EP3072980B1 - Method and device for producing a partially cured moulded part - Google Patents
Method and device for producing a partially cured moulded part Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3072980B1 EP3072980B1 EP15161040.9A EP15161040A EP3072980B1 EP 3072980 B1 EP3072980 B1 EP 3072980B1 EP 15161040 A EP15161040 A EP 15161040A EP 3072980 B1 EP3072980 B1 EP 3072980B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- hot
- forming
- tool portion
- partial region
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/26—Deep-drawing for making peculiarly, e.g. irregularly, shaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D24/00—Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses
- B21D24/16—Additional equipment in association with the tools, e.g. for shearing, for trimming
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/001—Shaping combined with punching, e.g. stamping and perforating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0294—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a localised treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0405—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
- C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for producing a partially cured molded part, in particular for use as a structural component of a motor vehicle.
- a method of manufacturing a metal mold component by hot working with simultaneous trimming operation is known.
- a combination tool is used with an upper tool attached to a press ram, a die mounted on a press table via force elements and with a cutting tool fixed on a cutting punch.
- the cutting punch is arranged on the edge or in a recess of the die.
- a suitably dimensioned semi-finished product is heated and inserted into the combination tool.
- the semi-finished product is converted to the desired shape in the hot state and cooled defined.
- the trimming of the component edges takes place in the combination tool immediately following the molding, whereby the residual heat still present from the hot forming is utilized.
- the trimming should be done at a temperature between 400 ° C and 700 ° C.
- the apparatus comprises a hot forming tool having a first tool part with two segments and an opposite second tool part, between which the component is formed becomes.
- a hot forming tool having a first tool part with two segments and an opposite second tool part, between which the component is formed becomes.
- an inductor is accommodated, which can bring energy during compression in a first portion of the component.
- the energy input leads to a slowing down of the cooling rate in the first part, so that no hardening occurs here.
- thermoforming and partially curing a component between two mold halves in a press is known.
- the tool halves are each divided into several segments, which are separated by a heat insulation.
- the two segments can be heated or cooled by a temperature control, so that different temperatures and thus cooling curves are adjustable in different areas of the component.
- a device for forming and press hardening of metal sheets is known.
- heating elements are integrated to heat the metal sheet in the forming area and partially influence by targeted temperature control of the material structure.
- the heating elements are thermally insulated from the adjacent walls of the forming tool by an insulating layer.
- Moldings in particular as structural components of motor vehicles, should have different, partially contradictory technical properties. For example, moldings in subregions should have a high hardness or strength and low ductility, while in other subregions, in turn, a low hardness or strength and a high ductility are desired. From this, the requirement is derived to produce molded parts near the final contour and specifically with the desired material properties.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object to propose a process for the preparation of partially cured moldings, which can be carried out easily and quickly and with which the moldings can produce near net shape.
- the object is also to propose a corresponding device, which allows the production of hardened moldings with high accuracy and short cycle times.
- a solution is a method for producing a partially cured metallic molding, comprising the steps of: heating a semifinished product of a hardenable thermoformable steel sheet to a hardening temperature; Hot working the heated semi-finished product into a three-dimensional molded part in a combined hot-forming cutting device, the combined hot-forming cutting device having an upper tool part and a lower tool part which are closed to hot-work the semi-finished product; Trimming the molding in the combined hot stamping-cutting apparatus; Press-hardening the molded article in the hot-forming cutting device into a hardened molded article, wherein at least one of the upper tool part and the lower tool part has a first tool portion that contacts a first portion of the molded article during hot working and press hardening is cooled, so that the first portion is cured by rapid cooling, and, wherein at least one of the upper tool part and the lower tool part has a second tool portion which comes into contact with a second portion of the semifinished product during hot working and press hardening, wherein the second Tool section
- An advantage of the method is that mold parts can be hot-formed, trimmed and press-hardened in one process step. Post-processing by a separate pruning in a separate trimming tool can be omitted. Unwanted changes in the form and structure of the moldings can be minimized. It is produced in a simple manner a near-net shape molding with the desired material properties.
- at least one of the first and second sub-areas is meant that trimming in the first subarea and / or in the second subarea.
- the heating to hardening temperature can be carried out such that the entire output member is heated or partially only the partial areas to be cured.
- hardening temperature in this context is meant a temperature of the semifinished product or component which is at least necessary in order subsequently to harden the component by rapid cooling (quenching).
- rapid cooling quenching
- the trimming of the molded part can take place at least in a second partial area, which is heated and thus softer than the first partial area to be hardened. This has the advantage that the cutting operation can be carried out more easily and the cutting tool is subject to only little wear.
- at least one first or second subarea is to be encompassed within the scope of this disclosure in particular that the molded part can each have one or more first and second subregions. It is envisaged that at least one of the softer second subregions will be trimmed, wherein it is not excluded that further second subregions may remain untrimmed and / or that one or more first subregions may be partially or completely trimmed prior to press hardening. If in the present case one or the first subarea or one or the second subarea is mentioned, this should always be meant in the sense of at least one of the respective subareas.
- a board made of sheet steel can be used as well as semifinished starting material for the molded part to be produced in particular.
- the board may have a uniform or variable sheet thickness over the length and / or width.
- the production of a board with variable sheet thickness can for example be done by flexible rolling of strip material and subsequent cutting of the board from the flexibly rolled strip material, or by welding together of partial boards with different sheet thickness.
- the semifinished product or component is heated during the hot forming in a peripheral second portion. That is, at least one of the softer second subregions forms an edge zone of the molded part, which is trimmed in the context of the combined hot forming, cutting and pressing hardening process. In this way, the molding receives its final contour, so that a separate trimming process can be omitted.
- the second subregion can optionally be flown with air before, during and / or after the hot forming. This applies alternatively or in addition to the first part to be cured, which can be at least partially flowed with air. In the first partial area to be hardened, the short-term flow of air has the function of preventing excessive wall thickness reduction due to high temperatures.
- the combined hot-forming cutting device has at least one upper tool part and at least one lower tool part, which are closed for hot forming of the component, wherein the trimming takes place in particular during or after the closing of the tool parts.
- the closing of the tool parts can take place in that only one of the two tool parts is moved while the other is stationary, or in that both tool parts are moved towards each other.
- the semi-finished product which is heated to hardening temperature at least in some areas, is inserted between the upper and lower tool parts.
- the contour of the molding tool is transferred to the semifinished product, which is thus shaped into the molded part. If the first partial areas to be cured are to be trimmed, they are preferably trimmed before the tool parts are completely closed.
- the second subsections with higher ductility can in principle be trimmed at any time, that is before, during and / or after complete closure. Due to the complete closing, which corresponds to the end of the press stroke, they come into planar contact with the molded part, so that the first part area is rapidly cooled and thus hardened.
- the second portion is heated during the forming and pressing in the tool.
- at least one of the tool parts has a corresponding tempering device, with which the tool can be heated in the coming into contact with the second portion portion.
- the molded part After closing the tool parts, the molded part can be kept in the second partial area at a defined temperature, which is in particular between 300 ° C and 600 ° C.
- the holding time of the molded part between the closed tool parts can be between 0.5 seconds to 360 seconds.
- the second portion is trimmed.
- the molding now has its final contour and can be removed from the device after reopening the tool parts. After opening the tool parts, the second portion of the molding can be flown with air.
- one or more of the tool parts is cooled temporarily or permanently, that is before, during and / or after the hot forming. This applies at least to a heated second tool section, but can also apply to a first tool section.
- a hot-forming cutting apparatus for producing a metallic molding comprising: an upper tool part; a lower tool part; wherein the upper tool part and the lower tool part can be closed in order to transform a semi-finished product inserted between the upper tool part and the lower tool part into a shaped part; wherein at least one of the upper and lower tool parts has a first tool portion which comes into contact with a first portion of the semifinished product when closing, wherein the first tool portion comprises a first tempering device with which the first tool portion is adjustable to a first temperature; wherein at least one of the upper and lower tool parts has a second tool portion which comes into contact with a second portion of the semifinished product upon closing; wherein the second tool portion comprises a second tempering device with which the second tool portion is adjustable to a second temperature which is higher than the first temperature of the first tool portion, wherein the second tool portion further comprises a channel arrangement for cooling, which can be flowed through by a fluid; wherein at least one of the upper and lower tool parts in at
- the same advantages already mentioned in connection with the method result.
- the device moldings can be hot-formed, trimmed and partially hardened in one step.
- the device enables the production of a near net shape molded part with the desired material properties. It is understood that the method and apparatus belong together insofar as all procedural features are transferable to the apparatus and vice versa, all device-related features on the method.
- a molded part produced using the device or the method is particularly suitable as a structural component for use in a vehicle body or a running gear of a motor vehicle.
- the first temperature control device is designed to cool the first tool section so fast that the molded part is hardened in the first partial region.
- the first tempering device may have a cooling channel arrangement through which a cooling medium can flow.
- the cooling channels extend through the tool in such a way that the tool surface coming into contact with the first subregion is cooled.
- a cooling medium for example, water can be used.
- the second tempering device is configured to heat the second tool section, so that the molded part in the second partial area receives a higher ductility than in the first partial area.
- tempering heater cartridges can be used, which are arranged in corresponding cavities of the second tool section. The heating cartridges are arranged in the areas of the tool in which the component is to receive a higher ductility by heating. The heat of the heating cartridges is transferred to the tool and from there to the component.
- a channel arrangement for cooling which can be flowed through by a fluid, is also provided in the second tool section. This can prevent overheating of the tool become. It is understood that such a channel arrangement can also be provided in the first tool section.
- the first and the second tool section each have at least one molding surface which comes into contact with the component during closing, wherein at least a part number of channels of the channel arrangement can be designed such that they open into one of the molding surfaces.
