EP3156714B1 - Improvement for a sealed, thermally insulating tank built into a carrier structure - Google Patents

Improvement for a sealed, thermally insulating tank built into a carrier structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3156714B1
EP3156714B1 EP16190487.5A EP16190487A EP3156714B1 EP 3156714 B1 EP3156714 B1 EP 3156714B1 EP 16190487 A EP16190487 A EP 16190487A EP 3156714 B1 EP3156714 B1 EP 3156714B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermal insulating
wall
barrier
damping device
insulating barrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP16190487.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3156714A1 (en
Inventor
Bruno Guelton
Raphaël PRUNIER
Christophe Huon De Kermadec
Bruno Deletre
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Publication of EP3156714A1 publication Critical patent/EP3156714A1/en
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Publication of EP3156714B1 publication Critical patent/EP3156714B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/228—Assembling processes by screws, bolts or rivets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/232—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/011—Improving strength
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/016—Preventing slosh
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement for a sealed and thermally insulating tank integrated in a support structure.
  • a sealed and insulating tank which is integrated into a load-bearing structure, in particular of a ship, and which comprises two successive sealing barriers: one primary, in contact with the product contained in the tank and the other secondary disposed between the primary sealing barrier and the supporting structure. Between these two sealing barriers, on the one hand, and between the secondary sealing barrier, on the other hand, is arranged at least one thermally insulating barrier.
  • the primary sealing barrier is, according to these documents, metallic and the secondary sealing barrier metallic or made of a composite material which may comprise a metallic core.
  • thermally insulating barriers are produced in the form of modules, or panels, juxtaposed, of generally polygonal shape, the thickness of which is determined as a function of the desired insulating power. These modules include a cover and a bottom indistinctly designated by the term "plate”.
  • thermally insulating primary barrier denotes that on which the primary sealing barrier rests, and by the expression thermally insulating secondary barrier that on which the secondary sealing barrier rests.
  • the primary sealing barrier constituted by metal strakes, in particular caused by lapping or, according to English terminology, "sloshing" in particular at the ceiling of the tanks or in the slope area and above them.
  • the primary thermally insulating barrier can also undergo degradation both of the thermal insulating layer and of the rigid plate constituting the support of this thermally insulating primary barrier.
  • One of the aims of the present invention is therefore to provide an improvement for such watertight and thermally insulating tanks integrated in a load-bearing structure such as a ship's hull, which makes it possible to avoid or at least limit damage. of the tank as reported above.
  • An example has already been disclosed in the document KR 2006 0086071 .
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such an improvement which results in as little structural modification as possible.
  • An additional aim of such an improvement is not to significantly increase the cost of such a tank.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such an improvement which makes it possible to improve, at an acceptable cost, the sealed insulating tanks integrated in a support structure.
  • improvement is, according to the present invention, characterized in that it comprises a damping device consisting of a layer of damping material disposed between two walls.
  • the thermal insulation barrier being constituted by a module, which has substantially the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped and comprises a first plate, for example of plywood, surmounted by a first layer thermal insulation, itself surmounted by a sealing barrier, itself fixed to the upper plate of the secondary insulation, on which is disposed a second layer of thermal insulation which itself carries a second plate plywood, on which rests in a known manner the primary sealing barrier constituted by strakes or metal plates, the damping device is located under the primary sealing barrier and is constituted by the second plate which is composed by the two walls between which is placed the layer of damping material.
  • a driving deflection means between the first and the second wall and passing through the layer of damping material.
  • the driving deflection means is inserted into cells respectively formed in the two walls, in the shape of a T, the free ends of the vertical bar of the T facing each other, and an H-bar being arranged in the space thus delimited.
  • the driving deflection means is inserted into cells, respectively formed one in one of the walls and the other in the second layer of thermal insulation, T-shaped, the ends free from the vertical bar of the T facing each other, and an H-bar being placed in the space thus delimited.
  • junctions between the first walls are offset from those of the second.
  • this junction between the first walls is identical to that between the planks of an English parquet.
  • the second wall has a modulus of elasticity that is at least ten percent lower than that of current materials.
  • the two walls have a thickness of between 9 and 21 mm.
  • the two walls are made of fir plywood or a composite material.
  • the first plate is fixed to the wall of the support structure with the interposition of a bead of mastic having a modulus of elasticity at most of 500MPA at a temperature of -25 ° C and of approximately 150MPa at a temperature of 25 ° C.
  • the wall of the double hull of the ship where the tank is installed according to the invention.
  • a ship's hull also has transverse partitions, which cut the hull into compartments, these transverse partitions being also double: in the present description by the term "double wall 1" will be designated both the wall of the double hull and the transverse walls above, which define such a tank.
  • the double walls 1 constitute the support structure of the tank described.
  • the tank is of the type comprising two sealing barriers, one primary 1 0 and the other secondary 5, and at least one thermal insulation barrier constituted by a module, which has substantially the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped and comprises a first plywood plate 3 surmounted by a first layer of thermal insulation 4, itself surmounted by the secondary sealing barrier 5 on which is disposed a second layer of thermal insulation 6 which itself carries a second plywood plate 7, on which rests in a known manner the primary sealing barrier 10.
  • the secondary sealing 5 and primary sealing barriers 10 are constituted by strakes, preferably invar, or metal plates which can be embossed.
  • the assembly comprising the first plate 3 and the first layer of thermal insulator 4 constitutes the module of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2b; the assembly comprising the second plate 7 and the second layer of thermal insulator 6 constitutes the module of the primary thermally insulating barrier 2a.
  • the modules 2a and 2b have substantially the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the module 2a has, seen in plan, a rectangular shape whose sides are parallel to those of the module 2b: seen in plan, the two modules 2a and 2b have the shape of offset rectangles, in order to limit the thermal leaks and to ensure a better distribution of efforts.
  • the plywood constituting the first wall 8 and the second wall 9 has a thickness of between 9 and 21 mm.
  • This second wall 9 has a modulus of elasticity in cold bending of between 10,000 and 13,000 MPA.
  • a plywood according to the present invention is for example a plywood of fir or a composite material.
  • the modulus of elasticity of the second wall 9 is at least ten percent lower than that of the walls of current materials.
  • the damping material 11 disposed between the two walls 8 and 9 above has a thickness of between 2 and 15 mm, and for example 8 mm: this thickness is chosen in such a way that, under the impact stress considered , these are damped, on the one hand, and that the crushing resulting from this damping material does not lead it to ruin, on the other hand.
  • This material may be a felt, a material based on woven or bonded fibers loaded or not with insulating materials such as, for example, an airgel: the assembly thus produced being glued or mechanically assembled.
  • a damping device is arranged under the secondary sealing barrier 5. It consists of two walls 8 'and 9' as described previously between which is interposed a layer 11 of damping material. In this case, one of the walls, that referenced 9 'in this case, rests on the first layer of insulating material 4, and the other wall 8' is surmounted by the secondary sealing barrier 5.
  • junctions between the first walls 8 or 8 ' are offset from those of the second walls 9 or 9' so as to ensure better mechanical continuity of the insulating block.
  • This junction between the first walls 8 or 8 ′ is for example identical to that between the strips of an English parquet floor.
  • first wall 8 and the second wall 9 there is between the first wall 8 and the second wall 9, and therefore passing through the layer of damping material 11, means of driving depression.
  • These include, according to the present embodiment, two cells, 12a and 12b respectively, in the shape of a T connected by the vertical bar of the T and a bar 13 in H being arranged in the space thus delimited.
  • the cell 12b is located, not in the second wall 9, but in the second layer of thermal insulation 6 of the module 2a constituting the primary thermally insulating barrier.
  • the first plate 3 is fixed to the wall 1 of the support structure with the interposition of a bead of mastic 14 having a modulus of elasticity at the maximum of 500 MPa at a temperature of -25 ° C and around 150MPa at a temperature of 25 ° C.
  • the amortization of a tank comprising the improvement according to the present invention is at least three times greater than that according to current structures, this effect being achieved on the transported liquid side.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un perfectionnement pour cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante intégrée dans une structure porteuse.The present invention relates to an improvement for a sealed and thermally insulating tank integrated in a support structure.

