EP3127671B1 - Device for stripping of flowable material - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for stripping flowable material in the production of moldings in a molding die, with a molding die, above which at least one horizontally displaceable Füllkastenwagen is arranged, on which a mold die facing the scraper element is movably mounted, wherein a device for mutual displacement the stripping element is provided in an opposite, substantially vertical direction between a position resting on an upper side of the mold die and a position displaced upward relative thereto, and the displacement of the stripping element is coupled to the movement of the filling box carriage via a guide device.

Such a device is known from JP S59 176010 A known. Comparable device are also in the DE 413 637 C as well as the US 2014/048964 A1 disclosed.

From the prior art, the use of above most of a plurality of forming dies displaceable Füllkastenwagen for the production of plate or plaster products is known. In this case, the flowable plate or molding material is introduced into the Füllkastenwagen and delivered during their displacement on the molding dies in this. In order to remove excess material projecting over a plane formed by the upper edge of the molding dies as a result of the filling operation, scraper elements are provided.

In addition to the goal of producing a product with the respective intended use corresponding strength properties, high demands are placed on the appearance and the surface quality, especially for higher-quality products. However, the surface quality may be compromised by a stripping operation performed unidirectionally by the flowable sheet material wedge generally forming prior to the stripping element. In particular, this wedge formation leads to entrainment or tearing out of the surface material quality mitstaltendem header material from the plate material on the back of the stripping.

From the CN 203579848U is a scraper of the type mentioned above, in which case a pneumatically driven scraper is provided. In such pneumatically or hydraulically driven stripping a measuring system is additionally required to determine the current position of the Füllkastenwagens.
To counteract a wedge the sees DE 103 61 460 A1 a stripping element, which is displaced transversely to the direction of movement of a filling carriage, in a plane defined by the top of a mold, alternately in opposite directions. In this way, shearing forces between the entrained concrete mixture and the scraper are to be generated when reversing direction, which are sufficient to avoid the entrainment of adhering concrete mixture. For this purpose, the stripping element is connected to a support device which can be displaced periodically in the transverse directions by an engine acting in the horizontal direction.
From the DE 102 17 523 A1 For example, there is provided a device for preventing surface imperfections, such as concrete blocks, which includes motorized means that vibrate an end wall of a drawer-receiving drawer while the drawer travels back over just-filled dies. As a result, adhesion or entrainment of the concrete is avoided on the drawer during its return movement.
The known devices thus aim to solve by means of shear forces or vibrations adhering to a scraper material. For this purpose, a dedicated engine is required.

From the WO 2011/094118 A1 a different device is known in which defined molding dies of a plurality of molding dies are filled with additional material, for which the defined molding dies are surrounded by a raised edge on which a scraper member slides up and down.
Other types of devices that are not avoiding The purpose of a wedge, but rather serve to produce a height profile filled in a mold in a concrete form, for example, from US 2010007051A1 or DE 2605514 A1 known.

It is an object of the invention to provide a device which avoids or at least reduces the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular - unlike the known solutions, the wedge formation - should be temporarily interrupted or reduced, creating a relatively uniform surface of the produced Product is to be achieved and also a lateral limitation of the spread of the excess, stripped material is to be achieved during the stripping process.

This object is achieved by a device according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are specified in the dependent claims.

Accordingly, according to the invention, an alternating displacement of the stripping element in opposite, substantially vertical direction, i. is provided perpendicular to the direction of movement, between a resting on an upper side of the mold die position and a contrast shifted upward position, wherein the displacement of the scraper is coupled via a guide device to the movement of the Füllkastenwagens. As a result, advantageously, a, preferably periodic, high / low movement of the scraper element is achieved. If the wiping element is thus temporarily arranged in an upwardly displaced position, the wedge formation is (largely) interrupted and thus a relatively uniform surface of the product to be produced, in particular a concrete block or the like, is achieved. The high / low movement of the scraper element is thus achieved via a (passive) guide device.

