EP3114418B1 - Verfahren und anlage zum transportieren und verflüssigen von gas - Google Patents

Verfahren und anlage zum transportieren und verflüssigen von gas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3114418B1
EP3114418B1 EP15713210.1A EP15713210A EP3114418B1 EP 3114418 B1 EP3114418 B1 EP 3114418B1 EP 15713210 A EP15713210 A EP 15713210A EP 3114418 B1 EP3114418 B1 EP 3114418B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
medium
heat exchange
exchange unit
tank
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Application number
EP15713210.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3114418A2 (de
Inventor
Laurent Benoit
Anna TORRES-MANSILLA
Emeline DROUET
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Engie SA
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Engie SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0005—Light or noble gases
    • F25J1/001—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
    • F25J1/0223—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with the subsequent re-vaporisation of the originally liquefied gas at a second location to produce the external cryogenic component
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0234—Integration with a cryogenic air separation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/061—Fluid distribution for supply of supplying vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/063—Fluid distribution for supply of refuelling stations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F17C2270/0171—Trucks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/62—Liquefied natural gas [LNG]; Natural gas liquids [NGL]; Liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/80—Carbon dioxide

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for transporting gas after liquefaction of said gas, for example gas containing essentially methane, in accordance with the preamble of claim 1 and known from document US-A-2010/0319361 or the article by W. Bach, "Offshore Erdgasvertendedung mit Stickstoff relielte - Vietnamese joshausen Kunststoffaustechnisch undprocess von Gewickelten Rohr- und Platten administrat (2004). It also relates to an installation implementing said method.
  • Gas liquefaction plants are essentially intended to make said material transportable by tank without pressure or at low pressure. Very often, these are large fixed installations with little space constraints. They are found, for example, in ports for the transport of natural gas by LNG carriers. Liquefied natural gas is at a temperature of around -160 ° C and is transported in highly insulated tanks. Liquefaction is obtained by thermodynamic cycles comprising phases of compression, cooling and expansion of the gas.
  • the document EP 0 818 661 B1 shows an example of a liquefaction installation allowing the creation of frigories intended in particular for natural gas. A refrigerant is used in a closed circuit to convey refrigeration.
  • the invention aims to provide a transport method and an installation suitable for the implementation of this method which is suitable for low tonnage or intermittent sources.
  • the invention relates to a method of transporting gas from a point of production to a point of use according to claim 1.
  • a process is thus available for liquefying the gas in a very compact manner.
  • the cold is provided by the medium that it suffices to store.
  • the preparation of the liquid or solid medium takes place in another installation.
  • this preparation of the medium does not induce any specific energy expenditure, or then only marginally. The impact on the environment is therefore reduced.
  • the term “reservoir” is understood to mean a rigid or flexible device capable of containing the medium. It goes without saying that it is advantageous to provide a significant insulation of the tank in order to avoid the dispersion of the frigories.
  • the gas transport process applies to all gases but preferably to combustible gases such as methane or hydrogen.
  • the medium is for example air or nitrogen in liquid form.
  • the handling of this medium is not dangerous, because a leak has no environmental consequences.
  • the medium is available everywhere. Once the medium is used, it can be released into the atmosphere without consequence.
  • the temperature level reached by the expansion of nitrogen to atmospheric pressure makes it possible to directly achieve liquefaction of methane.
  • the medium can also be carbon dioxide in liquid or solid form or a mixture of the two phases.
  • the liquefaction step comprises at least one direct heat exchange step in the heat exchange unit between the gas to be liquefied and the medium.
  • This type of exchange allows for the most compact installation.
  • the exchange can take place, for example, in a plate heat exchanger with countercurrent fluids. Such an exchanger is very compact.
  • the medium is prepared to be liquefied or solidified in an installation remote from the heat exchange unit and then charged and transported by a vehicle to the point of gas production.
  • This other installation can be of large size and produce the medium in large quantity which is then subdivided for multiple installations according to the invention.
  • the large size of this other installation makes it possible to optimize the cost and efficiency of the production of the medium. It is even possible that said other installation produces cold marginally in a process dedicated to other needs.
  • the medium is prepared with frigories coming from a cold source independent of the process, for example in a liquefied natural gas regasification plant.
