EP3121319A1 - Weaving shuttle - Google Patents
Weaving shuttle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3121319A1 EP3121319A1 EP15177448.6A EP15177448A EP3121319A1 EP 3121319 A1 EP3121319 A1 EP 3121319A1 EP 15177448 A EP15177448 A EP 15177448A EP 3121319 A1 EP3121319 A1 EP 3121319A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shuttle
- web
- wheels
- contactors
- web contactors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282941 Rangifer tarandus Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D37/00—Circular looms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a shuttle for a circular loom.
- Kettbyerchen guide elements e.g. in the form of length compensation compensators
- the circular loom a large number of warp is distributed around distributed.
- the warp tapes run to shedding facilities, for example, have provided with eyelets for passing a warp strip provided strands or bands; then the warp tapes pass between bars of the reed.
- the warp tapes are divided at the shedding devices - usually in an alternating arrangement - in two Kettbändchenscharen, which are given by opposite movement of the strands or ⁇ senb selected opposite alternating movements, whereby the shed (also called moving compartment) is opened and closed.
- the shed forms in the open state a space defined by the two Kettbändchenscharen in which a weaver who wears a Schussbändchenspule moves on a circular path along the reed, while the Schussb choruschen deducted from the shot ribbon coil carried by him and enters the shed.
- the size of the space defined by the two Kettbändchenscharen space of the shed constantly changes with the movement of the two Kettbändchenscharen, starting from zero with closed shed in a position in which both Kettbändchenscharen lie in the same area, up to a maximum, in which the two Kettbändchenscharen are located at opposite reversal points of their alternating movement.
- the so-called change of subject begins by reversing the movement imparted to the opposing warp bands, whereby the last-entered weft ribbon is fixed in the fabric and the next weft ribbon can be inserted into the shed by the next shooter.
- the generated tubular fabric is guided inwardly to a centrally located Webring, where it is deflected to take-off rolls out.
- Such a circular loom is for example from the EP 0 786 026 B1 known.
- the overall performance of the circular loom is significantly influenced by the so-called number of shots, which is the number of weft tapes that can be entered per unit time in the shed.
- the number of shots is usually given in "picks per minute".
- the number of shots has been increased in the past by increasing the speed of the shooters in the Riet and / or increasing the number of shooters.
- an increase in orbital speed has been achieved by the special design of the raceways on which the shuttle pairs of the shuttle members are running. These specially designed raceways increased the smoothness of the weavers, resulting in less wear of the reed and thereby allowing a higher speed of rotation.
- the bobbin If the spacing of the bobbin supports changes due to the distance change of the bearing blocks or deviations from their mutually coaxial alignments occur, the bobbin is kept either too loose or too strong by the bobbin holders during operation.
- the former leads to an uneven removal of the weft ribbon and thus to lower quality or even faulty tubular fabric.
- the second results in too high tensile stresses on the weft ribbons and thus also to deteriorated tubular fabric, which additionally there is the risk of tearing the Schussbändchens and the damage of the coil mounts.
- the bottom plate of a wiper is usually molded from a plastic material or aluminum. It must always be compromised, because the stiffer an injection molding material, which is desirable due to the higher stiffness of the injection molded part produced under centrifugal force, the greater the material shrinkage during the molding process and the deviations of the injection molded part of the desired shape. Greater tolerances on the dimensions of the molded part, in turn, result in a more erratic run of the shuttle in the reed, thereby reducing the life of the shuttle and the reed. In addition, higher tolerances of the dimensional stability of the components of the weaver lead to a massive increase in noise during operation of the circular loom and are therefore harmful to the health of the operator.
- Such a web-shooter should also be quieter in operation than previous weavers and should help to achieve a high weaving performance of the circular loom while increasing the quality of the tubular fabric produced.
- the spacers keep the carrier spaced from each other transversely to the direction of the shuttle, the mass of the shuttle can be reduced, with the same or even higher rigidity compared to the prior art.
- the resulting high dimensional stability of the frame or the entire weaver and the lower mass allow to increase the speed of rotation of the shooter Riet.
- the sum of the number of shots of the circular loom compared to the prior art increases, without increasing the centrifugal force loaded components, such as shooter role, etc. (centrifugal) forces increase.
- the weaver according to the invention reduces the noise of the entire circular loom due to the high dimensional stability and rigidity in the operation of the circular loom.
- the carriers are preferably designed as carrier plates, which are arranged substantially parallel to each other by means of the spacers, wherein the spacers are preferably screwed, welded, glued, riveted or connected by a combination of the mentioned methods.
- the support plates underlying the frame are made equal in their dimensions and in their shape. Carrier plates can be punched out or cut out of metal plates inexpensively with recurring high accuracy by means of punching machines or cutting machines, such as water jet cutting machines, laser cutting machines, etc. This significantly increases the degree of automation in the production and facilitates the replacement of parts during repairs.
- the constructive provision of as many identical parts in the shuttle reduces the number of different components and ensures a simple and cost-effective spare parts supply.
- bearing blocks are mounted on the support plates, each carrying a coil receiving the rotatable about its longitudinal axis storage of the firing coil.
- the coil receptacles are mutually aligned coaxially with each other at a distance corresponding approximately to the length of the weft coil. Due to the advantageous embodiment of the carrier or the shuttle, the firing spool can be changed quickly and easily, this is at least one coil receptacle or a bearing block along the axis of rotation of the firing coil slidably formed.
- the main center plane of the shuttle which forms the longitudinal plane of the shuttle and is arranged substantially parallel to the hubs of the wheels attached to the carrier plates, during operation of the loom corresponds to a plane normal to the web from a tangent to the direction of circulation and an imaginary line of the reed on which the shuttle shooter is spanned.
- the web on which the shuttle rotates is formed by the reed sticks of the reed.
- the Rietstäbe are arranged spaced in the Riet in Riet and thus release the openings in which the Kettbändchen are performed, which open and close the shed by changing movements.
