EP3135819A1 - Filler tube and method for creating a filler column in the soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a filling tube and a method for creating a Füllgutsäule in the ground. The filling tube has a tubular body, which has at its lower end an outlet opening for the filling material, wherein the filling tube is designed for ramming or shaking in the ground. According to the invention it is provided that the outlet opening is surmounted by a Verdrängersteg and partially hidden, wherein a passage for the discharge of the filling material remains, and that on the underside of the Verdrängerstegs a Eindringspitze is formed.

Description

The invention relates to a filling tube for creating a Füllgutsäule in the ground, with a tubular body having at its lower end an outlet opening for the contents, wherein the filling tube is designed for ramming or shaking in the ground, according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention further relates to a method for creating a Füllgutsäule in the ground, wherein a filling tube driven into the ground and a cavity is created and introduced via an outlet opening at the lower end of the filling tube, a filling at least when pulling the filling tube into the cavity and through the Filled the Füllgutsäule is formed, according to the preamble of claim 12.

A generic filling tube and a generic method are for example from the DE 103 10 727 B4 known. The filling tube is driven with a ram or a vibrator in a soft, displaceable soil. For example, concrete, lime, gravel, sand, gravel or dry mortar can be introduced into the soil via the filling pipe. In this case, essentially vertical Füllgutsäulen be prepared by which ground is stabilized and upgraded. These columns usually extend to a load-bearing bottom layer which can accommodate higher vertical forces.

The known filling tube has on its underside a closure device with flaps. When driving the filling tube, the lower outlet opening for the filling material is closed by the closure device. When pulling the filling tube, the closure device is opened, so that the filling material through the Outlet opening can flow into the cavity created in the soil, wherein the filling column is formed.

With this known filling tube Füllgutsäulen can be efficiently created. However, the closure device and in particular the pivot joints of the flaps are susceptible to wear, especially on harder soils. If the filling tube encounters harder rock material when driven into the ground, the closure device can be damaged, so that reliable opening and closing of the closure device is no longer ensured. In such a case, the foundation work must be interrupted and the closure device repaired or replaced.

From the DE 36 12 437 A1 goes out a filling tube with a lost cap. Due to the high forces when driving the filling tube into the ground, the cap must be made correspondingly stable and therefore costly. Since this cap remains in the bottom when pulling the filling tube and is thus lost, such a method with lost cap is costly and also affects the environment.

From the US 3,270,511 is a method for creating a filling column in the soil is known in which a filling tube is used with a plurality of openings at the bottom. The openings are closed by closure elements or one-way valves during insertion into the ground. Locking devices for smaller openings are particularly susceptible to wear, so that increased cost and maintenance is given.

Continue to go out of the US 4,808,038 and the US 4,618,289 essentially cylindrical Füllgutrohre with a disc-shaped bottom plate out, which may be provided as well as the adjacent lower tube wall portion with a plurality of passage openings. Fill pipes with disc-shaped bottom plates require a considerable amount of energy and energy when driving into the ground. In addition, with smaller openings there is a risk that they will be blocked during driving by smaller rock material, whereby an outlet of the product material may be impaired.

The invention has for its object to provide a filling tube and a method for creating a Füllgutsäule in the ground, with which in a simple and stable construction of the filling tube Füllgutsäulen can be created particularly efficient and reliable.

The object is achieved by a filling tube having the features of claim 1 or by a method having the features of claim 12. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims.

According to the invention, the filling tube is characterized in that the outlet opening is surmounted by a Verdrängersteg and partially hidden, wherein a passage for the discharge of the filling material remains, and that on the underside of the Verdrängerstegs a Eindringspitze is formed.

A basic idea of the invention can be seen not to close an outlet opening at the lower end of the tubular body, but partially to cover by a Verdrängersteg. The displacer bar preferably protrudes downwards relative to the lower edge of the tubular body and forms a penetration tip for the filling tube. The indenting tip facilitates the driving of the filling tube into a soft, displaceable floor. On the other hand, the Eindringspitze displace larger rock materials laterally or smash, so that larger rocks, preferably not block the central outlet opening of the filling tube.

The displacer bar is preferably formed of steel and tapering downwards.

An improved driving of the filling tube into a bottom is achieved according to an embodiment of the invention in that in the region of the outlet opening a conical taper is formed. In particular, a lower edge region of the tubular body is chamfered around the outlet opening to form the conical taper. This can be formed by a chamfer of the pipe wall or by a funnel-shaped shaping of a lower peripheral edge of the tubular body. It may be fixed or releasably attached to the lower end of the tubular body, a partially conical end piece.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention is that the displacer bar is formed arcuate and secured to the tubular body. The bow-shaped or bow-shaped displacer bar preferably extends diagonally across the outlet opening at the lower end of the tubular body. The wall thickness of the displacer bar is smaller than a diameter of the outlet opening. At its two end regions, the displacer bar is connected to the tubular body, in particular fixed to the tubular body by welding. The displacer can be cut from a steel plate or formed by bending a steel strut.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous that at least one transverse web is provided which extends transversely to the displacer web. The crossbar can thus contribute to the stiffening and increase in stability of the displacer. Preferably, the transverse web extends laterally away from the displacer web and is also fastened to the lower edge of the tubular body. Preferably, the one or more transverse webs are also arranged obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the tubular body, so that a grid-like tip is formed at the lower end of the tubular body. Due to the at least one transverse strut, the outlet opening is additionally protected, but not completely covered.

