EP3105098B1 - Articulated connection for a rail vehicle - Google Patents

Articulated connection for a rail vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3105098B1
EP3105098B1 EP15741835.1A EP15741835A EP3105098B1 EP 3105098 B1 EP3105098 B1 EP 3105098B1 EP 15741835 A EP15741835 A EP 15741835A EP 3105098 B1 EP3105098 B1 EP 3105098B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail vehicle
gantry
centre
rolling
joint
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EP15741835.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3105098A1 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Vemmer
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Siemens Mobility GmbH
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Siemens Mobility GmbH
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Priority to PL15741835T priority Critical patent/PL3105098T3/en
Publication of EP3105098A1 publication Critical patent/EP3105098A1/en
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Publication of EP3105098B1 publication Critical patent/EP3105098B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G5/00—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for
    • B61G5/02—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for for coupling articulated trains, locomotives and tenders or the bogies of a vehicle; Coupling by means of a single coupling bar; Couplings preventing or limiting relative lateral movement of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D13/00—Tramway vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rail vehicle with at least one supported on a chassis center portal, a first and a second car body, wherein the first and the second car body are each hingedly connected to the center portal.
  • the joints between the center portal and the car bodies are each designed so that pitching and / or pivoting movements between the center portal and one of the car bodies are allowed.
  • the secondary suspension is indeed soft to train and thus reduce the Radlastumver whatsoever, but this is accompanied by a reduced tilting safety.
  • the CH 359733 A and the DE 10 2004 014 903 A1 on the other hand show rail vehicles with a, between two car bodies arranged middle car body, which is litter-like supported on the two adjacent car bodies, without being directly supported on a bogie.
  • the joints between the middle car body and the adjacent car bodies are designed so that rolling and / or pivoting movements are permitted between them, wherein the rolling movements are coupled to each other, so that set predetermined roll angle.
  • the document EP 2 199 174 A2 discloses a rail vehicle having a central carbody supported on a landing gear and two other vehicle bodies, each pivotally connected to the middle carbody, each connected to the middle carbody, such that their respective rolling movements are coupled to the middle carbody.
  • the invention has the object to provide a rail vehicle with reduced Radlastumver whatsoeveren and high security against tipping.
  • a rail vehicle comprises at least one center portal supported on a chassis.
  • it includes a first and at least one other, second car body.
  • To execute at least one pivoting movement to the center portal both the first car body, and the second car body are each hingedly connected to the center portal.
  • a rail vehicle is generally a track-guided vehicle.
  • a rail vehicle according to the invention is, in particular, a rail vehicle of passenger traffic, for example local passenger transport. It is designed as a low-floor vehicle or as a high-floor vehicle. It has at least two articulated car bodies, which are hinged together via a center portal. Developed, it has several articulated car bodies. According to a further development, a plurality of center portals may be provided, by means of which in each case two adjacent car bodies are hingedly connected.
  • the at least one center portal is disposed between the first and second car bodies which are adjacent to the center portal. It is based on a chassis, especially a bogie. If several center portals are provided, these can also each be supported on a chassis, in particular a bogie.
  • the chassis or in particular the bogie on which the center portal is supported also serves to support the first and second car body. Both car bodies use this chassis or bogie together.
  • Such a bogie which is common to both car bodies, is also referred to as a Jacobs bogie.
  • the car bodies are connected in such an articulated manner to the center portal that rolling movements between the car bodies and the center portal are permitted around a vehicle longitudinal axis.
  • the joints of the car bodies with the center portal are suitable to allow pivoting movements about a vehicle's vertical axis.
  • the joints of the car bodies can be designed with the center portal suitable to allow pitching movements about a vehicle transverse axis.
  • the articulated connections of the car bodies with the center portal are designed and coupled to each other such that a pitching movement of the first cheek box to the center portal leads to a pitch pitch of the second car body to the center portal by a predetermined second pitch angle, which is dependent on the first pitch angle.
  • a pitching movement of the first cheek box to the center portal leads to a pitch pitch of the second car body to the center portal by a predetermined second pitch angle, which is dependent on the first pitch angle.
  • the pitch angles can in turn be in a predetermined relationship to each other.
  • the ratio of the first pitch angle to the second pitch angle is one.
  • the ratio of first pitch angle to second pitch angle may be equal to a ratio of a chassis or bogie center distance of the first car body to a chassis or bogie center distance of the second car body, respectively related to the chassis or the bogie to which the Center portal supported.
  • a damping device for damping a pitching movement of the first car body to the center portal and / or for damping a pitching movement of the second car body can be provided to the center portal.
  • a hinge connection which allows both a roll and a pivoting movement between the center portal and the corresponding car body, can also be used as a swivel-roll joint be designated. If such a hinge connection additionally permits a pitching movement between the center portal and the corresponding carbody, this can be referred to as a swivel-pitch-roll joint.
  • each car body further developed with the center portal on each of a lower and an upper joint as a hinge connection.
  • the lower joint is then executed, for example, each as a spherical joint.
  • This allows in addition to pivotal movements also rolling and / or pitching movements when the upper joint is designed according to a swivel-roll joint or as a swivel-pitch or even as a swivel-Nick-Wank joint.
  • the upper joint is at least each soft, so soft in the vehicle transverse direction.
  • the functional relationships between the two roll angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the car bodies to the center portal and between the two roll support moments M W 1 and M W 2 are generated by mechanical, hydraulic or electromagnetic means.
  • Mechanical means are, for example, mechanical gears.
  • Hydraulic means act analogously as hydraulic Transmission.
  • electromagnetic means may serve, for example, electromagnetic actuators such as electric motors.
  • a first articulated connection between the central portal and the first vehicle body comprises a lower joint, in particular a spherical joint, and an upper pivot-roll joint.
  • a second articulated connection between the center portal and the second vehicle body may comprise a lower joint, in particular a spherical joint, and an upper pivot-roll joint.
  • a first articulated connection between the central portal and the first vehicle body comprises a lower joint, in particular a spherical joint, and an upper pivot-Nick-Wank joint and / or that a second articulated connection between the center portal and the first vehicle body includes a lower joint, in particular a spherical joint, and an upper pivot-Nick-Wank joint.
  • the following statements mainly relate to an upper swivel-roll joint. However, this is not intended to preclude the presence of a swivel-pitch-roll joint.
  • the upper pivot-roll joint may also include a spherical joint, which is designed to be movable in the lateral direction, for example, is held displaceably in the vehicle transverse direction.
  • each of the two car bodies is supported via a spherical joint as a lower joint on the center portal and with respect to the common bogie.
  • the lower joint is stiff in the lateral direction.
  • the upper pivot-roll joint is designed to be yielding in the lateral direction.
  • the respective lower joint may be arranged in each case in the lower, the chassis or the bogie facing region of the center portal.
  • this is respective upper joint respectively arranged in the upper, a roof of the rail vehicle facing region of the center portal.
  • a variant consists in that the respective lower joint is arranged in each case in the region of the floor of the rail vehicle below the passenger compartment of the respective car body.
  • the respective upper pivot-roll joint can in turn be arranged in each case above the passenger compartment of the corresponding car body.
  • Another option may be that the respective lower and / or upper joint between the center portal and the car body is arranged. The lower joint is placed below the upper joint.
  • a further embodiment provides that the lower joint of the first joint between the center portal and the first car body and the lower joint of the second joint between the center portal and the second car body are arranged concentrically or on a common axis, in particular parallel to a vertical axis of the rail vehicle lie. Additionally or alternatively, in a staggered or pitch-free condition of the rail vehicle, the upper pivot-roll joint of the first articulation between the center portal and the first body and the upper pivot-roll joint of the second articulation between the center portal and the second body can be concentric be arranged or lie on a common axis, in particular parallel to a vertical axis of the rail vehicle.
  • the lower joint of the first articulated connection between the central portal and the first vehicle body and the upper pivot and roll joint of the first articulated connection between the center portal and the first vehicle body are arranged so that they are in a jerk and nick réelle condition of the first car body to the center portal lie on a line parallel to a vertical axis of the rail vehicle.
  • Analog can be further developed the lower joint the second articulated connection between the center portal and the second car body and the upper pivot and roll joint of the second articulated connection between the center portal and the second car body be arranged so that they in a roll and nick réelle state of the second car body to the center portal in a line parallel lie to a vertical axis of the rail vehicle.
  • both articulated joints are arranged accordingly, they are thus on mutually parallel lines or even, according to an embodiment of the invention, on a common line, in particular a vertical axis of the rail vehicle. This pivotal movements of the joints of possible rolling or pitching movements are largely decoupled.
  • the lower joint can be designed as a spherical bearing in the sense of a design example.
  • the center portal comprises a joint socket, in which a further joint socket is rotatably mounted as part of the joint connection with a car body.
  • the articulation with the other car body then includes a joint hip, which is rotatably mounted in the further joint socket.
  • Both joints are in particular arranged concentrically rotatable about the same vertical axis.
  • Another embodiment of the lower joint is that it comprises a turntable, which is arranged by means of elastic elements, such as rubber bearings, on the center portal.
  • the turntable thus has at least a predetermined Verwindweeichheit.
  • the turntable is otherwise executed verwindesteif and serves the pivoting movement.
  • the necessary degrees of freedom of movement for rolling and / or pitching motion are granted by the elastic elements.
  • the car bodies can also be connected to the turntables on the center portal by means of elastic arms which have a predetermined torsional softness.
  • the elastic elements are, as close as possible to the axis of rotation of the rail vehicle, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle arranged lower camp. However, they can be slightly laterally offset for connection of the first car body on one side of the rail vehicle and slightly laterally offset for connection of the second car body to the other side of the rail vehicle.
  • the first roll angle and the second roll angle are in a predetermined relationship to one another.
  • ⁇ 2 c ⁇ * ⁇ 1
  • M W 2 c M * M W 1 with c ⁇
  • c M constant.
  • c ⁇ is for example selected from a range of 0.5 to 2, in particular from 0.8 to 1.2.
  • c M can be selected analogously from a range of 0.5 to 2, in particular from 0.8 to 1.2.
  • the first and second roll angle are therefore the same size.
  • c M 1.
  • Further embodiments of the invention result from the ratio of the first and second roll angles being equal to a ratio of the respective distances of the first and second car bodies to the center of the chassis or bogies, so-called bogie centers. or that the ratio of the first and second roll angle to each other is equal to a ratio of the light space requirement of the first car body to the clearance requirement of the second car body.
  • a car body with greater clearance requirements compared to the other car body, for example, due to laterally outstanding rearview mirror get a lower share of a total roll angle from the first and the second roll angle assigned.
  • the center portal is short compared to the car bodies. It has in comparison with the car bodies thus a much smaller length in the vehicle longitudinal direction. For example, it is not suitable for arranging seats for accommodating passengers. It then serves only as a passage.
  • the center portal has a smaller length in the vehicle longitudinal direction than that Chassis or bogie on which it is supported, so that both car bodies are above the common bogie, if they have a common longitudinal axis, so are not pivoted or bent to the center portal.
  • the first and second car bodies of a trained rail vehicle are free of immediate support on a chassis or bogie. For example, they are each connected to their car body ends with center portals and are based on these indirectly on their chassis or bogies. The car bodies between the center portals are then supported like a litter.
  • the first and / or the second car body is supported on a side remote from the center portal side of the car body on another chassis, in particular a bogie.
  • the chassis of the rail vehicle on which the center portal is supported is designed in particular with a high roll stiffness. This can be achieved for example by a roll support.
  • the chassis can also have primary springs, which are designed with a high roll stiffness.
  • the center portal is further education supported by means of air springs as secondary springs on the chassis or the bogie.
  • chassis on which the center portal is supported, equipped with a level control with a 4-point control.
  • the first and / or the second car body are supported on a side facing away from the center portal side of the car body, so they can be designed with a high roll stiffness, and / or these trolleys can with a level control with a 4- Be equipped with point control.
  • the roll stiffness can be achieved by anti-roll bars and / or the chassis or bogies of the rail vehicle have primary springs, which are designed with a high roll stiffness.
  • chassis or bogies of the rail vehicle are designed with a high roll stiffness and / or equipped with a level control with a 4-point control.
  • the level control is done for example by means of air springs or hydropneumatic.
  • the joints of the car bodies with the center portal are coupled to each other via at least one coupling device, short coupling.
  • this produces the functional relationships between the two roll angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the car bodies to the center portal and / or between the two roll support moments M W 1 and M W 2 .
  • Couplings are mechanical, hydraulic or electromechanical type.
  • a coupling of a mechanical nature which may also be referred to as a mechanical transmission, further forms a double-sided rotary lever mounted rotatably about a vertical axis on the central portal. This is used to translate the rolling movements of the first car body in an opposite rolling motion of the second car body and is designed accordingly suitable.
  • the articulated connections between the car bodies and the center portal each comprise at least one handlebar rod which is rotatably mounted on each side of the rotary lever about a vertical axis of the rail vehicle are and which are each mounted rotatably about a vertical axis of the rail vehicle to the different car bodies.
  • the rotary lever serves as a deflection of the handlebars.
  • the axes of rotation about which a handlebar is rotatably mounted on the one hand on the rotary lever and on the other hand on the car body not identical, but they are parallel to each other.
  • the distances between the axes of rotation of the handlebars to the axis of rotation of the rotary lever are each not equal to zero, in particular they are the same size or selected depending on the length of the handlebars, so that sets a predetermined ratio of the first roll angle to the second roll angle.
  • At least one handlebar can be designed adjustable in length.
  • the length adjustment can be done mechanically, for example via a double thread, by electric motor or hydraulically, for example by a hydraulic cylinder integrated in the handlebar and dividing its suspension points.
  • pivoting and pitching movements of the rotary lever may be arranged in the region of an outer side of the center portal, wherein the bearing of the handlebars to the car bodies takes place in a central position of the center portal.
  • the axis of rotation about which a handlebar is rotatably mounted on the car body, is in a swivel, roll and nickITA state of the rail vehicle, in particular in a longitudinal center plane of the rail vehicle.
  • a mechanical coupling of the joints can be realized for example by a cable system.
  • the handlebars are replaced by ropes or chains.
  • a cable or chain guide comprises at least one guide roller mounted rotatably on the center portal.
  • a variant of the coupling of the joint connections is that they are fluidically coupled.
  • the fluidic coupling is carried out in particular by means of hydraulic cylinders, for example hydraulic synchronized cylinders.
  • Another possibility is that the joints are coupled by an electric motor.
  • the coupling of the articulated joints of the car bodies with the center portal is designed such that a predetermined ratio of the first and the second roll angle is adjustable relative to one another.
  • it or at least one of the articulated joints may comprise an adjusting device to align the car bodies in a roll-or nick réelle state of the car bodies to the center portal to the center portal out.
  • this has already been illustrated by the example of the mounted on a double-sided rotary lever handlebars.
  • at least one handlebar rod is adjustable in length.
  • To set the ratio of the roll angle of the rotary lever may be adjustable in length to vary at least a distance of the rotation axis about which a handlebar is rotatably mounted on the rotary lever to the axis of rotation about which the rotary lever is rotatably mounted on the center portal.
  • a hydraulic adjustment of the roll angle and / or the alignment of the car bodies by hydraulic cylinders with different sized piston surfaces can be achieved.
  • the rail vehicle according to the invention, it comprises a current collector, which is arranged on the center portal.
  • a rail vehicle is shown schematically, with a supported on a chassis 4 center portal 3, a first hingedly connected to the center portal 3 car body 1 and a second articulated with the center portal 3 car body. 2
  • the first car body 1 and the second car body 2 are additionally supported here on a side facing away from the center portal 3 on other chassis 14.
  • a vertical axis 8 of the rail vehicle runs in the vertical direction.
  • the articulated joints each comprise a lower joint 5 and an upper joint 6.
  • the lower and upper joints 5, 6 lie in a nick- and unsteady state of the car bodies 1, 2 to the center portal 3 in the vertical axis 8 of the rail vehicle.
  • the Fig. 3-8 show various embodiments of coupled joint connections by means of coupled rolling movements.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows a hinge connection according to the invention in a first embodiment.
  • the car bodies 1, 2 are each connected in such a way with the center portal 3 hinged, that rolling movements between the car bodies 1, 2 and the center portal 3 are permitted about a longitudinal axis and a rolling movement of the first cheek box 1 to the center portal 3 by a first roll angle to a rolling motion of the second car body 2 to the middle portal 3 by a predetermined, dependent on the first roll angle, second roll angle leads.
  • the joints between the car bodies 1 and 2 and the center portal 3 here in each case a lower joint 5 and an upper joint, which in each case comprises a pivot bearing 16 and a handlebar 10.
  • the pivot bearing 16 and the lower joints 5 are in a nick- and unsteady state of the rail vehicle in the same vertical axis. 8
  • the reciprocal coupling of the articulated joints of the car bodies 1 and 2 with the center portal 3 takes place here by means of one, about a vertical axis 8 of the rail vehicle rotatably mounted, double-sided rotary lever 7 hingedly arranged on both sides of the rotary lever 7 handlebars 10.
  • the handlebars 10 are in turn each further Swivel bearing 16 hinged to the car bodies.
  • the handlebars 10 are part of the joints of the car bodies 1 and 2 with the center portal 3.
  • the ratio of the amounts of the first to the second roll angle is one.
  • the too Fig. 3 analogously constructed mechanical coupling of the joints of Fig. 8
  • the coupling of the articulated connections comprises at least one rotatably mounted, double-sided rotary lever 7 for translating a rolling movement of the first vehicle body 1 into an opposite rolling motion of the second vehicle body 2, wherein the articulated connections each comprise at least one handlebar rod 10, each rotatable on different sides of the rotary lever 7 are mounted and which are each rotatably mounted on the different car bodies 1 and 2, wherein at least one handlebar 10 is formed by means of a hydraulic cylinder or an electric motor 21 adjustable in length.
  • Fig. 4 The joints in Fig. 4 are compared to the embodiment of Fig. 3 coupled by a further rotary lever 17 on the opposite side of the center portal 3. This is identical and be connected to the car bodies in the same manner via handlebars 18 and the pivot bearing 16.
  • the handlebars 18 between the other rotary lever 17 and the car bodies 1 and 2 can also be designed to be elastic.
  • the joints of the embodiment of the Fig. 6 comprise two mounted on the outside of the center portal 3 hydraulic cylinder 11, which are fluidically coupled together.
  • the hydraulic lines 20 between the hydraulic cylinders 11 are indicated by dashed lines. They serve to equalize the pressure between the hydraulic cylinders 11 and thus lead to the coupling of the hydraulic cylinders 11 and thus to coupling the joints in such a way that a rolling motion of the first car body 1 by a first roll angle in the direction of arrow 13 to a rolling motion of the second car body 2 order a second roll angle in the direction of arrow 15, wherein the second roll angle is dependent on the first roll angle.
  • Fig. 9 now shows an embodiment of the lower joints of the joints. They are designed as a spherical bearing.
  • a socket 22 is disposed just above the bogie, not shown, in which a further socket 23 is rotatably mounted as part of the second hinge connection with the second car body 2.
  • the articulated connection with the first vehicle body 1 then comprises a joint hip 24 which is rotatably mounted in the joint socket 23. Both joints are arranged concentrically rotatable about the same vertical axis.
  • a further embodiment according to Fig. 10 of the lower hinge is that it comprises a turntable 25, to which the car body is connected by means of elastic elements, such as rubber bearings.
  • the turntable 25 thus has at least a predetermined vermeliness.
  • the turntable 25 is otherwise executed verwindesteif and serves the pivoting movement. The necessary degrees of freedom of movement for rolling and / or pitching motion are granted by the elastic elements.
  • the Fig. 11 and 12 Now show various embodiments of coupled joint joints based on coupled pitching movements.
  • the coupling can basically be done with the same means as the coupling of the rolling movements.
  • both car bodies 1 and 2 can execute pitching movements towards the center portal.
  • the car bodies 1 and 2 are designed and coupled to each other such that a pitching movement 26 of the first cheek box 1 leads to the center portal 3 by a first pitch angle to a pitching motion 28 of the second car body 2 to the center portal 3 by a predetermined, second pitch angle dependent on the first pitch angle ,
  • a Lemniskatenlenker 29 is provided in a horizontal arrangement on the center portal 3. This is in addition to the in Fig. 3 to Fig. 8 provided joints shown and shown here only for clarity separately.
  • the Lemniskatenscher 29 has in particular an axis of rotation which lies in the vertical axis of the center portal 3, so that here also the first articulated connection between the center portal 3 and the first car body 1 and the second articulation between the center portal 3 and the second car body 2 each concentric are arranged.
  • the lower joints 5 and the upper joints 6 of the two car bodies 1 and 2 are each arranged concentrically, so that they lie in a roll or pitch-free state of the rail vehicle in a common vertical axis.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schienenfahrzeug mit wenigstens einem auf einem Fahrwerk abgestützten Mittenportal, einem ersten und einem zweiten Wagenkasten, wobei der erste und der zweite Wagenkasten jeweils gelenkig mit dem Mittenportal verbunden sind.The invention relates to a rail vehicle with at least one supported on a chassis center portal, a first and a second car body, wherein the first and the second car body are each hingedly connected to the center portal.

