EP3097302B1 - Fuel injector - Google Patents
Fuel injector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3097302B1 EP3097302B1 EP14819008.5A EP14819008A EP3097302B1 EP 3097302 B1 EP3097302 B1 EP 3097302B1 EP 14819008 A EP14819008 A EP 14819008A EP 3097302 B1 EP3097302 B1 EP 3097302B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- needle
- fuel injector
- recess
- armature
- injector according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
- F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
- F02M51/0682—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the body being hollow and its interior communicating with the fuel flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
- F02M2200/8053—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving mechanical deformation of the apparatus or parts thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
- F02M2200/8061—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving press-fit, i.e. interference or friction fit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
- F02M2200/8084—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving welding or soldering
Definitions
- the present invention is apparent from a fuel injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine according to the species according to the preamble of independent claim 1. More particularly, the present invention relates to a fuel injector having a solenoid actuator for directly actuating a needle body unit liftably received in an inner bore of a nozzle body to open or close at least one injection port, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,174,954 DE102010041013A1 wherein the magnetic actuator comprises a cooperating with an actuator designed as a plunger, annular magnetic coil.
- the magnetic actuator consists essentially of a magnetic coil and acting as an actuator plunger armature, which is guided radially by a so-called magnetic body.
- An annular separator of a non-magnetic material surrounding the plunger armature serves to magnetically separate a holding body received in the fuel injector from said magnet body.
- the plunger armature can essentially consist of an anchor plate and a coupler piston pressed into it, which can be hydraulically coupled via a coupler volume with the nozzle needle, so that caused by the magnetic actuator movement of the armature plate and thus of the coupler piston changes the coupler volume and in this way the Nozzle needle hydraulically operated. More specifically, the described change in the volume of the coupler affects that biased by the spring Nozzle needle so that an induced increase in the Kopplervolumens a pressure drop in the coupler volume and thus has a release of the injection openings through the nozzle needle result. In contrast, the injection openings are closed by a reduction of the coupler volume again.
- the present invention provides a fuel injector having the features of claim 1.
- Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
- the fuel injector according to the invention is used for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and has essentially a clamping nut, in which a holding body and a magnetic body are arranged, a so-called needle body unit, which consists of an anchoring needle and a nozzle needle, and one in the Clamping nut recorded magnetic actuator for direct actuation of the liftable in an inner bore of the clamping nut recorded needle body unit on the lifting movement at least one injection port is releasable or closed.
- the magnetic actuator in this case comprises an annular magnetic coil which is arranged between the holding body and the magnetic body, and acting as an actuator plunger armature which in turn comprises an armature plate and the armature needle and cooperates with the magnetic coil.
- the anchor plate and the anchoring needle consist in the fuel injector according to the invention of different metal materials and are integrally connected by a material connection.
- the anchor plate and the anchor needle preferably joined together by welding, such as by laser welding.
- the armature plate acting as the magnetic field exposed component of the magnetic actuator may be made of a soft magnetic material such as FeCo or an alloy thereof, FeCr, or generally SMC (Soft Magnetic Composites).
- the Ankernadel serving to guide the actuator of the magnetic actuator may consist of a high-strength metal material, such as the Cr-alloyed steel 100Cr6 or a high-speed steel HS6-5-2-X, that is, with any Co content.
- a 2-component plunger armature is used in the present invention, consisting of a magnetically actuated section of preferably soft magnetic metal material and a guide portion of high strength metal material.
- the movements of the armature needle and the nozzle needle are preferably directly coupled directly or with an over / under reduction.
- a soft magnetic metal material can be used, which offers advantageous properties for the magnetic circuit of the magnetic actuator to be generated. Both materials must be combined to form a component, the plunger armature, in order to form an advantageous one-piece actuator of the magnetic actuator.
- the difficult to produce compound of these fundamentally different Metal materials are preferably carried out in the fuel injector according to the invention by means of laser welding.
- the fabric bond between armature plate and anchoring needle produced thereby has the advantage that good strength in the joint can be achieved with minimal space requirements, with materials are interconnected, which are classified in principle as not weldable.
- An optimization of the seam properties between the two different metal materials, ie between the anchor plate and the armature needle can be achieved with various parameters, such as power of the laser, duration, preheating time, welding speed, etc. of the welding process.
- the anchoring needle is biased against releasing the at least one injection opening by the nozzle needle by means of a spring element which is secured with a spring plate against the magnetic body, wherein the spring plate is preferably pressed onto the anchoring needle.
- the spring plate is further preferably made of a ductile, flowable material with high elongation at break, such as stainless steel with the material number 1.4301.
- a fuel inlet bore is provided with a central recess in the holding body, wherein a serving as an inner pole of the magnetic actuator insert member is inserted with a fuel hole in the recess and connected to the holding body by a positive connection.
- a serving as an inner pole of the magnetic actuator insert member is inserted with a fuel hole in the recess and connected to the holding body by a positive connection.
- the form fit between Insert member and recess in the holding body is thereby caused by a plastic deformation of the bottom of the recess facing portion of the insert member, ie by a plastic deformation of the end face portion of the insert member, which first enters the recess when inserting the insert member in the holding body and on the Bottom of the recess meets.
- a cutting geometry also referred to as a cutting structure or simply as a cutting edge, is preferably provided at the bottom of the recess in the holding body, through which the portion of the insert member facing the bottom of the insert component during insertion the same is plastically deformed into the recess by means of a Zerspanvorgangs.
- the cutting geometry is in the present invention preferably in the form of an axially projecting from the bottom of the recess annular cutting edge, ie in the form of a so-called cutting ring, which is integrally formed with the holding body or with the bottom of the recess.
- the cutting geometry is preferably made of a harder material than the insert component.
- the described Zerspanvorgang a positive process is achieved at the inner pole of the fuel injector according to the invention.
- the inner pole is thus pressed during installation in the holding body against the cutting ring and further into the surrounding holding body, wherein peeled off by the further pressing in the direction of the Ausappelungs convinceds material from the insert member and pushed radially outward.
- a ductile, flowable metallic material is used as the material of the insert component, similar to the material of the spring plate which should also have good magnetic properties.
- the inner diameter of the recess at its bottom is greater than the inner diameter of the remaining recess, whereby a radially outwardly extending annular recess, also referred to as a groove, is formed at the bottom of the recess. Due to the press-fitting process and the associated cutting or cutting operation, the material chopped off by the insert component is pressed radially outward into the groove until it is at least partially or almost completely filled with the plastically deformed portion of the insert component. This results in the desired positive connection between Insertion component and holding body, which ensures a stable fit of the inner pole in the holding body, even with a widening of the holding body as a result of an internal pressure load by the high-pressure fuel injected through the fuel injector.
- the extrusion forces of the inner pole that is to say the forces required for detaching the inner pole from the holding body, are thus clearly above the values of a pure interference fit between holding body and inner pole.
- the aforementioned fuel inlet bore is in the holding body a central inlet bore, which passes through the holding body and serves to feed fuel.
