EP3068830A1 - Composition de bases bitume pour la fabrication de bitume comprenant un residu slurry - Google Patents
Composition de bases bitume pour la fabrication de bitume comprenant un residu slurryInfo
- Publication number
- EP3068830A1 EP3068830A1 EP15712124.5A EP15712124A EP3068830A1 EP 3068830 A1 EP3068830 A1 EP 3068830A1 EP 15712124 A EP15712124 A EP 15712124A EP 3068830 A1 EP3068830 A1 EP 3068830A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bitumen
- slurry
- base
- residue
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000036119 Frailty Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010003549 asthenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005609 naphthenate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005474 octanoate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxomolybdenum Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
- C10C3/00—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen
- C10C3/005—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen by mixing several fractions (also coaltar fractions with petroleum fractions)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/01—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/24—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions with moving solid particles
- C10G47/26—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions with moving solid particles suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G49/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00
- C10G49/10—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00 with moving solid particles
- C10G49/12—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00 with moving solid particles suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G7/06—Vacuum distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/16—Residues
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the field of bitumens, in particular intended for road construction or civil engineering.
- the present invention relates to a bitumen base composition
- a bitumen base composition comprising a first bitumen base and a second base which is a residue derived from a slurry phase hydroconversion process.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a residue from a hydroconversion process in slurry phase in a bitumen.
- Bitumen is the main hydrocarbon constituent used in the field of road construction or civil engineering.
- a bitumen can be defined as a mixture of several "bitumen bases”. Two or more bitumen bases may be mixed to form a bitumen base composition.
- a bitumen base composition can form a bitumen. Two or more bitumen base compositions may also be mixed to obtain a bitumen.
- bitsumen bases In order to produce "bitumen bases”, so-called “bitumen” crudes are usually selected according to their ability to produce said bases. Thus, of all the crude oils referenced, only less than 10% make it possible to produce "bitumen bases”. Said bases are generally obtained from residues derived from the distillation of atmospheric crude oil and / or under vacuum.
- bitumen bases resulting from these crudes • The technical characteristics of the bitumen bases resulting from these crudes: penetrability, viscosity, softening point, etc.
- bitumen from bitumen crude thus requires the units to operate for a specified period of time and to adapt them to these particular crudes, which increases operational costs.
- the product obtained from this residue is not a bitumen base within the meaning of the present invention.
- bitumens To be used in the field of road construction or civil engineering, bitumens must have certain physicochemical properties. One of the most important properties is the hardness of the bitumen; this at the use temperatures must be high enough to avoid rutting caused by traffic. Another very important characteristic is the viscosity of the bitumen; the bitumen must be sufficiently fluid at the lowest possible temperatures to allow its application and to limit the emissions of fumes during its application. The implementation of a bitumen base therefore requires combining both the hardness of the bitumen at room temperature and a low viscosity when hot.
- bitumen After atmospheric distillation of the bitumen crudes, the residue is distilled under vacuum by increasing the cutting temperature or operating at a lower pressure so as to eliminate the light fractions. But this technique is not always efficient enough and the heavy fractions are never totally free of light fractions.
- a second way to harden a bitumen is to blow it.
- the blown bitumens are manufactured in a blowing unit, passing a flow of air and / or oxygen through a bitumen that it is desired to cure. This operation can be carried out in the presence of an oxidation catalyst, for example polyphosphoric acid.
- blowing is carried out at high temperatures, of the order of 200 to 300 ° C, for relatively long periods of time typically between 30 minutes and 2 hours, continuously or batch.
- This blowing process has a number of disadvantages:
- the viscosity of the blown bitumen at a given temperature is greater than that of the bitumen before blowing, which requires heating the blown bitumen to a temperature higher than that of a bitumen of the same type not blown to allow its application, which increases energy expenditure and requires the use of additional protections for applicators.
- a third way to harden a bitumen is to add polymers to it. These polymers also make it possible to improve the cohesion and the elastic properties of the bitumen. At the temperatures of use, these characteristics are therefore significantly improved.
- hot addition of polymers to the bituminous composition generally leads to an increase in the viscosity of the bituminous composition. To be able to be applied on the pavement, the bitumen added with polymers will therefore have to be heated to an application temperature higher than that of an equivalent type bitumen without polymers.
