EP3095119B1 - Actionneur électromagnétique et dynamique pour supports actifs de groupe - Google Patents

Actionneur électromagnétique et dynamique pour supports actifs de groupe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3095119B1
EP3095119B1 EP15700137.1A EP15700137A EP3095119B1 EP 3095119 B1 EP3095119 B1 EP 3095119B1 EP 15700137 A EP15700137 A EP 15700137A EP 3095119 B1 EP3095119 B1 EP 3095119B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
magnetic core
magnetic
actuator
longitudinal axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15700137.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3095119A1 (fr
Inventor
Maik Wiesner
Markus Wannags
Stefan Loheide
Michael Pantke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boge Elastmetall GmbH
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Boge Elastmetall GmbH
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Publication of EP3095119A1 publication Critical patent/EP3095119A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/085—Yoke or polar piece between coil bobbin and armature having a gap, e.g. filled with nonmagnetic material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electromagnetic and dynamic actuator for active unit bearings, in particular for motor bearings, comprising an electrically conductive cylindrical coil, a first magnetic core of ferromagnetic material, a second magnetic core of ferromagnetic material and at least one permanent magnet, wherein the first and second magnetic core relative to each other in Direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil are arranged displaceably.
  • a goal in the development of engines is to provide actuator concepts for unit bearings, which can adjust the bearing stiffness in a frequency-selective manner via a dynamic control as well as change the phase of an occurring vibration.
  • these actuator concepts should be optimized with regard to production and assembly.
  • Active aggregate bearings are known from the prior art, which have polarized electromagnets.
  • an electrodynamic actuator with oscillating spring mass system which consists of a conductive coil and a permanent magnet.
  • the electrically conductive coil is arranged inside a radially magnetized ring magnet. Together permanent magnet and coil form a vibratory spring-mass system.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an actuator available, the structure over the prior art with respect to readiness and mountability is improved and can be operated in addition with a hub-independent linear magnetic force / current characteristic.
  • the actuator for motor bearings comprises an electrically conductive cylindrical coil, a first magnetic core of ferromagnetic material, a second magnetic core of ferromagnetic material and at least one permanent magnet.
  • the first and the second magnetic core are arranged displaceable relative to one another in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil. It is essential that the first magnetic core substantially encloses the cylindrical coil and is interrupted by a nonmagnetic separating element on a side of the cylindrical coil facing the permanent magnet. It is also essential that the permanent magnet is at least simply interrupted in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil and thus has at least two parts.
  • non-magnetic separating element denotes a recess which preferably passes through or interrupts the first magnetic core.
  • This recess is filled with a material having a high magnetic resistance, that is, a relative permeability in the order of ⁇ r ⁇ 1. It is within the scope of the invention that the recess is filled with air.
  • the recess does not completely interrupt the first magnetic core. It is essential here that the magnetic resistance increases due to the reduction in the cross-section of the first magnet core caused by the recess.
  • the reduction of the material cross-section increases with decreasing distance from the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil, in particular in such a way that remains on the second magnetic core side facing a saturable web or residual web of the first magnetic core.
  • the reduction of the material cross section of the first magnetic core such that even at a low magnetic flux in the remaining saturation web of the first magnetic core, a magnetic saturation and the relative permeability of ⁇ r ⁇ 1 is achieved. It is advantageous here that the assembly is simplified and the second magnetic core with the residual web in each case faces a flush surface of the first magnetic core.
  • At least simply interrupted means that the permanent magnet consists of at least two parts, which are spatially separated or spaced apart from one another.
  • the at least two parts of the permanent magnet are according to the invention formed interrupted in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil and spaced from each other accordingly.
  • the permanent magnet is formed in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil of exactly two parts. This facilitates the assembly of the actuator and allows a more compact and robust design.
  • a preferred embodiment of the actuator according to the invention is characterized in that the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is magnetized substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil, preferably diametrically.
  • the parts of the permanent magnet are formed as radially magnetized ring magnets, which are arranged parallel to each other in two different planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil and whose magnetization is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the coil.
  • the parts of the permanent magnet have the same polarity, that is, the orientations of the magnetic north pole and the magnetic south pole coincide.
  • An alternative embodiment of the actuator according to the invention is characterized in that the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil, d. H. is axially oriented.
  • the at least two parts of the permanent magnet are arranged radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil in the second magnetic core.
  • a radial arrangement of the permanent magnets means that the main expansion direction of the at least two parts of the permanent magnet extends in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil.
  • the at least two parts of the permanent magnet are arranged with their Feldausdehnungsraum at an arbitrary angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil and a correspondingly oriented magnetization, ie, substantially perpendicular to the Hauptausdehnungsraum have. It is essential that arise by the at least two parts of the permanent magnet two opposing magnetic circuits.