- the web on which the shuttle rotates is either a cylinder jacket inner surface, a truncated cone inner surface or a circular ring surface. It proves to be advantageous to align the carrier plate on the main center plane, wherein the orientation with respect to the main center plane depending on the embodiment of the reed on which the shuttle rotates may vary. For example, in a loom in which the orbit of the reed is formed as a cylinder surface, the support plate is upright to the orbit of Riets, thus aligned with the plate main surface parallel to the main center plane, wherein the plate main surface is the surface of the plate, which has the largest extent having.
- the material used for the production of the carrier is preferably as light as possible, while still having sufficient rigidity. In this context, and due to the good workability proves to be particularly advantageous to manufacture the support of aluminum.
- bridging elements are provided on the supports, which are aligned transversely to the direction of rotation associated with the carriers and thus contribute to increasing the overall stiffness of the frame formed by the wearer and the spacers of the weaver. It is advantageous to provide at least one bridge element in the longitudinally front and rear regions of the shuttle, wherein the front region advances in the circumferential direction of the rear area of the shuttle in operation.
- the bridge elements preferably have the same outline and are designed as bridge plates. These are ideally punched out of flat sheet material, which ensures high precision and recurring accuracy.
- the bridge elements are provided with bores received in bores, which form the receptacle for mounted rollers.
- the bridge elements Despite the same outline shape different positions of the holes for the holders of the rollers can be provided on the bridge elements, which despite Similar parts an adjustment margin is guaranteed with respect to different variants of the Riets.
- the material used for the production of the bridge elements is preferably as light as possible, but nevertheless sufficient rigidity, as in the case of the carrier plates. In this context and due to the good machinability proves to be particularly advantageous to manufacture the bridging elements as the support of aluminum.
- rollers attached to the bridge elements run along a stop formed in the reed and thus guide the weavers within the reed in the direction of rotation. To ensure that only the rollers in circulation are in any contact with the Riet's stops, they protrude on the long sides of the shuttle.
- the rollers are at least one side advantageous eccentrically adjustable mounted on the bridge element.
- each roller is preferably mounted on the bridge element eccentrically adjustable. Eccentrically adjustable mounted rollers also offer the advantage of a fast and accurate input and Nachstell mecanickeit with any wear of the rollers.
- the wheels of the shuttle are advantageously fastened by means of half-axes to the carriers, wherein the half-axes are preferably rotatably mounted on the carrier plates and the wheels are rotatably supported by means of rolling bearings on the semi-axes.
- the half-axes are interchangeable designed and thus offer the possibility of a cost-effective and quick replacement in case of repair.
- the wheels can be mounted in individual orientation and mounting position on the carrier. Semi-axes are by design a better spring action over rigid axles, so that unevenness of Riets can be better absorbed and compensated, resulting in a quieter run. In this context, further proves to be very advantageous opposite wheels in the direction of the shuttle against each other.
- the half-axes are fastened by means of flanges to the carriers.
- the offset of opposite wheels can be realized very easily on the mounting position of the flange, the advantage of only one type of wheel unit, ie a type of wheel with half-axis and flange, is maintained.
- FIG. 1 shows in perspective the underlying structure of an embodiment of a weaver according to the invention 1.
- the underlying the weavers 1 frame consists of two almost the length of the shuttle 1 corresponding carrier plates 2, which are connected by spacers 3 arranged parallel to each other.
- the spacers 3 are formed as hexagonal molding tubes with a continuous thread. These are arranged between the support plates 2 and screwed by means of screwed through holes screws, which are not shown, with the support plates 2.
- Pro long side of the shuttle has two semi-axles 5 mounted on wheels 4, wherein the half-axes 5 are eccentrically attached to a respective flange 6 and the flanges 6 are in turn attached to specially provided receiving points 7 on the support plates 2.
- the receiving points 7 each have four holes, with a hole is centrally mounted and the remaining three holes are arranged at the same distance around the central bore.
- the central bore forms the receptacle for a centrally mounted on the flange 6 stub shaft 8, whereby the flange 6 is positioned exactly on the support plate 2 and is aligned.
- the fixation of the flange 6 on the support plate 2 by means not shown screws through the three holes arranged around the central bore.
- two bridge plates 9 are mounted, each with a bridge plate 9 is mounted in the front region 15 and in the rear region 16 of the shuttle 1.
- the resulting through the bridge plates 9 and the spacers 3 quasi truss ensures a high degree of dimensional stability at the same time very low weight.
- two rollers 10 are mounted on the bridge plates 9, which guide the weavers 1 in the longitudinal direction in the Riet along stops in the circumferential direction.
- the rollers 10 are attached to the bridge members 9 so as to protrude longitudinally and thus define the maximum width of the shuttle 1.
- the rollers 10 are mounted eccentrically adjustable on the bridge element 9.
- FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the shuttle 1 after FIG. 1 with the entire structure and a shooting coil 11.
- the bearing blocks 12 are mounted so that arranged on the bearing blocks 12 rotatable coil housings 13 face each other and the axes of rotation the coil seats 13 lie in a common axis.
- the shooting reel 11 is received, unwound from the during operation of the circular loom not shown Schussbyerchen and registered by means of an attached in the front region arm 17 in the shed.
- the firing coil 11 is subject to a constant rotation about its own axis.
- bumpers 14 are formed all around the weavers.
- the support plate 2 recesses or holes, which serve to reduce the weight. In this regard, however, care must be taken that the weight reduction does not lead to material weakening or weakening of the stiffness of the carrier or of the frame.