- the central arrangement of the inlet bore has the advantage that the holding body is uniformly acted upon by high pressure and the inlet bore is limited over the circumference of a uniform wall thickness of the holding body, wherein the inlet bore in the insert component continues, which also has a central inlet bore, preferably with in the fuel flow direction narrowing inner diameter. Compared to a decentralized arrangement of the inlet bore thereby the robustness of the holding body is increased.
- the centrally arranged inlet bore is preferably indirectly connectable via at least one further bore with another body in the fuel injector, the so-called nozzle body, which is arranged at the injecting end of the fuel injector in the clamping nut in contact with the magnetic body and in the at least one injection opening is provided.
- the at least one further bore can be formed in the actuator, in the magnet body and / or in another body, which is arranged between the magnet body and the nozzle body.
- the further body is preferably a plate-shaped component which delimits a high-pressure bore of the nozzle body in the axial direction.
- the components of the needle body unit, so the armature needle and the nozzle needle two separate components which are arranged in contact with each other and cooperate with each other by means of the springs.
- a direct control for opening and closing the injection openings by means of a Movement of the actuator of the magnetic actuator achieved.
- the Ankernadel dissolves when opening the nozzle needle.
- an annular partition member between the holder body and the magnetic body may be disposed radially inside of the solenoid coil, causing magnetic separation between the inner pole and the magnetic body.
- this magnetic separation serves to ensure that the magnetic flux passes through the plunger armature into the inner pole, whereby stray fluxes are avoided.
- the armature is arranged inside the annular separating component.
- the magnetic body may also have a central bore in which the plunger is received liftable. About the magnetic body of the plunger armature thus undergoes an additional radial guidance.
- the annular separator By having the annular separator concentric with the central bore of the magnetic body and having a bore of equal diameter, the central bore of the magnetic body continues into that of the separator.
- the annular separating body can also serve the radial guidance of the actuator designed as a plunger armature.
- the clamping nut and the holding body can be connected to one another by means of a screw connection, wherein preferably the clamping nut has an internal thread and the holding body has a corresponding external thread for forming the screw connection.
- this screw connection arranged in the clamping nut components of the fuel injector can be braced against each other.
- the holding body thereby fixes the magnetic coil and the separating body between itself and the magnetic body, and further fixes the nozzle body on the magnetic body with the inside of the clamping nut, ie at the end of the clamping nut on which the nozzle body protrudes from the clamping nut, so that the injection openings after outside exposed.
- the injector concept according to the invention with its new plunger armature solution for realizing the necessary armature strokes fulfills the need for a contemporary concept for direct-operated diesel injectors with magnetic actuators. Due to the special joining method used in the present invention, space-constrained cramped conditions can be accommodated by making high use of advantageous material properties.
- the sole figure of the present invention is a sectional view of a portion of a fuel injector according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
- the illustrated in the figure fuel injector comprises a clamping nut 1 with an inner bore 11 in which a holding body 2 is inserted and is connected to the chip nut 1 by a screw, wherein the screw by an internal thread 12 on the inner circumference of the inner bore 11 and an external thread 23 is made on the outer circumference of the holding body 2.
- a magnetic body 3 and a needle body unit 4 is arranged in the clamping nut 1.
- the needle body unit 4 is formed in the preferred embodiment by an anchor needle 41 and a nozzle needle 42 which are in abutting contact with each other when the magnetic circuit is not activated and cooperate, and is guided in the clamping nut 1 in a liftable manner.
- the lifting movement of the needle body unit 4 serves to release or close injection openings (not shown) which are formed in a nozzle body 9.
- the nozzle needle 42 of the needle body unit 4 must be lifted out of a valve seat (not shown).
- a valve seat In a guide region of the nozzle needle 42 is ensuring the connection via outer peripheral side polished sections 421, which form flow channels.
- a magnetic actuator 5 which comprises an annular magnetic coil 51 which cooperates with a plunger armature 52 acting as an actuator, which is composed of an anchor plate 53 and the anchor needle 41.
- the armature plate 53 which consists of a soft magnetic material, is laser welded at an interface 521 with the anchoring needle 41 made of a high strength material.
- the plunger armature 52 is received in a liftable manner in a central bore 31 of the magnet body 3.
- the magnetic body 3 has an annular end face 32, on which the magnetic coil 51 is supported, wherein the annular end face 32 of the magnetic body 3 is designed to be stepped radially outwards.
- the magnetic body 3 forms in this way, together with the inner circumference of the inner bore 11 of the clamping nut 1, an annular groove in which the magnetic coil 51 is partially received.
- the solenoid coil 51 is also applied to the holding body 2, which has a diameter-reduced outer peripheral portion 24 for flush insertion of the magnetic coil 51.
- an annular separator 55 made of a nonmagnetic material is disposed between the holder body 2 and the magnet body 3 and bears against an annular projection 33 of the magnet body 3 which engages in the magnet coil 51.
- the annular separating body 55 is therefore surrounded by the inner circumference of the magnetic coil 51.
- Another support results from the holding body 2, which has a protruding projection 25 with reduced outer diameter. With this approach 25, the holding body 2 engages in the annular separating body 55, wherein between the holding body 2 and the plunger armature 52, a working air gap is formed.
- the holding body 2 has a recess 22 in which an insert component 54 consisting of ductile metal is inserted, which forms an inner pole of the magnetic actuator 5.
- the insert member 54 is plastically deformed when inserted into the recess 22 on a holding body 2 facing end portion 542 by a present in the form of a cutting edge cutting edge 222, the bottom 221 of the recess 22nd is provided, which deforms the bottom 221 of the recess 22 facing portion 542 of the insert member 54 when inserting the same in the recess 22 by a Zerspanvorgang plastically.
- the insert member 54 is thus pressed during installation in the holding body 2 against the cutting edge 222 in the surrounding holding body 2, wherein by the further pressing in the direction of the cutting edge 222 material from the insert member 54 is peeled off.
- An inner diameter of the recess 22 at the bottom 221 is greater than the inner diameter of the remaining recess 22 in the preferred embodiment of the injector according to the invention, whereby a radially outwardly extending groove 223 at the bottom 221 of the recess 22 is formed.
- the chipped material of the portion 542 of the insert component 54 is pressed into the groove 223 until it is at least partially or almost completely filled with the plastically deformed portion 542 of the insert component 54.
- the insert component 54 is shown in the figure in a state prior to machining, ie in the still undeformed state, in which no machining material is still present in the groove 223.
- In the insert member 54 also has a continuous, narrowing bore 541 is provided, which connects the fuel inlet bore 21 with the working gap between the holding body 2 and the magnetic body 3 and thus with the bore 531 in the anchor plate 53.
- the holding body 2 is penetrated by a central fuel inlet bore 21, which serves to feed fuel and is connected via further bores 531 and 31 to a high-pressure bore 91 of the nozzle body 9.
- the further bore 531 is arranged in the anchor plate 53 and running obliquely, ie from the center to the radially outward. It has an inner peripheral side polished section 34, which connects the central bore 21 with a magnetic body recess 35 of the magnetic body 3, which is limited nozzle needle side of a plate-shaped body 36. Alternatively, corresponding bevels may be provided on the anchoring needle 41.
- a recess 361 is provided, which connects the magnetic body recess 35 with the high-pressure bore 91 of the nozzle body 9.