  • the first magnetic circuit of the first permanent magnet In the de-energized state, when no current flows through the cylindrical coil, the first magnetic circuit of the first permanent magnet extends from the first permanent magnet via the first magnetic core into the second magnetic core and back into the first permanent magnet.
  • the interruption region which is arranged in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil between the parts of the permanent magnet, at least partially, preferably completely, by the second magnetic core and / or with a magnetically active material having a permeability ⁇ r >> 1 is completed.
  • the two parts of the permanent magnet with the second magnetic core on the cylinder coil side facing a substantially planar surface.
  • the two partial regions of the first magnetic core which are preferably interrupted by the non-magnetic separator element, overlap in the direction perpendicular to the cylindrical coil axis the interruption region between the parts of the permanent magnet, at least in sections.
  • this interruption area is completely filled by the second magnetic core.
  • the second magnetic core, the first magnetic core and the cylindrical coil follow one another spatially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the actuator according to the invention is characterized in that the dimension of the non-magnetic separating element in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil increases with increasing distance from the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil, preferably increases strictly monotonically, in particular linearly increases.
  • the recess in the first magnetic core, so the non-magnetic separator formed as an air gap or filled with air.
  • the actuator assembly is rotationally symmetrical about the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil.
  • At least one of the two parts of the permanent magnet is designed as a ring magnet.
  • the ring magnets can be arranged such that they run parallel to one another in two different planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil.
  • the respective parts of the permanent magnet are additionally formed interrupted in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil.
  • each of the relevant parts of the permanent magnet in turn consists of at least two permanent magnets, which complement in the said plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil segmental to the relevant part of the permanent magnet. Due to the splitting of the permanent magnet into a number of segments, a simpler and less expensive assembly of the actuator and a more cost-effective production of the permanent magnet are possible.
  • the electromagnetic action principle is described below with reference to preferred embodiments of the subject matter of the invention or of the actuator:
  • the actuator consists of two respective modules that are mounted relative to each other displaceable.
  • the first module comprises the solenoid, the first magnetic core and the non-magnetic separator.
  • the second module comprises a plunger, via which plunger the actuator can act on a connected system, for example a motor, the second magnetic core and the permanent magnet.
  • the actuator is in the initial position, ie in the undeflected state, when the non-magnetic separator is arranged centrally between the two parts of the permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic flux lines which emanate from the upper part of the permanent magnet, that is the part of the permanent magnet, which is arranged in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil above in the direction of the plunger of the non-magnetic separator, close over the first magnetic core, the interface between the first and second magnetic core, the second magnetic core and back to said part of the permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic flux lines which emanate from the lower part of the permanent magnet, that is the part of the permanent magnet, which is arranged in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil below the non-magnetic separator, via the first magnetic core, the interface between the first and second magnetic core and close the second magnetic core back to said part of the permanent magnet.
  • the actuator knows two possible deflection directions parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil. A positive deflection of the plunger and thus the entire second module takes place in the direction of the part of the permanent magnet, which faces the motor. A negative deflection of the plunger and thus of the entire second module takes place in the direction of the part of the permanent magnet, which faces away from the motor.
  • the lower part of the permanent magnet and the non-magnetic separator overlap. Since the magnetic resistance in the non-magnetic separator is greater than in the first magnetic core, close the magnetic flux lines of the permanent magnet over a said side of the permanent magnet facing away from the shell side of the first magnetic core around the solenoid.
  • this also applies to a negative deflection of the plunger and thus the entire second module in the opposite direction.
  • the two parts of the permanent magnet with the first magnetic core and the non-magnetic separator constitute a symmetrical arrangement, the respective force is released independently of the deflection. As a result, no force is transmitted to a tethered system, such as a motor, via the plunger.
  • an additional magnetic field is generated by the current flow in the coil.
  • the current flow in the coil forms a magnetic field in the first magnetic core perpendicular to the coil turns. Its magnetic flux lines are closed by the first magnetic core via the interface between the first and second magnetic core, via the second magnetic core and part of the permanent magnet back to the first magnetic core.
  • the magnetic field lines emanating from the permanent magnets run as already described above. By superimposing these magnetic fields, the magnetic field is amplified depending on a direction of current flow in the solenoid around the upper or lower part of the permanent magnet.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of the actuator according to the invention.
  • the actuator 1 comprises an electrically conductive cylindrical coil 2, a first magnetic core 3 made of ferromagnetic material, a second magnetic core 4 made of ferromagnetic material and a permanent magnet 5 with the parts 5a and 5b.
  • the first magnetic core 3 encloses the cylindrical coil 2 substantially in full circumference, forming an outer surface 3a, a bottom surface 3b, a Top surface 3c and an inner surface 3d off.
