EP3061565B1 - Justiervorrichtung für eine Schleifmaschine - Google Patents

Justiervorrichtung für eine Schleifmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3061565B1
EP3061565B1 EP15156368.1A EP15156368A EP3061565B1 EP 3061565 B1 EP3061565 B1 EP 3061565B1 EP 15156368 A EP15156368 A EP 15156368A EP 3061565 B1 EP3061565 B1 EP 3061565B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
workpiece
offset
adjusting device
loading plate
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EP15156368.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3061565A1 (de
Inventor
Gabriella Kunz
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Officina Meccanica Domaso SpA
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Officina Meccanica Domaso SpA
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Priority to ES15156368T priority Critical patent/ES2853750T3/es
Priority to EP15156368.1A priority patent/EP3061565B1/de
Publication of EP3061565A1 publication Critical patent/EP3061565A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/10—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B7/16—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding end-faces, e.g. of gauges, rollers, nuts, piston rings
    • B24B7/167—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding end-faces, e.g. of gauges, rollers, nuts, piston rings end faces coil springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/12—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving optical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/10—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B7/16—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding end-faces, e.g. of gauges, rollers, nuts, piston rings
    • B24B7/17—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding end-faces, e.g. of gauges, rollers, nuts, piston rings for simultaneously grinding opposite and parallel end faces, e.g. double disc grinders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an adjusting device for a grinding machine according to claim 1, a grinding machine, in particular a spring end grinding machine, having such an adjusting device according to claim 17 and a method for adjusting a grinding machine according to claim 18.
  • Advantageous embodiments are described in the dependent claims.
  • Grinding machines are used in many manufacturing processes in industry, where surfaces of workpieces are machined. Usually, surfaces of predominantly metallic machine elements are to be produced with certain accuracy requirements. A good utilization of the grinding machine and short processing cycles are particularly important for machine elements that are manufactured in large numbers.
  • Grinding machines often include loading devices into which the workpieces to be ground are inserted or clamped in order to then be positioned with the loading device relative to a grinding wheel for grinding. Grinding machines can also be equipped with two loading devices, with two opposing loading plates being rotatably mounted on a turntable which can move the loading plates back and forth between a loading position and a grinding position by rotation. This construction principle is often used in spring end grinding machines in order to clamp the springs in a loading plate to grind the grinding wheels while the other loading plate can be loaded or unloaded at the same time.
  • Spring end grinding machines are used to grind the ends of helical springs wound or coiled from wire plane-parallel. When installed, the machined springs can be loaded axially on defined contact surfaces on the spring ends.
  • helical compression springs can be ground using the infeed process or the continuous process. In the delivery process, the loading plate is rotated between two coaxially parallel grinding disks, which are then delivered in the direction of the spring ends and grind them. In the continuous process, the loading plate rotates continuously or cyclically between two, typically slightly tilted, grinding wheels through, with the spring ends being ground.
  • Spring end grinding machines are often constructed in such a way that helical springs are loosely inserted into through-going receiving openings of a rotatably mounted loading plate, with one lower end slidably standing up on a loading table. By rotating the loading plate, the springs are transported between two opposing grinding wheels, each of which grinds the two ends of the spring flat at the same time. The lower end of the spring must slide over a narrow gap between the loading table and the lower grinding wheel from the loading area into the grinding area.
  • a height offset between the loading table and the grinding surface of the lower grinding wheel across the gap, in the form of a step up or down, can lead to problems when the springs move into the grinding area between the grinding wheels. On the one hand, it can lead to jamming or tilting and thus a malfunction in the operation of the grinding machine. On the other hand, an unnecessarily large safety distance between the spring ends and the grinding wheels when retracting leads to the fact that an optimal position of the grinding wheels for the grinding process is not available immediately after retraction, has to be set first and the grinding process is therefore less economical. In addition, the springs can be damaged or deformed, possibly even damage to the grinding wheels.
  • the adjustment of the height offset between the loading table table top and the lower grinding wheel is carried out by eye by an operator of the grinding machine with a ruler, a caliper or some other yardstick.
  • the present invention therefore has the object of providing an adjusting device for a grinding machine, a grinding machine and a method for adjusting a grinding machine with improved economy, reliability and safety at work.
  • a faster, less error-prone and safer transition of workpieces to be ground between the loading unit and the grinding unit should be achieved.
  • the object is achieved by an adjusting device for a grinding machine, in particular a spring end grinding machine, according to claim 1.
  • a workpiece end, in particular a spring end, of a workpiece received in the loading plate moves outside the grinding area immediately before entering the grinding area when the loading plate is rotated in a workpiece face plane.
  • the at least one loading plate can be mounted in a turntable which is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation that runs parallel to the axis of rotation of the loading plate. As a result, the loading plate could be moved from a loading position to a grinding position by rotating the turntable.
  • Several loading plates in particular three or four loading plates, but preferably two loading plates, can be provided, which can be arranged preferably evenly over the circumference of the turntable and more preferably at the same radial distance from the axis of rotation of the turntable.
  • a turntable could in principle be designed to be height-adjustable.
  • the loading plate can be designed to be exchangeable and / or height-adjustable, for example by a mounting on a loading plate shaft that is axially displaceable along its axis of rotation, preferably with a tongue and groove connection.
  • a double or multi-storey loading plate can be provided.
  • the loading plate can preferably be rotated in the shape of a circular cylinder and / or indefinitely, in particular in cycles or continuously rotatable about its axis of rotation, whereby it can be rotated, for example, by a servomotor via a loading plate shaft.
  • receiving of workpieces can be understood to mean the loose or fixed fixing of workpieces to be ground or ground on or in the loading plate, preferably in a receiving opening.
  • the receiving openings are designed as through bores in the axial direction of the loading plate in the loading plate, so that in particular cylindrical workpieces, preferably helical springs, can be loosely plugged into a receiving opening.
  • a receiving opening could also be formed in a holding or clamping device which could be attached to the loading plate for receiving a workpiece.
  • the multiplicity of receiving openings can be different from one another, in particular have different depths and / or diameters, or be designed identically.
  • a receiving opening could also be formed by a recess or a cavity in the loading plate in the surface of the loading plate.
