WO2019110894A1 - Thermally insulating sealed tank - Google Patents

Thermally insulating sealed tank Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019110894A1
WO2019110894A1 PCT/FR2018/053064 FR2018053064W WO2019110894A1 WO 2019110894 A1 WO2019110894 A1 WO 2019110894A1 FR 2018053064 W FR2018053064 W FR 2018053064W WO 2019110894 A1 WO2019110894 A1 WO 2019110894A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
insulating
insulating panels
tank
supporting structure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2018/053064
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Antoine PHILIPPE
Sébastien DELANOE
Original Assignee
Gaztransport Et Technigaz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gaztransport Et Technigaz filed Critical Gaztransport Et Technigaz
Priority to KR1020207019246A priority Critical patent/KR102512422B1/en
Priority to CN201880078331.3A priority patent/CN111433509B/en
Publication of WO2019110894A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019110894A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks, with membranes, for storing and / or transporting fluid, such as a liquefied gas.
  • Watertight and thermally insulating membrane tanks are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored at atmospheric pressure at about -163 ° C. These tanks can be installed on the ground or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas or to receive liquefied natural gas used as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the document WO2014096600 discloses a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing liquefied natural gas arranged in a supporting structure and whose walls have a multilayer structure, namely from the outside to the inside of the tank, an insulated secondary thermal-insulating barrier. against the supporting structure, a secondary waterproofing membrane which is supported by the secondary heat-insulating barrier, a primary heat-insulating barrier which is supported by the secondary waterproofing membrane and a primary waterproofing membrane which is supported by the thermal barrier primary insulation and which is intended to be in contact with the liquefied natural gas stored in the tank.
  • Each thermal insulation barrier comprises a set of insulating panels, respectively primary and secondary, of parallelepiped general shape which are juxtaposed and which thus form a support surface for a respective waterproofing membrane.
  • the insulating panels are anchored to the supporting structure by means of anchoring devices which are attached to the supporting structure and which are positioned at the corners of the primary and secondary insulation boards.
  • Each anchoring device thus cooperates with the corners of four adjacent secondary insulating panels and with the corners of four adjacent primary insulating panels to hold them against the supporting structure.
  • Secondary insulating panels may be deformed.
  • the secondary insulating panels are subjected to thermal gradients which, because of the differential contraction phenomena, are likely to cause their flexion.
  • the deformation of the carrier structure causes deformations secondary insulating panels. This is particularly the case when the carrier structure is formed by the inner shell and that it defines ballast compartments. Indeed, in these circumstances, the movements of the ballast liquid in the ballast compartments are likely to cause significant deformation of the carrier structure.
  • An idea underlying the invention is to limit the level of stresses that can be generated in the components of a tank wall at the corners of the secondary insulating panels.
  • An idea underlying the invention is to provide a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid comprising a vessel wall having successively in a thickness direction of the vessel wall, from the outside towards the inside the tank, a thermally insulating barrier is anchored to a supporting structure and a sealing membrane which rests against the thermally insulating barrier,
  • thermally insulating barrier comprises parallelepiped-shaped insulating panels which are juxtaposed to the carrier structure and which each have a cover plate defining a support surface for the sealing membrane;
  • anchoring devices are attached to the carrier structure between the insulating panels and cooperate with said insulating panels to retain them against the supporting structure;
  • anchoring devices comprises:
  • a support plate which is mounted on the rod and which is supported in the direction of the supporting structure against a bearing zone of each of the adjacent insulating panels so as to retain them to the supporting structure;
  • a force distribution plate which is attached to the support plate and which is arranged in the corner area of each of the adjacent insulating panels between the cover plate of said insulating panel and the sealing membrane.
  • the force distribution plate has the effect of distributing the stresses likely to be exerted on the waterproofing membrane or on any other component of the tank wall, such as plywood or insulating polymer foam, for example , to the right of the corner areas of the insulating panels, which limits the level of said constraints and thus to prevent damage to the components of the tank wall.
  • such a tank may have one or more of the following characteristics.
  • the force distribution plate is fixed directly or indirectly to the support plate
  • the force distribution plate is disposed in the corner zone of at least two of the insulating panels.
  • the rod is attached to the carrier structure between at least four adjacent corner regions of four adjacent insulating panels and the force distribution plate is disposed in the corner area of each of the four adjacent insulating panels.
  • the force distribution plate rests against the cover plate of each of the four adjacent insulating panels.
  • the insulating panels comprise a counterbore and the force distribution plate is housed in one of the counterbores of each of the adjacent insulating panels. This helps to ensure the flatness of the support surface of the waterproofing membrane.
  • the force distribution plate is flush with the support surface defined by the cover plate.
  • the counterbore is made in the corner area.
  • the force distribution plate has a rectangular shape and preferably square.
  • the force distribution plate has a thickness of between 1 and 7 mm, and preferably between 2 and 4 mm.
  • the force distribution plate is made of a material chosen from stainless steel, iron and nickel alloys whose expansion coefficient is between 1, 2.10 6 and 2.10 6 K 1 and the Iron and manganese alloys having an expansion coefficient of less than 2.10 5 K -1 .
  • the anchoring device comprises a nut which cooperates with a threaded end of the rod and one or more elastic washers slipped on the rod between the nut and the support plate so as to exert an elastic force placing said support plate against the bearing zone of each of the four adjacent insulating panels. This ensures elastic anchoring of the insulating panels on the supporting structure.
  • the elastic washers are Belleville washers.
  • the insulating panels comprise at their corner regions, a recess formed at the right of the support zone, each support plate being received in the recess of each of the adjacent insulating panels.
  • At least one of the insulating panels comprises a base plate resting against the supporting structure, an intermediate plate disposed between the bottom plate and the cover plate, a first layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between the bottom plate and the intermediate plate and a second layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between the intermediate plate and the cover plate.
  • the recesses are formed in the second layer of insulating polymer foam so that the intermediate plate protrudes with respect to the second layer of insulating polymer foam and thus provides one of the support zones.
  • the first layer of insulating polymer foam has, in each of the corner regions of the insulating panel, a cutout housing a pillar which extends between the bottom plate and the intermediate plate. This limits crushing and creep of the foam.
  • At least one of the insulating panels comprises a bottom plate, a cover plate and carrying webs extending, in the thickness direction of the vessel wall, between the bottom plate and the cover plate and delimiting a plurality of compartments filled with an insulating liner, such as perlite.
  • the thermally insulating barrier is a secondary thermal insulating barrier
  • the insulating panels are secondary insulating panels
  • the sealing membrane is a secondary waterproofing membrane
  • the support plate is a support plate secondary
  • the vessel wall further comprising a primary thermally insulating barrier resting against the secondary sealing membrane and a sealing membrane primary which rests against the primary thermally insulating barrier and is intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the tank
  • the primary thermally insulating barrier comprising primary insulating panels which are each superimposed on one of the secondary insulating panels
  • the anchoring device further comprising:
  • a primary support plate which is mounted on the stud and which is supported in the direction of the supporting structure against a bearing zone of each of the four adjacent primary insulating panels so as to retain them towards the supporting structure.
  • the anchoring device comprises an upper plate which is fixed to the secondary support plate and is arranged between the secondary support plate and the force distribution plate; the stud being attached to the upper plate and passing through a bore in the force distribution plate.
  • the force distribution plate completely covers the upper plate.
  • the upper plate comprises two faces orthogonal to the thickness direction of the vessel wall which are connected to each other by faces extending parallel to the thickness direction of the wall. tank; said faces extending parallel to the thickness direction of the vessel wall being connected to each other by fillets.
  • the anchoring device comprises a spacer which is fixed to the secondary support plate and is arranged between the secondary support plate and the upper plate.
  • the spacer is advantageously made of wood or plastic, which limits the thermal bridge to the carrier structure at the anchor device.
  • the spacer has an inverted U shape so as to define between the two branches of the U a central housing, the central housing receiving an upper end of the rod, the nut and optionally the elastic washer (s). .
  • the upper plate completely covers the spacer.
  • the spacer has chamfers.
  • the anchoring device comprises a socket which is welded to the supporting structure and a nut which is housed in the socket, the anchor rod having a threaded lower end cooperating with the nut.
  • the fluid is a liquefied gas, such as liquefied natural gas.
  • Such a tank can be part of a land storage facility, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deep water, including a LNG tank, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) , a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
  • FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
  • FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
  • a vessel for the transport of a cryogenic fluid comprises a double shell and a said tank disposed in the double hull.
  • the double shell comprises an inner shell forming the carrying structure of the vessel.
  • the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or land storage facility to or from the tank of the vessel. ship.
  • the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the abovementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged to connect the vessel installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or ground storage facility. and a pump for driving a fluid to through isolated pipelines to or from the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel's vessel.
  • FIG. 1 is a cutaway perspective view of a vessel wall.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an anchoring device cooperating with primary insulating panels and secondary insulating panels to retain them against the supporting structure.
  • FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the anchoring device of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the anchoring device of FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a secondary insulating panel.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a primary insulating panel.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded view of an anchoring device according to an alternative embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cutaway representation of a tank of LNG tanker and a loading / unloading terminal of this tank.
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional representation of an element of an anchoring device according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown the multilayer structure of a wall 1 of a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a liquefied fluid, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG).
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • Each wall 1 of the tank comprises successively, in the direction of the thickness, from the outside to the inside of the tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 retained to a bearing structure 3, a secondary sealing membrane 4 resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, a primary thermally insulating barrier 5 resting against the secondary sealing membrane 4 and a primary sealing membrane 6 intended to be in contact with the liquefied natural gas contained in the tank.
  • the supporting structure 3 can in particular be formed by the hull or the double hull of a ship.
  • the supporting structure 3 comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank, usually a polyhedral shape.
  • the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 comprises a plurality of secondary insulating panels 7 which are anchored on the support structure 3 by means of anchoring devices 8 which will be described in detail below.
  • the secondary insulating panels 7 have a parallelepipedal general shape and are arranged in parallel rows.
  • the secondary insulating panel 7 here comprises three plates, namely a bottom plate 8, an intermediate plate 9 and a cover plate 10.
  • the bottom plates 8, intermediate 9 and cover 10 are for example made of plywood.
  • first insulating polymer foam layer 11 sandwiched between the bottom plate 8 and the intermediate plate 9 and a second layer of insulating polymer foam 12 sandwiched between the intermediate plate 9 and the cover plate 10.
  • the first and second layers of insulating polymer foam 11, 12 are respectively bonded to the bottom plates
  • the insulating polymer foam may in particular be a polyurethane-based foam, optionally reinforced with fibers.
  • the first layer of insulating polymer foam 11 has, in the corner areas, cut-outs for passing corner pillars 13.
  • the corner pillars 13 extend, at the four corner regions of the secondary insulation board 7, between the bottom plate 8 and the intermediate plate 9.
  • the corner pillars 13 are fixed, for example by means of staples or screws or glued, on the bottom plate 8 and the intermediate plate 9.
  • the corner pillars 13 are, for example, plywood or plastic.
  • the corner pillars 13 make it possible to take up part of the compressive load in use and to limit crushing and creep of the foam.
  • corner pillars 13 have a coefficient of thermal contraction different from that of the first layer of insulating polymer foam 1 1. Also, during the cold setting of the tank, the deflection of the secondary insulating panel 7 is lower at corner pillars 13 only in other areas. This further increases the effects of unevenness or walking in the corner areas of the secondary insulation panels 7.
