EP3171982B2 - Centrifugeuse - Google Patents

Centrifugeuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3171982B2
EP3171982B2 EP15749746.2A EP15749746A EP3171982B2 EP 3171982 B2 EP3171982 B2 EP 3171982B2 EP 15749746 A EP15749746 A EP 15749746A EP 3171982 B2 EP3171982 B2 EP 3171982B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifuge
safety
circuit
primary circuit
housing
Prior art date
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Application number
EP15749746.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3171982A1 (fr
EP3171982B1 (fr
Inventor
Matthias Hornek
Klaus-Günter Eberle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Andreas Hettich GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Andreas Hettich GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
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Application filed by Andreas Hettich GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Andreas Hettich GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3171982A1 publication Critical patent/EP3171982A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B15/00—Other accessories for centrifuges
    • B04B15/02—Other accessories for centrifuges for cooling, heating, or heat insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/02—Casings; Lids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/02—Casings; Lids
    • B04B7/06—Safety devices ; Regulating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifuge according to the type specified in the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • centrifuge During the operation of a centrifuge, undesirable heat is generated which is harmful to the material to be centrifuged.
  • a particular problem here is that the centrifuge rotor, the rotation of which and the resulting air friction causes a large part of the heat, is usually arranged for safety reasons in a safety chamber that is tightly closed by a lid. This makes it difficult for the heat to escape from it.
  • Biological samples often require a temperature of 4°C to be maintained during centrifugation. Active cooling is therefore indispensable, especially with longer operating times, high speeds and sample temperatures below ambient temperature.
  • a refrigerant flows in a refrigeration circuit, which is separated into a high-pressure and a low-pressure area by a throttle and a compressor. After heat has been removed from the refrigerant in the high-pressure area in a condenser, it flows in the low-pressure area in, for example, spirally arranged lines around a safety tank in which the rotor of the centrifuge is arranged, and in the process extracts heat from the safety tank.
  • the JP H07 144 155 A aims to provide a centrifugal separator equipped with a water cooler capable of precisely controlling the temperature by controlling the air temperature in the bowl of the centrifuge by controlling the operation of a pump.
  • a water cooler 20 is connected to a connecting pipe.
  • a chilled cooling liquid is sent to the centrifugal separator to cool the air in the bowl.
  • a bowl air temperature regulator opens the contact of a relay and the supply of cooling liquid is stopped.
  • the DE 10 2012 002 593 A1 relates to a centrifuge with a compressor cooling device and a method for controlling a compressor cooling device of the centrifuge.
  • the centrifuge includes a centrifuge bowl and a compressor cooling device, which has a refrigeration circuit, an evaporator, a condenser and a compressor.
  • a controllable throttle device for regulating the refrigerant flow is provided in the refrigeration circuit of the compressor cooling device. It is the object of the invention, while avoiding the disadvantages mentioned, to create a centrifuge whose cooling is efficient and, at the same time, harmless both from the point of view of safety and from the point of view of environmental protection.
  • the invention is based on the finding that by dividing the cooling circuit into a safety-critical area and a separate safety-related non-critical area, this task can be solved in a simple manner, particularly if different heat transfer mediums—refrigerants—are used in the two areas.
  • the centrifuge has a centrifuge housing, a safety tank arranged in the centrifuge housing, an inner space delimited by the safety tank, a rotor arranged in the inner space, and a cooling system arranged in the centrifuge housing for cooling the inner space.
  • the refrigeration system comprises a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, which are connected to one another via duct means.
  • the cooling system has a primary circuit with primary line means and a secondary circuit with secondary line means, the primary circuit comprising the compressor, the condenser and the evaporator, which is part of a heat exchanger, and the secondary circuit flowing through the heat exchanger and cooling the safety boiler.
  • a pump is provided in the secondary circuit to ensure a constant flow of the heat transfer medium and thus efficient cooling of the safety boiler. It is therefore possible to use different heat transfer media in the two circuits, depending on the safety requirements, which result in further design options and targeted safety measures to take for the corresponding circuit.