- air is preferably used as the fluid which can be blown to the component. As a result, the molded part is cooled, wherein the air also has a cooling effect for the molded part at the same time.
- cooling channels have no mouth to the molding surface, but only in the interior of the tool at a distance from the surface.
- the cooling channels can be arranged in particular at a deeper distance from the tool surface than parts of the tempering device for heating the tool.
- a second tool portion and a first tool portion may be separated by an insulating material or a gap.
- the gap acts as an insulation between the two tool sections, so that they do not influence each other in an undesirable manner with regard to the temperature to be set.
- a first and a second tool section can connect directly, that is, without a gap, to one another.
- a cutting tool for trimming the formed part may in principle be arranged at any desired point of the hot forming cutting device, in which a trimming of the molded part is required.
- a cutting tool can be arranged in an edge region of the first and / or second tool section, so that a protruding edge of the molding is cut off. In this way, the moldings can be produced close to the final contour in the combined hot-forming cutting device in an advantageous manner.
- a further cutting tool can also be arranged in a central region of the molded part to be produced, that is to say at a distance from the edge, for example to produce passage openings or bores there.
- a cutting tool of the hot stamping-cutting apparatus comprises a cutting punch connected to one of the upper and lower tool parts, and a cutting die connected to the other of the upper and lower tool parts and an exemption for board waste.
- the hot forming cutting device is designed with respect to the movement mechanism for the hot forming and cutting process so that the cutting takes place before the press-hardening of the molded part.
- the cutting tool performs the cut on the molding before the molding is cooled by full surface contact with the cooled tool parts.
- FIGS. 1 to 7 will be described together below.
- a hot forming cutting device 2 is shown in cross section, which serves for the production of a three-dimensional metallic molded part.
- Starting material for the production of the three-dimensional molded part 20 is a semi-finished product 19, in particular a sheet steel plate, which can also be referred to as a shaped cut or flat component.
- the semifinished product 19 can be made of strip material made of sheet steel.
- the strip material can be produced by rolling after prior heating (hot strip) and / or the strip material can be cold-rolled, the last reduction in thickness being effected by rolling without prior heating (cold strip).
- the semifinished product to be formed may have a uniform sheet thickness over the length or width of the component. It is also possible that the semifinished product has regions of different thickness. These can be produced in several ways, for example by means of flexible rolling (Tailor Rolled Blanks), strip profile rolls or by welding individual metal sheets with different sheet thickness (Tailor Welded Blanks).
- strip material having a substantially uniform sheet thickness is rolled out over the length by varying the roll gap during the process into strip material of variable sheet thickness.
- the sections of different thickness produced by the flexible rolling extend transversely to the longitudinal direction or to the rolling direction of the strip material.
- strip rolling sheet material, that is, strip material or individual sheet elements, is rolled with substantially uniform thickness through a rolled section into sheet material of variable thickness across the width of the material.
- the sections of different thickness produced by strip profile rollers extend in the longitudinal direction of the sheet material.
- band profile rolling which is also referred to as roll forming, individual areas of the sheet material are stretched outwards.
- the hot-forming cutting device 2 can be processed arbitrarily manufactured boards 19 for molding 20.
- the specific design of the hot-forming cutting device 2 is based on the contour of the molded part to be produced.
- the device 2 shown here is used to produce a molding for the B-pillar of a motor vehicle.
- a shaped section 19 for producing the B-pillar is shown in plan view in FIG FIG. 3 shown.
- the three-dimensional B-pillar 20 produced from the flat shaped section 19 is shown in FIG FIG. 4 shown.
- the B-pillar 20 has an approximately hat-shaped profile when viewed in cross-section.
- the hot-forming cutting device 2 shown for producing the B-pillar 20 has a plurality of upper tool parts 3, 4, 5, and a plurality of lower tool parts 6, 7, 8, between which the flat semi-finished product is inserted and by relative movement of the upper tool parts 3, 4, 5 in the direction of tool lower parts 6, 7, 8 is formed into a three-dimensional molded part.
- the lower tool parts 6, 7, 8 are mounted on support elements 9, 10.
- the hot-forming cutting device 2 further comprises a plurality of cutting tools 11, 12, which are designed to trim the molded part 20.
- the cutting tools 11, 12 each comprise a cutting edge 31, 32 and a counter-blade 33, 34, which cooperate in closing the device to cut off a projecting part of the molding.
- the cutting, respectively counter cutting which can also be referred to as a punch and cutting die, are preferably made of a hardened material. It can be seen that the sheaths 31, 33 are each arranged in lateral recesses of the tool lower part 7 and are firmly connected thereto. This is done via, for example, means Screw connections, as the holes 22 in the tool part 7 reveal, with other common types of connection are also conceivable.
- the upper tool parts 3, 4, 5 and the lower tool parts 6, 7, 8 each have near-surface tool sections 13, 14, 15; 16, 17, 18, which come into contact with the semifinished product when closing the tool. Due to the closing movement of the upper tool parts relative to the lower tool parts, the planar board arranged therebetween is shaped into the three-dimensional molded part 20.
- the cutting tools 11, 12 are arranged in relation to the forming tool sections so that the trimming occurs when the semi-finished product 19 is already largely converted to the molding 20, but before the device 2 is completely closed, that is before the molding 20 in full surface contact is press-hardened with the tool parts.
- tempering devices 23, 24, 25; 26, 27, 28 provided to temper the near-surface tool sections, the tempering may be a cooling and / or heating. It is envisaged that at least one of the upper and lower tool parts 3, 4, 5; 6, 7, 8 has two different tempering device such that a first tempering of the tool part for cooling and a second tempering for heating the tool part is configured.
- the upper tool part 3 whose tempering device 23 has a first tempering device 23A, which serves to selectively cool the associated first tool section 13A to a first temperature T1, and has a second tempering device 23B, which heats up the associated second tool section 13B a second temperature T2 is higher than the first temperature T1.
- the first temperature T1 for the first tool section 13A is adjusted so that the molding 20 is hardened in this area during pressing between the upper tool parts 3, 4, 5 and the lower tool parts 6, 7, 8.
- the component 19 becomes such starting from the hardening temperature Cooled quickly with critical cooling rate that a material structure with high hardness or high strength arises.
- the second tool portion 13B is heated to the second temperature T2, which may be, for example, between 300 ° C and 600 ° C.
- T2 the second temperature
- the molding 20 obtains higher ductility and lower strength in this area than in the hardened first area.
- the lower tool parts 6, 7, 8 are designed according to the desired structural properties of the molded part 20 opposite to the upper tool parts 3, 4, 5. That is, the first tool portion 17A of the lower tool part 7 facing the cooled first tool portion 13A of the upper tool part 3 is also cooled, while the second tool portion 17B of the lower tool part 7 facing the heated second tool portion 13B of the upper tool part 3 is also heated.
- the first tempering devices 23A, 27A of the upper tool part 3 and the lower tool part 7 each have a cooling channel arrangement with a plurality of cooling channels through which a cooling medium can flow.
- the cooling channels extend in such a way through the upper die part 3 or the lower die part 7 that the tool surface coming into contact with the part region 21B of the semifinished product or component 19 that is to be cooled is cooled.
- a cooling medium for example, water can be used.
- heating cartridges can be used, which are inserted into corresponding cavities of the second tool sections. In this case, the heat of the heating cartridges is transferred to the second tool sections 13B, 17B and from these to the intermediate semifinished product or component 19.
- the cutting tool 11 is arranged in the region of the heated second tool sections 23B, 27B of the upper and lower tool parts 3, 7 is.
- the trimming of the molded part 20 thus takes place in a partial area 21B, which has a higher ductility due to the heating than in the cooled partial areas 21A.
- one or more further cutting tools can also be provided in tool sections which are designed for press hardening of the molded part, which however is not critical for the wear of the cutting tool as the trimming during the press stroke in time before the complete flat concerns of the tool parts. 3 4, 5; 6, 7, 8 takes place on the component and thus before the curing of the molded part.
- the holding period of the molding 20 between the fully closed tool parts 3, 4, 5; 6, 7, 8 can be between 0.5 seconds to 360 seconds. After the holding period, the molded part 20 has its final contour and the desired structure and, after reopening the tool parts 3, 4, 5; 6, 7, 8 are removed from the device.
- a method according to the invention for producing a partially hardened metallic molded part 20 with a hardened first partial area 21A and a ductile second partial area 21B thus comprises the following steps, as in FIG FIG. 5 schematically shown: heating of the semi-finished product 19, which is made of a curable thermoformable steel sheet, at least in the first portion 21B to a hardening temperature (step S10). This can be done, for example, inductively or in an oven. Subsequently, the semi-finished product 19 in the combined hot-forming cutting device 2 is hot-formed into the three-dimensional molded part 20 (step S20); If the semifinished product is at least largely converted to the molded part 20, the molded part 20 is cut in the hot-forming cutting device 2 (step S30).
- the molded part 20 is press-hardened in the hot-forming cutting device 2 such that a first partial region 21A is hardened by rapid cooling, and that a second partial region 21B of the molded article 20 is heated by a higher ductility and lower strength is generated than the first portion 21A.
- the component 19 is cut in the hot forming cutting device 2 at least in the second portion 21B of the cutting tool 11, which preferably takes place in time before curing.
- FIG. 4 A B-pillar as a molded article 20 produced in the hot-forming cutter 2 according to the method is shown in FIG FIG. 4 shown.
- This has regions 21B with increased ductility and low strength, which are darkened in the drawing, and a hardened region 21A with increased strength and low ductility. At least parts of the areas 21B are hot cut. It is understood that this embodiment is only an example and that the specific embodiment of the molded part 20 depends on the technical requirements placed on it.