  • a cold source independent of the process, for example in a liquefied natural gas regasification plant.
  • the liquefied natural gas is regasified by heating in order to be injected into a natural gas network in gaseous form.
  • Such an installation is a significant cold source which can be used easily in order to prepare the medium for the process according to the invention without additional energy expenditure.
  • the medium is prepared by direct heat exchange of frigories between the cold source and the medium, the cold source possibly being a liquefied natural gas (LNG) regasification installation as above.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • a “hot” source can be used indirectly to generate frigories, for example by the use of a heat pump.
  • the medium preparation unit is connected to an LNG regasification installation and the frigories used for the production of the medium are produced during LNG regasification.
  • the gas is purified before the liquefaction step.
  • the gas can then be directly exploited in the applications intended for natural gas.
  • the purification can for example be obtained by distillation columns in which it is possible to separate components heavier than methane, compounds such as sulphides or hydrochloric acid and water.
  • the purification can also be on the principle of adsorption and / or absorption by means of catalysts
  • the medium is prepared for example with the frigories produced by the regasification of the liquefied gas during its use at the point of use.
  • the subject of the invention is also a gas liquefaction installation according to claim 12. to implement the method as described above.
  • the same vehicle can deliver the medium and leave with the liquefied gas, which makes it possible to optimize transport.
  • the installation can also include another vehicle to allow the transport of the liquefaction installation. These vehicles are suitable for river, road, rail or air transport.
  • a purification unit is placed upstream of the heat exchange unit to supply purified gas to the heat exchange unit.
  • figure 1 is a diagram of the process according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 A gas liquefaction process according to the invention is shown schematically on figure 1 .
  • a liquefaction installation 1 there is a liquefaction installation 1, an LNG terminal 2 and a station 3 for using liquefied gas.
  • At least one source of gas 4 is received, such as gas produced by a methanization station or a household refuse dump.
  • the gas is essentially composed of methane.
  • this gas can optionally be a mixture of gaseous compounds other than methane, such as complex hydrocarbons (ethane, butane).
  • the liquefaction installation 1 also receives a medium 5 in liquid form, such as, for example, liquid air or liquid nitrogen.
  • the medium can be replaced by carbon dioxide in liquid, solid or two-phase (gas and liquid) form.
  • the gas from the source 4 is liquefied by cooling it to a temperature below a liquefaction temperature of said gas in a heat exchange unit 10.
  • the heat exchange unit 10 is for example a plate heat exchanger receiving on the one hand the gas from the source and on the other hand the medium 5 in liquid form.
  • the medium 5 is delivered for example by vehicle such as a truck 6 comprising a mobile tank 60 for thermally insulated cryogenic fluid in which it remains stored during use, or from which it is transferred to a fixed tank 11 of the heating installation.
  • the vehicle could also be a railway car, barge or boat.
  • the exchanger is for example a countercurrent exchanger in which the medium 5 vaporizes at atmospheric pressure. The vaporized medium is released into the atmosphere. The heat exchange can take place over several stages, possibly with a first compression of the gas from the source, making it possible to obtain liquefaction at a lower temperature than at atmospheric pressure.
  • the liquefaction unit also includes accessory devices such as pumps, pressure reducers and / or compressors, valves in order to facilitate the cooling of the gas and to help the circulation of fluids. These accessory devices are per se known to those skilled in the art.
  • the liquefaction unit can also include a pre-cooling or post-cooling module making it possible to adjust the temperature of the gas before or after it is cooled.
  • the liquefied gas 7 is stored and then transported in a thermally insulated tank. It may be the same mobile tank 60 which transported the medium 5 previously or a different tank. Liquefied gas 7 is delivered to the liquefied gas user station 3, as for example a boiler room, a service station for vehicles, a tank or an injection point on a gas network.
  • the medium 5 is prepared in a preparation installation 13, in which frigories are readily available.
  • a preparation installation 13 in which frigories are readily available.
  • this is a liquefied natural gas regasification installation of an LNG terminal 2, in which the natural gas is delivered in liquefied form (LNG) and is gasified before being injected into a pipeline network for its distribution.
  • LNG liquefied form
  • the LNG terminal releases large quantities of unused frigories.
  • Nitrogen can possibly be separated from the oxygen to keep only the nitrogen as medium 5, according to known methods.
  • the medium 5 is liquefied in an installation remote from the heat exchange unit 10.