- a spring 362 is further provided, which is clamped over the plate-shaped body 36 against the magnetic body 3, so that the body 36 is kept pressed constantly against the nozzle body 9.
- the armature needle 41 is held in a liftable manner in the plate-shaped body 36.
- the energization of the solenoid 51 is terminated, wherein the spring force of the spring 6, which is supported on the one hand on the magnetic body 3 and on the other hand on a spring plate 7, a provision of the plunger armature 52 causes.
- the spring plate 7 consists of a ductile metal and is pressed onto the anchor needle 41.
- the energization of the magnetic coil 51 is achieved via at least one (not shown) electrical line which is passed through the holding body 2 and terminates in an electrical connection, via which the fuel injector with a (not shown) power source is connectable.
- the illustrated fuel injector is characterized by a high degree of robustness and a precise magnetic performance.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung geht aus einem Kraftstoffinjektor zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine nach Gattung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 hervor. Genauer gesagt betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung einen Kraftstoffinjektor mit einem Magnetaktor zur direkten Betätigung einer in einer Innenbohrung eines Düsenkörpers hubbeweglich aufgenommenen Nadelkörpereinheit zum Öffnen oder Schließen zumindest einer Einspritzöffnung, wie offenbart in
Es ist auf dem Gebiet der Fahrzeugtechnik bekannt, einen Magnetaktor zur Steuerung der Hubbewegung einer Düsennadel eines Kraftstoffinjektors zu verwenden, die zum Verschließen von Einspritzöffnungen gegen diese durch eine Feder vorgespannt ist. Der Magnetaktor besteht dabei im Wesentlichen aus einer Magnetspule und einem als Stellglied wirkenden Tauchanker, der durch einen sogenannten Magnetkörper radial geführt wird. Ein ringförmiger Trennkörper aus einem nicht magnetischen Werkstoff, der den Tauchanker umgibt, dient dabei zur magnetischen Trennung eines in dem Kraftstoffinjektor aufgenommenen Haltekörpers von dem genannten Magnetkörper. Der Tauchanker kann dabei im Wesentlichen aus einer Ankerplatte und einem darin eingepressten Kopplerkolben bestehen, der über ein Kopplervolumen mit der Düsennadel hydraulisch gekoppelt sein kann, so dass eine durch den Magnetaktor hervorgerufene Bewegung der Ankerplatte und damit des Kopplerkolbens das Kopplervolumen verändert und auf diese Weise die Düsennadel hydraulisch betätigt. Genauer gesagt wirkt sich die beschriebene Veränderung des Kopplervolumens auf die mit der Feder vorgespannte Düsennadel so aus, dass eine hervorgerufene Vergrößerung des Kopplervolumens einen Druckabfall in dem Kopplervolumen und damit ein Freigeben der Einspritzöffnungen durch die Düsennadel zur Folge hat. Demgegenüber werden die Einspritzöffnungen durch eine Verkleinerung des Kopplervolumens wieder verschlossen. Problematisch bei dieser Art des Aufbaus des Kraftstoffinjektors, insbesondere des Magnetaktors, kann beispielweise die zweiteilige Ausgestaltung des Tauchankers aus Ankerplatte und eingepresstem Koppelkolben sein, da sich eine derartige Verbindung zwischen Ankerplatte und Kopplerkolben, die lediglich eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung darstellt, an einer derartigen bewegungskritischen Stelle des Tauchankers durch vielmaliges Bewegen desselben wieder lösen kann.It is known in the art of automotive engineering to use a solenoid actuator to control the lifting movement of a nozzle needle of a fuel injector which is biased to close injection ports against it by a spring. The magnetic actuator consists essentially of a magnetic coil and acting as an actuator plunger armature, which is guided radially by a so-called magnetic body. An annular separator of a non-magnetic material surrounding the plunger armature serves to magnetically separate a holding body received in the fuel injector from said magnet body. The plunger armature can essentially consist of an anchor plate and a coupler piston pressed into it, which can be hydraulically coupled via a coupler volume with the nozzle needle, so that caused by the magnetic actuator movement of the armature plate and thus of the coupler piston changes the coupler volume and in this way the Nozzle needle hydraulically operated. More specifically, the described change in the volume of the coupler affects that biased by the spring Nozzle needle so that an induced increase in the Kopplervolumens a pressure drop in the coupler volume and thus has a release of the injection openings through the nozzle needle result. In contrast, the injection openings are closed by a reduction of the coupler volume again. The problem with this type of construction of the fuel injector, in particular the Magnetaktors, for example, be the two-part design of the plunger armature of anchor plate and pressed-coupling piston, since such a connection between the armature plate and coupler piston, which is only a non-positive connection, at such a movement critical point of the Dive anchor by repeatedly moving the same can solve.
Um die vorhergehend genannten Probleme des bekannten Stands der Technik zu lösen wird durch die vorliegende Erfindung ein Kraftstoffinjektor mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 bereitgestellt. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.In order to solve the aforementioned problems of the known art, the present invention provides a fuel injector having the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Genauer gesagt dient der erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffinjektor zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine und weist dazu im Wesentlichen eine Spannmutter, in der ein Haltekörper und ein Magnetkörper angeordnet sind, eine sogenannte Nadelkörpereinheit, der aus einer Ankernadel und einer Düsennadel besteht, und einen in der Spannmutter aufgenommenen Magnetaktor zur direkten Betätigung der in einer Innenbohrung der Spannmutter hubbeweglich aufgenommenen Nadelkörpereinheit auf, über dessen Hubbewegung zumindest eine Einspritzöffnung freigebbar oder verschließbar ist. Der Magnetaktor umfasst dabei eine ringförmige Magnetspule, die zwischen dem Haltekörper und dem Magnetkörper angeordnet ist, und einen als Stellglied wirkenden Tauchanker, der wiederrum eine Ankerplatte und die Ankernadel umfasst und mit der Magnetspule zusammenwirkt. Die Ankerplatte und die Ankernadel bestehen bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffinjektor aus unterschiedlichen metallenen Werkstoffen und sind durch einen Stoffschluss einstückig miteinander verbunden. Dabei sind die Ankerplatte und die Ankernadel vorzugsweise durch Schweißen miteinander verbunden, wie zum Beispiel durch Laserschweißen. Die als dem Magnetfeld ausgesetzte Komponente des Magnetaktors wirkende Ankerplatte kann aus einem weichmagnetischen Werkstoff bestehen, wie zum Beispiel FeCo oder einer Legierung davon, FeCr, oder allgemein SMC (Soft Magnetic Composites). Die zur Führung des Stellglieds des Magnetaktors dienende Ankernadel kann aus einem hochfesten metallenen Werkstoff bestehen, wie zum Beispiel dem Cr-legierten Stahl 100Cr6 oder einem Schnellarbeitsstahl HS6-5-2-X, das heißt mit beliebigem Co-Anteil. Hier kommen entsprechend vor allem Werkstoffe infrage, mit denen sich verschleißfeste Führungen realisieren lassen, die also beispielsweise hohe Oberflächenhärten aufweisen. Daher entweder hoch vergütet oder hart beschichtet, wie zum Beispiel Nickel, DLC (Diamond-like Carbon), etc.. Ein Keramikwerkstoff ist ebenfalls denkbar. Zum Erreichen der notwendigen Kräfte für das Freigeben der Einspritzöffnungen durch die Nadelkörpereinheit und für verbesserte Führungseigenschaften des Tauchankers samt Nadelkörpereinheit