- FIG. 6 shows a hot-forming cutting device 2 according to the invention in a modified embodiment. This corresponds largely to the embodiment according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 , so that reference is made to the above description in terms of similarities. The same or corresponding details are provided with the same reference numerals as in the FIGS. 1 and 2 ,
- a difference of the present embodiment is that only one upper tool part 3 and a lower tool part 6 are provided.
- the upper tool part 3 and the lower tool part 6 each have a first tool section 13A, 17A which is cooled for press-hardening of the molded part 20, wherein the cooling channels are not shown for the sake of simplicity.
- the upper tool part 3 and the lower tool part 6 each have a second tool section 13B, 17B, which are each equipped with tempering devices 23B, 27B for heating the component 19.
- the temperature control devices 23B, 27B are designed in the form of heating plates whose temperature T2 can be set via corresponding temperature regulators.
- the heated second tool sections 13B, 17B are insulated from the cooled first tool sections 13A, 17A by insulation material 37, 38 or air gaps.
- a cutting tool 11 can be seen in the region of the heated second tool sections 13B, 17B of the upper and lower tool parts 3, 7.
- Cutting edge 31 is fixedly connected to the upper tool part 3, for example by a screw, and the counter-blade 33 is associated with the lower tool part 7 or fixedly connected.
- a recess 35 is provided which serves as an exemption for the cut edge of the component 19.
- a second cutting tool 12 in the edge region of the cooled first tool sections 13A, 17A of the upper and lower tool part 3, 7 can be seen.
- the cutting edge 32 is fixedly connected to the upper tool part 3, while the counter-blade 34 is connected to the lower tool part 7.
- a recess 36 is provided as an exemption for board waste.
- trimming of the molding 20 is performed both in a tool section 13A, 17A cooled to harden the molding and in a tool section 13B, 17B heated to produce ductility.
- FIG. 7 shows a hot-forming cutting device 2 according to the invention in a modified further embodiment. This corresponds largely to the embodiment according to FIG. 6 , or the FIGS. 1 and 2 , so that reference is made to the above description in terms of similarities. The same or corresponding details are provided with the same reference numerals FIG. 6 , respectively the FIGS. 1 and 2 ,
- the second tool sections 13B, 17B are each equipped with a cooling device.
- the cooling device comprises a channel arrangement 39, 40 with a plurality of channels which extend through the second tool sections 13B, 17B and open into the shaping surface.
- the cooling device has two functions, namely the cooling of the second tool sections 13 B, 17 B, in order to avoid overheating, as well as the blowing of the component in order to cool it after the reopening of the device 2. Air is used as the cooling medium.
- the devices according to the invention and the method carried out with them offer as an advantage that moldings can be hot-formed, trimmed and press-hardened in one process step. It is produced a near-net shape molding with the desired material properties.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines partiell gehärteten Formteils, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Strukturbauteil eines Kraftfahrzeugs.The invention relates to a method and a device for producing a partially cured molded part, in particular for use as a structural component of a motor vehicle.
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Formteile, insbesondere als Strukturbauteile von Kraftfahrzeugen, sollen unterschiedliche, einander teilweise widersprechende technische Eigenschaften haben. So sollen Formteile in Teilbereichen eine hohe Härte beziehungsweise Festigkeit und niedrige Duktilität aufweisen, während in anderen Teilbereichen wiederum eine niedrige Härte beziehungsweise Festigkeit und eine hohe Duktilität gewünscht sind. Daraus leitet sich die Anforderung ab, Formteile endkonturnah und gezielt mit den gewünschten Werkstoffeigenschaften herzustellen.Moldings, in particular as structural components of motor vehicles, should have different, partially contradictory technical properties. For example, moldings in subregions should have a high hardness or strength and low ductility, while in other subregions, in turn, a low hardness or strength and a high ductility are desired. From this, the requirement is derived to produce molded parts near the final contour and specifically with the desired material properties.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von partiell gehärteten Formteilen vorzuschlagen, welches sich einfach und schnell durchführen lässt und mit dem sich die Formteile endkonturnah herstellen lassen. Die Aufgabe besteht ferner darin, eine entsprechende Vorrichtung vorzuschlagen, welche die Herstellung gehärteter Formteile mit hoher Genauigkeit und kurzen Taktzeiten ermöglicht.The present invention is therefore based on the object to propose a process for the preparation of partially cured moldings, which can be carried out easily and quickly and with which the moldings can produce near net shape. The object is also to propose a corresponding device, which allows the production of hardened moldings with high accuracy and short cycle times.
Eine Lösung besteht in einem Verfahren zur Herstellung eines partiell gehärteten metallischen Formteils, mit den Schritten: Erwärmen eines Halbzeugs aus einem härtbaren warmumformbaren Stahlblech auf eine Härtetemperatur; Warmumformen des erwärmten Halbzeugs in einer kombinierten Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung zu einem dreidimensionalen Formteil, wobei die kombinierte Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung ein oberes Werkzeugteil und ein unteres Werkzeugteil aufweist, die zum Warmumformen des Halbzeugs geschlossen werden; Beschneiden des Formteils in der kombinierten Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung; Presshärten des Formteils in der Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung zu einem gehärteten Formteil, wobei zumindest eines von dem oberen Werkzeugteil und dem unteren Werkzeugteil einen ersten Werkzeugabschnitt aufweist, der beim Warmumformen und Presshärten mit einem ersten Teilbereich des Formteils in Kontakt kommt, wobei der erste Werkzeugabschnitt gekühlt wird, so dass der erste Teilbereich durch schnelles Abkühlen gehärtet wird, und, wobei zumindest eines von dem oberen Werkzeugteil und dem unteren Werkzeugteil einen zweiten Werkzeugabschnitt aufweist, der beim Warmumformen und Presshärten mit einem zweiten Teilbereich des Halbzeugs in Kontakt kommt, wobei der zweite Werkzeugabschnitt erwärmt wird, so dass ein zweiter Teilbereich des Formteils durch Erwärmen mit einer höheren Duktilität und niedrigeren Festigkeit erzeugt wird als der erste Teilbereich, wobei ferner vorgesehen ist, dass der zweite Werkzeugabschnitt zeitweise oder permanent gekühlt wird, um ein Überhitzen zu vermeiden; wobei das Beschneiden des Formteils zumindest in einem von dem ersten Teilbereich und dem zweiten Teilbereich erfolgt.A solution is a method for producing a partially cured metallic molding, comprising the steps of: heating a semifinished product of a hardenable thermoformable steel sheet to a hardening temperature; Hot working the heated semi-finished product into a three-dimensional molded part in a combined hot-forming cutting device, the combined hot-forming cutting device having an upper tool part and a lower tool part which are closed to hot-work the semi-finished product; Trimming the molding in the combined hot stamping-cutting apparatus; Press-hardening the molded article in the hot-forming cutting device into a hardened molded article, wherein at least one of the upper tool part and the lower tool part has a first tool portion that contacts a first portion of the molded article during hot working and press hardening is cooled, so that the first portion is cured by rapid cooling, and, wherein at least one of the upper tool part and the lower tool part has a second tool portion which comes into contact with a second portion of the semifinished product during hot working and press hardening, wherein the second Tool section is heated, so that a second portion of the molding is produced by heating with a higher ductility and lower strength than the first portion, wherein it is further provided that the second tool portion is temporarily or permanently cooled to overheat avoid; wherein the trimming of the molding takes place at least in one of the first subregion and the second subregion.
Ein Vorteil des Verfahrens besteht darin, dass sich in einem Prozessschritt Formteile warmumformen, beschneiden und presshärten lassen. Eine Nachbearbeitung durch einen gesonderten Beschneidevorgang in einem separaten Beschneidewerkzeug kann entfallen. Ungewünschte Veränderungen hinsichtlich Form und Gefüge der Formteile können minimiert werden. Es wird auf einfache Weise ein endkonturnahes Formteil mit den gewünschten Werkstoffeigenschaften erzeugt. Mit zumindest einem von dem ersten und dem zweiten Teilbereich ist gemeint, dass das Beschneiden in dem ersten Teilbereich und/oder in dem zweiten Teilbereich erfolgen kann.An advantage of the method is that mold parts can be hot-formed, trimmed and press-hardened in one process step. Post-processing by a separate pruning in a separate trimming tool can be omitted. Unwanted changes in the form and structure of the moldings can be minimized. It is produced in a simple manner a near-net shape molding with the desired material properties. By at least one of the first and second sub-areas is meant that trimming in the first subarea and / or in the second subarea.
Das Erwärmen auf Härtetemperatur kann derart erfolgen, dass das gesamte Ausgangsbauteil erhitzt wird oder partiell nur die zu härtenden Teilbereiche. Mit Härtetemperatur ist in diesem Zusammenhang eine Temperatur des Halbzeugs beziehungsweise Bauteils gemeint, die mindestens erforderlich ist, um das Bauteil anschließend durch schnelles Abkühlen (Abschrecken) zu härten. Bei Austenit bildenden Stählen wäre die minimale Härtetemperatur beispielsweise die Austenitisierungstemperatur. Das schnelle Abkühlen (Abschrecken) erfolgt insbesondere unterhalb der kritischen Abkühlgeschwindigkeit, so dass es zur Ausbildung eines martensitischen Härtegefüges kommt.The heating to hardening temperature can be carried out such that the entire output member is heated or partially only the partial areas to be cured. By hardening temperature in this context is meant a temperature of the semifinished product or component which is at least necessary in order subsequently to harden the component by rapid cooling (quenching). For austenitic steels, for example, the minimum hardening temperature would be the austenitizing temperature. The rapid cooling (quenching) takes place in particular below the critical cooling rate, so that it comes to the formation of a martensitic hardness structure.
