EP3122706B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur rückgewinnung von explosiven ladungen aus suspensionen mit diesen explosiven ladungen in trockenem zustand - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur rückgewinnung von explosiven ladungen aus suspensionen mit diesen explosiven ladungen in trockenem zustand Download PDF

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EP3122706B1
EP3122706B1 EP15717040.8A EP15717040A EP3122706B1 EP 3122706 B1 EP3122706 B1 EP 3122706B1 EP 15717040 A EP15717040 A EP 15717040A EP 3122706 B1 EP3122706 B1 EP 3122706B1
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Prior art keywords
cake
filter
gas
liquid
explosive charge
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3122706A1 (de
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Franck ESCARABAJAL
Mathieu FONTES
Sébastien GAVELLE
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Eurenco SA
Eurenco France SA
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Eurenco SA
Eurenco France SA
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Priority to PL15717040T priority Critical patent/PL3122706T3/pl
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0091—Elimination of undesirable or temporary components of an intermediate or finished product, e.g. making porous or low density products, purifying, stabilising, drying; Deactivating; Reclaiming
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of granular explosives (powdery explosives, without binder) for civil or military use.
  • the present invention relates to a method for recovering, from a suspension containing an explosive charge (discontinuous or dispersed phase) in a liquid (continuous phase), said explosive charge in granular and dry form.
  • Such suspensions are generally obtained after crystallization processes of molecules in solution (molecules synthesized upstream).
  • the invention also relates to a device, suitable for implementing said method.
  • the suspension in question is filtered on a static filter.
  • a cake consisting of the explosive charge in question (retained on said filter), with a high level of liquid (moisture, when the suspension in question is an aqueous suspension), is recovered.
  • the cake is then spread (manually, thinly, with suitable tools) on shelves.
  • the shelves loaded with this spread cake are put in an oven (hot) for 1 to 2 days.
  • the dry explosive charge (containing less than 0.1% (by mass) of liquid (of moisture (see above) is recovered from said shelves, in addition to the operator's manipulation of the explosive. a risk, this process has the disadvantage of being a consumer of energy (especially in the stoving phase) and require operating times of several tens of hours.
  • the patent application DE 33 38 572 discloses a method and a device for the recovery of dry matter from suspensions (containing said materials).
  • a single device containing a filter the suspensions are filtered and the cakes obtained on said filter are, after a possible wash, dislocated and converted into a fluidized bed of dry materials.
  • the action of said hot gases through the filter, from said distribution chamber), possibly combined with the mechanical action of a stirrer to pale, transform said cakes into fluidized beds of the desired solids.
  • the device described comprises a cylindrical chamber in the lower part of which is arranged on a support grid, a filter.
  • the suspension is introduced via a nozzle arranged in the upper part of the enclosure.
  • the cake generated on the filter can be washed by injecting a washing liquid via said nozzle.
  • Said nozzle given the high flow rates of gas to be delivered, has a large diameter. It is equipped with a cover that protects it from the liquid phase of the suspension (during the filtration phase) and the possible washing liquid (during the eventual washing phase of the cake). This hood also ensures the distribution in said chamber of the injected drying gases and thus the pressurization of said chamber.
  • the method of the invention therefore proposes to get rid of the liquid present in the filter cake (residual liquid that has not been removed on filtration), by subjecting said cake, as generated on the filter (at the end of step a), successively, a dewatering step (step b) and a disintegration / drying step (step c).
  • the process of the invention makes it possible to obtain explosive charges in granular (pulverulent) form and containing, by mass, less than 1% of liquid, advantageously less than 0.1% of liquid.
  • the suspensions, treated according to the process of the invention may be of the type of those treated to date according to the process of the prior art summarized in the introduction of the present text (ie generally suspensions of crystals in a non-solvent ( likely to contain a low level of solvent) obtained after the implementation of a crystallization step).
  • the method of the invention is particularly suitable (but not limited to) to treat the suspensions conventionally obtained and treated, to date, according to the technique of the prior art, involving handling and baking, summarized above.
  • the results obtained, under much more advantageous conditions (see below) are similar to, or better than, those obtained with said technique of the prior art.
  • the process of the invention is not limited to the treatment of crystal suspensions.
  • the solid phase (dispersed) suspensions involved may consist of crystals and grains, may not contain crystals and only grains.
  • the shape of the solid phase (dispersed phase) suspensions in question is not critical.
  • the constitutive particles of said solid phase must be of reasonable size (D 50 generally less than 1 mm, very generally less than 500 microns).