in dem Kraftstoffinjektor kommt folglich bei der vorliegenden Erfindung ein 2-Komponenten-Tauchanker zum Einsatz, bestehend aus einem magnetisch betätigten Abschnitt aus vorzugsweise weichmagnetischem metallenen Werkstoff und einem Führungsabschnitt aus hochfestem metallenen Werkstoff. Durch den hochfesten und damit harten Metallwerkstoff des Führungsabschnitts kann eine gute Führungsqualität in dem Kraftstoffinjektor erzielt werden, womit ein wünschenswertes präzises Freigeben und Schließen der Einspritzöffnungen durch die Düsennadel erreicht werden kann, die direkt oder indirekt mit der Ankernadel zusammenwirkt. Abgesehen von Leckage und hydraulischen Kompressibilitäten sind die Bewegungen von Ankernadel und Düsennadel vorzugsweise direkt beziehungsweise mit einer Über-/Untersetzung direkt gekoppelt.More specifically, the fuel injector according to the invention is used for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and has essentially a clamping nut, in which a holding body and a magnetic body are arranged, a so-called needle body unit, which consists of an anchoring needle and a nozzle needle, and one in the Clamping nut recorded magnetic actuator for direct actuation of the liftable in an inner bore of the clamping nut recorded needle body unit on the lifting movement at least one injection port is releasable or closed. The magnetic actuator in this case comprises an annular magnetic coil which is arranged between the holding body and the magnetic body, and acting as an actuator plunger armature which in turn comprises an armature plate and the armature needle and cooperates with the magnetic coil. The anchor plate and the anchoring needle consist in the fuel injector according to the invention of different metal materials and are integrally connected by a material connection. Here are the anchor plate and the anchor needle preferably joined together by welding, such as by laser welding. The armature plate acting as the magnetic field exposed component of the magnetic actuator may be made of a soft magnetic material such as FeCo or an alloy thereof, FeCr, or generally SMC (Soft Magnetic Composites). The Ankernadel serving to guide the actuator of the magnetic actuator may consist of a high-strength metal material, such as the Cr-alloyed steel 100Cr6 or a high-speed steel HS6-5-2-X, that is, with any Co content. Materials that can be used to achieve wear-resistant guides, which thus have, for example, high surface hardness, come into question here in particular. Therefore, either highly tempered or hard coated, such as nickel, DLC (diamond-like carbon), etc .. A ceramic material is also conceivable. In order to achieve the necessary forces for releasing the injection openings through the needle body unit and for improved guiding properties of the plunger anchor including needle body unit in the fuel injector, a 2-component plunger armature is used in the present invention, consisting of a magnetically actuated section of preferably soft magnetic metal material and a guide portion of high strength metal material. Due to the high-strength and thus hard metal material of the guide portion, a good leadership quality can be achieved in the fuel injector, whereby a desirable precise releasing and closing of the injection openings can be achieved through the nozzle needle, which cooperates directly or indirectly with the armature needle. Apart from leakage and hydraulic compressibilities, the movements of the armature needle and the nozzle needle are preferably directly coupled directly or with an over / under reduction.
Im Magnetkreis kann ein weichmagnetischer Metallwerkstoff zum Einsatz kommen, der vorteilhafte Eigenschaften für den zu erzeugenden Magnetkreislauf des Magnetaktors bietet. Beide Werkstoffe müssen zu einem Bauteil, dem Tauchanker, zusammengefügt werden, um ein vorteilhaftes einstückiges Stellglied des Magnetaktors zu bilden. Die nur schwierig herzustellende Verbindung dieser grundlegend verschiedenen Metallwerkstoffe erfolgt bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffinjektor vorzugsweise mittels Laserschweißen. Der dadurch hergestellte Stoffschluss zwischen Ankerplatte und Ankernadel hat den Vorteil, dass gute Festigkeiten in der Fügestelle bei minimalem Platzbedarf erreicht werden können, wobei Werkstoffe miteinander verbunden werden, die prinzipiell als nicht schweißbar eingestuft sind. Eine Optimierung der Nahteigenschaften zwischen den beiden unterschiedlichen Metallwerkstoffen, also zwischen der Ankerplatte und der Ankernadel lässt sich mit diversen Parametern, wie zum Beispiel Leistung des Lasers, Dauer, Vorwärmzeit, Schweißgeschwindigkeit, etc. des Schweißvorgangs erreichen.In the magnetic circuit, a soft magnetic metal material can be used, which offers advantageous properties for the magnetic circuit of the magnetic actuator to be generated. Both materials must be combined to form a component, the plunger armature, in order to form an advantageous one-piece actuator of the magnetic actuator. The difficult to produce compound of these fundamentally different Metal materials are preferably carried out in the fuel injector according to the invention by means of laser welding. The fabric bond between armature plate and anchoring needle produced thereby has the advantage that good strength in the joint can be achieved with minimal space requirements, with materials are interconnected, which are classified in principle as not weldable. An optimization of the seam properties between the two different metal materials, ie between the anchor plate and the armature needle can be achieved with various parameters, such as power of the laser, duration, preheating time, welding speed, etc. of the welding process.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Ankernadel gegen ein Freigeben der zumindest einen Einspritzöffnung durch die Düsennadel mittels eines Federelements vorgespannt, das mit einer Federteller gegen den Magnetkörper gesichert ist, wobei der Federteller vorzugsweise auf die Ankernadel aufgepresst ist. Der Federteller besteht dabei weiter vorzugsweise aus einem duktilen, fließfähigen Werkstoff mit hoher Bruchdehnung, wie zum Beispiel Edelstahl mit der Werkstoff-Nummer 1.4301. Durch die damit erreichte kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Federteller und der Ankernadel können verschiedene Einstellungen des Kraftstoffinjektors verbessert vorgenommen werden. Beispielsweise kann mittels einer Aufpressvorrichtung der Aufpressweg des Federtellers auf die Ankernadel vorgegeben und damit die gewünschte Vorspannkraft der Feder eingestellt werden. Durch die Wahl eines duktilen Werkstoffs mit hoher Bruchdehnung können ferner großzügige Passungen und entsprechende Übermaße gewählt werden, da entsprechende plastische Verformungen möglich sind.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anchoring needle is biased against releasing the at least one injection opening by the nozzle needle by means of a spring element which is secured with a spring plate against the magnetic body, wherein the spring plate is preferably pressed onto the anchoring needle. The spring plate is further preferably made of a ductile, flowable material with high elongation at break, such as stainless steel with the material number 1.4301. By thus achieved frictional connection between the spring plate and the anchor needle different settings of the fuel injector can be made improved. For example, by means of a pressing device, the pressing-on path of the spring plate can be predefined on the anchoring needle, and thus the desired pretensioning force of the spring can be set. By choosing a ductile material with a high elongation at break, it is also possible to choose generous fits and corresponding oversizes, since corresponding plastic deformations are possible.
Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Kraftstoffzulaufbohrung mit einer zentralen Ausnehmung in dem Haltekörper vorgesehen, wobei ein als Innenpol des Magnetaktors wirkendes Einsatzbauteil mit einer Kraftstoffbohrung in der Ausnehmung eingesetzt und mit dem Haltekörper durch einen Formschluss verbunden ist. Auf diese Weise kann eine verbesserte Verbindung zwischen Innenpol und Haltekörper erzielt werden. Der Formschluss zwischen Einsatzbauteil und Ausnehmung in dem Haltekörper wird dabei durch eine plastische Verformung eines dem Boden der Ausnehmung zugewandten Abschnitts des Einsatzbauteils hervorgerufen, also durch eine plastische Verformung des Stirnseitenabschnitts des Einsatzbauteils, das bei einem Einsetzen des Einsatzbauteils in den Haltekörper zuerst in die Ausnehmung eintritt und auf den Boden der Ausnehmung trifft. Um die plastische Verformung des Einsatzbauteils an deren dem Haltekörper zugewandten Stirnseite zu erzielen ist vorzugsweise eine Schneidengeometrie, auch als Schneidenstruktur oder einfach als Schneide bezeichnet, am Boden der Ausnehmung in dem Haltekörper vorgesehen, durch die der dem Boden der Ausnehmung zugewandter Abschnitt des Einsatzbauteils beim Einsetzen desselben in die Ausnehmung mittels eines Zerspanvorgangs plastisch verformt wird. Die Schneidengeometrie liegt bei der vorliegenden Erfindung vorzugsweise in Form einer vom Boden der Ausnehmung axial hervorstehenden ringförmigen Schneide vor, also in Form eines sogenannten Schneidrings, der einstückig mit dem Haltekörper beziehungsweise mit dem Boden der Ausnehmung ausgebildet ist. Die Schneidengeometrie besteht dabei vorzugsweise aus einem härteren Werkstoff als das Einsatzbauteil. Durch den beschriebenen Zerspanvorgang wird ein formschlüssiger Prozess beim Innenpol des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffinjektors erzielt. Der Innenpol wird also beim Einbau in den Haltekörper gegen den Schneidring und weiter in den umgebenden Haltekörper gepresst, wobei durch das Weiterpressen in Richtung des Ausnehmungsbodens Material vom Einsatzbauteil abgeschält und radial nach außen geschoben wird. Vorzugsweise wird als Werkstoff des Einsatzbauteils ein duktiler, fließfähiger metallener Werkstoff eingesetzt, ähnlich dem Werkstoff des Federtellers der ferner gute magnetische Eigenschaften haben soll. Erfindungsgemäß ist der Innendurchmesser der Ausnehmung an deren Boden größer als der Innendurchmesser der restlichen Ausnehmung, wodurch eine radial nach außen gehende ringförmige Aussparung, auch als Nut bezeichnet, am Boden der Ausnehmung entsteht. Durch den Einpressvorgang und den dazugehörigen Schneid- beziehungsweise Zerspanvorgang wird das vom Einsatzbauteil abgespante Material radial nach außen in die Nut gedrückt, bis diese zumindest teilweise oder fast vollständig mit dem plastisch verformten Abschnitt des Einsatzbauteils gefüllt ist. Damit ergibt sich die gewünschte formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen Einsatzbauteil und Haltekörper, die für einen stabilen Sitz des Innenpols im Haltekörper sorgt, auch bei einer Aufweitung des Haltekörpers infolge einer Innendruckbelastung durch den mit Hochdruck durch den Kraftstoffinjektor geführten Kraftstoff. Die Auspresskräfte des Innenpols, also die zum Herauslösen des Innenpols aus dem Haltekörper nötigen Kräfte liegen damit deutlich über den Werten einer reinen Presspassung zwischen Haltekörper und Innenpol.According to the invention, a fuel inlet bore is provided with a central recess in the holding body, wherein a serving as an inner pole of the magnetic actuator insert member is inserted with a fuel hole in the recess and connected to the holding body by a positive connection. In this way, an improved connection between the inner pole and the holding body can be achieved. The form fit between Insert member and recess in the holding body is thereby caused by a plastic deformation of the bottom of the recess facing portion of the insert member, ie by a plastic deformation of the end face portion of the insert member, which first enters the recess when inserting the insert member in the holding body and on the Bottom of the recess meets. In order to achieve the plastic deformation of the insert component on its end face facing the holding body, a cutting geometry, also referred to as a cutting structure or simply as a cutting edge, is preferably provided at the bottom of the recess in the holding body, through which the portion of the insert member facing the bottom of the insert component during insertion the same is plastically deformed into the recess by means of a Zerspanvorgangs. The cutting geometry is in the present invention preferably in the form of an axially projecting from the bottom of the recess annular cutting edge, ie in the form of a so-called cutting ring, which is integrally formed with the holding body or with the bottom of the recess. The cutting geometry is preferably made of a harder material than the insert component. The described Zerspanvorgang a positive process is achieved at the inner pole of the fuel injector according to the invention. The inner pole is thus pressed during installation in the holding body against the cutting ring and further into the surrounding holding body, wherein peeled off by the further pressing in the direction of the Ausnehmungsbodens material from the insert member and pushed radially outward. Preferably, a ductile, flowable metallic material is used as the material of the insert component, similar to the material of the spring plate which should also have good magnetic properties. According to the invention, the inner diameter of the recess at its bottom is greater than the inner diameter of the remaining recess, whereby a radially outwardly extending annular recess, also referred to as a groove, is formed at the bottom of the recess. Due to the press-fitting process and the associated cutting or cutting operation, the material chopped off by the insert component is pressed radially outward into the groove until it is at least partially or almost completely filled with the plastically deformed portion of the insert component. This results in the desired positive connection between Insertion component and holding body, which ensures a stable fit of the inner pole in the holding body, even with a widening of the holding body as a result of an internal pressure load by the high-pressure fuel injected through the fuel injector. The extrusion forces of the inner pole, that is to say the forces required for detaching the inner pole from the holding body, are thus clearly above the values of a pure interference fit between holding body and inner pole.