Schienenfahrzeuge mit zwei über ein Mittenportal gelenkig verbundenen Wagenkästen, welches Mittenportal auf einem, beiden Wagenkästen gemeinsamen Jacobs-Drehgestell abgestützt ist, sind beispielsweise aus der DE 198 19 927 A1 oder der DE 1 142 894 B bekannt geworden. Die Gelenkverbindungen zwischen dem Mittenportal und den Wagenkästen sind dabei jeweils so ausgebildet, dass Nick- und/oder Schwenkbewegungen zwischen dem Mittenportal und einem der Wagenkästen zugelassen sind.Rail vehicles with two articulated via a center portal car bodies, which center portal is supported on a, two car bodies common Jacobs bogie, for example, from DE 198 19 927 A1 or the DE 1 142 894 B known. The joints between the center portal and the car bodies are each designed so that pitching and / or pivoting movements between the center portal and one of the car bodies are allowed.

Sind die Wagenkästen von Schienenfahrzeugen mit Jacobs-Drehgestellen verwindesteif miteinander verbunden, kann dies beim Befahren großer Gleisverwindungen zu hohen Radlastumverteilungen führen. Die Verwendung einer 4-Punkt Steuerung zur Niveauregulierung von Luftfedern als Sekundärfedern kann beim langsamen Befahren einer Gleisverwindung zusätzliche Radlastumverteilungen bewirken.If the car bodies of rail vehicles with Jacobs bogies are rigidly connected with each other, this can lead to high wheel load redistributions when driving on large track distortions. The use of a 4-point control for level control of air springs as secondary springs can cause additional Radlastumverteilungen during slow driving on a track warp.

Mittels einer 3-Punkt Steuerung ist die Sekundärfederung zwar wankweich auszubilden und somit die Radlastumverteilungen etwas zu reduzieren, dies geht jedoch mit einer reduzierten Kippsicherheit einher.By means of a 3-point control, the secondary suspension is indeed soft to train and thus reduce the Radlastumverteilungen something, but this is accompanied by a reduced tilting safety.