  • the workpieces can have any shape and material, but the adjusting device according to the invention is particularly well suited for a grinding machine for grinding springs, preferably helical springs, more preferably helical compression springs, in particular for use in a spring end grinding machine.
  • Helical compression springs can be made of wound or wound wire, preferably of metallic materials.
  • Helical compression springs can for example be cylindrical, conical, or double conical and have different diameters and / or lengths.
  • the receiving openings are eccentric, that is to say outside the axis of rotation of the loading plate. Due to the eccentric arrangement, a receiving opening moves when the loading plate is rotated along a circular path around the axis of rotation of the loading plate. If the loading plate is rotatably mounted in a turntable, the axis of rotation of the loading plate moves when the turntable is rotated along a circular path around the axis of rotation of the turntable, whereby the movement of a receiving opening or a workpiece received therein results from the superimposition of the rotation of the turntable and the rotation of the loading plate. According to an even more general idea of the invention, the loading plate could also be mounted purely translationally, or rotationally and translationally, whereby workpieces received in the receiving openings can be moved at least partially along linear paths.
  • The, preferably circular cylindrical, at least one rotatably mounted grinding wheel can be set in rotation about its axis of rotation, for example via a driven grinding spindle.
  • the grinding wheel can be moved axially, for example via its grinding spindle, by an actuator, for example a servomotor.
  • parallelism can be assumed within the scope of the manufacturing tolerances.
  • the axis of rotation of the at least one grinding wheel can, however, also be designed to be tilted slightly relative to the axis of rotation of the loading plate, for example in order to adjust the grinding removal when the grinding machine is in operation in the continuous grinding process.
  • the at least one loading plate and the at least one grinding wheel are arranged with respect to one another in such a way that a radial overlap area of the loading plate with the grinding wheel is created, which delimits a grinding area.
  • the loading plate is arranged in the axial direction above the grinding wheel, preferably between two grinding wheels, as a result of which the position of the axes of rotation and the diameters of the preferably circular-cylindrical loading plate and grinding wheels result in an area in which the loading plate overlaps with the grinding wheels in the radial direction .
  • this radial overlap area, in particular between the grinding wheels workpieces received in the loading plate can come into sliding contact with grinding surfaces of the at least one grinding wheel.
  • the grinding area is in particular delimited distally by the two grinding wheels, in particular at the bottom by the grinding surface of the lower grinding wheel and at the top by the grinding surface of the upper grinding wheel.
  • a “workpiece front plane” can be understood to mean a plane in which a workpiece end, that is to say a point located at one end of a workpiece, moves.
  • a workpiece end that is to say a point located at one end of a workpiece
  • all points on the end face of the workpiece describe a circular path when the workpiece is firmly held in a receiving opening relative to the loading plate and the loading plate rotates, the circular paths defining the workpiece end plane.
  • each wire end in particular the outermost point in the axial direction of the screws, would define a workpiece end plane if the helical spring is received in a receiving opening in the loading plate and is moved along by its rotation.
  • Both a free end of the helical spring can be moved on a trajectory in a plane and thereby define a workpiece front plane, as well as an end of a helical spring resting against a plate section, for example, which is particularly moved along a sliding surface.
  • a workpiece accommodated in a loading plate which in particular protrudes with both workpiece ends over the face of the loading plate, describes two workpiece end planes which are in particular perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the loading plate, in particular an upper and a lower workpiece end plane.
  • a workpiece could be held in a fixed axial position in a receiving opening of the loading plate or loosely inserted into a receiving opening, so that the axial position is fixed, for example, by the contact of a workpiece end on a flat sliding surface that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the loading plate .
  • the workpiece front plane in which a workpiece end moves can change over time, for example if the axial position of the workpiece changes relative to the loading plate.
  • the workpiece face outside the grinding area can deviate from the workpiece face within the grinding area, in particular if the workpiece moves axially relative to the loading plate or the length of the workpiece changes, for example due to the grinding process.
  • a workpiece front plane outside the grinding area can be understood to mean the workpiece front plane which describes a workpiece end, in particular an unpolished workpiece, in particular an unpolished helical spring, immediately before it is moved into the grinding area by rotating the loading plate for grinding.
  • the offset detection unit can detect an offset between a workpiece front plane and a grinding surface by image recording, in particular a 3D image.
  • the offset between a grinding surface and a workpiece front plane can be understood as the distance between a plane defined by the grinding surface and a workpiece front plane in which a workpiece end of a workpiece held on the loading plate is outside the grinding area moves, exists.
  • the offset represents a height offset, in particular a height difference, between a grinding surface of the grinding wheel and a workpiece face outside the grinding area.
  • An offset can, for example, if the grinding surface of the lower grinding wheel is higher than the lower workpiece end of a workpiece, when the workpiece enters the grinding area by rotating the loading plate, this can lead to a collision with the grinding wheel.
  • the offset can also be zero if the grinding surface and the end of the workpiece lie in one plane, that is, in particular, lie at the same height.
  • an offset can also, for example if the grinding surface of the lower grinding level is lower than a workpiece end outside the grinding area, cause a workpiece to move in the axial direction towards the loading plate when entering the grinding area, in particular due to its own weight, in particular downwards slides until it rests on the sanding surface.
  • Both a detected, in particular measured, offset value and a desired, in particular adjustable, offset value can assume positive or negative values, or precisely the value zero.
  • coil springs made of very thin wire for example a thickness of 0.5 to 0.7 mm
  • the detection and / or setting of the offset is preferably carried out with an accuracy of 1/100 mm.
  • springs are continuously or intermittently inserted into the grinding area, so that the most precise possible leveling between the loading table and the grinding wheel may be necessary in order to ensure that the spring is inserted as smoothly and smoothly as possible when the grinding wheels are optimally set for the through-feed grinding process.
  • an unnecessarily large initial distance between the grinding wheels in order to enable trouble-free or gentle retraction of springs, can mean that the upper grinding wheel in particular has to be advanced unnecessarily far to the upper end of the spring before starting grinding, which reduces the efficiency of the The grinding process.
  • the height offset between a workpiece end outside the grinding area, for example a lower workpiece end resting on a table top, and a grinding surface depends, for example, on the arrangement or alignment of the table top and a grinding wheel with respect to one another, the wear on the table top surface, the abrasion of each of the two grinding wheels, the height the table top, the thickness of the grinding wheels, the axial position and the inclination or tilting of a grinding wheel, the thermal expansion of a grinding wheel, the uneven wear of a grinding wheel in the radial direction, the type of mounting of a workpiece in the loading plate and the workpiece length.