  • a conventional combustible refrigerant flows in the primary circuit, which has a large specific enthalpy of vaporization at comparatively low procurement costs.
  • the primary circuit is located below the secondary circuit and the safety tank. This significantly reduces the risk of the primary circuit being damaged in the event of a rotor crash and a blowout of the safety tank.
  • the primary circuit is offset laterally to the secondary circuit in the centrifuge housing, a significantly more compact design of the centrifuge can be realized, especially with regard to the vertical expansion.
  • a safety wall spatially separating the two circuits is provided between the primary circuit and the secondary circuit. The risk of damage to the primary circuit in the event of a rotor crash and a breakdown of the safety boiler is further reduced if the primary circuit is offset to the side of the secondary circuit.
  • the safety tank is fixed in the centrifuge housing via a clamp connection, which allows the safety tank to move relative to the centrifuge housing in the event of a rotor crash.
  • a movement, in particular a rotary movement, of the safety boiler is initiated by the rotor impacting the safety boiler or by the rotor parts impacting the safety boiler and the resulting angular momentum, which is braked by the clamp connection.
  • the energy of the crash acting on the centrifuge housing is significantly weakened or completely eliminated, which improves the protection of the primary circuit from damage.
  • At least one additional mass element is arranged in the centrifuge housing in order to stabilize the centrifuge housing. This stabilization also serves to protect the primary circuit from the effects of the angular momentum that occurs in the event of a rotor crash.
  • the protection of the primary circuit can also be improved in that the primary line means are made of a mechanically stronger material than the secondary line means.
  • predetermined breaking points are provided on the secondary line means.
  • the mechanical connection between the secondary circuit and the primary circuit is separated and this prevents the impulse from being transmitted via the secondary Line means is directed into the area of the primary circuit and causes damage there.
  • the safety tank is preferably surrounded by a separate, in particular cylindrical, protective wall that is concentric with the safety tank. This further reduces the risk of damage to the primary circuit or the centrifuge housing in the event of a rotor crash.
  • the predetermined breaking points mentioned above are provided at the points at which the secondary line means reach through the cylindrical protective wall.
  • the secondary line means are easily sheared off by the protective wall during a relative movement, in particular a rotary movement, of the safety chamber with respect to the centrifuge housing.
  • a predetermined breaking point can be formed in the secondary line means, for example by weakening an area of the line means.
  • the predetermined breaking point can also be formed solely by assigning a shearing device to an area of the conduit.
  • the shearing device is activated during a relative movement, in particular a rotary movement, of the safety tank by the line means being moved towards the shearing device and/or the shearing device towards the line means.
  • the shearing device cuts through the conduit in the area assigned to it.
  • insulating and/or insulating materials are provided in the primary circuit, in particular between the compressor, the condenser and the evaporator. Insulation materials ensure greater stability, especially when the primary circuit is subjected to a large external impulse. In particular, it is prevented that the compressor, which is mounted on elastic damping elements, can be torn from its anchorage and the pipelines rupture. Another positive property of insulating materials is that they increase the efficiency of the refrigeration components. For example, rigid foam moldings are well suited to fulfill these two tasks and as insulation and to serve as an insulator. It is particularly advantageous if the molded parts have integrated channels that are used on the one hand for laying cables and on the other hand for a defined air flow.
  • a positive secondary aspect of this invention is that the demands on the line means that are provided in the secondary circuit are significantly lower than the demands on the line means that are provided in the low-pressure area of a conventional cooling device with a cooling circuit.
  • the operating pressure in the secondary circuit of a cooling device according to the invention is still significantly lower than in the low-pressure area of a conventional cooling device.
  • damage to the line means in the secondary circuit does not pose any safety risks. Consequently, instead of rigid, massive and expensive line means such as copper pipes, flexible hoses can be used here, for example. This reduces the construction effort and lowers the cost of the centrifuge.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic perspective view of a centrifuge 10 according to the invention is shown.
  • the housing is not shown; the arrangement of the housing cover 13a and the side walls 13b can of 3 be removed.
  • a safety tank 14 of the centrifuge 10 is arranged on a base plate 12 together with a compression refrigeration unit 20 .