- the carriers are made of shaped tubes or U-profiles.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Looms (AREA)
- Knitting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Webschützen (1) mit Rädern (4) für den Umlauf am Riet einer Rundwebmaschine und mit auf Lagerböcken (12) angeordnete Spulenaufnahmen (13) zum um ihre Längsachse drehbaren Halten einer Schussspule (11), wobei dem Aufbau des Webschützen (1) mittels Abstandshaltern (3) voneinander in einem Abstand quer zur Laufrichtung des Webschützen (1) gehaltene Träger zugrunde liegen, an denen die Räder (4) montiert sind.Web contactors (1) with wheels (4) for circulation on the reed of a circular loom and arranged on bearing blocks (12) bobbin receptacles (13) rotatable about its longitudinal axis holding a firing coil (11), the structure of the shuttle (1) by means of spacers (3) are based on each other at a distance transversely to the direction of the shuttle (1) held carrier on which the wheels (4) are mounted.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Webschützen für eine Rundwebmaschine.The invention relates to a shuttle for a circular loom.
Es sind allgemein Rundwebmaschinen bekannt, bei welchen Kettbändchen-Führungselemente, z.B. in Form von Längenausgleichskompensatoren, um das Riet der Rundwebmaschine herum angeordnet sind. Über diese Kettbändchen-Führungselemente oder durch sie hindurch wird der Rundwebmaschine eine große Zahl von Kettbändchen ringsum verteilt zugeführt. Von den Kettbändchen-Führungselementen laufen die Kettbändchen zu Fachbildungseinrichtungen, die beispielsweise mit Ösen zum Hindurchführen je eines Kettbändchens versehene Litzen oder Bänder aufweisen; anschließend laufen die Kettbändchen zwischen Stäben des Riets hindurch. Die Kettbändchen werden an den Fachbildungseinrichtungen - zumeist in abwechselnder Anordnung - in zwei Kettbändchenscharen aufgeteilt, denen durch entgegengesetzte Bewegung der Litzen oder Ösenbänder einander entgegengesetzte Wechselbewegungen verliehen werden, wodurch das Webfach (auch Wanderfach genannt) geöffnet und geschlossen wird. Das Webfach bildet im geöffneten Zustand einen von den beiden Kettbändchenscharen definierten Raum, in dem sich ein Webschützen, der eine Schussbändchenspule trägt, auf einer Kreisbahn entlang des Riets bewegt und dabei das Schussbändchen von der von ihm getragenen Schussbändchenspule abzieht und in das Webfach einträgt. Die Größe des von den beiden Kettbändchenscharen definierten Raumes des Webfachs ändert sich ständig mit der Bewegung der beiden Kettbändchenscharen, ausgehend von Null bei geschlossenem Webfach in einer Stellung, in der beide Kettbändchenscharen in derselben Fläche liegen, bis zu einem Maximum, bei dem sich die beiden Kettbändchenscharen an entgegengesetzten Umkehrpunkten ihrer Wechselbewegung befinden. An diesen Umkehrpunkten beginnt der so genannte Fachwechsel durch Umkehr der den gegenläufigen Kettbändchenscharen verliehenen Bewegung, wodurch das zuletzt eingetragene Schussbändchen im Gewebe fixiert wird und vom nächsten Schützen das nächste Schussbändchen in das Webfach eingetragen werden kann. Es laufen üblicherweise mehrere Webschützen in gleichen Abständen voneinander im Riet um. Das erzeugte schlauchförmige Gewebe wird nach innen zu einem zentral angeordneten Webring geführt, an dem es zu Abzugsrollen hin umgelenkt wird.There are generally known circular looms in which warp guide elements, e.g. in the form of length compensation compensators, around the reed of the loom are arranged around. About this Kettbändchen guide elements or through them the circular loom a large number of warp is distributed around distributed. Of the Kettbändchen guide elements, the warp tapes run to shedding facilities, for example, have provided with eyelets for passing a warp strip provided strands or bands; then the warp tapes pass between bars of the reed. The warp tapes are divided at the shedding devices - usually in an alternating arrangement - in two Kettbändchenscharen, which are given by opposite movement of the strands or Ösenbänder opposite alternating movements, whereby the shed (also called moving compartment) is opened and closed. The shed forms in the open state a space defined by the two Kettbändchenscharen in which a weaver who wears a Schussbändchenspule moves on a circular path along the reed, while the Schussbändchen deducted from the shot ribbon coil carried by him and enters the shed. The size of the space defined by the two Kettbändchenscharen space of the shed constantly changes with the movement of the two Kettbändchenscharen, starting from zero with closed shed in a position in which both Kettbändchenscharen lie in the same area, up to a maximum, in which the two Kettbändchenscharen are located at opposite reversal points of their alternating movement. At these reversal points, the so-called change of subject begins by reversing the movement imparted to the opposing warp bands, whereby the last-entered weft ribbon is fixed in the fabric and the next weft ribbon can be inserted into the shed by the next shooter. There are usually several weavers at the same distance from each other in Riet around. The generated tubular fabric is guided inwardly to a centrally located Webring, where it is deflected to take-off rolls out.