Das Beschneiden des Formteils kann zumindest in einem zweiten Teilbereich erfolgen, der erwärmt wird und damit weicher ist als der zu härtende erste Teilbereich. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Schneideoperation einfacher durchgeführt werden kann und das Schneidwerkzeug nur einem geringen Verschleiß unterliegt. Mit der Formulierung zumindest ein erster beziehungsweise zweiter Teilbereich soll im Rahmen dieser Offenbarung insbesondere mit umfasst sein, dass das Formteil jeweils ein oder mehrere erste und zweite Teilbereiche aufweisen kann. Es ist vorgesehen, dass zumindest einer der weicheren zweiten Teilbereiche beschnitten wird, wobei nicht ausgeschlossen ist, dass weitere zweite Teilbereiche unbeschnitten bleiben können und/oder, dass auch ein oder mehrere erste Teilbereiche vor dem Presshärten teilweise oder vollständig beschnitten werden. Sofern vorliegend von einem oder dem ersten Teilbereich oder einem oder dem zweiten Teilbereich die Rede ist, soll dies stets im Sinne von zumindest einem der jeweiligen Teilbereiche gemeint sein.The trimming of the molded part can take place at least in a second partial area, which is heated and thus softer than the first partial area to be hardened. This has the advantage that the cutting operation can be carried out more easily and the cutting tool is subject to only little wear. With the formulation, at least one first or second subarea is to be encompassed within the scope of this disclosure in particular that the molded part can each have one or more first and second subregions. It is envisaged that at least one of the softer second subregions will be trimmed, wherein it is not excluded that further second subregions may remain untrimmed and / or that one or more first subregions may be partially or completely trimmed prior to press hardening. If in the present case one or the first subarea or one or the second subarea is mentioned, this should always be meant in the sense of at least one of the respective subareas.
Als auch als Halbzeug bezeichnetes Ausgangsmaterial für das herzustellende Formteil kann insbesondere eine Platine aus Stahlblech verwendet werden. Die Platine kann eine einheitliche oder variable Blechdicke über der Länge und/oder Breite aufweisen. Die Herstellung einer Platine mit variabler Blechdicke kann beispielsweise durch Flexibles Walzen von Bandmaterial und anschließendes Ausschneiden der Platine aus dem flexibel gewalzten Bandmaterial erfolgen, oder durch Aneinanderschweißen von Teilplatinen mit unterschiedlicher Blechdicke.As well as semifinished starting material for the molded part to be produced in particular a board made of sheet steel can be used. The board may have a uniform or variable sheet thickness over the length and / or width. The production of a board with variable sheet thickness can for example be done by flexible rolling of strip material and subsequent cutting of the board from the flexibly rolled strip material, or by welding together of partial boards with different sheet thickness.
Nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung wird das Halbzeug beziehungsweise Bauteil während des Warmumformens in einem randseitigen zweiten Teilbereich erwärmt. Das heißt mindestens einer der weicheren zweiten Teilbereiche bildet eine Randzone des Formteils, welche im Rahmen des kombinierten Warmumform-, Schneide- und Presshärteprozesses beschnitten wird. Auf diese Weise erhält das Formteil seine Endkontur, so dass ein separater Beschneidevorgang entfallen kann. Der zweite Teilbereich kann optional vor, während und/oder nach dem Warmumformen mit Luft beströmt werden. Dies gilt alternativ oder in Ergänzung auch für den zu härtenden ersten Teilbereich, der zumindest partiell mit Luft beströmt werden kann. In dem zu härtenden ersten Teilbereich hat das kurzzeitige Beströmen mit Luft die Funktion, dass eine übermäßige Wanddickenreduktion aufgrund hoher Temperaturen verhindert wird.According to a preferred embodiment, the semifinished product or component is heated during the hot forming in a peripheral second portion. That is, at least one of the softer second subregions forms an edge zone of the molded part, which is trimmed in the context of the combined hot forming, cutting and pressing hardening process. In this way, the molding receives its final contour, so that a separate trimming process can be omitted. The second subregion can optionally be flown with air before, during and / or after the hot forming. This applies alternatively or in addition to the first part to be cured, which can be at least partially flowed with air. In the first partial area to be hardened, the short-term flow of air has the function of preventing excessive wall thickness reduction due to high temperatures.
Die kombinierte Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung weist zumindest ein oberes Werkzeugteil und zumindest ein unteres Werkzeugteil auf, die zum Warmumformen des Bauteils geschlossen werden, wobei das Beschneiden insbesondere während oder nach dem Schließen der Werkzeugteile erfolgt. Das Schließen der Werkzeugteile kann dadurch erfolgen, dass nur eines der beiden Werkzeugteile bewegt wird, während das andere ortsfest ist, oder dadurch, dass beide Werkzeugteile aufeinander zu bewegt werden. Zum Warmumformen wird das Halbzeug, welches zumindest in Teilbereichen auf Härtetemperatur erwärmt ist, zwischen das obere und untere Werkzeugteil eingelegt. Beim Zusammenpressen der beiden Werkzeugteile überträgt sich die Kontur des Formwerkzeugs auf das Halbzeug, welches somit zum Formteil umgeformt wird. Sofern zu härtende erste Teilbereiche zu beschneiden sind, erfolgt deren Beschnitt vorzugsweise bevor die Werkzeugteile vollständig geschlossen sind. Die zweiten Teilbereiche mit höherer Duktilität können prinzipiell zu jeder Zeit beschnitten werden, das heißt vor, während und/oder nach dem vollständigen Schließen. Durch das vollständige Schließen, was dem Ende des Pressenhubes entspricht, kommen diese in flächigen Anlagekontakt mit dem Formteil, so dass der erste Teilbereich schnell abgekühlt und damit gehärtet wird. Der zweite Teilbereich wird während des Umformens und Pressens in dem Werkzeug erwärmt. Hierfür hat zumindest eines der Werkzeugteile eine entsprechende Temperiereinrichtung, mit der das Werkzeug in dem mit dem zweiten Teilbereich in Kontakt kommenden Abschnitt erwärmt werden kann.The combined hot-forming cutting device has at least one upper tool part and at least one lower tool part, which are closed for hot forming of the component, wherein the trimming takes place in particular during or after the closing of the tool parts. The closing of the tool parts can take place in that only one of the two tool parts is moved while the other is stationary, or in that both tool parts are moved towards each other. For hot forming, the semi-finished product, which is heated to hardening temperature at least in some areas, is inserted between the upper and lower tool parts. When the two tool parts are pressed together, the contour of the molding tool is transferred to the semifinished product, which is thus shaped into the molded part. If the first partial areas to be cured are to be trimmed, they are preferably trimmed before the tool parts are completely closed. The second subsections with higher ductility can in principle be trimmed at any time, that is before, during and / or after complete closure. Due to the complete closing, which corresponds to the end of the press stroke, they come into planar contact with the molded part, so that the first part area is rapidly cooled and thus hardened. The second portion is heated during the forming and pressing in the tool. For this purpose, at least one of the tool parts has a corresponding tempering device, with which the tool can be heated in the coming into contact with the second portion portion.
Nach dem Schließen der Werkzeugteile kann das Formteil in dem zweiten Teilbereich auf einer definierten Temperatur gehalten werden, die insbesondere zwischen 300°C und 600°C liegt. Die Haltedauer des Formteils zwischen den geschlossenen Werkzeugteilen kann zwischen 0,5 Sekunden bis 360 Sekunden liegen. Am Ende des Pressenhubes, das heißt wenn das Bauteil zumindest weitestgehend umgeformt ist, wird der zweite Teilbereich beschnitten. Das Formteil hat nunmehr seine Endkontur und kann nach dem erneuten Öffnen der Werkzeugteile aus der Vorrichtung entnommen werden. Nach dem Öffnen der Werkzeugteile kann der zweite Teilbereich des Formteils mit Luft beströmt werden. Um ein Überhitzen des temperierten Werkzeugteiles zu vermeiden, ist als weiterer Prozessschritt vorgesehen, dass ein oder mehrere der Werkzeugteile zeitweise oder permanent gekühlt wird, das heißt vor, während und/oder nach dem Warmumformen. Dies gilt zumindest für einen erwärmten zweiten Werkzeugabschnitt, kann aber auch für einen ersten Werkzeugabschnitt gelten.After closing the tool parts, the molded part can be kept in the second partial area at a defined temperature, which is in particular between 300 ° C and 600 ° C. The holding time of the molded part between the closed tool parts can be between 0.5 seconds to 360 seconds. At the end of the press stroke, that is, when the component is at least largely transformed, the second portion is trimmed. The molding now has its final contour and can be removed from the device after reopening the tool parts. After opening the tool parts, the second portion of the molding can be flown with air. In order to avoid overheating of the tempered tool part, it is provided as a further process step that one or more of the tool parts is cooled temporarily or permanently, that is before, during and / or after the hot forming. This applies at least to a heated second tool section, but can also apply to a first tool section.
