EP3069647B1 - Cellulosic sponge cloth with abrasive properties - Google Patents

Cellulosic sponge cloth with abrasive properties Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3069647B1
EP3069647B1 EP16160849.2A EP16160849A EP3069647B1 EP 3069647 B1 EP3069647 B1 EP 3069647B1 EP 16160849 A EP16160849 A EP 16160849A EP 3069647 B1 EP3069647 B1 EP 3069647B1
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Prior art keywords
sponge cloth
adhesive
abrasive
fibres
cloth according
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3069647A1 (en
Inventor
Leo Mans
Hans-Jürgen Theis
Norbert Tüschen
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Kalle GmbH and Co KG
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Kalle GmbH and Co KG
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L13/10—Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
    • A47L13/16—Cloths; Pads; Sponges
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L13/02—Scraping
    • A47L13/06—Scraping with wire brushes or wire meshes

Definitions

  • the sponge body has a weight of 35 to 55 kg / m 3 .
  • an at least partially agglomerated, preferably rice-grain-shaped pore-forming agent made from Glauber's salt is added to the viscose solution.
  • Cotton fibers can also be added as reinforcement.
  • the sponge body can also be provided with an abrasive layer.
  • the abrasive layer can consist of a binder and abrasive particles of organic or inorganic origin.
  • a polishing material which comprises a carrier layer made of foam, rubber or similar material and a layer made of microfibers thereon.
  • the carrier is preferably made of a closed-cell foam rubber.
  • the microfibers have an average length of at least 50 mm and an average thickness of less than 1 denier.
  • the relatively long and thin fibers have only a slight abrasive effect.
  • the material can only absorb relatively little water.
  • the object was therefore to create a sponge cloth which, in addition to absorbing liquid, also has an abrasive effect. In this way, even dried-on impurities can be loosened on a surface with liquid in a single operation and then removed mechanically and abrasively without damaging the surface.
  • the abrasive sponge cloth should also be able to clean sensitive surfaces, e.g. those made of plastic material, without scratching them.
  • the cellulose-based sponge cloth is generally produced by the viscose process using Glauber's salt as a pore-forming agent. As mechanical reinforcement, it preferably contains a network and / or three-dimensionally distributed fibers in its interior. The reinforcing fibers are usually cotton fibers.
  • the sponge cloth In the dry state, the sponge cloth generally has a density of 0.085 to 0.15 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.10 to 0.12 g / cm 3 .
  • the thickness of the dry sponge cloth (before applying the glue and flock fibers or hard material particles) is generally 0.8 to 8.0 mm, preferably 1.0 to 3.0 mm.
  • the flocked areas are arranged in such a way that no streaks occur when the sponge cloth is wiped over a surface to be cleaned, regardless of the direction of the wiping movement.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sponge cloth flocked with polyamide flock, 44 dtex, 0.5 mm fiber length, according to the present invention.
  • the dark circles represent the flocked areas.
  • the function, look and feel of a flocking depend on the fiber thickness and length, whereby the fiber thickness is measured in dtex (grams per 10,000 meters of length) and the fiber length in millimeters.
  • the thickness is between 0.5 dtex and 200 dtex, preferably between 1.0 and 100 dtex, and for the fiber length between 0.2 mm and 4.0 mm, preferably 0.4 to 2.0 mm.
  • the penetration depth into the adhesive is generally 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. The fibers must not completely penetrate the adhesive.
  • the fibers are generally arranged at an angle of 70 to 110 ° with respect to the surface normal, so they are essentially at right angles to the surface of the sponge cloth.
  • the orientation of the fibers is crucial for the abrasive effect.
  • Fibers can be used for flocking.
  • polyester and viscose acrylic flock, rayon flock, carbon flock, cotton flock, aramid flock and polypropylene flock are used for special applications.
  • the use of the fibers depends heavily on the area of application. So are z. B. show polyester fibers ideal for outdoor applications but weakness in buckling stability.
  • Fibers based on polyamide have very good abrasive properties.
  • the polyamide that is most commonly used technically in this application is PA 6.6, also known as nylon. This fiber melts at 255 to 260 ° C and is mainly used in the titer range 0.9 dtex to 100 dtex depending on the application. The length varies from 0.3 mm to 4.0 mm.
  • Polyamide flock has a high abrasion resistance and very good resilience after pressure load (kink resistance). The UV stability is sufficient in most cases.
  • the fibers can have different shapes.
  • hollow fibers such as core / sheath fibers, side-by-side fibers or island-in-sea fibers, or fibers with a non-round cross-sectional shape, can also be used. for example with a square, star-shaped or other cross-sectional shape.
  • fibers that contain fillers with abrasive properties can also be used for flocking.
  • One method of making a sponge cloth abrasive is, for example, the flocking technique.
  • the flocking technique surface flocking (for full-surface flocking of one or both sides) and design flocking (patterns, logos, lettering, etc. using a template or a sieve) are possible for the sponge cloth.
  • the flocking is done either manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically in the electrostatic field.
  • the electrically conductive adhesive is applied using various printing processes (pad, screen or letterpress in surface or rotary form), but it can also be done by spraying, brushing, dipping or rolling.
  • the adhesive-specific properties such as viscosity and thixotropy, rheology (flow behavior), open time, pot life and atomization must be taken into account. It has proven to be expedient to apply the adhesive in an amount of from 0.01 to 0.30 grams, preferably from 0.02 to 0.20 grams, per square centimeter of the surface of the sponge cloth to be flocked.
  • the adhesive can be solvent-based or dispersion-based consisting of 1 or 2 components, polyurethane-based, a hot-melt adhesive or chemically covalently react with the surface of the substrate, e.g. B. polyisocyanate with a sponge cloth.
  • pretreatment of the substrate before application of the adhesive such as roughening, grinding, treating with primers, priming with plasma or treating by corona discharge, can also be useful.
  • the adhesive When cured, the adhesive should be sufficiently flexible and, in addition to being washable up to 95 ° C, also be resistant to UV radiation. The adhesive should also be able to be colored according to the color of the flock.
  • the area that is not to be flocked is masked so that no adhesive can be applied there, as the flock fibers can only anchor themselves firmly in the adhesive.
  • the flock fibers to which an electric charge is applied are aligned in an electric field perpendicular to the substrates, so that the fibers are still longitudinally in the area applied to the substrate Dip the wet adhesive. It is important to ensure that the adhesive layer is applied in sufficient thickness so that the flock fibers can optimally anchor themselves in the adhesive bed. Only when the fibers are fixed in the adhesive at approximately right angles to the surface of the sponge cloth can they develop the desired abrasive effect.
  • All fibers must have sufficient electrostatic chargeability. This can be achieved by appropriately preparing the fiber (e.g. by coating it with salts). A certain humidity and temperature must be maintained during flocking so that the conductivity of the fiber is guaranteed.
  • filaments e.g. viscose fibers, which contain carbides, in particular silicon or boron carbides, on their surface. These are completely abrasive, so there is no need to align such fibers in the adhesive. The fiber must just not be completely immersed in the adhesive. The same applies to fibers equipped with corundum or boron nitride.
  • the solvent or dispersion based 1- or 2-component adhesive or the printing ink has cured, dirt particles can be detached from the surface to be cleaned during the cleaning process by moving back and forth while exerting pressure on the part of the sponge cloth coated with adhesive or paint, or they remain on the edges of the three-dimensional adhesive or paint hang and can be completely picked up with the clean back of the sponge cloth.
  • the abrasiveness can be adjusted by the hardness of the adhesive or color to be used. There is also the option of coloring the adhesive.
  • hotmelt adhesives also known as hot melt adhesives, hot melt adhesives or hotmelts
  • Hot-melt adhesives are solvent-free products that are more or less solid at room temperature. They are applied to the adhesive surface when they are hot and create a firm bond with the substrate when they cool down.
  • the greater part of the flock fibers protrudes essentially perpendicularly from the plane of the sponge cloth and is responsible for the abrasive effect.
  • the ingredients of the hot melt adhesives are based on base polymers, resins, stabilizers, wax and nucleating agents and are selected according to their adhesion to the substrate, processing temperature, heat resistance, chemical resistance and hardness.
  • the sponge cloth with abrasive flock fibers is particularly suitable for gently removing stubborn dirt from surfaces, whereby the surfaces remain as undamaged as possible.
  • abrasive sponge cloth e.g. roughening, removing material or polishing
  • other requirements are placed on the abrasive coating of the sponge cloth:
  • the abrasive coating In order for the material to be removed quickly and sustainably (long service life), the abrasive coating must be very hard and tough.
  • hard material grains also called abrasives and abrasives, usually consist of corundum on a natural or synthetic basis (aluminum oxide; fine corundum, semi-precious corundum, normal corundum, etc.), silicon carbide, diamond, boron nitride, quartz, metal powder, glass granulate / glass powder, garnet, emery (Mixture of corundum, magnetite, hematite and quartz) and many others.
  • the structure or manufacture of a material-removing, abrasive sponge cloth that is not according to the invention is largely the same as the coating process with flock and is therefore only roughly described:
  • the surface coating for a full-surface coating on one or both sides
  • the design coating patterns, logos, lettering, etc. using a template or a sieve
  • Electrically conductive adhesive is applied to the clean sponge cloth (substrate).
  • the primarily solvent-based adhesive is applied to the sponge cloth as described above.
  • the hard material grains are anchored more firmly in solvent-based one- or two-component adhesive than in a water-based adhesive.
  • the hard material grains to which an electrical charge is applied are aligned perpendicular to the substrates in an electrical field, so that the grains are immersed in the still wet adhesive applied to the substrate.
  • the sponge cloth is vibrated by shaking it so that the hard material grains penetrate deeper into the adhesive and are thus more firmly (more permanently) enclosed by the adhesive.