  • the adjustment device has the advantage that an offset is detected by the offset detection unit and a grinding wheel can be moved axially by the actuator, for example in order to monitor the detected offset or to set a desired offset.
  • the offset does not have to be detected by an operator of the grinding machine himself, for example by looking into the grinding area, whereby a safety risk for the operator, for example by touching rotating parts, flying sparks or grinding particles, can be avoided.
  • a grinding wheel can be adjusted in such a way that moving a workpiece into or out of the grinding area is optimized, in particular by avoiding collisions with grinding wheels, damage to the workpieces and an excessive safety clearance between the grinding wheels and the workpieces. This enables the workpieces to be moved quickly into the grinding area with the grinding wheels positioned optimally for the grinding process. This increases the profitability of the grinding process.
  • the plate section (33, 34) adjoins a grinding wheel (41, 42).
  • the plate section has a surface which forms a sliding surface on which a workpiece can slide by rotating the loading plate and / or a turntable.
  • the sliding surface defines a workpiece front plane or coincides with it.
  • the plate section can be spatially fixed or, in particular vertically, i.e. in the axial direction of the loading plate, can be designed to be displaceable, the loading plate and / or a turntable and the grinding wheel moving, in particular being able to rotate, relative to the plate section.
  • the plate section in particular has the function of forming a support surface for a workpiece end, wherein a workpiece end can be supported or pressed against the plate section from above or from below.
  • a plate section has the advantage that a workpiece can be loosely received in a receiving opening of the loading plate, it being fixed by the plate section in a fixed axial position relative to the loading plate. A workpiece can thereby be transported with one workpiece end sliding along the sliding surface towards the grinding area or away from the grinding area.
  • a workpiece end rests on the plate section, in particular from above, the plate section being designed in particular as a table top and a workpiece end plane being defined by the sliding surface.
  • the table top can, for example, be arranged concentrically in a ring around a turntable, flush with the turntable, in which the loading plate is rotatably mounted.
  • the table top can also, for example in the case of a grinding machine with only one loading plate, be designed as an annular plate which is arranged concentrically around the axis of rotation of the loading plate. With its upper side, the table top can form a sliding surface for the lower workpiece ends of the workpieces received in the loading plate.
  • the table top can be designed in several parts, with only part of the table top, in particular the section facing the grinding wheel, being understood as the plate section.
  • the workpieces can rest on the table top with their own weight or, in the case of helical springs, due to compression, can also be pressed onto the table top by the spring force.
  • the surface of the table top defines the lower workpiece front plane.
  • a workpiece end presses against the plate section of a preferably height-adjustable inlet device, in particular a beveled inlet plate, in particular from below, an upper workpiece front plane being defined by the sliding surface.
  • An inlet device can be provided in order to facilitate the entry of workpieces into the grinding area, in particular in the area of the upper end of the workpiece.
  • the inlet device can be designed to be adjustable in height relative to the upper grinding wheel.
  • the infeed device can be mounted on a height-adjustable front plate or on a grinding chamber shield, in particular height-adjustable, and provided on both sides of the grinding area, on the side of the incoming and outgoing workpieces.
  • An inlet plate preferably has a section which is beveled with respect to the, in particular horizontally running, plate section, via which section, in particular, a retracting helical spring can be continuously compressed.
  • the plate section can also be designed as a narrow lower edge of an inlet plate.
  • the upper workpiece front plane is defined by the sliding surface of the plate section.
  • there can also be an offset between a free end of a workpiece for example when the inlet device has moved further upwards, and the grinding surface of the upper grinding wheel.
  • the offset detection unit is alternatively or additionally suitable for detecting an offset between a workpiece front plane and the plate section of the inlet device, in particular a lower edge of an inlet plate.
  • a helical spring By means of an inlet device, especially adapted to the grinding area, a helical spring, for example, can already be compressed to a desired length before entering the grinding area, so that the spring presses against the inlet device or the plate section from below and along this into the Grinding area can slide. In this way, immediately after entering the grinding area, a desired grinding pressure can be applied to the spring ends through the grinding surfaces of the grinding wheels that have already been suitably fed.
  • the upper grinding wheel By detecting the offset between the upper workpiece front plane, in particular the sliding surface of the plate section of an inlet device and the grinding surface of the upper grinding wheel, the upper grinding wheel can be adjusted in such a way that a problem-free entry of a workpiece into the grinding area is guaranteed, even if the helical spring is already pre-compressed and an unnecessarily large safety distance between the upper grinding wheel and the upper end of the workpiece during retraction can be avoided. This enables more economical, in particular faster, grinding of the workpieces.
  • the plate section is adapted to the circumferential contour of the grinding wheel, in particular has a recess in the shape of a segment of a circle.
  • the plate section can in particular extend along part of the circumference of the grinding wheel, so that a circular arc-shaped gap is formed between the plate section and the grinding wheel, via which the sliding surface of the plate section can be offset from the grinding surface of the grinding wheel.
  • the plate section advantageously extends at least up to the edge of the loading plate, in particular the lower plate section over the entire width of the grinding area, so that Workpieces, which are received in an outer receiving opening of the loading plate, can be moved into the grinding area adjacent to the sliding surface over the gap or can be extended out of the grinding area over the gap to the sliding surface.
  • the offset detection unit is arranged outside, preferably laterally, of the grinding area.
  • the offset detection unit is protected against damage from flying sparks and contamination and impairment from grinding dust or grinding particles.
  • the offset detection unit or individual components thereof, for example sensors can be in front of, in particular on the side facing the loading plate, or behind it, in particular on the side facing away from the loading plate, of the grinding area or on the sides, in particular at about the level of the grinding wheels or the Be arranged sliding surfaces or workpiece front planes.
  • the offset detection unit is preferably arranged to the side of the grinding area, in particular outside the grinding wheels. The operation of the displacement detection unit is not impaired in this way and can detect an displacement reliably and precisely.
  • the offset detection unit comprises image detection devices which are arranged at the level of an upper offset and / or a lower offset in order to detect the respective offset separately from one another.
  • image detection devices which are arranged at the level of an upper offset and / or a lower offset in order to detect the respective offset separately from one another.