- bitumen base composition having characteristics of hardness and viscosity of interest and available at lower cost.
- Said residues can also be recovered as solid fuel in the form of pellets (granules).
- said solid fuel has a low residual value and even less than the value of petroleum coke.
- the quality of the pellets obtained is not very good because of the formation of filaments during the combustion of said pellets.
- bitumen base compositions having particularly advantageous hardness characteristics.
- bitumen base makes it possible to obtain two particularly desirable properties in a bitumen base composition: hardness and viscosity.
- Base bitumen or base is the product from a refining process (atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, etc.). It is an unfinished product in the sense that several bitumen bases are mixed to form a bitumen.
- a bitumen base can be produced by refining a crude oil, especially a bitumen crude, which is heated to 300 ° C, partially vaporized in an oven and transferred to an atmospheric distillation column in which operates the separation of the different fractions. The lightest vaporize while the heaviest (atmospheric residue) remain in the bottom of column and pass into a second heat exchanger before treatment in a vacuum distillation column. Finally, the bitumen base is recovered at the bottom of this vacuum distillation column.
- the bitumen base corresponds for example to the 560 ° C + cut of the vacuum distillation.
- Bituminous binder or bitumen this term defines a finished product that is a mixture of several bitumen bases. This mixture of several bitumen bases makes it possible to formulate a bituminous binder in order to obtain the desired property relating to a particular use.
- Category 1 - Bitumen called pure, that is to say not modified by additives or polymers. They are used for the construction and maintenance of road pavements or paved roads.
- the grades belonging to this category 1 are grades 20/30, 35/50, 50/70, 70/100 and 160/220, classified according to their penetrability at 25 ° C (measured according to the method EN 1426) and their softening points TBA (EN1427 standard), respectively 55-63, 50-58, 46-54, 43-51 and 35/43. These grades correspond, for example, to the grades of bitumens subject to the specifications of standard NF EN 12591.
- An X / Y grade bitumen has a penetrability at 25 ° C. of X 10 1 to Y 10 1 mm.
- Category 2 Hard grade road bitumens.
- the grades belonging to this category 2 are grades 10/20, 15/25 and 5/15 classified according to their penetrability at 25 ° C (according to method EN 1426) and their softening points TBA ( EN 1427), respectively 58-78, 55-71, 60-76.
- These grades correspond, for example, to the grades of bitumens subject to specifications of the draft standard NF EN 12594-1 to replace the standard NF EN 13924.
- Category 3 Multigrade road bitumens 2.
- the grades belonging to this category 3 are grades 20/30, 35/50, 50/70, classified according to their penetrability at 25 ° C (according to method EN 1426) and their softening points TBA (EN1427 standard), respectively 54-63, 57-66, 63-72.
- These grades correspond, for example, to the grades of bitumens subject to the specifications of draft standard NF EN 12594-2, which will replace standard NF EN 13924.
- bitumens are for example subject to the specifications of standard NF EN 14023.
- bitumens are, for example, subject to the specifications of standard NF EN 15322.
- the properties of bitumens are measured according to standardized methods, namely:
- Needle penetration measured according to EN 1426. Needle penetration is the depth of penetration, expressed in tenths of a millimeter, of a standard needle of 1 mm in diameter, under a load of 100 g, applied for 5 seconds to a bitumen sample maintained at 25 ° C or 15 ° C.
- the ball and ring softening point (TBA), according to EN 1427, is the second basic characteristic of a bitumen: a small steel ball 3.5 g and 9.5 mm in diameter is placed on a disk bitumen previously poured into a ring of 19.8 mm internal diameter, itself placed on a standard support. The whole is installed in a water bath whose initial and stabilized temperature is 5 ° C. The underside of the bitumen ring is 25.4 mm from the top surface of the bottom plate of the support, which corresponds to the fall distance of the ball during the test.
- the bath is heated at a constant speed of 5 ° C / min, with stirring, and the ball and ring softening point (often referred to as TBA) is the the temperature at which the bitumen pocket, formed during the fall of the ball, touches the reference plate placed (as it has been said) 25.4 mm below the bitumen ring.