  • the secondary insulating panel 7 has recesses 14, 54 at its corner areas to receive anchoring devices 8 which will be detailed later.
  • the secondary insulating panel 7 comprises, from the bottom plate 8 to the intermediate plate 9, a first recess 14 intended to allow the passage of a rod 15 of the anchoring device 8.
  • the secondary insulating panel 7 has a second recess 54.
  • the second recess 54 has dimensions greater than those of the first recess 14 so that the intermediate plate 9 overflows with respect to the second insulating polymer foam layer 12 and the cover 10.
  • the intermediate plate 9 forms at the corner areas of the secondary insulating panel 7 a bearing zone 16 intended to cooperate with a secondary support plate 17 of the anchoring device 8.
  • the cover plate 10 has a counterbore 18 at these four corner regions.
  • Each countersink 18 is intended to receive a distribution plate of the forces 19 of the anchoring device 8, described below.
  • the counterbores 18 have a thickness substantially similar to that of the force distribution plate 19 so that the force distribution plate 19 is flush with the surface.
  • the cover plate 10 also has grooves 20 for receiving weld supports.
  • the structure of the secondary insulating panel 7 is described above by way of example. Also, in another embodiment, the secondary insulating panels 7 are likely to have another general structure, for example that described in WO2012 / 127141.
  • the secondary insulating panels 7 are then made in the form of a box comprising a bottom plate, a cover plate and carrying webs extending, in the thickness direction of the wall 1 of the tank, between the bottom plate and the cover plate and defining a plurality of compartments filled with an insulating gasket, such as perlite, glass wool or rock.
  • the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 comprises secondary insulating panels 7 having at least two different types of structure, for example the two aforementioned structures, depending on their area of implantation in the tank.
  • the adjacent secondary insulating panels 7 are likely to exhibit different behavior when they are subjected to thermal gradients, which is likely to amplify the phenomena of difference in level between the adjacent corners.
  • the secondary sealing membrane 4 comprises a continuous sheet of strakes 21, metal, raised edge.
  • the strakes 21 are welded by their raised edges on parallel welding supports which are fixed in the grooves 20 formed on the cover plates 10 of the secondary insulating panels 7.
  • the strakes 21 are, for example, made of Invar ®: c ' that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel whose coefficient of expansion is typically between 1, 2.10 6 and 2.10 6 K 1 .
  • the primary thermally insulating barrier 5 comprises a plurality of primary insulating panels 22 which are anchored to the supporting structure 3 by means of the aforementioned anchoring devices 8.
  • the primary insulating panels 22 have a parallelepipedal general shape. In addition, they have dimensions identical to those of the primary insulating panels 22 with the exception of their thickness in the direction of thickness of the wall 1 of tank which is likely to be different, and especially weaker.
  • Each of the primary insulating panels 22 is positioned in line with one of the secondary insulating panels 7, in alignment with the latter in the direction of thickness of the wall 1 of the tank.
  • the primary insulating panel 22 has a multilayer structure similar to that of the secondary insulating panel 7 of FIG. 5. Also, the primary insulating panel 22 successively comprises a base plate 23, a first insulating polymer foam layer 24, an intermediate plate 25 , a second layer of insulating polymer foam 26 and a cover plate 27.
  • the insulating polymer foam may in particular be a polyurethane foam, optionally reinforced with fibers.
  • the primary insulating panel 22 has recesses 28 at its corner area so that the bottom plate 23 overflows with respect to the first layer of insulating polymer foam 24, the intermediate plate 25, the second layer of insulating polymer foam 26 and cover plate 27.
  • the bottom plate 23 forms at the corner areas of the primary insulating panel 22 a bearing zone 29 intended to cooperate with a primary bearing plate 30 of the device anchoring 8.
  • a wedge can be added to the bottom plate 23, said wedge having a shape similar to that of the bearing zone 29 and being intended to cooperate with a primary bearing plate 30 of the anchoring device 8
  • the bottom plate 23 has grooves 31 for receiving the raised edges of the strakes 21 of the secondary sealing membrane 4.
  • the cover plate 27 also has grooves 32 for receiving weld supports.
  • the structure of the primary insulating panel 22 is described above as an example. Also, in another embodiment, the primary insulating panels 22 are likely to have another general structure, for example that described in WO2012 / 127141.
  • the primary thermally insulating barrier 5 comprises primary insulating panels 22 having at least two types of different structure, for example the two aforementioned structures, depending on their area of implantation in the tank.
  • the primary waterproofing membrane 6 comprises a continuous sheet of metal strakes 33 with raised edges.
  • the strakes 33 are welded by their raised edges to parallel welding supports which are fixed in the grooves provided on the cover plates 27 of the primary insulating panels 22.
  • each anchoring device 8 is positioned at the four corners of the primary and secondary insulating panels 22 and 7.
  • Each stack of a secondary insulating panel 7 and a primary insulating panel 22 is anchored to the carrier structure 3 by means of four anchoring devices 8.
  • each anchoring device 8 cooperates with the corners of four adjacent secondary insulating panels 7 and with the corners of four adjacent insulating panels 22.
  • an anchoring device 8 In relation to FIGS. 2 to 4, the structure of an anchoring device 8 according to a first embodiment is observed.
  • the anchoring device 8 comprises a bushing 34 whose base is welded to the supporting structure 3 in a position corresponding to a clearance at the corner zones of four adjacent secondary insulating panels 7.
  • the sleeve 34 houses a nut 35, shown in Figure 4, in which is screwed the lower end of a rod 15.
  • the rod 15 passes between the adjacent primary insulating panels 22.
  • the rod 15 passes through a bore formed in an insulating plug 36 intended to ensure a continuity of the secondary thermal insulation at the anchoring device 8.
  • the insulating plug 36 has, in a plane orthogonal to the direction of the thickness of the tank wall 1, a cross-shaped section which is defined by four branches. Each of the four branches is inserted in a gap formed between two of the four adjacent secondary insulating panels 7.
  • the anchoring device 8 further comprises a secondary support plate 17 which bears in the direction of the supporting structure 3 against the bearing zone 16 formed in each of the four adjacent secondary insulating panels 7 in order to to retain them against the supporting structure 3.
  • the secondary support plate 17 is housed in the second recess 54 formed in the second layer of insulating polymer foam 12 of each of the secondary insulating panels 7 and is supported against an area of the intermediate plate 9 which forms the bearing zone.
  • a nut 37 cooperates with a thread formed at the upper end of the rod 15 so as to ensure retention of the secondary support plate 17 on the rod 15.
  • the anchoring device 8 further comprises one or more elastic washers 38, Belleville type.
  • the spring washers 38 are threaded onto the rod 15 between the nut 37 and the secondary support plate 17, which makes it possible to ensure elastic anchoring of the secondary insulating panels 7 on the supporting structure 3.
  • a locking member 39 is welded locally to the upper end of the rod 15, so as to fix the nut 37 in position on the rod 15.
  • the anchoring device 8 further comprises a force distribution plate 19, an upper plate 40 and a spacer 41 which are fixed to the secondary support plate 17.
  • the force distribution plate 19 is housed in each of the countersinks 18 formed in the cover plates 10 of the four adjacent secondary insulating panels 7.
  • the force distribution plate 19 is thus positioned between the cover plates 10 of each of the four secondary insulating panels and the secondary sealing membrane 4.
  • the distribution plate of the forces 19 aims at attenuating the phenomena of difference in level between the corners of the secondary insulating panels 7 adjacent. Also, the distribution plate of the forces 19 makes it possible to distribute the stresses likely to be exerted on the secondary waterproofing membrane 4 and the primary insulating panels 22 to the right of the corner zones of the secondary insulating panels 7.
  • the force distribution plate 19 is advantageously made of a metal chosen from stainless steel, iron and nickel alloys, such as invar, whose coefficient of expansion is typically between 1, 2.10 6 and 2.10 6. K -1 and iron and manganese alloys whose expansion coefficient is less than 2.10 5 K 1 , typically of the order of 7.10 6 K 1 .
  • the force distribution plate 19 has a thickness of between 1 and 7 mm, preferably between 2 and 4 mm, for example of the order of 3 mm.
  • the distribution plate 19 advantageously has a square shape whose size on one side is between 100 and 250 mm, for example of the order of 150 mm.
  • the upper plate 40 is disposed below the force distribution plate 19 and has dimensions smaller than that of the force distribution plate 19 so that the force distribution plate 19 completely covers the upper plate 40.
  • upper plate 40 is housed in the recesses 54 formed in the corner zones of the secondary insulating panels 7, to the right of the bearing zones 16, that is to say in the embodiment shown in FIG. recesses 54 formed in the second insulating polymer foam layer 12 of the secondary insulating panels 7.
  • the upper plate 40 has a threaded bore 42 in which is mounted a threaded base of a stud 43 for anchoring the primary insulating panels 22.
  • the distribution plate stresses 19 also comprises a bore, formed opposite the threaded bore of the upper plate 40, and thus allowing the stud 43 to pass through the distribution plate efforts 19.
  • the upper plate 40 has a general rectangular parallelepipedal shape comprising two large opposite faces which are parallel to the supporting structure 3 of the wall 1 and four faces which connect the two large faces and extend parallel to the thickness direction of the wall 1 of tank.
  • the four faces which extend parallel to the thickness direction of the wall 1 of the tank are connected by fillets 44. This makes it possible to avoid the presence of an angle. and further contributes to further limiting the punching phenomena of the bottom plates 23 of the primary insulating panels 22 by limiting the stress concentrations.
  • the upper plate 40 and the force distribution plate 19 are formed in one piece. Such an element is shown in section in FIG.
  • the spacer 41 is disposed between the secondary support plate 17 and the upper plate and thus serves to maintain a spacing between the secondary support plate 17 and the upper plate 40.
  • the spacer 41 has chamfers 45 in order to fit into the space, seen in the direction of thickness of the wall 1 of the tank, of the upper plate 40. In other words, the upper plate 40 completely covers the spacer 41.
  • the spacer 41 is advantageously made of wood, which makes it possible to limit the thermal bridge towards the supporting structure 3 at the level of the anchoring device 8.
  • the spacer 41 has an inverted U shape so as to define between the two branches of the U a central housing 46.
  • the central housing 46 receives the upper end of the rod 15, the locking member 39, the nut 37 and the spring washers 38.
  • the spacer 41 is also housed in the recess 15 formed, at the right of the support surface 16.
  • the locking member 39 has a square or rectangular shape whose diagonal has a dimension greater than the dimension of the central housing 46 between the two branches of the U, which allows to lock in rotation the rod 15 relative to the spacer 39 and thus prevents the rod 15 from disengaging from the nut 35.
  • the aforementioned elements are each provided with two bores through each of which passes a screw 47, 48.
  • the bores in the secondary support plate 17 each have a thread cooperating with one of the screws 47, 48 so as to ensure the attachment of the aforementioned elements to each other.
  • the stud 43 passes through a bore formed through a strake 21 of the secondary sealing membrane 4.
  • the stud 43 has a flange 49 which is welded at its periphery, around the bore, to ensure the tightness of the secondary waterproofing membrane 4.
  • the secondary waterproofing membrane is therefore sandwiched between the flange 49 of the stud 43 and the force distribution plate 19.
  • the anchoring device 8 also comprises a primary bearing plate 30 which bears in the direction of the supporting structure 3 on a bearing zone 29 formed in each of the four adjacent primary insulating panels 22 so as to retain them against the 3.
  • each bearing zone 29 is formed by a portion protruding from the bottom plate 23 of one of the primary insulating panels 22.
  • the primary bearing plate 30 is housed in the recesses 28 formed in the corner areas of the primary insulating panels 22, to the right of the support zones 29.
  • the anchoring device 8 further comprises one or more elastic washers 51, Belleville type, which are threaded on the stud 43 between the nut 50 and the primary bearing plate 30, which ensures an elastic anchoring of the primary insulating panels 22 on the supporting structure 3.
  • an insulating plug 52 illustrated in FIG. 4, is inserted above the anchoring device 8 in the recesses 28 formed at the corner zones of four adjacent primary insulating panels 22 so as to ensure a continuity of the primary thermally insulating barrier 5 at the anchoring device 8.
  • a closure plate 53 made of wood, illustrated in FIG. 4 ensures a flatness of the support surface of the primary waterproofing membrane. 6. The closure plate 53 is received in countersinks at the corner regions of the primary insulating panels 22.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an anchoring device 8 according to another variant embodiment.
  • This anchoring device 8 differs from the anchoring device 8 described and illustrated in relation to FIGS. 2 to 4 in that the upper plate 40 as the spacer 41 have a section, in a plane orthogonal to the thickness direction of the tank wall 1, devoid of leaves and chamfers, which facilitates their manufacture.
  • a cutaway view of a LNG tank 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
  • the wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary sealed barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary sealed barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double hull 72.
  • loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a marine or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
  • FIG. 8 represents an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 is an off-shore fixed installation comprising an arm mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74.
  • the movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 that can connect to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
  • the movable arm 74 can be adapted to all gauges of LNG carriers .
  • a connection pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 enables the loading and unloading of the LNG tank 70 from or to the shore facility 77.
  • the underwater line 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore installation 77 over a large distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the tanker vessel 70 at great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.