Die CH 359733 A und die DE 10 2004 014 903 A1 zeigen hingegen Schienenfahrzeuge mit einem, zwischen zwei Wagenkästen angeordneten mittleren Wagenkasten, welcher sänftenartig auf die beiden benachbarten Wagenkästen abgestützt ist, ohne selbst unmittelbar auf ein Drehgestell abgestützt zu sein. Die Gelenkverbindungen zwischen dem mittleren Wagenkasten und den benachbarten Wagenkästen sind so ausgebildet, dass Wank- und/oder Schwenkbewegungen zwischen ihnen zugelassen sind, wobei die Wankbewegungen miteinander gekoppelt sind, so dass sich vorgegebene Wankwinkel einstellen.The CH 359733 A and the DE 10 2004 014 903 A1 on the other hand show rail vehicles with a, between two car bodies arranged middle car body, which is litter-like supported on the two adjacent car bodies, without being directly supported on a bogie. The joints between the middle car body and the adjacent car bodies are designed so that rolling and / or pivoting movements are permitted between them, wherein the rolling movements are coupled to each other, so that set predetermined roll angle.

Das Dokument EP 2 199 174 A2 offenbart ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einem auf einem Fahrwerk abgestützten mittleren Wagenkasten und zwei jeweils gelenkig mit dem mittleren Wagenkasten verbundenen, fahrwerkslosen weiteren Wagenkästen, die jeweils so mit dem mittleren Wagenkasten verbunden sind, dass ihre jeweiligen Wankbewegungen zum mittleren Wagenkasten miteinander gekoppelt sind.The document EP 2 199 174 A2 discloses a rail vehicle having a central carbody supported on a landing gear and two other vehicle bodies, each pivotally connected to the middle carbody, each connected to the middle carbody, such that their respective rolling movements are coupled to the middle carbody.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schienenfahrzeug mit reduzierten Radlastumverteilungen und hoher Sicherheit gegen Kippen vorzuschlagen.The invention has the object to provide a rail vehicle with reduced Radlastumverteilungen and high security against tipping.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs 1. Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung finden sich in den Merkmalen der abhängigen Patentansprüche wieder.The object is achieved by the subject matter of independent claim 1. Further developments and refinements of the invention can be found in the features of the dependent claims again.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Schienenfahrzeug umfasst wenigstens ein auf einem Fahrwerk abgestütztes Mittenportal. Darüber hinaus umfasst es einen ersten und mindestens einen weiteren, zweiten Wagenkasten. Zur Ausführung wenigstens einer Schwenkbewegung zum Mittenportal sind sowohl der erste Wagenkasten, als auch der zweite Wagenkasten jeweils gelenkig mit dem Mittenportal verbunden.A rail vehicle according to the invention comprises at least one center portal supported on a chassis. In addition, it includes a first and at least one other, second car body. To execute at least one pivoting movement to the center portal both the first car body, and the second car body are each hingedly connected to the center portal.

Die Gelenkverbindungen der Wagenkästen mit dem Mittenportal sind derart ausgebildet und miteinander gekoppelt, dass eine Wankbewegung des ersten Wangenkastens zum Mittenportal um einen ersten Wankwinkel ϕ 1 zu einer Wankbewegung des zweiten Wagenkastens zum Mittenportal um einen vorgegebenen, vom ersten Wankwinkel ϕ 1 abhängigen, zweiten Wankwinkel ϕ 2 = = fϕ (ϕ 1) führt.The joints of the car bodies with the center portal are formed and coupled to one another such that a roll movement of the first cheek box to the center portal φ 1 to a rolling motion of the second car body to the center portal to a predetermined, the first roll angle φ 1 dependent second roll angle φ 2 = = f φ ( φ 1 ) leads.

Beim Durchfahren von Gleisverwindungen sind die Radlastumverteilungen und die mechanische Beanspruchung der Wagenkästen deutlich reduziert. Darüber hinaus sind die Wankwinkel der Wagenkästen zueinander einfach reduzierbar.When driving through track distortions, the wheel load redistribution and the mechanical load on the vehicle bodies are significantly reduced. In addition, the roll angle of the car bodies are easily reduced to each other.

Dadurch erhöht sich die Sicherheit gegen Entgleisen, ebenso wie der Lichtraumbedarf durch den Einsatz kleinerer Stromabnehmer verringert wird. Zudem erhöht sich der Fahrkomfort.This increases the safety against derailment, just as the clearance requirement is reduced by the use of smaller pantographs. In addition, the ride comfort increases.

Auf die zusätzliche Anordnung von Wankstützen kann verzichtet werden, was zur Kosten- und Gewichtsersparnis beiträgt.On the additional arrangement of anti-roll bars can be omitted, which contributes to the cost and weight savings.

Ein Schienenfahrzeug ist allgemein ein spurgeführtes Fahrzeug. Ein erfindungsgemäßes Schienenfahrzeug ist insbesondere ein Schienenfahrzeug des Personenverkehrs, beispielsweise des Personennahverkehrs. Es ist als Niederflurfahrzeug oder als Hochflurfahrzeug ausgebildet. Es weist wenigstens zwei gelenkig verbundene Wagenkästen auf, welche über ein Mittenportal gelenkig miteinander verbundenen sind. Weitergebildet weist es mehrere gelenkig verbundene Wagenkästen auf. Gemäß einer weiteren Weiterbildung können mehrere Mittenportale vorgesehen sein, mittels welcher jeweils zwei benachbarte Wagenkästen gelenkig verbunden sind.A rail vehicle is generally a track-guided vehicle. A rail vehicle according to the invention is, in particular, a rail vehicle of passenger traffic, for example local passenger transport. It is designed as a low-floor vehicle or as a high-floor vehicle. It has at least two articulated car bodies, which are hinged together via a center portal. Developed, it has several articulated car bodies. According to a further development, a plurality of center portals may be provided, by means of which in each case two adjacent car bodies are hingedly connected.

Das wenigstens eine Mittenportal ist zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Wagenkasten angeordnet, welche dem Mittenportal benachbart sind. Es stützt sich auf einem Fahrwerk, insbesondere ein Drehgestell ab. Sind mehrere Mittenportale vorgesehen können sich diese auch jeweils auf einem Fahrwerk, insbesondere einem Drehgestell abstützen.The at least one center portal is disposed between the first and second car bodies which are adjacent to the center portal. It is based on a chassis, especially a bogie. If several center portals are provided, these can also each be supported on a chassis, in particular a bogie.

Das Fahrwerk oder insbesondere das Drehgestell auf welchem sich das Mittenportal abstützt, dient auch der Abstützung des ersten und zweiten Wagenkastens. Beide Wagenkästen nutzen dieses Fahrwerk oder Drehgestell gemeinsam. Ein solches Drehgestell, welches beiden Wagenkästen gemeinsam ist, wird auch als Jacobs-Drehgestell bezeichnet.The chassis or in particular the bogie on which the center portal is supported, also serves to support the first and second car body. Both car bodies use this chassis or bogie together. Such a bogie, which is common to both car bodies, is also referred to as a Jacobs bogie.

Wie bereits ausgeführt sind die Wagenkästen derart gelenkig mit dem Mittenportal verbunden, dass Wankbewegungen zwischen den Wagenkästen und dem Mittenportal um eine Fahrzeuglängsachse zugelassen sind. Daneben sind die Gelenkverbindungen der Wagenkästen mit dem Mittenportal geeignet, Schwenkbewegungen um eine Fahrzeughochachse zuzulassen. Darüber hinaus können die Gelenkverbindungen der Wagenkästen mit dem Mittenportal geeignet ausgebildet sein, Nickbewegungen um eine Fahrzeugquerachse zuzulassen.As already stated, the car bodies are connected in such an articulated manner to the center portal that rolling movements between the car bodies and the center portal are permitted around a vehicle longitudinal axis. In addition, the joints of the car bodies with the center portal are suitable to allow pivoting movements about a vehicle's vertical axis. In addition, the joints of the car bodies can be designed with the center portal suitable to allow pitching movements about a vehicle transverse axis.

Erfindungsgemäß sind die Gelenkverbindungen der Wagenkästen mit dem Mittenportal derart ausgebildet und miteinander gekoppelt, dass eine Nickbewegung des ersten Wangenkastens zum Mittenportal um einen ersten Nickwinkel zu einer Nickbewegung des zweiten Wagenkastens zum Mittenportal um einen vorgegebenen, vom ersten Nickwinkel abhängigen, zweiten Nickwinkel führt. Zur Kopplung sei auf die oben und nachfolgend genannten Mittel verwiesen, insbesondere auf eine mechanische Kopplung mittels eines Lemniskatenlenkers, welcher liegend auf dem Mittenportal angeordnet sein kann. Die Nickwinkel können wiederum in einem vorgegebenen Verhältnis zueinander stehen. Insbesondere ist das Verhältnis von erstem Nickwinkel zu zweitem Nickwinkel eins. Bei der Einstellung der Nickwinkel können auch bauraumbedingte Bewegungseinschränkungen Berücksichtigung finden, so dass das Verhältnis der Nickwinkel von 1 abweicht. Alternativ kann das Verhältnis von erstem Nickwinkel zu zweitem Nickwinkel gleich sein einem Verhältnis von einem Fahrwerk- oder Drehgestell-Mittenabstand des ersten Wagenkastens zu einem Fahrwerk- oder Drehgestell-Mittenabstand des zweiten Wagenkastens, jeweils bezogen auf das Fahrwerk oder das Drehgestell, auf welches sich das Mittenportal abstützt. Darüber hinaus kann eine Dämpfungsvorrichtung zur Dämpfung einer Nickbewegung des ersten Wagenkastens zum Mittenportal und/oder zur Dämpfung einer Nickbewegung des zweiten Wagenkastens zum Mittenportal vorgesehen sein.According to the invention, the articulated connections of the car bodies with the center portal are designed and coupled to each other such that a pitching movement of the first cheek box to the center portal leads to a pitch pitch of the second car body to the center portal by a predetermined second pitch angle, which is dependent on the first pitch angle. For coupling reference is made to the above and below mentioned means, in particular to a mechanical coupling by means of a Lemniskatenlenkers, which can be arranged lying on the center portal. The pitch angles can in turn be in a predetermined relationship to each other. In particular, the ratio of the first pitch angle to the second pitch angle is one. When setting the pitch angle, space-related movement restrictions can also be taken into account so that the ratio of the pitch angle deviates from 1. Alternatively, the ratio of first pitch angle to second pitch angle may be equal to a ratio of a chassis or bogie center distance of the first car body to a chassis or bogie center distance of the second car body, respectively related to the chassis or the bogie to which the Center portal supported. In addition, a damping device for damping a pitching movement of the first car body to the center portal and / or for damping a pitching movement of the second car body can be provided to the center portal.

Eine Gelenkverbindung, welche sowohl eine Wank- sowie auch eine Schwenkbewegung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem entsprechenden Wagenkasten zulässt, kann auch als Schwenk-Wank-Gelenk bezeichnet werden. Lässt eine solche Gelenkverbindung zusätzlich eine Nickbewegung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem entsprechenden Wagenkasten zu, so kann diese als Schwenk-Nick-Wank-Gelenk bezeichnet werden.A hinge connection, which allows both a roll and a pivoting movement between the center portal and the corresponding car body, can also be used as a swivel-roll joint be designated. If such a hinge connection additionally permits a pitching movement between the center portal and the corresponding carbody, this can be referred to as a swivel-pitch-roll joint.