  • the process of the invention is generally carried out with suspensions whose mass ratio, liquid / explosive charge, is between 5 and 20 (including extreme values).
  • the gas injected during this step c of the process is obviously also an inert gas vis-à-vis the explosive charge. It can also consist in particular of air, nitrogen or helium. It also advantageously consists of air.
  • the same gas is advantageously used for the implementation of the steps b (spinning of the cake) and c (disintegration of the cake and obtaining of the fluidized bed) of the process of the invention.
  • the at least one jet impinges (directly) the filtered cake disposed on the filter to generate, in two stages, the fluidized bed (of course above said filter).
  • the gas is injected below said cake (below said filter), (directly) in contact with said cake, in two successive regimes.
  • Managing the number of jets (it is generally advantageous to inject the disintegration gas and drying the cake wrung out in the form of at least two jets), the exact position, the orientation and the power of said (said) jet (s), in order to obtain the desired result, is within the reach of the skilled person.
  • the expected result is advantageously obtained in 45 minutes to 2 hours. This time obviously depends on the moisture content and the apparent density of the explosive charge desired at the end of the process (density given by the size of the grains which is a function of the degree of disintegration of the cake).
  • the injected gas has adequate humidity and temperature. It has in fact been understood that said injected gas constitutes the means for removing the liquid remaining in the wrung cake. To ensure this function, said injected gas must have a lower moisture content than said wrung cake. Generally, this moisture content of the injected gas is much lower than that of said wrung cake: it is indeed generally less than 2% (by mass). As regards the temperature of the injected gas, it must be greater than its dew point temperature. It is generally between 20 and 70 ° C, preferably between 50 and 70 ° C. A higher temperature ensures drying in a shorter time.
  • the temperature of the injected gas gas (disintegration and) drying
  • the drying gas is thus injected dry (ie at a moisture content lower than that of the wrung cake) at a temperature which ensures efficient drying in a reasonable time.
  • the recovered liquid during the implementation of step a (filtration) and / or, very advantageously, and step b (spinning) of the process of the invention, is recovered for recycling (for the preparation of new suspensions upstream).
  • the method of the invention is suitable for treating many types of explosive charge suspensions.
  • Those skilled in the art have however already understood that its implementation is a priori more difficult to treat suspensions containing explosive charges particularly sensitive to static electricity, such as hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW or CL20).
  • HNIW hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane
  • the skilled person is able to manage the process parameters (with or without grounding of the device, advantageously with, in which it is implemented), depending on the mass of load concerned and the sensitivity of the load in question.
  • the explosive charge of the suspensions treated according to the invention may especially be chosen from the charges of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (ONTA), ammonium dinitroamide (DNA), 2,4 , 6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TATB) and trinitrotoluene (TNT). It is particularly recommended to carry out the process of the invention with the suspensions described in the patent applications.
  • WO 2010/31962 DNA suspensions
  • WO 2006/108991 DNA suspensions
  • WO US 4,894,462 ONTA suspensions.
  • the explosive charge suspensions treated according to the invention comprises a mixture (loads) of explosives of different kinds.
  • the nature of the liquid constituting the continuous phase of the suspension is, of course, a function of the nature of the feedstock and of the process used upstream to obtain the suspension (process generally resulting in crystallization).
  • Said liquid may especially be chosen from water, acidic aqueous solutions and organic solvents, in particular aliphatic hydrocarbons (such as alkanes (for example: hexane, heptane, octane)), halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons (such as chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons).
  • aromatic hydrocarbons for example: toluene and xylenes
  • non-flammable hydrofluoroethers for example: 2-trifluoromethyl-3-ethoxydodecafluorohexane
  • the method of the invention is perfectly suited to explosive charges insofar as it involves little mechanical stress, in fact of low mechanical stress controlled (see the direct impact of the at least one jet on the cake, according to two successive regimes, which is responsible for progressive disintegration (as specified above).
  • the device may further include means for permanently monitoring its electrical continuity with the earth.
  • the filter in question is advantageously a metal filter, in particular a stainless steel filter (generally arranged horizontally).
  • Said gas injection means are suitable for delivering said gas in the form of ascending jets, said jets impacting (directly) the face of the cake resting on the filter (this impact (direct) excludes hood and drying gas distribution chamber, as provided in the device according to the application DE 33 38 572 ).
  • Said injection means are obviously suitable for injections according to the two successive regimes provided.