Die vorhergehend genannte Kraftstoffzulaufbohrung stellt bei dem Haltekörper eine zentrale Zulaufbohrung dar, die den Haltekörper durchsetzt und zum Zulauf von Kraftstoff dient. Die zentrale Anordnung der Zulaufbohrung hat den Vorteil, dass der Haltekörper gleichmäßig von Hochdruck beaufschlagt wird und die Zulaufbohrung über den Umfang von einer einheitlichen Wandstärke des Haltekörpers begrenzt wird, wobei sich die Zulaufbohrung in dem Einsatzbauteil fortsetzt, das ebenfalls eine zentrale Zulaufbohrung aufweist, vorzugsweise mit sich in Kraftstoffströmungsrichtung verengenden Innendurchmesser. Gegenüber einer dezentralen Anordnung der Zulaufbohrung wird dadurch die Robustheit des Haltekörpers gesteigert. Um den Zulauf von Kraftstoff zu gewährleisten ist die zentral angeordnete Zulaufbohrung vorzugsweise mittelbar über wenigstens eine weitere Bohrung mit einem weiteren Körper in dem Kraftstoffinjektor verbindbar, dem sogenannten Düsenkörper, der am einspritzenden Ende des Kraftstoffinjektors in der Spannmutter in Anlage an den Magnetkörper angeordnet ist und in dem die zumindest einen Einspritzöffnung vorgesehen ist. Die wenigstens eine weitere Bohrung kann hierzu im Stellglied, im Magnetkörper und/oder in einem weiteren Körper ausgebildet sein, welcher zwischen dem Magnetkörper und dem Düsenkörper angeordnet ist. Bei dem weiteren Körper handelt es sich vorzugsweise um ein plattenförmiges Bauteil, das eine Hochdruckbohrung des Düsenkörpers in axialer Richtung begrenzt.The aforementioned fuel inlet bore is in the holding body a central inlet bore, which passes through the holding body and serves to feed fuel. The central arrangement of the inlet bore has the advantage that the holding body is uniformly acted upon by high pressure and the inlet bore is limited over the circumference of a uniform wall thickness of the holding body, wherein the inlet bore in the insert component continues, which also has a central inlet bore, preferably with in the fuel flow direction narrowing inner diameter. Compared to a decentralized arrangement of the inlet bore thereby the robustness of the holding body is increased. To ensure the supply of fuel, the centrally arranged inlet bore is preferably indirectly connectable via at least one further bore with another body in the fuel injector, the so-called nozzle body, which is arranged at the injecting end of the fuel injector in the clamping nut in contact with the magnetic body and in the at least one injection opening is provided. For this purpose, the at least one further bore can be formed in the actuator, in the magnet body and / or in another body, which is arranged between the magnet body and the nozzle body. The further body is preferably a plate-shaped component which delimits a high-pressure bore of the nozzle body in the axial direction.
Weiter vorzugsweise sind bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffinjektor die Bauteile der Nadelkörpereinheit, also die Ankernadel und die Düsennadel zwei separate Bauteile, die in Anlage zueinander angeordnet sind und mittels der Federn etc. miteinander zusammenwirken. Dadurch wird eine direkte Ansteuerung zum Öffnen und Schließen der Einspritzöffnungen mittels einer Bewegung des Stellglieds des Magnetaktors erreicht. Die Ankernadel löst sich beim Öffnen von der Düsennadel.Further preferably, in the fuel injector according to the invention, the components of the needle body unit, so the armature needle and the nozzle needle two separate components which are arranged in contact with each other and cooperate with each other by means of the springs. As a result, a direct control for opening and closing the injection openings by means of a Movement of the actuator of the magnetic actuator achieved. The Ankernadel dissolves when opening the nozzle needle.
Ferner kann bei dem Kraftstoffinjektor gemäß der Erfindung ein ringförmiges Trennbauteil zwischen dem Haltekörper und dem Magnetkörper radial innerhalb der Magnetspule angeordnet sein, das eine magnetische Trennung zwischen Innenpol und Magnetkörper bewirkt. Im Betrieb des Kraftstoffinjektors dient diese magnetische Trennung dazu, dass der Magnetfluss durch den Tauchanker in den Innenpol verläuft, wobei Streuflüsse vermieden werden. Der Anker ist dabei innerhalb des ringförmigen Trennbauteils angeordnet. Der Magnetkörper kann darüber hinaus eine zentrale Bohrung aufweisen, in der der Tauchanker hubbeweglich aufgenommen ist. Über den Magnetkörper erfährt der Tauchanker somit eine zusätzliche radiale Führung. Indem der ringförmige Trennkörper konzentrisch zur zentralen Bohrung des Magnetkörpers angeordnet ist und eine Bohrung gleichen Durchmessers besitzt, setzt sich die zentrale Bohrung des Magnetkörpers in der des Trennkörpers fort. In diesem Fall kann der ringförmige Trennkörper ebenfalls der radialen Führung des als Tauchanker ausgebildeten Stellgliedes dienen.Further, in the fuel injector according to the invention, an annular partition member between the holder body and the magnetic body may be disposed radially inside of the solenoid coil, causing magnetic separation between the inner pole and the magnetic body. During operation of the fuel injector, this magnetic separation serves to ensure that the magnetic flux passes through the plunger armature into the inner pole, whereby stray fluxes are avoided. The armature is arranged inside the annular separating component. The magnetic body may also have a central bore in which the plunger is received liftable. About the magnetic body of the plunger armature thus undergoes an additional radial guidance. By having the annular separator concentric with the central bore of the magnetic body and having a bore of equal diameter, the central bore of the magnetic body continues into that of the separator. In this case, the annular separating body can also serve the radial guidance of the actuator designed as a plunger armature.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffinjektors können die Spannmutter und der Haltekörper mittels einer Schraubenverbindung miteinander verbunden sein, wobei vorzugsweise die Spannmutter ein Innengewinde und der Haltekörper ein entsprechendes Außengewinde zum Ausbilden der Schraubenverbindung aufweisen. Durch diese Schraubverbindung können die in der Spannmutter angeordneten Bauteile des Kraftstoffinjektors gegeneinander verspannt werden. Der Haltekörper fixiert dabei die Magnetspule sowie den Trennkörper zwischen sich und dem Magnetkörper, und fixiert weiterhin den Düsenkörper über den Magnetkörper mit der Innenseite der Spannmutter, also an dem Ende der Spannmutter, an dem der Düsenkörper aus der Spannmutter hervorsteht, so dass die Einspritzöffnungen nach außen hin freiliegen.In a further preferred embodiment of the fuel injector according to the invention, the clamping nut and the holding body can be connected to one another by means of a screw connection, wherein preferably the clamping nut has an internal thread and the holding body has a corresponding external thread for forming the screw connection. By this screw connection arranged in the clamping nut components of the fuel injector can be braced against each other. The holding body thereby fixes the magnetic coil and the separating body between itself and the magnetic body, and further fixes the nozzle body on the magnetic body with the inside of the clamping nut, ie at the end of the clamping nut on which the nozzle body protrudes from the clamping nut, so that the injection openings after outside exposed.
Das erfindungsgemäße Injektorkonzept erfüllt mit seiner neuen Tauchankerlösung zur Realisierung der notwendigen Ankerhübe den Bedarf nach einem zeitgemäßen Konzept für direktgesteuerte Dieselinjektoren mit Magnetaktorik. Aufgrund der bei der vorliegenden Erfindung zum Einsatz kommenden speziellen Fügeverfahren kann den bauraumbedingten beengten Verhältnissen unter hoher Ausnutzung vorteilhafter Werkstoffeigenschaften Rechnung getragen werden.The injector concept according to the invention with its new plunger armature solution for realizing the necessary armature strokes fulfills the need for a contemporary concept for direct-operated diesel injectors with magnetic actuators. Due to the special joining method used in the present invention, space-constrained cramped conditions can be accommodated by making high use of advantageous material properties.
