EP3128810A1 - Dispositif d'alimentation de moyens d'éclairage en énergie de manière à augmenter leur durée de vie, avec diminution des pics de courant/voltage - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation de moyens d'éclairage en énergie de manière à augmenter leur durée de vie, avec diminution des pics de courant/voltage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3128810A1
EP3128810A1 EP16189870.5A EP16189870A EP3128810A1 EP 3128810 A1 EP3128810 A1 EP 3128810A1 EP 16189870 A EP16189870 A EP 16189870A EP 3128810 A1 EP3128810 A1 EP 3128810A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oder
der
energy
und
switch
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Granted
Application number
EP16189870.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3128810B1 (fr
Inventor
Andre Sudhaus
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Elmos Semiconductor SE
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Elmos Semiconductor SE
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
    • H05B45/24—Controlling the colour of the light using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • H05B45/48—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs organised in strings and incorporating parallel shunting devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/54—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits in a series array of LEDs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/56—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits involving measures to prevent abnormal temperature of the LEDs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit for supplying power to a sequential circuit of typically non-linear loads by means of a current source.
  • the load is a series circuit of LEDs.
  • This current-driven load preferably an LED series circuit, consisting of one to N elements and is to be partially short-circuited or dimmed.
  • one switch For each of the non-linear loads connected in series, one switch is typically connected in parallel. These are each opened and / or closed.
  • the current through the resulting voltage change is a combination of the current of the current source and the changing voltage of a typically existing energy storage and thus is no longer determined directly from the power source.
  • a current source can be, for example, a current-controlled DC / DC converter.
  • the device should be able to detect faulty consumers.
  • current source in the context of this invention generally means a source for the supply of electrical energy.
  • a power source in the narrower sense alternatively offers a switching regulator. It is crucial that electrical energy can be introduced into the output node by the provision of electrical current and / or electrical voltage.
  • the object is achieved by an evaluation of the current in the loads 4 during the switching transition to the switching elements 3 by a current-measuring element 5 or by a regulator 6.
  • the task of the controller 6 is to evaluate either the voltage or the voltage change rate dU / dt at the energy storage 2 or the current change at the measuring element 5 or at both components in order to predetermine the operation within a predefined operating state space, to check and thus to ensure.
  • the life of the diodes can thereby be significantly increased by attenuating peak currents through the device described and controlled controlled.
  • Another advantage of the described apparatus and method is the possibility of adaptive control, which under given constraints such as e.g. the aging of components z. B. the age-related change in capacity 2, the shortest possible transient reversal of the switching elements 3 allows.
  • the power source 1 in FIG. 1 supplies the current and the energy for the series-connected consumers 4, 10.
  • these are, for example, a first light-emitting diode 4 and a second light-emitting diode 10.
  • LED light-emitting diodes will be discussed below.
  • the energy storage device 2 in this case is a capacitor 2, which buffers the voltage at the output node 7 of the current source 1. This happens in this exemplary case via an optional series resistor 14 between the output node 7 of the current source 1 and the terminal node 8 of the capacitor 2, which acts as an energy storage 2.
  • the other pole of the capacitor 2 is connected to ground in this example.
  • the first LED 4 and the second LED 10 are respectively associated with a corresponding first switch 3 and a second switch 9, which bridge the LEDs 4, 10 by CLOSE or OPEN and so the energy distribution within the LED chain from these LEDs 4, 10 can change.
  • the energy source that is, the current source 1
  • the thus detected signal 11 is supplied to the controller 6, which typically also the energy content of the energy storage device 2, for example by a potential measurement of the node 8 of a capacitor 2, monitored. In addition, it makes sense to also monitor the voltage of the feed node 7, whereby by means of the aforementioned second shunt resistor 14, a measurement of the current into and out of the energy storage is possible.
  • the energy content of the capacitor or the energy storage device 2 can be used to determine the rates of change of the energy content.
  • FIG. 2 shows a realization of a system in which only one consumer 10 in a chain of two Nutzsuitern 4, 10 is regulated.
  • the invention also includes much more complicated variants of the regulator 6, which will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the spirit of the invention.
  • the following describes some of the possible extensions of such a controller.
  • the controller 6 now compares the voltage drop across the exemplary shunt resistor 5 at the node 11 with an exemplary reference voltage V ref , which acts as a predefinable setpoint reference.
  • the controller can be designed, for example, as a P, PI, PID or PD controller. More complex control transfer functions of controller 6 with multi-dimensional, d. H. Multi-parameter input and output signals are naturally conceivable and, in particular in the case of more complicated topologies, as described below, makes sense.
  • the device according to the invention thus serves to supply a circuit with at least one consumer. It has at least one power source 1.
  • the energy supply is via at least one energy storage 2 in the form of z. B. a capacitor, batteries, etc. stabilized. In this energy storage 2, it may also be a coil, which is for example inserted serially into the circuit.
  • Both current source 1 and energy storage 2 feed energy into a first output node 7. About said output node 7, said consumers 4 are at least temporarily supplied with energy. It is also conceivable that the system is not always active.