  • the device of the invention comprises means for feeding it to the suspension to be treated. It more specifically comprises means for pouring said suspension on said filter. It is conceivable that said means comprise at least one opening (high) in the enclosure and ensure such a spill with a reasonable drop height (advantageously minimal).
  • Suitable means (generally at least one opening (equipped with at least one drain)), arranged in the lower part of the chamber, must be provided to evacuate the liquid from the chamber through the filter, during filtration and spin.
  • the same means are advantageously used, for the evacuation of liquid, during said filtration and said spin.
  • the device comprises means for pressurizing the chamber (for the purpose of dewatering the solid phase retained on the filter).
  • Said means including compressor + channel + opening of the enclosure) allow the supply of the upper part of the enclosure (above the filter) into a gas under pressure.
  • it is advantageously provided to associate with said pressurizing means deflection means (deflectors).
  • the device also comprises, in its upper part, gas evacuation means (mainly injected gas but also residual gaseous liquid and optionally in the form of droplets), said means advantageously comprising a particulate filter (a filter cartridge, suitable for to trap the smallest grains, extracted from the wrung cake, entrained by the gas flow).
  • gas evacuation means mainly injected gas but also residual gaseous liquid and optionally in the form of droplets
  • said means advantageously comprising a particulate filter (a filter cartridge, suitable for to trap the smallest grains, extracted from the wrung cake, entrained by the gas flow).
  • injection of gas (hot) via the injection means allows to erode (disintegrate) the wrung cake and put the load in a fluidized bed, while drying said charge and driving the residual liquid in the gas stream (hot) to the gas discharge means, advantageously equipped with the particulate filter.
  • Said injection means are suitable for injecting the gas in the form of a single jet or under the form of several jets, preferably in the form of at least two jets.
  • the device 100 is electrically connected to the earth, with permanent control ( ⁇ ) of the electrical continuity.
  • the Figure 1A illustrates the beginning of the implementation of filtration.
  • the suspension S enclosing the explosive charge C in the liquid L is delivered via the pipe 13a of the supply means 13.
  • the liquid L passes through the filter 1 and is recovered, via the liquid discharge means 11, into the receptacle 12
  • the valves 13b and 11b are obviously open, the valves 15b and 14b are closed.
  • the spinning of the cake 2 is schematized on the Figure 2A .
  • Part of the liquid L '(liquid L entrapped in the cake 2) is extracted from said cake 2 (and is recovered in the receptacle 12), under the action of the pressurizing gas G.
  • the valves 13b and 17b being closed, the pressurizing gas G is delivered via the pressurizing means 15.
  • the deflector 16 conveniently distributes said gas G to the upper surface 3 'of the cake 2.
  • the same references 3' and 3 "have been preserved for, respectively, the upper and lower surfaces of the cake at the beginning of spinning ( Figure 2A ), while spinning, at the end of the spin cycle ( Figure 2B ) and in the first phase of disintegration ( figure 3A ).
  • the third step of the process of the invention (double mechanical action (in two steps) and thermal gas G ') is then carried out on said wrung cake 2'.
  • the disintegrating and drying gas G ' is injected in the form of (four) jets 4 under the filter 1 (it therefore impacts (directly) the wrung cake 2' on its lower face 3 "which rests on said filter 1), according to two successive regimes (of pressure p and flows: d then D (see above).)
  • the injection and its effect according to the first regime on the figure 3A the injection and its effect according to the second regime on the figure 3B .
  • valve 17b is open for the evacuation, on the one hand, of the injected gas G 'and, on the other hand, of the liquid L' (in the gaseous state and possibly in the form of droplets) still present in the wrung cake 2 'at the end of the pressurization stage (the valves 13b, 15b and 11b being obviously closed).
  • Charges C of smaller sizes ( ⁇ 30 ⁇ m) are not evacuated, they remain trapped in the particulate filter 18.
  • step c of the process the gas supply G 'is stopped (the valve 14b is closed, the jets 4 are canceled).
  • the fluidized bed 5 disappears, the charge C, in granular and dry form, is deposited on the filter 1. It can be recovered through the opening 20 of the chamber 10. This opening 20 has obviously been provided at an adequate level .
  • the recovery of the dry charge C can be achieved via an airlock, a glove box, arranged on said opening 20.
  • figure 4 shows the charge C on the filter 1 and the open opening 20 with an arrow to symbolize the step of recovering said charge C in granular and dry form.
  • the ONTA crystals of the suspension had a monomodal particle size distribution, with a median diameter (D 50 ) of 200 ⁇ m.
