EP3098043A1 - Method for producing a fibreboard with improved mechanical and chemical properties - Google Patents

Method for producing a fibreboard with improved mechanical and chemical properties Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3098043A1
EP3098043A1 EP16165123.7A EP16165123A EP3098043A1 EP 3098043 A1 EP3098043 A1 EP 3098043A1 EP 16165123 A EP16165123 A EP 16165123A EP 3098043 A1 EP3098043 A1 EP 3098043A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood fiber
fiberboard
fiber board
pressure difference
fibreboard
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EP16165123.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3098043B1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Stahl
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Cefla Deutschland GmbH
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Cefla Deutschland GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N7/00—After-treatment, e.g. reducing swelling or shrinkage, surfacing; Protecting the edges of boards against access of humidity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
    • B27K3/0285—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation for improving the penetration of the impregnating fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
    • B27K2200/10—Articles made of particles or fibres consisting of wood or other lignocellulosic material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a fiberboard with improved chemical and mechanical properties, this can, for.
  • a fiberboard with improved chemical and mechanical properties
  • this can, for.
  • a wood fiber board is used as an application example.
  • wood fiber boards For the production of furniture, door leaves and the like, it is known to use wood fiber boards. These consist of compressed wood fiber boards, which usually have a density of 450 to 1000 kg / m 3 after the pressing process. In a conventional, not partially post-cured by nachvernetzendes polyurethane wood fiber board, it is necessary this to produce a high-quality paint surface several times, that is usually five to six times to paint, with grinding between the individual painting steps are required. Even more complex is the processing of the wood fiber board, provided that a structured surface such as the milling of grooves, cassettes and the like takes place. As a result, the surface of the wood fiber board, for example in the area of the grooves, cassettes porous because you milled through the denser top layer in the less dense middle layer. By painting z. As with water-soluble UV coatings, water-based paints or the like, the fibers are on, so that an elaborate post-processing is often required by manual grinding.
  • This method also has the disadvantage that prior to processing the wood fiber board, the points of processing must be defined exactly. It is not possible with this method to produce a wood fiber board in which the type of machining as the milled grooves and contours actually in the plate will be determined later.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a fiberboard, in particular a hardened wood fiber board, which can be edited individually, that is, at which the machining contours can be determined only at a later date.
  • liquid hardening material is applied over its entire surface to an upper side of the fiberboard.
  • 400-800 ml, in particular 500-600 ml of liquid impregnating material per square meter with a plate thickness of 6 - 10 mm, in particular 7 - 9 mm applied to the top of the wood fiber board with a smaller plate thickness relatively less impregnation material is applied. If the plate thickness is reduced by half, the applied amount of impregnating agent is reduced by 50%.
  • an application of impregnating material takes place on both upper sides. After the application of the material on a first top and create the pressure difference therefore takes place in a preferred embodiment of the invention in a next step, turning the plate, so that the previous bottom to the new top and the previous top is the new bottom. Subsequently, material is again applied to the now new top, wherein the amount of material again corresponds in dependence on the plate thickness of the order amount described above.
  • the mechanical properties of the plate can be significantly improved.
  • the plate preferably has a density of 700-1100 kg / m 3 , in particular 800-1000 kg / m 3 .
  • the method according to the invention suck the impregnating agent relatively deep, in particular completely in the wood fiber board. This has the advantage that the mechanical properties of the plate are greatly improved, with only a small amount of impregnating material must be used.
  • the times for which a pressure difference is applied are at the first suction, i. before turning the plate 70 - 110 s, in particular 80 - 100 s. If, in a preferred embodiment, a turning of the plate and application of material to the then new top, the sucking or pressing this material is then for 10 - 25 s, in particular 15 - 20 s. Despite being soaked or impregnated with impregnating material from both sides, only a very small amount of material is sucked out of the plate. This amount is negligible.
  • the pressure difference is generated by means of a vacuum chamber extending over the entire underside of the fibreboard.
  • a vacuum chamber extending over the entire underside of the fibreboard.
  • the impregnating material it is preferable to use a self-curing system, a post-crosslinking polymer, or the like.
  • a two-component material can be used which cures z.
  • a polyurethane with isocyanate as a hardener component.
  • the polyurethane is provided with an isocyanate which reacts in conjunction with water.
  • the water in this case is the residual moisture of the MDF board.
  • the reaction time is set very long and is preferably about 3 days.
  • the plates can be stacked after treatment and do not stick together.
  • the hardening material used preferably has a viscosity of 10 to 80 s measured in the DIN 4 measuring cup.
  • the preferred pressure difference between the top and the bottom of the wood fiber board is preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 bar, which is particularly dependent on the air pressure. Since it is particularly preferred that only a suction takes place, the pressure difference is a maximum in the range of about 1 bar, as it is an open system.
  • the provision of only a vacuum chamber on the underside of the wood fiber board has the advantage that a pressure chamber on the top of the wood fiber board can be omitted.
  • the differential pressure is generated by at least one vacuum pump which is connected to the vacuum chamber.
  • the at least one vacuum pump or the plurality of vacuum pumps together have a suction capacity of 700 to 1200 m 3 / h and in particular 800 to 1000 m 3 / h. This suction power refers to an area of 1 m 2 .
  • the impregnating or hardening material is sucked or pressed in over a range of at least 3 mm, in particular completely into the wood fiber board. This is the case in particular when applying and pressing in or sucking in the impregnating material from both sides.
  • the suction time is between 20 and 90 s depending on the penetration depth.
  • a fibreboard 10 made by a conventional pressing method is sprayed at a first station by means of a sprayer 12 on a top 14 with hardening material.
  • the spray head 16 extending over the entire width of the wood fiber board 10 is moved continuously in the direction of an arrow 18 over the entire length of the wood fiber board 10.
  • the wood fiber board is transported in the direction of an arrow 22 in the next processing station.
  • the wood-fiber board rests on a vacuum chamber 26 formed by, for example, a rectangular frame 24 extending at the edge of the wood-fiber board 10.
  • the vacuum chamber 26 is connected to three vacuum pumps 28.
  • a pressure of about 1000 mbar in the vacuum pump chamber 26 and thus at an underside 25 of the wood fiber board 10 is generated over a period of about 90 seconds. This results in a full-surface suction of the arranged on the upper side 14 of the wood fiber board 10 hardening material.
  • the wood fiber board 10 can be processed individually after curing of the material.
  • an individual profiling and structuring of the surface of the fibreboard can take place by introducing grooves and the like.
  • a complex, especially manual regrinding is no longer required before coating the surface with paint or the like.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention takes place after applying and sucking or pressing of impregnating material on the top 14 turning the wood fiber board, so that the bottom 25 to the new top and the top 14 is the new bottom. This is followed, in turn, by a complete application of liquid hardening material and a corresponding sucking or pressing in as described above.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Bei einem Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Faserplatte, insbesondere einer gehärteten Holzfaserplatte wird flüssiges Härtmaterial vollflächig auf eine Oberseite (14) der Faserplatte (10) aufgebracht, wobei weniger als 500 ml an Härtmaterial pro m 2 aufgebracht werden. Durch Erzeugen einer Druckdifferenz zwischen der Oberseite (14) und der Unterseite (25) der Faserplatte (10) erfolgt ein Einsaugen und/oder Einpressen des Härtmaterials. Hierdurch ist es möglich zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt individualisierbare Faserplatten herzustellen, in die beispielsweise beliebige Konturen und Nuten eingebracht werden können, wobei die erforderliche Nachbearbeitung vereinfacht ist und daher ein wirtschaftliches Herstellen der Faserplatten möglich ist.In a method for producing a fiberboard, in particular a hardened fiberboard, liquid hardening material is applied over its entire area to an upper side (14) of the fiberboard (10), with less than 500 ml of hardening material being applied per m 2. By creating a pressure difference between the upper side (14) and the lower side (25) of the fibreboard (10), the hardening material is sucked in and / or pressed in. This makes it possible to produce customizable fiberboard at a later date, in which, for example, any contours and grooves can be introduced, wherein the required post-processing is simplified and therefore an economical production of the fiberboard is possible.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Faserplatte mit verbesserten chemischen und mechanischen Eigensachten, dies können z. B. Holzfaserplatten oder Hanfplatten sowie Glas und Steinwolleplatten sein. Als Anwendungsbeispiel wird eine Holzfaserplatte verwendet.The invention relates to a method for producing a fiberboard with improved chemical and mechanical properties, this can, for. As wood fiber boards or hemp plates and glass and stone wool slabs. As an application example, a wood fiber board is used.

