EP3146119A1

EP3146119A1 - Pneumatic support

Info

Publication number: EP3146119A1
Application number: EP15732510.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Mauro Pedretti
Original assignee: Pibridge Ltd
Current assignee: Pibridge Ltd
Priority date: 2014-05-22
Filing date: 2015-05-21
Publication date: 2017-03-29
Anticipated expiration: 2035-05-21
Also published as: CN106795716A; MA40038A; JP6703981B2; CH709686A2; US10174466B2; EA037150B1; JP2017518450A; CA2953404A1; EA201650113A1; EP3146119C0; EP3146119B1; US20170130409A1; WO2015176192A1; CL2016002965A1

Abstract

The pneumatic support according to the invention has pneumatic bodies 61 to 63 which can be placed under pressure and which operationally keep a compression member 51 and a tension member 52 at a distance apart, resulting in a pneumatic support with high loadability but also, disadvantageously, with high operating deformation. The connection elements 57, 58 extending in a zigzag shape between the compression member 51 and the tension member 52 over the length of the support 50 are preferably diagonal struts formed as flexible tension members and reinforce the support 50 with respect to the pneumatic supports of the prior art in such a way that the deformation of said support in the case of an asymmetrical load, as is the case with a bridge over which vehicles travel, is for example still 10%.

Description

Pneumatic carrier

The present invention relates to a pneumatic carrier according to the preamble of claim 1.

Pneumatic carriers of the type mentioned are known and are based on a cylindrical basic shape according to WO 01/73245. This basic form has been further developed into a spindle-shaped carrier according to WO 2005/007991. An advantage of such pneumatic carriers is their low weight and the extremely small transport volume, since the inflatable body is too collapsible and the tension members can be formed as ropes. A disadvantage of such pneumatic carriers is that although they can carry high surface loads (loads distributed over the length of the carrier), they are only limitedly suitable for asymmetric loads in comparison to the possible surface load, in particular with regard to concentrated axle loads, which is particularly the use as a bridge decisively hinders, as a rolling over a bridge axis, such as a truck, in this respect represents a particularly unfavorable case.

A significant weakness lies in the pressure member, which is kinky endangered as a slender rod, but can not be made more massive, otherwise the benefits of the pneumatic concept can be reduced.

Figure 1 shows schematically a pneumatic, here spindle-shaped carrier 1 according to the prior art, with the clarity because of exaggerated thickness. An inflatable, consisting of a flexible material body 2 holds under operating pressure a pressure member 3 of a tension member 4 in an operable distance, again for the sake of clarity on the pressure member 3, a planking 5 is indicated, which allow driving on the bridge formed by the carrier 1 should. The following thought model can explain how the wearer works:

Acts a load 6 on the planking 5 and thus on the pressure member 3, this is supported by the under operating pressure, inflated body 2, which in turn rests on the tension member 4, so that actually carries the load 6. As a result, the tension member 4 has the tendency to dodge down, but this is not possible because the pressure member 3 the common end nodes 7 and 8, so that the ends of the tension member 4 keeps at a distance. End nodes are those areas in which the pressure member 3 and the tension member 4 are operatively connected to each other. It follows that the tension member 4 is essentially only subjected to axial tension and the pressure member 3 essentially only to axial pressure, so that the tension member 4 can be formed as a rope and the pressure member 3 as a thin rod. However, a thin rod under pressure is liable to buckling, with the result that the bending limit of the pressure member 3 determines the load capacity of the carrier 1.

In the case of a surface load acting in the direction of the arrow 6 and which is distributed symmetrically over the length of the beam, as is the case with roof structures, there is a reduced risk of buckling, as a buckling in one direction against the load application by the load itself is reduced, while in the load direction a buckling is reduced by the support of the pressure member 3 on the body 2.

In the case of an asymmetric load, however, the compression member increasingly sinks into the body 2 at the location of the load, and bulges upwards therefor, with a tendency to buckle over the working surface on the body 2, and thus from this lift, which has an increased risk of buckling and thus relevant reduced load capacity of the carrier 1 result.

2 a shows an improved spindle-shaped carrier 10 according to WO 2005/042880, which is provided with connecting elements arranged vertically (i.e., in the loading direction and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the carrier 10), designed as pure tension members 11. The distance a of the tension members 11 is to be optimized by the skilled person with regard to the specific case.