Description

Schwammtücher auf Basis von regenerierter Cellulose werden zurzeit überwiegend zur Reinigung eingesetzt, insbesondere mit wässrigen Flüssigkeiten, die auch Detergentien enthalten können. Dabei wird im Wesentlichen die Fähigkeit des Schwammtuches zur Flüssigkeitsaufnahme genutzt.Sponge cloths based on regenerated cellulose are currently mainly used for cleaning, especially with aqueous liquids, which can also contain detergents. Essentially, the ability of the sponge cloth to absorb liquid is used.

Durch eine innere Verstärkung, z.B. durch ein Netz im Innern des Schwammtuchs oder durch Fasern, die homogen darin verteilt sind, läßt sich die Standzeit des Schwammtuchs für Reinigungsarbeiten erhöhen oder es wird erst dadurch für besondere Reinigungsaufgaben geeignet ohne dabei zerstört zu werden.An internal reinforcement, e.g. by means of a net inside the sponge cloth or fibers that are homogeneously distributed in it, can increase the service life of the sponge cloth for cleaning work or it is only then suitable for special cleaning tasks without being destroyed in the process.

Für die Beseitigung von besonders hartnäckigen, eventuell eingetrockneten Verunreinigungen einer Oberfläche, ist das Schwammtuch im feuchten Zustand jedoch zu weich und entwickelt daher keine abrasive Wirkung. Ein abrasiv wirkendes Schwammtuch gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist aus DE-A-102006005984 bekannt.To remove particularly stubborn, possibly dried-on impurities from a surface, the sponge cloth is too soft when it is damp and therefore does not develop any abrasive effect. An abrasive sponge cloth according to the preamble of claim 1 is from DE-A-102006005984 known.

In der DE 10 2009 013 515 A1 ist ein kontinuierliches Viskose-Verfahren zur Herstellung von mehr als 1 cm dicken Schwammkörpern aus regenerierter Cellulose offenbart. Der Schwammkörper weist ein Gewicht von 35 bis 55 kg/m3 auf. Bei seiner Herstellung wird der Viskoselösung ein zumindest teilweise agglomerierter, vorzugsweise reiskornförmiger Porenbildner aus Glaubersalz zugesetzt. Es können auch Baumwollfasern als Verstärkung zugesetzt werden. Der Schwammkörper kann zudem mit einer Abrasivschicht versehen sein. Die abrasive Schicht kann aus einem Binder und aus abrasiven Partikeln organischen oder anorganischen Ursprungs bestehen.In the DE 10 2009 013 515 A1 discloses a continuous viscose process for the production of more than 1 cm thick sponge bodies from regenerated cellulose. The sponge body has a weight of 35 to 55 kg / m 3 . During its production, an at least partially agglomerated, preferably rice-grain-shaped pore-forming agent made from Glauber's salt is added to the viscose solution. Cotton fibers can also be added as reinforcement. The sponge body can also be provided with an abrasive layer. The abrasive layer can consist of a binder and abrasive particles of organic or inorganic origin.

