalldämpfer ist insbesondere nach dem gemeinsamen Gebläse der Zuluftleitung angeordnet und sorgt dafür, dass nur möglichst schallberuhigte Luft zu den einzelnen Luftzuführöffnungen geleitet wird.In order to keep the heat loss as low as possible, it is proposed that the connecting lines of the decentralized fan assemblies are connected in a common common exhaust duct, in the flow path, a heat exchanger is arranged, which is also connected to the supply air to preheat the supply air and flows through it becomes. The exhaust air to be discharged from the building thus releases the heat to the supply air flowing into the building, in a generally known manner. Cost-effective conditions are created in particular by the fact that all the exhaust air ducts and the supply air duct are passed through a single heat exchanger element. This can then be optionally cleaned or disinfected. In order to keep the noise level as low as possible, which also has an influence on the room climate, it is proposed that a silencer is arranged in the supply air line. This muffler is arranged in particular after the common fan of the supply air line and ensures that only sound as quiet as possible is directed to the individual air supply openings.

Gegebenenfalls kann es von Vorteil sein, wenn die Zuluftleitung in mehreren Stichleitungen verzweigt, die einseitig mit je einem Luftdurchlassventil ausgestattet sind. Damit ist es auch möglichst, zielgerichtete Lüftungen, beispielsweise Wohnzimmer, Arbeitszimmer, Schlafzimmer vornehmen zu können. So lassen sich verschiedene Winter- wie Sommerregelmodelle realisieren, wobei in der kalten Jahreszeit beispielsweise die Zu- und Abluftführung über den Wärmetauscher erfolgen kann und im Sommer dieser Wärmetauscher gegebenenfalls umgangen wird. Es lassen sich auch verschiedenste Lüftmodelle umsetzen, so beispielsweise eine Grundumluftstellung, die den Grundaustausch sicherstellt. Dazu können bedarfsgesteuerte Abluftmengen eingestellt werden, wie sie beispielsweise in der Küche, im Bad oder in WC-Anlagen oder dgl. anfallen, um Räume gezielt rasch entsprechend belüften zu können. Zudem besteht auch die Möglichkeit, das gesamte Gebäude mit hoher Leistung zu durchlüften, wie dies beispielsweise erforderlich sein kann, wenn eine größere Anzahl an Menschen im Gebäude anwesend ist. Die Zuluftmenge wird über die Abluftmenge der Abluftgeräte elektronisch geregelt und liefert immer genau die Zuluftmenge die gerade benötigt wird.Optionally, it may be advantageous if the supply air branched into several branch lines, which are equipped on one side with one air outlet valve. Thus, it is also possible, targeted ventilation, such as living room, study, bedroom to make. Thus, various winter and summer control models can be realized, wherein in the cold season, for example, the supply and exhaust air can be done via the heat exchanger and summer, this heat exchanger is optionally bypassed. It can also implement a variety of ventilation models, such as a Grundumluftstellung that ensures the basic exchange. Can do this Demand-controlled amounts of exhaust air are set, as incurred for example in the kitchen, in the bathroom or in toilet facilities or the like. In order to ventilate rooms targeted quickly accordingly. There is also the option of ventilating the entire building with high performance, as may be required, for example, when a larger number of people are present in the building. The supply air volume is electronically controlled by the exhaust air volume of the exhaust air devices and always delivers precisely the supply air volume that is currently required.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Luftaustausch in einem Gebäude, dessen Abluft mit wenigstens zwei dezentralen Gebläuseanordnungen abgesaugt wird, zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die gleiche Menge an abgesaugter Abluft mit einem zentralen Gebläse in das Gebäude eingebracht und in weiterer Folge mittels Stichleitungen verteilt wird. Dazu empfiehlt es sich, wenn die Zuluft über den den Stichleitungsenden zugeordnete Luftdurchlassventile in das Gebäude eingebracht wird.The inventive method for exchanging air in a building, the exhaust air is sucked off with at least two decentralized fan assemblies, characterized in that the same amount of extracted exhaust air is introduced with a central blower in the building and subsequently distributed by means of stubs. For this purpose, it is recommended that the supply air is introduced into the building via the air outlet valves assigned to the stub end.