Abstract

The invention concerns a thermally insulating sealed tank for storing a fluid comprising a tank wall (1) comprising: insulating panels (7) having a parallelepiped shape that are juxtaposed on a support structure (3) and that each have a cover plate (10) defining a support surface for a sealing membrane (4); and an anchoring device (8) that is attached to the support structure (3) and comprises: a rod (15) that is attached to the support structure (3) between at least two corner areas of at least two adjacent insulating panels (7); a bearing plate (17) that is mounted on the rod (15) and that is held in the direction of the support structure (3) against a bearing area (16) of each of said adjacent insulating panels (7) so as to hold them towards the support structure (3); and a force distribution plate (19) that is attached to the bearing plate (17) and that is arranged, in the corner area of each of said adjacent insulating panels (7), between the cover plate (10) of said insulating panel (7) and the sealing membrane (4).

Description

CUVE ETANCHE ET THERMIQUEMENT ISOLANTE  SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK
Domaine technique Technical area
L’invention se rapporte au domaine des cuves, étanches et thermiquement isolantes, à membranes, pour le stockage et/ou le transport de fluide, tel qu’un gaz liquéfié.  The invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks, with membranes, for storing and / or transporting fluid, such as a liquefied gas.
Des cuves étanches et thermiquement isolantes à membranes sont notamment employées pour le stockage de gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL), qui est stocké, à pression atmosphérique, à environ -163°C. Ces cuves peuvent être installées à terre ou sur un ouvrage flottant. Dans le cas d’un ouvrage flottant, la cuve peut être destinée au transport de gaz naturel liquéfié ou à recevoir du gaz naturel liquéfié servant de carburant pour la propulsion de l’ouvrage flottant.  Watertight and thermally insulating membrane tanks are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored at atmospheric pressure at about -163 ° C. These tanks can be installed on the ground or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas or to receive liquefied natural gas used as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
Arrière-plan technologique  Technological background
Le document WO2014096600 divulgue une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante de stockage de gaz naturel liquéfie agencée dans une structure porteuse et dont les parois présentent une structure multicouche, à savoir de l’extérieur vers l’intérieur de la cuve, une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire ancrée contre la structure porteuse, une membrane d’étanchéité secondaire qui est supportée par la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire, une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire qui est supportée par la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire et une membrane d’étanchéité primaire qui est supportée par la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire et qui est destinée à être contact avec le gaz naturel liquéfie stocké dans la cuve.  The document WO2014096600 discloses a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing liquefied natural gas arranged in a supporting structure and whose walls have a multilayer structure, namely from the outside to the inside of the tank, an insulated secondary thermal-insulating barrier. against the supporting structure, a secondary waterproofing membrane which is supported by the secondary heat-insulating barrier, a primary heat-insulating barrier which is supported by the secondary waterproofing membrane and a primary waterproofing membrane which is supported by the thermal barrier primary insulation and which is intended to be in contact with the liquefied natural gas stored in the tank.
Chaque barrière d’isolation thermique, primaire et secondaire, comporte un ensemble de panneaux isolants, respectivement primaire et secondaire, de forme générale parallélépipédique qui sont juxtaposés et qui forment ainsi une surface de support pour une membrane d’étanchéité respective. Les panneaux isolants sont ancrés sur la structure porteuse au moyen de dispositifs d’ancrage qui sont fixés à la structure porteuse et qui sont positionnées au niveau des coins des panneaux isolants primaires et secondaires. Chaque dispositif d’ancrage coopère ainsi avec les coins de quatre panneaux isolants secondaires adjacents et avec les coins de quatre panneaux isolants primaires adjacents afin de les retenir contre la structure porteuse. Each thermal insulation barrier, primary and secondary, comprises a set of insulating panels, respectively primary and secondary, of parallelepiped general shape which are juxtaposed and which thus form a support surface for a respective waterproofing membrane. The insulating panels are anchored to the supporting structure by means of anchoring devices which are attached to the supporting structure and which are positioned at the corners of the primary and secondary insulation boards. Each anchoring device thus cooperates with the corners of four adjacent secondary insulating panels and with the corners of four adjacent primary insulating panels to hold them against the supporting structure.
Les panneaux isolants secondaires sont susceptibles de se déformer. En effet, les panneaux isolants secondaires sont soumis à des gradients thermiques qui, en raison des phénomènes de contraction différentielle, sont susceptibles d’entraîner leur flexion. En outre, la déformation de la structure porteuse occasionne des déformations des panneaux isolants secondaires. Ceci est notamment le cas lorsque la structure porteuse est formée par la coque interne et que celle-ci délimite des compartiments de ballast. En effet, dans ces circonstances, les mouvements du liquide de ballast dans les compartiments de ballast sont susceptibles d’occasionner des déformations importantes de la structure porteuse.  Secondary insulating panels may be deformed. In fact, the secondary insulating panels are subjected to thermal gradients which, because of the differential contraction phenomena, are likely to cause their flexion. In addition, the deformation of the carrier structure causes deformations secondary insulating panels. This is particularly the case when the carrier structure is formed by the inner shell and that it defines ballast compartments. Indeed, in these circumstances, the movements of the ballast liquid in the ballast compartments are likely to cause significant deformation of the carrier structure.
Ces déformations des panneaux isolants secondaires ont pour effet de générer des dénivelés entre les coins adjacents des panneaux isolants secondaires, ces dénivelés étant d’autant plus importants que les panneaux isolants secondaires présentent une structure particulière au niveau de leurs coins, par exemple en étant équipés de piliers au niveau de leurs coins.  These deformations of the secondary insulating panels have the effect of generating unevenness between the adjacent corners of the secondary insulating panels, these unevenness being all the more important that the secondary insulating panels have a particular structure at their corners, for example being equipped pillars at their corners.
Or, lorsque le gaz liquéfié exerce des pressions hydrostatiques et dynamiques sur les parois de la cuve, de tels dénivelés conduisent à une concentration des contraintes dans la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire et dans les panneaux isolants primaires au droit des coins des panneaux isolants secondaires. Aussi, le niveau des contraintes dans ces zones est notamment susceptible d’occasionner des dégradations des éléments précités, tels que des écrasements et/ou poinçonnages des panneaux isolants primaires par exemple.  However, when the liquefied gas exerts hydrostatic and dynamic pressures on the walls of the tank, such unevenness leads to a concentration of stress in the secondary sealing membrane and in the primary insulating panels to the corners of the secondary insulating panels. Also, the level of stress in these areas is particularly likely to cause damage to the aforementioned elements, such as crushing and / or punching primary insulation panels for example.
Résumé  summary
Une idée à la base de l’invention consiste à limiter le niveau des contraintes susceptibles d’être générés dans les composants d’une paroi de cuve au droit des coins des panneaux isolants secondaires.  An idea underlying the invention is to limit the level of stresses that can be generated in the components of a tank wall at the corners of the secondary insulating panels.
Une idée à la base de l’invention est de proposer une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante de stockage d’un fluide comportant une paroi de cuve présentant successivement dans une direction d’épaisseur de la paroi de cuve, depuis l’extérieur vers l’intérieur de la cuve, une barrière thermiquement isolante qui est ancrée à une structure porteuse et une membrane d’étanchéité qui repose contre la barrière thermiquement isolante, An idea underlying the invention is to provide a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid comprising a vessel wall having successively in a thickness direction of the vessel wall, from the outside towards the inside the tank, a thermally insulating barrier is anchored to a supporting structure and a sealing membrane which rests against the thermally insulating barrier,
dans laquelle la barrière thermiquement isolante comprend des panneaux isolants de forme parallélépipédique qui sont juxtaposés sur la structure porteuse et qui présentent chacun une plaque de couvercle définissant une surface de support pour la membrane d’étanchéité ; wherein the thermally insulating barrier comprises parallelepiped-shaped insulating panels which are juxtaposed to the carrier structure and which each have a cover plate defining a support surface for the sealing membrane;
dans laquelle des dispositifs d’ancrage sont fixés à la structure porteuse entre les panneaux isolants et coopèrent avec lesdits panneaux isolants afin de les retenir contre la structure porteuse ; wherein anchoring devices are attached to the carrier structure between the insulating panels and cooperate with said insulating panels to retain them against the supporting structure;
dans laquelle au moins un des dispositifs d’ancrage comporte : wherein at least one of the anchoring devices comprises:
- une tige qui est fixée à la structure porteuse entre au moins deux zones de coin adjacentes d’au moins deux panneaux isolants adjacents ;  a rod which is attached to the supporting structure between at least two adjacent corner areas of at least two adjacent insulating panels;
- une platine d’appui qui est montée sur la tige et qui est maintenue en appui en direction de la structure porteuse contre une zone d’appui de chacun des panneaux isolants adjacents de manière à les retenir vers la structure porteuse ; et - A support plate which is mounted on the rod and which is supported in the direction of the supporting structure against a bearing zone of each of the adjacent insulating panels so as to retain them to the supporting structure; and
- une plaque de répartition des efforts qui est fixée à la plaque d’appui et qui est disposée, dans la zone de coin de chacun des panneaux isolants adjacents entre la plaque de couvercle dudit panneau isolant et la membrane d’étanchéité. - a force distribution plate which is attached to the support plate and which is arranged in the corner area of each of the adjacent insulating panels between the cover plate of said insulating panel and the sealing membrane.
Une telle plaque de répartition des efforts permet d’atténuer les phénomènes de dénivelés entre les panneaux isolants adjacents. Aussi, la plaque de répartition des efforts a pour effet de répartir les contraintes susceptibles de s’exercer sur la membrane d’étanchéité ou sur tout autre composant de la paroi de cuve, tel que du contreplaqué ou de la mousse polymère isolante, par exemple, au droit des zones de coin des panneaux isolants, ce qui permet de limiter le niveau desdites contraintes et ainsi d’éviter un endommagement des composants de la paroi de cuve.  Such a distribution plate of efforts makes it possible to attenuate the phenomena of difference in level between the adjacent insulating panels. Also, the force distribution plate has the effect of distributing the stresses likely to be exerted on the waterproofing membrane or on any other component of the tank wall, such as plywood or insulating polymer foam, for example , to the right of the corner areas of the insulating panels, which limits the level of said constraints and thus to prevent damage to the components of the tank wall.
Selon d’autres modes de réalisation avantageux, une telle cuve peut présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes.  According to other advantageous embodiments, such a tank may have one or more of the following characteristics.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la plaque de répartition des efforts est fixée directement ou indirectement à la plaque d’appui  According to one embodiment, the force distribution plate is fixed directly or indirectly to the support plate
Selon un mode de réalisation la plaque de répartition des efforts est disposée dans la zone de coin d’au moins deux des panneaux isolants. Selon un mode de réalisation, la tige est fixée à la structure porteuse entre au moins quatre zones de coins adjacentes de quatre panneaux isolants adjacents et la plaque de répartition des efforts est disposée, dans la zone de coin de chacun des quatre panneaux isolants adjacents. According to one embodiment, the force distribution plate is disposed in the corner zone of at least two of the insulating panels. According to one embodiment, the rod is attached to the carrier structure between at least four adjacent corner regions of four adjacent insulating panels and the force distribution plate is disposed in the corner area of each of the four adjacent insulating panels.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la plaque de répartition des efforts repose contre la plaque de couvercle de chacun des quatre panneaux isolants adjacents.  According to one embodiment, the force distribution plate rests against the cover plate of each of the four adjacent insulating panels.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les panneaux isolants comportent un lamage et la plaque de répartition des efforts est logée dans l’un des lamages de chacun des panneaux isolants adjacents. Ceci contribue à assurer la planéité de la surface de support de la membrane d’étanchéité.  According to one embodiment, the insulating panels comprise a counterbore and the force distribution plate is housed in one of the counterbores of each of the adjacent insulating panels. This helps to ensure the flatness of the support surface of the waterproofing membrane.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la plaque de répartition des efforts affleure au niveau de la surface de support définie par la plaque de couvercle  According to one embodiment, the force distribution plate is flush with the support surface defined by the cover plate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le lamage est réalisé dans la zone de coin. According to one embodiment, the counterbore is made in the corner area.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la plaque de répartition des efforts présente une forme rectangulaire et de préférence carré. According to one embodiment, the force distribution plate has a rectangular shape and preferably square.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la plaque de répartition des efforts présente une épaisseur comprise entre 1 et 7 mm, et de préférence comprise entre 2 et 4 mm.  According to one embodiment, the force distribution plate has a thickness of between 1 and 7 mm, and preferably between 2 and 4 mm.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la plaque de répartition des efforts est réalisée dans un matériau choisi parmi l’acier inoxydable, les alliages de fer et de nickel dont le coefficient de dilatation est compris entre 1 ,2.10 6 et 2.106 K 1 et les alliages de fer et de manganèse dont le coefficient de dilatation est inférieur à 2.105 K-1. According to one embodiment, the force distribution plate is made of a material chosen from stainless steel, iron and nickel alloys whose expansion coefficient is between 1, 2.10 6 and 2.10 6 K 1 and the Iron and manganese alloys having an expansion coefficient of less than 2.10 5 K -1 .
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif d’ancrage comporte un écrou qui coopère avec une extrémité filetée de la tige et une ou plusieurs rondelles élastiques enfilées sur la tige entre l’écrou et la platine d’appui de manière à exercer un effort élastique plaquant ladite platine d’appui contre la zone d’appui de chacun des quatre panneaux isolants adjacents. Ceci permet d’assurer un ancrage élastique des panneaux isolants sur la structure porteuse.  According to one embodiment, the anchoring device comprises a nut which cooperates with a threaded end of the rod and one or more elastic washers slipped on the rod between the nut and the support plate so as to exert an elastic force placing said support plate against the bearing zone of each of the four adjacent insulating panels. This ensures elastic anchoring of the insulating panels on the supporting structure.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les rondelles élastiques sont des rondelles Belleville. Selon un mode de réalisation, les panneaux isolants comportent au niveau de leurs zones de coin, un évidement ménagé au droit de la zone d’appui, chaque platine d’appui étant reçue dans l’évidement de chacun des panneaux isolants adjacents. According to one embodiment, the elastic washers are Belleville washers. According to one embodiment, the insulating panels comprise at their corner regions, a recess formed at the right of the support zone, each support plate being received in the recess of each of the adjacent insulating panels.