  • the energy storage 2 always supplies energy when the energy supply of the power source 1 for the supply of the consumer 4, 10 is not sufficient and the energy storage 2 still has sufficient energy content.
  • This sufficient energy content is permanently measured and predicted by the controller 6 and suitable measuring points 8, 7 in the system. If the energy removal by the loads 4, 10 from the combined energy source from the current source 1 and the energy store 2 is too high or too low, then the total load 4, 10 is changed as a manipulated variable for the correction of this situation.
  • This is another essential inventive idea. Therefore, in the case of two consumers to at least one of said two consumers 4 at least one switch 9 must be connected in parallel. The latter can thus bridge at least one of the consumers 10 in order to lower the internal resistance of the total load of the consumers 4, 10 as required or to eliminate such bridging, to increase the internal resistance of the total load of the consumers 4, 10.
  • the device according to the invention has a measuring device 5, which is capable of the current value for detecting the total load 4, 10 flowing through electric current and thus usually the rate of change of current or a higher time derivative of the current through the sequential interconnection of said Consumers 4, 10 to measure.
  • the measurement of the derivatives allows a prognosis of the current development and thus a timely counter-regulation of the load 4, 10. It also makes sense to capture the remaining energy content of the energy storage device 2 by means of at least one further measuring device 14.
  • the energy conversion in the total load of the consumers 4, 10 can be calculated from the voltage drop between the nodes 7 and 11 and that between the node 11 and ground.
  • the control by the controller 6 is effected in such a way that, as already described, it opens or closes at least one of the switches 3, 9 depending on at least one of the previously determined values or changes its forward resistance so that the tolerance values of the current do not be exceeded or fallen below.
  • one of the switches 3, 9 it does not make sense for one of the switches 3, 9 to be opened or increased in its forward resistance if the measured current through the entirety of the consumers 4, 10 is below a predetermined value I min1 .
  • the analog applies to the case when the magnitude of the measured current slew rate is below a predetermined value I min_sp1 or when the magnitude of the measured higher time derivative of the current is below a predetermined value I min_ac1 .
  • the average duration of the closure or für druchlass resistors of the switches 3, 9 is reduced at least temporarily with respect to a time period when the measured current through the totality of consumers 4.10 above a predetermined value I max2 .
  • the average duration of the closure or ON resistance reduction of one of the switches 3, 9 is reduced in relation to a time period when the magnitude of the measured current slew rate is above a predetermined value I max_sp2 or if the magnitude of the measured higher time derivative of the current is above a predetermined value I max_ac2 lies.
  • the average duration of the closure or ON resistance reduction of one of the switches 3, 9 is increased at least temporarily when the measured current is below a predetermined value I min2 , the magnitude of the measured current slew rate is below a predetermined value I min_sp2 , or the magnitude the measured higher time derivative of the current is below a predetermined value I min_ac2 .
  • the average duration of the closure or fürflußwiderstandsverring mecanic one of the switches 3, 9 is reduced at least temporarily with respect to a time period when the measured energy content of the energy storage device 2 below a predetermined value W es_min2 or the amount of the measured energy content change rate of the energy storage device 2 above a predetermined value W es_max_sp2 is or the amount of the measured higher time derivative of the energy content of the energy storage is above a predetermined value W es_max_ac2 .
  • these capacitor voltages for the case of a capacitor can instead be taken as energy storage 2 in relation to corresponding voltage limits U es_min 2 , U es_max_sp 2 , U es_max_ac 2 as a measure for the decision to initiate these measures , So if in the claims of the energy content and the comparison of the energy content and / or its temporal derivations with a value is mentioned, then this means not only an energy content and its derivatives, but also all physical Quantities that allow an equivalent statement and their corresponding analog limits.
  • the average duration of the closure or fürflußwiderstandsverring réelle one of the switches 3, 9 at least temporarily increased in relation to a time period when the measured energy content of the energy storage device 2 is above a predetermined value U es_min3 or the amount of measured energy content change rate below a predetermined value U es_max_sp3 or the average duration of the closure or fürflußwiderstandsverring réelle one of the switches 3, 9 is increased at least temporarily relative to a time period when the amount of the measured higher time derivative of the energy content of the energy storage device 2 is below a predetermined value U es_min_ac3 .
  • the switches 3, 9, which are typically power transistors, are driven by a regulating element 6, a regulator 6. This is done so that the current flowing through the entirety of the loads 4, 10 is detected during a switching operation by the measuring element 5 and is used as a controlled variable of this regulating element 6.
  • the control is done by a power transistor 3, 9, which then limits the current, for example, to a value less than 1.1 or 1.2 or 1.4 times or twice the value flowing without switching by the consumer. This means that the overshoot of the current is thereby limited to 10% or 20% or 40% or 100%.
  • an undershoot is limited, for example, to 10%, 20%, 50% or 70% of this value by the power transistor 3, 9 is suitably controlled by the regulating element 6 again.
  • the current through the totality of the consumers 4, 10 is also detected during a switching operation by the measuring element 5 and used as a controlled variable of the regulating element 6.
  • limit the power transistors 3, 9, the current to a value greater than the 0.9 or 0.8 or 0.5 or 0.3 times in turn the value that flows without switching operation by the consumer 4, 10.