- TBA ball and ring softening point
- NF EN 12591 makes it possible to determine the thermal susceptibility of a bitumen.
- the PI is calculated using a formula from the value of the penetrability at 25 ° C and the TBA value of a given bitumen. The result is expressed without dimension.
- NF EN 12593 assesses the fragility of bitumen at low temperature. A sample of bitumen is spread on a steel strip at a uniform thickness. This blade is subjected to constant cooling and flexed repeatedly until the binder layer cracks. The temperature at which the first crack appears is noted as Fraass's point of weakness.
- the flash point (Cleveland method) according to the NF EN ISO 2592 standard determines the flash and fire points of petroleum products using the Cleveland open cup apparatus. It applies to petroleum products with a flash point in open vessels above 79 ° C, except for fuel oils.
- the test vessel is filled by the test sample to a specified level. The temperature of the test portion is increased rapidly, then more slowly and constantly when approaching the flash point. At specified temperature ranges, a small flame is passed over the test vessel.
- the flash point at ambient atmospheric pressure is the lowest temperature at which the passage of the flame causes the vapors to ignite above the surface of the liquid. For the determination of the point of fire, the test is continued until the passage of the flame causes ignition and then combustion of the test portion for at least 5 s. Flash and fire points obtained at ambient atmospheric pressure are corrected at normal atmospheric pressure using an equation. The result is expressed in degrees Celsius.
- solubility determines the degree of solubility, in a specific solvent, of bitumens, having little or no mineral matter, other than those recovered from bituminous mixes.
- Toluene is used as a solvent for the reference tests.
- a sample of bitumen is dissolved in a solvent. This solution (containing the dissolved sample) is filtered through a layer of glass powder in a sintered glass crucible. The insoluble product is washed, then dried and weighed. The result is expressed as a percentage by mass of soluble matter.
- the dynamic viscosity at 60 ° C (VD60) according to standard NF EN 12596 determines the dynamic viscosity of a bitumen using capillary viscometers under vacuum at 60 ° C, in the range 0.003 6 Pa.s to 580 000 Not.
- the time required for a fixed volume of liquid to flow through a capillary is determined by suction under vacuum and under strictly controlled conditions of vacuum and temperature.
- the viscosity is calculated by multiplying the flow time in seconds by the calibration factor of the viscometer. The result is expressed in Pa.s.
- the kinematic viscosity at 135 ° C (VC135) according to standard NF EN 12595 determines the kinematic viscosity of a bitumen at 135 ° C, in the range of 6 mm 2 / s to 300 000 mm 2 / s.
- the time required for a fixed volume of liquid to flow through a calibrated glass capillary viscometer under a reproducible hydrostatic head at a carefully controlled temperature (flow time) is determined.
- the kinematic viscosity is calculated by multiplying the flow time in seconds by the calibration factor of the viscometer. The result is expressed in mm 2 / s.
- the RTFOT (Rolling Thin Film Oven Test) heat and air hardness test makes it possible to measure the combined effects of heat and heat.
- air on a thin film of bitumen in permanent renewal It simulates the hardening that a bitumen undergoes during mixing in a coating plant.
- a permanently renewed bitumen film is heated in an oven at a prescribed temperature for a given period of time, and under a constant sweep of air.
- the effects of heat and air are determined from the change in mass of the sample (expressed as a percentage), or the evolution of the characteristics of the bituminous binder such as penetrability (EN 1426), the point of ball softening - & - ring (EN 1427) or dynamic viscosity (EN 12596), measured before and after the oven.
- Process for hydre-conversion in slurry phase The slurry phase process, or slurry technology, used for the hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbon fractions is a method known to those skilled in the art.
- the slurry residue hydroconversion technologies use a dispersed catalyst in the form of very small particles, the size of which is less than 500 ⁇ , preferably 1 to 200 nm, more particularly 1 to 20 nm for the fat-soluble precursors.
- the catalysts, or their precursors are injected with the feed to be converted at the inlet of the reactors.
- the catalysts pass through the reactors with the feedstocks and the products being converted, and then are driven with the reaction products out of the reactors. They are found after separation in the heavy residual fraction.