The tension members 11 are suitable for preventing an asymmetrical load to a certain extent that the pressure member 3 lifts off at a non-loaded location of the body 2 and thus kinks. The vertical tension members 11 only cause the pressure member and the tension member to deform approximately equally (similar bending line), they are not capable of reducing the amount of maximum deflection. However, it arises locally Fixing point 12 for a tension member 11 a considerable stress (for example, additional bending moments) in the pressure member 3, which in turn is undesirable.

FIG. 2b shows a possible arrangement of the tension members 11 in a carrier 10 'according to WO 2005/042880, wherein a plurality of tension members 11 are arranged in the manner of a bifurcation in the distance to be determined by the person skilled in the art and in a symmetrical arrangement relative to each other, starting from a common attachment point 13 , This arrangement appears suitable to reduce the above-mentioned undesired stress in the pressure member 3, since the attack of the tension members 11 is distributed to a small, the attachment point 13 opposite distance. The reduction is only local.

The expert recognizes from the disclosure of WO 2005/042880 that at a distance a from each other arranged tension members 11 advantageously increases the carrying capacity of the support 1 in the case of an asymmetrical load, since the pressure member 3 is reduced risk of kinking. (It should be added at this point that the tension member 4 'in Figure 2b is also formed as a bar, so that this could also carry a load from below 6', in which case the pressure member 3 would be claimed to train).

A disadvantage of the arrangement according to WO 2005/042880, however, is that the pneumatic system is still severely deformed under load. In particular, a trained as a rope tension member (but also designed as a long, thin rod tension member) and the pneumatic body 2 allow movements that lead in case of load despite sufficient carrying capacity to a large deformation of the carrier, be it at a Flächenlast and, reinforced, at an asymmetrically attacking load, such as in the case of a busy bridge. Although the tension members 11 according to WO 2005/042880 damp strongly the tendency to buckling of the pressure member 3, 4 ', but again lead locally to lifting the tension member 4, which in turn makes a deformation of the entire carrier 10' feed and ultimately the desired Success regarding buckling of the pressure member 3 again reduced. This deformation or deflection of the carrier 10,10 'represents a problem in particular when trained as a bridge (even with roofs, for example, in storm), not least because of the risk of vibration, as is the case for example in the bendy Millennium Bridge in London was. It goes without saying that bridges or beams are generally designed to be as stiff as possible for the absorption of loads, since neighboring structures do not have to be designed for the corresponding movements, as is the case with other structures. wa in the planking or carriageway of a bridge or supported by a carrier structures is the case. On the contrary, as mentioned in the example of the Millenium Bridge, too great a softness of a wearer can lead to the fact that he can not be used for the purpose presented despite sufficient resilience.

Accordingly, it is the object of the present invention to provide a pneumatic carrier with improved rigidity.

This object is achieved by a carrier according to the characterizing features of claim 1.

Characterized in that the connecting element between the pressure member and the tension member zigzag extends over a plurality of connection points, pressure from the pressure member in the tension member can be derived (although the connecting elements are designed as tension members), so that recorded between the pressure member and the tension member shear stresses can be analogous to the shear stresses in the web of a double - T carrier. The arrangement according to the invention correspondingly stiffens a pneumatic support, for example by five times, or, in the case of the relevant asymmetrical load, by a factor of ten, as will be shown below on the basis of a simulation calculation.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS.

It shows:

1 shows schematically a spindle-shaped carrier according to the prior art,

FIG. 2 a shows schematically the carrier of FIG. 1 with vertical tension members,

FIG. 2b schematically shows the arrangement of tension members according to the prior art in a section of a pneumatic support,

FIG. 3 schematically shows an embodiment of the carrier according to the invention, FIGS. 4a and 4b schematically show further embodiments of a carrier according to the invention consisting of modules,

5a and 5b schematically an embodiment for fixing the connecting element to a pressure member or to a tension member,

6a shows a further embodiment, which is particularly suitable as a transportable bridge for vehicles, in a longitudinal section, FIG.

FIG. 6b shows a cross section at the point AA through the embodiment of FIG. 6a

FIG. 7 schematically shows the connection between the flexible and rigid parts of the embodiment according to FIG. 6 a,

FIG. 8 a shows the pneumatic carrier according to the prior art used for a comparative calculation,

FIG. 8b shows the pneumatic support according to the present invention used for the comparative calculation; and FIG

9 shows four diagrams comparing the deformations of the pressure member and the tension member between the pneumatic support according to the prior art and according to the present invention, wherein once a load acts symmetrically and once a load asymmetrically on the respective carrier.