  • the compression refrigeration unit 20 essentially comprises a compressor 22, a condenser 24, a fan 25, a filter drier 28 and an evaporator 26, which is part of a heat exchanger 30, which are connected to one another via primary pipes 29 and a primary circuit 52 (see Fig 2 ) form.
  • a combustible refrigerant 54 flows in the primary pipelines 29.
  • the safety boiler 14 is surrounded by secondary pipelines 34, which can only be partially seen in this figure, which essentially form a secondary circuit 62 (see 2 ) form.
  • a non-combustible heat transfer medium 64 flows in the secondary pipelines 34.
  • the structure of the primary circuit 52 and the secondary circuit 62 is shown in 2 again illustrated by a schematic representation.
  • a protective cylinder 18 is arranged concentrically around the safety tank 14 and is fixed, in particular horizontally, by four clamping elements 38 which are fixed at equal distances from one another on the outer circumference of the protective cylinder 18 on the base plate 12 . From this perspective, however, only one clamping element 38 can be seen.
  • the protective cylinder 18 prevents rotor parts flying around from spreading over a wide area, which could penetrate the centrifuge wall and cause major damage.
  • a safety wall 36 is arranged on the base plate 12 between the safety tank 14 and the compression refrigeration unit 20 .
  • the secondary circuit 62 flows through the heat exchanger 30.
  • two recesses 34a and 34b are provided in the safety wall 36, through which the pipelines 34 of the secondary circuit 62 each pass.
  • the pipe 34 runs from the safety tank 14 through the recess 34b to the heat exchanger 30 by the secondary circuit 62 heat is extracted.
  • a pump 32 for conveying the non-combustible heat transfer medium 64 is arranged between the heat exchanger 30 and the recess 34a, through which the pipeline 34 runs back to the safety boiler 14.
  • the primary circuit 52 On the hot side 50 is the primary circuit 52, in which a flammable refrigerant 54 flows, with the compression refrigeration unit 20, which comprises the compressor 22, the condenser 24, the fan 25, the throttle 28 and the evaporator 26, which are connected via primary pipes 29 are connected to each other.
  • the compression refrigeration unit 20 which comprises the compressor 22, the condenser 24, the fan 25, the throttle 28 and the evaporator 26, which are connected via primary pipes 29 are connected to each other.
  • the evaporator 26 is part of a heat exchanger 30, through which the pipes 34 of the secondary circuit 62 also flow.
  • the primary circuit 52 and the secondary circuit 62 are thus thermally coupled via the heat exchanger 30 .
  • the heat extracted from the safety boiler 14 is transferred from the non-flammable heat transfer medium 64 from the secondary circuit 62 in the heat exchanger 30 to the flammable refrigerant 54 in the primary circuit 52 .
  • the transferred heat is released from the combustible refrigerant 54 to the ambient air 56 via the condenser 24 .
  • the use of the fan 25 improves the heat dissipation. Compression refrigeration units are known in principle, so that further explanations are unnecessary.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view, partially in section, of the 1 illustrated primary circuit 52 of the centrifuge 10 from the perspective of the secondary circuit 62 is shown.
  • the compressor 22, the condenser 24 with the associated fan 25, the filter dryer 28 and the evaporator 26, not shown here are connected to one another via primary pipelines 29.
  • the primary circuit 52 like the one in 3 secondary circuit 62, not shown, surrounded by a cuboid housing 13, which has a base plate 12 on the underside, a housing cover 13a on the upper side and side walls 13b, 13c between the base plate 12 and the housing cover 13a. Ventilation slots 24a are provided in the area of the side wall 13c adjacent to the condenser 24 .
  • a rigid foam molded part for the purpose of insulation and damping of vibrations 40 arranged.
  • the shape of the rigid foam molded part 40 is adapted to the housing 13 and in some areas to the profile of the elements of the primary circuit 52 mentioned.
  • the rigid foam molded part 40 extends horizontally between the side walls 13b and 13c along the housing cover 13a and vertically in some areas along the side walls 13b and 13c and in some areas along the profile of the aforementioned elements of the primary circuit 52.