  • the filter arranged at the bottom of the volume of the enclosure, was a stainless steel filter which had a porosity calibrated at 150 microns.
  • the upper part of the chamber was then pressurized from 2x10 5 Pa absolute (2 bar absolute) to 3x10 5 Pa absolute (3 bar absolute) for the purpose of wringing the cake.
  • the pressurization gas (air) injected at the top of the chamber was dry gas (1% (mass) moisture).
  • the pressure was maintained for 1 h.
  • Step c obtaining a fluidized bed of dry ONTA grains
  • Step c1 creation of channels (chimneys) in the wrung cake
  • Dry air (1% moisture) was then injected from the bottom of the chamber (by 2 injectors) at a temperature of about 60 ° C for 0.5 h. Said dry air thus impacted (directly) the side of the wrung cake resting on the filter.
  • Said dry air was injected at a flow rate of 20 to 50 Nm 3 / h and at a pressure varying (+ 0.16 bar / min), with a pressure range of 5 bar to 7 bar (from 5 ⁇ 10 5 to 7 ⁇ 10 5 Pa).
  • the means provided in the upper part of the enclosure for the evacuation of the drying gas were equipped with a particulate filter.
  • the same injection means were used to inject the same dry air (1% humidity), at the same temperature, for a further 0.5 h, at a flow rate of 100 to 200 Nm 3 / h and according to a ramp. pressure of 5 bar to 7 bar (5x10 5 to 7x10 5 Pa).
  • the cake after these 0.5 hours, was completely disintegrated.
  • the grains of the explosive charge were dry, levitating. They constituted, with the injected dry air, a fluidized bed.
  • the water / ONTA mass ratio of the recovered dry load was 0.1%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Verfahren zur Gewinnung der Sprengladung (C) aus einer Suspension (S) einer Sprengladung (C) in einer Flüssigkeit (L), wobei die Sprengladung (C) in körniger und trockener Form vorliegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es umfasst:
    a) Filtrieren, indem die Suspension (S) durch einen statischen Filter (1) geleitet wird, um einen Filterkuchen (2) auf dem Filter (1) zu erhalten, der die Sprengladung (C) enthält, die durch eine Restflüssigkeit (L') agglomeriert ist,
    b) Nutschen des Filterkuchens (2) durch Druckbeaufschlagung desselben mit einem Gas (G),
    c) Zerkleinern des genutschten Filterkuchens (2') und Erhalten eines Wirbelbettes (5) der gewünschten Sprengladung (C) in körniger und trockener Form, durch Einwirkung von mindestens einem Strahl (4) von Gas (G') auf den genutschten Filterkuchen (2'), wobei der mindestens eine Strahl (4) von Gas (G') unter den genutschten Filterkuchen (2') eingespritzt wird, um auf den genutschten Filterkuchen (2') gemäß zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Zuständen zu treffen:
    - erstens, bei Druck p und mit Durchsatz d, um in dem genutschten Filterkuchen (2') Kanäle (6), die sich in den oberen Abschnitt (3') des genutschten Filterkuchens (2') öffnen, und ein Wirbelbett (5a) oberhalb des genutschten Filterkuchens (2') zu erzeugen, und dann,
    - zweitens, bei Druck p und mit Durchsatz D, D > d, um den genutschten Filterkuchen (2') durch die Kanäle (6) in Auftrieb zu bringen und seinen Zerfall zu erzielen,
    wobei das Gas (G') einen Feuchtigkeitsgehalt aufweist, der niedriger ist als der des genutschten Filterkuchens (2') und eine Taupunkttemperatur, die höher ist als seine Injektionstemperatur, und
    d) Stoppen des mindestens einen Strahles (4) von Gas (G') und Gewinnen der Sprengladung (C) in körniger und trockener Form.
  2. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es zur Gewinnung einer Sprengladung (C) in körniger Form verwendet wird, die weniger als 1 Masse-% Flüssigkeit (L'), bevorzugt weniger als 0,1 Masse -% Flüssigkeit (L') enthält.
  3. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Suspension (S) ein Massenverhältnis Flüssigkeit (L) / Sprengladung (C) zwischen 5 und 20 aufweist.
  4. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Filterkuchen (2) ein Massenverhältnis Flüssigkeit (L) / Sprengladung (C) zwischen 1 und 8 aufweist.
  5. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Nutschen unter Gasdruck zwischen 2 x 105 und 3 x 105 Pa absolut (2 und 3 Bar absolut) durchgeführt wird.
  6. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Ende von Schritt b) der genutschte Filterkuchen (2') eine maximale Dicke von 10 cm aufweist.