Gegenstand der DE 10 2012 004 331 A1 ist ein Reinigungsgerät mit einem Grundkörper aus Schaumstoff, auf dessen Oberfläche ein abrasiv wirkendes Flockmaterial angeordnet ist. Die Flockfasern sind teilweise in eine Klebstoffmatrix eingeschlossen, teilweise ragen sie aus der Matrix heraus.Subject of DE 10 2012 004 331 A1 is a cleaning device with a base body made of foam, on the surface of which an abrasive flock material is arranged. The flock fibers are partly enclosed in an adhesive matrix, partly they protrude from the matrix.

Ein ähnliches Reinigungstuch ist in der DE 10 2010 054 009 A1 offenbart. Es umfaßt einen Träger, auf dessen Oberfläche Flockfasern inselförmig angeordnet sind. Der Träger ist vorzugsweise als Schwamm ausgebildet.A similar cleaning cloth is in the DE 10 2010 054 009 A1 disclosed. It comprises a carrier, on the surface of which flock fibers are arranged in the form of islands. The carrier is preferably designed as a sponge.

In der US 2005/0060829 A1 ist schließlich ein Poliermaterial offenbart, das eine Trägerschicht aus Schaumstoff, Gummi oder ähnlichem Material und eine darauf befindliche Schicht aus Mikrofasern umfaßt. Der Träger besteht vorzugsweise aus einem geschlossenzelligen Schaumgummi. Die Mikrofasern haben eine durchschnittliche Länge von mindestens 50 mm und eine durchschnittliche Dicke von weniger als 1 denier. Die relativ langen und dünnen Fasern haben nur eine geringe abrasive Wirkung. Das Material kann zudem nur relativ wenig Wasser aufnehmen.In the US 2005/0060829 A1 Finally, a polishing material is disclosed which comprises a carrier layer made of foam, rubber or similar material and a layer made of microfibers thereon. The carrier is preferably made of a closed-cell foam rubber. The microfibers have an average length of at least 50 mm and an average thickness of less than 1 denier. The relatively long and thin fibers have only a slight abrasive effect. In addition, the material can only absorb relatively little water.

Es bestand daher die Aufgabe, ein Schwammtuch zu schaffen, das neben der Flüssigkeitsaufnahme auch eine abrasive Wirkung hat. Damit lassen sich in einem Arbeitsgang selbst eingetrocknete Verunreinigungen auf einer Oberfläche mit Flüssigkeit anlösen und anschließend mechanisch abrasiv entfernen, ohne die Oberfläche zu schädigen. Mit dem abrasiv wirkenden Schwammtuch sollen sich auch empfindliche Oberflächen, z.B. solche aus Kunststoffmaterial, reinigen lassen ohne sie dabei zu zerkratzen.The object was therefore to create a sponge cloth which, in addition to absorbing liquid, also has an abrasive effect. In this way, even dried-on impurities can be loosened on a surface with liquid in a single operation and then removed mechanically and abrasively without damaging the surface. The abrasive sponge cloth should also be able to clean sensitive surfaces, e.g. those made of plastic material, without scratching them.

Gelöst wurde die Aufgabe mit einem abrasiv wirkenden Schwammtuch auf Basis von regenerierter Cellulose, das mit einem innen liegenden Netz oder mit im wesentlichen homogen verteilten Fasern verstärkt ist, und dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass es abrasiv wirkende Fasern auf seiner Oberfläche aufweist, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Ebene der Schwammtuch-Oberfläche angeordnet sind. Die abrasive Wirkung läßt sich dabei durch die Wahl von längeren oder kürzeren Fasern wie auch durch die Wahl von dickeren oder dünneren Fasern zum Beflocken je nach Bedarf einstellen. Das Schwammtuch kann zusätzlich abrasiv wirkende Partikel auf seiner Oberfläche aufweisen.The object was achieved with an abrasive sponge cloth based on regenerated cellulose, which is reinforced with an internal mesh or with essentially homogeneously distributed fibers, and is characterized in that it has abrasive fibers on its surface that are essentially perpendicular are arranged to the level of the sponge cloth surface. The abrasive effect can be adjusted by choosing longer or shorter fibers as well as by choosing thicker or thinner fibers for flocking as required. The sponge cloth can also have abrasive particles on its surface.

Das Schwammtuch auf Cellulosebasis ist allgemein nach dem Viskoseverfahren unter Verwendung von Glaubersalz als Porenbildner hergestellt. Als mechanische Verstärkung enthält es in seinem Inneren bevorzugt ein Netz und/oder dreidimensional verteilte Fasern. Die Verstärkungsfasern sind üblicherweise Baumwollfasern. Das Schwammtuch hat im trockenen Zustand allgemein eine Dichte von 0,085 bis 0,15 g/cm3, bevorzugt 0,10 bis 0,12 g/cm3. Die Dicke des trockenen Schwammtuchs (vor dem Aufbringen des Klebers und der Flockfasern bzw. Hartstoffpartikel) liegt allgemein bei 0,8 bis 8,0 mm, bevorzugt bei 1,0 bis 3,0 mm.The cellulose-based sponge cloth is generally produced by the viscose process using Glauber's salt as a pore-forming agent. As mechanical reinforcement, it preferably contains a network and / or three-dimensionally distributed fibers in its interior. The reinforcing fibers are usually cotton fibers. In the dry state, the sponge cloth generally has a density of 0.085 to 0.15 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.10 to 0.12 g / cm 3 . The thickness of the dry sponge cloth (before applying the glue and flock fibers or hard material particles) is generally 0.8 to 8.0 mm, preferably 1.0 to 3.0 mm.

Vorzugsweise ist das Schwammtuch nur auf einer Seite beflockt. Der Anteil der beflockten Fläche, bezogen auf die Gesamt-Oberfläche einer Seite des Schwammtuchs, liegt allgemein bei 1 bis 100 %, bevorzugt bei 3 bis 50 %, besonders bevorzugt bei 5 bis 30 %.The sponge cloth is preferably flocked on only one side. The proportion of the flocked area, based on the total surface of one side of the sponge cloth, is generally from 1 to 100%, preferably from 3 to 50%, particularly preferably from 5 to 30%.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die beflockten Bereiche so angeordnet, dass keine Streifen entstehen, wenn mit dem Schwammtuch über eine zu reinigende Oberfläche gewischt wird, unabhängig von der Richtung der Wischbewegung.In a preferred embodiment, the flocked areas are arranged in such a way that no streaks occur when the sponge cloth is wiped over a surface to be cleaned, regardless of the direction of the wiping movement.