Die oben genannte Aufgabe wird ferner gelöst durch eine Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines metallischen Formteils, umfassend: ein oberes Werkzeugteil; ein unteres Werkzeugteil; wobei das obere Werkzeugteil und das untere Werkzeugteil geschlossen werden können, um ein zwischen das obere Werkzeugteil und das untere Werkzeugteil eingelegtes Halbzeug zu einem Formteil umzuformen; wobei zumindest eines von dem oberen und dem unteren Werkzeugteil einen ersten Werkzeugabschnitt aufweist, der beim Schließen mit einem ersten Teilbereich des Halbzeugs Kontakt kommt, wobei der erste Werkzeugabschnitt eine erste Temperiereinrichtung umfasst, mit der der erste Werkzeugabschnitt auf eine erste Temperatur einstellbar ist; wobei zumindest eines von dem oberen und dem unteren Werkzeugteil einen zweiten Werkzeugabschnitt aufweist, der beim Schließen mit einem zweiten Teilbereich des Halbzeugs Kontakt kommt; wobei der zweite Werkzeugabschnitt eine zweite Temperiereinrichtung umfasst, mit der der zweite Werkzeugabschnitt auf eine zweite Temperatur einstellbar ist, die höher ist als die erste Temperatur des ersten Werkzeugabschnitts, wobei der zweite Werkzeugabschnitt ferner eine Kanalanordnung zum Kühlen aufweist, die von einem Fluid durchströmbar ist; wobei zumindest eines von dem oberen und dem unteren Werkzeugteil in zumindest einem von dem ersten Werkzeugabschnitt und dem zweiten Werkzeugabschnitt zumindest ein Schneidwerkzeug aufweist, welches ausgestaltet ist, um das Formteil in dem jeweiligen ersten beziehungsweise zweiten Teilbereich zu beschneiden.The above object is further achieved by a hot-forming cutting apparatus for producing a metallic molding, comprising: an upper tool part; a lower tool part; wherein the upper tool part and the lower tool part can be closed in order to transform a semi-finished product inserted between the upper tool part and the lower tool part into a shaped part; wherein at least one of the upper and lower tool parts has a first tool portion which comes into contact with a first portion of the semifinished product when closing, wherein the first tool portion comprises a first tempering device with which the first tool portion is adjustable to a first temperature; wherein at least one of the upper and lower tool parts has a second tool portion which comes into contact with a second portion of the semifinished product upon closing; wherein the second tool portion comprises a second tempering device with which the second tool portion is adjustable to a second temperature which is higher than the first temperature of the first tool portion, wherein the second tool portion further comprises a channel arrangement for cooling, which can be flowed through by a fluid; wherein at least one of the upper and lower tool parts in at least one of the first tool portion and the second tool portion at least one Cutting tool which is designed to trim the molding in the respective first and second sub-area.
Mit der genannten Vorrichtung ergeben sich dieselben im Zusammenhang mit dem Verfahren bereits genannten Vorteile. Insbesondere lassen sich mit der Vorrichtung Formteile in einem Schritt warmumformen, beschneiden und partiell härten. Die Vorrichtung ermöglicht die Herstellung eines endkonturnahen Formteils mit den gewünschten Werkstoffeigenschaften. Es versteht sich, dass Verfahren und Vorrichtung insoweit zusammengehören, als dass sämtliche verfahrensbezogene Merkmale auf die Vorrichtung übertragbar sind und umgekehrt, sämtliche vorrichtungsbezogenen Merkmale auf das Verfahren. Ein mit der Vorrichtung beziehungsweise dem Verfahren hergestelltes Formteil eignet sich besonders als Strukturbauteil zur Verwendung in einer Fahrzeugkarosserie oder einem Fahrwerk eines Kraftfahrzeugs.With the mentioned device, the same advantages already mentioned in connection with the method result. In particular, with the device moldings can be hot-formed, trimmed and partially hardened in one step. The device enables the production of a near net shape molded part with the desired material properties. It is understood that the method and apparatus belong together insofar as all procedural features are transferable to the apparatus and vice versa, all device-related features on the method. A molded part produced using the device or the method is particularly suitable as a structural component for use in a vehicle body or a running gear of a motor vehicle.
Es ist vorgesehen, dass die erste Temperiereinrichtung ausgestaltet ist, um den ersten Werkzeugabschnitt derart schnell zu kühlen, dass das Formteil in dem ersten Teilbereich gehärtet wird. Hierfür kann die erste Temperiereinrichtung eine Kühlkanalanordnung aufweisen, die von einem Kühlmedium durchströmbar ist. Die Kühlkanäle verlaufen derart durch das Werkzeug, dass die mit dem ersten Teilbereich in Kontakt kommende Werkzeugoberfläche abgekühlt wird. Als Kühlmedium kann beispielsweise Wasser verwendet werden. Es ist ferner vorgesehen, dass die zweite Temperiereinrichtung ausgestaltet ist, um den zweiten Werkzeugabschnitt zu erwärmen, so dass das Formteil in dem zweiten Teilbereich eine höhere Duktilität erhält als in dem ersten Teilbereich. Als Temperiereinrichtung können Heizpatronen verwendet werden, die in entsprechenden Hohlräumen des zweiten Werkzeugabschnitts angeordnet sind. Die Heizpatronen sind in den Bereichen des Werkzeugs anordnet, in denen das Bauteil durch Erwärmung eine höhere Duktilität erhalten soll. Dabei überträgt sich die Wärme der Heizpatronen auf das Werkzeug und von diesem auf das Bauteil.It is provided that the first temperature control device is designed to cool the first tool section so fast that the molded part is hardened in the first partial region. For this purpose, the first tempering device may have a cooling channel arrangement through which a cooling medium can flow. The cooling channels extend through the tool in such a way that the tool surface coming into contact with the first subregion is cooled. As a cooling medium, for example, water can be used. It is further provided that the second tempering device is configured to heat the second tool section, so that the molded part in the second partial area receives a higher ductility than in the first partial area. As tempering heater cartridges can be used, which are arranged in corresponding cavities of the second tool section. The heating cartridges are arranged in the areas of the tool in which the component is to receive a higher ductility by heating. The heat of the heating cartridges is transferred to the tool and from there to the component.
Zusätzlich zur Temperiereinrichtung zum Erwärmen des Werkzeugs ist im zweiten Werkzeugabschnitt auch eine Kanalanordnung zum Kühlen vorgesehen, die von einem Fluid durchströmbar ist. Hiermit kann ein Überhitzen des Werkzeugs verhindert werden. Es versteht sich, dass eine solche Kanalanordnung auch im ersten Werkzeugabschnitt vorgesehen sein kann. Der erste und der zweite Werkzeugabschnitt weisen jeweils zumindest eine Formfläche auf, die beim Schließen mit dem Bauteil in Kontakt kommt, wobei zumindest eine Teilzahl von Kanälen der Kanalanordnung so gestaltet sein kann, dass sie in eine der Formflächen münden. In diesem Fall wird vorzugsweise Luft als Fluid verwendet, die an das Bauteil angeblasen werden kann. Hierdurch wird das Formteil gekühlt, wobei die Luft gleichzeitig auch eine Kühlwirkung für das Formteil hat. Es ist auch eine Ausgestaltung denkbar, bei der die Kühlkanäle keine Mündung zur Formfläche aufweisen, sondern lediglich im Innern des Werkzeugs mit Abstand zur Oberfläche verlaufen. Dabei können die Kühlkanäle insbesondere mit tieferem Abstand zur Werkzeugoberfläche angeordnet sein als Teile der Temperiereinrichtung zum Erwärmen des Werkzeugs.In addition to the tempering device for heating the tool, a channel arrangement for cooling, which can be flowed through by a fluid, is also provided in the second tool section. This can prevent overheating of the tool become. It is understood that such a channel arrangement can also be provided in the first tool section. The first and the second tool section each have at least one molding surface which comes into contact with the component during closing, wherein at least a part number of channels of the channel arrangement can be designed such that they open into one of the molding surfaces. In this case, air is preferably used as the fluid which can be blown to the component. As a result, the molded part is cooled, wherein the air also has a cooling effect for the molded part at the same time. It is also conceivable embodiment in which the cooling channels have no mouth to the molding surface, but only in the interior of the tool at a distance from the surface. In this case, the cooling channels can be arranged in particular at a deeper distance from the tool surface than parts of the tempering device for heating the tool.
Nach einer Ausführungsform können ein zweiter Werkzeugabschnitt und ein erster Werkzeugabschnitt durch ein Isoliermaterial oder einen Spalt voneinander getrennt sein. In letzterem Fall wirkt der Spalt als Isolierung zwischen den zwei Werkzeugabschnitten, so dass diese sich hinsichtlich der einzustellenden Temperatur nicht gegenseitig in ungewünschter Weise beeinflussen. Alternativ oder in Ergänzung können ein erster und ein zweiter Werkzeugabschnitt unmittelbar, das heißt spaltlos aneinander anschließen.In one embodiment, a second tool portion and a first tool portion may be separated by an insulating material or a gap. In the latter case, the gap acts as an insulation between the two tool sections, so that they do not influence each other in an undesirable manner with regard to the temperature to be set. Alternatively or in addition, a first and a second tool section can connect directly, that is, without a gap, to one another.
Ein Schneidwerkzeug zum Beschneiden des umgeformten Formteils kann prinzipiell an jeder gewünschten Stelle der Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung angeordnet sein, in der ein Beschneiden des Formteils erforderlich ist. Insbesondere kann ein Schneidwerkzeug in einem Randbereich des ersten und/oder zweiten Werkzeugabschnitts angeordnet sein, so dass ein überstehender Rand des Formteils abgeschnitten wird. Auf diese Weise lassen sich die Formteile in vorteilhafter Weise endkonturnah in der kombinierten Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung herstellen. Es versteht sich, dass ein weiteres Schneidwerkzeug auch in einem zentralen Bereich des herzustellenden Formteils, das heißt mit Abstand zum Rand, angeordnet sein kann, beispielsweise um dort Durchgangsöffnungen oder Bohrungen herzustellen.A cutting tool for trimming the formed part may in principle be arranged at any desired point of the hot forming cutting device, in which a trimming of the molded part is required. In particular, a cutting tool can be arranged in an edge region of the first and / or second tool section, so that a protruding edge of the molding is cut off. In this way, the moldings can be produced close to the final contour in the combined hot-forming cutting device in an advantageous manner. It goes without saying in that a further cutting tool can also be arranged in a central region of the molded part to be produced, that is to say at a distance from the edge, for example to produce passage openings or bores there.