  • the vertical extent of the rigid foam molded part 40 is adapted to the structural conditions of the Adjusted primary circuit and chosen so that it is easy to introduce and surrounds about the upper third of the compressor 22 and at the same time at least on the top of said elements of the primary circuit 52 is present.
  • the rigid foam molding 40 surrounds the compressor 22 approximately in the upper third of its vertical extent.
  • 40 channels 42 are provided in the rigid foam molded part, in which primary pipes 29 run.
  • the centrifuge 10 stands on four feet 46 attached to the underside of the base plate 12 on a base, two of which feet 46 are located below the primary circuit. To increase stability, a rectangular mass element 44 is also attached approximately centrally to the underside of the base plate 12 .
  • FIG. 4 An alternative embodiment of a centrifuge 10 according to the invention is shown in which a secondary circuit 62 is arranged above a primary circuit 52 . For the sake of clarity, no housing is shown here.
  • the primary circuit 52 is arranged on a rectangular base plate 70 with two end faces 72 and two longitudinal sides 74 . Structure and function are identical to those in Figures 1 to 3 described primary circuit 52 and therefore require no further explanation.
  • a frame 76 is fastened to the edges of the base plate 70 by means of screws 88, which is used on the one hand to attach side walls of the housing (not shown here) and on the other hand to stably fasten an intermediate base 90 with two end faces 92 and two long sides 94, on which the secondary circuit 62 is arranged.
  • the framework 76 comprises two rectangular frame parts 78 each with two end faces 80 and two longitudinal sides 82a and 82b, which are arranged between the two end faces 72 of the base plate 70 and the two end faces 92 of the intermediate floor 90 .
  • the longitudinal sides 82a are firmly connected to the base plate 70 by screws 88 and the longitudinal sides 82b are firmly connected to the intermediate base 90 by means of screws 88 .
  • the frame structure 76 also includes two horizontally extending frame elements 84, which are firmly connected to the base plate 70 on both of its longitudinal sides 74 by means of screws 88, and four vertical frame elements 86.
  • the vertically extending frame elements 86 extend from the four corners of the base plate 70 to the four corners of the intermediate floor 90.
  • the frame elements 86 have two legs 87a and 87b which are perpendicular to one another and are designed in one piece and of the same material.
  • the legs 87a are each arranged between the end face 72 of the base plate 70 and the end face 92 of the intermediate floor 90
  • the legs 87b are each arranged between the longitudinal side 74 of the base plate 70 and the longitudinal side 94 of the intermediate floor 90
  • Horizontal frame elements 96 are fastened to both end faces 92 and horizontal frame elements 98 to both long sides 94 by means of screws 88--among other things for fastening side walls of the housing not shown here.
  • the secondary circuit 62 arranged on the intermediate floor 90 essentially corresponds to that in FIGS Figures 1 to 3 described, therefore further explanations are superfluous. Only the routing of the secondary pipelines 34 is changed accordingly due to the arrangement of the primary circuit 52 and the secondary circuit 62 lying vertically one above the other.
  • the safety tank 14 and the protective cylinder 18 surrounding it are mounted on a holding device 100 which is firmly connected to the intermediate floor 90 and to the horizontal frame elements 98 and the horizontal frame elements 96 .
  • support struts 102 are provided below the intermediate floor 90, which run parallel to the end faces 92 and are firmly connected to the intermediate floor 90 and to the horizontal frame elements 98 by means of screws 88.