In der nachfolgenden Fig. 1 ist ein mit Polyamid-Flock, 44 dtex, 0,5 mm Faserlänge, beflocktes Schwammtuch gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung dargestellt. Die dunklen Kreise stellen dabei die beflockten Bereiche dar.In the following Fig. 1 shows a sponge cloth flocked with polyamide flock, 44 dtex, 0.5 mm fiber length, according to the present invention. The dark circles represent the flocked areas.

Funktion, Optik und Haptik einer Beflockung hängen von der Faserdicke und -länge ab, wobei die Faserdicke in dtex (Gramm pro 10.000 Meter Länge) und die Faserlänge in Millimeter gemessen wird. Allgemein liegt die Dicke zwischen 0,5 dtex und 200 dtex, bevorzugt zwischen 1,0 und 100 dtex, und für die Faserlänge zwischen 0,2 mm und 4,0 mm, bevorzugt 0,4 bis 2,0 mm. Die Eindringtiefe in den Kleber liegt allgemein bei 0,1 mm bis 0,5 mm. Die Fasern dürfen dabei nicht vollständig in den Kleber eindringen.The function, look and feel of a flocking depend on the fiber thickness and length, whereby the fiber thickness is measured in dtex (grams per 10,000 meters of length) and the fiber length in millimeters. In general, the thickness is between 0.5 dtex and 200 dtex, preferably between 1.0 and 100 dtex, and for the fiber length between 0.2 mm and 4.0 mm, preferably 0.4 to 2.0 mm. The penetration depth into the adhesive is generally 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. The fibers must not completely penetrate the adhesive.

Die Fasern sind allgemein in einem Winkel von 70 bis 110°, bezogen auf die Flächennormale, angeordnet, sie stehen damit im wesentlichen im rechten Winkel zur Oberfläche des Schwammtuchs. Die Ausrichtung der Fasern ist entscheidend für die abrasive Wirkung.The fibers are generally arranged at an angle of 70 to 110 ° with respect to the surface normal, so they are essentially at right angles to the surface of the sponge cloth. The orientation of the fibers is crucial for the abrasive effect.

Prinzipiell lassen sich fast alle Fasern zur Beflockung einsetzen. Neben Fasern aus Polyamid, Polyester, und Viskose werden für Spezialanwendungen Acrylflock, Kunstseideflock, Kohlenstoffflock, Baumwollflock, Aramidflock und Polypropylenflock verwendet. Die Verwendung der Fasern hängt jedoch stark vom Einsatzgebiet ab. So eignen sich z. B. Polyesterfasern bestens für Anwendungen im Freien, zeigen aber Schwäche in der Knickstabilität. Sehr gute abrasive Eigenschaften besitzen Fasern auf Polyamidbasis. Das in dieser Applikation technisch am meisten verwendete Polyamid ist PA 6.6, auch bekannt als Nylon. Diese Faser schmilzt bei 255 bis 260 °C und wird anwendungsbezogen vornehmlich im Titerbereich 0,9 dtex bis 100 dtex verwendet. Die Länge variiert dabei von 0,3 mm bis 4,0 mm. Polyamidflock hat eine hohe Abriebfestigkeit und ein sehr gutes Rückstellvermögen nach Druckbelastung (Knickstabilität). Die UV-Stabilität ist in den meisten Fällen ausreichend.In principle, almost all fibers can be used for flocking. In addition to fibers made of polyamide, polyester and viscose, acrylic flock, rayon flock, carbon flock, cotton flock, aramid flock and polypropylene flock are used for special applications. However, the use of the fibers depends heavily on the area of application. So are z. B. show polyester fibers ideal for outdoor applications but weakness in buckling stability. Fibers based on polyamide have very good abrasive properties. The polyamide that is most commonly used technically in this application is PA 6.6, also known as nylon. This fiber melts at 255 to 260 ° C and is mainly used in the titer range 0.9 dtex to 100 dtex depending on the application. The length varies from 0.3 mm to 4.0 mm. Polyamide flock has a high abrasion resistance and very good resilience after pressure load (kink resistance). The UV stability is sufficient in most cases.

Die Fasern können verschiedene Formen haben. Neben "einfachen" Fasern mit einem runden Querschnitt können auch Hohlfasern, Bi- und Multikomponentenfasern, wie Kern/Mantel-Fasern, Seite-an-Seite-Fasern oder Island-in-Sea-Fasern, oder Fasern mit einer nicht-runden Querschnittsform, beispielsweise mit einer quadratischen, sternförmigen oder sonstigen Querschnittsform, eingesetzt werden. Je nach vorgesehenem Verwendungszweck des Schwammtuchs können zum Beflocken auch Fasern verwendet werden, die Füllstoffe mit abrasiven Eigenschaften enthalten.The fibers can have different shapes. In addition to "simple" fibers with a round cross-section, hollow fibers, bi- and multicomponent fibers, such as core / sheath fibers, side-by-side fibers or island-in-sea fibers, or fibers with a non-round cross-sectional shape, can also be used. for example with a square, star-shaped or other cross-sectional shape. Depending on the intended use of the sponge cloth, fibers that contain fillers with abrasive properties can also be used for flocking.

Ein Verfahren, um Schwammtuch abrasiv auszustatten, ist z.B. die Beflockungstechnik. Von den verschiedenen Beflockungsarten kommen für das Schwammtuch die Flächenbeflockung (für eine vollflächige Beflockung einer oder beider Seiten) und die Designbeflockung (Muster, Logos, Schriftzüge usw. mittels einer Schablone oder eines Siebes) in Frage.One method of making a sponge cloth abrasive is, for example, the flocking technique. Of the different types of flocking, surface flocking (for full-surface flocking of one or both sides) and design flocking (patterns, logos, lettering, etc. using a template or a sieve) are possible for the sponge cloth.

Die Beflockung geschieht entweder manuell, halb- oder vollautomatisch im elektrostatischen Feld.The flocking is done either manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically in the electrostatic field.