  • an image acquisition device for example a camera
  • sensors of the offset detection unit can each be provided to detect a lower offset value and several sensors to detect an upper offset value.
  • the offset detection unit comprises at least one distance sensor, preferably one distance sensor in each case, in order to detect a first distance to the grinding surface and a second distance to the workpiece front plane.
  • Distance sensors are arranged, for example, above or below the lower or upper grinding surface and workpiece front plane in such a way that they can measure a distance, preferably perpendicular, but possibly also obliquely, from a reference point.
  • Distance sensors are arranged, for example, behind the grinding area between the grinding wheels in order to determine a distance to the grinding surfaces and arranged to the side of the grinding area above the table top or below the inlet device in order to determine a distance from a sliding surface.
  • the offset can be calculated as the difference between a distance to a grinding surface and a distance to an associated workpiece front plane, for example by a computing unit, in particular a control or regulation unit, and have negative or positive values, or precisely the value zero.
  • a computing unit in particular a control or regulation unit
  • two separate distance sensors which are based, for example, on an inductive, capacitive, acoustic, for example as an ultrasonic sensor, or on an optical measuring principle, for the detection of an offset.
  • An optoelectronic distance sensor can work, for example, on the principle of triangulation, confocal technology or interferometry.
  • Distance sensors can include light sources, for example lasers or LEDs, which in particular emit infrared light or light of other suitable wavelengths, or can be designed without light sources, for example as digital cameras. It is conceivable that different types of distance sensors are combined with one another in the offset detection unit for detecting different distances.
  • the offset detection unit comprises at least one optoelectronic sensor which detects the shadowing of light and / or laser beams, particularly perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the loading plate, through a workpiece end, a plate section and / or a grinding wheel.
  • An optoelectronic sensor can be designed, for example, as a one-way light barrier, for example as an optical micrometer, a reflex light barrier or a reflex scanner.
  • Corresponding reflective elements can be found on the grinding wheel, the plate cuts or one of the light sources, for example a line laser, on the opposite side of the grinding area, for example on an inner wall of the housing.
  • an optoelectronic sensor can detect the position of an upper or lower edge of a workpiece, a plate section or the grinding wheel using the shadow image method, in that the workpiece, a plate section or the grinding wheel shadows part of a light band or light strip emitted from the side of the grinding area.
  • a lower edge of the plate section of an inlet device or the upper edge of a table top or a lower edge of the upper grinding wheel and an upper edge of the lower grinding wheel, in particular with an optoelectronic sensor each could be detected in this way.
  • an optoelectronic sensor for the joint detection of an edge of a panel section and the associated grinding wheel, for example by using a sufficiently large light strip cross section and a corresponding 2D detector field. It is also conceivable to combine different optoelectronic sensors in the offset detection unit, so that, for example, the distance from a reference point to a grinding surface through a light barrier and the distance from a reference point to a workpiece front plane with a sensor based on a different measuring principle, in particular a camera, is captured.
  • An optoelectronic sensor, in particular a light barrier has the advantage that it can be positioned in a protected manner to the side next to the grinding area and does not have to be attached in the limited space available within the grinding area.
  • the offset detection unit comprises at least one image detection device, in particular an electronic video camera, which detects a workpiece end outside the grinding area, a plate section and / or a grinding surface, in particular the transition zone between the plate section and the grinding wheel, preferably parts of the sliding surface and the grinding surface.
  • An image acquisition device could acquire image information and / or video image information about a workpiece, a plate section or a grinding wheel separately from one another or in a common image.
  • the offset detection unit can comprise a light stripe sensor, in particular a light section sensor, which detects a topology or a height profile that reproduces the offset between a workpiece front plane and a grinding surface.
  • the offset detection unit can comprise several cameras, in particular two cameras and a projector, in particular a line projector.
  • a projector in particular a line projector.
  • Two cameras have the advantage that a three-dimensional image can be captured using stereo vision.
  • a first image capturing device could, for example, be directed laterally onto the transition zone, in particular the gap between the table top or the inlet device and a grinding wheel, while a second image capturing unit could be directed toward the transition zone from the rear or the front.
  • the offset between a workpiece end outside the grinding area or a plate section and a grinding surface can be detected in a single image by means of an image acquisition device without determining two distances by separate sensors.
  • the captured image can be displayed to an operator of the grinding machine in order to carry out a control and / or manual, at least manually triggered, adjustment of the grinding wheel and / or the inlet device on the basis of the image.
  • the image capturing device is oriented at an angle of 0 to 20 °, preferably 0 to 10 °, to a plane which runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the loading plate.
  • a tilted arrangement of an image acquisition device opposite the workpiece end planes and the grinding surfaces, in particular the horizontal enables a better angle of view of the transition zone between the plate section and the grinding wheel or a workpiece end outside the grinding zone and the grinding surface.
  • the offset detection unit comprises an image processing device which determines the offset between a workpiece front plane and a grinding surface from image information recorded by the image detection device, in particular based on calibration data.
  • image processing device determines the offset between a workpiece front plane and a grinding surface from image information recorded by the image detection device, in particular based on calibration data.
  • three-dimensional coordinates, in particular 3D point clouds can be calculated from the captured image information, in particular a range map, from which the offset between a workpiece end and a grinding surface or a sliding surface and a grinding surface can be determined using suitable calculation methods .
  • Calibration data include, for example, reference coordinates of image points and / or geometric reference data between two cameras.
  • an image processing device which for example is a computing unit, in particular a CPU, on which suitable calculation methods can be carried out, the offset can be reliably and robustly detected from outside the grinding area, where in particular sufficient installation space is available for the offset detection unit inside the housing of the grinding machine.
  • an offset value that can be detected by the offset detection unit is between 0 and +/- 5 mm, preferably between 0 and +/- 1 mm, and can in particular be detected with an accuracy of 1/100 mm.
  • an upper offset value between the upper workpiece front plane and the grinding surface of the upper grinding wheel and / or a lower offset value between the lower workpiece front plane and the grinding surface of the lower grinding wheel, in particular of the size of a few tenths of a millimeter can be detected by the offset detection unit, the spatial resolution of the Displacement detection unit is preferably in the range of one hundredth of a millimeter.