- the catalysts used in slurry are generally sulfurized catalysts preferably containing at least one member selected from the group consisting of Mo, Fe, Ni, W, Co, V, Cr and / or Ru; these elements can be coupled to form bimetallic catalysts.
- the catalysts used are generally unsupported catalysts, that is to say that the active phase is not deposited on the (porous) surface of a solid support but well dispersed directly in the feedstock.
- the catalyst is generally provided in a non-active form, it is called precursor. Sulfurization of the catalytic metal present in the precursor makes it possible to obtain the metal sulphides forming the active phase of the catalysts.
- the precursors are generally conventional chemicals (metal salt, phosphomolybdic acid, sulfur compounds, organometallic compounds or natural ores), which are converted into active catalyst in-situ in the reactor or in pretreatment units forming an integral part of the processes. hydroconversion in slurry phase.
- the precursors are, for example, octoates, naphthenates, metallocenes, oxides or crushed ores.
- the catalyst can be used in a single pass or in recyle mode.
- the catalyst When the catalyst is in a non-active form, that is to say in the form of a precursor, it may be in liposoluble, water-soluble or solid (mineral) form.
- a non-active form that is to say in the form of a precursor
- it may be in liposoluble, water-soluble or solid (mineral) form.
- Such precursors and catalysts that can be used in the process according to the invention are widely described in the literature.
- Table 1 below are specified, by way of example, the amounts of catalysts that can be added to the load in either a "pass" or recycle mode. Table 1
- the slurry phase hydroconversion process operates at a high severity in order to be able to convert complex charges.
- hydrocarbon feeds having an H / C ratio of at least 0.25.
- the hydrocarbon feeds that can be treated by this process can be chosen from: atmospheric residues and residues under vacuum, residues from deasphalting unit, deasphalted oils, visbreduced effluents (thermal cracking), heavy effluents 350 ° C + from a unit of FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking), including FCC slurry, shale oil, biomass, coal, petroleum coke from delayed coker, or mixtures of one or more of these products.
- FCC Fluid Catalytic Cracking
- Other raw materials can also be co-treated with petroleum residues: tires, polymers, road bitumens.
- the process usually operates at temperature conditions of between 400 and 500 ° C (inclusive) and preferably between 410 and 470 ° C (inclusive).
- the hydrogen pressure is in general from 90 to 250 bar, preferably from 100 to 170 bar.
- the hourly liquid space velocity, expressed in h 1 corresponds to the ratio of the flow rate of the feedstock to the reaction volume, is for example between 0.05 to 1.5 h 1 (limits included).
- This process can be carried out in one or more reactors, in series or in parallel, which can be of different types, for example an isothermal bubble column reactor.
- Such a slurry phase hydroconversion process may comprise, after a hydroconversion step in at least one reactor containing a slurry catalyst containing at least one metal, a step of separating the hydroconversion effluent. This separation step has 3 sub-steps:
- First sub-step the effluent is separated from the hydroconversion stage in a C6 ⁇ cut and a C6 + cut at high temperature, about 300 ° C, and high pressure, about 150 bar, for example in a column of distillation.
- Second sub-step the C6 + cut recovered in the previous step is separated into a 350 ° C ⁇ cut and a 350 ° C + cut at atmospheric pressure and at high temperature, about 300 ° C, for example in a column of distillation.
- the 350 ° C + cut recovered in the previous step is separated into a 525 ° C ⁇ cut and a 525 ° C + cut by distillation under vacuum and at high temperature, for example greater than 300 ° C.
- the 525 ° C + cut corresponds to the ultimate slurry residue used in the present invention.
- Slurry residue The slurry residue within the meaning of the invention is the ultimate vacuum residue resulting from a slurry phase hydroconversion process as described above.
- slurry residues consist of very complex molecules.
- a typical elemental composition of an ultimate slurry residue is as follows:
- the majority of molecules have groups of aromatic rings (at least 6 cycles) possibly linked by chains paraffinic. They can contain more than 60% of carbon in unsaturated chains. The atomic ratio H / C is therefore low.