D'après les documents FR-2 527 544-A , FR-1 376 525-A , FR-1 379 651-A , FR-2 724 623-A et FR-2 798 902-A , il est connu une cuve étanche et isolante qui est intégrée dans une structure porteuse, notamment de navire, et qui comporte deux barrières d'étanchéité successives : l'une primaire, au contact avec le produit contenu dans la cuve et l'autre secondaire disposée entre la barrière d'étanchéité primaire et la structure porteuse. Entre ces deux barrières d'étanchéité, d'une part, et entre la barrière d'étanchéité secondaire, d'autre part, est disposée au moins une barrière thermiquement isolante. La barrière d'étanchéité primaire est, selon ces documents, métallique et la barrière d'étanchéité secondaire métallique ou en un matériau composite pouvant comporter une âme métallique. Les barrières thermiquement isolantes sont réalisées sous forme de modules, ou panneaux, juxtaposés, de forme générale polygonale, dont l'épaisseur est déterminée en fonction du pouvoir isolant recherché. Ces modules comportent un couvercle et un fond désignés indistinctement par le terme « plaque ». On désigne par l'expression barrière thermiquement isolante primaire celle sur laquelle repose la barrière d'étanchéité primaire, et par l'expression barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire celle sur laquelle repose la barrière d'étanchéité secondaire.According to documents FR-2 527 544-A , FR-1 376 525-A , FR-1 379 651-A , FR-2 724 623-A and FR-2 798 902-A , a sealed and insulating tank is known which is integrated into a load-bearing structure, in particular of a ship, and which comprises two successive sealing barriers: one primary, in contact with the product contained in the tank and the other secondary disposed between the primary sealing barrier and the supporting structure. Between these two sealing barriers, on the one hand, and between the secondary sealing barrier, on the other hand, is arranged at least one thermally insulating barrier. The primary sealing barrier is, according to these documents, metallic and the secondary sealing barrier metallic or made of a composite material which may comprise a metallic core. The thermally insulating barriers are produced in the form of modules, or panels, juxtaposed, of generally polygonal shape, the thickness of which is determined as a function of the desired insulating power. These modules include a cover and a bottom indistinctly designated by the term "plate". The expression thermally insulating primary barrier denotes that on which the primary sealing barrier rests, and by the expression thermally insulating secondary barrier that on which the secondary sealing barrier rests.