  • serial consumer strings for example, from a first consumer string of two serially connected consumers 4, 10 and a second consumer string from two other serially connected consumers 17, 19 are supplied in parallel from a power source 1.
  • This arrangement can be advantageously used for load distribution between the two consumer strands.
  • a current measuring point 22 may be provided for the total current in both load strands, and for each load line to have a respective current measuring device 5, 21.
  • the switches 3, 9, 16, 18 are controlled by the controller 6 via the control lines 12, 13, 23, 24.
  • shunt resistors 14, 22, 5, 21 are used as exemplary current measuring points.
  • the corresponding potentials of the associated nodes 7, 8, 20, 11, 25 are supplied as exemplary input signals to the controller 6, which generates therefrom the control signals 12, 13, 23, 24 for the switches 3, 9, 16, 18.
  • the measuring element 22 may also consist of several such elements 5, 21 in the individual branches with subsequent summation or a vectorial range specification or in a measuring element 22 in star points.
  • a source 1 can be advantageously brought about by modulation of the switching elements 3 by the controller 6, a predetermined current distribution in these loads.
  • This modulation of the switching elements 3 by the controller 6 can be done for example by means of analog impedance variations or discrete-time by PWM control. This is of particular interest because otherwise the current distribution on the at least two branches can change uncontrollably.
  • the number of switching operations in the consumer network that may overlap can be limited. It thus makes sense that during switching on and / or off, ie the OPENING or CLOSING, or the change of the forward resistance of a first switch, for example the switch 4, no second switch or only a predetermined number of second switch is turned on or off or is changed in his / her on-resistance.
  • An advantageous design of this overlap represents the simultaneous OPENING and CLOSING of two N switches N 3 in such a way that the predetermined nominal value remains constant during the transitions.
  • a device according to the invention can also have a plurality of branches of serial connections of consumers connected in parallel, these in turn each individually representing a device according to the invention.
  • a branch may be a device not according to the invention if its influence is influenced by the control capabilities of the invention Branch can be compensated. In the simplest case, it may therefore be a single consumer, which is connected in parallel to a series circuit of two consumers or even only a single consumer and possibly also has a switch. In such a consumer network, there may be other energy stores and power sources at various points, which possibly stabilize and limit the power in individual branches.
  • the opening and closing operation of a switch can be interrupted by the controller 6, if the system response in the form of the temporal current change of one of the currents at one or more of the measuring points 14, 22, 5, 21 does not occur within a tolerance band around a temporal change setpoint function.
  • the tolerance band may also be a tolerance band with a multidimensional cross section. In this case, for example, a four-dimensional cross-section.
  • a short circuit of the load 4 can be detected if the current does not rise when the switch 3 is CLOSED but, for example, remains the same.
  • the controller 6 can then depending on the specification on the one hand to change the controller function or even cancel the opening and closing process completely and / or other switches OPEN or CLOSE or otherwise change their state or change the topology of the device.
  • FIG. 4 After all FIG. 4 should be mentioned that in a series connection of multiple consumers 4, 10, 17, the energy consumption of the individual consumers 4, 10, 17 can be controlled in total and relative to each other. As an example, the control of an RGB light-emitting diode unit for the color irradiation of an object O will be described here.
  • a PWM modulation of the activity of the consumers 4, 10, 17 is used. If the three consumers 4, 10, 17 are, for example, three LEDs in the three primary colors red, yellow, blue, then the Y signal causes the brightness of all three diodes, with M and K the color vector, ie the relative brightness the three diodes regulated to each other. Since the perception by humans is strongly non-linear, it makes sense if, if necessary, a correction of the color vector by a correction function of the controller 6 takes place as a function of the Y signal and further brightness-determining parameters.
  • a brightness-determining parameter in this sense would be, for example, the energy supply of the power source and the energy content of the energy storage 2 and their derivatives.
  • FIG. 4 shows only the regulation of the color reflection from the object O, moreover.
  • the controller can exchange state data via an interface IF with a control device, for example a data processing system.
  • These status data may be, for example, error states, switching states of the switching signals 13, 12, 23 and thus control values, values of the sensors 26 and the current measuring points 14, 5 and voltages at the nodes 7, 11.
  • Another control parameter may be the temperature of the system or parts of the system, in particular the temperature of the consumer 4, 10, 17 or the switch 13, 12, 23 or the power source 1.
  • a corresponding sensor is however in FIG. 4 not shown, but is also evaluated by the controller 6.
  • a typical control algorithm of the controller 6 is then selected so that always the energy extraction from the two energy sources, the current source 1 and the energy storage 2 corresponds to a maximum value or an internally or externally predetermined value or the current value of a predetermined external control function of the time, if not the energy extraction is limited by other factors, for example, in this example, the brightness default or the temperature of system components. For example, it is conceivable that a constant value is set or that at certain night times in the case of LEDs different brightnesses are set as loads.
  • the controller 6 or another component for example a ⁇ -controller, which receives data from the controller 6 via an interface IF, determines a measured value for the state of the consumer.
  • the control function of the controller 6 is changed depending on the deviation from such a desired function.
  • the measured value determined in this way can also be a binary measured value. For example, it is conceivable that the measured value means "defective" or "not defective".