  7. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der genutschte Filterkuchen (2') ein Massenverhältnis Flüssigkeit (L) / Sprengladung (C) zwischen 0,5 und 2 aufweist.
  8. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druck p und die Durchsätze d und D zunehmen.
  9. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gas (G') in Form von mindestens zwei Strahlen (4) eingespritzt wird.
  10. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das eingespritzte Gas (G') einen Feuchtigkeitsgehalt von weniger als 2 Gew.-% und eine Temperatur zwischen 20 und 70 °C, bevorzugt zwischen 50 und 70 °C, aufweist.
  11. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sprengladung (C) ausgewählt ist aus Ladungen von 3-Nitro, 1,2,4-Triazol-5-on (ONTA), Ammoniumdinitroamidid (ADN), 2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-Trinitrobenzol (TATB) und Trinitrotoluol (TNT).
  12. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flüssigkeit (L) ausgewählt ist aus Wasser, wässrigen sauren Lösungen und organischen Lösungsmitteln, insbesondere aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen, halogenierten aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen, aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen und nicht brennbaren Hydrofluorethern.
  13. Vorrichtung (100), die zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 geeignet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie umfasst:
    - ein im Wesentlichen zylindrisches Gehäuse (10), das in seinem Volumen, in seinem unteren Abschnitt, mit einem Filter (1) ausgestattet ist, der geeignet ist, eine Suspension (S) zu filtern und so die Festphase der Suspension (S) zurückzuhalten,
    - Mittel zur Versorgung (13) des Gehäuses (10) mit einer Suspension (S), die oberhalb des Filters (1) angeordnet sind, und Mittel zum Abführen (11) von Flüssigkeit von dem Gehäuse (10), die unterhalb des Filters (1) angeordnet sind,
    - Mittel zur Druckbeaufschlagung (15) des Gehäuses (10), die oberhalb des Filters (1) angeordnet sind, wobei die Mittel zur Druckbeaufschlagung (15) bevorzugt mit Ablenkmitteln (16) ausgestattet sind,
    - Mittel zum Einspritzen (14) von Gas (G'), die unterhalb des Filters (1) angeordnet und geeignet sind, das Gas (G') in Form von mindestens einem aufwärts gerichteten Strahl (4) abzugeben, der dazu bestimmt ist, die Oberfläche der zurückgehaltenen festen Phase, die auf dem Filter (1) ruht, zu treffen,
    - Mittel zum Abführen des Gases (17) aus dem Gehäuse (10), die oberhalb des Filters (1) angeordnet sind, wobei die Mittel zum Abführen (17) bevorzugt mit einem Partikelfilter (18) ausgestattet sind, und
    dass sie bevorzugt vollständig geerdet ist.
EP15717040.8A 2014-03-28 2015-03-27 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur rückgewinnung von explosiven ladungen aus suspensionen mit diesen explosiven ladungen in trockenem zustand Active EP3122706B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15717040T PL3122706T3 (pl) 2014-03-28 2015-03-27 Sposób i urządzenie do odzyskiwania z zawiesin zawierających ładunki wybuchowe tych ładunków wybuchowych w postaci suchej

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1400760A FR3019177A1 (fr) 2014-03-28 2014-03-28 Procede et dispositif pour la recuperation, a partir de suspensions renfermant des charges explosives, desdites charges explosives, seches
PCT/FR2015/050790 WO2015145088A1 (fr) 2014-03-28 2015-03-27 Procédé et dispositif pour la récupération, a partir de suspensions renfermant des charges explosives, desdites charges explosives, sèches.

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EP3122706B1 true EP3122706B1 (de) 2018-05-02

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US (1) US9963397B2 (de)
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FR (1) FR3019177A1 (de)
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WO (1) WO2015145088A1 (de)

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CN110849080A (zh) * 2019-11-27 2020-02-28 东台市富安合成材料有限公司 一种环压式合成革干燥装置

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CN113188381B (zh) * 2021-04-02 2022-08-19 西安近代化学研究所 一种通过增加气泡体积提高浮动能力的机械融合装置
CN114602224B (zh) * 2022-01-24 2024-01-12 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 一种本质安全型含能材料过滤洗涤两用机
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WO2015145088A1 (fr) 2015-10-01
PL3122706T3 (pl) 2018-09-28
US9963397B2 (en) 2018-05-08
EP3122706A1 (de) 2017-02-01
US20170137336A1 (en) 2017-05-18

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