A l'usage, il a été constaté une détérioration de la barrière d'étanchéité primaire, constituée par des virures métalliques, notamment provoquée par le clapotement ou, selon la terminologie anglo-saxonne, « sloshing » en particulier au plafond des cuves ou dans la zone de talus et au-dessus de ceux-ci. De plus, la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire peut subir elle aussi des dégradations tant de la couche d'isolant thermique, que de la plaque rigide constituant le support de cette barrière thermiquement isolation primaire.In use, there has been a deterioration of the primary sealing barrier, constituted by metal strakes, in particular caused by lapping or, according to English terminology, "sloshing" in particular at the ceiling of the tanks or in the slope area and above them. In addition, the primary thermally insulating barrier can also undergo degradation both of the thermal insulating layer and of the rigid plate constituting the support of this thermally insulating primary barrier.

Mais, de même, il a été parfois constaté une détérioration de la barrière d'étanchéité secondaire et/ou de la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire.However, in the same way, a deterioration of the secondary sealing barrier and / or of the secondary thermally insulating barrier has sometimes been observed.

Aussi un des buts de la présente invention est-il de fournir un perfectionnement pour de telles cuves étanches et thermiquement isolantes intégrées dans une structure porteuse telle qu'une coque de navire, qui permet d'éviter ou tout au moins de limiter l'endommagement de la cuve comme rapporté ci-dessus. Un exemple a déjà été divulgué dans le document KR 2006 0086071 .One of the aims of the present invention is therefore to provide an improvement for such watertight and thermally insulating tanks integrated in a load-bearing structure such as a ship's hull, which makes it possible to avoid or at least limit damage. of the tank as reported above. An example has already been disclosed in the document KR 2006 0086071 .

Un autre but de l'invention est de fournir un tel perfectionnement qui entraîne aussi peu de modification structurelle que possible.Another object of the invention is to provide such an improvement which results in as little structural modification as possible.

Un but supplémentaire d'un tel perfectionnement est de ne pas augmenter sensiblement le coût d'une telle cuve.An additional aim of such an improvement is not to significantly increase the cost of such a tank.

Un autre but de l'invention est de fournir un tel perfectionnement qui permet d'améliorer, à un coût acceptable, les cuves isolantes étanches intégrées dans une structure porteuse.Another object of the invention is to provide such an improvement which makes it possible to improve, at an acceptable cost, the sealed insulating tanks integrated in a support structure.