  • At the permanent magnet 5 facing inner surface 3d of the first magnetic core 3 is interrupted by a recess, which recess forms a non-magnetic separator 10.
  • the second magnetic core 4 Centrally within the cylindrical coil 2, the second magnetic core 4 is arranged. At the second magnetic core 4, the two parts 5a and 5b of the permanent magnet 5 are arranged. The second magnetic core 4 is connected via a plunger 11 with an engine mount (not shown).
  • the magnetization direction of the two parts 5a, 5b of the permanent magnet is oriented perpendicular to a longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2.
  • the two parts 5a, 5b of the permanent magnet are spatially spaced apart in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil.
  • the interruption area between the two parts 5a, 5b of the permanent magnet is filled with the second magnetic core 4.
  • the elements cylindrical coil 2, first magnetic core 3 and non-magnetic separator 10 form a first module 15.
  • the elements plunger 11, second magnetic core 4 and permanent magnet 5 form a second module 16.
  • the first module 15 is arranged relative to the second module 16 slidably.
  • the actuator according to FIG. 1 is formed substantially radially symmetrically to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows in three partial illustrations a to c the electromagnetic operating principle of the actuator according to FIG. 1 in de-energized state.
  • the right half of the actuator is shown in each case starting from the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2 forming the axis of symmetry.
  • FIG. 2a is the starting position, that is, the undeflected state represented.
  • the deflection over the entire stroke range from -s to + s is in the FIGS. 2 to 4 represented by the double arrow at reference character C.
  • the two parts 5a and 5b of the permanent magnet 5 have a radial magnetization perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2.
  • the flow lines, represented by the solid line 19 a, for the upper part 5 a of the permanent magnet 5 via the first magnetic core 3, the boundary 20 a between the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4 and the second magnetic core 4 extend back to the upper part 5 a of the permanent magnet 5
  • the magnetic flux lines, represented by the solid line 19b for the lower part 5b of the permanent magnet 5 via the first magnetic core 3, the boundary 20b between the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4 and the second magnetic core 4 go back to the lower part 5b of FIG Permanent magnet 5.
  • the magnetic circuit 19a and the magnetic circuit 19b are oriented in opposite directions.
  • the actuator 1 is shown at a deflection of the plunger 11 in a positive y-direction. Due to the deflection of the plunger 11, the lower part of the permanent magnet 5b and the non-magnetic separator 10 overlap at reference symbol A. Since the magnetic resistance in the non-magnetic separator 10 is very large, close the magnetic flux lines, represented by the solid line 21b, for the lower part of the permanent magnet 5b now substantially over the outer region of the first magnetic core 3 to the cylindrical coil 2 and not on the non-magnetic separator 10. This results in a flux density shift, that is, to an increase in magnetic flux density at the boundary 20a between the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4.
  • the increase in the magnetic flux density compensates for the force effect that results from the larger coverage between the first magnetic core 3 and the upper part 5a of the permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic field has thus at the transition between the first module 15 and the second module 16 at the upper part of the permanent magnet 5a in addition to a radial component, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2, an axial component, parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2. Analog comes to this
  • the force effect in the upper part of the magnetic core 4 is due to the lower coverage between the first magnetic core 3 and the lower part 5b of the permanent magnet and thereby in terms of magnitude identical, but in the opposite direction acting, axial component of the magnetic field compensated.
  • the compensation of the force effect in the de-energized state is achieved by the geometry of the two parts 5a and 5b of the permanent magnet 5 relative to the first magnetic core 3 is selected with the non-magnetic separator 10 at the transition surfaces between the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4 so that the amounts of the y components of the magnetic field at the transitions between the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4 are always the same for a positive deflection in the y direction. Due to the mirrored / symmetrical arrangement, the resulting force effect of the axial component of the magnetic field on the plunger 11 lifts. Overall, there is no resultant force between the first module 15 and the second module 16.
  • Figure 2c is equivalent to FIG. 2b the deflection in the opposite direction, that is represented in a negative y-direction.
  • the upper part of the permanent magnet 5a and the non-magnetic separator 10 overlap at reference B. Due to the high magnetic resistance in the non-magnetic separator 10, the magnetic flux lines represented by the solid line 21a for the upper part of the permanent magnet 5a extend substantially beyond the outer region of the first magnetic core 3 about the cylindrical coil 2 and not over the non-magnetic separator 10.
  • the magnetic field thus has an additional transition at the transition between the first module 15 and the second module 16 at the upper part of the permanent magnet 5a to a radial component, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2, an axial component, parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2.
  • This compensates the force effect, which consists of the larger coverage between the first magnetic core 3 and the lower part 5b of the permanent magnet.