FIG. 3 schematically shows an embodiment of a carrier 20 according to the invention. End nodes 21, 22 enclose a number of pneumatic pressure bodies 23 between them and form an operable connection between the pressure member 24 and the tension member 25, on opposite sides on the pressure bodies 23, along the same Length, abut. The pressure bodies 23 keep the pressure member 24 and the tension member 25 operable at a distance from each other under operating pressure. The connection between the pressure member 24 and the tension member 25 brought about by the end nodes 21, 22 is such that the pressure forces acting in the pressure member 24 can be introduced into the tension member 25, and vice versa, and thus absorbed by the latter. A connecting element 26 is operatively fixed via connection points 27, 27 ', 27 "at several points on the pressure member 24, on the tension member 25 and also on the end nodes 21, 22, such that it is zigzag-shaped over at least a plurality of connection points 27, 27 ', 27 "of the pressure member 24 and the tension member 25 extends, in the illustrated embodiment, completely from the end node 21 to the end node 22nd

Likewise, in the preferred embodiment shown, a further connecting element 28 extends zig-zag through further connection points 29 through the support 20, preferably from the end node 21 to the end node 22. The use of a plurality of connecting elements 26,28 results in smaller distances between the corresponding connection points

27 to 27 "and 29 on the respective pressure member 24 or tension member 25, with the advantage that the buckling load of the pressure member 24 increases, since the decisive length is given by the distance of the connection points 27, 29. Preferably, the connection elements 26 and

28 arranged offset to each other, as shown in the figure, namely, so that their zugordneten connecting points 27 to 27 "and 29 are opposite to each other.

The end nodes 21,22 are rigid and supported on an outer structure such as the ground or on another component. According to the figure, they are so large in the embodiment shown that their height corresponds to the height of the subsequent pneumatic Druckköpers 23. Essential and independent of their respective geometric design is that they connect the pressure member 24 with the tension member 25 such that they can initiate the pressure or train exerted by them in the other member (tension member 25 and pressure member 24). Correspondingly, the end nodes, as shown in the figures described below or also as shown in FIG. 1, may be made smaller or, for example, such that the tension member engages directly at the end of the pressure member. As a result, an end node is present when the pressure member and the tension member are connected directly or via a geometrically arbitrarily formed end member with each other such that the pressure acting in the pressure member in the tension member and acting in the tension member train are introduced into the pressure member, said This creates pressure in the tension member and in the pressure member.

The pressure member 24 transmits substantially axial pressure and is accordingly designed as a pressure rod, while the tension member 25 transmits axial tension and thus has a flexible design. It can be det, for example as a rope. Of course, it is also possible to form the tension member 25 as a rod, but then so that it can bear the resulting tensile stress during operation. Thus, preferably, the tension member 25 may be pressure-resistant, so that the carrier 20 can also absorb load from below, as both sides of the top (load P) and also from below, in the opposite direction of the load P, can be loaded.

Adjacent pressure bodies 23 encounter each other under operating pressure with their right and left end faces 30,31, so that there is the effect of a single, continuously extending from end node 21 to end node 22 over a length pneumatic pressure hull, which is also according to the invention as such. The shown in the figure, a plurality of pressure body 23 are easier to assemble or disassemble and allow, as shown below, the carrier 20 composed of a plurality of carrier modules, which in turn may have advantages for transport and storage. Further, the pressure bodies 23 operatively hold the pressure member 24 and the tension member 25 at a distance from each other, at rest and in the event that a load P acts on the carrier.

Pressure bodies of the type shown are known per se to those skilled in the art, for example, they may be formed textile and provided with a gas-tight coating.

As mentioned, the connecting element 26 extends in a zigzag fashion through the length of the carrier 20, from connecting point 27 to connecting point 27 (or 27 ', 27 ") and, in the case of further connecting elements, for example the connecting element 28 from connecting point 29 to connecting point 29 Preferably, a plurality of zigzag-shaped connecting elements extending through the carrier are thus provided, these engaging at their own attachment points.

The connecting element 26,28 is biased by the operating pressure in the pressure bodies 23, so it is a tension member and can be correspondingly flexible, preferably designed as a rope. Next, the connecting element 26,28 preferably as a continuous tension member (rope or chain, etc.) is formed. Likewise, it is according to the invention that it consists of individual sections 32, which only from a connection point 27 (or 27 ', 7 ") or 29 (on the pressure member 24 and the tension member 25) to another connection point 27 (or 27 ', 27 ") or 29 (on the tension member 25 or on the pressure member 24) run. Then it is also according to the invention, such sections 32, for example, flexible, for example as a rope, or as Train (train) bars. It can be seen that the connecting element 26, 28 can be divided into individual sections 32, which each extend from an attachment point 27, 29 on the pressure member 24 to an associated attachment point 27, 29 on the tension member 25 (or vice versa).