Selon un mode de réalisation, au moins un des panneaux isolants comporte une plaque de fond reposant contre la structure porteuse, une plaque intermédiaire disposée entre la plaque de fond et la plaque de couvercle, une première couche de mousse polymère isolante prise en sandwich entre la plaque de fond et la plaque intermédiaire et une deuxième couche de mousse polymère isolante prise en sandwich entre la plaque intermédiaire et la plaque de couvercle. Une telle structure est avantageuse en ce qu’elle permet de limiter les efforts de flexion engendrés par la contraction différentielle des matériaux du panneau isolant.  According to one embodiment, at least one of the insulating panels comprises a base plate resting against the supporting structure, an intermediate plate disposed between the bottom plate and the cover plate, a first layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between the bottom plate and the intermediate plate and a second layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between the intermediate plate and the cover plate. Such a structure is advantageous in that it makes it possible to limit the bending forces generated by the differential contraction of the materials of the insulating panel.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les évidements sont ménagés dans la deuxième couche de mousse polymère isolante de manière à ce que la plaque intermédiaire déborde par rapport à la deuxième couche de mousse polymère isolante et ménage ainsi l’une des zones d’appui.  According to one embodiment, the recesses are formed in the second layer of insulating polymer foam so that the intermediate plate protrudes with respect to the second layer of insulating polymer foam and thus provides one of the support zones.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la première couche de mousse polymère isolante présente, dans chacune des zones de coins du panneau isolant une découpe logeant un pilier qui s’étend entre la plaque de fond et la plaque intermédiaire. Ceci permet de limiter l’écrasement et le fluage de la mousse.  According to one embodiment, the first layer of insulating polymer foam has, in each of the corner regions of the insulating panel, a cutout housing a pillar which extends between the bottom plate and the intermediate plate. This limits crushing and creep of the foam.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, au moins l’un des panneaux isolants comporte une plaque de fond, une plaque de couvercle et des voiles porteurs s’étendant, dans la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi de cuve, entre le plaque de fond et la plaque de couvercle et délimitant une pluralité de compartiments remplis d’une garniture isolante, telle que de la perlite.  According to another embodiment, at least one of the insulating panels comprises a bottom plate, a cover plate and carrying webs extending, in the thickness direction of the vessel wall, between the bottom plate and the cover plate and delimiting a plurality of compartments filled with an insulating liner, such as perlite.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la barrière thermiquement isolante est une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire, les panneaux isolants sont des panneaux isolants secondaires, la membrane d’étanchéité est une membrane d’étanchéité secondaire et la platine d’appui est une platine d’appui secondaire, la paroi de cuve comportant en outre une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire reposant contre la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire et une membrane d’étanchéité primaire qui repose contre la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire et est destinée à être en contact avec le fluide contenu dans la cuve ; la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire comportant des panneaux isolants primaires qui sont chacun superposés sur l’un des panneaux isolants secondaires, le dispositif d’ancrage comportant en outre : According to one embodiment, the thermally insulating barrier is a secondary thermal insulating barrier, the insulating panels are secondary insulating panels, the sealing membrane is a secondary waterproofing membrane and the support plate is a support plate secondary, the vessel wall further comprising a primary thermally insulating barrier resting against the secondary sealing membrane and a sealing membrane primary which rests against the primary thermally insulating barrier and is intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the tank; the primary thermally insulating barrier comprising primary insulating panels which are each superimposed on one of the secondary insulating panels, the anchoring device further comprising:
- un goujon qui est solidaire de la platine d’appui secondaire et qui traverse de manière étanche la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire ; et  - A stud which is integral with the secondary support plate and which passes through the secondary waterproofing membrane; and
- une platine d’appui primaire qui est montée sur le goujon et qui est maintenue en appui en direction de la structure porteuse contre une zone d’appui de chacun des quatre panneaux isolants primaires adjacents de manière à les retenir vers la structure porteuse.  - A primary support plate which is mounted on the stud and which is supported in the direction of the supporting structure against a bearing zone of each of the four adjacent primary insulating panels so as to retain them towards the supporting structure.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif d’ancrage comporte une platine supérieure qui est fixée à la platine d’appui secondaire et est disposée entre la platine d’appui secondaire et la plaque de répartition des efforts; le goujon étant fixé à la platine supérieure et passant au travers d’un alésage ménagé dans la plaque de répartition des efforts.  According to one embodiment, the anchoring device comprises an upper plate which is fixed to the secondary support plate and is arranged between the secondary support plate and the force distribution plate; the stud being attached to the upper plate and passing through a bore in the force distribution plate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la plaque de répartition des efforts recouvre intégralement la platine supérieure.  According to one embodiment, the force distribution plate completely covers the upper plate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la platine supérieure comporte deux faces orthogonales à la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi de cuve qui sont reliées l’une à l’autre par des faces s’étendant parallèlement à la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi de cuve ; lesdites faces qui s’étendent parallèlement à la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi de cuve étant raccordées les unes aux autres par des congés. Ceci contribue à limiter encore davantage les phénomènes de poinçonnement des panneaux isolants primaires. Ceci permet en outre de limiter les efforts s’exerçant sur la plaque de répartition des efforts.  According to one embodiment, the upper plate comprises two faces orthogonal to the thickness direction of the vessel wall which are connected to each other by faces extending parallel to the thickness direction of the wall. tank; said faces extending parallel to the thickness direction of the vessel wall being connected to each other by fillets. This helps to further limit the punching phenomena of the primary insulating panels. This also makes it possible to limit the forces exerted on the distribution plate of the forces.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif d’ancrage comporte une entretoise qui est fixée à la platine d’appui secondaire et est disposée entre la platine d’appui secondaire et la platine supérieure. L’entretoise est avantageusement réalisée en bois ou en plastique, ce qui permet de limiter le pont thermique vers la structure porteuse au niveau du dispositif d’ancrage. Selon un mode de réalisation, l’entretoise présente une forme de U inversé de manière à définir entre les deux branches du U un logement central, le logement central recevant une extrémité supérieure de la tige, l’écrou et optionnellement la ou les rondelles élastiques. According to one embodiment, the anchoring device comprises a spacer which is fixed to the secondary support plate and is arranged between the secondary support plate and the upper plate. The spacer is advantageously made of wood or plastic, which limits the thermal bridge to the carrier structure at the anchor device. According to one embodiment, the spacer has an inverted U shape so as to define between the two branches of the U a central housing, the central housing receiving an upper end of the rod, the nut and optionally the elastic washer (s). .
Selon un mode de réalisation, la plaque supérieure recouvre intégralement l’entretoise.  According to one embodiment, the upper plate completely covers the spacer.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’entretoise présente des chanfreins.  According to one embodiment, the spacer has chamfers.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif d’ancrage comporte une douille qui est soudée à la structure porteuse et un écrou qui est logé dans la douille, la tige d’ancrage présentant une extrémité inférieure filetée coopérant avec l’écrou.  According to one embodiment, the anchoring device comprises a socket which is welded to the supporting structure and a nut which is housed in the socket, the anchor rod having a threaded lower end cooperating with the nut.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le fluide est un gaz liquéfié, tel que du gaz naturel liquéfié.  According to one embodiment, the fluid is a liquefied gas, such as liquefied natural gas.
Une telle cuve peut faire partie d’une installation de stockage terrestre, par exemple pour stocker du GNL ou être installée dans une structure flottante, côtière ou en eau profonde, notamment un navire méthanier, une unité flottante de stockage et de regazéification (FSRU), une unité flottante de production et de stockage déporté (FPSO) et autres.  Such a tank can be part of a land storage facility, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deep water, including a LNG tank, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) , a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
Selon un mode de réalisation, un navire pour le transport d’un fluide cryogénique comporte une double coque et une cuve précitée disposée dans la double coque.  According to one embodiment, a vessel for the transport of a cryogenic fluid comprises a double shell and a said tank disposed in the double hull.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la double coque comporte une coque interne formant la structure porteuse de la cuve.  According to one embodiment, the double shell comprises an inner shell forming the carrying structure of the vessel.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’invention fournit aussi un procédé de chargement ou déchargement d’un tel navire, dans lequel on achemine un fluide à travers des canalisations isolées depuis ou vers une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve du navire.  According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or land storage facility to or from the tank of the vessel. ship.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’invention fournit aussi un système de transfert pour un fluide, le système comportant le navire précité, des canalisations isolées agencées de manière à relier la cuve installée dans la coque du navire à une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre et une pompe pour entraîner un fluide à travers les canalisations isolées depuis ou vers l’installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve du navire. According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the abovementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged to connect the vessel installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or ground storage facility. and a pump for driving a fluid to through isolated pipelines to or from the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel's vessel.
Brève description des figures  Brief description of the figures
L’invention sera mieux comprise, et d'autres buts, détails, caractéristiques et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement au cours de la description suivante de plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers de l’invention, donnés uniquement à titre illustratif et non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés.  The invention will be better understood, and other objects, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the course of the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given solely for illustrative and non-limiting purposes. with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- La figure 1 est une vue en perspective écorchée d’une paroi de cuve. - Figure 1 is a cutaway perspective view of a vessel wall.
- La figure 2 est une vue en perspective d’un dispositif d’ancrage coopérant avec des panneaux isolants primaires et des panneaux isolants secondaires afin de les retenir contre la structure porteuse. - Figure 2 is a perspective view of an anchoring device cooperating with primary insulating panels and secondary insulating panels to retain them against the supporting structure.
- La figure 3 est une vue de détail du dispositif d’ancrage de la figure 2. FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the anchoring device of FIG. 2.
- La figure 4 est une vue éclatée du dispositif d’ancrage des figures 2 et 3. FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the anchoring device of FIGS. 2 and 3.
- La figure 5 est une vue en perspective d’un panneau isolant secondaire.  - Figure 5 is a perspective view of a secondary insulating panel.
- La figure 6 est une vue en perspective d’un panneau isolant primaire. - Figure 6 is a perspective view of a primary insulating panel.
- La figure 7 est une vue éclatée d’un dispositif d’ancrage selon une variante de réalisation. - Figure 7 is an exploded view of an anchoring device according to an alternative embodiment.
- La figure 8 est une représentation schématique écorchée d’une cuve de navire méthanier et d’un terminal de chargement/déchargement de cette cuve.  - Figure 8 is a schematic cutaway representation of a tank of LNG tanker and a loading / unloading terminal of this tank.
- La figure 9 est une représentation en coupe d’un élément d’un dispositif d’ancrage selon une autre variante de réalisation.  - Figure 9 is a sectional representation of an element of an anchoring device according to another embodiment.
Description détaillée de modes de réalisation  Detailed description of embodiments
Par convention, les termes «externe » et « interne » sont utilisés pour définir la position relative d'un élément par rapport à un autre, par référence à l'intérieur et à l’extérieur de la cuve. Sur la figure 1 , on a représenté la structure multicouche d’une paroi 1 d’une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante de stockage d’un fluide liquéfié, tel que du gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL). Chaque paroi 1 de la cuve comporte successivement, dans le sens de l’épaisseur, depuis l’extérieur vers l’intérieur de la cuve, une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 2 retenue à une structure porteuse 3, une membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 4 reposant contre la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 2, une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 5 reposant contre la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 4 et une membrane d’étanchéité primaire 6 destinée à être en contact avec le gaz naturel liquéfié contenu dans la cuve. By convention, the terms "external" and "internal" are used to define the relative position of one element relative to another, with reference to the interior and exterior of the vessel. In Figure 1, there is shown the multilayer structure of a wall 1 of a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a liquefied fluid, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG). Each wall 1 of the tank comprises successively, in the direction of the thickness, from the outside to the inside of the tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 retained to a bearing structure 3, a secondary sealing membrane 4 resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, a primary thermally insulating barrier 5 resting against the secondary sealing membrane 4 and a primary sealing membrane 6 intended to be in contact with the liquefied natural gas contained in the tank.
La structure porteuse 3 peut notamment être formée par la coque ou la double coque d’un navire. La structure porteuse 3 comporte une pluralité de parois définissant la forme générale de la cuve, habituellement une forme polyédrique.  The supporting structure 3 can in particular be formed by the hull or the double hull of a ship. The supporting structure 3 comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank, usually a polyhedral shape.
La barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 2 comporte une pluralité de panneaux isolants secondaires 7 qui sont ancrés sur la structure porteuse 3 au moyen de dispositifs d’ancrage 8 qui seront décrits de manière détaillée par la suite. Les panneaux isolants secondaires 7 présentent une forme générale parallélépipédique et sont disposés selon des rangés parallèles.  The secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 comprises a plurality of secondary insulating panels 7 which are anchored on the support structure 3 by means of anchoring devices 8 which will be described in detail below. The secondary insulating panels 7 have a parallelepipedal general shape and are arranged in parallel rows.
En relation avec la figure 5, l’on observe la structure d’un panneau isolant secondaire 7 selon un mode de réalisation. Le panneau isolant secondaire 7 comporte ici trois plaques, à savoir une plaque de fond 8, une plaque intermédiaire 9 et une plaque de couvercle 10. Les plaques de fond 8, intermédiaire 9 et de couvercle 10 sont par exemple réalisées en bois contreplaqué. Le panneau isolant secondaire In relation to FIG. 5, the structure of a secondary insulating panel 7 according to one embodiment is observed. The secondary insulating panel 7 here comprises three plates, namely a bottom plate 8, an intermediate plate 9 and a cover plate 10. The bottom plates 8, intermediate 9 and cover 10 are for example made of plywood. Secondary insulation board
7 comporte également une première couche de mousse polymère isolante 1 1 prise en sandwich entre la plaque de fond 8 et la plaque intermédiaire 9 et une seconde couche de mousse polymère isolante 12 prise en sandwich entre la plaque intermédiaire 9 et la plaque de couvercle 10. La première et la deuxième couches de mousse polymère isolante 1 1 , 12 sont respectivement collées sur les plaques de fond7 also comprises a first insulating polymer foam layer 11 sandwiched between the bottom plate 8 and the intermediate plate 9 and a second layer of insulating polymer foam 12 sandwiched between the intermediate plate 9 and the cover plate 10. The first and second layers of insulating polymer foam 11, 12 are respectively bonded to the bottom plates