To make the device as simple and inexpensive as possible, ie in particular to be able to save a separate drive device for the up / down movement of the stripping, the displacement of the scraper element via a guide device coupled to the displacement of the Füllkastenwagens. The Füllkastenwagen, which initially receives the flowable material, hereinafter referred to as molding material from which the moldings are made, is designed for a substantially horizontal displacement or displacement above and along the forming die (s) and are during movement over the Forming die (s) the flowable material in this. For the displacement of the Füllkastenwagen preferably has a transport device, in particular rollers, which are in engagement with a separate corresponding guide means, for example, mounted on the molding dies guide rails. For the displacement of the Füllkastenwagens is conveniently an electrically, hydraulically or otherwise operated drive unit, preferably a hydraulic cylinder provided. The stripping element is movably mounted in opposite directions in the direction of the underside of the filling box carriage facing the forming dies, in order to strip off flowable or tough material after filling in the forming dies, without causing undesired surface damage, for example recesses in the area of already stripped material. The flowable material may include uncured concrete. In contrast to known devices, which necessarily have additional drive units for the alternate displacement of the stripping in opposite directions, it is thus advantageously provided that the displacement of the stripping is coupled via a substantially mechanically formed guide device to the displacement of the Füllkastenwagens. Thus, provided for the displacement of the Füllkastenwagens drive unit is also used for the displacement of the scraper. A separate motor-driven drive unit for the stripping element or a control provided for a separate drive unit is therefore not required. The guide device is designed for the transformation of the longitudinal movement of the Füllkastenwagens on the molding dies in the alternate displacement of the scraper in opposite directions.

The stripping element is a stripping frame with two frame sides pointing in the direction of successive molding matrices and at least one perpendicular thereto and thus arranged connected transverse side. The scraper frame having at least three walls and, for example, a U-shaped design, advantageously has a rear scraper wall viewed in the direction of movement over the forming dies as a transverse side and two frame sides or side walls. The sidewalls serve to laterally limit the propagation of the excess, stripped material during the stripping operation, and are preferably arranged substantially in an imaginary extension of the sidewalls of the molding dies. In this way, the stripped material is guided within the Abstreifrahmens and can during the displacement of the Füllkastenwagens or the associated Abstreifrahmens on the forming dies without Further measures for the filling of any areas with insufficient fill level are used. Remaining excess material can be collected and reused at the end of individual stripped forming dies.

In order to be able to reliably pull off the molding material along the entire upper side of the molding dies, it is particularly favorable if the guiding device is designed for vertical displacement of the scraping element, in particular of the scraping frame. In this way, the stripping element or the stripping frame is moved up and down during the displacement of the filling box carriage along the molding dies perpendicular to its direction of movement in the vertical direction. The side walls of the scraper frame may be conveniently extended towards the bottom of the forming dies to provide reliable lateral guidance for the stripped material even in the uppermost position of the scraper frame. In contrast to a known from the prior art lateral movement in opposite directions in the plane of the top of the molding dies, in which a lateral displacement of the scraper frame during the longitudinal movement along the mold matrices can leave unstripped areas, in particular a non-stripped corner, is by means of the alternating lifting and lowering movement reliably deducted the entire surface area of the molding dies. The alternating lifting and lowering movement in this case prevents adhesion of an increasingly larger material wedge on the stripping element or frame, which material wedge attachment material would tear out of the already removed surface area.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that the guide device has at least one guide rail which has elevations and depressions in the direction of successive molding dies and at least one engagement element which engages along the guide rail and is arranged on a frame side. By arranging the engagement element attached to the stripping frame with respect to the rigid guide rail having elevations and depressions in such a way is that it runs along the guide rails during the displacement of the Füllkastenwagens along the molding dies, the Abstreifrahmen is forced into a raising and lowering movement. The guide device transforms the longitudinal movement of the Füllkastenwagens in the alternate displacement of the Abstreifrahmens in opposite vertical directions. If a single guide rail and a single engagement element are provided, it is expedient to provide additionally vertically extending guide elements in order to achieve a reliable, clamping-free vertical displacement of the Abstreifrahmens. Expediently, the elevations and depressions up to their respective highest or lowest point on rising and falling transition areas with a continuous course.

In order to be able to displace the stripping frame or the stripping element particularly reliably in the vertical direction, it is favorable if the guiding device has two guide rails which have elevations and depressions in the vertical direction and which extend in the direction of successive molding dies and two in each case one guide rail on each frame side engaging, the guide rail along displaceable engagement elements. In this way, the stripping frame is stably supported on both frame sides or side walls, preferably without additional guide elements, only by means of two engagement elements engaging in a guide rail. Of course, more than two, for example, three or four engagement elements per frame side may be provided and are in engagement with the associated guide rail. Alternatively, one engagement element and one guide rail can be provided per frame side. In the case of at least two engagement elements per guide rail, front engagement elements may come to rest in a depression when rear engagement elements lie on an elevation. The scraper frame is thereby caused to a rocking movement about an imaginary axis extending transversely to the direction of successive molding dies during the longitudinal movement of the Füllkastenwagens.