Um wenigstens Wank- und Schwenkbewegungen zuzulassen, weist jeder Wagenkasten mit dem Mittenportal weitergebildet jeweils eine unteres und ein oberes Gelenk als Gelenkverbindung auf. Das untere Gelenk ist dann beispielsweise jeweils als sphärisches Gelenk ausgeführt. Dieses ermöglicht neben Schwenkbewegungen auch Wank- und/oder Nickbewegungen, wenn das obere Gelenk entsprechend als Schwenk-Wank-Gelenk oder als Schwenk-Nick- oder gar als Schwenk-Nick-Wank-Gelenk ausgeführt ist. Das obere Gelenk ist zumindest jeweils wankweich, also weich in Fahrzeugquerrichtung ausgeführt.In order to allow at least rolling and pivoting movements, each car body further developed with the center portal on each of a lower and an upper joint as a hinge connection. The lower joint is then executed, for example, each as a spherical joint. This allows in addition to pivotal movements also rolling and / or pitching movements when the upper joint is designed according to a swivel-roll joint or as a swivel-pitch or even as a swivel-Nick-Wank joint. The upper joint is at least each soft, so soft in the vehicle transverse direction.

Somit lassen die Gelenkverbindungen Wankbewegungen der Wagenkästen zueinander um eine Längsachse zu, wobei die Wankbewegungen der Wagenkästen zueinander in den beiden Gelenkverbindungen derart miteinander verkoppelt sind, dass der erste Wankwinkel ϕ 1 des einen, ersten Wagenkastens zum Mittenportal in der einen, ersten Gelenkverbindung und der zweite Wankwinkel ϕ 2 des einen, zweiten Wagenkastens zum Mittenportal in der anderen, zweiten Gelenkverbindung in einem funktionellen Zusammenhang ϕ 2 = fϕ (ϕ 1) stehen, und dass beide Wagenkästen sich hinsichtlich Wanken über beide Gelenkverbindungen auf das zwischen ihnen angeordnete Mittenportal abstützen, wobei das erste Wankstützmoment M W1 in der einen, ersten Gelenkverbindung und das zweite Wankstützmoment M W2 in der anderen, zweiten Gelenkverbindung in einem funktionellen Zusammenhang M W2 = fM (M W1) stehen. Die funktionellen Zusammenhänge zwischen den beiden Wankwinkeln ϕ 1 und ϕ 2 der Wagenkästen zum Mittenportal und zwischen den beiden Wankstützmomenten M W1 und M W2 werden sind dabei durch mechanische, hydraulische oder elektromagnetische Mittel erzeugt.Thus, the articulated joints roll movements of the car bodies to each other about a longitudinal axis, wherein the rolling movements of the car bodies are coupled to each other in the two joints such that the first roll angle φ 1 of a first car body to the center portal in the one, first joint and the second Roll angle φ 2 of the one, second car body to the center portal in the other, second articulation in a functional relationship φ 2 = f φ ( φ 1 ) are, and that both car bodies are supported in terms of rolling over both articulated joints on the arranged between them center portal, said the first roll support moment M W 1 in the one, first joint connection and the second roll support moment M W 2 in the other, second joint connection in a functional relationship M W 2 = f M ( M W 1 ) are. The functional relationships between the two roll angles φ 1 and φ 2 of the car bodies to the center portal and between the two roll support moments M W 1 and M W 2 are generated by mechanical, hydraulic or electromagnetic means.

Als mechanische Mittel dienen beispielsweise mechanische Getriebe. Hydraulische Mittel wirken analog als hydraulische Getriebe. Als elektromagnetische Mittel können beispielsweise elektromagnetische Aktoren wie Elektromotoren dienen.Mechanical means are, for example, mechanical gears. Hydraulic means act analogously as hydraulic Transmission. As electromagnetic means may serve, for example, electromagnetic actuators such as electric motors.

In einer Weiterbildung ist vorgesehen, dass eine erste Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem ersten Wagenkasten ein unteres Gelenk, insbesondere ein sphärisches Gelenk, und ein oberes Schwenk-Wank-Gelenk umfasst. Gleichermaßen kann alternativ oder insbesondere zusätzlich dazu eine zweite Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem zweiten Wagenkasten ein unteres Gelenk, insbesondere ein sphärisches Gelenk, und ein oberes Schwenk-Wank-Gelenk umfassen. Weitere Weiterbildungen sind darin zu sehen, dass eine erste Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem ersten Wagenkasten ein unteres Gelenk, insbesondere ein sphärisches Gelenk, und ein oberes Schwenk-Nick-Wank-Gelenk umfasst und/oder, dass eine zweite Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem ersten Wagenkasten ein unteres Gelenk, insbesondere ein sphärisches Gelenk, und ein oberes Schwenk-Nick-Wank-Gelenk umfasst. Die nachfolgenden Ausführungen betreffen vornehmlich ein oberes Schwenk-Wank-Gelenk. Dies soll jedoch nicht ein Vorliegen eines Schwenk-Nick-Wank-Gelenks ausschließen.In a further development, it is provided that a first articulated connection between the central portal and the first vehicle body comprises a lower joint, in particular a spherical joint, and an upper pivot-roll joint. Likewise, alternatively or in particular, in addition to this, a second articulated connection between the center portal and the second vehicle body may comprise a lower joint, in particular a spherical joint, and an upper pivot-roll joint. Further developments can be seen in the fact that a first articulated connection between the central portal and the first vehicle body comprises a lower joint, in particular a spherical joint, and an upper pivot-Nick-Wank joint and / or that a second articulated connection between the center portal and the first vehicle body includes a lower joint, in particular a spherical joint, and an upper pivot-Nick-Wank joint. The following statements mainly relate to an upper swivel-roll joint. However, this is not intended to preclude the presence of a swivel-pitch-roll joint.

Das obere Schwenk-Wank-Gelenk kann dabei ebenfalls ein sphärisches Gelenk umfassen, welches in lateraler Richtung beweglich ausgebildet ist, beispielsweise in Fahrzeugquerrichtung verschiebbar gehalten ist.The upper pivot-roll joint may also include a spherical joint, which is designed to be movable in the lateral direction, for example, is held displaceably in the vehicle transverse direction.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist jeder der beiden Wagenkästen über ein sphärisches Gelenk als unteres Gelenk am Mittenportal und gegenüber dem gemeinsamen Drehgestell abgestützt. Allgemein ist das untere Gelenk steif in lateraler Richtung. Das obere Schwenk-Wank-Gelenk ist in lateraler Richtung nachgiebig ausgebildet.According to one embodiment of the invention, each of the two car bodies is supported via a spherical joint as a lower joint on the center portal and with respect to the common bogie. Generally, the lower joint is stiff in the lateral direction. The upper pivot-roll joint is designed to be yielding in the lateral direction.

Das jeweilige untere Gelenk kann jeweils im unteren, dem Fahrwerk oder dem Drehgestell zugewandten Bereich des Mittenportals angeordnet sein. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist das jeweilige obere Gelenk jeweils im oberen, einem Dach des Schienenfahrzeugs zugewandten Bereich des Mittenportals angeordnet.The respective lower joint may be arranged in each case in the lower, the chassis or the bogie facing region of the center portal. Alternatively or additionally, this is respective upper joint respectively arranged in the upper, a roof of the rail vehicle facing region of the center portal.

Eine Variante besteht darin, dass das jeweilige untere Gelenk jeweils im Bereich des Bodens des Schienenfahrzeugs unterhalb des Fahrgastraums des jeweiligen Wagenkastens angeordnet ist. Das jeweilige obere Schwenk-Wank-Gelenk kann dann wiederum jeweils oberhalb des Fahrgastraums des entsprechenden Wagenkastens angeordnet sein. Eine weitere Option kann darin liegen, dass das jeweilige untere und/oder obere Gelenk zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem Wagenkasten angeordnet ist. Das untere Gelenk ist unterhalb des oberen Gelenks platziert.A variant consists in that the respective lower joint is arranged in each case in the region of the floor of the rail vehicle below the passenger compartment of the respective car body. The respective upper pivot-roll joint can in turn be arranged in each case above the passenger compartment of the corresponding car body. Another option may be that the respective lower and / or upper joint between the center portal and the car body is arranged. The lower joint is placed below the upper joint.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform sieht vor, dass das untere Gelenk der ersten Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem ersten Wagenkasten und das untere Gelenk der zweiten Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem zweiten Wagenkasten konzentrisch angeordnet sind oder auf einer gemeinsamen Achse, insbesondere parallel zu einer Hochachse des Schienenfahrzeugs liegen. Zusätzlich oder alternativ können in einem wank- oder nickfreien Zustand des Schienenfahrzeugs auch das obere Schwenk-Wank-Gelenk der ersten Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem ersten Wagenkasten und das obere Schwenk-Wank-Gelenk der zweiten Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem zweiten Wagenkasten konzentrisch angeordnet sein oder auf einer gemeinsamen Achse, insbesondere parallel zu einer Hochachse des Schienenfahrzeugs liegen.A further embodiment provides that the lower joint of the first joint between the center portal and the first car body and the lower joint of the second joint between the center portal and the second car body are arranged concentrically or on a common axis, in particular parallel to a vertical axis of the rail vehicle lie. Additionally or alternatively, in a staggered or pitch-free condition of the rail vehicle, the upper pivot-roll joint of the first articulation between the center portal and the first body and the upper pivot-roll joint of the second articulation between the center portal and the second body can be concentric be arranged or lie on a common axis, in particular parallel to a vertical axis of the rail vehicle.

In einer weiteren Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind das untere Gelenk der ersten Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem ersten Wagenkasten und das obere Schwenk-Wank-Gelenk der ersten Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem ersten Wagenkasten so angeordnet, dass sie in einem wank- und nickfreien Zustand des ersten Wagenkastens zum Mittenportal auf einer Linie parallel zu einer Hochachse des Schienenfahrzeugs liegen. Analog können weitergebildet das untere Gelenk der zweiten Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem zweiten Wagenkasten und das obere Schwenk-Wank-Gelenk der zweiten Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal und dem zweiten Wagenkasten so angeordnet sein, dass sie in einem wank- und nickfreien Zustand des zweiten Wagenkastens zum Mittenportal auf einer Linie parallel zu einer Hochachse des Schienenfahrzeugs liegen. Sind beide Gelenkverbindungen entsprechend angeordnet, liegen sie somit auf zueinander parallelen Linien oder gar, gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung, auf einer gemeinsamen Linie, insbesondere einer Hochachse des Schienenfahrzeugs. Damit sind Schwenkbewegungen der Gelenkverbindungen von möglichen Wank- oder Nickbewegungen weitestgehend entkoppelt.In a further development of the invention, the lower joint of the first articulated connection between the central portal and the first vehicle body and the upper pivot and roll joint of the first articulated connection between the center portal and the first vehicle body are arranged so that they are in a jerk and nickfreien condition of the first car body to the center portal lie on a line parallel to a vertical axis of the rail vehicle. Analog can be further developed the lower joint the second articulated connection between the center portal and the second car body and the upper pivot and roll joint of the second articulated connection between the center portal and the second car body be arranged so that they in a roll and nickfreien state of the second car body to the center portal in a line parallel lie to a vertical axis of the rail vehicle. If both articulated joints are arranged accordingly, they are thus on mutually parallel lines or even, according to an embodiment of the invention, on a common line, in particular a vertical axis of the rail vehicle. This pivotal movements of the joints of possible rolling or pitching movements are largely decoupled.