The connecting points 27, 29 are preferably designed such that the connecting element 26, 28 (or their individual sections 32) are fixed directly on the pressure member 24 or on the tension member 25. It is also conceivable, however, that the determination takes place on the pressure body 23, since, as will be described in more detail below, the prestress generated in the connecting element 26, 28 by the pressure body 23 under operating pressure produces the effect according to the present invention.

Preferably, the connection points 27,29 are formed such that in operation, the longitudinal axes of the sections 32 and the corresponding portions of the continuously formed connecting element 26,28 substantially in the region (preferably on the neutral axis) of the pressure member 24 and the tension member 25 intersect , At least in the case of a trained as a rope tension member 25, this may not always exactly apply due to tolerances and displacements in the mounted carrier 20, but is desirable, otherwise the achievable stiffness of the support 20 can not be fully realized. Thus, the longitudinal axes of two connecting elements 26, 28 acting on the same connecting point 27, 29 preferably intersect substantially in the interior of the pressure member and / or the tension member and particularly preferably on its neutral axis.

If the pressure bodies 23 are under operating pressure, as mentioned, the connecting element 26, 28 is pretensioned. Under the effect of a load P acting, for example, at the location of the connection point 27 ', this preload is reduced at the location of the connection point 27' concerned such that only a correspondingly reduced tension is introduced into the opposite connection points 27 ". that at the location of the connection points 27 "the tension member 25 must absorb the forces generated by the internal pressure of the pressure body 23 'increased, so the axial tensile forces acting in it are thus increased.

This effect is the same as if "pressure was introduced into the connection points 27" via the sections 32 ', 32 - the connecting element 26 or its sections 32', 32 ". Therefore, ultimately designed as tension elements struts, which act in the carrier 20 acting lateral forces, ie the corresponding thrust, so that the carrier 20 is stiff. The effect of the connecting element 26 corresponds, for example, to that of the web in the double-T carrier, which is considerably thrust-loaded by a load and thus gives the double-T carrier its stiffness.

The pneumatic carriers according to the prior art can not absorb this thrust, are therefore flexible and, in the case of load, show the corresponding deformations (see below for FIGS. 9a to 9c, which compare the deformation of a device according to the invention with a carrier according to the prior art show the technique).

This also applies to the carrier according to WO 2007/071101 which has a flexible, longitudinal web: the web is biased vertically, but not horizontally; There are no horizontal components of the preload forces generated by the internal pressure in the web. Even if horizontal force components occurred, the web would warp at the corresponding oblique stress (direction of a portion 32), with the result that the thrust from the web can not be absorbed. This is confirmed by the necessarily vertical and horizontal arrangement of the threads of the textile web shown: in an oblique direction, the web is completely compliant, since the square grid formed by the threads would be forgiven to a parallelogram-like grid.

If, for the sake of simplicity, we are still looking closer at a volume element of the web in our double - T carrier, the shear stresses generated by the transverse force will result in a shear on the volume element in the vertical direction. Since the volume element remains in the equilibrium state, shear stresses also act in the horizontal direction, with the result that the resultant of these shear stresses lie in the diagonal of the volume element, which is inclined 45 ° to the vertical or to the longitudinal axis of the carrier 20, to which the load P again attacks vertically.

It follows that preferably the portions 32 of the connecting element 26,28 are inclined at an angle of 45 ° to the longitudinal axis of the carrier 20, since then the recorded by the transverse force thrust optimally received and thus the carrier 20 is stiffened maximum. In other words, it is preferable that the between two associated attachment points 27 ', 27 "engaging portions 32 of the at least one connecting member 26 to the longitudinal axis of the carrier 20 are inclined substantially 45 °.

In the case of a non-vertical load, those skilled in the art can optimize the inclination of the sections 32 accordingly.

A full effect of the connecting element 26,28 requires that this is as little stretchable, so hard formed, as is the case with thin wire cables. Thus, the object according to the present invention can be fulfilled: the inventive pneumatic carrier still consists of parts which have only minimal volume for transport or storage, have hardly any weight, but can also have considerable asymmetrical or punctiform effects. take relatively high loads with deformation reduced to 10% or even less - s. to the description of Figures 9a to 9c.

