EP3088494A1 - Utilisation d'un additif de carburant en carburant diesel pour réduire la consommation en carburant dans un moteur diesel - Google Patents

Utilisation d'un additif de carburant en carburant diesel pour réduire la consommation en carburant dans un moteur diesel Download PDF

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EP3088494A1
EP3088494A1 EP15165433.2A EP15165433A EP3088494A1 EP 3088494 A1 EP3088494 A1 EP 3088494A1 EP 15165433 A EP15165433 A EP 15165433A EP 3088494 A1 EP3088494 A1 EP 3088494A1
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Prior art keywords
fuel
fuel additive
diesel
peroxide
previous
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EP15165433.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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Edgar Volpert
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United Initiators GmbH and Co KG
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United Initiators GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to EP15165433.2A priority Critical patent/EP3088494A1/fr
Priority to CA2983374A priority patent/CA2983374A1/fr
Priority to MX2017013667A priority patent/MX2017013667A/es
Priority to BR112017022963A priority patent/BR112017022963A2/pt
Priority to US15/569,414 priority patent/US20180298295A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2016/059564 priority patent/WO2016174176A1/fr
Priority to RU2017141058A priority patent/RU2712134C2/ru
Priority to AU2016254324A priority patent/AU2016254324B2/en
Priority to CN201680031627.0A priority patent/CN108291162A/zh
Priority to EP16723275.0A priority patent/EP3289052A1/fr
Publication of EP3088494A1 publication Critical patent/EP3088494A1/fr
Priority to GT201700228A priority patent/GT201700228A/es
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of a diesel fuel additive, comprising a peroxide for reducing fuel consumption in a diesel engine.
  • Combustion engines in particular diesel engines, are important in various fields for generating energy. Due to their high robustness and durability as well as their excellent operating performance, they are essential energy sources for example in power generators, agricultural and construction machines, drilling rigs, buses, trucks, trains and ships. Combustion engines produce energy from fuels, so that their operational costs are influenced by the fuel price as well as the fuel consumption.
  • a fuel additive for diesel fuels comprising a peroxide, particularly tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP).
  • TBHP tert-butyl hydroperoxide
  • the invention therefore relates to the use of a fuel additive comprising a peroxide in a diesel fuel for reducing the fuel consumption in a diesel engine.
  • a peroxide-containing fuel additive particularly provides a reduction of diesel fuel consumption by at least 5 %, more preferably by at least 7%, yet more preferably by at least 10%, even more preferably by at least 13% compared to a similar diesel fuel without fuel additive.
  • a fuel additive is a composition added to a fuel, preferably in amounts of 0.001 to 50 wt.%, more preferably between 0.01 to 25 wt.%, more preferably between 0.1 to 10 wt.% related to the total weight of the fuel.
  • the fuel additive to be used according to the invention comprises a peroxide, particularly an organic peroxide and preferably TBHP.
  • a fuel additive comprising at least one hydroperoxide, dialkylperoxide or/and a cyclic or acyclic ketone peroxide.
  • Hydroperoxides in particular alkyl-, acyl- or/and arylhydroperoxides, have the general structural formula R-O-O-H.
  • Dialkylperoxides in particular cyclic and acyclic dialkylperoxides, have the general structural formula R 1 -O-O-R 2 .
  • the residues R 1 and R 2 together form a 4 to 10 membered cycle, more preferably a 5 to 7 membered cycle.
  • Cyclic ketone peroxides have the general structural formula (R 1 R 2 C(-O-O-)) n , wherein n can be an integer from 2 to 6, the peroxidic bond is formed between the C-atoms to form a cycle, and R 1 and R 2 represent identical or different organic residues.
  • Acyclic ketone peroxides have the general structural formula R 1 R 2 C(-O-O-H)-O-O-C(-O-O-H)R 3 R 4 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent identical or different organic residues.
  • the residues R, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent each independently an organic residue, in particular a hydrocarbon residue which can be substituted with 1 to 3 heteroatoms.