Das untere Gelenk kann im Sinne eines Ausgestaltungsbeispiels als Kalottenlager ausgeführt sein. Das Mittenportal umfasst eine Gelenkpfanne, in welche eine weitere Gelenkpfanne als Teil der Gelenkverbindung mit einem Wagenkasten drehbar gelagert ist. Die Gelenkverbindung mit dem anderen Wagenkasten umfasst dann eine Gelenkhüfte, welche in der weiteren Gelenkpfanne drehbar gelagert ist. Beide Gelenke sind insbesondere konzentrisch drehbar um dieselbe Hochachse angeordnet. Eine weitere Ausgestaltungsform des unteren Gelenks besteht darin, dass es einen Drehkranz umfasst, welcher mittels elastischer Elemente, beispielsweise Gummilager, am Mittenportal angeordnet ist. Der Drehkranz weist somit zumindest eine vorgegebene Verwindeweichheit auf. Der Drehkranz ist ansonsten verwindesteif ausgeführt und dient der Schwenkbewegung. Die notwendigen Bewegungsfreiheitsgrade zur Wank- und/oder Nickbewegung werden durch die elastischen Elemente gewährt.The lower joint can be designed as a spherical bearing in the sense of a design example. The center portal comprises a joint socket, in which a further joint socket is rotatably mounted as part of the joint connection with a car body. The articulation with the other car body then includes a joint hip, which is rotatably mounted in the further joint socket. Both joints are in particular arranged concentrically rotatable about the same vertical axis. Another embodiment of the lower joint is that it comprises a turntable, which is arranged by means of elastic elements, such as rubber bearings, on the center portal. The turntable thus has at least a predetermined Verwindweeichheit. The turntable is otherwise executed verwindesteif and serves the pivoting movement. The necessary degrees of freedom of movement for rolling and / or pitching motion are granted by the elastic elements.

Beispielhaft sei hier erwähnt, dass die Wagenkästen auch mittels elastischer Ausleger, welche eine vorgegebene Torsionsweichheit aufweisen, mit den Drehkränzen am Mittenportal verbindbar sind.By way of example, it should be mentioned here that the car bodies can also be connected to the turntables on the center portal by means of elastic arms which have a predetermined torsional softness.

Die elastischen Elemente sind, insbesondere in Längsrichtung des Schienenfahrzeugs, möglichst nahe an der Drehachse des unteren Lagers angeordnet. Sie können aber zur Verbindung des ersten Wagenkastens auf eine Seite des Schienenfahrzeugs leicht seitlich versetzt und zur Verbindung des zweiten Wagenkastens auf die andere Seite des Schienenfahrzeugs leicht seitlich versetzt angeordnet sein.The elastic elements are, as close as possible to the axis of rotation of the rail vehicle, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle arranged lower camp. However, they can be slightly laterally offset for connection of the first car body on one side of the rail vehicle and slightly laterally offset for connection of the second car body to the other side of the rail vehicle.

Gemäß einer weiteren Weiterbildung stehen der erste Wankwinkel und der zweite Wankwinkel in einem vorgegebenen Verhältnis zueinander. Für ϕ 2 = fϕ (ϕ 1) und gegebenenfalls M W2 = fM (M W1) gilt somit ϕ 2 = c ϕ * ϕ 1 und gegebenenfalls M W2 = c M * M W1 mit cϕ, cM = Konstante. cϕ ist dabei beispielsweise ausgewählt aus einem Bereich von 0,5 bis 2, insbesondere von 0,8 bis 1,2. cM kann analog ausgewählt sein aus einem Bereich von 0,5 bis 2, insbesondere von 0,8 bis 1,2. Eine Weiterbildung sieht vor, dass cϕ = 1. Der erste und zweite Wankwinkel sind also gleich groß. Gleichermaßen kann gelten cM = 1. Weitere Ausführungsformen der Erfindung ergeben sich dadurch, dass das Verhältnis des ersten und zweiten Wankwinkels zueinander gleich ist einem Verhältnis der jeweiligen Abstände des ersten und zweiten Wagenkastens zur Mitte des Fahrwerks oder Drehgestells, so genannte Drehgestell-Mittenabstände, oder dass das Verhältnis des ersten und zweiten Wankwinkels zueinander gleich ist einem Verhältnis des Lichtraumbedarfs des ersten Wagenkastens zum Lichtraumbedarf des zweiten Wagenkastens. So kann ein Wagenkasten mit größerem Lichtraumbedarf im Vergleich zum anderen Wagenkasten, beispielsweise aufgrund seitlich herausragender Rückspiegel, einen geringeren Anteil an einem Gesamt-Wankwinkel aus dem ersten und dem zweiten Wankwinkel zugeteilt bekommen.According to a further development, the first roll angle and the second roll angle are in a predetermined relationship to one another. Thus, for φ 2 = f φ ( φ 1 ) and optionally M W 2 = f M ( M W 1 ), φ 2 = c φ * φ 1 and optionally M W 2 = c M * M W 1 with c φ , c M = constant. c φ is for example selected from a range of 0.5 to 2, in particular from 0.8 to 1.2. c M can be selected analogously from a range of 0.5 to 2, in particular from 0.8 to 1.2. A further development provides that c φ = 1. The first and second roll angle are therefore the same size. Similarly, c M = 1. Further embodiments of the invention result from the ratio of the first and second roll angles being equal to a ratio of the respective distances of the first and second car bodies to the center of the chassis or bogies, so-called bogie centers. or that the ratio of the first and second roll angle to each other is equal to a ratio of the light space requirement of the first car body to the clearance requirement of the second car body. Thus, a car body with greater clearance requirements compared to the other car body, for example, due to laterally outstanding rearview mirror, get a lower share of a total roll angle from the first and the second roll angle assigned.

Gemäß einer weiteren Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist das Mittenportal kurz im Vergleich zu den Wagenkästen. Es weist im Vergleich mit den Wagenkästen somit eine deutlich kleinere Länge in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung auf. Beispielsweise ist es nicht geeignet zur Anordnung von Sitzen zur Aufnahme von Fahrgästen. Es dient dann lediglich als Durchgang. Eine weitere Weiterbildung sieht vor, dass das Mittenportal eine kleinere Länge in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung aufweist als das Fahrwerk oder Drehgestell, auf welchem es sich abstützt, so dass beide Wagenkästen über dem gemeinsamen Drehgestell stehen, wenn sie eine gemeinsame Längsachse aufweisen, also nicht zum Mittenportal geschwenkt oder genickt sind.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the center portal is short compared to the car bodies. It has in comparison with the car bodies thus a much smaller length in the vehicle longitudinal direction. For example, it is not suitable for arranging seats for accommodating passengers. It then serves only as a passage. A further development provides that the center portal has a smaller length in the vehicle longitudinal direction than that Chassis or bogie on which it is supported, so that both car bodies are above the common bogie, if they have a common longitudinal axis, so are not pivoted or bent to the center portal.

Der erste und der zweite Wagenkasten eines weitergebildeten Schienenfahrzeugs sind frei von einer unmittelbaren Abstützung auf ein Fahrwerk oder Drehgestell. Beispielsweise sind sie jeweils an ihren Wagenkastenenden mit Mittenportalen verbunden und stützen sich über diese mittelbar auf deren Fahrwerke oder Drehgestelle ab. Die Wagenkästen zwischen den Mittenportalen sind dann sänftenartig abgestützt.The first and second car bodies of a trained rail vehicle are free of immediate support on a chassis or bogie. For example, they are each connected to their car body ends with center portals and are based on these indirectly on their chassis or bogies. The car bodies between the center portals are then supported like a litter.

Alternativ ist der erste und/oder der zweite Wagenkasten auf einer dem Mittenportal abgewandten Seite des Wagenkastens auf einem weiteren Fahrwerk, insbesondere einem Drehgestell abgestützt.Alternatively, the first and / or the second car body is supported on a side remote from the center portal side of the car body on another chassis, in particular a bogie.

Das Fahrwerk des Schienenfahrzeugs, auf welchem sich das Mittenportal abstützt ist insbesondere mit einer hohen Wanksteifheit ausgeführt. Diese kann beispielsweise durch eine Wankstütze erzielt werden. Das Fahrwerk kann auch Primärfedern aufweisen, welche mit einer hohen Wanksteifheit ausgeführt sind.The chassis of the rail vehicle on which the center portal is supported is designed in particular with a high roll stiffness. This can be achieved for example by a roll support. The chassis can also have primary springs, which are designed with a high roll stiffness.

Das Mittenportal ist weiterbildungsgemäß mittels Luftfedern als Sekundärfedern auf dem Fahrwerk oder dem Drehgestell abgestützt.The center portal is further education supported by means of air springs as secondary springs on the chassis or the bogie.

Bei der Verwendung von Luftfedern als Sekundärfedern werden die Radlastumverteilungen auch im Notbetrieb, also bei Ausfall der Luftfederung, durch die Erfindung begrenzt.When using air springs as secondary springs Radlastumverteilungen be limited even in emergency mode, ie in case of failure of the air suspension, by the invention.

Weitergebildet ist das Fahrwerk, auf welchem sich das Mittenportal abstützt, mit einer Niveauregulierung mit einer 4-Punkt-Steuerung ausgestattet.Further developed is the chassis, on which the center portal is supported, equipped with a level control with a 4-point control.

Sind weitere Fahrwerke vorgesehen, auf welchen sich der erste und/oder der zweite Wagenkasten auf einer dem Mittenportal abgewandten Seite des Wagenkastens abstützen, so können auch diese mit einer hohen Wanksteifheit ausgeführt sein, und/oder diese Fahrwerke können mit einer Niveauregulierung mit einer 4-Punkt-Steuerung ausgestattet sein. Wie oben kann die Wanksteifigkeit durch Wankstützen erzielt werden und/oder die Fahrwerke oder Drehgestelle des Schienenfahrzeugs weisen Primärfedern auf, welche mit einer hohen Wanksteifheit ausgeführt sind.Are further suspensions provided, on which the first and / or the second car body are supported on a side facing away from the center portal side of the car body, so they can be designed with a high roll stiffness, and / or these trolleys can with a level control with a 4- Be equipped with point control. As above, the roll stiffness can be achieved by anti-roll bars and / or the chassis or bogies of the rail vehicle have primary springs, which are designed with a high roll stiffness.

Weitergebildet sind sämtliche Fahrwerke oder Drehgestelle des Schienenfahrzeugs mit einer hohen Wanksteifheit ausgeführt und/oder mit einer Niveauregulierung mit einer 4-Punkt-Steuerung ausgestattet. Die Niveauregulierung erfolgt beispielsweise mittels Luftfedern oder hydropneumatisch.Further developed all chassis or bogies of the rail vehicle are designed with a high roll stiffness and / or equipped with a level control with a 4-point control. The level control is done for example by means of air springs or hydropneumatic.

Die Gelenkverbindungen der Wagenkästen mit dem Mittenportal sind über wenigstens eine Koppelvorrichtung, kurz Kopplung, miteinander gekoppelt. Wie oben bereits ausgeführt, werden dadurch die funktionellen Zusammenhänge zwischen den beiden Wankwinkeln ϕ 1 und ϕ 2 der Wagenkästen zum Mittenportal und/oder zwischen den beiden Wankstützmomenten M W1 und M W2 erzeugt. Kopplungen sind mechanischer, hydraulischer oder elektromechanischer Art.The joints of the car bodies with the center portal are coupled to each other via at least one coupling device, short coupling. As already stated above, this produces the functional relationships between the two roll angles φ 1 and φ 2 of the car bodies to the center portal and / or between the two roll support moments M W 1 and M W 2 . Couplings are mechanical, hydraulic or electromechanical type.

Eine Kopplung mechanischer Art, welche auch als mechanisches Getriebe bezeichnet werden kann, bildet weitergebildet ein auf dem Mittelportal um eine Hochachse drehbar gelagerter, doppelseitiger Drehhebel. Dieser dient zur Übersetzung der Wankbewegungen des ersten Wagenkastens in eine entgegengesetzte Wankbewegung des zweiten Wagenkastens und ist entsprechend geeignet ausgebildet.A coupling of a mechanical nature, which may also be referred to as a mechanical transmission, further forms a double-sided rotary lever mounted rotatably about a vertical axis on the central portal. This is used to translate the rolling movements of the first car body in an opposite rolling motion of the second car body and is designed accordingly suitable.