  • An upper and / or lower offset value in particular represents a difference and can assume negative or positive values, or precisely zero.
  • a memory device which stores data structures for a grinding process in a readable manner, which, for example, contains captured image data and / or determined offset values and / or associated grinding process data, such as workpiece data, in particular the spring length or spring diameter, grinding wheel data, in particular the grinding wheel thickness, contain a grinding wheel abrasion measure or the grinding wheel operating time or loading plate data.
  • Offset values can be, for example, the amount of offset between a grinding surface of the lower grinding wheel and the table top, between a grinding surface of the upper grinding wheel and the sliding surface of the infeed device or between a grinding surface and the upper or lower workpiece face.
  • the data structure can also contain the distance between the two workpiece front planes and between the two grinding surfaces and / or coordinates of components of the adjustment device or workpieces.
  • Workpiece data include in particular the type of spring, the spring length, the spring weight or the spring material.
  • Grinding wheel data can include the grinding wheel material, the grinding wheel thickness or a determined grinding wheel abrasion level, as well as the accumulated grinding wheel operating time, a grinding wheel expansion level or a critical grinding wheel thickness.
  • Grinding process data can also contain target specifications for the grinding process, such as a specified spring removal or a Include target spring length. Grinding process data can also contain a grinding spindle angle for a continuous process.
  • Loading plate data can contain, for example, the number of receiving openings, the workpieces contained or the workpieces to be ground simultaneously in the delivery process.
  • a memory device for storing corresponding data structures has the advantage that for a later grinding process, previously recorded data, in particular an identical or similar grinding process, can be taken into account, in particular displayed or used to control the adjustment device.
  • a display device which visualizes the captured image information and / or the at least one determined offset and / or information contained in stored data structures.
  • a display device can for example be a screen of a computer or a display, in particular an LCD display, of a grinding machine control or regulation device.
  • the information contained in the data structures can be visualized as, preferably computer-assisted graphically processed, 3D models of the geometric relationships within the transition zone, in particular as a 3D visualization of a currently existing offset, with a display device, in particular for an operator.
  • an offset is very easy and safe for an operator, especially without having to look into the transition zone in the grinding chamber, controllable and adjustable. This increases work safety and the speed of the grinding process.
  • a control unit which, based on a detected offset value for setting a predetermined offset value, controls the actuator of at least one grinding wheel, in particular by the offset value between 0 and +/- 5 mm, preferably between 0 and +/- 1 mm , in particular to be set to an accuracy of 1/100 mm.
  • the control unit can also, alternatively or additionally, control at least one actuator for the inlet device.
  • the control unit is in particular via a bus system, in particular a real-time capable bus system for data transmission and communication, with the memory device, the display device, the actuators for the lower and upper grinding wheel, the actuator for the inlet device, the offset detection unit and a computing unit, for example a CPU, connected in particular for controlling the actuators, for controlling the adjusting device. Further sensors, units or actuators that do not belong to the adjustment device itself can be connected the bus system must be connected.
  • the control unit can also be designed to take into account further information that is not detected by the offset detection unit when controlling the adjustment device and, in particular, to be integrated into a control unit of the grinding machine.
  • a control unit has the advantage that the grinding machine, in particular the grinding wheels, can be adjusted automatically and precisely.
  • an operator can specify a desired offset value, for example an upper offset value and / or a lower offset value, for the control unit.
  • a desired offset value for example an upper offset value and / or a lower offset value, for the control unit.
  • Such an offset value to be set can in particular be read out from a data structure that is stored in the memory device for a specific type of spring to be ground and / or calculated taking into account grinding wheel data and / or grinding process data and / or loading plate data, in particular optimized based on stored models, will.
  • an offset value can be desired which is positive or negative not equal to zero or exactly or approximately zero and is to be set automatically.
  • a helical spring for a specific grinding process, it might be desirable for a helical spring to drop from the sliding surface of the table top onto a downwardly offset grinding surface of the lower grinding wheel when it enters the grinding area, for example in order to ensure particularly reliable entry into the grinding area.
  • the stated object is also achieved in particular by a grinding machine, in particular a spring end grinding machine, with an adjusting device according to the invention.
  • a grinding machine is particularly less prone to errors, because the entry and / or exit of workpieces into or out of the grinding area by suitable adjustment of the grinding wheels and / or the inlet device through a desired setting of the offset between a workpiece end and a grinding surface, a table top and the lower grinding wheel and / or the run-in device and an upper grinding wheel reliably, in particular automatically. This avoids malfunctions and enables the grinding machine to be operated particularly economically.
  • the running-in process of workpieces can take place more quickly thanks to an improved adjustment and the grinding wheels can be brought into an optimal starting position for the grinding process, in particular advanced, at an early stage, in particular even before the workpieces are run in.
  • work safety for an operator is increased because it is not necessary to open the work space to inspect the offset.
  • At least one actuator of an inlet device can also be controlled.
  • the adjustment is regulated by a control unit, so that the desired offset values can be set automatically and reliably and precisely.
  • the actuators can also be controlled manually by an operator.
  • the adjustment process can be carried out for a grinding process using the continuous process or the feed process.
  • the adjustment process can be carried out after the loading plate has been fitted with a different type of spring, so that, for example, the spring length, the spring diameter or the material of the spring has changed and other offset values are desired.
  • the method can also be used after changing the grinding wheels, for example because a maximum amount of abrasion has been exceeded, after changing the loading plate, for example in order to be able to load a different workpiece or spring geometry, or due to wear of the sliding surfaces, in particular the inlet device or the table top , be performed.
  • the adjustment method takes into account, in particular, thermal expansion of the grinding wheels, in particular during grinding operation, irregular wear, for example in the radial direction, of the grinding surfaces or inclination, in particular of a grinding surface, for example in the continuous grinding process, as well as changed thicknesses of exchanged loading plates or grinding wheels.
  • FIGS 1a to 1c show a first embodiment of an adjusting device 2 according to the invention, which is shown in FIG Figure 1a in a side view, in Figure 1b in a partial top view and in Figure 1c is shown in an enlarged view.
  • a turntable 39 with a circular cylindrical basic shape is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation A.
  • the storage (not shown in more detail) can be implemented in a housing or a foundation of a grinding machine 1.
  • the turntable 39 is axially fixed, but could also be designed to be adjustable in height.