  • the preparation installation could also be a liquefaction installation dedicated to the preparation of medium, but supplying several liquefaction installations 1 according to the invention, so that its size can be large while being free from the constraints of miniaturization and clutter.
  • Such a preparation installation can be advantageously installed to take advantage of a source of frigorie or excess energy.
  • the surplus energy source can be, for example, a renewable energy source whose punctual production is beyond instantaneous needs.
  • the preparation installation 13 of the medium 5 is arranged to transfer the available frigories directly to the medium, as opposed to a medium preparation installation comprising a hot source, the latter then being converted into an indirect cold source.
  • a purification unit 12 placed upstream of the heat exchange unit 10 to supply purified gas to the unit. heat exchange 10.
  • a purification unit 12 is provided to dry the gas and remove traces of hydrocarbons heavier than methane as well as other compounds such as sulphides or acids.
  • the purification unit 12 can be based, as is known to those skilled in the art, on the principle of adsorption and / or absorption by means of catalysts.
  • the liquefaction installation In the absence of a cold production unit, the liquefaction installation is compact enough to be mounted on a vehicle, because the cold is already generated elsewhere than in the liquefaction installation 1.
  • the unit d 'purification 12 is on a second vehicle.
  • the auxiliary operating energy of the liquefaction installation can be supplied by an electrical network or directly in mechanical or electrical form by the engine of the vehicle itself or by a dedicated heat engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Verfahren zum Transport von Gas von einer Produktionsstelle zu einer Gebrauchsstelle, wobei das Verfahren Folgendes aufweist:
    • einen Schritt des Verflüssigens des Gases, wobei das Gas in einer Wärmeaustauscheinheit (10) auf eine Temperatur unter einer Verflüssigungstemperatur des Gases gekühlt wird,
    • einen Schritt des Transportierens des Flüssiggases zur Gebrauchsstelle, sich die Wärmeaustauscheinheit (10) nahe der Produktionsstelle befindet und zur Kühlung in der Wärmeaustauscheinheit (10) Frigorien aus einem Medium (5) genutzt werden, das zuvor in einem Behälter gespeichert wurde, der an einem Fahrzeug in der Nähe der Wärmeaustauscheinheit (10) angebracht ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter ein Einzelbehälter ist, der durch eine abnehmbare Wand getrennt ist, um einen Mediumbehälter (5) und einen Flüssiggasbehälter zu bilden.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Medium (5) Luft oder Stickstoff in flüssiger Form ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Medium (5) Kohlendioxid in flüssiger oder fester Form oder ein Gemisch beider Phasen ist.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, wobei der Schritt des Verflüssigens mindestens einen Schritt des direkten Wärmeaustauschs in der Wärmeaustauscheinheit (10) zwischen dem zu verflüssigenden Gas und dem Medium (5) aufweist.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Medium (5) in einer Einheit zur Vorbereitung des Mediums (13) vorbereitet wird, die von der Wärmeaustauscheinheit (10) entfernt ist, dann geladen und vom Fahrzeug zur Produktionsstelle des Gases transportiert wird.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Gas vor dem Schritt des Verflüssigens gereinigt wird.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Medium (5) mit Frigorien vorbereitet wird, die aus einer Kältequelle stammen, die vom Verfahren unabhängig ist.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, wobei das Medium (5) durch direkten Wärmeaustausch der Frigorien der Kältequelle zum Medium (5) vorbereitet wird.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Einheit zur Vorbereitung des Mediums (5) mit einer Anlage zur Rückvergasung des Flüssigerdgases (13) verbunden ist und die Frigorien, die zur Produktion des Mediums genutzt werden, bei der Rückvergasung des Flüssigerdgases erzeugt werden.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Medium (5) mit den Frigorien vorbereitet wird, die durch die Rückvergasung des Flüssiggases bei dessen Nutzung an der Gebrauchsstelle erzeugt werden.
  11. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das transportierte Gas hauptsächlich aus Methan zusammengesetzt ist.
  12. Gasverflüssigungsanlage aufweisend
    • eine Wärmeaustauscheinheit (10), in welcher das eintretende Gas auf eine Temperatur unter einer Verflüssigungstemperatur des Gases gekühlt wird, um in flüssiger Form wieder auszutreten,
    • ein Fahrzeug und einen Einzelbehälter, der durch eine abnehmbare Wand getrennt ist, um einen Mediumbehälter (5) und einen Flüssiggasbehälter zu bilden, die am Fahrzeug angebracht sind, und
    • eine Leitung, die den Behälter mit der Wärmeaustauscheinheit (10) verbindet, um das Medium (5) zur Wärmeaustauscheinheit (10) zu übertragen, um das Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 umzusetzen.
  13. Anlage nach Anspruch 12, wobei die Wärmeaustauscheinheit (10) am Fahrzeug angebracht ist.
  14. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 13, wobei eine Reinigungseinheit (12) stromauf der Reinigungseinheit (10) platziert ist, um der Wärmeaustauscheinheit (10) Reingas zuzuführen.
  15. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, wobei das Fahrzeug für den Fluss-, Straßen-, Schienen- oder Lufttransport geeignet ist.
EP15713210.1A 2014-03-03 2015-02-27 Verfahren und anlage zum transportieren und verflüssigen von gas Active EP3114418B1 (de)