Eine solche Rundwebmaschine ist beispielsweise aus der
Es bestand seit jeher das Bedürfnis, die Leistung von Rundwebmaschinen zu erhöhen. Die Gesamtleistung der Rundwebmaschine wird maßgeblich von der sogenannten Schusszahl beeinflusst, das ist die Anzahl an Schussbändchen, die pro Zeiteinheit in das Webfach eingetragen werden können. Die Schusszahl wird üblicherweise in "picks per minute" angegeben. Die Schusszahl wurde in der Vergangenheit durch die Erhöhung der Umlaufgeschwindigkeit der Schützen im Riet und/oder die Erhöhung der Schützenanzahl gesteigert. In der
Mittlerweile ist man jedoch an die Leistungsgrenzen von Rundwebmaschinen gestoßen, wobei ein limitierender Faktor die Belastbarkeit der Bauelemente der Webschützen ist, auf welche die Fliehkraft bei der Umlaufbewegung der Webschützen im Riet wirkt. Obwohl die Belastung der Bauelemente der Webschützen, auf welche die Fliehkraft wirkt, durch Erhöhung der Schützenanzahl und eine damit einhergehende Reduktion der Drehzahl der Hauptwelle, die die Schützen antreibt, bei gleicher Leistung der Rundwebmaschine theoretisch verringert werden könnte, so ist diesem Lösungsansatz in der Praxis durch das beschränkte Raumangebot im Riet eine enge Grenze gesetzt. Außerdem strebt die Industrie weiterhin nach einer Erhöhung der Schusszahl von Rundwebmaschinen, was bei Ausnützung der maximal einbaubaren Zahl an Webschützen wiederum nur durch eine Erhöhung der Drehzahl der Rundwebmaschine möglich ist.Meanwhile, however, one has encountered the performance limits of looms, with a limiting factor is the load capacity of the components of the weavers, on which the centrifugal force acts in the orbital motion of the shuttle in Riet. Although the load on the components of the weavers on which the centrifugal force acts, by increasing the number of shooters and a concomitant reduction in the speed of the main shaft, which drives the shooter could be theoretically reduced with the same performance of the circular loom, so this approach is in practice set by the limited space in the Riet a narrow limit. In addition, the industry continues to strive for an increase in the number of round looms, which in turn is possible only by increasing the speed of the circular loom when exploiting the maximum mountable number of weavers.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass bei den derzeit genutzten Drehzahlen der Hauptwelle von Rundwebmaschinen die Fliehkraft auf die Bodenplatte des Webschützen so groß ist, dass sich die Bodenplatte verbiegt und damit einhergehend die Geometrie von wichtigen Bauteilen des Webschützens, die auf der Bodenplatte montiert sind, in Bezug aufeinander verstellt wird, z.B. der Abstand und die Ausrichtung der Räder und Rollen, mit denen der Webschützen im Riet geführt wird, sowie die Lage der Achsen, auf denen die Räder gelagert sind. Dies führt zu einem unruhigen Lauf des Webschützens im Riet. Noch kritischer ist, dass sich auch die Abstände der vorderen und hinteren Schussspulenlagerböcke, die jeweils eine Spulenaufnahme zur um ihre Längsachse drehbaren Lagerung der Schussspule tragen, zueinander verändern, wenn sich die Bodenplatte biegt. Wenn sich der Abstand der Spulenaufnahmen aufgrund der Abstandsänderung der Lagerböcke ändert oder Abweichungen von ihren zueinander koaxialen Ausrichtungen auftreten, wird die Schussspule von den Spulenaufnahmen im Betrieb entweder zu lose oder zu fest gehalten. Ersteres führt zu einem ungleichmäßigen Abziehen der Schussbändchen und damit zu qualitativ schlechteren oder sogar fehlerhaftem Schlauchgewebe. Zweiteres resultiert in zu hohen Zugspannungen auf die Schussbändchen und damit ebenfalls zu verschlechtertem Schlauchgewebe, wobei zusätzlich noch die Gefahr des Reißens des Schussbändchens und der Beschädigung der Spulenaufnahmen besteht.It has been found that at the currently used speeds of the main shaft of looms the centrifugal force on the bottom plate of the shuttle is so large that the bottom plate bends and concomitantly the geometry of important components of the weaver, which are mounted on the bottom plate in Reference is adjusted to each other, for example, the distance and orientation of the wheels and rollers that guides the shuttle in Riet, and the location of the axles on which the wheels are mounted. This leads to a troubled run of Webschützens in Riet. Even more critical is that the distances of the front and rear Schusssspulenlagerböcke, each carrying a coil recording to rotate about its longitudinal axis support the Schussspule, to each other change when the bottom plate bends. If the spacing of the bobbin supports changes due to the distance change of the bearing blocks or deviations from their mutually coaxial alignments occur, the bobbin is kept either too loose or too strong by the bobbin holders during operation. The former leads to an uneven removal of the weft ribbon and thus to lower quality or even faulty tubular fabric. The second results in too high tensile stresses on the weft ribbons and thus also to deteriorated tubular fabric, which additionally there is the risk of tearing the Schussbändchens and the damage of the coil mounts.
Die Bodenplatte eines Webschützens wird üblicherweise aus einem Kunststoffmaterial oder aus Aluminium gespritzt. Dabei müssen stets Kompromisse eingegangen werden, denn je steifer ein Spritzgussmaterial ist, was aufgrund der höheren Steifigkeit des damit hergestellten Spritzgussteils unter Wirkung von Fliehkraft an sich erwünscht ist, desto größer sind der Materialschwund beim Formungsvorgang und die Abweichungen des Spritzgussteils von der gewünschten Form. Größere Toleranzen der Dimensionen des Spritzgussteils wiederum führen zu einem unruhigeren Lauf des Webschützens im Riet und verringern dadurch die Lebensdauer des Webschützens und des Riets. Außerdem führen höhere Toleranzen der Formstabilität der Bauteile des Webschützens zu einem massiven Anstieg der Geräuschentwicklung im Betrieb der Rundwebmaschine und sind daher für das Bedienungspersonal gesundheitsschädlich.The bottom plate of a wiper is usually molded from a plastic material or aluminum. It must always be compromised, because the stiffer an injection molding material, which is desirable due to the higher stiffness of the injection molded part produced under centrifugal force, the greater the material shrinkage during the molding process and the deviations of the injection molded part of the desired shape. Greater tolerances on the dimensions of the molded part, in turn, result in a more erratic run of the shuttle in the reed, thereby reducing the life of the shuttle and the reed. In addition, higher tolerances of the dimensional stability of the components of the weaver lead to a massive increase in noise during operation of the circular loom and are therefore harmful to the health of the operator.
Ein weiterer wichtiger Aspekt ist die Masse des Webschützens, die das Riet bei hoher Drehzahl der Hauptwelle aufgrund der Fliehkraft stark belastet. Es wäre daher wünschenswert, einen Webschützen zur Verfügung zu haben, der verglichen mit bisherigen Webschützen gleicher Webleistung eine geringere Masse aufweist.Another important aspect is the mass of Webschützens, the Riet heavily loaded at high speed of the main shaft due to centrifugal force. It would therefore be desirable to have a Web Shooter available that has a lower mass compared to previous Web Shooters of the same web performance.