Zur Herstellung von Möbelstücken, Türblättern und dergleichen ist es bekannt Holzfaserplatten zu verwenden. Diese bestehen aus verpressten Holzfaserplatten, die nach dem Pressvorgang üblicherweise eine Dichte von 450 bis 1000 kg/m3 aufweisen. Bei einer herkömmlichen, nicht teilweise durch nachvernetzendes Polyurethan nachbehandelten Holzfaserplatte ist es erforderlich diese zur Erzeugung einer hochwertigen Lackoberfläche mehrfach, das heißt üblicherweise fünf bis sechsfach zu lackieren, wobei zwischen den einzelnen Lackierschritten Schleifarbeiten erforderlich sind. Noch aufwendiger ist das Bearbeiten der Holzfaserplatte, sofern eine strukturierte Oberfläche wie beispielsweise das Einfräsen von Nuten, Kassetten und dergleichen erfolgt. Hierdurch wird die Oberfläche der Holzfaserplatte beispielsweise im Bereich der Nuten, Kassetten poröser, da man durch die dichtere Deckschicht in die weniger dichte Mittellage fräst. Durch das Lackieren z. B. mit wasserlöslichen UV-Lacken, Wasserlacken oder dergleichen stellen sich die Fasern auf, so dass eine aufwendige Nachbearbeitung häufig durch händisches Schleifen erforderlich ist.For the production of furniture, door leaves and the like, it is known to use wood fiber boards. These consist of compressed wood fiber boards, which usually have a density of 450 to 1000 kg / m 3 after the pressing process. In a conventional, not partially post-cured by nachvernetzendes polyurethane wood fiber board, it is necessary this to produce a high-quality paint surface several times, that is usually five to six times to paint, with grinding between the individual painting steps are required. Even more complex is the processing of the wood fiber board, provided that a structured surface such as the milling of grooves, cassettes and the like takes place. As a result, the surface of the wood fiber board, for example in the area of the grooves, cassettes porous because you milled through the denser top layer in the less dense middle layer. By painting z. As with water-soluble UV coatings, water-based paints or the like, the fibers are on, so that an elaborate post-processing is often required by manual grinding.