  • the residues R, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent each independently acyclic linear chain alkyl, preferably having 1 to 20, preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms and can be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one -OMe, -OH, aryl or/and heteroaryl; acyclic branched chain alkyl, preferably having 1 to 20, preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms and can be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one -OMe, -OH, aryl or/and heteroaryl; acyl, wherein acyl represents a moiety having the structural formula RC(O)-; aryl, wherein aryl is an aromatic moiety with 6 to 10 carbon atoms, which can be unsubstituted or substituted with -OMe or/and -OH; heteroaryl, wherein heteroaryl is an aromatic moiety with 4 to 10 carbon atoms comprising one or more heteroatoms, particularly nitrogen or/and oxygen
  • the fuel additive comprises tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP), cumene hydroperoxide, methylethyl ketone peroxide, in particular cyclic or acyclic methylethyl ketone peroxide, acetone peroxide, tert-amyl hydroperoxide (TAHP), di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB), 1,1-Di-(tert-butylperoxy)-cyclohexan (CH) or tetramethyl-dioxa-cyclohexane (TMDOCH) or mixtures thereof.
  • TBHP tert-butylhydroperoxide
  • cumene hydroperoxide methylethyl ketone peroxide
  • DTBP di-tert-butyl peroxide
  • TBPB tert-butyl peroxybenzoate
  • CH 1,1-Di-(tert
  • a fuel additive comprising hydroperoxide, dialkylperoxide or/and cyclic or acyclic ketone peroxide, particularly tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), cumene hydroperoxide, methylethyl ketone peroxide, in particular cyclic and/or acyclic methylethyl ketone peroxide, acetone peroxide, tert-amyl hydroperoxide (TAHP), di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB), 1,1-Di-(tert-butylperoxy)-cyclohexan (CH) or/and tetramethyl-dioxa-cyclohexane (TMDOCH), a significant reduction of diesel fuel consumption in diesel engines has been observed.
  • TBHP tert-butyl hydroperoxide
  • TAHP di-tert-butyl peroxide
  • TBPB
  • the fuel additive comprises TBHP.
  • Organic peroxides are thermally unstable compounds, which decompose exothermically with cleavage of the peroxidic oxygen bond. Therefore, for the safe handling or safe transport of organic peroxides they must, for safety considerations often be phlegmatised or are produced industrially already in dilution.
  • peroxide preparations often contain large amounts of water as phlegmatiser, have insufficient thermal or chemical stability or cannot be used commercially as a fuel additive due to the raw materials or production processes used.
  • peroxides phlegmatised with water should be avoided as a fuel additive, because water does not mix with the fuel but forms a two-phase system.
  • an anhydrous fuel additive is used.
  • Anhydrous means that the content of water in the fuel additive is ⁇ 5 wt.%, particularly ⁇ 1 wt. %, yet more preferably ⁇ 0.3 wt.%, most preferably ⁇ 0.01 wt%.
  • the fuel additive in addition to a peroxide preferably comprises an anhydrous organic solvent.
  • Polar and non-polar solvents can be used.
  • suitable non-polar solvents are alkanes, in particular aliphatic hydrocarbons such as isododecane, isooctane, decane, nonane and/or n-octane or mixtures of different aliphates.
  • suitable examples of solvents are diesel and kerosene.
  • suitable hydrocarbons are cyclic and acyclic hydrocarbons with 5 to 12, preferably 6 to 10 carbons either saturated or unsaturated.
  • polar solvents are particularly oxygen-containing solvents, such as, for example, esters and alcohols.
  • Suitable esters used as solvents are in particular phthalates and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (TXIB).
  • Alkyl alcohols are preferably used as solvents, particularly C1-C8 alkyl alcohols, more preferably C2-C6 alkyl alcohols, yet more preferably butanol and most preferably tert-butanol (TBA).
  • TAA tert-butanol
  • a fuel additive comprising TBHP and an organic solvent, particularly tert-butanol (TBA).
  • TSA tert-butanol
  • diesel fuels can comprise, for example, diesel, biodiesel or marine diesel.