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
EP16189870.5A 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de moyens d'eclairage en energie de maniere a augmenter leur duree de vie, avec diminution des pointes de courant/voltage Active EP3128810B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13178386.2A EP2833699A1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2013-07-29 Dispositif d'alimentation de, et réduction de pointes de courant/tension en, diodes électroluminescentes
PCT/EP2014/065943 WO2015014713A1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif permettant l'alimentation, avec augmentation de la durée de vie, de moyens d'éclairage en énergie
EP14742240.6A EP3028544B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de, et réduction de pointes de courant/tension en, diodes électroluminescentes

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14742240.6A Division EP3028544B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de, et réduction de pointes de courant/tension en, diodes électroluminescentes
EP14742240.6A Division-Into EP3028544B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de, et réduction de pointes de courant/tension en, diodes électroluminescentes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3128810A1 true EP3128810A1 (fr) 2017-02-08
EP3128810B1 EP3128810B1 (fr) 2018-09-12

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Family Applications (7)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13178386.2A Withdrawn EP2833699A1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2013-07-29 Dispositif d'alimentation de, et réduction de pointes de courant/tension en, diodes électroluminescentes
EP16189873.9A Active EP3128812B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de moyens d'eclairage en energie de maniere a augmenter leur duree de vie, avec diminution des pics de courant/voltage
EP16189851.5A Active EP3128809B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de moyens d'eclairage en energie de maniere a augmenter leur duree de vie, avec diminution des pics de courant/voltage
EP16189870.5A Active EP3128810B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de moyens d'eclairage en energie de maniere a augmenter leur duree de vie, avec diminution des pointes de courant/voltage
EP14742240.6A Active EP3028544B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de, et réduction de pointes de courant/tension en, diodes électroluminescentes
EP16189871.3A Active EP3128811B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de moyens d'eclairage en energie de maniere a augmenter leur duree de vie, avec diminution des pointes de courant/voltage
EP16189877.0A Active EP3128813B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de moyens d'eclairage en energie de maniere a augmenter leur duree de vie, avec diminution des pointes de courant/voltage