Des Weiteren ist es bekannt, die gesamte Holzfaserplatte mit entsprechendem Imprägniermaterial wie nachvernetzendem Polyurethan zu tränken. Hierbei wird eine große Menge des entsprechenden Imprägniermaterials auf die Platte aufgebracht und dringt in diese ein und härtet aus. Hierdurch kann die Anzahl der aufzubringenden Lackschichten zur Erzeugung einer hochwertigen Lackoberfläche reduziert werden. Auch ist es sodann möglich, eine profilierte Oberfläche durch Einfräsen von Nuten oder dergleichen zu erzeugen, wobei die aufwendigen insbesondere händisch durchzuführenden Schleifschritte reduziert werden können. Ein derartiges Verfahren ist jedoch unwirtschaftlich, da eine sehr große Menge an teurem Härtmaterial verwendet werden muss. Es ist daher bekannt, das entsprechende Härtmaterial nur partiell auf eine Oberseite der Holzfaserplatte aufzubringen und durch Anlegen von Unterdruck an der Unterseite der Holzfaserplatte in diese einzusaugen, wie beispielsweise in DE 19 963 203 beschrieben. Bei einem derartigen Verfahren ist es erforderlich mindestens 1000 ml an Härtmaterial pro Quadratmeter aufzubringen.Furthermore, it is known to impregnate the entire wood fiber board with appropriate impregnating material such as post-crosslinking polyurethane. In this case, a large amount of the corresponding impregnating material is applied to the plate and penetrates into it and hardens. As a result, the number of paint layers to be applied to produce a high-quality paint surface can be reduced. It is then also possible to produce a profiled surface by milling grooves or the like, wherein the complex grinding steps to be performed, in particular by hand, can be reduced. However, such a method is uneconomical, since a very large amount of expensive hardening material must be used. It is therefore known to apply the corresponding hardening material only partially on an upper side of the wood fiber board and suck it by applying negative pressure at the bottom of the wood fiber board in this, such as in DE 19 963 203 described. In such a process it is necessary to apply at least 1000 ml of hardening material per square meter.

Dieses Verfahren hat ferner den Nachteil, dass vor der Bearbeitung der Holzfaserplatte, die Stellen der Bearbeitung exakt definiert sein müssen. Es ist nicht möglich mit diesem Verfahren eine Holzfaserplatte herzustellen, bei der die Art der Bearbeitung wie die tatsächlich in die Platte eingefrästen Nuten und Konturen erst später festgelegt wird.This method also has the disadvantage that prior to processing the wood fiber board, the points of processing must be defined exactly. It is not possible with this method to produce a wood fiber board in which the type of machining as the milled grooves and contours actually in the plate will be determined later.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Faserplatte, insbesondere einer gehärteten Holzfaserplatte zu schaffen, die individuell bearbeitet werden kann, das heißt bei der erst zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt die Bearbeitungskonturen festgelegt werden können.The object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a fiberboard, in particular a hardened wood fiber board, which can be edited individually, that is, at which the machining contours can be determined only at a later date.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.