Ces buts, ainsi que d'autres qui apparaîtront par la suite, sont atteints par un perfectionnement pour cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante intégrée dans une structure porteuse constituée par une double paroi, laquelle cuve est du genre comportant deux barrières d'étanchéité, l'une primaire et l'autre secondaire, et au moins une barrière d'isolation thermique rendue solidaire de la structure porteuse, dans laquelle est située la barrière d'étanchéité secondaire et sur laquelle repose la barrière d'étanchéité primaire, lequel perfectionnement est, selon la présente invention, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend un dispositif amortissant constitué d'une couche de matériau amortissant disposée entre deux parois.These aims, as well as others which will appear subsequently, are achieved by an improvement for a sealed and thermally insulating tank integrated in a support structure constituted by a double wall, which tank is of the type comprising two sealing barriers, the a primary and the other secondary, and at least one thermal insulation barrier made integral with the support structure, in which the secondary sealing barrier is located and on which the primary sealing barrier rests, which improvement is, according to the present invention, characterized in that it comprises a damping device consisting of a layer of damping material disposed between two walls.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, la barrière d'isolation thermique étant constituée par un module, qui a sensiblement la forme d'un parallélépipède rectangle et comprend une première plaque, par exemple de contreplaqué, surmontée d'une première couche d'isolant thermique, elle-même surmontée d'une barrière d'étanchéité, elle-même fixée à la plaque supérieure de l'isolant secondaire, sur laquelle est disposée une deuxième couche d'isolant thermique qui porte elle-même une deuxième plaque de contreplaqué, sur laquelle repose de façon connue la barrière d'étanchéité primaire constituée par des virures ou des plaque métalliques, le dispositif amortissant est situé sous la barrière d'étanchéité primaire et est constitué par la deuxième plaque qui est composée par les deux parois entre lesquelles est disposée la couche de matériau amortissant.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the thermal insulation barrier being constituted by a module, which has substantially the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped and comprises a first plate, for example of plywood, surmounted by a first layer thermal insulation, itself surmounted by a sealing barrier, itself fixed to the upper plate of the secondary insulation, on which is disposed a second layer of thermal insulation which itself carries a second plate plywood, on which rests in a known manner the primary sealing barrier constituted by strakes or metal plates, the damping device is located under the primary sealing barrier and is constituted by the second plate which is composed by the two walls between which is placed the layer of damping material.

Avantageusement, entre la première et la seconde paroi et traversant la couche de matériau amortissant, est disposé un moyen de débattement d'enfoncement.Advantageously, between the first and the second wall and passing through the layer of damping material, is disposed a driving deflection means.

De préférence, le moyen de débattement d'enfoncement est inséré dans des alvéoles respectivement ménagées dans les deux parois, en forme de T, les extrémités libres de la barre verticale du T se faisant face, et une barre en H étant disposée dans l'espace ainsi délimité.Preferably, the driving deflection means is inserted into cells respectively formed in the two walls, in the shape of a T, the free ends of the vertical bar of the T facing each other, and an H-bar being arranged in the space thus delimited.

Selon une variante de réalisation, le moyen de débattement d'enfoncement est inséré dans des alvéoles, respectivement ménagées l'une dans une des parois et l'autre dans la deuxième couche d'isolant thermique, en forme de T, les extrémités libres de la barre verticale du T se faisant face, et une barre en H étant disposée dans l'espace ainsi délimité.According to an alternative embodiment, the driving deflection means is inserted into cells, respectively formed one in one of the walls and the other in the second layer of thermal insulation, T-shaped, the ends free from the vertical bar of the T facing each other, and an H-bar being placed in the space thus delimited.

Avantageusement, les jonctions entre des premières parois sont décalées par rapport à celles des secondes.Advantageously, the junctions between the first walls are offset from those of the second.

De préférence, cette jonction entre les premières parois est identique à celle entre les lames d'un parquet anglais.Preferably, this junction between the first walls is identical to that between the planks of an English parquet.

Avantageusement, la seconde paroi présente un module d'élasticité inférieur d'au moins dix pour cent par rapport à celui des matériaux actuels.Advantageously, the second wall has a modulus of elasticity that is at least ten percent lower than that of current materials.

De préférence, les deux parois ont une épaisseur comprise entre 9 et 21 mm.Preferably, the two walls have a thickness of between 9 and 21 mm.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention, les deux parois sont en contreplaqué de sapin ou en un matériau composite.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two walls are made of fir plywood or a composite material.

Avantageusement, la première plaque est fixée sur la paroi de la structure porteuse avec interposition d'un cordon de mastic ayant un module d'élasticité au maximum de 500MPA à une température de -25°C et d'environ 150MPa à une température de 25°C.Advantageously, the first plate is fixed to the wall of the support structure with the interposition of a bead of mastic having a modulus of elasticity at most of 500MPA at a temperature of -25 ° C and of approximately 150MPa at a temperature of 25 ° C.

