EP3111059B1 - Circuit de vapeur d'eau et procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de vapeur d'eau - Google Patents

Circuit de vapeur d'eau et procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de vapeur d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3111059B1
EP3111059B1 EP15716068.0A EP15716068A EP3111059B1 EP 3111059 B1 EP3111059 B1 EP 3111059B1 EP 15716068 A EP15716068 A EP 15716068A EP 3111059 B1 EP3111059 B1 EP 3111059B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
pressure turbine
pressure
turbine
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15716068.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3111059A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Leu
Martin Ophey
Klaus Rothe
David Veltmann
Kai Brune
Matthias Heue
Rudolf PÖTTER
Michael Schütz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP3111059A1 publication Critical patent/EP3111059A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
    • F01K9/04—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines with dump valves to by-pass stages

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a water vapor circuit for a power plant and a method for operating a water vapor circuit.
  • start-up line is provided for the start-up operation, which connects an area behind the high-pressure turbine (also referred to as the evaporation chamber) to the condenser of the steam turbine and thereby enables the counterpressure of the high-pressure turbine to be reduced.
  • the start-up line In order to convert steam turbines from the prior art from start-up operation or idling to power operation, the start-up line is closed. Closing the start-up line is necessary because the mass flow of steam that is fed to the condenser via the start-up line is not available for cooling the reheat.
  • the start-up line When the start-up line is closed, the pressure at the outlet from the high-pressure turbine rises, and with it the outlet temperature the high pressure turbine. An inadmissible temperature rise after closing the start-up line can be prevented by simultaneously increasing the mass flow through the high-pressure turbine.
  • the two requirements mentioned require an optimal coordination of closing the start line and opening the live steam valves, in order to be able to quickly increase the mass flow of steam via the live steam valves and thus keep the temperature low, and on the other hand to limit the mass flow via the start line so that the Intermediate overheating is sufficiently supplied and a so-called high-pressure bypass station can regulate the live steam pressure.
  • WO 2013/031121 A1 shows a steam turbine device and a method for its operation, wherein a start of the steam turbine is controlled by means of an overflow line system.
  • the object of the invention is to make the start-up process "smoother" and more fluid and thus to lower the load on the components.
  • An advantageous development of the water vapor circuit consists in that the controller for closing the start-up valve and the controller for opening the live steam valves are integrated in a common module.
  • the common controller can control the opening of the live steam valves and the closing of the start valve.
  • start-up line arises between the high-pressure turbine and the reheater and opens into the condenser.
  • the start-up line thus ensures a direct connection of the exhaust steam area to the condenser, so that the steam can be removed from the exhaust steam area without further intermediate elements.
  • a further advantageous development consists in that a non-return device is provided in a line section between the high-pressure turbine and the reheater, which prevents the steam from flowing back in the direction of the high-pressure turbine.
  • a non-return device reliably ensures that steam does not flow back from the reheater into the high-pressure turbine in any operating state and, if necessary, promotes turbine quick-closing.
  • a non-return valve is a particularly simple and effective non-return device.
  • a further advantageous development consists in that, at least in sections, a further line is arranged parallel to the start-up line, which also connects the high-pressure turbine or the exhaust steam area to the condenser.
  • a further development of the method according to the invention consists in that the pressure of the steam is raised in a time-delayed and ramp-like manner before entering the high-pressure turbine, in particular in a blading chamber of the high-pressure turbine.
  • the mass flow through the high-pressure turbine can be easily regulated by gradually increasing the pressure.
  • a further advantageous development is that the pressure of the steam is increased before entering the high-pressure turbine, in particular before entering the blading space, with the starting valve in a defined position.
  • a defined position of the start valve which partially closes the start-up line, can limit the mass flow through the start-up line and can thus be used as a further control variable.
  • the opening of the live steam valves can be controlled by increasing the pressure setpoint on a pressure limiting controller before entering the high-pressure turbine or the blading chamber.
  • the mass flow through the high-pressure turbine can be regulated more precisely by a defined opening of the live steam valves with a simultaneously defined position of the starting valve.
  • Fig. 1 shows a water vapor circuit 10 with a high-pressure turbine 12, a medium-pressure turbine 50 and a low-pressure turbine 60.
  • the turbines (12, 50, 60) are arranged on a common shaft which is coupled to a generator (not shown).
  • the steam circuit 10 further comprises a steam generator 30, a condenser 40 and a feed pump 70.