  • the force effect in the lower part of the magnetic core 4 is characterized by the lower coverage between the first magnetic core 3 and the upper part 5a of the permanent magnet and thereby identical in absolute terms compensated in the opposite direction, axial component of the magnetic field.
  • the compensation of the force effect in the de-energized state is achieved by the geometry of the two parts 5a and 5b of the permanent magnet 5 relative to the first magnetic core 3 is selected with the non-magnetic separator 10 at the transition surfaces between the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4 so that the amounts of the y-component of the magnetic field at the transitions between the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4 are always the same for a negative deflection in the y-direction. Due to the mirrored / symmetrical arrangement, the resulting force effect of the axial component of the magnetic field on the plunger 11 lifts. Overall, there is no resultant force between the first module 15 and the second module 16.
  • the opposing magnetic circuits of the two parts of the permanent magnet 5a, 5b are structurally designed so that over the entire stroke range, the respective axial component of the magnetic field is inversely identical. Thereby, the force on the plunger 11 is compensated for both a deflection in the positive and in the negative y-direction, that is, over the entire stroke range.
  • FIG. 3 shows in three partial illustrations a to c according to the FIGS. 2a to 2c the electromagnetic action principle of the actuator according to the invention in energized state.
  • Example becomes in FIG. 3 It is assumed that the current flow through the cylindrical coil 2 is oriented in such a way that it flows out of the plane of the drawing. As a result, the cylindrical coil 2 acts like an electromagnet, that is, the current flow in the coil generates a magnetic field whose magnetic field lines run as follows: in undeflected state (FIG. FIG.
  • the magnetic flux lines of the energized cylindrical coil 2, represented by the dashed line 22, extend over the first magnetic core 3, the boundary 20a between the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4, the second magnetic core 4 and the lower part 5b of the permanent magnet 5 back to the first Magnetic core 3.
  • the magnetic field lines 19a and 19b of the two parts 5a and 5b of the permanent magnet each extend over the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4.
  • the superposition of the two magnetic fields leads to an increase This results in a resultant force between the first module 15 and the second module 16, which due to the radially symmetrical arrangement of the actuator parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2 acts due to the magnetic flux density.
  • FIG. 3b is the course of the magnetic flux lines 19a, 19b of the permanent magnet 5 and the course of the magnetic flux lines 22 of the electromagnet 2 shown at a deflection of the plunger 11 in a positive y-direction.
  • the magnetic flux lines 19b of the lower part of the permanent magnet 5b close as shown in FIG FIG. 2b Through the deflection of the lower part of the permanent magnet 5b overlaps with the non-magnetic separator 10.
  • the high magnetic resistance of the non-magnetic separator 10 forces the course of the magnetic flux lines in the upper region of the second magnetic core 4 and thus the cylindrical coil 2.
  • the magnetic flux lines of the lower part of the permanent magnet 5b thus extend in the first magnetic core 3 parallel to the magnetic flux lines of the current-fed cylindrical coil 2.
  • Figure 3c is the course of the magnetic flux lines 19a, 19b of the permanent magnet and the course of the magnetic flux lines 22 of the electromagnet 2 at a deflection of the plunger 11 in a negative y-direction shown. Due to the deflection, the upper part 5a of the permanent magnet 5 overlaps with the non-magnetic separator 10. Here the magnetic flux lines 19a of the upper part of the permanent magnet 5a close despite the generally disadvantageous high magnetic resistance across the non-magnetic separator 10. Also the magnetic flux lines 22 of the cylindrical coil 2 run despite the generally disadvantageous high magnetic resistance of the non-magnetic separator 10 from the first magnetic core 3 via the non-magnetic separator 10 in the second magnetic core 4 via the lower part 5b of the permanent magnet 5.
  • the magnetic field lines of the upper part 5a of the permanent magnet can not, as in Figure 2c , extend over the outer region 3a, 3b, 3c of the first magnetic core 3, since in the outer region 3a, 3b, 3c of the first magnetic core 3 and thus around the cylindrical coil 2, the magnetic field lines 22 of the cylindrical coil 22 extend in the opposite direction.
  • the magnetic field at the upper part of the permanent magnet 5a has an additional axial component which results in a magnetic force in the axial direction, ie parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2.
  • FIG. 4a It is assumed that the current flow through the cylindrical coil 2 is oriented so that it flows into the plane of the drawing. As a result, the coil 2 acts like an electromagnet, that is, a magnetic field is generated by the current flow in the coil 2, whose magnetic field lines are as follows: In undeflected state, shown in FIG. 4a , The magnetic flux lines 22 of the energized cylindrical coil 2 from the first magnetic core 3 via the boundary 20b between the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4, the second magnetic core 4 and the upper part of the permanent magnet 5a back into the first magnetic core.
  • FIGS. 4b and 4c show the course of the magnetic field lines in the deflected state.