  • the diesel fuel containing the peroxide-containing diesel additive is anhydrous.
  • Anhydrous means that the diesel fuel containing the peroxide-containing diesel additive has a total content of water of ⁇ 5 wt.%, particularly ⁇ 1 wt.%, more preferably ⁇ 0.3 wt.%, yet more preferably ⁇ 0.1 wt.%, even more preferably ⁇ 0.03 wt.%, more preferably ⁇ 0.01 wt.%, yet even more preferably ⁇ 0.001 wt.%, most preferably ⁇ 0.0001 wt.%.
  • Low diesel grades or diesel fuels of a low quality have a cetane number without fuel additive of ⁇ 50, more preferred ⁇ 45, yet more preferred ⁇ 40, whereas higher diesel qualities have a cetane number ⁇ 50, more preferred ⁇ 51.
  • Low grade diesel fuels have a minimum cetane number without fuel additive of > 20, preferably > 25, more preferably > 30. The cetane number can be determined according to ASTM-D613, for example.
  • the cetane number is a characteristic parameter for the combustion quality of diesel fuel.
  • the cetane number is a measure of the ease of ignition or the ignition delay, that is to say the time between the start of fuel injection and the start of combustion. Rapid ignition followed by uniform combustion is advantageous. The higher the cetane number, the shorter the ignition delay and the better the combustion quality.
  • peroxide-containing fuel additive provides a significant reduction of fuel consumption in a diesel engine, when low grade diesel qualities such as commercially available US diesel, are applied.
  • peroxides are also suitable e.g. as fuel additives for reducing fuel consumption in regions, where typically low grade diesel fuels are applied.
  • the peroxide-containing fuel additive applied according to the invention increases the cetane number of a fuel with fuel additive by at least 2, more preferred by at least 3, yet more preferred by at least 5, most preferred at least by 7 compared to the cetane number of the same fuel without fuel additive.
  • a diesel fuel admixed with the peroxide-containing additive can be applied in diesel engines such as used in automotives or ships or provided for stationary diesel engines to generate energy.
  • a particularly significant reduction of fuel consumption is effected in low compression diesel engines.
  • low compression diesel engines Compared to modern diesel engines complying with current Euro 5 standard, low compression diesel engines exhibit a lower compression ratio.
  • Modern high compression diesel engines exhibit a compression ratio of at least 19:1, more preferred at least 21:1.
  • low compression diesel engines exhibit a compression ratio of less than 19:1, particularly of less than 18:1 and preferably less than 16:1 auf.
  • the compression ratio describes the ratio of the total cylinder chamber prior to compression to the remaining space after compression.
  • the compression of the cylinder chamber causes a rise in temperature in the cylinder chamber.
  • a high compression ratio provides easy self-ignition.
  • the size of displacement per cylinder determines the quality of combustion in a diesel engine.
  • a large displacement per cylinder effects worse mixing or blending of the fuel with air. Thus, without additive, there is worse or incomplete combustion of the fuel.
  • Displacement or displaced volume describes the enclosed volume of a cylinder in a combustion engine, which results from the stroke of a single piston and the effective piston cross section.
  • the cylinder displacement hence is the volume displaced by the stroke of the piston in a combustion engine.
  • the amount of peroxide, particularly TBHP, in the fuel additive is preferably at least 10 wt.%, more preferably at least 30 wt.%, yet more preferably at least 40 wt.%, most preferably at least 50 wt.%. Pure peroxide is not preferred for safety considerations.
  • the amount of peroxide, particularly TBHP in the fuel additive is therefore preferably up to 90 wt.%, more preferably up to 75 wt.% and most preferably up to 60 wt.%.
  • the amount of anhydrous organic solvent, particularly alcohols and preferably tert-butanol (TBA), is accordingly at least 10 wt.%, more preferably at least 25 wt.% and most preferably at least 40 wt.% and up to 90 wt.%, more preferably up to 70 wt.% and most preferably up to 50 wt.%.