8 et intermédiaire 9 et sur les plaques intermédiaire 9 et de couvercle 10. La mousse polymère isolante peut notamment être une mousse à base de polyuréthanne, optionnellement renforcée par des fibres. La première couche de mousse polymère isolante 1 1 présente, dans les zones de coin, des découpes pour laisser passer des piliers de coin 13. Les piliers de coin 13 s’étendent, au niveau des quatre zones de coin du panneau isolant secondaire 7, entre la plaque de fond 8 et la plaque intermédiaire 9. Les piliers de coin 13 sont fixés, par exemple au moyen d’agrafes ou de vis ou collés, sur la plaque de fond 8 et la plaque intermédiaire 9. Les piliers de coin 13 sont, par exemple, en bois contreplaqué ou en plastique. Les piliers de coin 13 permettent de reprendre une partie de la charge de compression en service et de limiter l’écrasement et le fluage de la mousse. De tels piliers de coin 13 présentent un coefficient de contraction thermique différent de celui de la première couche de mousse polymère isolante 1 1. Aussi, lors de la mise à froid de la cuve, la déflection du panneau isolant secondaire 7 est plus faible au niveau des piliers de coin 13 que dans les autres zones. Ceci augmente encore davantage les effets de dénivelés ou de marche au niveau des zones de coin des panneaux isolants secondaires 7. 8 and intermediate 9 and the intermediate plates 9 and cover 10. The insulating polymer foam may in particular be a polyurethane-based foam, optionally reinforced with fibers. The first layer of insulating polymer foam 11 has, in the corner areas, cut-outs for passing corner pillars 13. The corner pillars 13 extend, at the four corner regions of the secondary insulation board 7, between the bottom plate 8 and the intermediate plate 9. The corner pillars 13 are fixed, for example by means of staples or screws or glued, on the bottom plate 8 and the intermediate plate 9. The corner pillars 13 are, for example, plywood or plastic. The corner pillars 13 make it possible to take up part of the compressive load in use and to limit crushing and creep of the foam. Such corner pillars 13 have a coefficient of thermal contraction different from that of the first layer of insulating polymer foam 1 1. Also, during the cold setting of the tank, the deflection of the secondary insulating panel 7 is lower at corner pillars 13 only in other areas. This further increases the effects of unevenness or walking in the corner areas of the secondary insulation panels 7.
Par ailleurs, le panneau isolant secondaire 7 comporte des évidements 14, 54 au niveau de ses zones de coin pour recevoir des dispositifs d’ancrage 8 qui seront détaillées par la suite. Le panneau isolant secondaire 7 comporte, de la plaque de fond 8 à la plaque intermédiaire 9, un premier évidement 14 destiné à permettre le passage d’une tige 15 du dispositif d’ancrage 8. Au, dessus de la plaque intermédiaire 9, le panneau isolant secondaire 7 comporte un deuxième évidement 54. Le deuxième évidement 54 présente des dimensions supérieures à celles du premier évidement 14 de manière à ce que la plaque intermédiaire 9 déborde par rapport à la deuxième couche de mousse polymère isolante 12 et à la plaque de couvercle 10. Ainsi, la plaque intermédiaire 9 forme au niveau des zones de coin du panneau isolant secondaire 7 une zone d’appui 16 destinée à coopérer avec une platine d’appui secondaire 17 du dispositif d’ancrage 8.  Furthermore, the secondary insulating panel 7 has recesses 14, 54 at its corner areas to receive anchoring devices 8 which will be detailed later. The secondary insulating panel 7 comprises, from the bottom plate 8 to the intermediate plate 9, a first recess 14 intended to allow the passage of a rod 15 of the anchoring device 8. At the top of the intermediate plate 9, the secondary insulating panel 7 has a second recess 54. The second recess 54 has dimensions greater than those of the first recess 14 so that the intermediate plate 9 overflows with respect to the second insulating polymer foam layer 12 and the cover 10. Thus, the intermediate plate 9 forms at the corner areas of the secondary insulating panel 7 a bearing zone 16 intended to cooperate with a secondary support plate 17 of the anchoring device 8.
Par ailleurs, la plaque de couvercle 10 présente un lamage 18 au niveau de ces quatre zones de coin. Chaque lamage 18 est destiné à recevoir une plaque de répartition des efforts 19 du dispositif d’ancrage 8, décrite par la suite. Les lamages 18 présentent une épaisseur sensiblement similaire à celle de la plaque de répartition des efforts 19 de sorte que la plaque de répartition des efforts 19 affleure la surface supérieure de la plaque de couvercle 10. La plaque de couvercle 10 comporte également des rainures 20 pour recevoir des supports de soudure. On the other hand, the cover plate 10 has a counterbore 18 at these four corner regions. Each countersink 18 is intended to receive a distribution plate of the forces 19 of the anchoring device 8, described below. The counterbores 18 have a thickness substantially similar to that of the force distribution plate 19 so that the force distribution plate 19 is flush with the surface. The cover plate 10 also has grooves 20 for receiving weld supports.
La structure du panneau isolant secondaire 7 est décrite ci-dessus à titre d’exemple. Aussi, dans un autre mode de réalisation, les panneaux isolants secondaires 7 sont susceptibles de présenter une autre structure générale, par exemple celle décrite dans le document WO2012/127141. Les panneaux isolants secondaires 7 sont alors réalisés sous forme de caisson comportant une plaque de fond, une plaque de couvercle et des voiles porteurs s’étendant, dans la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi 1 de cuve, entre le plaque de fond et la plaque de couvercle et délimitant une pluralité de compartiments remplis d’une garniture isolante, telle que de la perlite, de la laine de verre ou de roche.  The structure of the secondary insulating panel 7 is described above by way of example. Also, in another embodiment, the secondary insulating panels 7 are likely to have another general structure, for example that described in WO2012 / 127141. The secondary insulating panels 7 are then made in the form of a box comprising a bottom plate, a cover plate and carrying webs extending, in the thickness direction of the wall 1 of the tank, between the bottom plate and the cover plate and defining a plurality of compartments filled with an insulating gasket, such as perlite, glass wool or rock.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 2 comporte des panneaux isolants secondaires 7 ayant au moins deux types de structure différents, par exemple les deux structures précitées, en fonction de leur zone d’implantation dans la cuve. Ainsi, dans certaines zones de la paroi 1 de cuve, les panneaux isolants secondaires 7 adjacents sont susceptibles de présenter des comportements différents lorsqu’ils sont soumis à des gradients thermiques, ce qui est susceptible d’amplifier les phénomènes de dénivelés entre les coins adjacents des panneaux isolants secondaires 7.  In another embodiment, the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 comprises secondary insulating panels 7 having at least two different types of structure, for example the two aforementioned structures, depending on their area of implantation in the tank. Thus, in certain areas of the wall 1 of the tank, the adjacent secondary insulating panels 7 are likely to exhibit different behavior when they are subjected to thermal gradients, which is likely to amplify the phenomena of difference in level between the adjacent corners. secondary insulation panels 7.
En revenant à la figure 1 , l’on observe que la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 4 comporte une nappe continue de virures 21 , métalliques, à bord relevés. Les virures 21 sont soudées par leurs bords relevés sur des supports de soudure parallèles qui sont fixés dans les rainures 20 ménagées sur les plaques de couvercle 10 des panneaux isolants secondaires 7. Les virures 21 sont, par exemple, réalisées en Invar ® : c’est-à-dire un alliage de fer et de nickel dont le coefficient de dilatation est typiquement compris entre 1 ,2.10 6 et 2.10 6 K 1. Returning to Figure 1, it is observed that the secondary sealing membrane 4 comprises a continuous sheet of strakes 21, metal, raised edge. The strakes 21 are welded by their raised edges on parallel welding supports which are fixed in the grooves 20 formed on the cover plates 10 of the secondary insulating panels 7. The strakes 21 are, for example, made of Invar ®: c ' that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel whose coefficient of expansion is typically between 1, 2.10 6 and 2.10 6 K 1 .
La barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 5 comporte une pluralité de panneaux isolants primaires 22 qui sont ancrés sur la structure porteuse 3 au moyen des dispositifs d’ancrage 8 précités. Les panneaux isolants primaires 22 présentent une forme générale parallélépipédique. En outre, ils présentent des dimensions identiques à celles des panneaux isolants primaires 22 à l’exception de leur épaisseur selon la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi 1 de cuve qui est susceptible d’être différente, et notamment plus faible. Chacun des panneaux isolants primaires 22 est positionné au droit de l’un des panneaux isolants secondaires 7, dans l’alignement de celui-ci selon la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi 1 de cuve. The primary thermally insulating barrier 5 comprises a plurality of primary insulating panels 22 which are anchored to the supporting structure 3 by means of the aforementioned anchoring devices 8. The primary insulating panels 22 have a parallelepipedal general shape. In addition, they have dimensions identical to those of the primary insulating panels 22 with the exception of their thickness in the direction of thickness of the wall 1 of tank which is likely to be different, and especially weaker. Each of the primary insulating panels 22 is positioned in line with one of the secondary insulating panels 7, in alignment with the latter in the direction of thickness of the wall 1 of the tank.
En relation avec la figure 6, l’on observe la structure d’un panneau isolant primaire 22 selon un mode de réalisation. Le panneau isolant primaire 22 présente une structure multicouche similaire à celle du panneau isolant secondaire 7 de la figure 5. Aussi, le panneau isolant primaire 22 comporte successivement une plaque de fond 23, une première couche de mousse polymère isolante 24, une plaque intermédiaire 25, une deuxième couche de mousse polymère isolante 26 et une plaque de couvercle 27. La mousse polymère isolante peut notamment être une mousse à base de polyuréthanne, optionnellement renforcée par des fibres.  In relation to FIG. 6, the structure of a primary insulating panel 22 according to one embodiment is observed. The primary insulating panel 22 has a multilayer structure similar to that of the secondary insulating panel 7 of FIG. 5. Also, the primary insulating panel 22 successively comprises a base plate 23, a first insulating polymer foam layer 24, an intermediate plate 25 , a second layer of insulating polymer foam 26 and a cover plate 27. The insulating polymer foam may in particular be a polyurethane foam, optionally reinforced with fibers.
Le panneau isolant primaire 22 comporte des évidements 28 au niveau de ses zone de coin de manière à ce que la plaque de fond 23 déborde par rapport à la première couche de mousse polymère isolante 24, à la plaque intermédiaire 25, à la deuxième couche de mousse polymère isolante 26 et à la plaque de couvercle 27. Ainsi, la plaque de fond 23 forme au niveau des zones de coin du panneau isolant primaire 22 une zone d’appui 29 destinée à coopérer avec une platine d’appui primaire 30 du dispositif d’ancrage 8. De façon non représentée, une cale peut être ajoutée sur la plaque de fond 23, ladite cale ayant une forme analogue à celle de la zone d’appui 29 et étant destinée à coopérer avec une platine d’appui primaire 30 du dispositif d’ancrage 8  The primary insulating panel 22 has recesses 28 at its corner area so that the bottom plate 23 overflows with respect to the first layer of insulating polymer foam 24, the intermediate plate 25, the second layer of insulating polymer foam 26 and cover plate 27. Thus, the bottom plate 23 forms at the corner areas of the primary insulating panel 22 a bearing zone 29 intended to cooperate with a primary bearing plate 30 of the device anchoring 8. In a manner not shown, a wedge can be added to the bottom plate 23, said wedge having a shape similar to that of the bearing zone 29 and being intended to cooperate with a primary bearing plate 30 of the anchoring device 8
La plaque de fond 23 comporte des rainures 31 destinées à recevoir les bords relevés des virures 21 de la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 4. La plaque de couvercle 27 comporte également des rainures 32 pour recevoir des supports de soudure.  The bottom plate 23 has grooves 31 for receiving the raised edges of the strakes 21 of the secondary sealing membrane 4. The cover plate 27 also has grooves 32 for receiving weld supports.
La structure du panneau isolant primaire 22 est décrite ci-dessus à titre d’exemple. Aussi, dans un autre mode de réalisation, les panneaux isolants primaires 22 sont susceptibles de présenter une autre structure générale, par exemple celle décrite dans le document WO2012/127141.  The structure of the primary insulating panel 22 is described above as an example. Also, in another embodiment, the primary insulating panels 22 are likely to have another general structure, for example that described in WO2012 / 127141.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 5 comporte des panneaux isolants primaires 22 ayant au moins deux types de structure différents, par exemple les deux structures précitées, en fonction de leur zone d’implantation dans la cuve. In another embodiment, the primary thermally insulating barrier 5 comprises primary insulating panels 22 having at least two types of different structure, for example the two aforementioned structures, depending on their area of implantation in the tank.
En revenant à la figure 1 , l’on observe que la membrane d’étanchéité primaire 6 comporte une nappe continue de virures 33 métalliques à bord relevés. Les virures 33 sont soudées par leurs bords relevés sur des supports de soudure parallèles qui sont fixés dans les rainures ménagées sur les plaques de couvercle 27 des panneaux isolants primaires 22.  Returning to FIG. 1, it can be seen that the primary waterproofing membrane 6 comprises a continuous sheet of metal strakes 33 with raised edges. The strakes 33 are welded by their raised edges to parallel welding supports which are fixed in the grooves provided on the cover plates 27 of the primary insulating panels 22.
Comme représenté sur la figure 2, les dispositifs d’ancrage 8 sont positionnés au niveau des quatre coins des panneaux isolants primaires 22 et secondaires 7. Chaque empilement d’un panneau isolant secondaire 7 et d’un panneau isolant primaire 22 est ancré à la structure porteuse 3 au moyen de quatre dispositifs d’ancrage 8. En outre, chaque dispositif d’ancrage 8 coopère avec les coins de quatre panneaux isolants secondaires 7 adjacents et avec les coins de quatre panneaux isolants primaires 22 adjacents.  As shown in FIG. 2, the anchoring devices 8 are positioned at the four corners of the primary and secondary insulating panels 22 and 7. Each stack of a secondary insulating panel 7 and a primary insulating panel 22 is anchored to the carrier structure 3 by means of four anchoring devices 8. In addition, each anchoring device 8 cooperates with the corners of four adjacent secondary insulating panels 7 and with the corners of four adjacent insulating panels 22.
En relation avec les figures 2 à 4, l’on observe la structure d’un dispositif d’ancrage 8 selon un premier mode de réalisation.  In relation to FIGS. 2 to 4, the structure of an anchoring device 8 according to a first embodiment is observed.
Le dispositif d’ancrage 8 comporte une douille 34 dont la base est soudée à la structure porteuse 3 en une position qui correspond à un dégagement au niveau des zones de coin de quatre panneaux isolants secondaires 7 adjacents. La douille 34 loge un écrou 35, représenté sur la figure 4, dans lequel vient se visser l’extrémité inférieure d’une tige 15. La tige 15 passe entre les panneaux isolants primaires 22 adjacents.  The anchoring device 8 comprises a bushing 34 whose base is welded to the supporting structure 3 in a position corresponding to a clearance at the corner zones of four adjacent secondary insulating panels 7. The sleeve 34 houses a nut 35, shown in Figure 4, in which is screwed the lower end of a rod 15. The rod 15 passes between the adjacent primary insulating panels 22.
La tige 15 passe au travers d’un alésage ménagé dans un bouchon isolant 36 destiné à assurer une continuité de l’isolation thermique secondaire au niveau du dispositif d’ancrage 8. Le bouchon isolant 36 présente, selon un plan orthogonal à la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi 1 de cuve, une section en forme de croix qui est définie par quatre branches. Chacune des quatre branches est insérée dans un interstice ménagé entre deux des quatre panneaux isolants secondaires 7 adjacents.  The rod 15 passes through a bore formed in an insulating plug 36 intended to ensure a continuity of the secondary thermal insulation at the anchoring device 8. The insulating plug 36 has, in a plane orthogonal to the direction of the thickness of the tank wall 1, a cross-shaped section which is defined by four branches. Each of the four branches is inserted in a gap formed between two of the four adjacent secondary insulating panels 7.
Le dispositif d’ancrage 8 comporte en outre une platine d’appui secondaire 17 qui est en appui en direction de la structure porteuse 3 contre la zone d’appui 16 ménagée dans chacun des quatre panneaux isolants secondaires 7 adjacents afin de les retenir contre la structure porteuse 3. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, la platine d’appui secondaire 17 est logé dans le deuxième évidement 54 ménagé dans la deuxième couche de mousse polymère isolante 12 de chacun des panneaux isolants secondaires 7 et est en appui contre une zone de la plaque intermédiaire 9 qui forme la zone d’appui. The anchoring device 8 further comprises a secondary support plate 17 which bears in the direction of the supporting structure 3 against the bearing zone 16 formed in each of the four adjacent secondary insulating panels 7 in order to to retain them against the supporting structure 3. In the embodiment shown, the secondary support plate 17 is housed in the second recess 54 formed in the second layer of insulating polymer foam 12 of each of the secondary insulating panels 7 and is supported against an area of the intermediate plate 9 which forms the bearing zone.