Landscapes

  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Centrifugeuse (10) comprenant un carter de centrifugeuse (13), une chaudière de sécurité (14) agencée dans le carter de centrifugeuse (13), un espace intérieur (16) délimité au moins en partie par la chaudière de sécurité (14), un rotor agencé dans l'espace intérieur (16), et un système de refroidissement qui est agencé dans le carter de centrifugeuse (13) et qui sert à refroidir l'espace intérieur (16), ledit système étant pourvu d'un compresseur (22), d'un condensateur (24) et d'un évaporateur (26) qui sont reliés entre eux par des moyens formant conduites, caractérisée en ce que le système de refroidissement comprend un circuit primaire (52) présentant des moyens formant conduites primaires (29) et un circuit secondaire (62) présentant des moyens formant conduites secondaires (34), dans lequel le circuit primaire (52) comporte le compresseur (22), le condensateur (24) et l'évaporateur (26), qui fait partie d'un échangeur de chaleur (30), dans lequel le circuit secondaire (62) traverse l'échangeur de chaleur (30), refroidit la chaudière de sécurité (14) et est pourvu d'une pompe (32), et dans lequel un fluide frigorifique (54) combustible s'écoule dans le circuit primaire (52) et un agent caloporteur (64) non combustible s'écoule dans le circuit secondaire (62).
  2. Centrifugeuse selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le circuit primaire (52) est agencé au-dessous du circuit secondaire (62) et de la chaudière de sécurité (14).
  3. Centrifugeuse selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le circuit primaire (52) est décalé latéralement du circuit secondaire (62) dans le carter de centrifugeuse (13).
  4. Centrifugeuse selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce qu'une paroi de sécurité (36) est prévue entre le circuit primaire (52) et la chaudière de sécurité (14) pour les séparer dans l'espace.
  5. Centrifugeuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la chaudière de sécurité (14) est fixée dans le carter de centrifugeuse (13) par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison par serrage, qui permet en cas de collision un mouvement relatif de la chaudière de sécurité (14) par rapport au carter de centrifugeuse (13).
  6. Centrifugeuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, pour la stabilisation du carter de centrifugeuse (13), au moins un élément de masse (44) supplémentaire est agencé dans le carter de centrifugeuse (13).
  7. Centrifugeuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens formant conduites primaires (29) sont réalisés à partir d'un matériau mécaniquement plus solide que celui des moyens formant conduites secondaires (34).
  8. Centrifugeuse selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que des points de rupture sont prévus sur les moyens formant conduites secondaires (34).
  9. Centrifugeuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la chaudière de sécurité (14) est entourée par une paroi de protection (18) séparée de la chaudière de sécurité (14).
  10. Centrifugeuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des matériaux isolants (40) sont prévus dans le circuit primaire (52), en particulier entre le compresseur (22), le condensateur (24) et l'évaporateur (26).
EP15749746.2A 2014-07-24 2015-07-24 Centrifugeuse Active EP3171982B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014110467.6A DE102014110467A1 (de) 2014-07-24 2014-07-24 Zentrifuge
PCT/EP2015/067015 WO2016012596A1 (fr) 2014-07-24 2015-07-24 Centrifugeuse

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3171982A1 EP3171982A1 (fr) 2017-05-31
EP3171982B1 EP3171982B1 (fr) 2019-03-20
EP3171982B2 true EP3171982B2 (fr) 2022-02-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15749746.2A Active EP3171982B2 (fr) 2014-07-24 2015-07-24 Centrifugeuse

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US10981182B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3171982B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014110467A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016012596A1 (fr)

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DE102014107294B4 (de) * 2014-05-23 2017-02-09 Andreas Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg Zentrifuge
DE102014110467A1 (de) * 2014-07-24 2016-01-28 Andreas Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg Zentrifuge
EP3479903B1 (fr) 2017-11-06 2020-09-16 Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH Centrifugeuse
DE102017130785A1 (de) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Eppendorf Ag Temperierte Zentrifuge
DE102018114450A1 (de) * 2018-06-15 2019-12-19 Eppendorf Ag Temperierte Zentrifuge mit Crashschutz
CN109261381B (zh) * 2018-11-20 2024-01-30 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 一种应用于高速土工离心机的管线敷设结构
DE102021125446A1 (de) * 2021-09-30 2023-03-30 Thermo Electron Led Gmbh Kühlsystem und Laborgerät mit Kühlsystem

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US10981182B2 (en) 2021-04-20
US20170209874A1 (en) 2017-07-27
EP3171982A1 (fr) 2017-05-31
DE102014110467A1 (de) 2016-01-28
EP3171982B1 (fr) 2019-03-20
WO2016012596A1 (fr) 2016-01-28

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