  • a fuel additive that comprises 30 to 70 wt.% peroxide in 70 to 30 wt.% alcohol has been shown to be particularly suitable and accordingly most preferred.
  • a fuel additive that comprises 50 to 60 wt.% peroxide in 60 to 50 wt.% alcohol is yet more preferred.
  • a fuel additive that comprises 55 wt.% peroxide and 45 wt.% alcohol is most preferred. Due to the production process, peroxides can be phlegmatised by an oxygen-containing solvent, preferably in an alcohol, particularly in tert-butanol, thereby improving safety during transport and further handling.
  • a fuel additive that comprises 30 to 70 wt.% TBHP in 70 to 30 wt.% tert-butanol (TBA) has been shown to be particularly preferred.
  • a fuel additive that comprises 50 to 60 wt.% TBHP in 60 to 50 wt.% tert-butanol is yet more preferred.
  • a fuel additive that comprises 55 wt.% TBHP and 45 wt.% tert-butanol is most preferred.
  • the peroxide, particularly TBHP is applied in an amount of 0.001 to 10 wt. %, more preferably from 0.01 to 8 wt.%, more preferably from 0.025 to 5 wt. %, yet more preferably from 0.055 to 4 wt.% most preferably from 0.1 to 3 wt. %, based on the total weight of the fuel.
  • the invention relates to the use of a diesel fuel additive in a diesel fuel for reducing fuel consumption in a diesel engine characterized in that the fuel additive comprises an organic peroxide being applied in an amount from 0.025 to 10 wt.%, in particular from 0.1 to 3 wt.%, based on the total weight of the fuel.
  • the invention relates to the use of a diesel fuel additive in a diesel fuel for reducing fuel consumption in a diesel engine characterized in that the fuel additive comprises an anhydrous organic peroxide being applied in an amount from 0.025 to 10 wt.%, in particular from 0.1 to 3 wt.%, based on the total weight of the fuel.
  • the invention relates to the use of a diesel fuel additive in a diesel fuel for reducing fuel consumption in a diesel engine characterized in that the fuel additive comprises an anhydrous organic peroxide being applied in an amount from 0.025 to 10 wt.%, in particular from 0.1 to 3 wt.%, based on the total weight of the fuel and the diesel fuel has a cetane number of ⁇ 45 without fuel additive.
  • the invention relates to the use of a diesel fuel additive in a diesel fuel for reducing fuel consumption in a diesel engine characterized in that the fuel additive comprises anhydrous TBHP and TBA.
  • the invention relates to the use of a diesel fuel additive in a diesel fuel for reducing fuel consumption in a diesel engine characterized in that the fuel additive comprises anhydrous TBHP and TBA, wherein TBHP is applied in an amount from 0.025 to 10 wt.%, in particular from 0.1 to 3 wt.%, based on the total weight of the fuel.
  • the invention relates to the use of a diesel fuel additive in a diesel fuel for reducing fuel consumption in a diesel engine characterized in that the fuel additive comprises anhydrous TBHP and TBA wherein TBHP is applied in an amount from 0.025 to 10 wt.%, in particular from 0.1 to 3 wt.%, based on the total weight of the fuel and the diesel fuel has a cetane number of ⁇ 45 without fuel additive.
  • the fuel additive and/or the fuel are also possible according to the invention to combine the fuel additive and/or the fuel with other components.
  • tert-butyl hydroperoxide in combination with a further peroxide, particularly selected from cumene hydroperoxide, di-tert-butylperoxide (DTBP), methylethyl ketone peroxide, in particular cyclic and acyclic methylethyl ketone peroxide, acetone peroxide, tert-amyl hydroperoxide (TAHP), di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB), 1,1-Di-(tert-butylperoxy)-cyclohexan (CH) or/and tetramethyl-dioxa-cyclohexane (TMDOCH).
  • an additive is preferred that comprises at least one peroxide and additionally tert-butylalcohol or/and 2-ethylhexylnitrate (2-EHN).