Das Beflocken der Schwammtücher umfaßt folgende Arbeitsgänge:

  1. 1. Reinigen der Oberfläche von Staub und oder sonstigen Verschmutzungen
  2. 2. Vorbehandlung (falls erforderlich)
  3. 3. Auftragen des Klebstoffs
  4. 4. Auftragen des Flocks im elektrostatischen Feld
  5. 5. Trocknung des Klebstoffs durch thermische und oder strahlentechnische Verfahren
  6. 6. Entfernen der losen Flockfasern durch Absaugen, Blasen, Klopfen, Bürsten oder Waschen
The flocking of the sponge cloths includes the following operations:
  1. 1. Cleaning the surface of dust and other dirt
  2. 2. Pretreatment (if necessary)
  3. 3. Apply the adhesive
  4. 4. Application of the flock in the electrostatic field
  5. 5. Drying of the adhesive by thermal and / or radiation technology processes
  6. 6. Remove the loose flock fibers by suction, blowing, tapping, brushing or washing

Das Aufbringen des elektrisch leitfähigen Klebstoffs erfolgt durch verschiedene Druckverfahren (Tampon-, Sieb- oder Buchdruck in Flächen- oder Rotationsform), kann aber auch durch Spritzen, Streichen, Tauchen oder Walzen erfolgen. Je nach Auftragsmethode muss man die klebstoffspezifischen Eigenschaften wie Viskosität und Thixotropie, Rheologie (Fließverhalten), offene Zeit, Topfzeit und Vernebelung berücksichtigen. Es hat sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, den Kleber in einer Menge von 0,01 bis 0,30 Gramm, bevorzugt von 0,02 bis 0,20 Gramm, pro Quadratzentimeter der zu beflockenden Schwammtuchoberfläche aufzutragen.The electrically conductive adhesive is applied using various printing processes (pad, screen or letterpress in surface or rotary form), but it can also be done by spraying, brushing, dipping or rolling. Depending on the application method, the adhesive-specific properties such as viscosity and thixotropy, rheology (flow behavior), open time, pot life and atomization must be taken into account. It has proven to be expedient to apply the adhesive in an amount of from 0.01 to 0.30 grams, preferably from 0.02 to 0.20 grams, per square centimeter of the surface of the sponge cloth to be flocked.

Der Klebstoff kann sowohl lösungsmittel- oder dispersionsbasierend aus 1 oder 2 Komponenten bestehend, polyurethanbasierend, ein Schmelzklebstoff sein oder chemisch kovalent mit der Oberfläche des Substrates reagieren, wie z. B. Polyisocyanat mit Schwammtuch. Abhängig von der Art des Klebstoffs kann auch eine Vorbehandlung des Substrates vor Auftragen des Klebers, wie Aufrauhen, Schleifen, Behandeln mit Primern, Grundieren mit Plasma oder Behandeln durch Coronaentladung, zweckmäßig sein.The adhesive can be solvent-based or dispersion-based consisting of 1 or 2 components, polyurethane-based, a hot-melt adhesive or chemically covalently react with the surface of the substrate, e.g. B. polyisocyanate with a sponge cloth. Depending on the type of adhesive, pretreatment of the substrate before application of the adhesive, such as roughening, grinding, treating with primers, priming with plasma or treating by corona discharge, can also be useful.

Der Kleber sollte im ausgehärteten Zustand ausreichend flexibel sein und neben einer Waschbeständigkeit bis 95 °C auch beständig gegen UV-Strahlung sein. Auch soll der Kleber der Farbe des Flocks entsprechend einfärbbar sein.When cured, the adhesive should be sufficiently flexible and, in addition to being washable up to 95 ° C, also be resistant to UV radiation. The adhesive should also be able to be colored according to the color of the flock.

Soll nur ein Teilbereich oder ein bestimmtes Design auf dem Schwammtuch beflockt werden, wird der nicht zu beflockende Bereich maskiert, damit dort kein Klebstoffauftrag möglich ist, da sich die Flockfasern nur im Klebstoff fest verankern können.If only a partial area or a certain design is to be flocked on the sponge cloth, the area that is not to be flocked is masked so that no adhesive can be applied there, as the flock fibers can only anchor themselves firmly in the adhesive.

Bei einer elektrostatischen Beflockung werden die mit einer elektrischen Ladung beaufschlagten Flockfasern in einem elektrischen Feld senkrecht zu den Substraten ausgerichtet, so dass die Fasern längs in dem auf dem Substrat aufgebrachten noch nassen Klebstoff eintauchen. Dabei ist grundsätzlich darauf zu achten, dass die Klebstoffschicht in ausreichender Stärke aufgetragen wird, damit sich die Flockfasern optimal im Klebstoffbett verankern können. Nur wenn die Fasern in annähernd rechten Winkel zur Oberfläche des Schwammtuchs in dem Klebstoff fixiert werden, können diese die gewünschte abrasive Wirkung entfalten.In the case of electrostatic flocking, the flock fibers to which an electric charge is applied are aligned in an electric field perpendicular to the substrates, so that the fibers are still longitudinally in the area applied to the substrate Dip the wet adhesive. It is important to ensure that the adhesive layer is applied in sufficient thickness so that the flock fibers can optimally anchor themselves in the adhesive bed. Only when the fibers are fixed in the adhesive at approximately right angles to the surface of the sponge cloth can they develop the desired abrasive effect.

Alle Fasern müssen eine ausreichende elektrostatische Aufladbarkeit aufweisen. Diese kann durch entsprechende Präparation der Faser (z.B. durch Beschichten mit Salzen) erreicht werden. Während der Beflockung muss eine bestimmte Luftfeuchtigkeit und Temperatur eingehalten werden, damit die Leitfähigkeit der Faser gewährleistet ist.All fibers must have sufficient electrostatic chargeability. This can be achieved by appropriately preparing the fiber (e.g. by coating it with salts). A certain humidity and temperature must be maintained during flocking so that the conductivity of the fiber is guaranteed.