Nachstehend wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren anhand der bevorzugten Verwendung anhand von Holzfaserplatten näher erörtert, wobei das Verfahren auch für Platten aus anderen, mit flüssigem Härtmittel behandelbaren Materialen geeignet ist.In the following, the method according to the invention will be discussed in more detail on the basis of the preferred use of wood fiber boards, the method also being suitable for boards made of other materials which can be treated with liquid hardening agent.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zu Herstellung einer Faserplatte, insbesondere einer gehärteten Holzfaserplatte wird flüssiges Härtmaterial vollflächig auf eine Oberseite der Faserplatte aufgebracht. Erfindungsgemäß werden hierbei 400 - 800 ml, insbesondere 500 - 600 ml Flüssigkeit an Imprägniermaterial pro Quadratmeter bei einer Plattendicke von 6 - 10 mm, insbesondere 7 - 9 mm auf die Oberseite der Holzfaserplatte aufgebracht Bei einer geringeren Plattendicke wird verhältnismäßig weniger Imprägnierungsmaterial aufgebracht. Wird die Plattendicke auf die Hälfte reduziert, reduziert sich auch die aufgebrachte Menge an Imprägniermittel um 50 %. Es wird bei einer Plattendicke von 2 - 6 mm, insbesondere 3 - 5 mm pro Quadratmeter Imprägniermaterial von 200 - 400 ml, insbesondere 250 - 300 ml aufgebracht. Bei zunehmender Plattendicke, und somit auch zunehmender gewünschter Eindringtiefe des Imprägniermaterials, wird entsprechend mehr Imprägniermaterial vollflächig auf die Oberseite der Faserplatte aufgebracht. Im nächsten Schritt wird zwischen der Oberseite und der Unterseite der Faserplatte eine Druckdifferenz erzeugt, um das Imprägniermaterial großflächig in die Holzfaserplatte einzusaugen und/oder einzupressen. Hierdurch kann die erforderliche Menge an Imprägniermaterial erfindungsgemäß deutlich reduziert werden.In the method according to the invention for producing a fiberboard, in particular a hardened fibreboard, liquid hardening material is applied over its entire surface to an upper side of the fiberboard. According to the invention, in this case 400-800 ml, in particular 500-600 ml of liquid impregnating material per square meter with a plate thickness of 6 - 10 mm, in particular 7 - 9 mm applied to the top of the wood fiber board with a smaller plate thickness relatively less impregnation material is applied. If the plate thickness is reduced by half, the applied amount of impregnating agent is reduced by 50%. It is applied at a plate thickness of 2 - 6 mm, in particular 3 - 5 mm per square meter of impregnating material of 200 - 400 ml, in particular 250 - 300 ml. With increasing plate thickness, and thus also increasing desired penetration depth of the impregnating, according to more impregnating material is applied over the entire surface of the top of the fiberboard. In the next step, a pressure difference is generated between the upper side and the lower side of the fiberboard in order to suck and / or press the impregnating material over a large area into the fibreboard. As a result, the required amount of impregnating according to the invention can be significantly reduced.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erfolgt ein Aufbringen von Imprägniermaterial auf beiden Oberseiten. Nach erfolgtem Aufbringen des Materials auf eine erste Oberseite und anlegen der Druckdifferenz erfolgt daher in bevorzugter Weiterbildung der Erfindung in einem nächsten Schritt ein Wenden der Platte, so dass die bisherige Unterseite zur neuen Oberseite und die bisherige Oberseite zur neuen Unterseite wird. Anschließend wird wiederum Material auf die jetzt neue Oberseite aufgebracht, wobei die Materialmenge wiederum in Abhängigkeit der Plattendicke der vorstehend beschriebenen Auftragsmenge entspricht.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, an application of impregnating material takes place on both upper sides. After the application of the material on a first top and create the pressure difference therefore takes place in a preferred embodiment of the invention in a next step, turning the plate, so that the previous bottom to the new top and the previous top is the new bottom. Subsequently, material is again applied to the now new top, wherein the amount of material again corresponds in dependence on the plate thickness of the order amount described above.

Insbesondere durch Aufbringen und Einsaugen bzw. Einpressen von Imprägniermatieral von beiden Seiten können die mechanischen Eigenschaften der Platte deutlich verbessert werden.In particular, by applying and sucking or pressing of impregnating material from both sides, the mechanical properties of the plate can be significantly improved.