A particularly expedient embodiment is characterized in that the engagement element or the engagement elements is or are each a roller mounted on a frame side. Rollers provide a cost effective and reliable embodiment of engagement elements and eliminate the use of any lubricants to reduce frictional drag between sliding engagement members and the guide rails.

For a regular lifting and lowering operation of the stripping frame or of the stripping element, it is expedient for the elevations and depressions to be arranged periodically at least in a section of the guide rail / guide rails extending along a molding die. The regular lifting and lowering process ensures that avoided by a movement of the stripping frame only in the longitudinal direction caused known negative effects on the product surface. The elevations and depressions may be arranged according to the dimensions of the product to be produced and the material at appropriately selected intervals on substantially rectilinear guide rails. Alternatively, the guide rails may be curved in the vertical direction. The longitudinal extension of each increase and depression can be selected appropriately. It is particularly advantageous if different, easily replaceable guide rails with differently arranged elevations and depressions are provided for different products, so that the lifting and lowering operation can be adapted to the respective product. For example, it may be advantageous to provide a larger height of the increase and depression in large-scale products, since it can be assumed that a larger amount of material is stripped off in comparison to small-area products and a larger material wedge forms in front of the stripping wall or frame side. The periodic arrangement of the elevations and depressions need not extend over the entire length of the guide rails.

The period length of the periodically arranged elevations and depressions can be chosen as desired. Short period lengths, which lead the scraper frame or the scraper element into a more frequent up / down movement, are particularly suitable in the case of molding materials, for which due to their composition a formation of grooves or other surface damage in slow or less frequent upward / downward movements is likely. Although the elevations and depressions are preferably arranged periodically, the period duration along one or more shape matrices may of course vary.

For a continuous lifting and lowering operation of the stripping frame or of the stripping element, it is favorable if the elevations and depressions form a triangular profile or a wave profile, in particular a sinusoidal wave profile. Of course, other, for example, trapezoidal profiles of the guide rails may be suitable for the stripping process. The continuous lifting and lowering process can guarantee product surfaces of particularly high quality.

In order to ensure a reliable removal of the molding material and entrainment of the wedge formed from excess molding material, it is advantageous if the elevations and depressions for a maximum vertical displacement of the Abstreifrahmens in the range of greater than 0 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 2 mm 10 mm are formed. The height of the maximum vertical displacement is adjusted to the desired overfilling of the matrices.

A structurally particularly simple and expedient embodiment of the invention can provide that the guide rail / guide rails is / are fastened to the molding dies. In this way, the guide rails can be arranged simply extending along the serving as a support molds. Advantageously, the guide rails can be releasably connected, for example by plugging together, clamps or screws, with the forming dies for rapid conversion. Alternatively, molding dies with different dimensions or for receiving different materials can already be provided with suitably shaped guide rails.

In order during the displacement of the Füllkastenwagens a reliable support of the Abstreifrahmens at the top of the molding dies and a reliable engagement of the engagement elements in the To ensure guide rails, may advantageously be provided that the stripper frame with at least one biasing element, preferably with at least one air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a molded rubber or elastic plastic element or a spring, in particular at least one coil spring is biased in the direction of the forming dies , Conveniently, the biasing element, such as the spring, is secured with one end to the Füllkastenwagen and with the other end of the scraper frame. If air cylinders or hydraulic cylinders are used, these expediently have a memory design in which gas or liquid is stored under pressure. An element formed of rubber or elastic plastic may for example be a rubber buffer or have silicone.

• Fig. 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Abstreifvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung mit einem Füllkastenwagen und einem Abstreifrahmen oberhalb von Formmatrizen;
• Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Füllkastenwagens mit dem Abstreifrahmen;
• Fig. 3 eine schematische Schnittansicht des Füllkastenwagens mit dem Abstreifrahmen im Eingriff mit Formmatrizen während eines Abstreifvorgangs;
• Fig. 4 eine schematische, perspektivische Ansicht eines Teils des Abstreifrahmens mit einer Rolle im Eingriff mit einer Führungsschiene; und
• Fig. 5a bis 5e Führungsschienen mit unterschiedlichen Profilen.