  • the course is analogous to those in FIGS. 3a and 3c already described considerations.
  • the magnetic field at the lower part of the permanent magnet 5b an additional axial component which results in a magnetic force in the axial direction, ie parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2.
  • FIG. 5 shows the idealized force effect of the current-driven actuator over the intended stroke range.
  • FIG. 5a the magnetic force / current characteristic of the actuator is shown.
  • the x-axis shows the current in the solenoid 2 and the y-axis shows the resulting magnetic force:
  • the magnetic force acting between the first module 15 and the second module 16 depends on the magnitude and direction of the force, independent of the displacement of the plunger 11. linear with the current applied to the solenoid 2 current together.
  • FIG. 5b the magnetic force / stroke characteristic of the actuator is shown.
  • the x-axis shows the deflection of the plunger 11 and the y-axis shows the resulting magnetic force:
  • the magnetic force acting between the first module 15 and the second module 16 is independent of the deflection of the plunger 11 for a constant current, but different for different currents Values and directions.
  • the actuator thus has a hub-independent current-proportional force map.
  • the actuator has a constant force / current gradient and allows a precise adjustment of a bearing stiffness of an example coupled to the second module 16 unit bearing.
  • the actuator is constituted by a dimensionally stable, elastically suspended membrane connected to the second module 16 of the actuator of the unit bearing an oscillatory spring-mass system.
  • FIG. 6 shows in the partial illustrations 6a to 6c a schematic representation of an embodiment of a part of the permanent magnet 5, as it can be used in an actuator according to the invention.
  • the one part of the permanent magnet 5 is in FIG. 6a designed as a ring magnet with a radial magnetization 23.
  • the ring magnet is formed in the direction of rotation without interruptions.
  • the magnetization 23 is at all points of the ring magnet perpendicular to an axis 24 which passes through the center of the ring and is perpendicular to the circular surface of the ring magnet, and points to the center of the ring.
  • FIG. 6b shows a part 5a of the permanent magnet 5 as an exemplary embodiment, which consists of six ring-shaped radially magnetized magnet segments 5.a1 to 5.a6.
  • the magnet segments 5.a1 to 5.a6 are designed such that they are joined in the circumferential direction substantially directly to each other, for example, form-fitting or cohesively, and form a closed ring.
  • the magnetization 23 is at all points of the closed ring magnet perpendicular to an axis 24, which passes through the center of the ring and is perpendicular to the circular surface of the ring magnet, and points to the center of the ring.
  • FIG. 6c shows as an exemplary embodiment a part 5b of the permanent magnet 5, which is composed of six ring-shaped magnet segments 5.b1 to 5.b6, which are diametrically magnetized.
  • the magnet segments 5.b1 to 5.b6 are designed such that they are substantially immediately adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are joined, for example, form-fitting or cohesively, and form a closed ring.
  • there may be a separation between two magnet segments in the circumferential direction due to the construction or production, which may preferably be filled by air or a non-magnetic material having a permeability of ⁇ r 1.
  • the magnetization 23 is at all points of the closed ring magnet perpendicular to an axis 24 which passes through the center of the ring and is perpendicular to the circular surface of the ring magnet.
  • the magnetization 23 of the individual magnet segments 5.b1 to 5.b6 is parallel in each case. In the case of two adjacent magnet segments 5.b1 to 5.b6, however, the magnetization 23 is different by an angle greater than 0 °.
  • FIG. 7 shows in four partial pictures Figure 7a to Figure 7d an overview of possible arrangements of the first module 15 and the second module 16 relative to each other.
  • the representations Figure 7a to Figure 7d each show one half of the actuator assembly 1 along the symmetry axis 12.
  • the elements cylindrical coil 2, first magnetic core 3 and non-magnetic separator 10 form the first module 15.
  • the elements plunger 11, second magnetic core 4 and permanent magnet 5 form the second module 16th
  • the first module 15 is arranged stationary.
  • the second module 16 is disposed radially inside the solenoid and slidably.
  • the first module 15 and the second module 16 are displaceable relative to each other.
  • the first module 15 is arranged displaceably.
  • the second module 16 is arranged stationary in the interior of the cylindrical coil.
  • the first module 15 and the second module 16 are displaceable relative to each other.
  • FIGS. 7c and 7d show two embodiments in which each of the first module 15 inside and the second module 16 outside the cylindrical coil of the first module 15 is arranged.
  • the first module 15 is displaceable and the second module 16 is arranged stationary.
  • the second module 16 is displaceable and the first module 15 arranged stationary.
  • the first module 15 and the second module 16 are also displaceable relative to each other here.
  • FIG. 8 shows in three partial illustrations a to c, the electromagnetic action principle of the actuator with axial pole faces.