Es ist somit die Aufgabe der Erfindung einen Webschützen bereitzustellen, mit dem die Schusszahl an Rundwebmaschinen gesteigert werden kann, ohne dass die Belastung und Abnutzung der Bauelemente des Webschützens und der Rundwebmaschine durch die von den rotierenden Webschützen ausgeübte Fliehkraft erhöht wird, sondern im Gegenteil sogar vermindert werden kann. Ein solcher Webschützen sollte im Betrieb auch leiser sein als bisherige Webschützen und sollte dazu beitragen, eine hohe Webleistung der Rundwebmaschine bei gleichzeitig gesteigerter Qualität des erzeugten schlauchförmigen Gewebes zu erzielen.It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a shuttle, with which the number of round looms can be increased without the load and wear of the components of the shuttle and the circular loom is increased by the force exerted by the rotating shuttle centrifugal force, but on the contrary even reduced can be. Such a web-shooter should also be quieter in operation than previous weavers and should help to achieve a high weaving performance of the circular loom while increasing the quality of the tubular fabric produced.
Die vorliegende Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch Bereitstellen eines Webschützens mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen dargelegt.The present invention achieves this object by providing a wiper with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in the subclaims.
Verglichen zum im Stand der Technik offenbarten Webschützen, bei denen eine Bodenplatte aus einem Kunststoffmaterial oder Aluminium gespritzt wird, kann durch erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau eines Rahmens aus Trägern und Abstandshaltern, wobei die Abstandshalter die Träger voneinander quer zur Laufrichtung des Webschützen beabstandet halten, die Masse des Webschützen reduziert werden, bei gleichbleibender bzw. sogar höherer Steifigkeit gegenüber dem Stand der Technik. Die daraus resultierende hohe Formstabilität des Rahmens bzw. des gesamten Webschützen und die geringere Masse erlauben es, die Umlaufgeschwindigkeit der Schützen im Riet zu erhöhen. Daraus resultierend erhöht sich die Summe der Schusszahl der Rundwebmaschine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik, ohne dass sich die auf die fliehkraftbelasteten Bauelemente, wie Schützenrolle, etc. wirkenden (Flieh)kräfte erhöhen. In diesem Zusammenhang ist weiters sehr vorteilhaft, dass der erfindungsgemäße Webschützen aufgrund der hohen Formstabilität und Steifigkeit im Betrieb der Rundwebmaschine die Geräuschentwicklung der gesamten Rundwebmaschine reduziert.Compared to the prior art disclosed shuttle in which a bottom plate of a plastic material or aluminum is injected, by constructing a frame of carriers and spacers according to the invention, the spacers keep the carrier spaced from each other transversely to the direction of the shuttle, the mass of the shuttle can be reduced, with the same or even higher rigidity compared to the prior art. The resulting high dimensional stability of the frame or the entire weaver and the lower mass allow to increase the speed of rotation of the shooter Riet. As a result, the sum of the number of shots of the circular loom compared to the prior art increases, without increasing the centrifugal force loaded components, such as shooter role, etc. (centrifugal) forces increase. In this context, it is further very advantageous that the weaver according to the invention reduces the noise of the entire circular loom due to the high dimensional stability and rigidity in the operation of the circular loom.
Durch die Ausgestaltung des Rahmens als mittels Abstandshaltern verbundene Träger kann im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik konstruktiv bedingt der fertigungstechnische Aufwand reduziert werden und damit einhergehend auch die Herstellungskosten verringert werden. In diesem Zusammenhang sind die Träger bevorzugt als Trägerplatten ausgeführt, die im wesentlichen parallel zueinander angeordnet mittels der Abstandshalter miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die Abstandshalter bevorzugt verschraubt, verschweißt, verklebt, vernietet oder mittels einer Kombination der angeführten Verfahren verbunden werden. Vorteilhaft werden die dem Rahmen zugrunde liegenden Trägerplatten in ihren Abmaßen und in ihrer Form gleich ausgeführt. Trägerplatten können mittels Stanzmaschinen oder Schneidanlagen, wie Wasserstrahlschneidanlagen, Laserschneidanlagen etc. aus Metallplatten kostengünstig mit wiederkehrender hoher Genauigkeit ausgestanzt oder ausgeschnitten werden. Dies erhöht maßgeblich den Automatisierungsgrad in der Herstellung und erleichtert den Austausch von Teilen bei Reparaturen. Durch das konstruktive Vorsehen von möglichst vielen Gleichteilen im Webschützen verringert sich die Anzahl an verschiedenen Bauteilen und sichert eine einfache und kostengünstige Ersatzteilversorgung.Due to the design of the frame as a carrier connected by means of spacers, in contrast to the prior art, the production-related expense can be reduced by design, and consequently also the production costs can be reduced. In this context, the carriers are preferably designed as carrier plates, which are arranged substantially parallel to each other by means of the spacers, wherein the spacers are preferably screwed, welded, glued, riveted or connected by a combination of the mentioned methods. Advantageously, the support plates underlying the frame are made equal in their dimensions and in their shape. Carrier plates can be punched out or cut out of metal plates inexpensively with recurring high accuracy by means of punching machines or cutting machines, such as water jet cutting machines, laser cutting machines, etc. This significantly increases the degree of automation in the production and facilitates the replacement of parts during repairs. The constructive provision of as many identical parts in the shuttle reduces the number of different components and ensures a simple and cost-effective spare parts supply.