This embodiment is further developed according to the invention in a preferred manner in that the displacer and the at least one crossbar are arranged crosswise to each other, wherein the outlet opening is divided into four opening areas. The cross section may also be a single continuous transverse web, which extends diagonally across the outlet opening and connected in a central region with the displacer, in particular welded. However, it can also be provided two or more transverse webs, which extend only over a portion of the outlet opening to the displacer back.

For a good penetration into the ground, it is advantageous according to a further embodiment of the invention that the outlet opening and the Verdrängerspitze are arranged centrally to a drilling axis of the tubular body. The single outlet opening is equal to or smaller than the cross section of the cavity of the tubular body. In principle, the filling tube can have any outer contour. According to the invention, an advantageous embodiment is that the tubular body has a round or oval cross-sectional shape. According to the shape of the tubular body and thus the shape of the filling tube, borehole-like cavities with a round or oval cross section are formed in the bottom. This then also specifies the corresponding outer shape of the filling column, if the corresponding cavity is filled with the filling material when pulling the filling tube.

Regardless of an outer contour of the tubular body, it is advantageous according to a further embodiment of the invention that the outlet opening is formed oval. In the case of an oval design, the connecting web or the transverse web extend in particular in the direction of the largest diameter of the oval outlet opening. As a result, penetration of larger rock materials into the outlet opening is counteracted particularly effectively.

To form the filling tube, it is furthermore advantageous that a supply of filling material is arranged at an upper end of the tubular body. The feed can be a hose line or a container, which is preferably at least partially conical or funnel-shaped and serves as an additional receiving space for filling material. When pulling the filling tube out of the ground, sufficient filling material can be introduced via the feed into the cavity that is released in the bottom via the outlet opening. The supply line can be permanently or detachably attached to the tubular body.

In principle, the tubular body can be formed in one piece from a tubular element. For forming particularly deep cavities and Füllgutsäulen in the ground, it is preferred according to an embodiment of the invention that the tubular body is formed of a plurality of pipe sections, which are detachably connected to each other. At the respective pipe sections well-known connection areas are provided with which the individual pieces of pipe can be releasably connected to each other.

Furthermore, the invention comprises an apparatus for creating a Füllgutsäule with a piling or Rüttelantrieb and a mast along which a filling tube is movably supported and driven by means of the piling and Rüttelantriebes in the ground, according to the invention, a filling tube is provided, such as it was previously described. Devices with a piling or Rüttelantrieb for driving a filling tube are basically known in the art. These are essentially conventional civil engineering machines, which usually have a crawler undercarriage and a rotatable superstructure with the drive and control units. On the upper carriage a substantially vertically directed mast is arranged along which the Rammoder Rüttelantrieb is movably mounted. The piling or Rüttelantrieb is coupled via a standard connection device with the filling tube. About the drive corresponding ramming or shaking forces are transmitted to the filling tube, so that the filling tube can be driven into a soft ground under soil displacement. The driving can be done by means of ramming, that is, a striking application of force, or by means of shaking, that is, a vibrating application of force.

With regard to the method, the object mentioned in the introduction is achieved by using a filling tube, as described above.

With the inventive method Füllgutsäulen can be created in soils. With these Füllgutsäulen particular the load capacity of a soil can be increased, so that on this structures can be created. The filling material to be introduced may in particular be mortar, concrete, lime, gravel, sand, gravel or dry mortar. However, there are also other pourable contents used.

A preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is that the filling tube is already filled at least partially with filling material when it is driven into the ground to form the cavity. As a result, penetration of soil material into the interior of the filling tube is prevented or at least made more difficult.

According to a further embodiment variant of the method according to the invention, provision is made for the filling tube to be pulled stepwise in order to form the packed column and repeatedly lowered for compacting the filling material introduced into the bottom. By gradually pulling and again partially lowering the filling tube, a particularly dense and therefore stable filling column can be produced in the soil.

Fig. 1:

eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Erstellen einer Füllgutsäule und

Fig. 2:

eine perspektivische Teilansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Füllrohres.

The invention will be further elucidated on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments, which are illustrated schematically in the attached drawings. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1:

a side view of a device according to the invention for creating a Füllgutsäule and

Fig. 2:

a partial perspective view of a filling tube according to the invention.

According to Fig. 1 For example, a device 50 according to the invention for producing a filling column has a carrier device 51, which in the illustrated embodiment comprises a tracked chassis as an undercarriage 52 with a superstructure 54 rotatably mounted thereon. On the superstructure 54, the drive units and an operator station are arranged in a known manner. Via an articulated kinematics 58, a substantially vertical mast 56 is adjustably mounted on the superstructure 54. The mast 56 is formed in the illustrated embodiment as a leader. Along the mast 56 a vibrator 60 is movably mounted. The vibratory drive 60 has in a known manner rotating unbalance units for generating vibrations. The vibrator 60 may also be referred to as a vibratory bear.