Es ist insbesondere vorgesehen, dass ein Schneidwerkzeug der Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung einen Schneidstempel aufweist, die mit einem von dem oberen und unteren Werkzeugteil verbunden ist, und eine Schneidmatrize, die mit dem anderen von dem oberen und unteren Werkzeugteil verbunden ist, sowie eine Freistellung für Platinenabfall. Die Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung ist hinsichtlich der Bewegungsmechanik für den Warmumform- und Schneidevorgang so gestaltet, dass das Schneiden vor dem Presshärten des Formteils erfolgt. Hierfür ist vorgesehen, dass das Schneidwerkzeug den Schnitt am Formteil durchführt, bevor das Formteil durch vollständigen flächigen Kontakt mit den gekühlten Werkzeugteilen abgekühlt wird. Durch diese Ausgestaltung kann ein kosten- und energieintensives Beschneiden des gehärteten Bauteils entfallen.In particular, it is contemplated that a cutting tool of the hot stamping-cutting apparatus comprises a cutting punch connected to one of the upper and lower tool parts, and a cutting die connected to the other of the upper and lower tool parts and an exemption for board waste. The hot forming cutting device is designed with respect to the movement mechanism for the hot forming and cutting process so that the cutting takes place before the press-hardening of the molded part. For this purpose, it is provided that the cutting tool performs the cut on the molding before the molding is cooled by full surface contact with the cooled tool parts. By this configuration, a costly and energy-intensive trimming of the cured component can be omitted.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungsfiguren erläutert. Hierin zeigt:
- Figur 1
- eine erfindungsgemäße Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines metallischen Formteils in einer ersten Ausführungsform;
Figur 2- ein Detail der Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung aus
Figur 1 in vergrößerter Darstellung; Figur 3- ein Ausgangsbauteil in Draufsicht;
Figur 4- ein aus dem
Ausgangsbauteil nach Figur 4 erfindungsgemäß hergestelltes Formteil als B-Säule; - Figur 5
- ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Formteils;
Figur 6- schematisch eine erfindungsgemäße Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines metallischen Formteils in einer zweiten Ausführungsform;
Figur 7- schematisch eine erfindungsgemäße Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines metallischen Formteils in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform.
- FIG. 1
- a hot-forming cutting device according to the invention for producing a metallic molding in a first embodiment;
- FIG. 2
- a detail of the hot forming cutting device
FIG. 1 in an enlarged view; - FIG. 3
- an output member in plan view;
- FIG. 4
- one from the starting component after
FIG. 4 Molded part produced according to the invention as B-pillar; - FIG. 5
- an inventive method for producing a metallic molding;
- FIG. 6
- schematically a hot-forming cutting device according to the invention for producing a metallic molded part in a second embodiment;
- FIG. 7
- schematically a hot-forming cutting device according to the invention for producing a metallic molded part in a modified embodiment.
Die
In den
Das Halbzeug 19 kann aus Bandmaterial aus Stahlblech hergestellt werden. Das Bandmaterial kann durch Walzen nach vorherigem Erwärmen erzeugt werden (Warmband) und/oder das Bandmaterial kann kaltgewalzt werden, wobei die letzte Dickenabnahme durch Walzen ohne vorhergehendes Erwärmen erfolgt (Kaltband). Das umzuformende Halbzeug kann eine einheitliche Blechdicke über der Länge beziehungsweise Breite des Bauteils aufweisen. Es ist auch möglich, dass das Halbzeug Bereiche unterschiedlicher Dicke aufweist. Diese lassen sich auf mehrere Weisen herstellen, beispielsweise mittels Flexiblem Walzen (Tailor Rolled Blanks), Bandprofilwalzen oder durch Verschweißen einzelner Blechtafeln mit verschiedener Blechdicke (Tailor Welded Blanks).The
Beim Flexiblen Walzen wird Bandmaterial mit im Wesentlichen einheitlicher Blechdicke durch Verändern des Walzspalts während des Prozesses zu Bandmaterial mit variabler Blechdicke über der Länge ausgewalzt. Die durch das Flexible Walzen erzeugten Abschnitte unterschiedlicher Dicke erstrecken sich quer zur Längsrichtung beziehungsweise zur Walzrichtung des Bandmaterials. Beim Bandprofilwalzen wird Blechmaterial, das heißt Bandmaterial oder einzelne Blechelemente, mit im Wesentlichen einheitlicher Dicke durch ein Walzprofil zu Blechmaterial mit variabler Dicke über der Breite des Materials ausgewalzt. Die durch Bandprofilwalzen erzeugten Abschnitte unterschiedlicher Dicke erstrecken sich dabei in Längsrichtung des Blechmaterials. Beim Bandprofilwalzen, das auch als Walzprofilieren bezeichnet wird, werden einzelne Bereiche des Blechmaterials nach außen abgestreckt.In flexible rolling, strip material having a substantially uniform sheet thickness is rolled out over the length by varying the roll gap during the process into strip material of variable sheet thickness. The sections of different thickness produced by the flexible rolling extend transversely to the longitudinal direction or to the rolling direction of the strip material. In strip rolling, sheet material, that is, strip material or individual sheet elements, is rolled with substantially uniform thickness through a rolled section into sheet material of variable thickness across the width of the material. The sections of different thickness produced by strip profile rollers extend in the longitudinal direction of the sheet material. In band profile rolling, which is also referred to as roll forming, individual areas of the sheet material are stretched outwards.
Mit der Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung 2 lassen sich beliebig hergestellte Platinen 19 zum Formteil 20 weiterverarbeiten. Dabei richtet sich die konkrete Ausgestaltung der Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung 2 nach der Kontur des herzustellenden Formteils. Die vorliegend gezeigte Vorrichtung 2 dient zur Herstellung eines Formteils für die B-Säule eines Kraftfahrzeugs. Ein Formschnitt 19 zur Herstellung der B-Säule ist in Draufsicht in
Die zur Herstellung der B-Säule 20 gezeigte Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung 2 weist mehrere obere Werkzeugteile 3, 4, 5, und mehrere untere Werkzeugteile 6, 7, 8 auf, zwischen denen das flächige Halbzeug eingelegt und durch relative Bewegung der Werkzeugoberteile 3, 4, 5 in Richtung Werkzeugunterteile 6, 7, 8 zum dreidimensionalen Formteil umgeformt wird. Die unteren Werkzeugteile 6, 7, 8 sind auf Trägerelementen 9, 10 befestigt.The hot-forming
Die Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung 2 weist ferner mehrere Schneidwerkzeuge 11, 12 auf, die ausgestaltet sind, um das Formteil 20 zu beschneiden. Die Schneidwerkzeuge 11, 12 umfassen jeweils eine Schneide 31, 32 und eine Gegenschneide 33, 34, die beim Schließen der Vorrichtung zusammenwirken, um einen überstehenden Teil des Formteils abzuschneiden. Die Schneiden, respektive Gegenschneiden, welche auch als Schneidstempel und Schneidmatrize bezeichnet werden können, sind vorzugsweise aus einem gehärteten Werkstoff hergestellt. Es ist erkennbar, dass die Scheiden 31, 33 jeweils in seitlichen Ausnehmungen des Werkzeugunterteils 7 angeordnet und mit diesem fest verbunden sind. Dies erfolgt über beispielsweise mittels Schraubverbindungen, wie die Bohrungen 22 im Werkzeugteil 7 erkennen lassen, wobei andere gängige Verbindungsarten ebenso denkbar sind.The hot-forming
Die oberen Werkzeugteile 3, 4, 5 und die unteren Werkzeugteile 6, 7, 8 haben jeweils oberflächennahe Werkzeugabschnitte 13, 14, 15; 16, 17, 18, die beim Schließen des Werkzeugs mit dem Halbzeug in Kontakt kommen. Durch die Schließbewegung der oberen Werkzeugteile relativ zu den unteren Werkzeugteilen wird die dazwischen angeordnete flächige Platine zum dreidimensionalen Formteil 20 umgeformt. Die Schneidwerkzeuge 11, 12 sind im Verhältnis zu den formgebenden Werkzeugabschnitten so angeordnet, dass das Beschneiden erfolgt, wenn das Halbzeug 19 bereits weitestgehend zum Formteil 20 umgeformt ist, aber bevor die Vorrichtung 2 vollständig geschlossen ist, das heißt bevor das Formteil 20 bei vollständigem Flächenkontakt mit den Werkzeugteilen pressgehärtet wird.The