  • the first magnetic core 3 has on the side facing the permanent magnet 5 a projecting top surface 13 and a protruding bottom surface 14.
  • the protruding top surface 13 overlaps the upper part 5a of the permanent magnet 5 in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2.
  • the protruding bottom surface 14 overlaps the lower part 5b of the permanent magnet 5 parallel to said plane. This overlap causes the resultant force between the first module 15 and the second module 16 to be increased by the current flow in the cylindrical coil 2 at nearly maximum deflection in the positive or negative y direction, respectively.
  • FIG. 8a is the initial position, ie the undeflected state shown.
  • the deflected state is shown with the stroke + s.
  • the opposite deflected state is shown with the stroke -s.
  • the two parts 5a, 5b of the permanent magnet 5 have a radial magnetization perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2. Through the two parts 5a and 5b of the permanent magnet 5 two opposing magnetic circuits 55a and 55b are generated, as to FIG. 2a described.
  • the magnetic field of the lower part 5b of the permanent magnet runs as well FIG. 2b described.
  • the magnetic field of the upper part 5 a of the permanent magnet has an additional magnetic circuit 55 c, which closes over the protruding top surface 13. There is thus an increase in power in the stroke end position.
  • the magnetic field of the upper part 5a of the permanent magnet runs as well Figure 2c described.
  • the magnetic field of the lower part 5b of the permanent magnet has an additional one Magnetic circuit 55d, which closes on the protruding bottom surface 14. It thus comes here also to an increase in force in the stroke end position.
  • FIG. 9 shows in three partial illustrations a to c according to the FIGS. 8a to 8c the electromagnetic action principle of the actuator according to the invention with axial pole faces in the energized state.
  • a further magnetic field 65a is formed by the energization of the cylindrical coil 2, a further magnetic field 65a.
  • the magnetic field lines 65a of the cylindrical coil extend as far as possible analogous to the magnetic field lines of the cylindrical coil in FIG. 3a ,
  • the magnetic field lines 65c of the cylindrical coil 2 extend with an additional magnetic circuit 65c.2, which closes on the protruding bottom surface 14 to the lower part of the permanent magnet 5b. It thus comes here also to an increase in force in the stroke end position.
  • FIG. 10 shows in three partial illustrations a to c according to the FIGS. 8a to 8c the electromagnetic action principle of the actuator according to the invention with axial pole faces in the energized state.
  • FIG. 11 shows in three partial illustrations A to C, the electromagnetic action principle of the actuator with axially magnetized permanent magnet in the de-energized state. For compact presentation, starting from the axis of symmetry 12, only the right half of the actuator is shown.
  • FIG. 11a is the initial position, ie the undeflected state shown.
  • FIG. 11b the deflected state is shown with the stroke + s.
  • FIG. 11c the opposite deflected state is shown with the stroke -s.
  • the two parts 5b of the permanent magnet 5 have an axial magnetization, i. H. parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2.
  • two counter-rotating magnetic circuits are generated whose flow lines are shown by solid lines 55a for the upper part 5a of the permanent magnet 5 and 55b for the lower part of the permanent magnet 5b.
  • the magnetic circuit 55a of the upper part of the permanent magnet extends from the upper part 5a of the permanent magnet via the second magnetic core 4, the boundary 20a between the second magnetic core 4 and the first magnetic core 3 into the first magnetic core 3 and back into the second magnetic core 4 back to the upper part 5a of the permanent magnet 5.
  • stroke + s
  • the magnetic flux lines, represented by the solid line 65b, for the lower part of the permanent magnet 5b now close substantially over the outer region of the first magnetic core 3 around the cylindrical coil 2 and not over This results in a flux density shift, ie an increase in the magnetic flux density at the boundary 20a between the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4.
  • the increase in the magnetic flux density compensates for the force effect resulting from the greater coverage between the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4 is formed in the region of the upper part of the permanent magnet 5a.
  • the magnetic field has here at the transition between the first magnetic core 3 and the second magnetic core 4 at the upper part of the permanent magnet 5a in addition to a radial component perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coil 2 still another axial component parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2. Accordingly, there is a reduction the magnetic flux density in the first magnetic core 3 in the region of the lower part 5b of the permanent magnet. Since the two parts 5a and 5b of the permanent magnet represent a symmetrical arrangement, stand out the respective resulting forces. Thus, the force on the plunger 11 is compensated at a deflection in the positive y-direction.
  • the magnetic field lines are analogous to taking into account the reverse direction of deflection FIG. 11b ,
  • the opposing magnetic circuits 55a, 55b, 65a, 65b, 75a, 75b of the two parts of the permanent magnet 5a, 5b are structurally designed so that in the de-energized state over the entire stroke range (-s, + s) the respective axial component of the magnetic field of a Inverse of the permanent magnet 5 is identical to the respective axial component of the magnetic field of the other part of the permanent magnet 5.