  • two circular-cylindrical loading plates 31 are mounted eccentrically to the axis of rotation A.
  • the loading plates 31 are each mounted on a loading plate shaft (not shown in detail) so that they can rotate about an axis of rotation B. It is conceivable to equip the loading unit 3 with more than two, for example three or four, loading plates 31 around the axis of rotation A.
  • the grinding machine 1 with the adjusting device 2, the loading unit 3 and the grinding unit 4 is constructed essentially symmetrically to a center plane M. An embodiment of the grinding machine 1 without a turntable 39 and with a loading unit 3 with only a single loading plate 31 rotatably mounted in the grinding machine 1 is also provided.
  • the grinding unit is at least partially arranged in a housing 20.
  • the turntable 39 and the loading plate 31 are arranged horizontally here so that the axes of rotation A and B point in the direction of gravity.
  • the loading plate 31 can rotate continuously about its axis of rotation B or cyclically, i.e. be rotated further by a certain amount of circumference by a certain piece within a certain time interval, for example by means of servomotors (not shown) which are preferably mounted below the turntable 39 so as to rotate.
  • the described arrangement of the turntable 39 and the loading plate 31 makes it possible to move a loading plate 31 from a loading position L into a grinding position S by rotating the turntable 39.
  • a loading plate 31 is shown in the loading position L on the left-hand side and a loading plate 31 in the grinding position S is shown on the right-hand side.
  • the direction of rotation D of the turntable 39 and the direction of rotation E of the loading plate 31 are indicated by arrows.
  • the loading plate 31 has a plurality of receiving openings 32 distributed eccentrically to the axis of rotation A over the circumference of the loading plate, which are designed as through bores of the same diameter at different radial positions of the loading plate 31, in particular as spring bores.
  • the loading plate 31 can be equipped or loaded with workpieces 6, in particular helical springs, which are shown as cylindrical workpieces 6 and in the receiving openings 32 can be inserted or plugged in.
  • the receiving openings 32 could also have different diameters for workpieces 6 of different diameters, in particular for different spring types.
  • workpieces 6 could also be held, for example frictionally, in a receiving opening 32 in a fixed axial position relative to the loading plate 31.
  • the workpieces 6 are loosely received in the receiving openings and are freely movable in the axial direction of the receiving openings 32.
  • the grinding unit 4 has two grinding wheels 41, 42, namely a lower grinding wheel 41 for grinding the lower workpiece end 63 and an upper grinding wheel 42 for grinding the upper workpiece end 64.
  • the upper grinding wheel 42 is not shown in FIG. 1b.
  • one grinding wheel 41, 42 is rotatably mounted on a grinding spindle 45, 46 about the axis of rotation C and is driven, for example, by a servomotor (not shown) and can be moved axially, i.e. along the axis of rotation C, via an actuator 43, 44.
  • the axes of rotation C of the grinding wheels 41, 42 are aligned and run essentially parallel to the axes of rotation B of the loading plates 31.
  • Both grinding wheels 41, 42 can be adjusted separately from one another by means of a respective associated actuator 43, 44.
  • the radial position of the axis of rotation B on the turntable 39 and the mounting of the grinding unit 4, for example in the housing 20, as well as the diameter of the loading plate 31, the grinding wheels 41, 42 are selected so that a loading plate 31 is in a grinding position S with the grinding wheels 41, 42 overlap radially.
  • the radial overlap area delimits a grinding area 7, which in Figure 1c is indicated by a dashed rectangle.
  • the grinding area 7 extends between the grinding surface 421 of the upper grinding wheel 42 and the grinding surface 411 of the lower grinding wheel 41 and is laterally limited by the radial overlap area. In the grinding area 7, the workpieces 6, more precisely their frontal workpiece ends 63, 64, can be brought into sliding contact with the grinding wheels 41, 42.
  • the axes of rotation C of the grinding wheels 41, 42 can be tilted or tilted to one another or to the axis of rotation B of the loading plate 31, i.e. not run exactly parallel, in particular around the removal of the workpiece ends 63, 64 when the loading plate 31 passes through, i.e. Continuous process to discontinue.
  • this can be done in the grinding process to the Workpieces 6 to be removed dimension are set.
  • the workpieces 6 are preferably cylindrical or conical helical compression springs which are loosely inserted into receiving openings 32, which have the shape of through bores, and can be ground plane-parallel by both grinding wheels 41, 42 at their upper and lower spring ends at the same time will.
  • the grinding pressure between grinding wheel 41, 42 and workpiece 6 is set by means of an infeed of grinding wheels 41, 2 through the compression of the springs.
  • one of the workpieces 6 (on the right side) is shown schematically as an example as a helical spring.
  • the turntable 39 is surrounded by an annular table top 37 which has a circular cutout the size of the diameter of the turntable 39.
  • the upper side of the table top 37 forms a lower sliding surface 35 for the lower workpiece ends 63 of the workpieces 6 and is flush with the surface of the turntable 39.
  • the table top 37 represents a lower plate section 33 on which workpieces 6, in particular under their own weight, rest with their lower workpiece front side 63 on the lower sliding surface 35. The workpieces 6 can slide on the table top along circular paths while the loading plate 31 rotates.
  • the table top 37 or the lower plate section 33 on the side of the grinding position S has a recess 331 that matches the circumferential contour 412 of the lower grinding wheel 41, in particular its diameter is.
  • the inlet device 38 is arranged above the loading plate 31 in order to make it easier for a workpiece 6, in particular the upper workpiece ends 64, to run into the grinding area 7.
  • the inlet device 38 is adjustable in height relative to the upper grinding wheel 42 in the direction of the axis of rotation B of the loading plate 31.
  • the front plate 21 is attached to the housing 20 in guide elements 25 so that it can be moved vertically, in particular adjustably.
  • the grinding chamber shield 24 can be moved vertically via a rod 23 via an actuator 22 connected to the front plate 21.
  • any height adjustment devices for the inlet device 38 are conceivable.
  • the grinding chamber shield 24 serves primarily to protect an area outside the grinding area 7 from flying sparks, grinding dust and grinding particles as well as cooling liquid.
  • the inlet device 38 is attached to the upper plate section 34 on the underside of the grinding chamber shield 24.