- Said slurry residues usually correspond to the 525 ° C + cut of the effluent resulting from a slurry phase hydroconversion process. They are essentially composed of two families of compounds: maltenes and asphaltenes, obtained by fractionation SARA. This fractionation consists in separating the constituents of the oil in four fractions: Saturated, Aromatic, Resins and Asphaltenes. Their proportion may vary depending on the origin of the crude oil. By way of example, a slurry residue may contain from 15 to 50% by weight of asphaltenes. The slurry residues used in the present invention are therefore not necessarily derived from the hydroconversion in slurry phase of so-called "bitumen" crude, but the treatment of any crude oil.
- the slurry residue obtained can contain between 0.05% and 5% (wt) of catalyst fines. It is possible to filter the slurry residue with 0.8 to 3 ⁇ filters. After filtration, the residue may then contain from 0% to 0.25% (wt) of catalyst fines.
- the slurry residue used in the present invention may be the 525 ° C + cut of the effluent resulting from a slurry phase hydroconversion process, also called ultimate slurry vacuum residue or RSV slurry, optionally filtered.
- a slurry residue as defined above thus has a chemical composition and physico-chemical and rheological properties different from those of residues such as residues of atmospheric distillation, residues vacuum distillation, visbreaking residues or catalytic cracking residues.
- the residues of atmospheric or vacuum distillation come from separation processes in which the molecules do not undergo (or little) transformation.
- the atmospheric residues or vacuum residues resulting from the distillation of the crude oil may contain from 2 to 25% by weight of asphaltenes.
- the visbreaking residues are residues resulting from the vacuum distillation of the products resulting from a visbreaking process.
- Viscoreduction is known to denote a treatment of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks, consisting of bringing these charges to the liquid state in a furnace. a cracking temperature of the heavier hydrocarbons.
- the cracking reaction can be continued in a maturator, in which, without further heating, the charges move at such a rate that, at the temperature in question, they have a residence time sufficient to obtain the desired cracking of the heavy molecules into more molecules. light.
- the temperature is generally of the order of 400 to 500 ° C and pressure of about 2 to 30 May 10 Pascals.
- the cracking results in a reduction in the viscosity of the treated filler.
- the cracking products including optionally formed gaseous products, are discharged to a fractionation unit by atmospheric distillation and then by vacuum distillation.
- a visbroken residue (RVR) may contain from 10 to 30 wt% of asphaltenes.
- Catalytic cracking residues such as the Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) process
- FCC Fluid Catalytic Cracking
- the FCC process usually operates at temperature conditions of 480 to 540 ° C and pressure conditions of 2 to 3 bar.
- the 350 ° C. + cup can contain from 0.1 to 8% by weight asphaltenes.
- the present invention consists in providing a bitumen base composition comprising a conventional bitumen base (other than a slurry residue) mixed with a slurry residue.
- composition of bitumen bases comprising at least:
- bitumen base having a penetrability at 25 ° C less than or equal to 220. 1 mm and a softening point greater than or equal to 35 ° C.
- slurry residue derived from a slurry phase hydroconversion process, said slurry residue having a penetrability at 25 ° C of less than or equal to 50. 1 mm and a softening point greater than or equal to 50 ° C.
- the slurry residue defined in b) may have a penetrability at 25 ° C greater than or equal to 5. 1 mm and a softening point of less than or equal to 90 ° C.
- bitumen base composition according to the invention may comprise at least:
- bitumen base as defined in a) above;
- bitumen base composition according to the invention may comprise at least:
- bitumen base as defined in a) above;
- the slurry residue (s) defined in (b) may comprise catalyst fines (catalyst particles) in variable content.
- the content observed is from 0.05 to 5% by weight, and can be reduced, for example from 0 to 0.25% by weight, for example following filtration or any other treatment making it possible to separate the catalyst particles. a slurry residue.
- bitumen base composition may comprise from 1 to 30% by weight, for example from 1 to 25% by weight, of at least one slurry residue having a content of catalyst particles of 0 to 3% by weight.
- bitumen base composition may comprise from 1 to 15% by weight of at least one slurry residue having a catalyst particle content of 0 to 5% by weight.
- bitumen base composition according to the invention may consist of one or more bitumen bases as defined in a) and of one or more slurry residues, as defined in b).
- bitumen base composition according to the invention may consist of a single bitumen base as defined in a) and a single slurry residue as defined in b).