Neben den Fasern, die im elektrostatischen Feld ausgerichtet werden müssen, um ihre abrasive Wirkung optimal entfalten zu können, gibt es auch Filamente z.B. Viskosefasern, die an ihrer Oberfläche Carbide, insbesondere Silizium- oder Borcarbide enthalten. Diese sind vollständig abrasiv, so dass eine Ausrichtung solcher Fasern im Klebstoff nicht erforderlich ist. Die Faser darf nur nicht vollständig in den Klebstoff eintauchen. Das gleiche gilt für mit Korund oder Bornitrid ausgestattete Fasern.In addition to the fibers that have to be aligned in the electrostatic field in order to be able to develop their abrasive effect optimally, there are also filaments, e.g. viscose fibers, which contain carbides, in particular silicon or boron carbides, on their surface. These are completely abrasive, so there is no need to align such fibers in the adhesive. The fiber must just not be completely immersed in the adhesive. The same applies to fibers equipped with corundum or boron nitride.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit der schonenden Entfernung einer mittelmäßigen bis starken Verschmutzung ist das Aufbringen eines harten, zähflüssigen Klebers oder einer Siebdruckfarbe, in die zur weiteren Steigerung der abrasiven Wirkung ein abrasives Medium oder andere schmirgelnde Abrasiva eingebracht wurden. Das Aufbringen kann z.B. in einem Designdruckverfahren erfolgen. Bei dieser Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Schwammtuchs ist eine Ausrichtung der zusätzlichen Abrasiva nicht mehr möglich und auch nicht erforderlich. Der Kleber wird zweckmäßig so ausgewählt, dass er beim Gebrauch des Schwammtuchs in dem gleichen Ausmaß wie die Abrasiva selbst abgetragen wird. Auf diese Weise ist sichergestellt, dass die abrasive Wirkung über den maximalen Zeitraum erhalten bleibt. Muster, Logos, Schriftzüge usw. werden mittels einer Schablone oder eines Siebes auf das Schwammtuch aufgebracht; ein geringer Teil des Klebers oder der Farbe verankert sich im Substrat, der weitaus größere Anteil steht jedoch erhaben auf dem Schwammtuch. Wenn der auf Lösemittel oder Dispersion basierende 1- oder 2-Komponentenkleber bzw. die Druckfarbe ausgehärtet sind, lassen sich während des Reinigungsvorgangs Schmutzpartikel durch Hin- und Herbewegungen unter Druckausübung auf den mit Kleber bzw. Farbe beschichteten Teil des Schwammtuchs von der zu reinigenden Oberfläche lösen bzw. bleiben an den Kanten des dreidimensionalen Klebers bzw. der Farbe hängen und können mit der sauberen Rückseite des Schwammtuchs restlos aufgenommen werden. Die Abrasivität ist durch die Härte des zu verwendenden Klebers bzw. Farbe einstellbar. Auch besteht die Möglichkeit, den Kleber einzufärben.Another way of gently removing moderate to heavy soiling is to apply a hard, viscous adhesive or a screen printing ink into which an abrasive medium or other abrasive abrasives have been introduced to further increase the abrasive effect. The application can take place, for example, in a design printing process. In this embodiment of the sponge cloth according to the invention, alignment of the additional abrasives is no longer possible and also not necessary. The adhesive is expediently selected so that it is removed when the sponge cloth is used to the same extent as the abrasive itself. This ensures that the abrasive effect is maintained over the maximum period of time. Patterns, logos, lettering, etc. are applied to the sponge cloth using a template or a sieve; a small part of the adhesive or the paint is anchored in the substrate, the much larger part is raised on the sponge cloth. If the solvent or dispersion based 1- or 2-component adhesive or the printing ink has cured, dirt particles can be detached from the surface to be cleaned during the cleaning process by moving back and forth while exerting pressure on the part of the sponge cloth coated with adhesive or paint, or they remain on the edges of the three-dimensional adhesive or paint hang and can be completely picked up with the clean back of the sponge cloth. The abrasiveness can be adjusted by the hardness of the adhesive or color to be used. There is also the option of coloring the adhesive.

Anstelle des beschriebenen Klebers lassen sich auch Schmelzklebstoffe (auch als Heißklebestoffe, Heißkleber oder Hotmelt bezeichnet) verwenden. Schmelzklebestoffe sind lösungsmittelfreie und bei Raumtemperatur mehr oder weniger feste Produkte, die im heißen Zustand auf die Klebefläche aufgetragen werden und beim Abkühlen eine feste Verbindung mit dem Substrat herstellen. Auch hier steht der größere Anteil der Flockfasern im Wesentlichen senkrecht aus der Ebene des Schwammtuchs hervor und ist für die abrasive Wirkung verantwortlich. Die Inhaltsstoffe der Schmelzkleber basieren auf Basispolymeren, Harzen, Stabilisatoren, Wachs und Nukleierungsmittel und werden entsprechend ihrer Haftung an dem Substrat, der Verarbeitungstemperatur, der Wärmestandfestigkeit, der chemischen Beständigkeit und der Härte ausgewählt.Instead of the adhesive described, hotmelt adhesives (also known as hot melt adhesives, hot melt adhesives or hotmelts) can also be used. Hot-melt adhesives are solvent-free products that are more or less solid at room temperature. They are applied to the adhesive surface when they are hot and create a firm bond with the substrate when they cool down. Here, too, the greater part of the flock fibers protrudes essentially perpendicularly from the plane of the sponge cloth and is responsible for the abrasive effect. The ingredients of the hot melt adhesives are based on base polymers, resins, stabilizers, wax and nucleating agents and are selected according to their adhesion to the substrate, processing temperature, heat resistance, chemical resistance and hardness.

Besonders gut geeignet ist das mit Flockfasern abrasiv ausgerüstete Schwammtuch zum schonenden Entfernen festsitzender Verunreinigungen von Oberflächen, wobei die Oberflächen möglichst unbeschadet bleiben.The sponge cloth with abrasive flock fibers is particularly suitable for gently removing stubborn dirt from surfaces, whereby the surfaces remain as undamaged as possible.

Beabsichtigt man jedoch, die Oberfläche eines Gegenstandes mit Hilfe eines abrasiven Schwammtuchs nachhaltig zu verändern (z.B. aufzurauhen, Material abzutragen oder zu polieren), werden andere Anforderungen an die abrasive Beschichtung des Schwammtuchs gestellt:
Damit der Materialabtrag schnell und nachhaltig (hohe Standzeit) praktiziert werden kann, muss die abrasive Beschichtung sehr hart und zäh sein. Harte, kantige, meist mineralisch basierende Reibekörper, auch Schleifmittel genannt, besitzen diese Eigenschaften. Man unterscheidet zwischen sehr feinen, feinen, mittleren und groben Körnungen. Die Korngrößen werden in der Einheit "Mesh" bezeichnet (Anzahl der Maschen eines Siebes pro Zoll) und reichen in der Regel von ca. 1815 µm (grob) bis hin zu 8,4 µm (sehr fein).However, if one intends to change the surface of an object with the help of an abrasive sponge cloth (e.g. roughening, removing material or polishing), other requirements are placed on the abrasive coating of the sponge cloth:
In order for the material to be removed quickly and sustainably (long service life), the abrasive coating must be very hard and tough. Hard, angular, mostly mineral-based rubbing bodies, also known as abrasives, have these properties. A distinction is made between very fine, fine, medium and coarse grain sizes. The grain sizes are referred to in the unit "mesh" (Number of meshes of a sieve per inch) and usually range from approx. 1815 µm (coarse) to 8.4 µm (very fine).