From the present description thus generally results in a pneumatic support with a pressurizable, for example, inflatable body, which holds operatively under pressure a substantially extending over its length and a pressure member also extending over its length extending tension member of each other at a distance, wherein On the pressure member and the tension member connecting points for at least one extending between the pressure member and the tension member zugbelastbares connecting element are provided, and wherein the connecting element between the pressure member and the tension member zig-zag over a plurality of connection points both in the region of the pressure member and in Extending portion of the tension member.

Preferably, the at least one connecting element extends continuously through the carrier, over the entire length of the pressurizable area. If this is not the case, only a portion of the pneumatic support is stiffened according to the invention, so that, for example, in the carrier results in a joint produced by a locally limited flexible body, which can make sense if it is to be connected there with a moving structure. But such a joint is bought at no longer optimal properties of the whole carrier and therefore provided by the expert only reluctant. Furthermore, it can be seen from the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 that preferably the fastening points 27, 27 ', 29 on the pressure member 24 and those 29, 27 "on the tension member 25 of the pneumatic support 20 have a spacing and are mutually offset by a half distance in such a way that the connecting element 26, 28 extends along the inflatable body in a regular zig-zag line.

Figures 4a and 4b show schematically and in longitudinal section modified embodiments of a carrier according to the invention 33 (Figure 4a) and 38 (Figure 4b). The carrier 33 is spindle-shaped. Thus, the diameter of the carrier 33 changes over its length, with the result that also the distance of the connecting points 27,29 of the connecting elements 26,28 changes to keep them 45 ° inclined to the longitudinal axis of the carrier 33. This is also the case with the carrier 38, which arches in an arcuate manner thanks to its curved longitudinal axis and is suitable for forming a roof for the area below it.

Figure 5a shows a preferred embodiment of a connection point 27,29 for a continuously formed connecting element 26,28 (Figure 3). A counterpart 40 is connected by means of indicated by a dash bolt 41 with a bottom piece 42 and thus holds the connecting element 26,28 in a fixed position. Dashed lines indicate its longitudinal axes 44, which, as mentioned above, intersect at the location of the printing element 24 (or tension member 25). The bottom piece 42, in turn, is gas-tightly fixed by means of a holding plate 43 with respect to the pressure body 23 (FIG. 3) which has been omitted for the purpose of relieving the figure. FIG. 5b shows a cross section through the connection point 27, 28 of FIG. 5a. FIG. 6a shows a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of a carrier 50 according to the invention, which is designed as a bridge. The carrier 50 is constructed spindle-shaped, with substantially straight pressure member 51 (favorable in terms of buckling load) and arcuate tension member 52,. Two connecting elements 57, 58 extend longitudinally through the carrier 50 from one end node 59 to the other end node 60, the portions of which between the connecting points 55, 56 may also be designed as tension rods. Three pneumatic pressure bodies 61 to 63 abut the front side with a right front side 65, 66 and a left front side 67 to 68 against each other, while the right end side 64 of the pressure body 63 and the left end side 69 of the pressure body 61 do not abut the end node 59, 60. The pressure member 51 is composed of detachable segments 70 to 72, as well as the tension member 52, which has the segments 73 to 75. All segments 70 to 72 and 73 to 75 run over the length of their respective associated pressure body 61 to 63, so that each detachable, each according to the invention in itself rigid support modules 76 to 78 result (the end-side support modules 76 and 78, of course, also from their end nodes 59,60 are solvable).

The carrier 50 thus has a plurality, i. E. two, three or even more than the three carrier modules shown by way of example in the figure 76 to 78, in which it can be disassembled or from which it can be assembled, which in turn brings advantages in terms of storage, transport and assembly or disassembly.

The individual modules are connected to each other by the respective segments 70 to 72 of the pressure member 55 and the respective segments 73 to 75 of the tension member 52 via the connection points 80 to 87 are fixed to each other operable. This can be done via a simple screw connection or via another type to be determined by a person skilled in the art, such as, for example, a joint which allows the segments to pivot relative to one another but transmits compressive and tensile forces. Similarly, the end-side modules 76,78 are connected to the associated end nodes 59,60, the end node 59 via the connection points 80,84 the associated segments 70,73 and the end node 60 via the connection points 83,87 the associated segments 72,75 such connects with each other that the compressive forces acting in the pressure member 51 and the tensile forces acting in the tension member 52 can be introduced into the respective other member 52,51. For this purpose, the end nodes 59,60 may also be articulated only via the connection points 80,84 and 83,87 to the associated segments 70,73 and 72,75.

As mentioned, in the mounted state, the pressure bodies 61 to 63 abut one another at the front, which produces the effect of a single, continuous pressure body.