La description qui va suivre et qui ne présente aucun caractère limitatif, doit être lue en regard des figures annexées parmi lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 représente, en coupe, perpendiculairement à la paroi d'une structure porteuse constituée par la double coque ou la double paroi transversale d'un navire, et dans une position éclatée figurant schématiquement le montage des différents éléments d'une cuve, selon l'art antérieur, dans une zone de la cuve non voisine d'un angle de la cuve ;
  • la figure 2 représente, en coupe, perpendiculairement à la paroi d'une structure porteuse constituée par la double coque ou la double paroi transversale d'un navire, et dans une position éclatée figurant schématiquement le montage des différents éléments d'une cuve selon un premier mode de réalisation de la présente invention, dans une zone de la cuve non voisine d'un angle de la cuve ;
  • la figure 3 représente une variante de réalisation de la présente invention selon la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 4 représente un dispositif utile à la compréhension de la présente invention, mais ne faisant pas partie de l'invention.
The description which follows and which does not have any limiting character, should be read with reference to the appended figures among which:
  • the figure 1 represents, in section, perpendicular to the wall of a support structure constituted by the double hull or the transverse double wall of a ship, and in an exploded position schematically depicting the mounting of the various elements of a tank, according to art anterior, in an area of the tank not adjacent to a corner of the tank;
  • the figure 2 represents, in section, perpendicular to the wall of a supporting structure constituted by the double hull or the transverse double wall of a ship, and in an exploded position schematically depicting the mounting of the various elements of a tank according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in a zone of the tank not adjacent to a corner of the tank;
  • the figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the present invention according to the figure 2 ;
  • the figure 4 represents a device useful for understanding the present invention, but not forming part of the invention.

Les éléments identiques dans les figures sont désignés par les mêmes références.Identical elements in the figures are designated by the same references.

En se référant notamment à la figure 1, on désigne par la référence 1, la paroi de la double coque du navire, où est installée la cuve selon l'invention. On sait qu'une coque de navire comporte aussi des cloisons transversales, qui découpent la coque en compartiments, ces cloisons transversales étant également doubles : dans la présente description par le terme « paroi double 1 » sera désignée aussi bien la paroi de la double coque que les parois transversales ci-dessus, qui délimitent une telle cuve. Les parois doubles 1 constituent la structure porteuse de la cuve décrite. La cuve est du genre comportant deux barrières d'étanchéité, l'une primaire 1 0 et l'autre secondaire 5, et au moins une barrière d'isolation thermique constituée par un module, qui a sensiblement la forme d'un parallélépipède rectangle et comprend une première plaque 3 de contreplaqué surmontée d'une première couche d'isolant thermique 4, elle-même surmontée de la barrière d'étanchéité secondaire 5 sur laquelle est disposée une deuxième couche d'isolant thermique 6 qui porte elle-même une deuxième plaque de contreplaqué 7, sur laquelle repose de façon connue la barrière d'étanchéité primaire 10. Les barrières d'étanchéité secondaire 5 et primaire 10 sont constituées par des virures, de préférence en invar, ou des plaques métalliques qui peuvent être gaufrées. L'ensemble comprenant la première plaque 3 et la première couche d'isolant thermique 4 constitue le module de la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 2b ; l'ensemble comprenant la deuxième plaque 7 et la deuxième couche d'isolant thermique 6 constitue le module de la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 2a.With particular reference to the figure 1 , denoted by reference 1, the wall of the double hull of the ship, where the tank is installed according to the invention. We know that a ship's hull also has transverse partitions, which cut the hull into compartments, these transverse partitions being also double: in the present description by the term "double wall 1" will be designated both the wall of the double hull and the transverse walls above, which define such a tank. The double walls 1 constitute the support structure of the tank described. The tank is of the type comprising two sealing barriers, one primary 1 0 and the other secondary 5, and at least one thermal insulation barrier constituted by a module, which has substantially the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped and comprises a first plywood plate 3 surmounted by a first layer of thermal insulation 4, itself surmounted by the secondary sealing barrier 5 on which is disposed a second layer of thermal insulation 6 which itself carries a second plywood plate 7, on which rests in a known manner the primary sealing barrier 10. The secondary sealing 5 and primary sealing barriers 10 are constituted by strakes, preferably invar, or metal plates which can be embossed. The assembly comprising the first plate 3 and the first layer of thermal insulator 4 constitutes the module of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2b; the assembly comprising the second plate 7 and the second layer of thermal insulator 6 constitutes the module of the primary thermally insulating barrier 2a.