Es sind Temperiereinrichtungen 23, 24, 25; 26, 27, 28 vorgesehen, um die oberflächennahen Werkzeugabschnitte zu temperieren, wobei das Temperieren ein Kühlen und/oder Erwärmen sein kann. Es ist vorgesehen, dass zumindest eines der oberen und unteren Werkzeugteile 3, 4, 5; 6, 7, 8 zwei unterschiedliche Temperiereinrichtung derart aufweist, dass eine erste Temperiereinrichtung des Werkzeugteils zur Kühlung und eine zweite Temperiereinrichtung zur Erwärmung des Werkzeugteils ausgestaltet ist.There are tempering
Dies wird beispielhaft am oberen Werkzeugteil 3 erläutert, dessen Temperiereinrichtung 23 eine erste Temperiereinrichtung 23A aufweist, welche zum gezielten Kühlen des zugehörigen ersten Werkzeugabschnitts 13A auf eine erste Temperatur T1 dient, und eine zweite Temperiereinrichtung 23B aufweist, welche zum Erwärmen des zugehörigen zweiten Werkzeugabschnitts 13B auf eine zweite Temperatur T2 dient, die höher liegt als die erste Temperatur T1. Die erste Temperatur T1 für den ersten Werkzeugabschnitt 13A wird derart eingestellt, dass das Formteil 20 in diesem Bereich beim Pressen zwischen den oberen Werkzeugteilen 3, 4, 5 und den unteren Werkzeugteilen 6, 7, 8 gehärtet wird. Durch den auf die erste Temperatur T1 gekühlten ersten Werkzeugabschnitt 13A wird das Bauteil 19 ausgehend von der Härtetemperatur derart schnell mit kritischer Abkühlgeschwindigkeit gekühlt, dass ein Werkstoffgefüge mit hoher Härte beziehungsweise hoher Festigkeit entsteht.This is explained by way of example at the
Demgegenüber wird der zweite Werkzeugabschnitt 13B auf die zweite Temperatur T2 erwärmt, die beispielsweise zwischen 300°C und 600°C liegen kann. Durch das Erwärmen des zweiten Werkzeugabschnitts 13B erhält das Formteil 20 in diesem Bereich eine höhere Duktilität und niedrigere Festigkeit als im gehärteten ersten Bereich. Die Werkzeugunterteile 6, 7, 8 sind entsprechend den gewünschten Gefügeeigenschaften des Formteils 20 gegengleich zu den Werkzeugoberteilen 3, 4, 5 gestaltet. Das heißt der dem gekühlten ersten Werkzeugabschnitts 13A des oberen Werkzeugteils 3 gegenüberliegende erste Werkzeugabschnitt 17A des unteren Werkzeugteils 7 wird ebenfalls gekühlt, während der dem erwärmten zweiten Werkzeugabschnitts 13B des oberen Werkzeugteils 3 gegenüberliegende zweite Werkzeugabschnitt 17B des unteren Werkzeugteils 7 ebenfalls erwärmt wird.On the other hand, the
Die ersten Temperiereinrichtungen 23A, 27A des Werkzeugoberteils 3 und des Werkzeugunterteils 7 weisen jeweils eine Kühlkanalanordnung mit mehreren Kühlkanälen auf, die von einem Kühlmedium durchströmbar sind. Die Kühlkanäle verlaufen derart durch das Werkzeugoberteil 3 beziehungsweise das Werkzeugunterteil 7, dass die mit dem zu kühlenden Teilbereich 21B des Halbzeugs beziehungsweise Bauteils 19 in Kontakt kommende Werkzeugoberfläche abgekühlt wird. Als Kühlmedium kann beispielsweise Wasser verwendet werden.The
Als zweite Temperiereinrichtungen 23B, 27B, welche zum Erwärmen der zweiten Werkzeugabschnitte 13B, 17B dienen, können Heizpatronen verwendet werden, die in entsprechenden Hohlräume der zweiten Werkzeugabschnitte eingeschoben werden. Dabei überträgt sich die Wärme der Heizpatronen auf die zweiten Werkzeugabschnitte 13B, 17B und von diesen auf das dazwischen liegende Halbzeug beziehungsweise Bauteil 19.As second tempering means 23B, 27B, which serve to heat the
Es ist erkennbar, dass das Schneidwerkzeug 11 im Bereich der erwärmten zweiten Werkzeugabschnitte 23B, 27B des oberen und unteren Werkzeugteils 3, 7 angeordnet ist. Das Beschneiden des Formteils 20 erfolgt damit in einem Teilbereich 21B, der aufgrund der Erwärmung eine höhere Duktilität hat als in den gekühlten Teilbereichen 21A. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass das Schneidwerkzeug 11, 12 in diesem erwärmten Abschnitt auch nur einem geringen Verschleiß unterliegt. Es versteht sich jedoch, dass ein oder mehrere weitere Schneidwerkzeuge auch in Werkzeugabschnitten vorgesehen sein können, die zum Presshärten des Formteils ausgestaltet sind, was insoweit aber für den Verschleiß des Schneidwerkzeugs unkritisch ist als das Beschneiden beim Pressenhub zeitlich vor dem vollständigen flächigen Anliegen der Werkzeugteile 3, 4, 5; 6, 7, 8 an dem Bauteil und damit vor dem Härten des Formteils erfolgt.It can be seen that the cutting
Die Haltedauer des Formteils 20 zwischen den vollständig geschlossenen Werkzeugteilen 3, 4, 5; 6, 7, 8 kann zwischen 0,5 Sekunden bis 360 Sekunden liegen. Nach Ablauf der Haltedauer hat das Formteil 20 seine Endkontur und das gewünschte Gefüge und kann nach dem erneuten Öffnen der Werkzeugteile 3, 4, 5; 6, 7, 8 aus der Vorrichtung entnommen werden.The holding period of the
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines partiell gehärteten metallischen Formteils 20 mit einem gehärteten ersten Teilbereich 21A und einem duktilen zweiten Teilbereich 21B umfasst somit folgende Schritte, wie in
Überhitzen der erwärmten Werkzeugteile zu vermeiden, kann als weiterer Prozessschritt vorgesehen sein, dass diese zeitweise oder permanent gekühlt werden.To avoid overheating of the heated tool parts, can be provided as an additional process step that they are cooled temporarily or permanently.
Eine in der Warmumform-Schneide-Vorrichtung 2 gemäß dem Verfahren hergestellte B-Säule als Formteil 20 ist in
Ein Unterschied der vorliegenden Ausführungsform besteht darin, dass lediglich ein Werkzeugoberteil 3 und ein Werkzeugunterteil 6 vorgesehen sind. Das Werkzeugoberteil 3 und das Werkzeugunterteil 6 haben jeweils einen ersten Werkzeugabschnitt 13A, 17A welcher zum Presshärten des Formteils 20 gekühlt wird, wobei die Kühlkanäle der Einfachheit halber nicht eingezeichnet sind. Ferner haben das Werkzeugoberteil 3 und das Werkzeugunterteil 6 jeweils einen zweiten Werkzeugabschnitt 13B, 17B, die jeweils mit Temperiereinrichtungen 23B, 27B zum Erwärmen des Bauteils 19 ausgestattet sind. Die Temperiereinrichtungen 23B, 27B sind vorliegend in Form von Heizplatten gestaltet, deren Temperatur T2 sich über entsprechende Temperaturregler einstellen lassen. Die erwärmten zweiten Werkzeugabschnitte 13B, 17B sind gegenüber den gekühlten ersten Werkzeugabschnitten 13A, 17A durch Isolationsmaterial 37, 38 oder Luftspalte isoliert.A difference of the present embodiment is that only one
Es sind ferner ein Schneidwerkzeug 11 im Bereich der erwärmten zweiten Werkzeugabschnitte 13B, 17B des oberen und unteren Werkzeugteils 3, 7 erkennbar. DieFurthermore, a
Schneide 31 ist mit dem oberen Werkzeugteil 3 fest verbunden, beispielsweise durch eine Schraubverbindung, und die Gegenschneide 33 ist mit dem unteren Werkzeugteil 7 zugeordnet beziehungsweise fest verbunden. Im zur Gegenschneide 33 seitlich benachbarten Randbereich des Werkzeugteils 7 ist eine Ausnehmung 35 vorgesehen, die als Freistellung für den abgeschnittenen Rand des Bauteils 19 dient. Außerdem ist ein zweites Schneidwerkzeug 12 im Randbereich der gekühlten ersten Werkzeugabschnitte 13A, 17A des oberen und unteren Werkzeugteils 3, 7 erkennbar. Dabei ist die Schneide 32 mit dem oberen Werkzeugteil 3 fest verbunden, während die Gegenschneide 34 mit dem unteren Werkzeugteil 7 verbunden ist. Seitlich benachbart zur Gegenschneide 34 ist eine Ausnehmung 36 als Freistellung für Platinenabfall vorgesehen.Cutting
Bei der vorliegenden Ausführungsform erfolgt das Beschneiden des Formteils 20 folglich sowohl in einem zum Härten des Formteils gekühlten Werkzeugabschnitt 13A, 17A, als auch in einem zur Duktilitätserzeugung erwärmten Werkzeugabschnitt 13B, 17B.Thus, in the present embodiment, trimming of the
Die
Eine Besonderheit der vorliegenden Ausführungsform besteht darin, dass die zweiten Werkzeugabschnitte 13B, 17B jeweils mit einer Kühlvorrichtung ausgestattet sind. Die Kühlvorrichtung umfasst eine Kanalanordnung 39, 40 mit mehreren Kanälen, die durch die zweiten Werkzeugabschnitte 13B, 17B hindurch verlaufen und in die formgebende Oberläche münden. Insofern hat die Kühlvorrichtung zweierlei Funktionen, nämlich das Kühlen der zweiten Werkzeugabschnitte 13B, 17B, um hier ein Überhitzen zu vermeiden, sowie das Anblasen des Bauteils, um dieses nach dem erneuten Öffnen der Vorrichtung 2 zu kühlen. Als Kühlmedium wird Luft verwendet.A special feature of the present embodiment is that the
Insgesamt bieten die erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen und das damit durchgeführte Verfahren als einen Vorteil, dass sich Formteile in einem Prozessschritt warmumformen, beschneiden und presshärten lassen. Es wird ein endkonturnahes Formteil mit den gewünschten Werkstoffeigenschaften erzeugt.Overall, the devices according to the invention and the method carried out with them offer as an advantage that moldings can be hot-formed, trimmed and press-hardened in one process step. It is produced a near-net shape molding with the desired material properties.