  • the force acting on the plunger 11 for both a deflection in the positive and in the negative y-direction, d. H. compensated over the entire stroke range.
  • FIG. 12 shows in three partial illustrations a to c according to the FIGS. 11a to 11c the electromagnetic action principle of the actuator with axially magnetized permanent magnet in the energized state. To avoid repetition, the following is only to the differences to the in FIG. 3 presented and to FIG. 3 described embodiment with radially magnetized permanent magnet. Example becomes in FIG. 12 assumed that the current flow through the cylindrical coil 2 is oriented so that it flows into the plane of the drawing.
  • the force effect which results from the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 5, compensated over the entire stroke range.
  • the magnetic field of the cylindrical coil runs as in the FIG. 3 presented and to FIG. 3 described embodiment.
  • the result of the additional magnetic field due to the energization of the cylindrical coil 2 is a resulting hub-independent force / current relationship.
  • FIG. 13 shows in three partial illustrations a to c according to the FIGS. 11a to 11c the electromagnetic action principle of the actuator with axially magnetized permanent magnet in the energized state. To avoid repetition, the following is only to the differences to the in FIG. 4 presented and to FIG. 4 described embodiment with radially magnetized permanent magnet. Example becomes in FIG. 13 assumed that the current flow through the cylindrical coil 2 is oriented so that it flows out of the plane of the drawing.
  • the force effect which results from the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 5, compensated over the entire stroke range.
  • the magnetic field of the cylindrical coil runs as in the FIG. 4 presented and to FIG. 4 described embodiment.
  • the result of the additional magnetic field due to the energization of the cylindrical coil 2 is a resulting hub-independent force / current relationship.
  • FIG. 14 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of the actuator with a saturable web.
  • the non-magnetic separator 10 is formed here as a recess which does not fully penetrate the first magnetic core 3.
  • the material cross section of the first magnetic core 3 is reduced only so far that the side facing the second magnetic core 4 is obtained and forms a saturable web 70.
  • the first magnetic core 3 adjoins the saturable web 70 in two tapered ends 3.1, 3.2.
  • the reduction of the material cross section of the first magnetic core 3 increases with decreasing distance from the longitudinal axis 12 of the cylindrical coil 2, in particular in such a way that on the second magnetic core 4 facing Side just the saturable web 70 remains from the first magnetic core 3.
  • a magnetic saturation and thus the desired relative permeability of ⁇ r ⁇ 1 are achieved even with a low magnetic flux in the remaining saturable web 70 of the first magnetic core 3.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Actionneur (1) pour palier de moteur, comprenant
    - une bobine cylindrique électro-conductrice (2),
    - un premier noyau magnétique (3) en matériau ferromagnétique,
    - un deuxième noyau magnétique (4) en matériau ferromagnétique et
    - au moins un aimant permanent (5) dont la direction de magnétisation est orientée perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal (12) de la bobine cylindrique (2),
    les premier et deuxième noyaux magnétiques (3, 4) étant disposés de manière coulissante l'un par rapport à l'autre en direction de l'axe longitudinal (12) de la bobine cylindrique (2), le premier noyau magnétique (3) entourant sensiblement la bobine cylindrique (2) et étant interrompu, au niveau d'un côté d'enveloppe externe de la bobine cylindrique (2), orienté vers l'aimant permanent (5), par un élément de séparation non magnétique (10) et l'aimant permanent (5) étant conçu de manière interrompue au moins une fois en direction de l'axe longitudinal (12) de la bobine cylindrique (2) et comprenant au moins deux parties (5a, 5b), caractérisé en ce qu'une zone d'interruption, qui est disposée en direction de l'axe longitudinal de la bobine cylindrique (2) entre les parties de l'aimant permanent (5), est remplie au moins partiellement ou entièrement par le deuxième noyau magnétique (4).
  2. Actionneur (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les parties de l'aimant permanent (5) présentent la même polarité.
  3. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les deux parties du premier noyau magnétique (3), qui sont interrompues par l'élément de séparation non magnétique (10), se superposent, perpendiculairement à l'axe de la bobine cylindrique, à la zone d'interruption entre les parties de l'aimant permanent (5) au moins à certains endroits.
  4. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les deux parties de l'aimant permanent (5) forment, sur leur côté orienté vers la bobine cylindrique (2), avec le deuxième noyau magnétique (4), une surface sensiblement plane.
  5. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier noyau magnétique (3) forme, sur son côté orienté vers le deuxième noyau magnétique (4), avec l'élément de séparation (10), une surface sensiblement plane.
  6. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie de l'aimant permanent (5), de préférence les deux parties (5a, 5b), présentent une forme annulaire.