Weiters sind an den Trägerplatten Lagerböcke angebracht, die jeweils eine Spulenaufnahme zur um ihre Längsachse drehbaren Lagerung der Schussspule tragen. Die Spulenaufnahmen sind zueinander mit einem Abstand, der in etwa der Schussspulenlänge entspricht, gegenüberliegend koaxial ausgerichtet. Durch die vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Träger bzw. des Webschützen kann die Schussspule zügig und leicht gewechselt werden, dazu ist zumindest eine Spulenaufnahme bzw. ein Lagerbock entlang der Drehachse der Schussspule verschiebbar ausgebildet.Furthermore, bearing blocks are mounted on the support plates, each carrying a coil receiving the rotatable about its longitudinal axis storage of the firing coil. The coil receptacles are mutually aligned coaxially with each other at a distance corresponding approximately to the length of the weft coil. Due to the advantageous embodiment of the carrier or the shuttle, the firing spool can be changed quickly and easily, this is at least one coil receptacle or a bearing block along the axis of rotation of the firing coil slidably formed.
Die Hauptmittelebene des Webschützen, die die Längsebene des Webschützen ausbildet und im wesentlichen parallel zu den Naben der an den Trägerplatten befestigten Räder angeordnet ist, entspricht im Betrieb des Webstuhls einer Ebene, die von einer Tangente an die Umlaufrichtung und einer gedachten Linie normal auf die Bahn des Riets, auf der der Webschützen umläuft, aufgespannt wird. Die Bahn, auf der der Webschützen umläuft, wird durch die Rietstäbe des Riets gebildet. Die Rietstäbe sind in Umlaufrichtung beabstandet im Riet angeordnet und geben somit die Öffnungen frei, in denen die Kettbändchen durchgeführt werden, die durch Wechselbewegungen das Webfach öffnen und schließen. Je nach Ausführungsvariante des Riets ist die Bahn, auf der der Webschützen umläuft, entweder eine Zylindermantelinnenfläche, eine Kegelstumpfmantelinnenfläche oder eine Kreisringfläche. Vorteilhaft erweist es sich, die Trägerplatte an der Hauptmittelebene auszurichten, wobei die Ausrichtung in Bezug auf die Hauptmittelebene je nach Ausführungsform des Riets auf dem der Webschützen umläuft, variieren kann. So ist zum Beispiel bei einem Webstuhl, bei dem die Umlaufbahn des Riets als Zylindermantelfläche ausgebildet ist, die Trägerplatte hochkant zu der Umlaufbahn des Riets, also mit der Plattenhauptfläche parallel zur Hauptmittelebene ausgerichtet, wobei die Plattenhauptfläche die Fläche der Platte ist, die die größte Ausdehnung aufweist. Hierdurch resultiert eine maximale Steifigkeit und Formstabilität entgegen der im Betrieb auftretenden Fliehkräfte. Das zur Fertigung der Träger herangezogene Material ist bevorzugt möglichst leicht, bei trotzdem ausreichender Steifigkeit. In diesem Zusammenhang und aufgrund der guten Bearbeitbarkeit erweist sich als besonders vorteilhaft die Träger aus Aluminium zu fertigen.The main center plane of the shuttle, which forms the longitudinal plane of the shuttle and is arranged substantially parallel to the hubs of the wheels attached to the carrier plates, during operation of the loom corresponds to a plane normal to the web from a tangent to the direction of circulation and an imaginary line of the reed on which the shuttle shooter is spanned. The web on which the shuttle rotates is formed by the reed sticks of the reed. The Rietstäbe are arranged spaced in the Riet in Riet and thus release the openings in which the Kettbändchen are performed, which open and close the shed by changing movements. Depending on the design variant of the reed, the web on which the shuttle rotates is either a cylinder jacket inner surface, a truncated cone inner surface or a circular ring surface. It proves to be advantageous to align the carrier plate on the main center plane, wherein the orientation with respect to the main center plane depending on the embodiment of the reed on which the shuttle rotates may vary. For example, in a loom in which the orbit of the reed is formed as a cylinder surface, the support plate is upright to the orbit of Riets, thus aligned with the plate main surface parallel to the main center plane, wherein the plate main surface is the surface of the plate, which has the largest extent having. This results in a maximum rigidity and dimensional stability against the centrifugal forces occurring during operation. The material used for the production of the carrier is preferably as light as possible, while still having sufficient rigidity. In this context, and due to the good workability proves to be particularly advantageous to manufacture the support of aluminum.
Weiters sind an den Trägern Brückenelemente vorgesehen, die quer zur Umlaufrichtung ausgerichtet mit den Trägern verbunden sind und somit zur Erhöhung der Gesamtsteifigkeit des von den Trägern und den Abstandshaltern gebildeten Rahmens des Webschützen beitragen. Vorteilhaft ist es zumindest ein Brückenelement im längsseitig vorderen und hinteren Bereich des Webschützen vorzusehen, wobei der vordere Bereich dem hinteren Bereich des Webschützen im Betrieb in Umlaufrichtung voreilt. Bevorzugt weisen die Brückenelemente den gleichen Umriss auf und sind als Brückenplatten ausgebildet. Diese werden idealerweise aus flächigem Blechmaterial ausgestanzt, wodurch eine hohe Präzision und wiederkehrende Genauigkeit sichergestellt sind. Die Brückenelemente sind mit in Bohrungen aufgenommenen Halterungen versehen, die die Aufnahme für gelagerte Rollen bilden. Trotz gleicher Umrissform können unterschiedliche Positionen der Bohrungen für die Halterungen der Rollen an den Brückelementen vorgesehen werden, wodurch trotz Gleichteilen ein Anpassungsspielraum in Bezug auf verschiedene Ausführungsvarianten des Riets gewährleistet ist. Das zur Fertigung der Brückenelemente herangezogene Material ist wie bei den Trägerplatten bevorzugt möglichst leicht, bei trotzdem ausreichender Steifigkeit. In diesem Zusammenhang und aufgrund der guten Bearbeitbarkeit erweist sich als besonders vorteilhaft die Brückelemente wie die Träger aus Aluminium zu fertigen.Furthermore, bridging elements are provided on the supports, which are aligned transversely to the direction of rotation associated with the carriers and thus contribute to increasing the overall stiffness of the frame formed by the wearer and the spacers of the weaver. It is advantageous to provide at least one bridge element in the longitudinally front and rear regions of the shuttle, wherein the front region advances in the circumferential direction of the rear area of the shuttle in operation. The bridge elements preferably have the same outline and are designed as bridge plates. These are ideally punched out of flat sheet material, which ensures high precision and recurring accuracy. The bridge elements are provided with bores received in bores, which form the receptacle for mounted rollers. Despite the same outline shape different positions of the holes for the holders of the rollers can be provided on the bridge elements, which despite Similar parts an adjustment margin is guaranteed with respect to different variants of the Riets. The material used for the production of the bridge elements is preferably as light as possible, but nevertheless sufficient rigidity, as in the case of the carrier plates. In this context and due to the good machinability proves to be particularly advantageous to manufacture the bridging elements as the support of aluminum.