- 22
- Warmumform-Schneide-VorrichtungHot-forming cutting device
- 33
- oberes Werkzeugteilupper tool part
- 44
- oberes Werkzeugteilupper tool part
- 55
- oberes Werkzeugteilupper tool part
- 66
- unteres Werkzeugteillower tool part
- 77
- unteres Werkzeugteillower tool part
- 88th
- unteres Werkzeugteillower tool part
- 99
- Trägerelementsupport element
- 1010
- Trägerelementsupport element
- 1111
- Schneidwerkzeugcutting tool
- 1212
- Schneidwerkzeugcutting tool
- 13, 13A, 13B13, 13A, 13B
- Werkzeugabschnitttool section
- 1414
- Werkzeugabschnitttool section
- 1515
- Werkzeugabschnitttool section
- 1616
- Werkzeugabschnitttool section
- 17, 17A, 17B17, 17A, 17B
- Werkzeugabschnitttool section
- 1818
- Werkzeugabschnitttool section
- 1919
- HalbzeugWorkpiece
- 2020
- Formteilmolding
- 21A21A
- erster Teilbereichfirst subarea
- 21B21B
- zweiter Teilbereichsecond subarea
- 2222
- Bohrungdrilling
- 23, 23A, 23B23, 23A, 23B
- Temperiereinrichtungtempering
- 2424
- Temperiereinrichtungtempering
- 2525
- Temperiereinrichtungtempering
- 2626
- Temperiereinrichtungtempering
- 2727
- Temperiereinrichtungtempering
- 2828
- Temperiereinrichtungtempering
- 3131
- Schneidecutting edge
- 3232
- Schneidecutting edge
- 3333
- Gegenschneideagainst cutting
- 3434
- Gegenschneideagainst cutting
- 3535
- Ausnehmungrecess
- 3636
- Ausnehmungrecess
- 3737
- Isolationsmaterialinsulation material
- 3838
- Isolationsmaterialinsulation material
- 3939
- Kanalanordnungchannel arrangement
- 4040
- Kanalanordnungchannel arrangement
- SS
- Verfahrensschrittstep
- TT
- Temperaturtemperature
Claims (14)
- A process of producing a partially hardened metallic formed part, comprising the following steps:heating (S10) a semi-finished product (19) of hardenable hotformable steel sheet to a hardening temperature;hot-forming (S20) the heated semi-finished product (19) in a combined hot-forming cutting device (2) into a three-dimensional formed part (20), wherein the combined hot-forming cutting device (2) comprises an upper tool part (3, 4, 5) and a lower tool part (6, 7, 8) which are closed for hot-forming the semi-finished product (19);cutting (S30) the formed part (20) in the hot-forming cutting device (2);press-hardening (S40) the formed part (20) in the hot-forming cutting device (2) into a hardened formed part (20), wherein at least one of the upper tool part (3, 4, 5) and the lower tool part (6, 7, 8) comprises a first tool portion (13A, 27A) which, during the hot-forming (S20) and press-hardening (S40), comes into contact a first partial region (21A) of the formed part (20), wherein the first tool portion (13A, 27A) is cooled such that the first partial region (21A) is hardened by rapid cooling, and wherein at least one of the upper tool part (3, 4, 5) and of the lower tool part (6, 7, 8) comprises a second tool portion (13B, 27B) which, during the hot-forming (S20) and press-hardening (S40) comes into contact with a second partial region (21B) of the semi-finished product (19), wherein the second tool portion (13B, 27B) is being heated such that the second partial region (21B) of the formed part (20) is heat-treated so as to obtain a greater ductility and a lower strength than the first partial region (21A), wherein it is further provided that the second tool portion (13B, 27B) is temporarily or permanently cooled to avoid an overheating;wherein the step of cutting (S30) the formed part (20) takes place in at least one of the first partial region (21A) and of the second partial region (21B).
- Process according to claim 1,
characterised in
that the cutting (S30) takes place while the tool part (3, 4, 5; 6, 7, 8) is being closed and prior to the press-hardening (40) . - Process according to claim 1 or 2,
characterised in
that, after the tool parts (3, 4, 5; 6, 7, 8) have been closed, the semi-finished product (19) is held at a temperature (T2) between 300°C and 600°C in the second partial region. - Process according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
characterised in
that the tool parts (3,4, 5; 6, 7, 8) are kept closed for a period of 0.5 seconds to 360 seconds. - Process according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
characterised in
that the first tool portion (13A, 27A) is cooled prior to, during and/or after the hot-forming. - Process according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
characterised in
that at least one of the first partial region (21A) and of the second partial region (21B) of the formed part (20) is subjected to an air flow prior to, during and/or after the tool parts (3, 4, 5; 6, 7, 8) are being opened. - A hot-forming cutting device (2) for producing a metallic formed part, comprising:an upper tool part (3, 4, 5),a lower tool part (6, 7, 8),wherein the upper tool part (3, 4, 5) and the lower tool part (6, 7, 8) can be closed for forming a semi-finished product (19) inserted between the upper tool part (3, 4, 5) and the lower tool part (6, 7, 8) into a formed part (20),wherein at least one of the upper tool part (3, 4, 5) and of the lower tool part (6, 7, 8) comprises a first tool portion (13A, 17) which, during closing, comes into contact with a first partial region (21A) of the semi-finished product (19), wherein the first tool portion (13A, 17A) comprises a first tempering device (23A, 27A) by which the first tool portion (13A, 17A) can be set to a first temperature (T1),wherein at least one of the upper tool part (3, 4, 5) and of the lower tool part (6, 7, 8) comprises a second tool portion (13B, 17B) which, during closing, comes into contact with a second partial region (21B) of the semi-finished product (19), wherein the second tool portion (13B, 17B) comprises a second tempering device (23B, 27B) by which the second tool portion (13B, 17B) can be set to a second temperature (T2) which is higher than the first temperature (T1) of the first tool portion (13A, 17A), wherein the second tool portion (13B, 17B) comprises a channel arrangement (39, 40) for cooling, through which a fluid can flow,wherein at least one of the upper tool part (3, 4, 5) and the lower tool part (6, 7, 8), in at least one of the first tool portion (13A, 17A) and of the second tool portion (13B, 17B), comprises at least one cutting tool (11, 12) which is designed to cut the formed part.
- Hot-forming cutting device (2) according to claim 7, characterised in
that the first tempering device (23A, 27A) is designed for rapidly cooling the first tool portion (13A, 17B) such that the formed part (20) is hardened in the first partial region (21A), and
that the second tempering device (23B, 27A) is designed for heating the second tool portion (13B, 17B) such that the formed part (20) obtains a greater ductility in the second partial region (21B) than in the first partial region (21A). - Hot-forming cutting device (2) according to claim 7 or claim 8,
characterised in
that the first tempering device (23A, 27A) comprises a cooling channel arrangement though which a cooling medium can flow. - Hot-forming cutting device (2) according to any one of claims 7 to 9,
characterised in
that the second tempering device (23B, 27B) comprises a plurality of heating cartridges which are received in cavities of the second tool portion (13B, 17B). - Hot-forming cutting device (2) according to any one of claims 7 to 10,
characterised in
that the first tool portion (13A, 17A) and the second tool portion (13B, 17B) each comprise a forming face which, during the closing, comes into contact with the semi-finished product (19), wherein at least a partial number of channels of the channel arrangement (39, 40) ends in the forming face, so that the air emerging from the channels can be blown against the semi-finished product. - Hot-forming cutting device (2) according to any one of claims 7 to 11,
characterised in
that the second tool portion (13B, 17B) and the first tool portion (13A, 17A) are separated from one another by an insulating material (37, 38). - Hot-forming cutting device (2) according to any one of claims 7 to 12,
characterised in
that the cutting tool (11, 12) is arranged in an edge region of the first tool portion (13A, 17A) and the second tool portion (13B, 17B) respectively and extends at least over a partial circumferential portion of the hot-forming cutting device (2). - Hot-forming cutting device (2) according to any one of claims 7 to 13,
characterised in
that the cutting tool (2) comprises a cutting punch (31) which is connected to one of the upper and lower tool parts (3, 4, 5; 6, 7, 8), and a cutting die (33) which is connected to the other one of the upper and lower tool parts (6, 7, 8; 3, 4, 5), as well as a recess (35, 36) for sheet blank waste.
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES15161040.9T ES2662404T3 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2015-03-26 | Procedure and device for manufacturing a partially tempered shaped part |
HUE15161040A HUE039096T2 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2015-03-26 | Method and device for producing a partially cured moulded part |
EP15161040.9A EP3072980B1 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2015-03-26 | Method and device for producing a partially cured moulded part |
PL15161040T PL3072980T3 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2015-03-26 | Method and device for producing a partially cured moulded part |
US15/076,919 US10584395B2 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-03-22 | Producing a partially hardened formed part |
KR1020160034436A KR20160115762A (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-03-23 | Process of and device for producing a partially hardened formed part |
CN201610172634.4A CN106001231B (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-03-24 | Process and device for producing locally hardened shaped parts |
JP2016061812A JP6820152B2 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-03-25 | Methods and equipment for producing partially cured articles |
US16/740,587 US11555224B2 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2020-01-13 | Producing a partially hardened formed part |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP15161040.9A EP3072980B1 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2015-03-26 | Method and device for producing a partially cured moulded part |
Publications (2)
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EP3072980A1 EP3072980A1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
EP3072980B1 true EP3072980B1 (en) | 2018-02-14 |
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EP15161040.9A Active EP3072980B1 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2015-03-26 | Method and device for producing a partially cured moulded part |
Country Status (8)
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US (2) | US10584395B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3072980B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6820152B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20160115762A (en) |
CN (1) | CN106001231B (en) |
ES (1) | ES2662404T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE039096T2 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3072980T3 (en) |
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HUE039096T2 (en) | 2018-12-28 |
US20160281185A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
US20200149125A1 (en) | 2020-05-14 |
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US11555224B2 (en) | 2023-01-17 |
ES2662404T3 (en) | 2018-04-06 |
JP6820152B2 (en) | 2021-01-27 |
EP3072980A1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
CN106001231A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
US10584395B2 (en) | 2020-03-10 |
KR20160115762A (en) | 2016-10-06 |
CN106001231B (en) | 2020-06-19 |
JP2016182642A (en) | 2016-10-20 |
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