- the bitumen base mentioned in a) may be a conventional bitumen base produced by refining a so-called "bitumen” crude oil, as previously described.
- said at least one bitumen base defined in a) can be a base resulting from the atmospheric distillation and / or vacuum distillation of crude oil, in particular from a so-called "bitumen” crude.
- the slurry residue mentioned in b) is a slurry residue as described above. It is in particular an ultimate vacuum residue of a hydroconversion process in the slurry phase. It can thus be derived from a slurry phase hydroconversion process of a feed having an H / C ratio of at least 0.25, said process operating at temperature conditions of 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. with a hydrogen pressure of 90 to 250 bar and a WH of 0.05 to 1.5 h 1 , a catalyst comprising at least one metal being added as a precursor and dispersed in the feed.
- a three-step separation as described above can recover said slurry residue (ultimate vacuum residue).
- composition of bitumen bases according to the invention can be carried out by simple mixing of the bitumen bases defined in a) and b), in particular with stirring, at a temperature sufficient to ensure a homogeneous mixture of these bases. This temperature is generally greater than 80 ° C at the softening point of each of the bases (bitumen base and slurry residue).
- Said at least one bitumen base defined in a) may have a penetrability at 25 ° C ranging from 5.10 1 to 220.10 1 mm, for example from
- said at least one bitumen base defined in a) may have a softening point greater than or equal to 35 ° C, as already mentioned, for example greater than or equal to 43 ° C, or even greater than or equal to 50 ° C.
- the softening point may be 35 ° C to 78 ° C, for example 43 ° C to 78 ° C or 43 ° C to 58 ° C or 58 ° C to 78 ° C.
- said at least one bitumen base defined in a) can have the following characteristics:
- the penetration at 25 ° C can be from 15.
- 10 1 to 25.10 1 mm and the softening point greater than or equal to 55 ° C, for example 55 ° C to 71 ° C or the penetrability at 25 ° C may be 10.10 1 to 20.10 "1 mm and the upper softening point or at 58 ° C, for example 58 ° C to 78 ° C, or the penetrability at 25 ° C may be 5.10 1 to 15.10 1 mm and the softening point greater than or equal to 60 ° C, for example from 60 ° C to 76 ° C, or the penetrability at 25 ° C may be from 20.10 "1 to 30.10 1 mm and the softening point greater than or equal to 54 ° C, for example from 54 ° C to 63 ° C ; or the penetrability at 25 ° C may be from 35.10 "1 to 50.10 1 mm and the softening point greater than or equal to 57 ° C, for example from 57 ° C to 66
- Said at least one bitumen base defined in a) can in particular belong to one of the categories of bitumen 1 to 3 defined above.
- the invention also relates to the use of a residue resulting from a slurry reactor hydroconversion process as bitumen base for road bitumen.
- a process for preparing a bitumen base for road asphalt may include:
- this slurry residue then forms a bitumen base that can be used to produce a road bitumen.
- Base A Grade 20/30 hard base whose properties are shown in Table 3 below:
- a vacuum residue from the vacuum distillation of an Ural crude is mixed with molybdenum catalyst and hydrogen upstream of an oven in which it is heated.
- the mixture is then sent to a perfectly stirred reactor where the reaction of conversion to slurry phase continues.
- a 3-step separation, as previously described, is performed to obtain the ultimate vacuum residue, which corresponds to the 525 ° C + cut.
- Base C Soft base grade 160/220, the characteristics of which are given in Table 6 below.
- Base D vacuum residue, corresponding to a grade 10/20 base, the characteristics of which are given in Table 7 below.
- the bases A and B are preheated in a ventilated oven at 140 ° C.
- the preheating time is estimated at 1:30 for 1kg of base in order to obtain a fluid and homogeneous base.
- the mixture is heated by a "balloon heater” system with electrical resistance, thermostat and thermally coupled PT100 temperature sensor. Stirring is performed by a "Rayneri” type system which is a centripetal metal turbine coupled to a stirring system equipped with a speed control system (0 to 2000 rpm).
- the mixture is heated at 160 ° C. with stirring (250-300 rpm) for a period of 45 min so as to obtain a homogeneous mixture.
- the base C is preheated in a ventilated oven at 120 ° C.