Diese Hartstoffkörner, auch Schleifmittel und schmirgelnde Abrasiva genannt, bestehen in der Regel aus Korund auf natürlicher oder synthetischer Basis (Aluminiumoxid; Edelkorund, Halbedelkorund, Normalkorund etc.), Siliciumcarbid, Diamant, Bornitrid, Quarz, Metallpulver, Glasgranulat/Glaspulver, Granat, Schmirgel (Mischung aus Korund, Magnetit, Hämatit und Quarz) und viele andere.These hard material grains, also called abrasives and abrasives, usually consist of corundum on a natural or synthetic basis (aluminum oxide; fine corundum, semi-precious corundum, normal corundum, etc.), silicon carbide, diamond, boron nitride, quartz, metal powder, glass granulate / glass powder, garnet, emery (Mixture of corundum, magnetite, hematite and quartz) and many others.

Der Aufbau bzw. Herstellung eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen materialabtragenden, abrasiven Schwammtuchs gleicht weitgehend dem Beschichtungsverfahren mit Flock und wird daher nur im Ansatz beschrieben:
Von den unterschiedlichsten Beschichtungsarten kommen für das Schwammtuch die Flächenbeschichtung (für eine vollflächige Beschichtung einer oder beider Seiten) und die Designbeschichtung (Muster, Logos, Schriftzüge usw. mittels einer Schablone oder eines Siebes) vorrangig in Frage.The structure or manufacture of a material-removing, abrasive sponge cloth that is not according to the invention is largely the same as the coating process with flock and is therefore only roughly described:
Of the most varied types of coating, the surface coating (for a full-surface coating on one or both sides) and the design coating (patterns, logos, lettering, etc. using a template or a sieve) are primarily suitable for the sponge cloth.

Die Beschichtung geschieht entweder manuell, halb- oder vollautomatisch im elektrostatischen Feld.The coating takes place either manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically in the electrostatic field.

Das mit abrasiven Hartstoffkörnern zu beschichtende Schwammtuch unterliegt prinzipiell den gleichen Arbeitsschritten wie bei dem mit PA-Flock beschichteten Schwammtuch:

  1. 1. Reinigen der Oberfläche von Staub und oder sonstigen Verschmutzungen
  2. 2. Vorbehandlung (falls erforderlich)
  3. 3. Auftragen des Klebstoffs
  4. 4. Auftragen der Schleifmittel im elektrostatischen Feld
  5. 5. Trocknung des Klebstoffs durch thermische und oder strahlentechnische Verfahren
  6. 6. Entfernen der losen Körner/Granulate durch Absaugen, Blasen, Klopfen, Bürsten
The sponge cloth to be coated with abrasive hard material grains is basically subject to the same work steps as with the sponge cloth coated with PA flock:
  1. 1. Cleaning the surface of dust and other dirt
  2. 2. Pretreatment (if necessary)
  3. 3. Apply the adhesive
  4. 4. Application of the abrasives in an electrostatic field
  5. 5. Drying of the adhesive by thermal and / or radiation technology processes
  6. 6. Remove the loose grains / granules by suction, blowing, tapping, brushing

Auf das saubere Schwammtuch (Substrat) wird elektrisch leitfähiger Klebstoff aufgetragen. Das Aufbringen des vornehmlich auf Lösungsmittel basierenden Klebstoffs auf dem Schwammtuch erfolgt wie oben beschrieben. Die Hartstoffkörner werden in auf Lösemittel basierendem ein- oder zweikomponentigen Klebstoff fester verankert als auf einem wasserbasierenden Klebstoff.Electrically conductive adhesive is applied to the clean sponge cloth (substrate). The primarily solvent-based adhesive is applied to the sponge cloth as described above. The hard material grains are anchored more firmly in solvent-based one- or two-component adhesive than in a water-based adhesive.

Wie bei der elektrostatischen Beflockung werden die mit einer elektrischen Ladung beaufschlagten Hartstoffkörner in einem elektrischen Feld senkrecht zu den Substraten ausgerichtet, so dass die Körner in dem auf dem Substrat aufgebrachten noch nassen Klebstoff eintauchen. Zusätzlich wird das Schwammtuch durch Rütteln in Schwingungen versetzt, damit die Hartstoffkörner tiefer in den Kleber eindringen und damit fester (haltbarer) vom Kleber umschlossen werden.As with electrostatic flocking, the hard material grains to which an electrical charge is applied are aligned perpendicular to the substrates in an electrical field, so that the grains are immersed in the still wet adhesive applied to the substrate. In addition, the sponge cloth is vibrated by shaking it so that the hard material grains penetrate deeper into the adhesive and are thus more firmly (more permanently) enclosed by the adhesive.

Durch die Kombination der Eigenschaften Flüssigkeitsaufnahme und samtweiche bis hart abrasive Oberfläche des Schwammtuchs, realisiert in einem Produkt, lassen sich mit diesem hartnäckige Verschmutzungen durch Anlösen und anschließender mechanischer Bearbeitung der Oberfläche leicht entfernen. Durch die Art der Flockfaser lässt sich die abrasive Wirkung einstellen, bei gleichbleibendem Flüssigkeitsaufnahme und -abgabevermögen.Due to the combination of the properties of liquid absorption and the velvety soft to hard abrasive surface of the sponge cloth, implemented in one product, stubborn dirt can be easily removed with this by loosening and subsequent mechanical processing of the surface. The type of flock fiber allows the abrasive effect to be adjusted while maintaining the ability to absorb and dispense liquids.

Die nachfolgenden Beispiele dienen zur Illustration der Erfindung. Prozente sind Gewichtsprozente, soweit nicht anders angegeben oder aus dem Zusammenhang unmittelbar ersichtlich.The following examples serve to illustrate the invention. Percentages are percentages by weight, unless otherwise stated or immediately apparent from the context.

Beispiel 1example 1

Ein Schwammtuch, hergestellt nach dem Viskoseverfahren, wurde zunächst von Staub befreit. Dann wurde ein elektrisch leitfähiger Kleber, bestehend aus einer Dispersion ®MECOFLOCK D 585 WFP und 10% Härter ®MECODUR H 5580 durch ein Sieb 21-140 PA mittels Siebdruckverfahren durch 3 Rakelgänge in einer Dicke von ca. 1,5 mm auf das Schwammtuch aufgebracht.A sponge cloth, made according to the viscose process, was first freed from dust. Then an electrically conductive adhesive consisting of a dispersion ®MECOFLOCK D 585 WFP and 10% hardener ®MECODUR H 5580 was applied to the sponge cloth through a screen 21-140 PA using 3 squeegee runs with a thickness of approx. 1.5 mm .