Die einzige Figur der vorliegenden Erfindung zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung eines Teils eines Kraftstoffinjektors gemäß der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung.The sole figure of the present invention is a sectional view of a portion of a fuel injector according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Der in der Figur dargestellte Kraftstoffinjektor gemäß der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfasst eine Spannmutter 1 mit einer Innenbohrung 11, in der ein Haltekörper 2 eingesetzt ist und mit der Spanmutter 1 durch eine Schraubverbindung verbunden ist, wobei die Schraubverbindung durch ein Innengewinde 12 am Innenumfang der Innenbohrung 11 und ein Außengewinde 23 am Außenumfang des Haltekörpers 2 hergestellt ist. Ferner ist in der Spannmutter 1 ein Magnetkörper 3 sowie eine Nadelkörpereinheit 4 angeordnet. Die Nadelkörpereinheit 4 ist in dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel durch eine Ankernadel 41 und eine Düsennadel 42 ausgebildet, die bei nicht aktiviertem Magnetkreis miteinander in Anlagekontakt stehen und zusammenwirken, und ist in der Spannmutter 1 hubbeweglich geführt. Die Hubbewegung der Nadelkörpereinheit 4 dient der Freigabe oder dem Verschließen von (nicht gezeigten) Einspritzöffnungen, die in einem Düsenkörper 9 ausgebildet sind. Zum Freigeben der Einspritzöffnungen muss die Düsennadel 42 der Nadelkörpereinheit 4 aus einem (nicht gezeigten) Ventilsitz gehoben werden. In einem Führungsbereich der Düsennadel 42 wird die Verbindung über außenumfangseitige Anschliffe 421 sichergestellt, die Strömungskanäle ausbilden.The illustrated in the figure fuel injector according to the preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a clamping nut 1 with an
Zur Betätigung der Düsennadel 42 ist ein Magnetaktor 5 vorgesehen, der eine ringförmige Magnetspule 51 umfasst, die mit einem als Stellglied wirkenden Tauchanker 52 zusammenwirkt, welcher aus einer Ankerplatte 53 und der Ankernadel 41 aufgebaut ist. Die Ankerplatte 53, die aus einem weichmagnetischen Werkstoff besteht, ist an einer Nahtstelle 521 mit der aus einem hochfesten Werkstoff hergestellten Ankernadel 41 laserverschweißt. Der Tauchanker 52 ist in einer zentralen Bohrung 31 des Magnetkörpers 3 hubbeweglich aufgenommen. Der Magnetkörper 3 besitzt eine ringförmige Stirnfläche 32, an welcher die Magnetspule 51 abgestützt ist, wobei die ringförmige Stirnfläche 32 des Magnetkörpers 3 radial nach außen abgestuft ausgeführt ist. Der Magnetkörper 3 bildet auf diese Weise zusammen mit dem Innenumfang der Innenbohrung 11 der Spannmutter 1 eine ringförmige Nut aus, in der die Magnetspule 51 teilweise aufgenommen ist. Die Magnetspule 51 liegt ferner an dem Haltekörper 2 an, der zum bündigen Einlassen der Magnetspule 51 einen durchmesserreduzierten Außenumfangsabschnitt 24 besitzt. Zur Vermeidung von magnetischen Streuflüssen ist zwischen dem Haltekörper 2 und dem Magnetkörper 3 ein ringförmiger Trennkörper 55 aus einem nichtmagnetischen Werkstoff angeordnet, welcher an einem in die Magnetspule 51 eingreifenden ringförmigen Ansatz 33 des Magnetkörpers 3 anliegt. Der ringförmige Trennkörper 55 ist demnach vom Innenumfang der Magnetspule 51 umgeben. Eine weitere Abstützung ergibt sich über den Haltekörper 2, der einen vorstehenden Ansatz 25 mit reduziertem Außendurchmesser besitzt. Mit diesem Ansatz 25 greift der Haltekörper 2 in den ringförmigen Trennkörper 55 ein, wobei zwischen dem Haltekörper 2 und dem Tauchanker 52 ein Arbeitsluftspalt ausgebildet wird.To actuate the
Ferner weist der Haltekörper 2 eine Ausnehmung 22 auf, in der ein aus duktilem Metall bestehendes Einsatzbauteil 54 eingesetzt ist, das einen Innenpol des Magnetaktors 5 ausbildet. Das Einsatzbauteil 54 wird beim Einsetzen in die Ausnehmung 22 an einem dem Haltekörper 2 zugewandten stirnseitigen Abschnitt 542 durch eine in Form eines Schneidring vorliegende Schneide 222 plastisch verformt, der am Boden 221 der Ausnehmung 22 vorgesehen ist., wobei diese den dem Boden 221 der Ausnehmung 22 zugewandten Abschnitt 542 des Einsatzbauteils 54 beim Einsetzen desselben in die Ausnehmung 22 durch einen Zerspanvorgang plastisch verformt. Das Einsatzbauteil 54 wird also beim Einbau in den Haltekörper 2 gegen die Schneide 222 im umgebenden Haltekörper 2 gepresst, wobei durch das Weiterpressen in Richtung der Schneide 222 Material vom Einsatzbauteil 54 abgeschält wird. Ein Innendurchmesser der Ausnehmung 22 an deren Boden 221 ist in der bevorzugten Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Injektors größer als der Innendurchmesser der restlichen Ausnehmung 22, wodurch eine radial nach außen gehende Nut 223 am Boden 221 der Ausnehmung 22 entsteht. Durch den Einpressvorgang des Einsatzbauteils 54 in den Haltekörper 2 und den dazugehörigen Zerspanvorgang wird das zerspante Material des Abschnitts 542 des Einsatzbauteils 54 in die Nut 223 gedrückt, bis diese zumindest teilweise oder fast vollständig mit dem plastisch verformten Abschnitt 542 des Einsatzbauteils 54 gefüllt ist. Damit ergibt sich eine formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen Einsatzbauteil 54 und Haltekörper 2, die für einen stabilen Sitz des Innenpols 54 im Haltekörper 2 sorgt. Das Einsatzbauteil 54 ist in der Figur in einem Zustand vor dem Zerspanen gezeigt, also im noch unverformten Zustand, in dem noch kein Zerspanmaterial in der Nut 223 vorhanden ist. In dem Einsatzbauteil 54 ist zudem eine durchgehende, sich verengende Bohrung 541 vorgesehen, die die Kraftstoffzulaufbohrung 21 mit dem Arbeitsspalt zwischen Haltekörper 2 und Magnetkörper 3 und damit mit der Bohrung 531 in der Ankerplatte 53 verbindet.Furthermore, the holding
Der Haltekörper 2 ist von einer zentralen Kraftstoffzulaufbohrung 21 durchsetzt, die dem Zulauf von Kraftstoff dient und über weitere Bohrungen 531 und 31 mit einer Hochdruckbohrung 91 des Düsenkörpers 9 verbunden ist. Die weitere Bohrung 531 ist in der Ankerplatte 53 angeordnet und schräg verlaufend ausgeführt, d.h. von der Mitte nach radial außen. Sie mündet seitlich in die zentrale Bohrung 31 des Magnetkörpers 3. Dieser weist einen innenumfangseitige Anschliff 34 auf, der die zentrale Bohrung 21 mit einer Magnetkörperaussparung 35 des Magnetkörpers 3 verbindet, welche düsennadelseitig von einem plattenförmigen Körper 36 begrenzt wird. Alternativ dazu können entsprechende Anschliffe auf der Ankernadel 41 vorgesehen sein. In diesem Körper 36 ist eine Aussparung 361 vorgesehen, welche die Magnetkörperaussparung 35 mit der Hochdruckbohrung 91 des Düsenkörpers 9 verbindet.The holding
Um eine direkte Betätigung der Düsennadel 42 über den Magnetaktor 5 zu ermöglichen ist ferner eine Feder 362 vorgesehen, die über den plattenförmigen Körper 36 gegen den Magnetkörper 3 verspannt ist, so dass der Körper 36 konstant gegen den Düsenkörper 9 gedrückt gehalten wird. Die Ankernadel 41 ist in dem plattenförmigen Körper 36 hubbeweglich gehalten. Wenn die Magnetspule 51 bestromt wird, wird die Ankerplatte 53 zusammen mit der Ankernadel 41 in Richtung der Magnetspule 51 angehoben und überwindet die Federkraft einer Feder 6, wodurch die Einspritzöffnungen geöffnet werden. Zur Beendigung des Einspritzvorgangs wird die Bestromung der Magnetspule 51 beendet, wobei die Federkraft der Feder 6, welche einerseits am Magnetkörper 3 und andererseits an einem Federteller 7 abgestützt ist, eine Rückstellung des Tauchankers 52 bewirkt. Der Federteller 7 besteht dabei aus einem duktilen Metall und ist auf die Ankernadel 41 aufgepresst.In order to enable a direct actuation of the