An den Brückenelementen angebrachte Rollen laufen entlang eines im Riet ausgebildeten Anschlages und führen somit den Webschützen innerhalb des Riets in Umlaufrichtung. Um zu gewährleisten, dass nur die Rollen beim Umlauf in etwaigem Kontakt mit den Anschlägen des Riets stehen, stehen diese an den Längsseiten des Webschützen vor. Zur schnellen und einfachen Anpassung an fertigungsbedingte oder bauartbedingte Unterschiede der Anschläge des Riets sind die Rollen zumindest einer Seite vorteilhaft exzentrisch verstellbar auf dem Brückenelement gelagert. Um auch hier den Vorteil möglichst vieler Gleichteile auszuschöpfen, ist bevorzugt jede Rolle auf dem Brückenelement exzentrisch verstellbar gelagert. Exzentrisch verstellbar gelagerte Rollen bieten weiters den Vorteil einer schnellen und akkuraten Ein- und Nachstellmöglichkeit bei etwaigem Verschleiß der Rollen.Rollers attached to the bridge elements run along a stop formed in the reed and thus guide the weavers within the reed in the direction of rotation. To ensure that only the rollers in circulation are in any contact with the Riet's stops, they protrude on the long sides of the shuttle. For quick and easy adaptation to production-related or design-related differences of the Riets attacks the rollers are at least one side advantageous eccentrically adjustable mounted on the bridge element. In order to exploit the advantage of as many identical parts as possible, each roller is preferably mounted on the bridge element eccentrically adjustable. Eccentrically adjustable mounted rollers also offer the advantage of a fast and accurate input and Nachstellmöglichkeit with any wear of the rollers.
Die Räder des Webschützen werden vorteilhaft mittels Halbachsen an den Trägern befestigt, wobei die Halbachsen bevorzugt drehfest an den Trägerplatten montiert sind und die Räder mittels Wälzlagern auf den Halbachsen drehbar gelagert sind. Die Halbachsen sind austauschbar ausgestaltet und bieten dadurch die Möglichkeit eines kostengünstigen und schnellen Tausches im Reparaturfall. Weiters können die Räder in individueller Ausrichtung und Einbaulage am Träger montiert werden. Halbachsen weisen konstruktionsbedingt eine bessere Federwirkung gegenüber Starrachsen auf, womit Unebenheiten des Riets besser aufgenommen und ausgeglichen werden können, was zu einem ruhigeren Lauf führt. In diesem Zusammenhang erweist sich weiters als sehr vorteilhaft gegenüberliegende Räder in Laufrichtung des Webschützen gegeneinander zu versetzen. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass mindestens ein Rad einer Achse immer auf einer Rietstange läuft und nicht wie im Stand der Technik der Webschützen in jede Öffnung zwischen den Rietstangen holpert. Durch diese konstruktive Maßnahme läuft der Webschützen noch ruhiger im Riet um, und somit werden weniger Schwingungen und Vibrationen in den Webschützen übertragen. Daraus resultierend verringert sich die Geräuschentwicklung während des Betriebs der Rundwebmaschine. Dieser Effekt wird noch verstärkt, wenn der Abstand zwischen den Rädern einer Längsseite des Webschützen und der Abstand zwischen den Rändern der gegenüberliegenden Längsseite des Webschützen gleich ausgeführt sind. Durch das daraus resultierende ausgewogene Laufverhalten des Webschützen werden nicht nur die Bauelemente des Webschützen weniger belastet, sondern es werden auch die auf das Riet wirkenden Kräfte im Betrieb verringert, wodurch die Abnützung während des Betriebs in der gesamten Rundwebmaschine reduziert wird.The wheels of the shuttle are advantageously fastened by means of half-axes to the carriers, wherein the half-axes are preferably rotatably mounted on the carrier plates and the wheels are rotatably supported by means of rolling bearings on the semi-axes. The half-axes are interchangeable designed and thus offer the possibility of a cost-effective and quick replacement in case of repair. Furthermore, the wheels can be mounted in individual orientation and mounting position on the carrier. Semi-axes are by design a better spring action over rigid axles, so that unevenness of Riets can be better absorbed and compensated, resulting in a quieter run. In this context, further proves to be very advantageous opposite wheels in the direction of the shuttle against each other. This ensures that at least one wheel of an axle always runs on a reed bar and does not bump into any opening between the reindeer bars as in the prior art of the shuttle. As a result of this constructive measure, the shuttle operates even more quietly in the reed, and thus less vibrations and vibrations are transmitted to the shuttle. As a result, the noise is reduced during operation of the circular loom. This effect is exacerbated when the distance between the wheels of a long side of the shuttle and the distance between the edges of the opposite longitudinal side of the shuttle are made equal. By the resulting balanced running behavior of the weaver not only the components of the weaver are less burdened, but it will be on the reed reduced operating forces during operation, whereby the wear during operation in the entire circular loom is reduced.