  • the steam generator 30 is connected to the high-pressure turbine 12 via a first line 17, with live steam valves 14, 15 being arranged on the first line 17, via which steam is supplied the steam generator 30 can be prevented.
  • the live steam valve 14 acts as a live steam quick-closing valve and the live steam valve 15 acts as a live steam control valve.
  • a pressure limiting controller 29 is arranged on the live steam control valve 15, Via which the mass flow of steam from the steam generator 30 to the high-pressure turbine 12 can be limited.
  • the high-pressure turbine 12 is followed by an exhaust steam region 13 in the flow direction of the steam, which is supplied with steam, which leaves the high-pressure turbine 12 at the outlet.
  • the evaporation area 13 is connected to an intermediate superheater 20 via a line section 18, in which a non-return flap 19 is arranged.
  • the reheater 20 is connected to the medium-pressure turbine 50 via a line 37, in which live steam valves 38, 39 are arranged to shut off or regulate the steam supply.
  • the reheater 20 is also connected via a line 35 to the condenser 40, a medium-pressure bypass station 36 with a downstream spraying device 33 being arranged in the line 35, with which the pressure supply to the medium-pressure turbine 50 can be regulated.
  • the steam generator 30 is also connected to the reheater 20 via a line 21 in which a high-pressure bypass station 22 and a spray device 55 are arranged.
  • the evaporation area 13 is connected to the condenser 40 via a start-up line 23, 25.
  • a start valve 27 and a spray device 34 are arranged in the start line 25.
  • the starting valve 27 can be regulated via a controller 26 and can be partially opened between the positions “completely open” and “completely closed” at least in discrete intermediate stages. Alternatively, a fully controllable starting valve 27 would also be possible.
  • a drain line 28 is arranged parallel to the start-up line 25, which also opens into the condenser 40. The drain line can be opened via a drain valve 24.
  • the steam generator 30 is connected to the low-pressure turbine 60 via a line 52, a control flap 53 being arranged in the line 52, which controls the steam supply into the low-pressure turbine 60.
  • the medium-pressure turbine 50 is connected to the low-pressure turbine 60 via a line 51, the line 52 opens into the line 51.
  • a line 54 leads from the low-pressure turbine 60 to the condenser 40, which in turn is connected to the feed pump 70 via a line 41.
  • the feed pump 70 is connected to the steam generator 30 via a line 42.
  • the steam generator 30 is supplied with water via the pressure-building feed pump 70 and the line 42.
  • the water is evaporated and overheated.
  • This steam is fed to the high-pressure turbine 12 via the first line 17, the steam partially relaxing.
  • the steam is again supplied with energy in the reheater 20, which it emits via the medium-pressure turbine 50 and the low-pressure turbine 60.
  • the expanded steam then condenses in the condenser 40 and is fed back to the steam generator 30 as water via the line 41, thus closing the circuit.
  • Water can be supplied to the steam in the lines 21, 25 and 28 via the respective spray devices 33, 34, 55 in order to lower the temperature of the steam when it enters the condenser 40 or the reheater 20.
  • a controller 26 is provided on the starting valve 27, which opens the starting valve 27 as a function of the temperature, pressure and speed of the high-pressure turbine 12.
  • the corresponding sensors for detecting the speed are not shown, but can simply be arranged on the shaft which carries the turbine stages 12, 50, 60 and is connected to the generator.
  • the sensors for detecting the temperature and the pressure are expediently arranged before entering the blading area of the high-pressure turbine 12 or at the outlet of the high-pressure turbine 12 or in the evaporation area 13.
  • Fig. 2 a flow diagram for starting a water vapor circuit with a steam turbine is shown.
  • a start-up process of the steam turbine 12, 50, 60 is started.
  • the steam turbine 12, 50, 60 is accelerated by completely opening the live steam quick-closing valves 14, 38 and then opening the live steam valves 15, 39.
  • the start line 25 is opened by opening the start valve 27 and the pressure limiting controller 29 is switched on.
  • a heating speed is reached and the steam turbine 12, 50, 60 is further accelerated to the nominal speed.
  • the steam turbine is operated at idle and synchronized with the power grid.
  • the output of the steam turbine 12, 50, 60 is increased further until a mass flow of steam via the high-pressure turbine 12 without pressure-limiting regulator 29 would be so great that an evaporating temperature after the high-pressure turbine 12 is just still permissible when the start-up line 25 is closed .
  • the start-up valve 27 starts to close the start-up line 25. From a defined position of the start-up valve 27, a pressure setpoint of the pressure limiting regulator 29 is set in the subsequent process steps [170], [171], [172], [173] delayed and ramped and raised at a certain speed. This results in a defined opening of the live steam valves 15, 39. This process continues until the mass flow of steam through the high pressure turbine 12 has exceeded a threshold value. In a final process step [180], the start line 25 or the start valve 27 is completely closed and the steam turbine 12, 50, 60 is switched to power operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Circuit (10) de vapeur d'eau d'une centrale électrique, comprenant une turbine (12) de haute pression, un condenseur (40), ainsi qu'un générateur (30) de vapeur, dans lequel le générateur (30) de vapeur communique avec la turbine (12) de haute pression par un premier conduit (17),