Un écrou 37 coopère avec un filetage ménagé au niveau de l’extrémité supérieure de la tige 15 de manière à assurer une retenue de la platine d’appui secondaire 17 sur la tige 15.  A nut 37 cooperates with a thread formed at the upper end of the rod 15 so as to ensure retention of the secondary support plate 17 on the rod 15.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, le dispositif d’ancrage 8 comporte en outre une ou plusieurs rondelles élastiques 38, de type Belleville. Les rondelles élastiques 38 sont enfilées sur la tige 15 entre l’écrou 37 et la platine d’appui secondaire 17, ce qui permet d’assurer un ancrage élastique des panneaux isolants secondaires 7 sur la structure porteuse 3. En outre, de manière avantageuse, un organe de verrouillage 39 est soudé localement sur l’extrémité supérieure de la tige 15, de manière à fixer en position l’écrou 37 sur la tige 15.  In the embodiment shown, the anchoring device 8 further comprises one or more elastic washers 38, Belleville type. The spring washers 38 are threaded onto the rod 15 between the nut 37 and the secondary support plate 17, which makes it possible to ensure elastic anchoring of the secondary insulating panels 7 on the supporting structure 3. In addition, advantageously , a locking member 39 is welded locally to the upper end of the rod 15, so as to fix the nut 37 in position on the rod 15.
Le dispositif d’ancrage 8 comporte en outre une plaque de répartition des efforts 19, une platine supérieure 40 et une entretoise 41 qui sont fixées à la platine d’appui secondaire 17.  The anchoring device 8 further comprises a force distribution plate 19, an upper plate 40 and a spacer 41 which are fixed to the secondary support plate 17.
La plaque de répartition des efforts 19 est logée dans chacun des lamages 18 ménagés dans les plaques de couvercle 10 des quatre panneaux isolants secondaires 7 adjacents. La plaque de répartition des efforts 19 est donc positionnée entre les plaques de couvercle 10 de chacun des quatre panneaux isolants secondaire et la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 4. La plaque de répartition des efforts 19 vise à atténuer les phénomènes de dénivelés entre les coins des panneaux isolants secondaires 7 adjacents. Aussi, la plaque de répartition des efforts 19 permet de répartir les contraintes susceptibles de s’exercer sur la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 4 et les panneaux isolants primaires 22 au droit des zones de coin des panneaux isolants secondaires 7. Dès lors, la plaque de répartition des efforts 19 permet de limiter les phénomènes de poinçonnement des plaques de fond 23 des panneaux isolants primaires 22 et de poinçonnement et de tassement des couches de mousse polymère isolante 24, 26 des panneaux isolants primaires 22 au droit des zones de coin des panneaux isolants secondaires 7. La plaque de répartition des efforts 19 est avantageusement réalisée dans un métal choisi parmi l’acier inoxydable, les alliages de fer et de nickel, tel que l’invar, dont le coefficient de dilatation est typiquement compris entre 1 ,2.106 et 2.10 6 K-1 et les alliages de fer et de manganèse dont le coefficient de dilatation est inférieur à 2.10 5 K 1, typiquement de l’ordre de 7.106 K 1. La plaque de répartition des efforts 19 présente une épaisseur comprise entre 1 et 7 mm, de préférence comprise entre 2 et 4 mm, par exemple de l’ordre de 3 mm La plaque de répartition des efforts 19 présente avantageusement une forme carrée dont la dimension d’un côté est comprise entre 100 et 250 mm, par exemple de l’ordre de 150 mm. The force distribution plate 19 is housed in each of the countersinks 18 formed in the cover plates 10 of the four adjacent secondary insulating panels 7. The force distribution plate 19 is thus positioned between the cover plates 10 of each of the four secondary insulating panels and the secondary sealing membrane 4. The distribution plate of the forces 19 aims at attenuating the phenomena of difference in level between the corners of the secondary insulating panels 7 adjacent. Also, the distribution plate of the forces 19 makes it possible to distribute the stresses likely to be exerted on the secondary waterproofing membrane 4 and the primary insulating panels 22 to the right of the corner zones of the secondary insulating panels 7. Therefore, the plate the distribution of the forces 19 makes it possible to limit the punching phenomena of the bottom plates 23 of the primary insulating panels 22 and of punching and compacting of the insulating polymer foam layers 24, 26 of the primary insulating panels 22 to the right of the corner zones of the panels secondary insulators 7. The force distribution plate 19 is advantageously made of a metal chosen from stainless steel, iron and nickel alloys, such as invar, whose coefficient of expansion is typically between 1, 2.10 6 and 2.10 6. K -1 and iron and manganese alloys whose expansion coefficient is less than 2.10 5 K 1 , typically of the order of 7.10 6 K 1 . The force distribution plate 19 has a thickness of between 1 and 7 mm, preferably between 2 and 4 mm, for example of the order of 3 mm. The distribution plate 19 advantageously has a square shape whose size on one side is between 100 and 250 mm, for example of the order of 150 mm.
La platine supérieure 40 est disposée en-dessous de la plaque de répartition des efforts 19 et présente des dimensions inférieures à celle de la plaque de répartition des efforts 19 de sorte que la plaque de répartition des efforts 19 recouvre intégralement la platine supérieure 40. La platine supérieure 40 est logée dans les évidements 54 ménagés dans les zones de coin des panneaux isolants secondaires 7, au droit des zones d’appui 16, c’est-à-dire dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 5, dans les évidements 54 ménagés dans la seconde couche de mousse polymère isolante 12 des panneaux isolants secondaires 7.  The upper plate 40 is disposed below the force distribution plate 19 and has dimensions smaller than that of the force distribution plate 19 so that the force distribution plate 19 completely covers the upper plate 40. upper plate 40 is housed in the recesses 54 formed in the corner zones of the secondary insulating panels 7, to the right of the bearing zones 16, that is to say in the embodiment shown in FIG. recesses 54 formed in the second insulating polymer foam layer 12 of the secondary insulating panels 7.
La platine supérieure 40 présente un alésage fileté 42 dans lequel est montée une embase filetée d’un goujon 43 destiné à l’ancrage des panneaux isolants primaires 22. Afin de permettre la fixation du goujon 42 à la platine supérieure 40, la plaque de répartition des efforts 19 comporte également un alésage, ménagé en regard de l’alésage fileté de la platine supérieure 40, et permettant ainsi au goujon 43 de passer au travers de la plaque de répartition des efforts 19.  The upper plate 40 has a threaded bore 42 in which is mounted a threaded base of a stud 43 for anchoring the primary insulating panels 22. In order to allow the fixing of the stud 42 to the upper plate 40, the distribution plate stresses 19 also comprises a bore, formed opposite the threaded bore of the upper plate 40, and thus allowing the stud 43 to pass through the distribution plate efforts 19.
La platine supérieure 40 présente une forme générale de parallélépipède rectangle comprenant deux grandes faces opposés qui sont parallèle à la structure porteuse 3 de la paroi 1 et quatre faces qui relient les deux grandes faces et s’étendent parallèlement à la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi 1 de cuve. Dans le mode de réalisation illustré sur les figures 2 à 4, les quatre faces qui s’étendent parallèlement à la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi 1 de cuve sont reliées par des congés 44. Ceci permet d’éviter la présence d’angle vif et contribue à limiter encore davantage les phénomènes de poinçonnement des plaques de fond 23 des panneaux isolants primaires 22 en limitant les concentrations de contraintes. Dans un mode de réalisation, la platine supérieure 40 et la plaque de répartition des efforts 19 sont formées en une seule pièce monobloc. Un tel élément est représenté en coupe sur la figure 9. The upper plate 40 has a general rectangular parallelepipedal shape comprising two large opposite faces which are parallel to the supporting structure 3 of the wall 1 and four faces which connect the two large faces and extend parallel to the thickness direction of the wall 1 of tank. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4, the four faces which extend parallel to the thickness direction of the wall 1 of the tank are connected by fillets 44. This makes it possible to avoid the presence of an angle. and further contributes to further limiting the punching phenomena of the bottom plates 23 of the primary insulating panels 22 by limiting the stress concentrations. In one embodiment, the upper plate 40 and the force distribution plate 19 are formed in one piece. Such an element is shown in section in FIG.
L’entretoise 41 est disposée entre la platine d’appui secondaire 17 et la platine supérieure et sert ainsi à maintenir un écartement entre la platine d’appui secondaire 17 et la platine supérieure 40. Dans le mode de réalisation illustré sur les figures 2 à 4, l’entretoise 41 présente des chanfreins 45 afin de rentrer dans l’encombrement, vue selon la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi 1 de cuve, de la platine supérieure 40. En d’autres termes, la platine supérieure 40 recouvre intégralement l’entretoise 41.  The spacer 41 is disposed between the secondary support plate 17 and the upper plate and thus serves to maintain a spacing between the secondary support plate 17 and the upper plate 40. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 4, the spacer 41 has chamfers 45 in order to fit into the space, seen in the direction of thickness of the wall 1 of the tank, of the upper plate 40. In other words, the upper plate 40 completely covers the spacer 41.
L’entretoise 41 est avantageusement en bois ce qui permet de limiter le pont thermique vers la structure porteuse 3 au niveau du dispositif d’ancrage 8. L’entretoise 41 présente une forme de U inversé de manière à définir entre les deux branches du U un logement central 46. Le logement central 46 reçoit l’extrémité supérieure de la tige 15, l’organe de verrouillage 39, l’écrou 37 et les rondelles élastiques 38. L’entretoise 41 est également logée dans l’évidement 15 ménagé, au droit de la surface d’appui 16.  The spacer 41 is advantageously made of wood, which makes it possible to limit the thermal bridge towards the supporting structure 3 at the level of the anchoring device 8. The spacer 41 has an inverted U shape so as to define between the two branches of the U a central housing 46. The central housing 46 receives the upper end of the rod 15, the locking member 39, the nut 37 and the spring washers 38. The spacer 41 is also housed in the recess 15 formed, at the right of the support surface 16.
L’organe de verrouillage 39 présente une forme carré ou rectangulaire dont la diagonale présente une dimension supérieure à la dimension du logement central 46 entre les deux branches du U, ce qui permet de bloquer en rotation la tige 15 par rapport à l’entretoise 39 et évite ainsi à la tige 15 de se désengager de l’écrou 35.  The locking member 39 has a square or rectangular shape whose diagonal has a dimension greater than the dimension of the central housing 46 between the two branches of the U, which allows to lock in rotation the rod 15 relative to the spacer 39 and thus prevents the rod 15 from disengaging from the nut 35.
Afin de fixer la plaque de répartition des efforts 19, la platine supérieure 40, l’entretoise 41 et la platine d’appui secondaire 17 les uns aux autres, les éléments précités sont chacun pourvus de deux alésages au travers de chacun desquels passe une vis 47, 48. Les alésages ménagés dans la platine d’appui secondaire 17 présentent chacun un filetage coopérant avec l’une des vis 47, 48 de manière à assurer la fixation des éléments précités les uns aux autres.  In order to fix the force distribution plate 19, the upper plate 40, the spacer 41 and the secondary support plate 17 to each other, the aforementioned elements are each provided with two bores through each of which passes a screw 47, 48. The bores in the secondary support plate 17 each have a thread cooperating with one of the screws 47, 48 so as to ensure the attachment of the aforementioned elements to each other.
Par ailleurs, le goujon 43 traverse un perçage ménagé au travers d’une virure 21 de la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 4. Le goujon 43 présente une collerette 49 qui est soudée à sa périphérie, autour du perçage, pour assurer l’étanchéité de la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 4. La membrane d’étanchéité secondaire est donc prise en sandwich entre la collerette 49 du goujon 43 et la plaque de répartition des efforts 19. Moreover, the stud 43 passes through a bore formed through a strake 21 of the secondary sealing membrane 4. The stud 43 has a flange 49 which is welded at its periphery, around the bore, to ensure the tightness of the secondary waterproofing membrane 4. The secondary waterproofing membrane is therefore sandwiched between the flange 49 of the stud 43 and the force distribution plate 19.
Le dispositif d’ancrage 8 comporte également une platine d’appui primaire 30 qui est en appui en direction de la structure porteuse 3 sur une zone d’appui 29 ménagée dans chacun des quatre panneaux isolants primaires 22 adjacents de manière à les retenir contre la structure porteuse 3. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, chaque zone d’appui 29 est formée par une partie débordante de la plaque de fond 23 de l’un des panneaux isolants primaires 22. La platine d’appui primaire 30 est logée dans les évidements 28 ménagés dans les zones de coin des panneaux isolants primaires 22, au droit des zones d’appui 29.  The anchoring device 8 also comprises a primary bearing plate 30 which bears in the direction of the supporting structure 3 on a bearing zone 29 formed in each of the four adjacent primary insulating panels 22 so as to retain them against the 3. In the embodiment shown, each bearing zone 29 is formed by a portion protruding from the bottom plate 23 of one of the primary insulating panels 22. The primary bearing plate 30 is housed in the recesses 28 formed in the corner areas of the primary insulating panels 22, to the right of the support zones 29.
Un écrou 50 coopère avec un filetage ménagé au niveau de l’extrémité supérieure du goujon 43 de manière à assurer la fixation de la platine d’appui primaire 30 sur le goujon 43. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, le dispositif d’ancrage 8 comporte en outre une ou plusieurs rondelles élastiques 51 , de type Belleville, qui sont enfilées sur le goujon 43 entre l’écrou 50 et la platine d’appui primaire 30, ce qui permet d’assurer un ancrage élastique des panneaux isolants primaires 22 sur la structure porteuse 3.  A nut 50 cooperates with a thread formed at the upper end of the bolt 43 so as to ensure the attachment of the primary bearing plate 30 on the stud 43. In the embodiment shown, the anchoring device 8 further comprises one or more elastic washers 51, Belleville type, which are threaded on the stud 43 between the nut 50 and the primary bearing plate 30, which ensures an elastic anchoring of the primary insulating panels 22 on the supporting structure 3.
Par ailleurs, un bouchon isolant 52, illustré sur la figure 4, est inséré au- dessus du dispositif d’ancrage 8 dans les évidements 28 ménagés au niveau des zones de coin de quatre panneaux isolants primaires 22 adjacents de manière à assurer une continuité de la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 5 au niveau du dispositif d’ancrage 8. En outre, une plaque de fermeture 53, en bois, illustrée sur la figure 4 permet d’assurer une planéité de la surface de support de la membrane d’étanchéité primaire 6. La plaque de fermeture 53 est reçue dans des lamages ménagés au niveau des zones de coin des panneaux isolants primaires 22.  Furthermore, an insulating plug 52, illustrated in FIG. 4, is inserted above the anchoring device 8 in the recesses 28 formed at the corner zones of four adjacent primary insulating panels 22 so as to ensure a continuity of the primary thermally insulating barrier 5 at the anchoring device 8. In addition, a closure plate 53, made of wood, illustrated in FIG. 4 ensures a flatness of the support surface of the primary waterproofing membrane. 6. The closure plate 53 is received in countersinks at the corner regions of the primary insulating panels 22.
La figure 7 illustre un dispositif d’ancrage 8 selon une autre variante de réalisation. Ce dispositif d’ancrage 8 diffère du dispositif d’ancrage 8 décrit et illustré en relation avec les figures 2 à 4 en ce que la platine supérieure 40 comme l’entretoise 41 présentent une section, dans un plan orthogonal à la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi 1 de cuve, dépourvue de congés et de chanfreins, ce qui permet de faciliter leur fabrication. En référence à la figure 8, une vue écorchée d’un navire méthanier 70 montre une cuve étanche et isolée 71 de forme générale prismatique montée dans la double coque 72 du navire. La paroi de la cuve 71 comporte une barrière étanche primaire destinée à être en contact avec le GNL contenu dans la cuve, une barrière étanche secondaire agencée entre la barrière étanche primaire et la double coque 72 du navire, et deux barrières isolante agencées respectivement entre la barrière étanche primaire et la barrière étanche secondaire et entre la barrière étanche secondaire et la double coque 72. FIG. 7 illustrates an anchoring device 8 according to another variant embodiment. This anchoring device 8 differs from the anchoring device 8 described and illustrated in relation to FIGS. 2 to 4 in that the upper plate 40 as the spacer 41 have a section, in a plane orthogonal to the thickness direction of the tank wall 1, devoid of leaves and chamfers, which facilitates their manufacture. Referring to Figure 8, a cutaway view of a LNG tank 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship. The wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary sealed barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary sealed barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double hull 72.
De manière connue en soi, des canalisations de chargement/déchargement 73 disposées sur le pont supérieur du navire peuvent être raccordées, au moyen de connecteurs appropriées, à un terminal maritime ou portuaire pour transférer une cargaison de GNL depuis ou vers la cuve 71 .  In a manner known per se, loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a marine or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