  • the plate portion 34 is tapered as a Run-in plate, which forms the upper sliding surface 36 with the, preferably flat, underside, against which an upper workpiece end 64 rests during retraction, in particular presses from below when the run-in device 38 has moved sufficiently far in the direction of the loading plate 31.
  • An inlet device 38 is provided on both sides of the grinding zone 7, namely a first on the side of the incoming workpieces 6 and a second on the side of the outgoing workpieces 6. If the inlet device 38 is positioned at a correspondingly lower position, a direction of the grinding area 7 rotating workpiece 6, in particular a helical spring, compressed or upset.
  • the inlet device 38 also prevents, for example, a vertical oscillation of elastic workpieces 6, possibly caused by vibrations of the grinding machine 1, and defines their axial position during retraction.
  • the shape of the upper plate sections 34 is adapted to the circumferential contour 422 of the upper grinding wheel 42, in particular curved in the shape of a circular arc on their side facing the grinding wheel 42.
  • the lower plate section 33 and the upper plate section 34 are each adapted to the circumference of the lower grinding wheel 41 and the upper grinding wheel 42 and are separated from the respective grinding wheels 41, 42 by the narrow gap 14 caused by the relative movement between the plate sections 33, 34 and grinding wheels 41, 42. 42 separated.
  • the area between a plate section 33, 34 and a grinding wheel 41, 42 represents a transition zone 8 for a workpiece 6 from an area outside the grinding area 7 to the grinding area 7 or vice versa.
  • the transition zone 8 is here as a circular arc-shaped belt or shell segment conceivable, which extends along the gap 14.
  • workpiece end planes 61, 62 are drawn in, which run perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and perpendicular to the axis of rotation B, that is to say in particular horizontally.
  • the upper workpiece end plane 62 is defined by the plane of movement in which an upper workpiece end 64 moves when it is moved outside of the grinding area 7 by rotating it in a fixed axial position in the loading plate 31.
  • the lower workpiece end plane 61 is correspondingly defined with respect to the lower workpiece end 63.
  • the distance between the two workpiece end planes 61, 62 thus describes the length of a workpiece 6, in the case of a compressed helical spring a shortened spring length, while the workpiece 6 is outside the grinding area 7 between the upper plate section 34 of the inlet device 38 and the lower plate section 33 of the table top 37 is located shortly before entering or after exiting the grinding area 7.
  • a workpiece 6 moving into or out of the grinding area 7 must consequently overcome a step down or up when it passes the transition zone 8 around the gap 14 by rotating the loading plate 31.
  • a lower offset value V1 exists between the lower workpiece front plane 61 and the lower grinding surface 411, while an upper offset value V2 exists between the upper workpiece front plane 62 and the upper grinding surface 421.
  • the offset values V1 and V2 describe distance values, in particular a height offset, between two planes.
  • the offset values V1 and V2 are indicated by dimension arrows.
  • the offset value V1, V2 depends on the one hand on the axial positioning of the grinding wheels by the actuating drives 43, 44 and the axial position of the inlet device 38 by the actuating drive 22.
  • the offset detection unit 5 is suitable for detecting the lower offset between the lower workpiece front plane 61 and the grinding surface 411 of the lower grinding wheel 41 and / or the upper offset between the upper workpiece front plane 62 and the grinding surface 421 of the upper grinding wheel 42.
  • the offset detection unit 5 comprises four image detection devices 55a, 55b, 56a, 56b, which are designed as digital cameras, in particular with a CMOS or a CCD image sensor.
  • the image acquisition devices 55a, 55b, 56a, 56b are aligned with their optics on the transition zone 8, with first image capturing devices 55a, 55b and second image capturing devices 56a, 56b in particular capturing the same image section in order to create a 3D image of at least part of the image by superimposing two captured images, in particular using stereo vision To be able to generate transition zone 8 and thus an offset.
  • the first and second image acquisition devices 55a and 56a are aligned with the lower region of the transition zone 8 in order to acquire a lower offset value V1.
  • First and second image acquisition devices 55b and 56b are aligned with the upper area of the transition zone 8 in order to acquire an upper offset value V2.
  • the offset detection unit 5 could alternatively or additionally comprise a light stripe sensor, in particular a light section sensor, for example with an image capturing device, wherein several cameras, in particular two cameras and a projector, in particular a line projector, can be provided.
  • the image acquisition devices 55a, 55b, 56a, 56b are aligned obliquely to the horizontal at an angle W which is between 0 ° and 20 °, preferably between 0 ° and 10 °, in particular at a better viewing angle of the offset or to have the transition zone 8.
  • the detectable offset values V1 and V2 are between 0 and +/- 5 mm, preferably between 0 and +/- 1 mm; we can in particular detect and set them with an accuracy of 1/100 mm.
  • the grinding area 7 is indicated by a dashed rectangle.
  • An image processing device 57 serves to process the image information, in particular range maps, captured by the image capture devices 55a, 55b, 56a, 56b with the aid of calibration data, in particular to convert it into 3D point clouds, possibly in a separate computing unit 12.
  • a lower and an upper offset value V1 or V2 can be determined as the distances between two planes from point coordinates. It is conceivable to determine an offset value not only at a single point, but rather to determine an offset value, in particular an integral, averaged over a certain line segment or a surface element, in particular by the image processing device 57.
  • a grinding surface 411, 421 and a slip plane 35, 36 might not be accurate due to manufacturing or alignment deviations be parallel or only parallel within certain tolerances, or be deliberately slightly tilted relative to one another for a specific grinding process, so that an offset cannot be described by a punctual distance value and cannot be adjusted based on this.
  • Fig. 2 shows a plan view of an adjusting device 2 with two inlet devices 38, which are arranged on both sides of the grinding area 7.
  • Image capturing devices 55a, 55b, 56a, 56b are also provided on both sides, whereby an offset when moving unpolished workpieces 6 into the grinding area 7 and when moving ground workpieces 6 out of the grinding area 7 can be detected and thus adjusted.
  • the image acquisition devices are connected to an image processing device 57 for data transmission, for example by a bus system 13.
  • provision can be made to set the upper offset value V2 differently on both sides, for example in that both inlet devices 38 are height-adjustable separately from one another.
  • Two-sided inlet and outlet devices 38 allow a free choice of the directions of rotation D and E of the turntable 39 or the loading plate 31.