    dans lequel au moins une vanne (15) de vapeur vive est montée dans le sens de passage de la vapeur entre le générateur (30) de vapeur et la turbine (12) de haute pression, et
    dans lequel il est monté, dans le sens de passage de la vapeur, après la turbine (12) de haute pression, un conduit (23, 25) de démarrage, qui met une partie (13) de vapeur d'échappement, derrière la turbine (12) de haute pression, en communication avec le condenseur (40),
    dans lequel
    il est prévu au moins un régleur (26, 29), qui, en fonction de paramètres de fonctionnement de la turbine (12) de haute pression, règle une fermeture d'une vanne (27) de démarrage pour la fermeture du conduit (25) de démarrage et une ouverture de la au moins une vanne (15) de vapeur vive, une ouverture de la vanne (27) de démarrage étant réglable, au moins par palier, entre les positions « ouverte complètement » et « fermée complètement », caractérisé en ce que la vanne (27) de démarrage peut être ouverte en partie, au moins en pas intermédiaires discrets, et une valeur de consigne de pression du régleur (26, 29) peut, en fonction de l'ouverture de la vanne (27) de démarrage, être élevée de manière retardée dans le temps et en forme de rampe à une vitesse déterminée.
  2. Circuit de vapeur d'eau suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les paramètres de fonctionnement de la turbine de haute pression sont une vitesse de rotation, une température, notamment la température dans la partie (13) de vapeur d'échappement, une pression et/ou un état de charge de la turbine (12) de haute pression.
  3. Circuit de vapeur d'eau suivant la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les régleurs (26, 29) sont intégrés dans un module commun.
  4. Circuit de vapeur d'eau suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    un surchauffeur (20) intermédiaire est prévu entre la turbine (12) de haute pression et un autre étage (50, 60) de turbine.
  5. Circuit de vapeur d'eau suivant la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le conduit (23, 25) de démarrage sort entre la turbine (12) de haute pression et le surchauffeur (20) intermédiaire et débouche dans le condenseur (40).
  6. Circuit de vapeur d'eau suivant la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il est prévu, dans un tronçon (18) de conduit, entre la turbine (12) de haute pression et le surchauffeur (20) intermédiaire, un dispositif (19) antiretour, notamment un clapet antiretour, qui empêche un retour de la vapeur en direction de la turbine (12) de haute pression.
  7. Circuit de vapeur d'eau suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    au moins par endroit, est monté, parallèlement au conduit (23, 25) de démarrage, un autre conduit (28), notamment un conduit de vidange de la turbine (12) de haute pression, qui met également la turbine (12) de haute pression en communication avec le condenseur (40).
  8. Procédé pour faire fonctionner, notamment pour faire démarrer un circuit (10) de vapeur d'eau ayant une turbine (12) de haute pression, un condenseur (40), ainsi qu'un générateur (30) de vapeur, comprenant au moins les stades de procédé suivants :
    • début de l'opération de démarrage de la turbine (12, 50, 60, 100) à vapeur ;
    • accélération de la turbine (12, 50, 60) à vapeur par ouverture de vannes (15, 110) de vapeur vive ;
    • ouverture d'un conduit (25) de démarrage et montage d'un régleur (29, 120) de limitation de la pression ;
    • accélération de la turbine (12, 50, 60) à vapeur jusqu'à une vitesse (130) de rotation nominale ;
    • fonctionnement de la turbine (12, 50, 60) à vapeur en marche à vide et synchronisation avec le réseau (140) ;
    • augmentation de la puissance de la turbine (12, 50, 60) à vapeur jusqu'à ce qu'un courant massique de la vapeur, passant par la turbine (12) de haute pression, atteigne une valeur de seuil (150) ;
    • début de l'opération de fermeture du conduit (25) de démarrage par fermeture d'une vanne (27, 160) de démarrage, caractérisé en ce que le procédé comprend les stades de procédé suivants :
    • à partir d'une position définie de la vanne (27) de démarrage, élévation réglée de la pression avant l'entrée dans la turbine (12) de haute pression par le régleur (29, 170) de limitation de la pression, la pression avant l'entrée dans la turbine (12) de haute pression étant élevée de manière retardée dans le temps et en forme de rampe à une vitesse déterminée à l'avance (171) ;
    • fin de l'opération de fermeture du conduit (25) de démarrage par fermeture complète de la vanne (27) de démarrage et passage de la turbine (12, 50, 60) à vapeur en fonctionnement (180) de puissance.
  9. Procédé suivant la revendication 8,
    dans lequel une élévation de la pression avant l'entrée dans la turbine (12) de haute pression a lieu à une position définie de la vanne (27) de démarrage (72).
  10. Procédé suivant la revendication 9,
    dans lequel, par l'élévation de la valeur de consigne de la pression au régleur (29) de limitation de la pression avant l'entrée dans la turbine (12) de haute pression, on commande une ouverture des vannes (15) de vapeur vive.
EP15716068.0A 2014-05-06 2015-04-16 Circuit de vapeur d'eau et procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de vapeur d'eau Active EP3111059B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14167157.8A EP2942493A1 (fr) 2014-05-06 2014-05-06 Circuit de vapeur d'eau et procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de vapeur d'eau
PCT/EP2015/058308 WO2015169562A1 (fr) 2014-05-06 2015-04-16 Circuit de vapeur d'eau et procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de vapeur d'eau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3111059A1 EP3111059A1 (fr) 2017-01-04
EP3111059B1 true EP3111059B1 (fr) 2020-03-25