Ein erfindungsgemäßese Lüftungssystem wird beispielsweise durch die dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen und deren integrierte Sensorik, durch externe Sensoren bzw. durch Funktionalitäten und durch eine drahtgebundene Steuerleitung zwischen dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen, Steuerung und zentraler Gebläseeinheit für die Zuluft gesteuert. Meldet ein Sensor eine negative Veränderung der Raumluft so erhöht die jeweilige dezentrale Gebläseanordnung an dieser Abluftstelle die Luftmenge und meldet dies an die Steuerung. Die Steuerung erhöht die Luftmenge der Gebläseeinheit für die Zuluft damit eine ausgeglichene Volumenstrombilanz zwischen Zu- und Abluft gewährleistet werden kann. Werden die Grenzwerte am Sensor wieder unterschritten, verringert die dezentrale Gebläseanordnung ihre Luftmenge und auf Grund der Rückmeldung zur Steuerung wird auch die Zuluft in gleichem Maß verringert. Die Erhöhung bzw. Verringerung der Abluftmenge kann auch manuell durch den Nutzer erfolgen.A ventilation system according to the invention is controlled, for example, by the decentralized blower arrangements and their integrated sensors, by external sensors or by functionalities and by a wired control line between decentralized blower arrangements, control and central blower unit for the supply air. If a sensor reports a negative change in the room air, the respective decentralized blower arrangement increases the air volume at this exhaust air point and reports this to the control system. The control increases the air volume of the blower unit for the supply air so that a balanced volume flow balance between supply and exhaust air can be ensured. If the limit values at the sensor fall below again, the decentralized blower arrangement reduces its air volume and due to the feedback to the control, the supply air is reduced to the same extent. The increase or decrease in the amount of exhaust air can also be done manually by the user.

Ein erfindungsgemäßese Lüftungssystem mit automatischer Anpassung erfasst die Gesamt-Abluftmenge und stellt über eine Regeltechnik/Steuerung einen balancierten Luftvolumenstrom durch die Gebläseeinheit für die Zuluft sicher. Damit ergeben sich folgende Vorteile gegenüber einem System mit Rückmeldung. Es können beliebig viele dezentrale Gebläseanordnungen mit unterschiedlichen Luftvolumenströmen eingesetzt werden. Einzig die gesamte Abluftmenge aller einzelnen dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen darf die maximale Fördermenge des Zuluftventilators nicht überschreiten. Es sind keine Steuerleitungen zwischen dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen und Steuerung nötig. Die Anzahl der dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen ist nicht begrenzt und die Lüftungsanlage wird ausschließlich über die tatsächlich geförderte Abluftmenge geregelt und ausbalanciert.An inventive ventilation system with automatic adjustment detects the total amount of exhaust air and ensures a balanced air flow through the blower unit for the supply air via a control technology / control. This results in the following advantages over a system with feedback. Any number of decentralized blower arrangements with different air flow rates can be used. Only the total exhaust air volume of all individual decentralized blower arrangements must not exceed the maximum flow rate of the supply air fan. There are no control lines between decentralized fan assemblies and control needed. The number of decentralized blower arrangements is not limited and the ventilation system is controlled and balanced exclusively by the actual volume of extracted air.

In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung anhand eines Anlagenschemas schematisch dargestellt.In the drawing, the invention is illustrated schematically with reference to a plant scheme.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Luftaustausch in Gebäuden umfasst wenigstens zwei, im vorliegenden Fall drei Gebläseanordnungen 1, zum Absaugen von Abluft. Diese Gebläseanordnungen 1 umfassen üblicherweise eine in einem Gehäuse angeordnete Lüftereinheit, die mit einem Deckel vorne abgeschlossen ist, wobei zwischen Lüftereinheit und Deckel üblicherweise ein Filterelement angeordnet ist.A device according to the invention for exchanging air in buildings comprises at least two, in the present case three fan arrangements 1, for extracting exhaust air. These blower arrangements 1 usually comprise a fan unit arranged in a housing, which is closed off at the front by a cover, wherein a filter element is usually arranged between the fan unit and the cover.