By fixed in the assembled state of the segments 70 to 72 (pressure member) and 73 to 75 (tension member) results in an inventive continuous rigid support 50, the bending stiffness is not weakened by the modular design compared to a non-modular structure carrier. Preferably, then, the connecting elements 57,58 are in such Divide sections so that they do not extend beyond any of the modules 76-78. Then engage at joints 81,82,85,86, each associated with two carrier modules 76,77 or 77,78, respectively, the corresponding two sections of the connecting elements 57,58. On the other hand, of course, even when using carrier modules, the connecting elements may be formed continuously, or consist of a number of sections, each of which extends only from one connection point to the other connection point.

In summary, based on the illustrated embodiment also results that the inventive pneumatic carrier can be formed as a separate, modular carrier module 76 to 78 (or that for the inventive carrier such carrier modules can be provided), which in turn with another (such ) Carrier module 76 to 78 is connectable such that they are fixed to one another at the end face and the connection points 80 to 87 of the pressure members (in the figure: segments 70 to 72 of the common pressure member 51) and the tension members (in the figure: segments 73 to 75 the common tension member 52) at the same time form fastening points 55, 56 for the connecting element. The compression members and the tension members of the endmost support modules are connected to an end node, s. In addition, in a non-illustrated embodiment of a pneumatic carrier, the carrier modules (76 to 78) can be hinged to each other, such that the carrier (20) is collapsible, wherein at one end of a rigid portion of the pressure member on the pressure member of the adjacent rigid portion and the other end of the rigid portion, the tension member is articulated on the tension member of the other adjacent rigid portion and the other pressure members and tension members of adjacent stiffer portions are releasably connected to each other. Such a pneumatic support can not be disassembled into the carrier modules but still folded zig-zag shaped.

FIG. 6b shows a cross-section through the carrier 50 of FIG. 6a in the plane AA of the carrier module 77. The pressurized body 62 composed of the flexible side sections 90, 91 and the upper 92 and lower section 93 is shown Upper and lower section 92,93 here stiff, but elastic enough to be able to give the inventively small (but of course still existing) load deformations of the carrier 50 can. The upper portion 92 carries the segment 71 of the Pressure member 51, the lower portion 93, the segment 74 of the tension member 52, which segments 71,74 may be formed for example of a thin sheet and thus form a roadway or at least a support for a suitable planking. The connections 95 between the side sections 90,91 and the upper and lower sections 92,93 are gas-tight and shown in Figure 7 in more detail.

In the interior of the pressure body 62 run four sets of connecting elements 57,58 side by side, the course indicated by dashed lines and their interfaces 95 (connecting elements 57) and 96 (connecting elements 58) are visible in the AA level.

The connecting elements 57,58 are at the symbolically indicated connection points

56.57, for example according to FIG. 5a. It can be seen in particular from the figure that a plurality of sets of connecting elements

57.58 can be guided laterally side by side, which allows to form an over-wide carrier 50. This is advantageous, for example, if two supports arranged next to one another were to be provided for a bridge, whose gap would have to be covered by a planking: in the case of the carrier 50 with a cross-section as in FIG. 6b, the bearing transport and assembly effort can be compared to a conventional one Training with two carriers are advantageously lowered.

Preferably, it is also possible that the skilled person forms the segments 70 to 72 and 73 to 75 (Figure 6a) gas-tight, so that the upper 92 and lower portion 93 can be omitted, which then the pressure body 61 to 63, the flexible edge portions 90.91 and the (stiff) segments 70 to 72 and 73 to 75 have. Alternatively, of course, the lower segments 73 to 75 of the tension member 52 may be formed as ropes, which would then run four times next to each other according to the embodiment shown in the figure, and each would be operatively connected to an associated set of fasteners 57,58.

Figure 7 shows schematically the connection point 95 between the flexible edge portion 91 and the upper portion 92, wherein the flexible edge portion is held by a clamping point 97. The clamping point 97 preferably has a symbolically indicated pin 98th on, which fixes a counter plate 99 on the (here stiff) upper portion 92. The longitudinal edge 100 of the flexible edge portion 91 is thickened by a folded over a rope 101 end portion 102 of the flexible portion 91 and so can no longer slip back through the nip 97 is thus fixed gas-tight by the clamping. The person skilled in the art can form all joints 95 in this way or in any other suitable manner.

FIG. 8 a shows a carrier 105 according to the prior art, with a pressure body 106 and vertical tension members 107 extending therein at a distance a from each other. End nodes 108, 109 connect a pressure member 110 to a tension member 111 in an operative manner.