La figure 8 représente un exemple de terminal maritime comportant un poste de chargement et de déchargement 75, une conduite sous-marine 76 et une installation à terre 77. Le poste de chargement et de déchargement 75 est une installation fixe off-shore comportant un bras mobile 74 et une tour 78 qui supporte le bras mobile 74. Le bras mobile 74 porte un faisceau de tuyaux flexibles isolés 79 pouvant se connecter aux canalisations de chargement/déchargement 73. Le bras mobile 74 orientable s'adapte à tous les gabarits de méthaniers. Une conduite de liaison non représentée s'étend à l'intérieur de la tour 78. Le poste de chargement et de déchargement 75 permet le chargement et le déchargement du méthanier 70 depuis ou vers l'installation à terre 77. Celle-ci comporte des cuves de stockage de gaz liquéfié 80 et des conduites de liaison 81 reliées par la conduite sous-marine 76 au poste de chargement ou de déchargement 75. La conduite sous-marine 76 permet le transfert du gaz liquéfié entre le poste de chargement ou de déchargement 75 et l'installation à terre 77 sur une grande distance, par exemple 5 km, ce qui permet de garder le navire méthanier 70 à grande distance de la côte pendant les opérations de chargement et de déchargement.  FIG. 8 represents an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77. The loading and unloading station 75 is an off-shore fixed installation comprising an arm mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74. The movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 that can connect to the loading / unloading pipes 73. The movable arm 74 can be adapted to all gauges of LNG carriers . A connection pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78. The loading and unloading station 75 enables the loading and unloading of the LNG tank 70 from or to the shore facility 77. liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting lines 81 connected by the underwater line 76 to the loading or unloading station 75. The underwater line 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore installation 77 over a large distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the tanker vessel 70 at great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
Pour engendrer la pression nécessaire au transfert du gaz liquéfié, on met en œuvre des pompes embarquées dans le navire 70 et/ou des pompes équipant l'installation à terre 77 et/ou des pompes équipant le poste de chargement et de déchargement 75. Bien que l'invention ait été décrite en liaison avec plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers, il est bien évident qu'elle n'y est nullement limitée et qu'elle comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci entrent dans le cadre de l'invention. In order to generate the pressure necessary for the transfer of the liquefied gas, pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps equipping the shore installation 77 and / or pumps equipping the loading and unloading station 75 are used. Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is not limited thereto and that it comprises all the technical equivalents of the means described and their combinations if they are within the scope of the invention.
L’usage du verbe « comporter », « comprendre » ou « inclure » et de ses formes conjuguées n’exclut pas la présence d’autres éléments ou d’autres étapes que ceux énoncés dans une revendication.  The use of the verb "to include", "to understand" or "to include" and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps other than those set out in a claim.
Dans les revendications, tout signe de référence entre parenthèses ne saurait être interprété comme une limitation de la revendication.  In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses can not be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante de stockage d’un fluide comportant une paroi (1 ) de cuve présentant successivement dans une direction d’épaisseur de la paroi (1 ) de cuve, depuis l’extérieur vers l’intérieur de la cuve, une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire (2) qui est ancrée à une structure porteuse (3), une membrane d’étanchéité secondaire (4) qui repose contre la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire (2), une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire (5) reposant contre la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire (4) et une membrane d’étanchéité primaire (6) qui repose contre la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire (5) et est destinée à être en contact avec le fluide contenu dans la cuve , dans laquelle la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire (2) comprend des panneaux isolants secondaires (7) de forme parallélépipédique qui sont juxtaposés sur la structure porteuse (3) et qui présentent chacun une plaque de couvercle (10) définissant une surface de support pour la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire (4) ; la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire (5) comportant des panneaux isolants primaires (22) qui sont chacun superposés sur l’un des panneaux isolants secondaires (7), 1. Sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid comprising a tank wall (1) successively in a thickness direction of the tank wall (1), from the outside to the inside of the tank, a secondary heat-insulating barrier (2) which is anchored to a supporting structure (3), a secondary sealing membrane (4) which rests against the secondary heat-insulating barrier (2), a primary heat-insulating barrier (5) against the secondary sealing membrane (4) and a primary sealing membrane (6) which rests against the primary heat-insulating barrier (5) and is intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the tank, in which the thermal barrier secondary insulation (2) comprises secondary insulating panels (7) of parallelepipedal shape which are juxtaposed on the supporting structure (3) and which each have a cover plate the (10) defining a support surface for the secondary sealing membrane (4); the primary thermally insulating barrier (5) having primary insulating panels (22) which are each superimposed on one of the secondary insulating panels (7),
dans laquelle des dispositifs d’ancrage (8) sont fixés à la structure porteuse (3) entre les panneaux isolants et coopèrent avec lesdits panneaux isolants afin de les retenir contre la structure porteuse (3) ; wherein anchoring devices (8) are attached to the supporting structure (3) between the insulating panels and cooperate with said insulating panels to retain them against the supporting structure (3);
dans laquelle au moins un des dispositifs d’ancrage (8) comporte : in which at least one of the anchoring devices (8) comprises:
- une tige (15) qui est fixée à la structure porteuse (3) entre au moins deux zones de coin adjacentes d’au moins deux panneaux isolants secondaires (7) adjacents ; - a rod (15) which is fixed to the supporting structure (3) between at least two adjacent corner areas of at least two adjacent secondary insulating panels (7);
- une platine d’appui secondaire (17) qui est montée sur la tige (15) et qui est maintenue en appui en direction de la structure porteuse (3) contre une zone d’appui (16) de chacun desdits panneaux isolants secondaires (7) adjacents de manière à les retenir vers la structure porteuse (3) ; et - a secondary support plate (17) which is mounted on the rod (15) and which is supported in the direction of the supporting structure (3) against a bearing zone (16) of each of said secondary insulating panels ( 7) adjacent to retain them to the supporting structure (3); and
- une platine supérieure (40) qui est fixée à la platine d’appui secondaire (17) ; - an upper plate (40) which is fixed to the secondary support plate (17);
- une entretoise (41 ) qui est fixée à la platine d’appui secondaire (17) et est disposée entre la platine d’appui secondaire (17) et la platine supérieure (40) ; - un goujon (43) qui traverse de manière étanche la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire (4), le goujon (43) étant fixé à la platine supérieure (40) ; et - a spacer (41) which is fixed to the secondary support plate (17) and is disposed between the secondary support plate (17) and the upper plate (40); - a stud (43) which tightly crosses the secondary sealing membrane (4), the stud (43) being fixed to the upper plate (40); and
- une platine d’appui primaire (30) qui est montée sur le goujon (43) et qui est maintenue en appui en direction de la structure porteuse (3) contre une zone d’appui (29) de chacun des panneaux isolants primaires (22) adjacents de manière à les retenir vers la structure porteuse (3) ; ladite cuve étant caractérisée en ce que ledit dispositif d’ancrage (8) comporte en outre une plaque de répartition des efforts (19) qui est fixée à la plaque d’appui secondaire (17) et qui est disposée, dans la zone de coin de chacun desdits panneaux isolants secondaires (7) adjacents, entre la plaque de couvercle (10) dudit panneau isolant secondaire (7) et la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire (4) ; la platine supérieure (40) étant disposée entre l'entretoise (41 ) et la plaque de répartition des efforts (19), le goujon (43) passant au travers d’un alésage ménagé dans la plaque de répartition des efforts (19).  - a primary bearing plate (30) which is mounted on the stud (43) and which is supported in the direction of the supporting structure (3) against a bearing zone (29) of each of the primary insulating panels ( 22) adjacent to retain them to the supporting structure (3); said vessel being characterized in that said anchoring device (8) further comprises a force distribution plate (19) which is fixed to the secondary support plate (17) and which is arranged in the corner zone each of said adjacent secondary insulating panels (7) between the cover plate (10) of said secondary insulating board (7) and the secondary sealing membrane (4); the upper plate (40) being disposed between the spacer (41) and the force distribution plate (19), the stud (43) passing through a bore in the force distribution plate (19).
2. Cuve selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle la tige (15) est fixée à la structure porteuse (3) entre quatre zones de coins adjacentes de quatre panneaux isolants secondaires (7) adjacents et dans laquelle la plaque de répartition des efforts (19) est disposée, dans la zone de coin de chacun des quatre panneaux isolants secondaires (7) adjacents. 2. A tank according to claim 1, wherein the rod (15) is fixed to the supporting structure (3) between four adjacent corner areas of four adjacent secondary insulating panels (7) and in which the distribution plate (19) ) is disposed in the corner area of each of the four adjacent secondary insulating panels (7).
3. Cuve selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle les panneaux isolants (7) comportent un lamage (18) et dans laquelle la plaque de répartition des efforts (19) est logée dans l’un des lamages (18) de chacun des panneaux isolants secondaires (7) adjacents de manière à affleurer au niveau de la surface de support définie par la plaque de couvercle (10).  3. Tank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the insulating panels (7) comprise a counterbore (18) and wherein the force distribution plate (19) is housed in one of the countersinks (18) of each of the secondary insulating panels (7) adjacent to flush with the support surface defined by the cover plate (10).
4. Cuve selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle la plaque de répartition des efforts (19) est réalisée dans un matériau choisi parmi l’acier inoxydable, les alliages de fer et de nickel dont le coefficient de dilatation est compris entre 1 ,2.10·® et 2.10·® K 1 et les alliages de fer et de manganèse dont le coefficient de dilatation est inférieur à 2.105 K-1. 4. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the force distribution plate (19) is made of a material selected from stainless steel, alloys of iron and nickel whose expansion coefficient is between 1, 2.10 · ® and 2.10 · ® K 1 and iron and manganese alloys whose expansion coefficient is less than 2.10 5 K -1 .
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP
5. Cuve selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle le dispositif d’ancrage (8) comporte un écrou (37) qui coopère avec une extrémité filetée de la tige (15) et une ou plusieurs rondelles élastiques (38) enfilées sur la tige (15) entre l’écrou (37) et la platine d’appui secondaire (17) de manière à exercer un effort élastique plaquant ladite platine d’appui (17) contre la zone d’appui (16) de chacun des quatre panneaux isolants secondaires (7) adjacents. 5. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the anchoring device (8) comprises a nut (37) which cooperates with a threaded end of the rod (15) and one or more spring washers (38). ) threaded on the rod (15) between the nut (37) and the secondary support plate (17) so as to exert an elastic force pressing said support plate (17) against the bearing zone (16) of each of the four adjacent secondary insulating panels (7).
6. Cuve selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle les panneaux isolants secondaires (7) comportent au niveau de leurs zones de coin, un évidement (54) ménagé au droit de la zone d’appui (16), chaque platine d’appui secondaire (17) étant reçue dans l’évidement (54) de chacun des panneaux isolants secondaires (7) adjacents.  6. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the secondary insulating panels (7) comprise at their corner areas, a recess (54) formed in line with the bearing zone (16), each secondary support plate (17) being received in the recess (54) of each of the adjacent secondary insulating panels (7).
7. Cuve selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans laquelle au moins un des panneaux isolants secondaires (7) comporte une plaque de fond (8) reposant contre la structure porteuse (3), une plaque intermédiaire (9) disposée entre la plaque de fond (8) et la plaque de couvercle (10), une première couche de mousse polymère isolante (1 1 ) prise en sandwich entre la plaque de fond (8) et la plaque intermédiaire (9) et une deuxième couche de mousse polymère isolante (12) prise en sandwich entre la plaque intermédiaire (9) et la plaque de couvercle (10).  7. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least one of the secondary insulating panels (7) comprises a bottom plate (8) resting against the supporting structure (3), an intermediate plate (9) arranged between the bottom plate (8) and the cover plate (10), a first layer of insulating polymer foam (1 1) sandwiched between the bottom plate (8) and the intermediate plate (9) and a second layer insulating polymer foam (12) sandwiched between the intermediate plate (9) and the cover plate (10).
8. Cuve selon la revendication 7 prise en combinaison avec la revendication 6, dans laquelle les évidements (54) sont ménagés dans la deuxième couche de mousse polymère isolante (12) de manière à ce que la plaque intermédiaire (9) déborde par rapport à la deuxième couche de mousse polymère isolante (12) et ménage ainsi l’une des zones d’appui (16).  8. A tank according to claim 7 taken in combination with claim 6, wherein the recesses (54) are formed in the second layer of insulating polymer foam (12) so that the intermediate plate (9) overflows with respect to the second layer of insulating polymer foam (12) and thus provides one of the support zones (16).
9. Cuve selon la revendication 7 ou 8, dans laquelle la première couche de mousse polymère isolante (1 1 ) présente, dans chacune des zones de coin du panneau isolant secondaire (7), une découpe logeant un pilier (13) qui s’étend entre la plaque de fond (8) et la plaque intermédiaire (9).  9. Tank according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the first layer of insulating polymer foam (1 1) has, in each of the corner areas of the secondary insulating panel (7), a cut-out housing a pillar (13) which extends between the bottom plate (8) and the intermediate plate (9).
10. Cuve selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans laquelle la plaque de répartition des efforts (19) et la platine supérieure (40) forment une seule pièce métallique. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the force distribution plate (19) and the upper plate (40) form a single metal part.
1 1. Cuve selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans laquelle la platine supérieure (40) comporte deux faces orthogonales à la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi (1 ) de cuve qui sont reliées l’une à l’autre par des faces s’étendant parallèlement à la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi (1 ) de cuve ; lesdites faces qui s’étendent parallèlement à la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi (1 ) de cuve étant raccordées les unes aux autres par des congés (44). 1. A vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the upper plate (40) has two faces orthogonal to the thickness direction of the wall (1) of the tank which are connected to one another. other by faces extending parallel to the direction of thickness of the wall (1) of the tank; said faces which extend parallel to the thickness direction of the vessel wall (1) being connected to each other by fillets (44).
12. Cuve selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 1 1 , dans laquelle les entretoises (41 ) comportent des chanfreins (45).  12. Tank according to any one of claims 1 to 1 1, wherein the spacers (41) comprise chamfers (45).
13. Navire (70) pour le transport d’un fluide, le navire comportant une double coque (72) et une cuve (71 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12 disposée dans la double coque (72).  13. Vessel (70) for the transport of a fluid, the vessel having a double hull (72) and a tank (71) according to any one of claims 1 to 12 disposed in the double hull (72).
14. Système de transfert pour un fluide, le système comportant un navire (70) selon la revendication 13, des canalisations isolées (73, 79, 76, 81 ) agencées de manière à relier la cuve (71 ) installée dans la coque du navire à une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre (77) et une pompe pour entraîner un fluide à travers les canalisations isolées depuis ou vers l’installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve du navire.  14. Transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising a ship (70) according to claim 13, insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81) arranged to connect the tank (71) installed in the hull of the ship. at a floating or land storage facility (77) and a pump for driving fluid through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel vessel.
15. Procédé de chargement ou déchargement d’un navire (70) selon la revendication 13, dans lequel on achemine un fluide à travers des canalisations isolées (73, 79, 76, 81 ) depuis ou vers une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre (77) vers ou depuis la cuve du navire (71 ).  A method of loading or unloading a vessel (70) according to claim 13, wherein a fluid is conveyed through insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81) to or from a floating or land storage facility ( 77) to or from the vessel vessel (71).
PCT/FR2018/053064 2017-12-04 2018-11-30 Thermally insulating sealed tank WO2019110894A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020207019246A KR102512422B1 (en) 2017-12-04 2018-11-30 insulated sealed tank
CN201880078331.3A CN111433509B (en) 2017-12-04 2018-11-30 Heat insulation sealing tank

