Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
  • B66B11/0065—Roping
  • B66B11/008—Roping with hoisting rope or cable operated by frictional engagement with a winding drum or sheave
  • B66B11/009—Roping with hoisting rope or cable operated by frictional engagement with a winding drum or sheave with separate traction and suspension ropes

Definitions

• Elevator system with reduced balancing Elevator system with reduced balancing.
• the invention relates to a lift system with reduced balancing.
• An elevator system conventionally includes a cab and a counterweight attached to a cable supported by a pulley.
• the weight of the counterweight is chosen equal to the mass of the cab plus one half of the maximum payload provided.
• Payload means the load attributable to passengers and cargo in the cabin.
• Document FR2768421 discloses a reduced-balance elevator system, that is, the weight of the counterweight differs from the mass of the car by a gap which is less than half the expected maximum payload. A load value is measured inside the cabin, and if this measured value is greater than a threshold equal to twice this difference, the speed of the car is reduced below a predetermined speed value.
• an elevator system having a predetermined maximum load mass comprising:
• a control device comprising receiving means for receiving a measured value of current load, processing means for calculating a speed value as a function of the measured value of current load and the means of transmission for transmitting a control signal in order to impose a cabin displacement at the calculated speed,
• At least one of the cabin and the counterweight is mounted on at least one linear element passing through the two pulleys so as to form with this at least one of the cabin and the counterweight a closed loop.
• the proposed system comprises a second pulley for tensioning the element (s) linear (s) to the desired tension, which can ensure an adherent contact with the pulleys, and even if the ratio between the masses of the loaded cab and counterweight is relatively high.
• the adhesion depends relatively little, or not, the value of the mass of the cabin, the adhesion being more a function of the balancing and the mechanics of the loop.
• This system makes it possible to limit the dependence which exists between the adhesion and the balancing in a traditional installation.
• This system can thus reconcile safety and energy saving.
• the linear element may for example comprise a cable, but a flat-section belt will advantageously be preferred, in order to further limit the risk of slipping.
• the belt can advantageously be grooved.
• the invention is not limited to a particular configuration of the elevator system.
• a system may be provided in which the cabin and the counterweight together with the driving element and the two pulleys form the closed loop.
• the car forms the closed loop with the driving element and the two pulleys, while the counterweight (respectively the car) is attached to one end of a driving element.
• additional member wound around a third pulley installed at the upper end of the sheath, this additional drive element being further fixed at its other end to the cabin (respectively, to the counterweight).
• the term "load to be lifted” is understood to mean the absolute value of the difference between the mass loaded cabin side and the mass of the counterweight. If the cab is loaded so that the load to be lifted is relatively small, the cab movement can be performed requiring relatively little power. On the other hand, for a relatively high lift load, it will be possible to reduce the cabin traveling speed in order to limit the power consumed.
• the measured value of the current load is less than, or less than or equal to, a strictly positive or zero load threshold, generating a speed value strictly greater than the predetermined speed value and resulting from the Renard series, for example at least equal to 1, 1 times this value,
• an elevator system having a predetermined maximum load mass comprising:
• a control device comprising receiving means for receiving a measured value of current load, processing means for calculating a velocity value as a function of the current load measured value and the transmission means for transmitting an elaborated control signal according to the calculated velocity value in order to impose a cabin displacement at the calculated velocity, and
• a locking device for example a parachute, able to stop the cabin of the elevator.
• the control device is arranged to receive a speed value from at least one sensor, to compare this speed value with a speed threshold value, and to transmit to the blocking device a trigger signal developed in function of the result of the comparison.
• the control device is further arranged to determine the speed threshold value as a function of the calculated speed value.
• the parachute trip threshold is adapted according to a calculated speed value itself as a function of the cabin load.
• the controller may impose a reduced cabin speed with respect to a nominal speed value corresponding to a zero measured load. If the trigger threshold value is predetermined, because linked for example to an overspeed detection performed by mechanical means of the spring-loaded or flyer type, then the passengers may experience a relatively strong acceleration. The proposed system can thus avoid the sensations related to this acceleration.
• the speed value compared to the speed threshold value may be derived from a speed sensor, or may also be estimated from position values from a position sensor.