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FR1451707A FR3018111B1 (fr) 2014-03-03 2014-03-03 Procede et installation de transport et de liquefaction de gaz
PCT/FR2015/050492 WO2015136182A2 (fr) 2014-03-03 2015-02-27 Procédé et installation de transport et de liquéfaction de gaz

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FR3067820B1 (fr) * 2017-06-15 2019-07-12 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Installation de radioastronomie
CN109132251B (zh) * 2018-09-14 2024-08-20 丁玉龙 一种基于液态气体储能的离岸可再生能源输运系统及方法
US10961109B2 (en) * 2018-11-16 2021-03-30 China Energy Investment Corporation Limited Fluid bypass method and system for controlling the temperature of a non-petroleum fuel
FR3106874B1 (fr) * 2020-02-05 2022-07-01 Air Liquide Procédé de livraison de gaz liquéfié

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US3400545A (en) * 1965-05-31 1968-09-10 Shell Oil Co Use of cold-carriers in liquefaction and regasification of gases
DE2014776A1 (en) * 1970-03-26 1971-09-30 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Liquid carbon dioxide as coolant for natural gas
WO2009080678A2 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-02 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Method of producing a gasified hydrocarbon stream; method of liquefying a gaseous hydrocarbon stream; and a cyclic process wherein cooling and re-warming a nitrogen-based stream, and wherein liquefying and regasifying a hydrocarbon stream

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WO2015136182A2 (fr) 2015-09-17
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DK3114418T3 (da) 2021-07-05
WO2015136182A3 (fr) 2015-12-17
FR3018111B1 (fr) 2019-06-07
EP3114418A2 (de) 2017-01-11

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