Bevorzugt werden die Halbachsen mittels Flanschen an den Trägern befestigt. In diesem Zusammenhang erweist sich als besonders vorteilhaft, je eine Halbachse exzentrisch an je einem Flansch zu befestigen. Somit kann der Versatz von gegenüberliegenden Rädern sehr einfach über die Einbaulage des Flansches realisiert werden, wobei der Vorteil von nur einem Typ von Radeinheit, also einem Typ von Rad mit Halbachse und Flansch, erhalten bleibt.Preferably, the half-axes are fastened by means of flanges to the carriers. In this context, it proves to be particularly advantageous to attach each half-axis eccentrically to each a flange. Thus, the offset of opposite wheels can be realized very easily on the mounting position of the flange, the advantage of only one type of wheel unit, ie a type of wheel with half-axis and flange, is maintained.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:
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Figur 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung des zugrunde liegenden Aufbaus einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Webschützen; und -
eine perspektivische Darstellung des Webschützen nachFigur 2Figur 1 mit dem gesamten Aufbau und einer eingesetzten Schussspule.
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FIG. 1 a perspective view of the underlying structure of an embodiment of a shuttle according to the invention; and -
FIG. 2 a perspective view of the weaver afterFIG. 1 with the entire structure and a used Schussspule.
Im folgenden wird die Fixierung eines Rades 4 an der Trägerplatte 2 beschrieben, diese ist auch jeweils für die restlichen an der Trägerplatte 2 angebrachten Räder 4 gültig. Die zentrale Bohrung bildet die Aufnahme für einen an dem Flansch 6 zentrisch angebrachten Wellenstumpf 8 aus, wodurch der Flansch 6 exakt an der Trägerplatte 2 positioniert und ausgerichtet ist. Die Fixierung des Flansches 6 an der Trägerplatte 2 erfolgt mittels nicht dargestellter Schrauben durch die drei um die zentrale Bohrung angeordneten Bohrungen. Aufgrund der Anordnung der Bohrungen ist nur eine Montageposition des Flansches 6 auf dem Träger 2 möglich, wobei infolge der exzentrischen Befestigung der Halbachsen 5 auf den Flanschen 6 und aufgrund der je Längsseite des Webschützen 1 unterschiedlichen Einbaulagen der Flansche 6 die Räder 4 einer Längsseite des Webschützen 1 gegenüber den Rädern 4 der anderen Längsseite des Webschützen 1 versetzt angeordnet sind.In the following, the fixation of a
An dem Webschützen 1 sind zwei Brückenplatten 9 angebracht, wobei jeweils eine Brückenplatte 9 im vorderen Bereich 15 und im hinteren Bereich 16 des Webschützen 1 angebracht ist. Das durch die Brückenplatten 9 und die Abstandshalter 3 entstehende quasi Fachwerk gewährleistet ein hohes Maß an Formstabilität bei gleichzeitig sehr geringem Gewicht. Auf den Brückenplatten 9 sind jeweils zwei Rollen 10 angebracht, die den Webschützen 1 in Längsrichtung in dem Riet entlang von Anschlägen in Umfangsrichtung führen. Die Rollen 10 sind so an den Brückenelementen 9 angebracht, dass sie längsseitig vorstehen und somit die maximale Breite des Webschützen 1 definieren. Zur Anpassung des Webschützen 1 an das Riet und zur Ein- und Nachstellung der Rollen 10 bei Verschleiß sind die Rollen 10 exzentrisch verstellbar auf den Brückenelement 9 gelagert.At the shuttle 1, two
Gemäß einer Ausführungsvariante weist die Trägerplatte 2 Ausnehmungen oder Löcher auf, die zur Reduzierung des Gewichts dienen. Diesbezüglich ist aber darauf zu achten, dass es durch die Gewichtsreduzierung zu keiner Materialschwächung bzw. Schwächung der Steifigkeit der Träger bzw. des Rahmens kommt.According to one embodiment, the
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante des Webschützen 1 sind die Träger aus Formrohren oder U-Profilen gefertigt.According to a further embodiment variant of the shuttle 1, the carriers are made of shaped tubes or U-profiles.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (6)
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EP15177448.6A EP3121319B1 (en) | 2015-07-20 | 2015-07-20 | Weaving shuttle |
PCT/EP2016/066517 WO2017012920A1 (en) | 2015-07-20 | 2016-07-12 | Weaving shuttle |
RU2018106020A RU2704594C2 (en) | 2015-07-20 | 2016-07-12 | Weaving shuttle |
BR112018000120-1A BR112018000120B1 (en) | 2015-07-20 | 2016-07-12 | loom shuttle |
CN201680042350.1A CN107923086B (en) | 2015-07-20 | 2016-07-12 | Knit shuttle |
TW105122299A TWI707997B (en) | 2015-07-20 | 2016-07-14 | Weaving shuttle |
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EP15177448.6A EP3121319B1 (en) | 2015-07-20 | 2015-07-20 | Weaving shuttle |
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CN (1) | CN107923086B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112018000120B1 (en) |
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CN110438630A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-12 | 雁峰集团有限公司 | A kind of shuttle wheel mounting structure and circular weaving machine |
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CN109468731A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-03-15 | 泰州市姜堰区鑫汇来纺织机械有限公司 | A kind of weft winding pipe of fire hose circular weaving machine |
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2016
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- 2016-07-12 RU RU2018106020A patent/RU2704594C2/en active
- 2016-07-12 BR BR112018000120-1A patent/BR112018000120B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2016-07-12 CN CN201680042350.1A patent/CN107923086B/en active Active
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BR112018000120B1 (en) | 2022-05-17 |
BR112018000120A2 (en) | 2018-09-04 |
EP3121319B1 (en) | 2020-03-04 |
CN107923086A (en) | 2018-04-17 |
TW201704576A (en) | 2017-02-01 |
RU2018106020A3 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
WO2017012920A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 |
TWI707997B (en) | 2020-10-21 |
CN107923086B (en) | 2019-12-03 |
RU2704594C2 (en) | 2019-10-29 |
RU2018106020A (en) | 2019-08-20 |
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