On the underside of the Rüttelantriebes 60, a holding device 62 is provided, with which a filling tube 10 is held with an elongated tubular body 12 along the mast 56 and connected to the Rüttelantrieb 60. By applying targeted vibrations by the Rüttelantrieb 60 and driving down the Rüttelantriebes 60 along the mast 56, the filling tube 10 can be driven with a bottom arranged Verdrängersteg 20 and Eindringspitze 22 in a soft, displaceable floor.

About a designed as a hose supply 30 at the upper end of the filling tube 10, a flowable or pourable filling material from a product container, not shown via an outlet opening at the lower end portion of the filling tube 10 in particular when retracting the filling tube 10 are introduced from the ground in this. In this way, the cavity formed by the filling tube 10 when retracting the filling tube 10 can be completely filled with filling material, a Füllgutsäule be created to stabilize and increase the carrying capacity of the soil.

In Fig. 2 a lower end region of the filling tube according to the invention 10 is shown in more detail, which in the apparatus 50 according to Fig. 1 is used. The filling tube 10 comprises a tubular body 12, at the lower end region of which an end piece 14 with a conical taper 16 directed to the tube axis is arranged. The conical taper 16 is only partially formed, so that a conical trunk is formed, which ends in a central oval-shaped outlet opening 18. Across the outlet opening 18 extends a plate-shaped connecting web 20, which projects beyond the outlet opening 18 in the forward drive direction. An outer contour of the connecting web 20 is formed tapering down, wherein a central indenting tip 22 is formed.

For additional stiffening of the displacer web 20, two transverse webs 24, 25 are provided in a crosswise arrangement, which extend laterally away from the displacer web 20 from the area of the indenting tip 22. The displacer web 20 and the two transverse webs 24, 25 are welded in the region of the taper 16 and thus firmly connected to the tubular body 12.

Due to the crosswise arrangement of Verdrängersteg 20 and the two transverse webs 24, 25, the outlet opening 18 is partially hidden down, but not closed. In this way, a passage 26 is formed for filling material, which is divided in the illustrated embodiment in four opening areas 28 through the connecting web 20 and the two transverse webs 24, 25.

The outer edges of the connecting web 20 and the two transverse webs 24, 25 taper down to the axis of the tubular body 12, so that a cross-like or lattice-like Verdrängerspitze is formed. By this arrangement, a facilitated driving the filling tube 10 is achieved in the soil, which can be laterally deflected or smashed by the webs harder rock material. Overall, this ensures that rock material can not or only to a limited extent enter the outlet opening 18 and block it.

Claims (14)

Filling tube for creating a filling column in the bottom, with a tubular body (12) having at its lower end an outlet opening (18) for the filling material, wherein the filling tube (10) is designed for ramming or shaking in the ground,
characterized, - That the outlet opening (18) of a Verdrängersteg (20) surmounted and partially hidden, wherein a passage (26) for the discharge of the filling material remains, and - That at the bottom of Verdrängerstegs (20) a Eindringpitze (22) is formed. Filling pipe according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that a conical taper (16) is formed in the region of the outlet opening (18). Filling pipe according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
in that the displacer web (20) is arc-shaped and fastened to the tubular body (12). Filling pipe according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
in that at least one transverse web (24, 25) is provided, which extends transversely to the displacer web (20). Filling pipe according to claim 4,
characterized,
in that the displacer web (20) and the at least one transverse web (24, 25) are arranged crosswise relative to one another, the outlet orifice (18) being subdivided into four opening regions (28). Filling pipe according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
in that the outlet opening (18) and the indenting tip (22) are arranged centrally relative to a tube axis of the tubular body (12). Filling pipe according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the tubular body (12) has a round or oval cross-sectional shape. Filling pipe according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that the outlet opening (18) is oval. Filling pipe according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized,
that a feeder (30) is arranged for filling on an upper end of the tubular body (12). Filling pipe according to one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized,
in that the tubular body (12) is formed from a plurality of tubular pieces which are releasably connected to one another. Device for creating a filling column with - A piling or Rüttelantrieb (60) and - A mast (56), along which a filling tube (10) movably supported and by means of the pounding or Rüttelantriebes (60) is driven into the ground, characterized,
that a fill tube (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10. Method for creating a filling column in the ground, in which - A filling tube (10) driven into the ground and a cavity is created and a filling material is introduced into the cavity via an outlet opening (18) at the lower end of the filling tube (10), at least when pulling the filling tube (10), and the filling product column is formed by the filling material, characterized,
in that a filling tube (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10 is used. Method according to claim 12,
characterized,
that the filling tube (10) is already filled at least partially with filling material when it is driven into the ground to form the cavity. Method according to claim 12 or 13,
characterized,
in that the filling tube (10) is pulled stepwise to form the filling column and repeatedly lowered for compacting the filling material introduced into the bottom.

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