Zur Ansteuerung dieser Gebläseanordnungen 1 ist eine Steuereinrichtung 2 vorgesehen, welche die einzelnen Abluftmengen registriert und die Zuluft danach einstellt. Die Luftmengen der Gebläseanordnungen können einzeln über integrierte oder externe Steuerungen verändert werden. Zusätzlich kann die Luftmenge zentral über eine Fernsteuerung/Schaltelement 13 eingestellt werden. Die einzelnen Abluftleitungen 3 der Gebläseanordnungen münden in eine gemeinsame Abluftleitung 4. Des Weiteren ist wenigsten eine Zuluftleitung 5 zum Einbringen von Zuluft in das Gebäude vorgesehen, welche Zuluftleitung 5 in mehrere Stichleitungen 6 verzweigt. Die Frischluft wird über die Stichleitungen 6 an den vorgegebenen Stellen in das Gebäude eingebracht.To control these fan assemblies 1, a control device 2 is provided which registers the individual amounts of exhaust air and adjusts the supply air thereafter. The air volumes of the blower arrangements can be changed individually via integrated or external controls. In addition, the amount of air can be adjusted centrally via a remote control / switching element 13. The individual exhaust ducts 3 of the fan assemblies open into a common exhaust duct 4. Furthermore, at least one supply air duct 5 is provided for introducing supply air into the building, which supply air duct 5 branches into a plurality of branch ducts 6. The fresh air is introduced via the branch lines 6 at the predetermined locations in the building.

Der Zuluftleitung 5 ist eine "zentrale bzw. gemeinsame" Gebläseeinheit 7 zugeordnet, wobei die Steuerung 2 die Zuluftmenge in der Zuluftleitung 5 gleich hoch vorgibt, wie in der Abluftleitung 4, also der Summe der Abluftmengen der dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen 1.The supply air line 5 is associated with a "central or common" blower unit 7, wherein the controller 2 equal to the supply air in the supply air line 5, as in the exhaust duct 4, ie the sum of the exhaust air quantities of the decentralized blower assemblies. 1

Die Anschlussleitungen 3 der dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen 1 sind an die gemeinsame Abluftleitung 4 angeschlossen, in deren Strömungsweg ein Wärmetauscher 8 angeordnet ist, der zwecks Vorwärmung der Zuluft ebenfalls an die Zuluftleitung 5 angeschlossen ist. Die Zuluft tritt in das Gebäude durch eine Öffnung 10 ein und die Abluft durch eine Öffnung 9 aus. Des Weiteren ist in der Zuluftleitung 5, im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Wärmetauscher 8 und nach Gebläse 7 ein Schalldämpfer 11 angeordnet. Des Weiteren verzweigt die Zuluftleitung 5, wie bereits erwähnt, in mehrere Stichleitungen 6, über welche die Einbringung der Frischluft in die jeweiligen Räumlichkeiten erfolgt. Diese Stichleitungen 6 sind endseitig mit Luftdurchlassventilen 12 ausgestattet. Mit einer derartigen Vorrichtung kann die Abluft dezentral abgesaugt werden, wobei die einzelnen Entlüftungsgeräte von einer Grundlaststufe, in der beispielsweise 30m3/h abgesaugt werden können, beispielsweise auf eine Bedarfslüftung von 60m3/h hochgeschaltet werden können. Einzelne Lüfter können beispielsweise mit Nachlaufrelais ausgestattet sein, wie dies beispielsweise in Feuchträumen, Küchen oder dgl. von Vorteil sein kann. Sie können mit Lichtschaltern oder mit gesonderten Schalteinrichtungen geschaltet werden bzw. kann die jeweilige Schaltstufe von der Steuereinheit vorgegeben werden. In jedem Fall wird die geförderte Abluftmenge von der Steuereinheit 2 erfasst und die in das Gebäude einzubringende Zuluftmenge über die Gebläseeinheit 7 entsprechend nachgeregelt.The connection lines 3 of the decentralized blower arrangements 1 are connected to the common exhaust air line 4, in whose flow path a heat exchanger 8 is arranged, which is also connected to the supply air line 5 for the purpose of preheating the supply air. The supply air enters the building through an opening 10 and the exhaust air through an opening 9. Furthermore, a silencer 11 is arranged in the supply air line 5, in the exemplary embodiment after the heat exchanger 8 and after the blower 7. Furthermore, the supply air line 5 branches, as already mentioned, into a plurality of branch lines 6, via which the introduction of the fresh air takes place into the respective premises. These branch lines 6 are end equipped with air pass valves 12. With such a device, the exhaust air can be sucked in a decentralized, whereby the individual ventilation devices can be shifted up from a base load stage in which can be sucked, for example, 30 m 3 / h, for example, a forced ventilation of 60m 3 / h. For example, individual fans may be provided with lag relays, as may be advantageous in damp rooms, kitchens or the like, for example. They can be switched with light switches or with separate switching devices or the respective switching stage can be specified by the control unit. In any case, the extracted amount of exhaust air is detected by the control unit 2 and adjusted accordingly to be introduced into the building supply air volume via the blower unit 7.