  7. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie de l'aimant permanent (5), de préférence les deux parties (5a, 5b), présentent une magnétisation sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal de la bobine cylindrique (2) et est magnétisée de préférence diamétralement, plus particulièrement radialement ou parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal de la bobine cylindrique.
  8. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie de l'aimant permanent (5), de préférence les deux parties (5a, 5b), est constituée, dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal (2), d'au moins deux segments.
  9. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la bobine cylindrique (2) et le premier noyau magnétique (3) sont reliés entre eux de manière immobile et/ou en ce que l'aimant permanent (5) et le deuxième noyau magnétique (4) sont reliés entre eux de manière immobile.
  10. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la bobine cylindrique (2) avec le noyau magnétique (3) est logée de manière élastique et l'aimant permanent (5) avec le deuxième noyau magnétique (4) est logé de manière statique.
  11. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la bobine cylindrique (2) avec le noyau magnétique (3) est logée de manière statique et l'aimant permanent (5) avec le deuxième noyau magnétique (4) est logé de manière élastique.
  12. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier noyau magnétique (3) comprend, sur son côté orienté vers l'aimant permanent (5), une surface de recouvrement en saillie (13) et/ou une surface de base en saillie (14) perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal de la bobine cylindrique (2), la surface de recouvrement (13) se superposant à la première partie de l'aimant permanent (5a) et/ou la surface de base (14) se superposant à la deuxième partie de l'aimant permanent (5b) perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal de la bobine cylindrique (2).
  13. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de séparation non magnétique (10) est constitué, au moins dans l'état de fonctionnement, d'un matériau avec une perméabilité de l'ordre de µr ≈ 1.
  14. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de séparation non magnétique (10) est conçu comme un évidement, cette évidement traversant le premier noyau magnétique (3) au niveau de son côté orienté vers le deuxième noyau magnétique (4) perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal de la bobine cylindrique (2), de préférence entièrement.
  15. Actionneur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une dimension de l'élément de séparation non magnétique (10) augmente dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal de la bobine cylindrique (2) lorsque la distance par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de la bobine cylindrique (2) augmente, de préférence de manière strictement monotone, plus particulièrement de manière linéaire.
EP15700137.1A 2014-01-16 2015-01-12 Actionneur électromagnétique et dynamique pour supports actifs de groupe Active EP3095119B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014200647.3A DE102014200647A1 (de) 2014-01-16 2014-01-16 Elektromagnetischer und dynamischer Aktuator für aktive Aggregatlager
PCT/EP2015/050379 WO2015107012A1 (fr) 2014-01-16 2015-01-12 Actionneur électromagnétique et dynamique pour supports actifs de groupe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3095119A1 EP3095119A1 (fr) 2016-11-23
EP3095119B1 true EP3095119B1 (fr) 2019-08-28

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EP (1) EP3095119B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN106463233B (fr)
DE (1) DE102014200647A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015107012A1 (fr)

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DE102016203064A1 (de) 2016-02-26 2017-08-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektromagnetisches Lager mit einstellbarer Steifigkeit
DE102017103027A1 (de) 2017-02-15 2018-08-16 Rausch & Pausch Gmbh Linearaktuator
JP6260962B1 (ja) * 2017-05-25 2018-01-17 株式会社スペシャルエフエックススタジオ 往復運動装置
DE102017215238A1 (de) * 2017-08-31 2019-02-28 Contitech Vibration Control Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Linearaktor
DE102017120627A1 (de) 2017-09-07 2019-03-07 Rausch & Pausch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Magnetanker-Stößel-Verbundes und Magnetanker-Stößel-Verbund für einen Linearaktuator
CN109505904A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-22 长沙理工大学 一种低频减振超材料
FI128858B (en) * 2019-02-01 2021-01-29 Lappeenrannan Teknillinen Yliopisto Magnetic actuator and gear system that includes the same
DE102019112334A1 (de) * 2019-05-10 2020-11-12 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Aktorvorrichtung zur aktiven Schwingungsreduzierung, -dämpfung und/oder -tilgung
CN114050016B (zh) * 2021-09-15 2024-03-29 上海欧一安保器材有限公司 螺线管致动器

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US7352268B2 (en) * 2002-09-26 2008-04-01 Engineering Matters, Inc. High intensity radial field magnetic actuator
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GB0519255D0 (en) * 2005-09-21 2005-10-26 Ricardo Uk Ltd A direct drive linear electromechanical actuator for gearshift control
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106463233A (zh) 2017-02-22
DE102014200647A1 (de) 2015-07-16
EP3095119A1 (fr) 2016-11-23
WO2015107012A1 (fr) 2015-07-23
CN106463233B (zh) 2018-11-30

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