Beispielsweise umfassen die Gelenkverbindungen zwischen den Wagenkästen und dem Mittenportal jeweils zumindest eine Lenkerstange, welche jeweils um eine Hochachse des Schienenfahrzeugs drehbar auf unterschiedlichen Seiten des Drehhebels gelagert sind und welche jeweils um eine Hochachse des Schienenfahrzeugs drehbar an den unterschiedlichen Wagenkästen gelagert sind. Anschaulich dient der Drehhebel als Umlenkung der Lenkerstangen.For example, the articulated connections between the car bodies and the center portal each comprise at least one handlebar rod which is rotatably mounted on each side of the rotary lever about a vertical axis of the rail vehicle are and which are each mounted rotatably about a vertical axis of the rail vehicle to the different car bodies. Illustratively, the rotary lever serves as a deflection of the handlebars.

Dabei sind die Drehachsen, um welche eine Lenkerstange einerseits am Drehhebel und andererseits am Wagenkasten drehbar gelagert ist, nicht identisch, sie verlaufen jedoch parallel zueinander. Die Abstände der Drehachsen der Lenkerstangen zur Drehachse des Drehhebels sind jeweils ungleich null, insbesondere sind sie gleich groß oder in Abhängigkeit der Länge der Lenkerstangen gewählt, so dass sich ein vorgegebenes Verhältnis des ersten Wankwinkels zum zweiten Wankwinkel einstellt.The axes of rotation about which a handlebar is rotatably mounted on the one hand on the rotary lever and on the other hand on the car body, not identical, but they are parallel to each other. The distances between the axes of rotation of the handlebars to the axis of rotation of the rotary lever are each not equal to zero, in particular they are the same size or selected depending on the length of the handlebars, so that sets a predetermined ratio of the first roll angle to the second roll angle.

Um die Wagenkästen in einem wank- oder nickfreien Zustand der Wagenkästen zum Mittenportal auszurichten, kann wenigstens eine Lenkerstange längenverstellbar ausgebildet sein. Die Längenverstellbarkeit kann mechanisch, beispielsweise über ein Doppelgewinde, elektromotorisch oder hydraulisch, beispielsweise durch einen in die Lenkerstange integrierten und ihre Aufhängungspunkte teilenden Hydraulikzylinder, erfolgen.In order to align the car bodies in a tilt-free or nickfreien state of the car bodies to the center portal, at least one handlebar can be designed adjustable in length. The length adjustment can be done mechanically, for example via a double thread, by electric motor or hydraulically, for example by a hydraulic cylinder integrated in the handlebar and dividing its suspension points.

Zur Entkopplung von Schwenk- und Nickbewegungen kann der Drehhebel im Bereich einer Außenseite des Mittenportals angeordnet sein, wobei die Lagerung der Lenkerstangen an den Wagenkästen in einer mittigen Position des Mittenportals erfolgt. Die Drehachse, um welche eine Lenkerstange am Wagenkasten drehbar gelagert ist, liegt in einem schwenk-, wank- und nickfreien Zustand des Schienenfahrzeugs insbesondere in einer Längsmittenebene des Schienenfahrzeugs.For decoupling pivoting and pitching movements of the rotary lever may be arranged in the region of an outer side of the center portal, wherein the bearing of the handlebars to the car bodies takes place in a central position of the center portal. The axis of rotation about which a handlebar is rotatably mounted on the car body, is in a swivel, roll and nickfreien state of the rail vehicle, in particular in a longitudinal center plane of the rail vehicle.

Es kann auch ein weiterer Drehhebel auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite angeordnet sein. Er kann identisch ausgebildet und mit den Wagenkästen in gleicher Art und Weise verbunden sein. Diese symmetrische Anordnung erlaubt eine gleichmäßige Aufteilung der Kräfte am Portal. Da diese Anordnung statisch überbestimmt ist, erlaubt sie z.B. den Einsatz biegeschlaffer, d.h. elastischer Lenker, die im Wesentlichen nur Zugkräfte übertragen können.It can also be arranged another rotary lever on the opposite side. It can be identical and connected to the car bodies in the same manner. This symmetrical arrangement allows a uniform distribution of forces on the portal. Since this arrangement is statically overdetermined, it allows, for example, the use of flexible, ie elastic handlebar, which can transmit only tensile forces substantially.

Eine weitere mechanische Kopplung der Gelenkverbindungen ist beispielsweise durch ein Seilzugsystem realisierbar. Dabei sind die Lenkerstangen durch Seile oder Ketten ersetzt. Eine Seil- oder Kettenführung umfasst wenigstens eine drehbar auf dem Mittenportal gelagerte Umlenkrolle.Another mechanical coupling of the joints can be realized for example by a cable system. The handlebars are replaced by ropes or chains. A cable or chain guide comprises at least one guide roller mounted rotatably on the center portal.

Eine Variante der Kopplung der Gelenkverbindungen besteht darin, dass sie fluidisch gekoppelt sind. Die fluidische Kopplung ist insbesondere mittels Hydraulikzylindern, beispielsweise hydraulischen Gleichlaufzylindern ausgeführt. Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin, dass die Gelenkverbindungen elektromotorisch gekoppelt sind.A variant of the coupling of the joint connections is that they are fluidically coupled. The fluidic coupling is carried out in particular by means of hydraulic cylinders, for example hydraulic synchronized cylinders. Another possibility is that the joints are coupled by an electric motor.

Die Koppelvorrichtung oder Kopplung, über welche die Gelenkverbindungen der Wagenkästen mit dem Mittenportal miteinander gekoppelt sind, so dass eine Wankbewegung des ersten Wangenkastens zum Mittenportal um einen ersten Wankwinkel ϕ 1 zu einer Wankbewegung des zweiten Wagenkastens zum Mittenportal um einen vorgegebenen, vom ersten Wankwinkel ϕ 1 abhängigen, zweiten Wankwinkel ϕ 2 = = fϕ (ϕ 1) führt, umfasst gemäß einer weiteren Weiterbildung zumindest eine Dämpfungsvorrichtung zur Dämpfung einer Wankbewegung des ersten Wangenkastens zum Mittenportal und/oder zur Dämpfung einer Wankbewegung des zweiten Wagenkastens zum Mittenportal umfasst.The coupling device or coupling, via which the articulated joints of the car bodies are coupled to the center portal, so that a roll movement of the first cheek box to the center portal by a first roll angle φ 1 to a rolling motion of the second car body to the center portal to a predetermined, from the first roll angle φ 1st dependent, second roll angle φ 2 = = f φ ( φ 1 ) leads comprises comprises according to a further development, at least one damping device for damping a rolling movement of the first cheek box to the center portal and / or for damping a rolling motion of the second car body to the center portal comprises.

Weitere Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sehen vor, dass die Kopplung der Gelenkverbindungen der Wagenkästen mit dem Mittenportal derart ausgebildet ist, dass ein vorgegebenes Verhältnis des ersten und des zweiten Wankwinkels zueinander einstellbar ist. Darüber hinaus kann sie oder wenigstens eine der Gelenkverbindungen eine Justiervorrichtung umfassen, um die Wagenkästen in einem wank- oder nickfreien Zustand der Wagenkästen zum Mittenportal zum Mittenportal hin auszurichten. Oben wurde dies bereits anhand des Beispiels der an einem doppelseitigen Drehhebel gelagerten Lenkerstangen veranschaulicht. Zur Ausrichtung der Wagenkästen ist wenigstens eine Lenkerstange längenverstellbar ausgebildet. Zum Einstellen des Verhältnisses der Wankwinkel kann der Drehhebel längenverstellbar ausgebildet sein, um wenigstens einen Abstand der Drehachse, um welche eine Lenkerstange drehbar am Drehhebel gelagert ist, zur Drehachse, um welche der Drehhebel am Mittenportal drehbar gelagert ist, zu variieren. Bei einer Hydraulik sind die Einstellung der Wankwinkel und/oder die Ausrichtung der Wagenkästen durch Hydraulikzylinder mit unterschiedlich großen Kolbenflächen zu erreichen. Auch die Ansteuerung von Elektromotoren gewährt die Einstellung der Wankwinkel und/oder die Ausrichtung der Wagenkästen.Further developments of the invention provide that the coupling of the articulated joints of the car bodies with the center portal is designed such that a predetermined ratio of the first and the second roll angle is adjustable relative to one another. In addition, it or at least one of the articulated joints may comprise an adjusting device to align the car bodies in a roll-or nickfreien state of the car bodies to the center portal to the center portal out. Above, this has already been illustrated by the example of the mounted on a double-sided rotary lever handlebars. For aligning the car bodies, at least one handlebar rod is adjustable in length. To set the ratio of the roll angle of the rotary lever may be adjustable in length to vary at least a distance of the rotation axis about which a handlebar is rotatably mounted on the rotary lever to the axis of rotation about which the rotary lever is rotatably mounted on the center portal. In a hydraulic adjustment of the roll angle and / or the alignment of the car bodies by hydraulic cylinders with different sized piston surfaces can be achieved. The control of electric motors granted the setting of the roll angle and / or the orientation of the car bodies.

Gemäß einer weiteren Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Schienenfahrzeugs ist vorgesehen, dass es einen Stromabnehmer umfasst, welcher auf dem Mittenportal angeordnet ist.According to a further development of the rail vehicle according to the invention is provided that it comprises a current collector, which is arranged on the center portal.

Die Erfindung lässt zahlreiche Ausführungsformen zu. Sie wird anhand der nachfolgenden Figuren näher erläutert, in denen jeweils ein Ausgestaltungsbeispiel dargestellt ist. Gleiche Elemente in den Figuren sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch zwei Wagenkästen eines Schienenfahrzeugs mit dazwischen angeordnetem Mittenportal des Stands der Technik,
  • Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch eine Ausbildung einer Gelenkverbindung des Stands der Technik,
  • Fig. 3 zeigt schematisch eine Ausgestaltung einer Gelenkverbindung,
  • Fig. 4 zeigt schematisch eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer Gelenkverbindung,
  • Fig. 5 zeigt schematisch eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer Gelenkverbindung,
  • Fig. 6 zeigt schematisch eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer Gelenkverbindung,
  • Fig. 7 zeigt schematisch eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer Gelenkverbindung,
  • Fig. 8 zeigt schematisch eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer Gelenkverbindung,
  • Fig. 9 zeigt schematisch eine Ausgestaltung eines unteren Gelenks einer Gelenkverbindung,
  • Fig. 10 zeigt schematisch eine Ausgestaltung eines unteren Gelenks einer Gelenkverbindung,
  • Fig. 11 zeigt schematisch eine weitere, erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung einer Gelenkverbindung,
  • Fig. 12 zeigt schematisch eine weitere, erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung einer Gelenkverbindung.
The invention allows numerous embodiments. It will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures, in each of which a design example is shown. Identical elements in the figures are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows two car bodies of a rail vehicle with intermediately arranged center portal of the prior art,
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically a design of a hinge connection of the prior art,
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically an embodiment of a hinge connection,
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically a further embodiment of a hinge connection,
  • Fig. 5 shows schematically a further embodiment of a hinge connection,
  • Fig. 6 shows schematically a further embodiment of a hinge connection,
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically a further embodiment of a hinge connection,
  • Fig. 8 shows schematically a further embodiment of a hinge connection,
  • Fig. 9 shows schematically an embodiment of a lower joint of a joint,
  • Fig. 10 shows schematically an embodiment of a lower joint of a joint,
  • Fig. 11 shows schematically a further, inventive embodiment of a hinge connection,
  • Fig. 12 schematically shows a further, inventive embodiment of a hinge connection.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Schienenfahrzeug schematisch dargestellt, mit einem auf einem Fahrwerk 4 abgestützten Mittenportal 3, einem ersten mit dem Mittenportal 3 gelenkig verbundenden Wagenkasten 1 und einem zweiten mit dem Mittenportal 3 gelenkig verbundenden Wagenkasten 2.In Fig. 1 a rail vehicle is shown schematically, with a supported on a chassis 4 center portal 3, a first hingedly connected to the center portal 3 car body 1 and a second articulated with the center portal 3 car body. 2

Der erste Wagenkasten 1 und der zweite Wagenkasten 2 sind hier zusätzlich auf einer dem Mittenportal 3 abgewandten Seite auf weiteren Fahrwerken 14 abgestützt.The first car body 1 and the second car body 2 are additionally supported here on a side facing away from the center portal 3 on other chassis 14.