FIG. 8b shows an embodiment of a carrier 115 according to the invention with a pressure body 122, which differs from the carrier 105 (FIG. 8a) by its continuously zig-zagging connecting members 116, 117. End nodes 118, 119 operatively connect a pressure member 120 to a tension member 121.

A simulation of the Applicant for the deformation of both carriers 105,115 with once a centrally acting load P _m and then with a laterally acting load P _s has resulted in the deformations shown in the diagrams of Figures 9a to 9c. Both supports 105, 115 have the same dimensions for the comparative deformation calculation:

Length L = 20 m, height H = 2 m, load P _ms = 200 kN,

■ Pressure member 110,120 and tension member 111,121 made of steel, moment of inertia per I = 2xl0. ⁷

mm *, cross-sectional area per F = 7'000 mm ² , width pressure member 110, 111 and tension member 111, 121 each b = 1.0 m,

■ internal pressure in the pressure body 106.122 p = 50 kN / m ² , which results in a vertical force on the pressure member 110, 120 and the tension member 111, 121 of q = pa = 50 kN / m ² ,

^■ Cross-sectional area of the vertical tension members 107 and the links 116,117 per D = 900 mm ² , and

■ Point of application of the load P _m at a distance of 10 m and for the load P _s at a distance of 6 m from the left end node 108 of the carriers 105,115.

The numerical results for the calculated deformations 0 are at P, Trlger 115 Carrier 115 Carrier 110 Carrier 110 Position from the left

r ^t <> txrgurif '^;

and at P _s

Carrier 115 Carrier 115 Carrier 110 Carrier 110

tiftift ^:

FIG. 9 shows the corresponding diagrams 120 to 123 with the deformations θ of the carriers 105, 115 on the basis of the deformation (bending line) of their compression members 110, 120 and their tension members 120, 121, the comparison taking place once with the load P _m acting centrally, see FIG. diagrams 120 and 121 and then with asymmetrically attacking load P _s , s. Diagrams 122 and 123. Here, a diagram shows either the bending line of the pressure members 110, 120 (diagrams 120 and 122) or the bending line of the tension members 111, 121 (diagrams 121, 123).

Diagram 120 shows the deformation of the pressure members 110,120 of the carrier 105.115 under the load P _m, where concise, the pressure member 110 of the carrier is shifted 105 according to the prior art at the location of the applied load P _m by 107 mm down the pressing member 120 of the present invention Carrier 115, however, only by 21 mm. It is also evident as the pressure member 110 of the carrier 105 according to the prior art ^¬ bulges laterally, the pressure member 115 but not.

Diagram 121 shows for the deformation of the tension members 111,121 for the centrally acting load P _m , the deformation of which is very similar to that of the pressure members 110,120 according to diagram 120, which is likely to be due to the effect of arranged at a distance of tension members 107.

Concise is on the respectively very similar deformation of the compression and tension members of the two carriers (prior art - invention) beyond the massively reduced deflection at all, which accounts for about 20% of the carrier 105 according to the prior art in the inventive carrier 115 - Which is a consequence of the inventive arrangement of the connecting elements. The diagrams 122 and 123 show the deformation of the pressure members 110, 120 and the tension members 111, 121 of the carriers 105 (prior art) and 115 (according to the invention) due to the laterally acting load P _s . According to the advent of the pressure member 110 and the tension member 111 of the carrier 105 are strongly deformed, with a depression at the location of the load P _s and a bulge in the other half of the carrier 105th

Surprisingly, however, the deflection of the pressure member III and tension member 121 of the carrier 115 according to the invention is even more reduced than in the case of the centrally acting load P _m : the deformation of the carrier 115 according to the invention is from 181 mm (carrier 105 according to the prior art) to mere 20 mm, ie reduced to about 10%, again as a result of the inventive arrangement of the connecting elements.

From the diagrams 120 to 123 it can be seen that the carrier 115 according to the invention solves the problem posed and, in particular for asymmetric loads, is considerably more rigid than the pneumatic carriers according to the prior art. This stiffening results over the distance in which the connecting links are continuously guided through the carrier in a zig-zag. In addition to the desired stiffening per se, this also leads to the fact that the risk of buckling for the pressure member 120 is significantly reduced, which significantly increases the carrying capacity (or its safety factor for a given load) of the carrier 115 relative to the carrier 105 of the prior art. As mentioned above, the pressure member is located on the side of the load engagement on the pneumatic pressure body, and the tension member on the side facing away from the load attack. Next several sets of connecting elements can be arranged side by side (Figure 6b). But it is also possible, in particular for a not always exactly the same load, to provide an additional pressure member or an additional tension member, which also has attachment points for a connecting element, and between this additional pressure member or tension member and the single tension member or pressure member another connecting element zick zigzag be provided. In contrast to Figure 6b then the sets of fasteners are not parallel, but inclined to each other. In the arrangement of Figure 6b and the wide-shaped pressure member 51, or tension member 52 can be split into a plurality of parallel compression members or tension members, so that in the result, in addition a further pressure member and another tension member (to a first pressure member or tension member ) is provided with each attachment points for a further connecting element, which extends between the further pressure member and the further tension member along this zig-zag.