• the speed threshold value is determined by multiplying the calculated speed value by a predetermined coefficient and of value strictly greater than 1, and advantageously greater than 1.05, for example 1, 3 or even 1, 1.
• the parachute is activated when the measured speed exceeds by a given percentage the calculated speed, for example 30% or 10% in the respective cases of coefficients of 1, 3 and 1, 1.
• the locking device can be controlled directly by the control device, via the trigger signal.
• This trigger signal can for example be sent to electromechanical conversion means, for example a coil, a motor, or other, arranged to act directly on the locking device.
• control system may be arranged so that, especially when the load to be lifted is relatively low, a higher speed value than a nominal speed value is calculated.
• the displacement can be performed relatively quickly, without drastic increase in consumption if the value of the load to be lifted is low.
• the speed value may be higher than the nominal speed value corresponding to a zero charge value.
• Adapting the value of the trigger threshold can then be used to avoid false positives, insofar as the triggering threshold is then chosen relatively high.
• the elevator system can be associated with a predetermined speed value and derived from the Renard basic series R5, for example 1 m / s or 1, 6 m / s.
• This association is conventional in the prior art, the types of elevator systems being conventionally described by a maximum load mass and a speed from the Renard series, for example "630 kg, lm / s".
• known systems of the prior art operate at this predetermined speed value regardless of the load of the cabin.
• the document FR2768421 describes a system in which a speed lower than this predetermined speed is imposed and associated with the elevator system when the load is greater than a threshold depending on the balancing.
• the processing means may be arranged to calculate a speed value strictly greater than said predetermined value when the cabin is empty.
• the movements are made at a speed higher than the speed expected for this type of elevator system, thus reducing waiting times for users.
• the processing means may be arranged to compare the current measured load value with a strictly positive load threshold, for example 30% or 50% of the maximum load, and for when the value current measured load is less than or equal to this load threshold, determining a velocity value strictly greater than the predetermined speed value from the Renard series.
• a strictly positive load threshold for example 30% or 50% of the maximum load
• the load threshold may be equal to the mass of the counterweight, or not.
• the movements are performed at a speed greater than the speed expected for this type of elevator system.
• Moving a given number of people, for example 7.5% of the population of a building, can be done faster than in the standards in force and with a lower filling rate of the cabin, that is to say that moving can be both faster and more comfortable for people.
• the processing means may be arranged in such a way that, when the current measured load value is less than or equal to the load threshold, a single speed value must be imposed regardless of the value of the measured load, for example 1, 3 m / min. s in the case of a speed value from the Renard series of 1 m / s.
• the processing means may be arranged so that, when the current measured load value is less than or equal to this load threshold, calculating a speed value as a function of at least one parameter (for example the value of the current charge measured), it being understood that the value thus calculated is strictly greater than the speed value resulting from the Renard series.
• the processing means can be arranged to calculate, when the current measured load value is less than or equal to the load threshold, a speed value at least equal to 1, 1 times the value of speed from the Renard series, advantageously at least equal to 1, 2 times the speed value from the Renard series, advantageously at least equal to 1, 3 times the speed value from the Renard series.
• the speed value can be calculated as a function of the load value so that the power varies relatively little from one load value to another.
• the speed value may be relatively low when the load to be raised has a relatively high value, and / or conversely the calculated speed value may be relatively high when the load value to be raised is relatively low.
• the speed value can be calculated in addition to the direction of the displacement.
• Some displacements for example to raise to higher floors a current load of value lower than the mass value of the counterweight, are in fact low energy consuming since it is above all braking.
• the imposed speed may therefore be relatively high for displacements performed solely because of gravity.
• control device can be arranged to compare the current measured load value with a strictly positive threshold, of value equal to or different from the value of the load threshold, and to impose a more speed value. low in climb as a sink when the current measured load value is greater than, or greater than or equal to, that threshold.
• This threshold may be equal to the mass of the counterweight, or not.
• a certain threshold which is strictly positive, for example a percentage of the maximum load.
• the processing means can be arranged to calculate the speed value in addition to a value of energy consumption mode.