In einem nick-, schwenk- und wankfreien Zustand verläuft eine Hochachse 8 des Schienenfahrzeugs in vertikaler Richtung.In a nick-, swivel and unstable state, a vertical axis 8 of the rail vehicle runs in the vertical direction.

Fig. 2 skizziert die Gelenkverbindung der Wagenkästen 1, 2 zum Mittenportal 3. Die Gelenkverbindungen umfassen jeweils ein unteres Gelenk 5 und ein oberes Gelenk 6. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel liegen die unteren und oberen Gelenke 5, 6 in einem nick- und wankfreien Zustand der Wagenkästen 1, 2 zum Mittenportal 3 in der Hochachse 8 des Schienenfahrzeugs. Fig. 2 The articulated joints each comprise a lower joint 5 and an upper joint 6. In this embodiment, the lower and upper joints 5, 6 lie in a nick- and unsteady state of the car bodies 1, 2 to the center portal 3 in the vertical axis 8 of the rail vehicle.

Die Fig. 3-8 zeigen verschiedene Ausführungsformen von miteinander gekoppelten Gelenkverbindungen anhand von gekoppelten Wankbewegungen.The Fig. 3-8 show various embodiments of coupled joint connections by means of coupled rolling movements.

Fig. 3 zeigt schematisch eine erfindungsgemäße Gelenkverbindung in einer ersten Ausführungsform. Die Wagenkästen 1, 2 sind jeweils derart mit dem Mittenportal 3 gelenkig verbunden, dass Wankbewegungen zwischen den Wagenkästen 1, 2 und dem Mittenportal 3 um eine Längsachse zugelassen sind und eine Wankbewegung des ersten Wangenkastens 1 zum Mittenportal 3 um einen ersten Wankwinkel zu einer Wankbewegung des zweiten Wagenkastens 2 zum Mittenportal 3 um einen vorgegebenen, vom ersten Wankwinkel abhängigen, zweiten Wankwinkel führt. Fig. 3 schematically shows a hinge connection according to the invention in a first embodiment. The car bodies 1, 2 are each connected in such a way with the center portal 3 hinged, that rolling movements between the car bodies 1, 2 and the center portal 3 are permitted about a longitudinal axis and a rolling movement of the first cheek box 1 to the center portal 3 by a first roll angle to a rolling motion of the second car body 2 to the middle portal 3 by a predetermined, dependent on the first roll angle, second roll angle leads.

Dazu weisen die Gelenkverbindungen zwischen den Wagenkästen 1 und 2 und dem Mittenportal 3 hier jeweils ein unteres Gelenk 5 sowie ein oberes Gelenk auf, welches jeweils ein Schwenklager 16 und eine Lenkerstange 10 umfasst. Die Schwenklager 16 und die unteren Gelenke 5 liegen in einem nick- und wankfreien Zustand des Schienenfahrzeugs in derselben Hochachse 8.For this purpose, the joints between the car bodies 1 and 2 and the center portal 3 here in each case a lower joint 5 and an upper joint, which in each case comprises a pivot bearing 16 and a handlebar 10. The pivot bearing 16 and the lower joints 5 are in a nick- and unsteady state of the rail vehicle in the same vertical axis. 8

Die gegenseitige Kopplung der Gelenkverbindungen der Wagenkästen 1 und 2 mit dem Mittenportal 3 erfolgt hier mittels einem, um eine Hochachse 8 des Schienenfahrzeugs drehbar gelagerten, doppelseitigen Drehhebel 7 mit beidseitig gelenkig an dem Drehhebel 7 angeordneten Lenkerstangen 10. Die Lenkerstangen 10 sind ihrerseits jeweils über weitere Schwenklager 16 gelenkig mit den Wagenkästen verbunden. Die Lenkerstangen 10 sind Teil der Gelenkverbindungen der Wagenkästen 1 und 2 mit dem Mittenportal 3. Wären diese beispielsweise mit voneinander verschiedenen und voneinander entkoppelten, einseitigen Drehhebeln gelenkig verbunden, welche einseitigen Drehhebel um eine Achse parallel zur Hochachse drehbar am Mittenportal 3 gelagert wären und somit voneinander unabhängig Drehbewegungen um diese Hochachse durchführen könnten, wären die Wankbewegungen der Wagenkästen 1 und 2 jedoch ebenfalls voneinander entkoppelt. So jedoch führt eine Wankbewegung des ersten Wagenkastens 1 in Richtung des Pfeils 13 zu einer Wankbewegung des zweiten Wagenkastens 2 in entgegengesetzter Richtung, wie durch den Pfeil 15 veranschaulicht.The reciprocal coupling of the articulated joints of the car bodies 1 and 2 with the center portal 3 takes place here by means of one, about a vertical axis 8 of the rail vehicle rotatably mounted, double-sided rotary lever 7 hingedly arranged on both sides of the rotary lever 7 handlebars 10. The handlebars 10 are in turn each further Swivel bearing 16 hinged to the car bodies. The handlebars 10 are part of the joints of the car bodies 1 and 2 with the center portal 3. Were these articulated, for example, with each other and decoupled, one-sided rotary levers, which unilateral rotary lever about an axis parallel to the vertical axis rotatably mounted on the center portal 3 and thus from each other could independently perform rotational movements about this vertical axis, but the roll movements of the car bodies 1 and 2 would also be decoupled from each other. However, a rolling movement of the first car body 1 in the direction of the arrow 13 leads to a rolling movement of the second car body 2 in the opposite direction, as illustrated by the arrow 15.

Sind die Lenkerstangen 10 gleich lang und sind die Lenkerstangen am Drehhebel 7 zur Drehachse in gleichem Abstand drehbar gelagert, so ist das Verhältnis der Beträge des ersten zum zweiten Wankwinkel eins.Are the handlebars 10 equal length and the handlebars on the rotary lever 7 to the axis of rotation at the same distance rotatably mounted, the ratio of the amounts of the first to the second roll angle is one.

Die zu Fig. 3 analog aufgebaute mechanische Kopplung der Gelenkverbindungen der Fig. 8 umfasst zusätzlich eine Dämpfungsvorrichtung zur Dämpfung einer Wankbewegung des ersten Wangenkastens 1 zum Mittenportal 3. Durch die mechanische Kopplung ist auch die Wankbewegung des zweiten Wangenkastens 2 zum Mittenportal 3 bedämpft.The too Fig. 3 analogously constructed mechanical coupling of the joints of Fig. 8 In addition, a damping device for damping a rolling movement of the first cheek box 1 to the center portal 3. By the mechanical coupling and the rolling motion of the second cheek box 2 is attenuated to the center portal 3.

Gemäß Fig. 7 umfasst die Kopplung der Gelenkverbindungen wenigstens einen drehbar gelagerten, doppelseitigen Drehhebel 7 zur Übersetzung einer Wankbewegung des ersten Wagenkastens 1 in eine entgegengesetzte Wankbewegung des zweiten Wagenkastens 2, wobei die Gelenkverbindungen jeweils zumindest eine Lenkerstange 10 umfassen, welche jeweils um drehbar auf unterschiedlichen Seiten des Drehhebels 7 gelagert sind und welche jeweils drehbar an den unterschiedlichen Wagenkästen 1 und 2 gelagert sind, wobei wenigstens eine Lenkerstange 10 mittels eines Hydraulikzylinders oder eines Elektromotors 21 längenverstellbar ausgebildet ist. Dadurch ist das Verhältnis der Wankwinkel zueinander während der Fahrt aktiv beeinflussbar.According to Fig. 7 The coupling of the articulated connections comprises at least one rotatably mounted, double-sided rotary lever 7 for translating a rolling movement of the first vehicle body 1 into an opposite rolling motion of the second vehicle body 2, wherein the articulated connections each comprise at least one handlebar rod 10, each rotatable on different sides of the rotary lever 7 are mounted and which are each rotatably mounted on the different car bodies 1 and 2, wherein at least one handlebar 10 is formed by means of a hydraulic cylinder or an electric motor 21 adjustable in length. As a result, the ratio of the roll angle to each other while driving actively influenced.

Die Gelenkverbindungen in Fig. 4 sind im Vergleich zum Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3 durch einen weiteren Drehhebel 17 auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Mittenportals 3 gekoppelt. Dieser ist identisch ausgebildet und mit den Wagenkästen in gleicher Art und Weise über Lenkerstangen 18 und die Schwenklager 16 verbunden sein. Die Lenkerstangen 18 zwischen dem weiteren Drehhebel 17 und den Wagenkästen 1 und 2 können auch elastisch ausgeführt sein.The joints in Fig. 4 are compared to the embodiment of Fig. 3 coupled by a further rotary lever 17 on the opposite side of the center portal 3. This is identical and be connected to the car bodies in the same manner via handlebars 18 and the pivot bearing 16. The handlebars 18 between the other rotary lever 17 and the car bodies 1 and 2 can also be designed to be elastic.

Beim Koppelmechanismus des Ausführungsbeispiels der Fig. 5 sind die Lenkerstangen durch Seile 19 und die Drehhebel durch Umlenkrollen 12 ersetzt. Die Umlenkrollen 12 sind drehbar auf dem Mittenportal 3 angeordnet und wirken in gleicher Weise als Übersetzung, so dass eine Wankbewegung des ersten Wagenkastens 1 in Richtung des Pfeils 13 zu einer Wankbewegung des zweiten Wagenkastens 2 in Richtung des Pfeils 15 führt.When coupling mechanism of the embodiment of Fig. 5 the handlebars are replaced by cables 19 and the rotary lever by pulleys 12. The pulleys 12 are rotatably mounted on the center portal 3 and act in the same way as a translation, so that a rolling motion of the first car body 1 leads in the direction of the arrow 13 to a rolling movement of the second car body 2 in the direction of the arrow 15.

Die Gelenkverbindungen der Ausführungsform der Fig. 6 umfassen zwei an der Außenseite des Mittenportals 3 gelagerte Hydraulikzylinder 11, welche fluidisch miteinander gekoppelt sind. Die Hydraulikleitungen 20 zwischen den Hydraulikzylindern 11 sind gestrichelt angedeutet. Sie dienen dem Druckausgleich zwischen den Hydraulikzylindern 11 und führen so zur Kopplung der Hydraulikzylinder 11 und somit zur Kopplung der Gelenkverbindungen in der Weise, dass eine Wankbewegung des ersten Wagenkastens 1 um einen ersten Wankwinkel in Richtung des Pfeils 13 zu einer Wankbewegung des zweiten Wagenkastens 2 um einen zweiten Wankwinkel in Richtung des Pfeils 15 führt, wobei der zweite Wankwinkel abhängig ist vom ersten Wankwinkel.The joints of the embodiment of the Fig. 6 comprise two mounted on the outside of the center portal 3 hydraulic cylinder 11, which are fluidically coupled together. The hydraulic lines 20 between the hydraulic cylinders 11 are indicated by dashed lines. They serve to equalize the pressure between the hydraulic cylinders 11 and thus lead to the coupling of the hydraulic cylinders 11 and thus to coupling the joints in such a way that a rolling motion of the first car body 1 by a first roll angle in the direction of arrow 13 to a rolling motion of the second car body 2 order a second roll angle in the direction of arrow 15, wherein the second roll angle is dependent on the first roll angle.