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EP14167157.8A Withdrawn EP2942493A1 (fr) 2014-05-06 2014-05-06 Circuit de vapeur d'eau et procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de vapeur d'eau
EP15716068.0A Active EP3111059B1 (fr) 2014-05-06 2015-04-16 Circuit de vapeur d'eau et procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de vapeur d'eau

Family Applications Before (1)

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EP14167157.8A Withdrawn EP2942493A1 (fr) 2014-05-06 2014-05-06 Circuit de vapeur d'eau et procédé de fonctionnement d'un circuit de vapeur d'eau

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Country Link
US (1) US10167742B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2942493A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6685237B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20160148013A (fr)
CN (1) CN106255807B (fr)
BR (1) BR112016025215A2 (fr)
RU (1) RU2653617C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015169562A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3444449A1 (fr) * 2017-08-18 2019-02-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Installation dotée d'une station de dérivation

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JPS6193208A (ja) * 1984-10-15 1986-05-12 Hitachi Ltd タ−ビンバイパス系統
US4691086A (en) 1986-04-03 1987-09-01 Indak Manufacturing Corp. Pushbutton electrical switch having a flairing contactor loosely rotatable on a spring-biased eyelet
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RU35374U1 (ru) 2003-10-16 2004-01-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Ленинградский Металлический завод" Устройство пуска энергоблока теплоэлектростанций
US8484975B2 (en) * 2008-02-05 2013-07-16 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for start-up of a power plant
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JP5221443B2 (ja) * 2009-05-08 2013-06-26 株式会社東芝 一軸型複合サイクル発電プラントの起動方法および一軸型複合サイクル発電プラント
US8783043B2 (en) * 2009-07-15 2014-07-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for removal of entrained gas in a combined cycle power generation system
EP2503112A1 (fr) * 2011-03-24 2012-09-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de commutation rapide d'un émetteur de vapeur
JP5734792B2 (ja) * 2011-08-30 2015-06-17 株式会社東芝 蒸気タービンプラントおよびその運転方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2942493A1 (fr) 2015-11-11
BR112016025215A2 (pt) 2017-08-15
WO2015169562A1 (fr) 2015-11-12
EP3111059A1 (fr) 2017-01-04
US20170044935A1 (en) 2017-02-16
KR20160148013A (ko) 2016-12-23
JP2017521591A (ja) 2017-08-03
CN106255807B (zh) 2018-02-23
US10167742B2 (en) 2019-01-01
CN106255807A (zh) 2016-12-21
RU2653617C1 (ru) 2018-05-11
JP6685237B2 (ja) 2020-04-22

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