Ainsi que l'aura compris l'homme du métier, les modules 2a et 2b ont sensiblement la forme de parallélépipède rectangle. Le module 2a a, vu en plan, une forme rectangulaire dont les côtés sont parallèles à ceux du module 2b : vu en plan, les deux modules 2a et 2b ont la forme de rectangles décalés, afin de limiter les fuites thermiques et d'assurer une meilleure répartition des efforts.As those skilled in the art will have understood, the modules 2a and 2b have substantially the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. The module 2a has, seen in plan, a rectangular shape whose sides are parallel to those of the module 2b: seen in plan, the two modules 2a and 2b have the shape of offset rectangles, in order to limit the thermal leaks and to ensure a better distribution of efforts.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation de la présente invention telle que représentée aux figures 2 et 3, le dispositif amortissant est disposé sous la barrière d'étanchéité primaire 10 et est constitué par la deuxième plaque 7, sur laquelle repose la barrière d'étanchéité primaire 10, elle-même constituée par un ensemble sandwich qui comprend :

  • une première paroi 8 réalisée en un contreplaqué et/ou en un matériau composite et supportant la barrière d'étanchéité primaire;
  • une couche 11 d'un matériau amortissant ; et,
  • une seconde paroi 9 réalisée en un contreplaqué disposée au-dessus de la couche d'isolant thermique 6.
According to a first embodiment of the present invention as shown in figures 2 and 3 , the damping device is disposed under the primary sealing barrier 10 and is constituted by the second plate 7, on which the primary sealing barrier 10 rests, itself constituted by a sandwich assembly which comprises:
  • a first wall 8 made of plywood and / or a composite material and supporting the primary sealing barrier;
  • a layer 11 of a damping material; and,
  • a second wall 9 made of a plywood disposed above the layer of thermal insulation 6.

Le contreplaqué constituant la première paroi 8 et la seconde paroi 9 a une épaisseur comprise entre 9 et 21 mm. Cette seconde paroi 9 présente un module d'élasticité en flexion à froid compris entre 10 000 et 13 000 MPA. Un contreplaqué conforme à la présente invention est par exemple un contreplaqué de sapin ou en un matériau composite. Le module d'élasticité de la seconde paroi 9 est d'au moins dix pour cent inférieur à celui des parois en matériaux actuels.The plywood constituting the first wall 8 and the second wall 9 has a thickness of between 9 and 21 mm. This second wall 9 has a modulus of elasticity in cold bending of between 10,000 and 13,000 MPA. A plywood according to the present invention is for example a plywood of fir or a composite material. The modulus of elasticity of the second wall 9 is at least ten percent lower than that of the walls of current materials.

Quant au matériau amortissant 11 disposé entre les deux parois 8 et 9 ci-dessus, il a une épaisseur comprise entre 2 et 15 mm, et par exemple de 8 mm : cette épaisseur est choisie de telle manière que, sous la sollicitation aux chocs considérés, ceux-ci soient amortis, d'une part, et que l'écrasement résultant de ce matériau amortissant ne mène pas celui-ci à la ruine, d'autre part. Ce matériau peut être un feutre, un matériau à base de fibres tissées ou liées chargé ou non de matériaux isolants tels que, par exemple, un aérogel : l'ensemble ainsi réalisé étant collé ou mécaniquement assemblé.As for the damping material 11 disposed between the two walls 8 and 9 above, it has a thickness of between 2 and 15 mm, and for example 8 mm: this thickness is chosen in such a way that, under the impact stress considered , these are damped, on the one hand, and that the crushing resulting from this damping material does not lead it to ruin, on the other hand. This material may be a felt, a material based on woven or bonded fibers loaded or not with insulating materials such as, for example, an airgel: the assembly thus produced being glued or mechanically assembled.

Selon un exemple utile à la compréhension de la présente invention, mais ne faisant pas partie de l'invention, un dispositif amortissant est disposé sous la barrière d'étanchéité secondaire 5. Il est constitué de deux parois 8' et 9' telles que décrites précédemment entre lesquelles est interposée une couche 11 de matériau amortissant. Dans ce cas, une des parois, celle référencée 9' en l'occurrence, repose sur la première couche de matériau isolant 4, et l'autre paroi 8' est surmontée par la barrière d'étanchéité secondaire 5.According to an example useful for understanding the present invention, but not forming part of the invention, a damping device is arranged under the secondary sealing barrier 5. It consists of two walls 8 'and 9' as described previously between which is interposed a layer 11 of damping material. In this case, one of the walls, that referenced 9 'in this case, rests on the first layer of insulating material 4, and the other wall 8' is surmounted by the secondary sealing barrier 5.