Die Platte weist vorzugsweise eine Dichte von 700 - 1100 kg/m3, insbesondere 800 - 1000 kg/m3. Trotz der relativ hohen Dichte ist es mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren möglich, das Imprägnierungsmittel verhältnismäßig tief, insbesondere vollständig in die Holzfaserplatte einzusaugen. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die mechanischen Eigenschaften der Platte stark verbessert werden, wobei nur eine geringe Menge an Imprägniermaterial eingesetzt werden muss.The plate preferably has a density of 700-1100 kg / m 3 , in particular 800-1000 kg / m 3 . Despite the relatively high density, it is possible with the method according to the invention to suck the impregnating agent relatively deep, in particular completely in the wood fiber board. This has the advantage that the mechanical properties of the plate are greatly improved, with only a small amount of impregnating material must be used.

Die Zeiten, für die eine Druckdifferenz angelegt wird, betragen beim ersten Einsaugen, d.h. vor dem Wenden der Platte 70 - 110 s, insbesondere 80 - 100 s. Sofern in bevorzugter Ausführungsform ein Wenden der Platte und Aufbringen von Material auf die sodann neue Oberseite erfolgt, erfolgt das Einsaugen bzw. Einpressen dieses Material sodann für 10 - 25 s, insbesondere 15 - 20 s. Trotz des Einsaugens bzw. Einpressens von Imprägniermaterial von beiden Seiten wird nur eine sehr geringe Menge an Material aus der Platte gesaugt. Diese Menge ist vernachlässigbar.The times for which a pressure difference is applied are at the first suction, i. before turning the plate 70 - 110 s, in particular 80 - 100 s. If, in a preferred embodiment, a turning of the plate and application of material to the then new top, the sucking or pressing this material is then for 10 - 25 s, in particular 15 - 20 s. Despite being soaked or impregnated with impregnating material from both sides, only a very small amount of material is sucked out of the plate. This amount is negligible.

Vorzugsweise erfolgt das Erzeugen der Druckdifferenz mittels einer sich über die gesamte Unterseite der Holzfaserplatte erstreckenden Unterdruckkammer. Sowohl das vollflächige Aufbringen als auch das vollflächige Erzeugen von Unterdruck erfolgt hierbei im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Fläche der Platte.Preferably, the pressure difference is generated by means of a vacuum chamber extending over the entire underside of the fibreboard. Both the full-surface application and the full-surface generation of negative pressure in this case takes place substantially over the entire surface of the plate.

Des Weiteren ist es bevorzugt, das Härtematerial vollflächig auf die Oberseite der Holzfaserplatte aufzugießen und/oder aufzusprühen. Hierdurch kann ein gleichmäßiges Auftragen des Imprägniermaterials verwirklicht werden.Furthermore, it is preferable to pour the hardening material on the entire surface of the top of the wood fiber board and / or spray. As a result, a uniform application of the impregnating material can be realized.

Als Imprägniermaterial ist es bevorzugt ein selbsthärtendes System, ein nachvernetzendes Polymer, oder dergleichen einzusetzen.As the impregnating material, it is preferable to use a self-curing system, a post-crosslinking polymer, or the like.

Zusätzlich oder anstelle dieses Materials kann ein Zweikomponentenmaterial verwendet werden, das durchhärtet z. B. ein Polyurethan mit Isocyanat als Härter-Komponente.In addition to or instead of this material, a two-component material can be used which cures z. As a polyurethane with isocyanate as a hardener component.

Das Polyurethan ist mit einem Isocyanat versehen, der in Verbindung mit Wasser reagiert. Das Wasser ist in diesem Fall die Restfeuchte der MDF Platte. Die Reaktionszeit wird sehr lange eingestellt und beträgt vorzugsweise ca. 3 Tage. Die Platten können nach der Behandlung gestapelt werden und verkleben nicht.The polyurethane is provided with an isocyanate which reacts in conjunction with water. The water in this case is the residual moisture of the MDF board. The reaction time is set very long and is preferably about 3 days. The plates can be stacked after treatment and do not stick together.

Das verwendete Härtmaterial weist vorzugsweise eine Viskosität von 10 bis 80 s gemessen im DIN 4 Messbecher auf.The hardening material used preferably has a viscosity of 10 to 80 s measured in the DIN 4 measuring cup.

Die bevorzugte Druckdifferenz zwischen der Oberseite und der Unterseite der Holzfaserplatte liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich von 0,8 bis 1,2 bar, wobei dies insbesondere abhängig vom Luftdruck ist. Da es besonderes bevorzugt ist, dass ausschließlich ein Einsaugen erfolgt liegt die Druckdifferenz maximal im Bereich von ca. 1 bar, da es sich um ein offenes System handelt. Das Vorsehen ausschließlich einer Unterdruckkammer auf der Unterseite der Holzfaserplatte hat den Vorteil, dass eine Überdruckkammer auf der Oberseite der Holzfaserplatte entfallen kann.The preferred pressure difference between the top and the bottom of the wood fiber board is preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 bar, which is particularly dependent on the air pressure. Since it is particularly preferred that only a suction takes place, the pressure difference is a maximum in the range of about 1 bar, as it is an open system. The provision of only a vacuum chamber on the underside of the wood fiber board has the advantage that a pressure chamber on the top of the wood fiber board can be omitted.