The invention will be explained below with reference to a preferred embodiment, to which it should not be limited, however, even further. In the drawings show:

• Fig. 1 a schematic side view of a stripping device according to the invention with a Füllkastenwagen and a Abstreifrahmen above molding dies;
• Fig. 2 a perspective view of the Füllkastenwagens with the Abstreifrahmen;
• Fig. 3 a schematic sectional view of the Füllkastenwagens with the Abstreifrahmen in engagement with forming dies during a stripping operation;
• Fig. 4 a schematic, perspective view of a portion of the Abstreifrahmens with a roller in engagement with a guide rail; and
• Fig. 5a to 5e Guide rails with different profiles.

Fig. 1 shows a stripping device 1 with a Füllkastenwagen 2 and an attached Abstreifrahmen 3 as a stripping element, which together above molding matrices 4 at least in the horizontal direction L as a feed direction, for Filling the molding dies 4 with suitable, flowable molding material M, are displaced. The Füllkastenwagen 2, which in Fig. 2 is shown in a perspective view, an upper side 5, via which the filling with molding material M takes place, a the die 4 facing bottom 6, a front wall 7, a rear wall 8 and two substantially parallel to the horizontal direction L extending side walls 9, 10th on. On each side wall 9, 10 rollers 11 are mounted, which engage for the displacement of the Füllkastenwagens 2 in the horizontal direction L in each case one of the side walls 9, 10 associated rail 12. The function of the Füllkastenwagens 2 is known in the art, so it can be dispensed with a more detailed description of the same. The stripper frame 3 is mounted on the forming dies 4 facing bottom 6 of the Füllkastenwagens 2 alternately in opposite vertical directions X1, X2 displaced. The opposite vertical directions X1, X2 are preferably substantially, though not necessarily, exactly orthogonal to the horizontal direction L, which corresponds to a longitudinal direction in which the forming dies 4 are successively filled. The stripping frame 3 has two frame sides 13 which point in the direction L of successive molding dies 4 and at least one transverse face 14 arranged substantially perpendicular thereto and connected therewith. The substantially vertical displacement of the stripper frame 3 is coupled via a guide device 15 to the horizontal displacement of the Füllkastenwagens 2. For this purpose, the guide device 15 at least one, preferably in each case one of the frame sides 13 associated, in the direction L successive molding dies 4 extending guide rail 16 in the vertical direction X1, X2 extending elevations 17 and depressions 18, see also Fig. 5a to 5e , and in engaging, in particular resting, rollers 19 as engagement elements 19 'on. The guide rail 16 is fastened to the molding dies 4, for example, by means of holding elements 20. In Fig. 1 the stripper frame 3 is shown in the highest position above the forming dies 4.

In order to move the stripping frame 3 with respect to the Füllkastenwagen 2 in the vertical direction X1, X2 without jamming and reliable, not shown with the stripping frame 3 and the Füllkastenwagen 2 connected guide elements may be provided. Likewise, the stripper frame 3 at least partially embrace the Füllkastenwagen 2 and slide along the vertical displacement on the outside of the Füllkastenwagens 2. In order to ensure a secure engagement with the guide rails 16, the stripping frame 3 by means of at least one, for example by means of four also attached to Füllkastenwagen 2 biasing elements 21 ', preferably coil springs 21, of which in Fig. 2 only three coil springs 21 are visible, biased in the direction of the forming dies 4.

Fig. 3 shows a part of the Füllkastenwagens 2 and a part of the Abstreifrahmens 3 in engagement with forming dies 4 during a stripping operation, in a schematic sectional view along the line II in FIG Fig. 2 , For clarity, the guide rails 16 in Fig. 3 not shown. Fig. 3 clearly shows the formation of a wedge K of molding material M during the stripping of filled with the molding material M, in particular overfilled molding dies 4 through the rear transverse side 14 of the Abstreifrahmens 3. Without an alternate displacement of the Abstreifrahmens 3 in opposite directions would be undesirable depressions or grooves Form R in the already stripped area behind the transverse side 14 of the Abstreifrahmens 3, whereby the surface quality of the product to be produced is impaired. The formation of such imperfections is prevented or at least reduced by the lifting and lowering movement of the stripping frame 3, as indicated in the area B of the forming die 4 'by means of the smooth surface O.