Family Applications Before (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13178386.2A Withdrawn EP2833699A1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2013-07-29 Dispositif d'alimentation de, et réduction de pointes de courant/tension en, diodes électroluminescentes
EP16189873.9A Active EP3128812B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de moyens d'eclairage en energie de maniere a augmenter leur duree de vie, avec diminution des pics de courant/voltage
EP16189851.5A Active EP3128809B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de moyens d'eclairage en energie de maniere a augmenter leur duree de vie, avec diminution des pics de courant/voltage

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14742240.6A Active EP3028544B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de, et réduction de pointes de courant/tension en, diodes électroluminescentes
EP16189871.3A Active EP3128811B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de moyens d'eclairage en energie de maniere a augmenter leur duree de vie, avec diminution des pointes de courant/voltage
EP16189877.0A Active EP3128813B1 (fr) 2013-07-29 2014-07-24 Dispositif d'alimentation de moyens d'eclairage en energie de maniere a augmenter leur duree de vie, avec diminution des pointes de courant/voltage

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US (1) US9686830B2 (fr)
EP (7) EP2833699A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015014713A1 (fr)

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FR3040853A1 (fr) * 2015-09-07 2017-03-10 Stmicroelectronics (Grenoble 2) Sas Optical pulse emitter
CN105611679B (zh) * 2016-03-18 2017-06-16 黎辉 一种led灯单火线智能控制装置
JP6799939B2 (ja) * 2016-04-22 2020-12-16 ローム株式会社 発光素子駆動用半導体集積回路、発光素子駆動装置、発光装置、車両
US9769898B1 (en) * 2016-12-08 2017-09-19 Nxp B.V. Adjusted pulse width modulation (PWM) curve calculations for improved accuracy
JP6988467B2 (ja) * 2017-12-27 2022-01-05 株式会社デンソー 車両用前方照明装置、断線検出方法
US11330689B2 (en) * 2019-10-30 2022-05-10 Innolux Corporation Display device

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US20120223649A1 (en) 2009-08-18 2012-09-06 Eldolab Holding B.V. Control unit for led assembly and lighting system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100194274A1 (en) 2007-07-23 2010-08-05 Nxp B.V. Light emitting diode (led) arrangement with bypass driving
DE102009025752A1 (de) 2009-05-06 2010-12-09 Lear Corp. Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Ansteuerung einer Last
US20110199003A1 (en) * 2009-07-14 2011-08-18 Nichia Corporation Light-emitting diode driving apparatus and light-emitting diode lighting controlling method
US20120223649A1 (en) 2009-08-18 2012-09-06 Eldolab Holding B.V. Control unit for led assembly and lighting system
US20110260617A1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. Lighting device, headlamp apparatus and vehicle using same
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3128813B1 (fr) 2018-09-19
EP3128813A1 (fr) 2017-02-08
EP3028544B1 (fr) 2018-01-03
EP3128811B1 (fr) 2018-09-12
EP3128812A1 (fr) 2017-02-08
EP3128812B1 (fr) 2018-09-12
EP3128810B1 (fr) 2018-09-12
WO2015014713A1 (fr) 2015-02-05
EP2833699A1 (fr) 2015-02-04
US20160165678A1 (en) 2016-06-09
EP3128809A1 (fr) 2017-02-08
US9686830B2 (en) 2017-06-20
EP3128809B1 (fr) 2018-07-18
EP3128811A1 (fr) 2017-02-08
EP3028544A1 (fr) 2016-06-08

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