Des Weiteren ist es bevorzugt, dass der Differenzdruck durch mindestens eine Vakuumpumpe erzeugt wird, die mit der Unterdruckkammer verbunden ist. Hierbei weist die mindestens eine Vakuumpumpe oder die mehreren Vakuumpumpen gemeinsam eine Saugleistung von 700 bis 1200 m3/h und insbesondere 800 bis 1000 m3/h auf. Diese Saugleistung bezieht sich auf eine Fläche von 1 m2.Furthermore, it is preferred that the differential pressure is generated by at least one vacuum pump which is connected to the vacuum chamber. In this case, the at least one vacuum pump or the plurality of vacuum pumps together have a suction capacity of 700 to 1200 m 3 / h and in particular 800 to 1000 m 3 / h. This suction power refers to an area of 1 m 2 .

Vorzugsweise wird mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens das Imprägnier- bzw. Härtmaterial über einen Bereich von mindestens 3 mm, insbesondere vollständig in die Holzfaserplatte eingesaugt bzw. eingepresst. Dies ist insbesondere der Fall, wenn ein Aufbringen und Einpressen bzw. Einsaugen des Imprägniermaterials von beiden Seiten erfolgt.Preferably, with the aid of the method according to the invention, the impregnating or hardening material is sucked or pressed in over a range of at least 3 mm, in particular completely into the wood fiber board. This is the case in particular when applying and pressing in or sucking in the impregnating material from both sides.

Bei dem nachstehenden bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel wurden sehr gute Ergebnisse erzielt:

  • Verwendete Holzfaserplatte: MDF 610 kg/m3, Plattenstärke 8 mm
  • Verwendetes Material: POLYURETHAN mit Isocyanat
  • Aushärtezeit des Härtmaterials: ca. 2 bis 3 Tage
Very good results were obtained in the following preferred embodiment:
  • Used fiberboard: MDF 610 kg / m 3 , board thickness 8 mm
  • Material used: POLYURETHANE with isocyanate
  • Hardening time of the hardened material: approx. 2 to 3 days

Auftragen von 500 ml Härtmaterial pro Quadratmeter durch Gießen.Apply 500 ml of hardening material per square meter by pouring.

Erzeugen von ca. 1000 mbar Unterdruck an der Unterseite der Holzfaserplatte mit Hilfe von drei Vakuumpumpen mit einer Saugleistung von je 300 m3/h bei einer Fläche der Holzfaserplatte von 1 m2.Generating of approx. 1000 mbar underpressure at the underside of the fiberboard with the help of three vacuum pumps with a suction capacity of 300 m 3 / h each at a surface of the fiberboard of 1 m 2 .

In Abhängigkeit vom Luftdruck wurde ein Unterdruck von -920 mbar erreicht. Die Saugzeit beträgt je nach Eindringtiefe zwischen 20 und 90 s.Depending on the air pressure, a negative pressure of -920 mbar was reached. The suction time is between 20 and 90 s depending on the penetration depth.

Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren anhand einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer geeigneten Vorrichtung näher erläutert.The method according to the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment of a suitable device.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer geeigneten Vorrichtung.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic side view of a suitable device.

Eine durch ein herkömmliches Pressverfahren hergestellte Holzfaserplatte 10 wird in einer ersten Station mit Hilfe einer Sprüheinrichtung 12 auf einer Oberseite 14 mit Härtmaterial besprüht. Hierzu wird der sich über die gesamte Breite der Holzfaserplatte 10 erstreckende Sprühkopf 16 kontinuierlich in Richtung eines Pfeils 18 über die gesamte Länge der Holzfaserplatte 10 bewegt. Hierdurch erfolgt ein gleichmäßiges flächiges Aufbringen an Härtmaterial auf der Oberseite 14. Beispielsweise mit Hilfe von Transportrollen 20 wird die Holzfaserplatte in Richtung eines Pfeils 22 in die nächste Bearbeitungsstation transportiert.A fibreboard 10 made by a conventional pressing method is sprayed at a first station by means of a sprayer 12 on a top 14 with hardening material. For this purpose, the spray head 16 extending over the entire width of the wood fiber board 10 is moved continuously in the direction of an arrow 18 over the entire length of the wood fiber board 10. For example, by means of transport rollers 20, the wood fiber board is transported in the direction of an arrow 22 in the next processing station.