  • reduction of fuel consumption in an engine can be observed by continuously or constantly using the peroxide-containing fuel additive during the entire operation time.
  • reduction in fuel consumption can be observed when the fuel containing the peroxide-containing fuel additive is continuously used in a diesel engine for a runtime or operation time of at least 100 hours, preferred at least 170 hours, more preferred at least 240 hours and most preferred at least 310 hours.
  • reduction in fuel consumption can be observed when the fuel containing the peroxide-containing fuel additive is continuously used in a diesel engine for a runtime or operation time of at least 4 days, preferred at least 7 days, more preferred at least 10 days and most preferred at least 13 days.
  • the fuel consumption in an engine can be reduced by adding the fuel containing the peroxide-containing fuel additive in intervals.
  • certain amounts of fuel with the peroxide-containing fuel additive are added in certain time intervals while using fuel without the peroxide-containing fuel additive otherwise.
  • the amount of added fuel with the peroxide-containing fuel additive is at least 10 liters, preferably at least 20 liters, more preferred at least 40 liters and most preferred at least 60 liters.
  • the fuel containing the peroxide-containing fuel additive is used for 10 to 1000 hours, preferably 50 to 500 hours, more preferred 100 to 250 hours alternating with using the fuel without the peroxide-containing fuel additive for 10 to 1000 hours, preferably 50 to 500 hours, more preferred 100 to 250 hours.
  • a peroxide-containing fuel additive provides prevention, reduction or removal of undesired deposits or contaminants in a diesel engine.
  • Undesired deposits in an engine can be formed due to incomplete combustion of the fuel, impurities in the fuel or/and suction of impurities from air. As a result thereof, apart from volatile gases, also finest solids or particles are formed. These particles can deposit inter alia on the fuel injection valves and channels of the engine. Deposits at the injection valves hamper that diesel fuel completely reaches the combustion chamber of the engine.
  • the use of a peroxide-containing diesel additive removes already existing deposits or contaminants and prevents the formation of new deposits or contaminants in the engine.
  • deposits or contaminants comprise small particles, soot or/and glycol.
  • the HFRR (high frequency reciprocating rig) score is a characteristic parameter for the lubrication of a fuel or a fuel additive.
  • the HFRR score can be determined according to ASTM-D6078 and ASTM-D6079, for example.
  • a high HFRR score is determined for a fuel or fuel additive with bad lubrication as for example untreated ultra-low sulfur diesel having a HFRR score of 636.
  • a high HFRR score results in high friction and wear by the fuel or fuel additive compared to a fuel or fuel additive with a low HFRR score.
  • the HFRR score has to be desirably below 460.
  • the fuel with peroxide-containing fuel additive has a HFRR score of at most 400, more preferred at most 370 and most preferred at most 330.
  • the peroxide-containing fuel additive applied lowers the HFRR score of a fuel with fuel additive by at least 70, more preferably at least 140 and most preferably at least 210 compared to the same fuel without fuel additive.
  • the peroxide-containing fuel additive applied lowers the HFRR score of a fuel with fuel additive by at least 30, more preferably at least 60 and most preferably at least 90 in comparison to the limit value of Engine Manufacturers Association.
  • Also part of this invention is a method for reducing diesel fuel consumption in a diesel engine wherein a fuel additive comprising a peroxide is added to the diesel fuel.
  • the cetane number is increased from 42 (without fuel additive) to 48 (with fuel additive).
  • the test engine used was a Caterpillar D3512-C V12 diesel engine exhibiting a total displacement of 58560 cm 3 , as well as a displacement per cylinder of 4880 cm 3 and a compression ratio of 14.7:1.
  • the test engine was used in a drilling rig.
  • the increase of fuel consumption during day 1-6 in period of measurement 1 is due to removal of impurities and deposits from the engine. From day 7 in period of measurement 1 on, the engine is cleaned to such an extend that reduction in fuel consumption is observed.