Les jonctions entre les premières parois 8 ou 8' sont décalées par rapport à celles des secondes parois 9 ou 9' de façon à assurer une meilleure continuité mécanique du massif isolant. Cette jonction entre les premières parois 8 ou 8' est par exemple identique à celle entre les lames d'un parquet anglais.The junctions between the first walls 8 or 8 'are offset from those of the second walls 9 or 9' so as to ensure better mechanical continuity of the insulating block. This junction between the first walls 8 or 8 ′ is for example identical to that between the strips of an English parquet floor.

Selon une variante de réalisation de la présente invention, on dispose entre la première paroi 8 et la seconde paroi 9, et traversant donc la couche de matériau amortissant 11, de moyens de débattement d'enfoncement. Ceux-ci comprennent, selon le présent exemple de réalisation, deux alvéoles, 12a et 12b respectivement, en forme de T reliées par la barre verticale du T et une barre 13 en H étant disposée dans l'espace ainsi délimité.According to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, there is between the first wall 8 and the second wall 9, and therefore passing through the layer of damping material 11, means of driving depression. These include, according to the present embodiment, two cells, 12a and 12b respectively, in the shape of a T connected by the vertical bar of the T and a bar 13 in H being arranged in the space thus delimited.

Selon une variante de réalisation représentée à la figure 3, l'alvéole 12b est située, non dans la seconde paroi 9, mais dans la deuxième couche d'isolant thermique 6 du module 2a constituant la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire.According to an alternative embodiment shown in the figure 3 , the cell 12b is located, not in the second wall 9, but in the second layer of thermal insulation 6 of the module 2a constituting the primary thermally insulating barrier.

II peut en être de même lorsque le dispositif amortisseur est situé sous la barrière d'étanchéité secondaire 5.It can be the same when the damping device is located under the secondary sealing barrier 5.

Afin d'améliorer encore l'amortissement des chocs, la première plaque 3 est fixée sur la paroi 1 de la structure porteuse avec interposition d'un cordon de mastic 14 ayant un module d'élasticité au maximum de 500MPa à une température de -25°C et d'environ 150MPa à une température de 25°C.In order to further improve shock absorption, the first plate 3 is fixed to the wall 1 of the support structure with the interposition of a bead of mastic 14 having a modulus of elasticity at the maximum of 500 MPa at a temperature of -25 ° C and around 150MPa at a temperature of 25 ° C.

L'amortissement d'une cuve comportant le perfectionnement selon la présente invention est au moins trois fois supérieur à celui selon les structures actuelles, cet effet étant réalisé côté liquide transporté.The amortization of a tank comprising the improvement according to the present invention is at least three times greater than that according to current structures, this effect being achieved on the transported liquid side.

Claims (9)