Fig. 4 shows a portion of the Abstreifrahmens 3 with an attached roller 19 in engagement with a raised portions 17 and recesses 18 having guide rail 16. In the illustration in Fig. 4 the elevations 17 and recesses 18 are arranged periodically, but deviating embodiments are not excluded within the scope of the invention.

The Fig. 5a to 5e show various exemplary embodiments of guide rails 16 with periodically arranged elevations 17 and recesses 18, wherein in the Fig. 5a to 5d substantially rectilinear guide rails 16 with according to corrugated upper edges 22 and in Fig. 5e a curved in the vertical direction, approximately sinusoidally extending guide rail 16 is shown. In detail shows Fig. 5a a guide rail 16 with individual elevations 17, while the recesses 18 are formed by the horizontally extending majority of the upper edge 22. Fig. 5b shows a guide rail 16 with sinusoidal course, Fig. 5c a guide rail 16 with triangular course and Fig. 5d a guide rail 16 with a trapezoidal course of the upper edge 22. The period length P and the value of the maximum vertical displacement V of the stripping frame 3 can be suitably selected according to the dimensions of the product to be produced and the molding material M.

For the displacement of the Füllkastenwagens 2 in the horizontal direction L, a drive unit, not shown, for example, an electric motor is provided. Due to the coupling of the vertical displacement of the Abstreifrahmens 3 to the horizontal displacement of the Füllkastenwagens 2 via the guide device 15, no additional drive unit for the stripping frame 3 is required.

As is known to the person skilled in the art, the stripped molding material M can be compacted in the molding dies 4 in an additional working step by means of a punch (not shown).

Claims (10)

1. Device (1) for scraping off flowable material (M) during production of moulded bodies in a mould cavity (4), comprising a mould cavity (4), above which at least one horizontally shiftable filling-box carriage (2) is arranged, on which a scraper element facing the mould cavity (4) is movably mounted, a device being provided for alternately shifting the scraper element in the opposite, substantially vertical direction (X1, X2) between a position in which it rests on an upper face of the mould cavity (4) and a position in which it is shifted upwards relative to said first position, and the shifting of the scraper element being coupled to the movement of the filling-box carriage (2) via a guide device (15), characterised in that the scraper element is a scraper frame (3) comprising two frame sides (13) that point in the direction (L) of successive mould cavities (4) and at least one transverse side (14) arranged at a right angle to said frame sides and connected thereto.
2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the guide device (15) is designed to vertically shift the scraper element, in particular the scraper frame (3).
3. Device (1) according to claim 2, characterised in that the guide device (15) comprises at least one guide rail (16) that comprises elevations (17) and depressions (18) in the vertical direction (X1, X2) and that extends in the direction (L) of successive mould cavities (4), and at least one engaging element (19') that engages in the guide rail, can be shifted along said guide rail (16) and is arranged on a frame side (13).
4. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the guide device (15) comprises two guide rails (16) that comprise elevations (17) and depressions (18) in the vertical direction (X1, X2) and that extend in the direction (L) of successive mould cavities (4), and on each frame side (13) two engaging elements (19') that each engage in a guide rail (16) and can be shifted along the guide rail (16).
5. Device (1) according to either claim 3 or claim 4, characterised in that the engaging element (19') or engaging elements (19') is or are in each case a roller (19) mounted on a frame side (13).
6. Device (1) according to any of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the elevations (17) and depressions (18) are arranged periodically at least in a portion of the guide rail/guide rails (16) extending along a mould cavity (4).
7. Device (1) according to any of claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the elevations (17) and depressions (18) form a triangular profile or a wave profile, in particular a sinusoidal wave profile.
8. Device (1) according to any of claims 3 to 7, characterised in that the elevations (17) and depressions (18) are designed to vertically shift (V) the scraper frame (3) to a maximum extent in the range of greater than 0 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 2 mm to 10 mm.
9. Device (1) according to any of claims 3 to 8, characterised in that the guide rail/guide rails (16) is/are fastened to the mould cavities (4).
10. Device (1) according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the scraper frame (3) is pretensioned towards the mould cavities (4) by means of at least one pretensioning element (21'), preferably by means of at least one air cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, an element moulded from rubber or resilient plastics material, or a spring, in particular at least one helical spring (21).

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