In der nächsten Bearbeitungsstation liegt die Holzfaserplatte auf einer durch einen beispielsweise rechteckigen am Rand der Holzfaserplatte 10 verlaufenden Rahmen 24 ausgebildeten Vakuumkammer 26 auf. Die Vakuumkammer 26 ist mit drei Vakuumpumpen 28 verbunden. Durch die Vakuumpumpen 28 wird über einen Zeitraum von ca. 90 Sekunden ein Druck von ca. 1000 mbar in der Vakuumpumpenkammer 26 und somit an einer Unterseite 25 der Holzfaserplatte 10 erzeugt. Hierdurch erfolgt ein vollflächiges Einsaugen des auf der Oberseiter 14 der Holzfaserplatte 10 angeordneten Härtmaterials.In the next processing station, the wood-fiber board rests on a vacuum chamber 26 formed by, for example, a rectangular frame 24 extending at the edge of the wood-fiber board 10. The vacuum chamber 26 is connected to three vacuum pumps 28. By the vacuum pumps 28, a pressure of about 1000 mbar in the vacuum pump chamber 26 and thus at an underside 25 of the wood fiber board 10 is generated over a period of about 90 seconds. This results in a full-surface suction of the arranged on the upper side 14 of the wood fiber board 10 hardening material.

Anschließend kann die Holzfaserplatte 10 nach dem Aushärten des Materials individuell bearbeitet werden. Hierdurch kann bei sehr guten Qualitätsergebnissen ein individuelles Profilieren und Strukturieren der Oberfläche der Holzfaserplatte durch Einbringen von Nuten und dergleichen erfolgen. Ein aufwendiges insbesondere händisches Nachschleifen ist vor einem Beschichten der Oberfläche mit Lack oder dergleichen nicht mehr erforderlich.Subsequently, the wood fiber board 10 can be processed individually after curing of the material. As a result, with very good quality results, an individual profiling and structuring of the surface of the fibreboard can take place by introducing grooves and the like. A complex, especially manual regrinding is no longer required before coating the surface with paint or the like.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung erfolgt nach dem Aufbringen und Einsaugen bzw. Einpressen von Imprägniermaterial auf die Oberseite 14 ein Wenden der Holzfaserplatte, so dass die Unterseite 25 zur neuen Oberseite und die Oberseite 14 zur neuen Unterseite wird. Anschließend erfolgt wiederum ein vollständiges Aufbringen von flüssigem Härtmaterial und ein entsprechendes Einsaugen bzw. Einpressen wie vorstehend beschrieben.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention takes place after applying and sucking or pressing of impregnating material on the top 14 turning the wood fiber board, so that the bottom 25 to the new top and the top 14 is the new bottom. This is followed, in turn, by a complete application of liquid hardening material and a corresponding sucking or pressing in as described above.

Der einzige wesentliche Unterschied besteht darin, dass das Einsaugen bzw. Einpressen über einen deutlich geringeren Zeitraum von insbesondere 10 - 25 s, und besonders bevorzugt 15 - 20 s erfolgt.The only significant difference is that the sucking or pressing over a much shorter period of particular 10 - 25 s, and particularly preferably 15 - 20 s takes place.

Claims (11)