Die Bestromung der Magnetspule 51 wird über wenigstens eine (nicht gezeigte) elektrische Leitung erzielt, die durch den Haltekörper 2 hindurchgeführt ist und in einem elektrischen Anschluss endet, über den der Kraftstoffinjektor mit einer (nicht dargestellten) Stromquelle verbindbar ist. Der dargestellte Kraftstoffinjektor zeichnet sich durch eine hohe Robustheit und eine präzise magnetische Performance aus.The energization of the
Claims (11)
- Fuel injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, having a clamping nut (1) in which a holding body (2) and a magnet body (3) are arranged, having a needle body unit (4) which is composed of an armature needle (41) and of a nozzle needle (42), and having a magnetic actuator (5) which is received in the clamping nut (1) and which serves for directly actuating the needle body unit (4) which is received, such that it can perform stroke movements, in an internal bore (11) of the clamping nut (1), by means of the stroke movement of which needle body unit at least one injection opening can be opened up or closed, wherein the magnetic actuator (5) has a ring-shaped magnet coil (51), which is arranged between the holding body (2) and the magnet body (3), and a plunger (52) which acts as actuating element, and the plunger (52) has an armature plate (53) and the armature needle (41) and interacts with the magnet coil (51), wherein the armature plate (53) and the armature needle (41) are composed of different materials and are connected to one another as a single piece by cohesion, characterized in that a fuel feed bore (21) with a central recess (22) is provided in the holding body (2), and an insert component (54) which acts as inner pole of the magnetic actuator and which has a bore (541) is inserted in the recess (22) and is connected to the holding body (2) by positive locking which arises as a result of a plastic deformation of a portion (542), facing towards the base (221) of the recess (22), of the insert component (54), wherein the internal diameter of the recess (22) at its base (221) is greater than the internal diameter of the rest of the recess (22), and thus a radially outwardly extending annular groove (223) is formed at the base of the recess (22), which groove is at least partially filled with the plastically deformed portion (542) of the insert component (54).
- Fuel injector according to Claim 1, wherein the armature plate (53) and the armature needle (41) are connected to one another by welding, preferably by laser welding.
- Fuel injector according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the armature plate (53) is composed of a magnetically soft material and the armature needle (41) is composed of a high-strength material.
- Fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the armature needle (41) is preloaded, so as to prevent the at least one injection opening being opened up by the nozzle needle (42), by means of a spring (6) which is secured with a spring plate (7) against the magnet body (3), wherein the spring plate (7) is preferably pressed onto the armature needle (41).
- Fuel injector according to Claim 4, wherein the spring plate (7) is composed of a ductile material with a high elongation at fracture.
- Fuel injector according to Claim 1, wherein a cutting edge (222) is provided on the base (221) of the recess (22), by means of which cutting edge that portion (542) of the insert component (54) which faces towards the base (221) of the recess (22) is plastically deformed as it is inserted into the recess (22), wherein the cutting edge (222) is preferably present in the form of an annular cutting edge (222) which protrudes from the base (221) of the recess (22).
- Fuel injector according to Claim 6, wherein the cutting edge (222) is composed of a harder material than the insert component (54).
- Fuel injector according to either of Claims 6 and 7, wherein the insert component (54) is preferably composed of a ductile metallic material.
- Fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the armature needle (41) and the nozzle needle (42) are operatively connected to one another.
- Fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, wherein an annular separating body (55) is arranged between the holding body (2) and the magnet body (3) radially within the magnet coil (51).
- Fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping nut (1) and the holding body (2) are connected to one another by means of a screw connection, wherein the clamping nut (1) preferably has an internal thread (12) and the holding body (2) has a corresponding external thread (23) for forming the screw connection.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014200884.0A DE102014200884A1 (en) | 2014-01-20 | 2014-01-20 | fuel injector |
PCT/EP2014/079051 WO2015106937A1 (en) | 2014-01-20 | 2014-12-22 | Fuel injector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3097302A1 EP3097302A1 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
EP3097302B1 true EP3097302B1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
Family
ID=52146510
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14819008.5A Not-in-force EP3097302B1 (en) | 2014-01-20 | 2014-12-22 | Fuel injector |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3097302B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105917109B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014200884A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015106937A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3053409A1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-05 | Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.A R.L. | FUEL INJECTOR |
DE102019121538A1 (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-11 | Liebherr-Components Deggendorf Gmbh | Seat plate for an injector and method for producing such a seat plate |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015106934A1 (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-07-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4229730A1 (en) * | 1992-09-05 | 1994-03-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Electromagnetically actuated fuel injector |
US5667194A (en) * | 1995-12-11 | 1997-09-16 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Armature needle valve assembly having plastic connecting means |
DE102007008863A1 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2008-08-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
CN101539084B (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2010-12-29 | 天津大学 | Common rail electronic control jet apparatus |
DE102010002646A1 (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2011-09-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | fuel injector |
DE102010041013A1 (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2012-03-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | fuel injector |
DE102012220856A1 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector with magnetic actuator |
-
2014
- 2014-01-20 DE DE102014200884.0A patent/DE102014200884A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-12-22 WO PCT/EP2014/079051 patent/WO2015106937A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-12-22 EP EP14819008.5A patent/EP3097302B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-12-22 CN CN201480073689.9A patent/CN105917109B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015106934A1 (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-07-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105917109A (en) | 2016-08-31 |
EP3097302A1 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
DE102014200884A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
CN105917109B (en) | 2019-04-02 |
WO2015106937A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
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