• the power value may be likely to vary in a relatively small range and centered around a predetermined power value, for example 3 kW or 4 kW.
• the speed value can be calculated so that, whatever the load, the power value remains in a second range centered around a lower power value. , for example less than or equal to 1 kW.
• This degraded mode could for example be implemented in the case of a power failure, that is to say that the mode value is changed (in particular) following the detection of a power failure.
• the elevator system may advantageously be arranged in such a way, particularly in the event of a power failure, to use energy from a renewable energy source, for example solar panels installed for example on the roof of the building, a wind turbine, or whatever.
• a renewable energy source for example solar panels installed for example on the roof of the building, a wind turbine, or whatever.
• the elevator system can thus be connected to this storage means, especially when the renewable energy source is installed on the building or in the vicinity.
• the elevator system can thus advantageously be used in a building with positive energy.
• a so-called traffic mode could be used when the elevator system is relatively busy.
• the control device may for example comprise a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other. This processor may in particular be remote from the rest of the elevator system.
• the receiving means may for example comprise pins, input buses or the like.
• the processing means may for example comprise a processor core or the like.
• the transmission means may for example comprise pins, output buses or the like.
• the method comprises:
• the speed threshold value is determined according to the calculated speed value.
• the cab and / or the counterweight form (s) with two pulleys at the ends of the sheath and at least one linear element a closed loop.
• Figure 1 shows an example of an elevator system according to a first embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 2 shows an example of the elevator system according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• Fig. 3 is a flowchart of an exemplary method according to one embodiment of the invention.
• an elevator system 1 is designed for a predetermined maximum load mass QMAX, for example 230 kg, and for a predetermined speed from the Renard R5 series, for example 1 m / s.
• the maximum load mass value is usually indicated inside the cab so that the number of people inside the cab remains below a threshold, for example 3 people.
• This elevator system comprises a car 2 having a predetermined car mass M ca b and a counterweight 3 having a predetermined MCP counterweight.
• This mass of counterweight MCP is chosen equal to the mass of the cabin M ca b supplemented with a balancing load value Q eq chosen strictly less than half the maximum load mass QMAX.
• This balancing load value Q EQ may for example be chosen equal to 32%, 40% or other of the predetermined maximum load value QMAX.
• the Applicant has observed that reducing the balancing from 50% to 32% could allow energy savings of the order of 30% or more depending on the use of the elevator system.
• the system 1 further comprises a linear drive element 4 forming a closed loop with two pulleys 5, 6 installed at the ends respectively high and low of a not shown sheath of the elevator system.
• the linear drive element is a flat belt with grooves parallel to its length
• the system 1 further comprises a position sensor 7 for measuring a position value of the cabin 2.
• This position sensor may for example comprise means for reading a not shown magnetic tape installed on at least a portion and advantageously over the entire stroke of the elevator car 2.
• a Hall effect sensor is for example described in US 2006/07181.
• a mass sensor 8 is installed on the cabin 2 to measure a load value Qmes supported inside the cabin 2.
• a QAL lift load value is defined as the absolute value of a difference between the cab-side mass and the counterweight-side mass, ie:
• the system 1 further comprises a control device 9 in communication with the sensors 7, 8, for example by radiofrequency communication means not shown.
• This control device 9 may for example include a processor not shown.
• the control device 9 is also in communication with a motor 10 integral with the traction sheave 5 installed at the upper end of the elevator shaft.
• the control device 9 generates a control signal to be transmitted to the motor 10, as a function of a load value to be lifted from the position sensor 7.
• the speed of the car movements is adapted as a function of the load to be lifted. .
• control device 9 calculates a parachute trip threshold value (not shown), as a function of this imposed speed value.
• FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a method realized by a processor integrated in the control device 9.
• the processor receives a measured charge value Qmes from the ground sensor 8.
• the processor calculates a load value to be raised QAL as a function of this measured load value Qmes and depending on the balancing load value Q eq associated with the counterweight referenced 3 in Figure 1.
• a mode bit value is read. If this value is equal to zero, that is to say that the processor operates in a normal mode, the processor calculates, according to the load value to be raised QAL, a speed value, with reference to a first mapping, kept in a memory of the processor 9.