Das so vorbereitete Schwammtuch wurde mit Flockfasern, bestehend aus Polyamid 6.6 mit einem Titer von 50 dtex und einer Länge von 1,2 mm, beaufschlagt. Dazu wurden diese im elektrischen Feld mit einer Spannung von 40 KV längs ausgerichtet, so dass sie im nahezu rechten Winkel zur Oberfläche des Schwammtuchs in den flüssigen Kleber ca. 0,2 mm eindringen konnten.The sponge cloth prepared in this way was exposed to flock fibers consisting of polyamide 6.6 with a titer of 50 dtex and a length of 1.2 mm. To these were aligned lengthways in an electric field with a voltage of 40 KV, so that they could penetrate approx. 0.2 mm into the liquid adhesive at an almost right angle to the surface of the sponge cloth.

Während der anschließenden 20 Minuten andauernden Trocknung bei 80 °C wurden die im Kleber befindlichen Fasern fixiert.During the subsequent 20-minute drying at 80 ° C., the fibers in the adhesive were fixed.

Die nicht im Klebstoff gebundenen Fasern wurden danach mit Hilfe eines Staubsaugers abgesaugt.The fibers not bound in the adhesive were then vacuumed with the aid of a vacuum cleaner.

Beispiel 2 (nicht erfindungsgemäß) Example 2 (not according to the invention)

Ein Schwammtuch, hergestellt nach dem Viskoseverfahren, wurde zunächst von Staub befreit. Dann wurde mittels Siebdruckverfahren ein Kleber MECOFLOCK D 564/1, in den ein PA6-Flock mit einem dtex 44 eingemischt war, durch ein Sieb 10-180 PA mittels Siebdruckverfahren durch 5 Rakelgänge mit einer Dicke von 2 mm auf das Schwammtuch aufgebracht. Der Kleber enthielt 30 % Korund als abrasiven Zusatz und wurde mit 5 % Härter MECODUR H 5580 während der Trocknung auf das Schwammtuch chemisch kovalent fixiert.A sponge cloth, made according to the viscose process, was first freed from dust. Then a MECOFLOCK D 564/1 adhesive, into which a PA6 flock with a dtex 44 was mixed, was applied to the sponge cloth through a 10-180 PA screen using 5 squeegee runs with a thickness of 2 mm by means of a screen printing process. The adhesive contained 30% corundum as an abrasive additive and was chemically covalently fixed to the sponge cloth with 5% hardener MECODUR H 5580 while it was drying.

Beispiel 3 (nicht erfindungsgemäß) Example 3 (not according to the invention)

Ein Schwammtuch, hergestellt nach dem Viskoseverfahren, wurde zunächst von Staub befreit. Dann wurde ein Kleber MECO FLOCK D5641/1 mit PA6-Flockfasern einer durchschnittlichen Länge von 1,5 mm vermischt. Diese Mischung wurde in einem Siebdruckverfahren in dem gewünschten Design auf das Cellulose-Schwammtuch aufgebracht.A sponge cloth, made according to the viscose process, was first freed from dust. Then an adhesive MECO FLOCK D5641 / 1 was mixed with PA6 flock fibers with an average length of 1.5 mm. This mixture was applied to the cellulose sponge cloth in the desired design using a screen printing process.

Die Schwammtücher gemäß den Beispielen 1 bis 3 zeigten eine sehr gute abrasive Wirkung, die über deren gesamte Gebrauchsdauer anhielt.The sponge cloths according to Examples 1 to 3 showed a very good abrasive effect which lasted over their entire service life.

Claims (13)

  1. Abrasive sponge cloth based on regenerated cellulose and reinforced with an internal mesh or substantially homogeneously distributed fibres, characterized in that it comprises abrasive fibres on its surface that are disposed substantially perpendicular to the plane of the sponge cloth surface.
  2. Sponge cloth according to Claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises abrasive particles on its surface.
  3. Sponge cloth according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has the abrasive fibres and/or abrasive particles only on one side.
  4. Sponge cloth according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fraction of the area which comprises abrasive fibres and/or abrasive particles is 1 to 100 %, preferably 3 to 50 %, more preferably 5 to 30 %, based in each case on the total area.
  5. Sponge cloth according to one or more of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the thickness of the synthetic fibres is 0.5 dtex to 200 dtex, preferably 1.0 to 100 dtex.
  6. Sponge cloth according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fibre length is 0.2 mm to 4.0 mm, preferably 0.4 to 2.0 mm.
  7. Sponge cloth according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the synthetic fibres are anchored on the sponge cloth with a solvent- or dispersion-based adhesive made up of 1 or 2 components, a polyurethane-based adhesive, a hotmelt adhesive, or an adhesive undergoing chemical reaction covalently with the cellulose on the surface of the sponge cloth.
  8. Sponge cloth according to one or more of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the depth of penetration of the fibres into the adhesive is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.
  9. Sponge cloth according to one or more of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fibres are disposed at an angle to the surface normal in the range from 70 to 110°.
  10. Sponge cloth according to one or more of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the flocked regions form a graphic pattern.
  11. Sponge cloth according to one or more of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it is flocked with polyamide, polyester and/or viscose fibres.
  12. Sponge cloth according to one or more of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the abrasive fibres and/or abrasive particles are mixed into an adhesive or an ink and are applied in a screen-printing process to some or all of the area of the surface of the sponge cloth.
  13. Sponge cloth according to Claim 12, characterized in that the abrasive medium has no preferential direction.
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US20090178223A1 (en) 2006-02-28 2009-07-16 Carmen Martin Rivera Wear indicator for a flocked scouring material
DE102007050902A1 (en) 2007-10-23 2009-04-30 Carl Freudenberg Kg cleaning Supplies
EP2363024A2 (en) 2010-03-02 2011-09-07 Kalle GmbH Antimicrobial films, sponges and sponge cloths
DE102012004331A1 (en) 2012-03-07 2013-09-12 Carl Freudenberg Kg Cleaning device with foam

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3069647T3 (en) 2021-11-29
ES2874002T3 (en) 2021-11-04
CY1124268T1 (en) 2022-07-22
EP3069647A1 (en) 2016-09-21
DE202015101364U1 (en) 2015-03-20

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