Fig. 9 zeigt nun ein Ausführungsbeispiel der unteren Gelenke der Gelenkverbindungen. Sie sind als Kalottenlager ausgeführt. Auf dem Mittenportal 3 ist eine Gelenkpfanne 22 kurz oberhalb des nicht gezeigten Drehgestells angeordnet, in welche eine weitere Gelenkpfanne 23 als Teil der zweiten Gelenkverbindung mit dem zweiten Wagenkasten 2 drehbar gelagert ist. Die Gelenkverbindung mit dem ersten Wagenkasten 1 umfasst dann eine Gelenkhüfte 24, welche in der Gelenkpfanne 23 drehbar gelagert ist. Beide Gelenke sind konzentrisch drehbar um dieselbe Hochachse angeordnet. Fig. 9 now shows an embodiment of the lower joints of the joints. They are designed as a spherical bearing. On the center portal 3, a socket 22 is disposed just above the bogie, not shown, in which a further socket 23 is rotatably mounted as part of the second hinge connection with the second car body 2. The articulated connection with the first vehicle body 1 then comprises a joint hip 24 which is rotatably mounted in the joint socket 23. Both joints are arranged concentrically rotatable about the same vertical axis.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltungsform gemäß Fig. 10 des unteren Gelenks besteht darin, dass es einen Drehkranz 25 umfasst, an den der Wagenkasten mittels elastischer Elemente, beispielsweise Gummilagern, angeschlossen ist. Der Drehkranz 25 weist somit zumindest eine vorgegebene Verwindeweichheit auf. Der Drehkranz 25 ist ansonsten verwindesteif ausgeführt und dient der Schwenkbewegung. Die notwendigen Bewegungsfreiheitsgrade zur Wank- und/oder Nickbewegung werden durch die elastischen Elemente gewährt.A further embodiment according to Fig. 10 of the lower hinge is that it comprises a turntable 25, to which the car body is connected by means of elastic elements, such as rubber bearings. The turntable 25 thus has at least a predetermined vermeliness. The turntable 25 is otherwise executed verwindesteif and serves the pivoting movement. The necessary degrees of freedom of movement for rolling and / or pitching motion are granted by the elastic elements.

Die Fig. 11 und 12 zeigen nun verschiedene Ausführungsformen von miteinander gekoppelten Gelenkverbindungen anhand von gekoppelten Nickbewegungen. Die Kopplung kann grundsätzlich mit den gleichen Mitteln erfolgen wie die Kopplung der Wankbewegungen.The Fig. 11 and 12 Now show various embodiments of coupled joint joints based on coupled pitching movements. The coupling can basically be done with the same means as the coupling of the rolling movements.

Gemäß Fig. 11 können beide Wagenkästen 1 und 2 Nickbewegungen zum Mittenportal hin ausführen. Die Wagenkästen 1 und 2 sind derart ausgebildet und miteinander gekoppelt, dass eine Nickbewegung 26 des ersten Wangenkastens 1 zum Mittenportal 3 um einen ersten Nickwinkel zu einer Nickbewegung 28 des zweiten Wagenkastens 2 zum Mittenportal 3 um einen vorgegebenen, vom ersten Nickwinkel abhängigen, zweiten Nickwinkel führt. Dazu ist ein Lemniskatenlenker 29 in liegender Anordnung auf dem Mittenportal 3 vorgesehen. Dieser ist zusätzlich zu den in Fig. 3 bis Fig. 8 gezeigten Gelenken vorgesehen und hier nur der Übersichtlichkeit wegen separat dargestellt. Der Lemniskatenlenker 29 weist dabei insbesondere eine Drehachse auf, welche in der Hochachse des Mittenportals 3 liegt, so dass auch hier die erste Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal 3 und dem ersten Wagenkasten 1 und die zweite Gelenkverbindung zwischen dem Mittenportal 3 und dem zweiten Wagenkasten 2 jeweils konzentrisch angeordnet sind.According to Fig. 11 both car bodies 1 and 2 can execute pitching movements towards the center portal. The car bodies 1 and 2 are designed and coupled to each other such that a pitching movement 26 of the first cheek box 1 leads to the center portal 3 by a first pitch angle to a pitching motion 28 of the second car body 2 to the center portal 3 by a predetermined, second pitch angle dependent on the first pitch angle , For this purpose, a Lemniskatenlenker 29 is provided in a horizontal arrangement on the center portal 3. This is in addition to the in Fig. 3 to Fig. 8 provided joints shown and shown here only for clarity separately. The Lemniskatenlenker 29 has in particular an axis of rotation which lies in the vertical axis of the center portal 3, so that here also the first articulated connection between the center portal 3 and the first car body 1 and the second articulation between the center portal 3 and the second car body 2 each concentric are arranged.

Analog zur Kopplung der Gelenkverbindungen bezüglich Wanken, kann auch die Kopplung der Gelenkverbindungen bezüglich Nicken fluidisch erfolgen, wie in Fig. 12 schematisch gezeigt. Anstelle des Lemniskatenlenkers sind zwei über Hydraulikleitungen 31 gekoppelte Hydraulikzylinder 30 vorgesehen zur Kopplung der Nickbewegungen 26 und 18.Analogous to the coupling of the joint connections with respect to rolling, the coupling of the joint connections with respect to pitch can also be carried out fluidly, as in FIG Fig. 12 shown schematically. Instead of the Lemniskatenlenkers two hydraulic lines 31 coupled hydraulic cylinder 30 are provided for coupling the pitching movements 26 and 18th

Gemäß dieser Ausgestaltung sind die unteren Gelenke 5 und die oberen Gelenke 6 der beiden Wagenkästen 1 und 2 jeweils konzentrisch angeordnet, so dass sie in einem wank- oder nickfreien Zustand des Schienenfahrzeugs in einer gemeinsamen Hochachse liegen.According to this embodiment, the lower joints 5 and the upper joints 6 of the two car bodies 1 and 2 are each arranged concentrically, so that they lie in a roll or pitch-free state of the rail vehicle in a common vertical axis.

Claims (11)

  1. Rail vehicle having at least one centre gantry (3) which is supported on a chassis (4), a first and a second wagon body (1, 2), wherein the first and the second wagon bodies (1, 2) are each connected in an articulated fashion to the centre gantry (3), wherein the articulated connections of the wagon bodies (1, 2) to the centre gantry (3) are embodied and coupled to one another in such a way that a rolling movement of the first wagon body (1) with respect to the centre gantry (3) through a first rolling angle gives rise to a rolling movement of the second wagon body (2) with respect to the centre gantry (3) through a predefined second rolling angle, which is dependent on the first rolling angle, characterized in that the articulated connections of the wagon bodies (1, 2) and the centre gantry (3) are embodied and coupled to one another in such a way that a pitching movement of the first wagon body (1) with respect to the centre gantry (3) through a first pitching angle gives rise to a pitching movement of the second wagon body (2) with respect to the centre gantry (3) through a predefined second pitching angle, which is dependent on the first pitching angle, wherein the articulated connections are coupled mechanically, fluidically or by electric motor.
  2. Rail vehicle according to Claim 1, characterized in that the centre gantry (3) is short in comparison with the wagon bodies (1, 2).
  3. Rail vehicle according to one of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a first articulated connection between the centre gantry (3) and the first wagon body (1) comprises a lower joint (5) and an upper pivoting-rolling joint (6), and/or in that a second articulated connection between the centre gantry (3) and the second wagon body (2) comprises a lower joint (5) and an upper pivoting-rolling joint (6).
  4. Rail vehicle according to Claim 3, characterized in that the lower joint (5) and the upper pivoting-rolling joint (6) are arranged in such a way that in a roll-free or pitch-free state of the wagon body (1, 2) with respect to the centre gantry (3) they lie in a line parallel to a vertical axis (8) of the rail vehicle.
  5. Rail vehicle according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the coupling (7, 11, 12) of the articulated connections comprises at least one damping device (9) for damping a rolling movement of the first wagon body (1) with respect to the centre gantry (3).
  6. Rail vehicle according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coupling (7, 11, 12) of the articulated connections comprises at least one double-sided rotary joint (7), which is mounted so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis (8) of the rail vehicle, for converting a rolling movement of the first wagon body (1) into an opposing rolling movement of the second wagon body (2).
  7. Rail vehicle according to Claim 6, characterized in that the articulated connections each comprise at least one steering rod (10), which steering rods (10) are each mounted on different sides of the rotary lever (7) so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis (8) of the rail vehicle and which are each mounted on the different wagon bodies (1, 2) so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis (8) of the rail vehicle, wherein at least one steering rod (10) is embodied in a longitudinally adjustable fashion.
  8. Rail vehicle according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the first rolling angle and the second rolling angle have a predetermined relationship to one another.
  9. Rail vehicle according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first and/or the second wagon bodies (1, 2) are/is supported on a side facing away from the centre gantry (3), on a further chassis (14).
  10. Rail vehicle according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the chassis (4) is equipped with a level control system with a four-point controller.
  11. Rail vehicle according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said rail vehicle comprises a current collector which is arranged on the centre gantry (3).
EP15741835.1A 2014-04-17 2015-03-25 Articulated connection for a rail vehicle Active EP3105098B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15741835T PL3105098T3 (en) 2014-04-17 2015-03-25 Articulated connection for a rail vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014207471.1A DE102014207471A1 (en) 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Articulated connection for a rail vehicle
PCT/EP2015/056435 WO2015158515A1 (en) 2014-04-17 2015-03-25 Articulated connection for a rail vehicle

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EP3105098A1 EP3105098A1 (en) 2016-12-21
EP3105098B1 true EP3105098B1 (en) 2019-05-01

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EP15741835.1A Active EP3105098B1 (en) 2014-04-17 2015-03-25 Articulated connection for a rail vehicle

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EP (1) EP3105098B1 (en)
CN (1) CN206187035U (en)
DE (1) DE102014207471A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2739694T3 (en)
PL (1) PL3105098T3 (en)
TR (1) TR201908958T4 (en)
WO (1) WO2015158515A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014219485A1 (en) * 2014-09-25 2016-03-31 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Rail vehicle with pitch support
AT518631B1 (en) * 2016-11-25 2017-12-15 Siemens Ag Oesterreich articulated vehicle
CN110104017A (en) * 2019-04-30 2019-08-09 中车四方车辆有限公司 Tramcar
CN113771905B (en) * 2021-09-28 2022-11-11 株洲中车特种装备科技有限公司 Single-wheel-pair hinged type middle bogie

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1142894B (en) 1957-05-14 1963-01-31 Goerlitz Waggonbau Veb Articulated rail train
CH359733A (en) 1957-12-06 1962-01-31 Schweiz Wagons Aufzuegefab Articulated rail train
DE4130609A1 (en) * 1991-09-14 1993-03-18 Abb Henschel Waggon Union LOW-FLOOR CITY CAR
DE19819927C2 (en) 1998-05-05 2003-04-17 Siemens Ag Device for the articulated connection of adjacent car bodies of a rail vehicle, in particular for local traffic
DE102004014903A1 (en) 2004-03-26 2005-10-13 Siemens Ag Vehicle, in particular lane-guided vehicle, with articulated vehicle bodies
JP5127412B2 (en) * 2007-11-16 2013-01-23 川崎重工業株式会社 Anti-roll device between vehicles and railway vehicle
DE102008063768A1 (en) * 2008-12-22 2010-07-01 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Vehicle with roll stops

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
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EP3105098A1 (en) 2016-12-21
ES2739694T3 (en) 2020-02-03
TR201908958T4 (en) 2019-07-22
CN206187035U (en) 2017-05-24
DE102014207471A1 (en) 2015-10-22
WO2015158515A1 (en) 2015-10-22
PL3105098T3 (en) 2019-09-30

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