• this mode bit value is 1, that is to say if the processor operates in a degraded mode, for example following the reception of an interrupt signal itself generated due to a cut of current, or other, the processor calculates around a step 34 'a speed value, always according to the load to be raised QAL with reference to a second mapping.
• this second map contains speed values such that, whatever the load to be lifted, the corresponding power is relatively constant but lower, for example 1 kW.
• step 34 it could be expected that during step 34 'it is sufficient to assign to the speed value to calculate a predetermined value, and relatively low, for example 0, 15 meters per second.
• step 34 it is possible during step 34 to compare the current load with a load threshold representing a percentage of the maximum load, in this case 50%. If the current load is less than 50% of the maximum load, then, regardless of the direction of movement of the car, the speed is chosen to be greater than the predetermined speed from the Renard R5 series, for example 1, 3 m / s while the speed from the Renard series is 1 m / s for this type of lift.
• a load threshold representing a percentage of the maximum load, in this case 50%.
• the imposed speed is higher than the predetermined speed associated with this type. of lift, which can make it possible to limit the waiting time and to increase the traffic, especially since the empty movements represent a not insignificant part of the cases of use of the elevator systems, of the order 50%.
• the speed to be imposed is calculated according to the direction of the displacement.
• the speed When climbing, the speed is chosen lower than the predetermined speed from the Renard series. Reducing the speed thus makes it possible to limit the power of the motor for this type of displacement, which is infrequent under the actual conditions of use, and ultimately to limit the overall cost of operation.
• the speed can be chosen equal to 0 , 7 m / s, or be calculated according to the load, so as to decrease linearly with it. In the latter case, one can for example achieve the predetermined speed from the series of Renard 1 m / s when the cabin is loaded at 75% of the maximum load.
• the speed is chosen higher than the speed resulting from the Renard series, for example 1, 3 m / s.
• This embodiment can increase traffic by nearly 30%.
• Each line corresponds to a type of building.
• the maximum load is 630 kg.
• the last three columns correspond to:
• the times indicated correspond to waiting times during transport in 5 minutes of 7.5% of the population of the building according to the calculation rules prescribed in FD 82-751, and the percentages correspond to the average filling of the cabin relative to the maximum load during this transport.
• Table 1 Time and fill rate to transport 7.5% of the population of a building, for several building configurations.
• the invention may thus make it possible to improve the traffic, which may make it possible to choose less powerful and less expensive elevator installations for a given type of building than in the prior art.
• the processor calculates a speed threshold value VTHR by multiplying this speed value by a predetermined coefficient k.
• This predetermined coefficient may for example be 1, 1 or other.
• the processor referenced 9 in FIG. 1 receives position values from the position sensor referenced 7, and calculates in real time actual speed values, as a function of these measured position values.
• Each speed value is compared to the current VTHR speed threshold value. If a speed value, or alternatively a number of consecutive measured velocity values, exceeds this velocity threshold value VTHR, then the processor of the controller 9 generates a parachute trigger signal and transmits this signal to a solenoid, which then activates a parachute not shown in Figure 1, which blocks the cabin referenced 2.
• FIG. 2 illustrates an alternative embodiment in which the cabin 2 is not part of the closed loop formed by the belt 4 and the counterweight 3, the cable 4 being wound around the pulleys 5, 6.
• an additional belt 4 ' is provided, this additional belt being wound around a third belt 5' also fixed at the top of the sheath, and the strands of the additional belt 4 'on either side. of the pulley 5 'are respectively fixed to the cabin 2 and the counterweight 3.
• This configuration can be interesting in that the suspension and motorization are separated.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Elevator Control (AREA)

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• 2013
  • 2013-11-15 FR FR1361203A patent/FR3013340B1/fr active Active
• 2014
  • 2014-09-30 WO PCT/FR2014/052477 patent/WO2015071555A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2014-09-30 RU RU2016118761A patent/RU2016118761A/ru unknown
  • 2014-09-30 CN CN201480061508.0A patent/CN105916790B/zh active Active
  • 2014-09-30 EP EP14796215.3A patent/EP3068717B1/de active Active

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