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Faserplatte, insbesondere einer gehärteten Holzfaserplatte mit den Schritten: Vollflächiges Aufbringen eines flüssigen Härtmaterials auf eine Oberseite (14) einer Faserplatte (10), wobei 400 - 800 ml, insbesondere 500 - 600 ml an Imprägniermaterial pro Quadratmeter aufgebracht werden, bei einer Plattendicke von 6 - 10 mm, insbesondere 7 - 9 mm bzw. wobei 200 - 400 ml, insbesondere 250 - 300 ml an Imprägniermaterial pro Quadratmeter aufgetragen werden bei einer Plattendicke von 2 - 6 mm, insbesondere 3 - 5 mm, und Erzeugen einer Druckdifferenz zwischen der Oberseite (14) und einer Unterseite (25) der Holzfaserplatte (10) zum Einsaugen und/oder Einpressen des Imprägniermaterials in die Holzfaserplatte (10). Process for producing a fiberboard, in particular a hardened fiberboard, comprising the steps of: Full-surface application of a liquid hardening material on an upper side (14) of a fibreboard (10), wherein 400-800 ml, in particular 500-600 ml of impregnating material per square meter are applied, with a plate thickness of 6 - 10 mm, in particular 7 - 9 mm or wherein 200 - 400 ml, in particular 250 - 300 ml applied to impregnating material per square meter be with a plate thickness of 2 - 6 mm, in particular 3 - 5 mm, and Generating a pressure difference between the upper side (14) and a lower side (25) of the wood fiber board (10) for sucking and / or pressing the impregnating material into the wood fiber board (10). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 mit den zusätzlichen Schritten: Wenden der Holzfaserplatte, Vollflächiges Aufbringen eines flüssigen Härtmaterials auf einer neuen Oberseite (25) einer Faserplatte (10), wobei 400 - 800 ml, insbesondere 500 - 600 ml an Imprägniermaterial pro Quadratmeter aufgebracht werden, bei einer Plattendicke von 6 - 10 mm, insbesondere 7 - 9 mm bzw. wobei 200 - 400 ml, insbesondere 250 - 300 ml an Imprägniermaterial pro Quadratmeter aufgetragen werden bei einer Plattendicke von 2 - 6 mm, insbesondere 3 - 5 mm, und Erzeugen einer Druckdifferenz zwischen der neuen Oberseite (25) und der neuen Unterseite (14) der Holzfaserplatte (10) zum Einsaugen und/oder Einpressen des Imprägniermaterials in die Holzfaserplatte (10). Method according to claim 1 with the additional steps: Turning the fiberboard, Full-surface application of a liquid hardening material on a new top side (25) of a fibreboard (10), wherein 400-800 ml, in particular 500-600 ml of impregnating material per square meter are applied, with a plate thickness of 6 - 10 mm, in particular 7 - 9 mm or wherein 200 - 400 ml, in particular 250 - 300 ml applied to impregnating material per square meter be with a plate thickness of 2 - 6 mm, in particular 3 - 5 mm, and Generating a pressure difference between the new top (25) and the new bottom (14) of the wood fiber board (10) for sucking and / or pressing the impregnating into the wood fiber board (10). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dichte der Holzfaserplatte 700 - 1100 kg/m3, insbesondere 800 - 1000 kg/m3 beträgt.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the density of the wood fiber board is 700 - 1100 kg / m 3 , in particular 800 - 1000 kg / m 3 . Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 3, wobei zum ersten Einsaugen und/ oder Einpressen die Druckdifferenz zwischen der Oberseite (14) und der Unterseite (15) für 70 - 110 s, insbesondere 80 - 100 s angelegt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 - 3, wherein for the first sucking and / or pressing the pressure difference between the top (14) and the bottom (15) for 70-110 s, in particular 80-100 s is applied. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1- 3, wobei zum zweiten Einsaugen und/ oder Einpressen die Druckdifferenz zwischen der neuen Oberseite (25) und der neuen Unterseite (14) für 10 - 25 s, insbesondere 15 - 20 s angelegt wird.Method according to one of claims 1- 3, wherein for the second sucking and / or pressing the pressure difference between the new top (25) and the new bottom (14) for 10 - 25 s, in particular 15 - 20 s is applied. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Erzeugen der Druckdifferenz mittels einer sich über die gesamte Unterseite (25) der Faserplatte (10) erstreckende Unterdruckkammer (26) erfolgt.Method according to one of claims 1 - 5, characterized in that the generation of the pressure difference by means of a over the entire underside (25) of the fiberboard (10) extending vacuum chamber (26). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Imprägniermaterial durch Aufgießen und/oder Aufsprühen auf die Oberseite (14) aufgetragen wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the impregnating material is applied by pouring and / or spraying on the top (14). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material eine Viskosität von 10 bis 80 s, gemessen in DIN, 4, Messbecher, aufweist.Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the material has a viscosity of 10 to 80 s, measured in DIN, 4, measuring cup has. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckdifferenz 0,8 bis 1,2 bar beträgt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pressure difference is 0.8 to 1.2 bar. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckdifferenz durch mindestens eine Vakuumpumpe mit einer gesamten Saugleistung von 700 bis 1200 m3/h insbesondere 800 bis 1000 m3/h auf einer Fläche von 1 m2 erfolgt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pressure difference is effected by at least one vacuum pump with a total suction power of 700 to 1200 m 3 / h, in particular 800 to 1000 m 3 / h on an area of 1 m 2 . Verfahren nach einem er Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Härtmaterial mindestens 3 mm, vorzugsweise vollständig in die Faserplatte (10) eindringt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the hardening material penetrates at least 3 mm, preferably completely into the fibreboard (10).
EP16165123.7A 2015-04-17 2016-04-13 Method for producing a fibreboard with improved mechanical and chemical properties Active EP3098043B1 (en)

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