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1761614 2017-12-04
FR1761614A FR3074560B1 (en) 2017-12-04 2017-12-04 WATERPROOF AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019110894A1 true WO2019110894A1 (en) 2019-06-13

Family

ID=61187494

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FR2018/053064 WO2019110894A1 (en) 2017-12-04 2018-11-30 Thermally insulating sealed tank

Country Status (4)

Country Link
KR (1) KR102512422B1 (en)
CN (1) CN111433509B (en)
FR (1) FR3074560B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2019110894A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021239712A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2021-12-02 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Anchoring device intended to retain insulating blocks
FR3121730A1 (en) 2021-04-09 2022-10-14 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Anchoring device intended to retain insulating blocks
FR3128003A1 (en) 2021-10-08 2023-04-14 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Anchoring device intended to retain insulating blocks
RU2807228C1 (en) * 2020-05-26 2023-11-13 Газтранспорт Эт Технигаз Anchoring device designed to hold insulating blocks
CN117662969A (en) * 2024-01-31 2024-03-08 中太(苏州)氢能源科技有限公司 Protection system, installation method thereof and storage tank

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117028827A (en) * 2023-10-09 2023-11-10 中太海碳(上海)环保科技有限公司 Fixing module of low-temperature film storage container and low-temperature film storage container
CN117048799B (en) * 2023-10-13 2024-02-09 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 Construction method of thin film type enclosure system
CN117048777B (en) * 2023-10-13 2024-02-09 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 Film type enclosure system structure

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2413260A1 (en) * 1977-12-29 1979-07-27 Gaz Transport Sealed thermally insulated vessel forming part of ship - has insulating components of cellular material with solid plates on inside
EP0064886A1 (en) * 1981-04-30 1982-11-17 Gaz-Transport Fluid-tight and heat-insulating tank integrated in a ship's hull structure
WO2012127141A1 (en) 2011-03-23 2012-09-27 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Insulating element for a sealed and thermally insulating tank wall
WO2013004944A1 (en) * 2011-07-06 2013-01-10 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Thermally-insulating sealed tank
KR20130045701A (en) * 2011-10-26 2013-05-06 대우조선해양 주식회사 Insulation box fixing apparatus for cargo containment and its fixing method
WO2014096600A1 (en) 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Sealed, thermally insulating vessel
FR3004512A1 (en) * 2013-04-15 2014-10-17 Gaztransp Et Technigaz SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2798902B1 (en) * 1999-09-29 2001-11-23 Gaz Transport & Technigaz WATERPROOF AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK INTEGRATED INTO A VESSEL CARRIER STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING INSULATING BOXES FOR USE IN THIS TANK
FR2867831B1 (en) * 2004-03-17 2006-05-19 Gaz Transport & Technigaz WOOD-SUPPORTING BODY SUITABLE FOR THE SUPPORT AND THERMAL INSULATION OF A SEALED TANK MEMBRANE
FR2977562B1 (en) * 2011-07-06 2016-12-23 Gaztransport Et Technigaz SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK INTEGRATED IN A CARRIER STRUCTURE
KR20150034352A (en) * 2013-09-26 2015-04-03 삼성중공업 주식회사 Ship cargo structure for absorbing sloshing impact

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2413260A1 (en) * 1977-12-29 1979-07-27 Gaz Transport Sealed thermally insulated vessel forming part of ship - has insulating components of cellular material with solid plates on inside
EP0064886A1 (en) * 1981-04-30 1982-11-17 Gaz-Transport Fluid-tight and heat-insulating tank integrated in a ship's hull structure
WO2012127141A1 (en) 2011-03-23 2012-09-27 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Insulating element for a sealed and thermally insulating tank wall
WO2013004944A1 (en) * 2011-07-06 2013-01-10 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Thermally-insulating sealed tank
KR20130045701A (en) * 2011-10-26 2013-05-06 대우조선해양 주식회사 Insulation box fixing apparatus for cargo containment and its fixing method
WO2014096600A1 (en) 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Sealed, thermally insulating vessel
FR3004512A1 (en) * 2013-04-15 2014-10-17 Gaztransp Et Technigaz SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114008374A (en) * 2020-05-26 2022-02-01 气体运输技术公司 Anchoring device for retaining insulation blocks
WO2021239712A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2021-12-02 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Anchoring device intended to retain insulating blocks
FR3110950A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2021-12-03 Gaztransport Et Technigaz ANCHORING DEVICE INTENDED TO RETAIN INSULATING BLOCKS
FR3110949A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2021-12-03 Gaztransport Et Technigaz ANCHORING DEVICE INTENDED TO RETAIN INSULATING BLOCKS
FR3110951A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2021-12-03 Gaztransport Et Technigaz ANCHORING DEVICE INTENDED TO RETAIN INSULATING BLOCKS
KR20210149093A (en) * 2020-05-26 2021-12-08 가즈트랑스포르 에 떼끄니가즈 Anchor device for holding insulating blocks
FR3110953A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2021-12-03 Gaztransport Et Technigaz ANCHORING DEVICE INTENDED TO RETAIN INSULATING BLOCKS
KR102450352B1 (en) 2020-05-26 2022-10-05 가즈트랑스포르 에 떼끄니가즈 Anchor device for holding insulating blocks
RU2807228C1 (en) * 2020-05-26 2023-11-13 Газтранспорт Эт Технигаз Anchoring device designed to hold insulating blocks
CN114008374B (en) * 2020-05-26 2023-01-06 气体运输技术公司 Anchoring device for retaining insulation blocks
FR3121730A1 (en) 2021-04-09 2022-10-14 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Anchoring device intended to retain insulating blocks
FR3128003A1 (en) 2021-10-08 2023-04-14 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Anchoring device intended to retain insulating blocks
CN117662969A (en) * 2024-01-31 2024-03-08 中太(苏州)氢能源科技有限公司 Protection system, installation method thereof and storage tank
CN117662969B (en) * 2024-01-31 2024-04-02 中太(苏州)氢能源科技有限公司 Protection system, installation method thereof and storage tank

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3074560A1 (en) 2019-06-07
CN111433509A (en) 2020-07-17
KR20200096273A (en) 2020-08-11
CN111433509B (en) 2022-02-18
FR3074560B1 (en) 2021-06-04
KR102512422B1 (en) 2023-03-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2019110894A1 (en) Thermally insulating sealed tank
WO2021239712A1 (en) Anchoring device intended to retain insulating blocks
WO2019234360A2 (en) Thermally-insulating sealed tank
EP3710742B1 (en) Method for producing a thermal insulation barrier for a wall of a vessel and thermal insulation barrier produced thereby
FR3105342A1 (en) Thermally insulating barrier for a tank wall
FR3073270B1 (en) SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK WITH DEVICES FOR ANCHORING PRIMARY INSULATION PANELS ON SECONDARY INSULATING PANELS
FR3064042A1 (en) SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK WITH INSULATING INSULATING PLUG
FR3094071A1 (en) Sealed and thermally insulating tank
WO2019239049A1 (en) Sealed and thermally insulating tank
WO2022100975A1 (en) Method for manufacturing a thermally insulating barrier for a tank
FR3111178A1 (en) Sealed and thermally insulating tank integrated into a supporting structure
WO2020115406A1 (en) Sealed and thermally insulating tank
WO2023025501A1 (en) Storage facility for liquefied gas
WO2023001678A1 (en) Storage installation for liquefied gas
EP3948055B1 (en) Storage facility for liquefied gas
WO2023067026A1 (en) Sealed and thermally insulating tank
WO2022074226A1 (en) Sealed and thermally insulating tank
WO2023036769A1 (en) Storage facility for liquefied gas
WO2022074148A1 (en) Sealed and thermally insulating tank
EP3526512B1 (en) Thermally insulating sealed tank
FR3121730A1 (en) Anchoring device intended to retain insulating blocks
WO2022152794A1 (en) Storage facility for liquefied gas
FR3094452A1 (en) Storage facility for liquefied gas
FR3131360A1 (en) Storage facility for liquefied gas
FR3118796A1 (en) Storage facility for liquefied gas

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18822430

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20207019246

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18822430

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1