- the preheating time is estimated at 1:30 for 1kg of base in order to obtain a fluid and homogeneous base.
- the mixture of the base C and the mixture A / B is made similar to the preparation of the mixture A / B.
- Test 1 Test 2: Test 3: Test 4:
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1452614A FR3019182B1 (fr) | 2014-03-27 | 2014-03-27 | Composition de bases bitume pour la fabrication de bitume comprenant un residu slurry. |
PCT/EP2015/056229 WO2015144689A1 (fr) | 2014-03-27 | 2015-03-24 | Composition de bases bitume pour la fabrication de bitume comprenant un residu slurry |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3068830A1 true EP3068830A1 (fr) | 2016-09-21 |
Family
ID=50877472
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP15712124.5A Withdrawn EP3068830A1 (fr) | 2014-03-27 | 2015-03-24 | Composition de bases bitume pour la fabrication de bitume comprenant un residu slurry |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170137718A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3068830A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2017514929A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20160140656A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN106133064A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2940459A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3019182B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015144689A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
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CN115612305B (zh) | 2016-03-07 | 2024-05-03 | 加拿大国家铁路公司 | 固体球粒 |
FR3113678B1 (fr) | 2020-08-31 | 2022-08-12 | Ifp Energies Now | Bitumes comportant des bases bitumes non conventionnelles |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB506577A (en) * | 1937-12-11 | 1939-05-31 | Baugesellschaft Malchow G M B | A process for the preparation of homogeneous binder-like mixtures of petroleum bitumen and coal tars and of products containing such mixtures |
NL6401698A (fr) * | 1964-02-24 | 1965-08-25 | ||
US3387981A (en) * | 1964-05-21 | 1968-06-11 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Bitumen composition of improved temperature susceptibility |
NL6607081A (fr) * | 1966-05-24 | 1967-11-27 | ||
FR1555876A (fr) * | 1967-12-21 | 1969-01-31 | ||
GB1141327A (en) * | 1968-01-08 | 1969-01-29 | Shell Int Research | Bitumens |
GB1216792A (en) * | 1969-07-09 | 1970-12-23 | Shell Int Research | Bituminous materials |
DE1963489B2 (de) * | 1969-12-18 | 1973-10-18 | Wintershall Ag, 3100 Celle | Bindemittel in Asphaltestrichen |
GB1491303A (en) * | 1975-12-31 | 1977-11-09 | British Petroleum Co | Bitumen |
PL158812B1 (pl) * | 1988-12-30 | 1992-10-30 | Inst Chemii Przemyslowej | Sposób wytwarzania mieszanek pakowo-asfaltowych PL PL PL PL PL |
DE10013465C2 (de) * | 2000-03-18 | 2002-04-18 | Buehler Hans Joachim | Bitumen mit einem Anteil an Polyolefinabbauwachs und dessen Verwendung |
CN1107706C (zh) * | 2000-07-24 | 2003-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种重、渣油加氢转化方法 |
CN101570410A (zh) * | 2009-06-11 | 2009-11-04 | 李永久 | 道路沥青改性剂 |
-
2014
- 2014-03-27 FR FR1452614A patent/FR3019182B1/fr active Active
-
2015
- 2015-03-24 US US15/127,431 patent/US20170137718A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-03-24 EP EP15712124.5A patent/EP3068830A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-03-24 KR KR1020167026759A patent/KR20160140656A/ko unknown
- 2015-03-24 JP JP2016555821A patent/JP2017514929A/ja active Pending
- 2015-03-24 CA CA2940459A patent/CA2940459A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2015-03-24 CN CN201580016674.3A patent/CN106133064A/zh active Pending
- 2015-03-24 WO PCT/EP2015/056229 patent/WO2015144689A1/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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None * |
See also references of WO2015144689A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN106133064A (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
FR3019182B1 (fr) | 2017-09-01 |
WO2015144689A1 (fr) | 2015-10-01 |
JP2017514929A (ja) | 2017-06-08 |
FR3019182A1 (fr) | 2015-10-02 |
US20170137718A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
CA2940459A1 (fr) | 2015-10-01 |
KR20160140656A (ko) | 2016-12-07 |
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