  1. A sealed and thermal insulating tank integrated into a bearing structure (1), the bearing structure consisting of a double wall, the tank comprising:
    a thermal insulating barrier made integral with the bearing structure (1),
    a secondary sealing barrier (5) located in the thermal insulating barrier,
    and a primary sealing barrier (10) standing on the thermal insulating barrier,
    wherein the thermal insulating barrier comprises a secondary thermal insulating barrier on top of which is the secondary sealing barrier (5) and a primary thermal insulating barrier arranged on the secondary sealing barrier, the secondary sealing barrier (5) being comprised of ferrules or metal plates, the primary sealing barrier (10) being comprised of ferrules or metal plates resting on the primary thermal insulating barrier,
    each of the primary thermal insulating barrier and secondary thermal insulating barrier being built as modules arranged in juxtaposition, a module of the secondary thermal insulating barrier being a rectangular parallelepiped in shape and comprising a first panel of plywood (3) on top of which is a first coat of thermal insulation (4), a module of the primary thermal insulating barrier being a rectangular parallelepiped in shape,
    wherein the module of the primary thermal insulating barrier comprises a second coat of thermal insulation (6) and a damping device (7), wherein the second coat of thermal insulation (6) bears the damping device consisting of a sandwich structure on which the primary sealing barrier (10) stands,
    the sandwich structure comprising a first wall (8) consisting of plywood or a composite material, a second wall (9) consisting of plywood, characterized in that the sandwich structure further comprises a layer of damping material (11) arranged between the first wall and the second wall, wherein the layer of damping material (11) is made of felt or a material based on woven fibers or bonded fibers.
  2. A tank according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the layer of damping material (11) is between 2 and 15 mm thick.
  3. A tank according to anyone of claims 1 to 2, characterized by the fact that a depression deflecting means is arranged between the first wall (8,8') and the second wall (9,9') of the damping device and passes through the layer of damping material (11, 11') of the damping device.
  4. A tank according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the depression deflecting means comprises:
    holes (12a, 12b) arranged respectively in the first and second walls (8,8' ; 9,9') of the damping device, each hole forming a Tee, wherein the free ends of the vertical bar of the Tee face one another, and
    an H-shaped bar (13) arranged in the space thus formed and inserted into the holes.
  5. A sealed and thermal insulating tank according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the depression deflecting means comprises:
    holes (12a, 12b) arranged respectively in the first wall (8,8') of the damping device and
    in the second coat of thermal insulation (6), each hole forming a Tee, wherein the free ends of the vertical bar of the Tee face one another, and
    an H-shaped bar (13) arranged in the space thus formed and inserted into the holes.
  6. A sealed and thermal insulating tank according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the junctions between the first walls (8,8') of the damping device are offset with respect to those of the second walls (9,9') of the damping device.
  7. A sealed and thermal insulating tank according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that the first and second walls (8,8', 9,9') of the damping device have a thickness included between 9 and 21 mm.
  8. A sealed and thermal insulating tank according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the first and second walls (8,8', 9,9') of the damping device are of fir plywood or of a composite material.
  9. A sealed and thermal insulating tank according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the first panel (3) is attached to the double wall of the bearing structure with an interposed cord of mastic (14) having an elasticity modulus of at most 500MPA at a temperature of -25°C and approximately 150MPa at a temperature of 25°C.
EP16190487.5A 2009-04-03 2010-04-02 Improvement for a sealed, thermally insulating tank built into a carrier structure Active EP3156714B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0901636A FR2944087B1 (en) 2009-04-03 2009-04-03 IMPROVEMENT FOR A WATERPROOF AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK INTEGRATED IN A CARRIER STRUCTURE
PCT/FR2010/000283 WO2010112715A1 (en) 2009-04-03 2010-04-02 Improvement for leaktight and thermally insulating tank integrated into a carrier structure
EP10714908A EP2414723A1 (en) 2009-04-03 2010-04-02 Improvement for leaktight and thermally insulating tank integrated into a carrier structure

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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EP3156714A1 EP3156714A1 (en) 2017-04-19
EP3156714B1 true EP3156714B1 (en) 2020-03-25

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EP10714908A Ceased EP2414723A1 (en) 2009-04-03 2010-04-02 Improvement for leaktight and thermally insulating tank integrated into a carrier structure
EP14155237.2A Withdrawn EP2733410A3 (en) 2009-04-03 2010-04-02 LNG tank with insulation panels.
EP16190487.5A Active EP3156714B1 (en) 2009-04-03 2010-04-02 Improvement for a sealed, thermally insulating tank built into a carrier structure

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EP14155237.2A Withdrawn EP2733410A3 (en) 2009-04-03 2010-04-02 LNG tank with insulation panels.

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EP (3) EP2414723A1 (en)
JP (1) JP5226152B2 (en)
KR (3) KR20120004509A (en)
CN (3) CN102388258B (en)
AU (1) AU2010231273B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI1015110B1 (en)
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FR (1) FR2944087B1 (en)
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EP2733410A2 (en) 2014-05-21
CN103770905A (en) 2014-05-07
FR2944087A1 (en) 2010-10-08
KR20140034943A (en) 2014-03-20
CN107035961B (en) 2020-09-29
PH12014502160B1 (en) 2016-09-26
CN107035961A (en) 2017-08-11
CN102388258A (en) 2012-03-21
FR2944087B1 (en) 2011-04-08
ES2789373T3 (en) 2020-10-26
CN103770905B (en) 2017-03-01
SG175059A1 (en) 2011-11-28
KR20160027248A (en) 2016-03-09
EP2414723A1 (en) 2012-02-08
MY172263A (en) 2019-11-20
WO2010112715A1 (en) 2010-10-07
KR20120004509A (en) 2012-01-12
JP2012522944A (en) 2012-09-27
EP3156714A1 (en) 2017-04-19
RU2011144258A (en) 2013-05-10
CN102388258B (en) 2020-06-12
BRPI1015110A2 (en) 2016-04-12
MY174989A (en) 2020-05-31
EP2733410A3 (en) 2018-03-14
AU2010231273A1 (en) 2011-10-27
BRPI1015110B1 (en) 2020-08-25
JP5226152B2 (en) 2013-07-03
AU2010231273B2 (en) 2013-11-14
KR102062837B1 (en) 2020-01-06
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SG2014012793A (en) 2014-06-27
PH12014502160A1 (en) 2016-09-26

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