  • test engine used was a John Deere 6081 PowerTech 8.1 L, 6 cylinder, marine engine exhibiting a total displacement of 8100 cm 3 , as well as a displacement per cylinder of 1350 cm 3 and a compression ratio of 15.7:1.
  • the HFRR score of the above mentioned untreated ultra-low sulfur diesel was measured without and with different diesel fuel additives.
  • the HFRR score of untreated ultra-low sulfur diesel is indicated as well as the HFRR score of ultra-low sulfur diesel with different fuel additives.
  • the HFRR score of the fuel with fuel additive is compared to the fuel without fuel additive.
  • the diesel additive consisting of TBHP and TBA resulted in a reduction of the HFRR score of 320 and is below the standard of the Engine Manufacturers Association.

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EP15165433.2A 2015-04-28 2015-04-28 Utilisation d'un additif de carburant en carburant diesel pour réduire la consommation en carburant dans un moteur diesel Withdrawn EP3088494A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15165433.2A EP3088494A1 (fr) 2015-04-28 2015-04-28 Utilisation d'un additif de carburant en carburant diesel pour réduire la consommation en carburant dans un moteur diesel
PCT/EP2016/059564 WO2016174176A1 (fr) 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 Utilisation d'un additif pour carburant dans du carburant diesel pour réduire la consommation de carburant dans un moteur diesel
MX2017013667A MX2017013667A (es) 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 Uso de un aditivo de combustible en combustible diesel para reducir el consumo de combustible en un motor diesel.
BR112017022963A BR112017022963A2 (pt) 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 uso de um aditivo para combustível em gasóleo para redução de consumo de combustível em um motor diesel
US15/569,414 US20180298295A1 (en) 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 Use of a fuel additive in diesel fuel for reducing fuel consumption in a diesel engine
CA2983374A CA2983374A1 (fr) 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 Utilisation d'un additif pour carburant dans du carburant diesel pour reduire la consommation de carburant dans un moteur diesel
RU2017141058A RU2712134C2 (ru) 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 Применение присадки к топливу в дизельном топливе для уменьшения потребления топлива в дизельном двигателе
AU2016254324A AU2016254324B2 (en) 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 Use of a fuel additive in diesel fuel for reducing fuel consumption in a diesel engine
CN201680031627.0A CN108291162A (zh) 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 柴油燃料中的燃料添加剂用于降低柴油发动机燃料消耗的用途
EP16723275.0A EP3289052A1 (fr) 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 Utilisation d'un additif pour carburant dans du carburant diesel pour réduire la consommation de carburant dans un moteur diesel
GT201700228A GT201700228A (es) 2015-04-28 2017-10-27 Uso de un aditivo de combustible en combustible diésel para reducir el consumo de combustible en un motor diésel

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EP15165433.2A EP3088494A1 (fr) 2015-04-28 2015-04-28 Utilisation d'un additif de carburant en carburant diesel pour réduire la consommation en carburant dans un moteur diesel

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EP16723275.0A Withdrawn EP3289052A1 (fr) 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 Utilisation d'un additif pour carburant dans du carburant diesel pour réduire la consommation de carburant dans un moteur diesel

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CN (1) CN108291162A (fr)
AU (1) AU2016254324B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR112017022963A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2983374A1 (fr)
GT (1) GT201700228A (fr)
MX (1) MX2017013667A (fr)
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CN110184100A (zh) * 2019-06-12 2019-08-30 通辽市燊德新能源科技有限公司 一种民用醇基液体燃料添加剂
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EP3289052A1 (fr) 2018-03-07
MX2017013667A (es) 2018-08-01
RU2017141058A3 (fr) 2019-08-07
AU2016254324A1 (en) 2017-11-02
US20180298295A1 (en) 2018-10-18
CA2983374A1 (fr) 2016-11-03
RU2712134C2 (ru) 2020-01-24
GT201700228A (es) 2018-11-23
WO2016174176A1 (fr) 2016-11-03
AU2016254324B2 (en) 2020-07-30
RU2017141058A (ru) 2019-05-28
BR112017022963A2 (pt) 2018-07-17

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