Claims

claims

Pneumatic carrier (20,33,38,50,115) with a pneumatically pressurizable body (23,61,62,63) under operating pressure extending over substantially its length pressure member (24, 51.120) and also substantially over its length extending tension member (25,52,121) operatively spaced from each other, wherein the pressure member (24, 51.120) and the tension member (25,52,121) connecting points (27,27 ', 27 ", 29) for at least one between the tension member (24, 51, 120) and the tension member (25, 52, 121) extending, zugbelastbares connecting element (26,28,57,58) are provided, characterized

that the connecting element (26,28,57,58) between the pressure member (24, 51,120) and the tension member (25,52,121) zigzag over a plurality of connection points (27,27 ', 27 "29) both in the area of the pressure member (24, 51, 120) and in the region of the tension member (25, 52, 121).

A pneumatic carrier according to claim 1, wherein said at least one connecting element (26, 28) extends through the carrier (20, 33, 38, 50, 115) throughout the entire length of the pressurisable region.

Pneumatic carrier according to claim 1 or 2, wherein this is designed as a carrier module (76,77,78) which is connectable with a further carrier module (76,77,78) such that they are fixed to one another at the end face and the connection points (80th to 87) of the pressure members and the tension members at the same time form fastening points (55, 56) for the connecting element (57,58).

A pneumatic carrier according to claim 1, wherein the connecting element (26, 28) is divided into individual sections (32, 32 ', 32 ") each extending from an attachment point (27, 27') on the pressure member (24) to an associated attachment point (27 ") on the tension member (25) extend.

Pneumatic carrier according to claim 1, wherein the attachment points on the pressure member (25) and those on the tension member (24) are spaced apart and offset from one another by half a distance, such that the connecting element 26, 28 extends along the inflatable body (23) in a regular zig-zag line.

6. Pneumatic carrier according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal axes of two at the same connection point (27,27 ') engaging connecting elements (26,28) substantially in the interior of the pressure member (24) intersect.

7. A pneumatic carrier according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal axes of two at the same connection point (27,27 ", 29) engaging connecting elements (26,28,32,32 ', 32") substantially in the interior of the tension member (25,51,121 ) to cut.

8. A pneumatic carrier according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of zig-zag through the carrier extending connecting members (26,32) are provided, which at their own attachment points (27,27 ', 27 ", 29) attack.

9. A pneumatic carrier according to claim 1, wherein the between two associated attachment points (27,27 ', 27 ", 29) engaging portions (32) of the at least one connecting member (26,28) are inclined to the longitudinal axis of the carrier substantially 45 °.

10. Pneumatic carrier according to claim 1, wherein the connecting element (26,28) or a portion (32) of the connecting element as a flexible tension member, preferably as a rope, is formed.

11. Pneumatic carrier according to claim 1, wherein the tension member (25,52,121) is formed pressure resistant.

12. Pneumatic carrier according to claim 3, wherein it has a plurality of carrier modules (76 to 78).

13. A pneumatic carrier according to claim 12, wherein the carrier modules (76 to 78) are pivotally connected to each other, such that the carrier (20) is collapsible, wherein at one end of a rigid portion, the pressure member on the pressure member of the adjacent rigid portion and on the other end of the rigid portion, the tension member is articulated to the tension member of the other adjacent rigid portion and the other the pressure members and tension members of adjacent stiffer portions are detachably connectable to each other.

A pneumatic support (38) according to claim 1, wherein its longitudinal axis is curved so as to be arcuate.

Pneumatic carrier according to claim 1, wherein this additionally comprises a pressure member or a tension member with attachment points for a connecting element, and between this additional pressure member or tension member and the single tension member or pressure member, a further connecting element zigzag-shaped.

Pneumatic carrier according to claim 1, wherein this additionally comprises a further pressure member and a further tension member each having attachment points for a further connecting element which extends between the further pressure member and the further tension member along this zig-zag.