Claims (10)

Vorrichtung zum Luftaustausch in Gebäuden mit wenigstens zwei Gebläseanordnungen (1) zum Absaugen von Abluft, mit integrierten Steuerungen und/oder einer Steuerungseinrichtung (13) zur Steuerung der abzusaugenden Abluftmenge und mit wenigstens einer Zuluftleitung (5) zum Einbringen von Zuluft in das Gebäude, die gegebenenfalls in mehrere Stichleitungen (6) verzweigt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zuluftleitung (5) eine Gebläseeinheit (7) zugeordnet ist, wobei die Steuerung (2) die Zuluftmenge gleichhoch vorgibt, wie die Summe der Abluftmengen der dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen (1) ist.Device for exchanging air in buildings with at least two blower arrangements (1) for extracting exhaust air, with integrated controls and / or control means (13) for controlling the amount of exhaust air to be extracted and with at least one supply air duct (5) for introducing supply air into the building, optionally branched into a plurality of branch lines (6), characterized in that the supply air line (5) is assigned a blower unit (7), wherein the controller (2) sets the supply air amount equal to the sum of the exhaust air quantities of the decentralized blower arrangements (1). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass den Gebläseanordnungen (1) eine Sensorsteuerung zugeordnet ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the fan assemblies (1) is associated with a sensor control. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sensorsteuerung eine Zeit-, Nachlauf-, Intervall-, Feuchte-, Licht-, Fern-, CO2 und/oder Bewegungssteuerung umfasst.Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the sensor control comprises a time, after-run, interval, humidity, light, remote, CO 2 and / or motion control. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Anschlussleitungen (3) der dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen (1) in eine gemeinsame Abluftleitung (4) angeschlossen sind, in deren Strömungsweg ein Wärmetauscher (8) angeordnet ist, der zwecks Vorwärmung der Zuluft ebenfalls an die Zuluftleitung (5) angeschlossen ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that connection lines (3) of the decentralized blower arrangements (1) are connected in a common exhaust duct (4), in the flow path of a heat exchanger (8) is arranged, which also for the purpose of preheating the supply air is connected to the supply air line (5). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Zuluftleitung (5) ein Schalldämpfer (11) angeordnet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the supply air line (5) a muffler (11) is arranged. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zuluftleitung (5) in mehrere Stichleitungen (6) verzweigt, die endseitig mit einem Luftdurchlassventil (12) ausgestattet sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the supply air line (5) branches into a plurality of branch lines (6) which are end equipped with an air passage valve (12). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuerung (2) die Gebläseeinheit (7) für die Zuluft derart ansteuert, dass die Zuluftmenge der Summe der Abluftmengen der dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen (1) entspricht.Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the controller (2) controls the fan unit (7) for the supply air such that the supply air amount of the sum of the exhaust air amounts of the decentralized fan assemblies (1). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Zuluftleitung (5) ein Ventilator angeordnet und/oder einer Sensorsteuerung der Gebläseanordnungen (1) eine Klimalogik zugeordnet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the air supply line (5) arranged a fan and / or a sensor control of the fan assemblies (1) is associated with a Klimalogik. Verfahren zum Luftaustausch im Gebäude, dessen Abluft mit wenigstens zwei dezentralen Gebläseanordnungen abgesaugt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gleiche Menge an abgesaugter Abluft mit einem zentralen Gebläse in das Gebäude eingebracht und in weiterer Folge mittels Stichleitungen verteilt wird.A method for exchanging air in the building, the exhaust air is sucked with at least two decentralized blower arrangements, characterized in that the same amount of extracted exhaust air is introduced with a central blower in the building and subsequently distributed by means of branch lines. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zuluft über den Stichleitungsenden zugeordnete Luftdurchlassventile in das Gebäude eingebracht wird.A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the supply air is introduced via the spur ends associated air outlet valves in the building.
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