  • An inlet device 38 on the extension side can be provided to avoid a heavy load on the edge of the grinding wheel 42, especially when extending a ground and compressed helical compression spring.
  • Figures 3a and 3b show an embodiment with an offset detection unit 5, which comprises optoelectronic sensors 53a, 53b, 54a, 54b, in each case first optoelectronic sensors 53a, 53b the distance of an edge of the grinding wheel 41, 42 to a reference point and second optoelectronic sensors 54a, 54b the distance of a Detect the edge of a plate section 33, 34 to a reference point. From the difference between two distances, a first and a second offset value V1, V2 can be calculated, which can be negative or positive, or exactly zero.
  • the optoelectronic sensors 53a, 53b, 54a, 54b are designed in particular as light barriers, for example as one-way light barriers or reflex light barriers, for example as an optical micrometer, which create a light strip or a light band parallel to the first or second workpiece face 61, 62 or grinding surfaces 411, 421 and detect the position of a body edge through the partial shadowing of the light beams by the grinding wheels 41, 42 or plate sections 33, 34.
  • Corresponding reflection elements can be on the grinding wheel 41, 42, the plate cuts 33, 34 or on one of the light source, for example a line laser, opposite side of the grinding area 7, for example on an inner wall of the housing 20, to be appropriate.
  • a single optoelectronic sensor in order to simultaneously detect an upper and lower body edge, for example the vertical position of the upper and lower grinding surfaces 411, 421 or the upper and lower sliding surfaces 35, 36. It is also conceivable to use a single optoelectronic sensor 58 for detecting an offset, in particular in that an emitted light strip with a sufficiently large two-dimensional cross-section illuminates the transition zone 8 in such a way that both a shadowing by a grinding wheel 41, 42 and by a plate section 33, 34 can be detected by this sensor.
  • the optoelectronic sensor 58 shown can be provided as an alternative or in addition to individual first and second optoelectronic sensors 53a, 54a and in particular at an angle to the side of the grinding area 7, preferably as frontal as possible on the side edges of the grinding wheel 41 and the table top 37 and / or the grinding wheel 42 and the run-in plate the inlet device 38 be directed.
  • Figures 4a and 4b show an embodiment with distance sensors 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b, which can each be designed, for example, as inductive, capacitive, acoustic or optical distance sensors.
  • First distance sensors 51a, 51b are arranged above and below the lower grinding wheel 41 and the upper grinding wheel 42, respectively, in order to measure a distance from the lower grinding surface 411 and the upper grinding surface 421, respectively.
  • Second distance sensors 52a, 52b are arranged above and below the lower plate section 33 and the upper plate section 34, respectively, in order to measure a distance from the lower sliding surface 35 and upper sliding surface 36, respectively.
  • the distance sensors 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b can also be aligned obliquely to the surfaces, in particular laterally next to the grinding wheels 41, 42 or plate sections 33, 34 to which they determine the distance, in particular so as not to work with workpieces 6 or movable Components of the adjustment device 2 to collide.
  • the distance sensors 51a, 51b are arranged behind the grinding area 7 between the grinding wheels 41, 42 in order to determine a distance from the grinding surfaces 411, 421.
  • the distance sensors 52a, 52b are arranged to the side of the grinding area 7 above the table top 37 or below the inlet device 38 in order to determine a distance from a lower sliding surface 35 or upper sliding surface 36.
  • the upper offset value V1 and the lower offset value V2 can be determined from two recorded distances, for example by a control unit or a regulating unit 11.
  • a distance sensor 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b can for example be an ultrasonic sensor or an optoelectronic distance sensor which works, for example, according to the principle of triangulation, confocal technology or interferometry.
  • Distance sensors 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b can be equipped with light sources, for example with lasers or LEDs, which in particular emit infrared light or light of other suitable wavelengths, or can be designed without light sources, for example as digital cameras.
  • Distance sensors 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b can use laser triangulation via a location-dependent photodiode (PSD), a camera or a CCD line to detect the distance to a grinding surface 411, 421 or a sliding surface 35, 36, with a blue laser diode being used in particular The best possible reflection on a porous grinding wheel 41, 42 could be used.
  • PSD location-dependent photodiode
  • a camera or a CCD line to detect the distance to a grinding surface 411, 421 or a sliding surface 35, 36, with a blue laser diode being used in particular The best possible reflection on a porous grinding wheel 41, 42 could be used.
  • phase position measurement by frequency-dependent phase modulation comes into consideration. It is conceivable to combine different types of distance sensors 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b in the offset detection unit 5 to detect different distances.
  • Embodiments are also conceivable in which the distance sensors 55a, 55b, 56a, 56b used in connection with the Figures 3a and 3b described optoelectronic sensors in the form of light barriers or in connection with the Figures 1a to 1c image acquisition devices 55, 56 described are combined as distance sensors.
  • Fig. 5 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the adjustment device 2 according to the invention with image acquisition devices 55a, 55b, 56a, 56b and an image processing device 57, with optoelectronic sensors 53a, 53b, 54a, 54b, 58 and / or distance sensors 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b instead or in addition could be included in the offset detection unit 5.
  • the offset detection unit 5 Via a bus system 13, which enables data transmission and the transmission of control signals between the connected components, the offset detection unit 5 with a storage device 9, a display device 10, a control unit 11 and a computing unit 12 as well as with the actuator 22 for an inlet device 38 and the Actuators 43, 44 for the lower and the upper grinding wheel 41, 42 are connected.
  • the adjusting device 2 can be regulated via a control unit 11, with the adjusting device 2 also being possible to control, for example manually by an operator of the grinding machine 1.
  • the memory unit 9 is designed in particular as a data memory that can read out data structures for a grinding process saves. Data structures can contain, for example, captured image data and / or determined offset values and / or associated grinding process data, such as workpiece data, in particular the spring length or the spring diameter, grinding wheel data, in particular the grinding wheel thickness, a grinding wheel abrasion or the grinding wheel operating time or loading plate data.
  • Offset values can be, for example, the offset amount V1 between a grinding surface of the lower grinding wheel and the table top, the offset amount V2 between a grinding surface of the upper grinding wheel and the sliding surface of the run-in device, or offset amounts between a grinding surface and the upper or lower workpiece face.
  • the data structure can also contain the distance between the two workpiece end planes 61, 62 and between the two grinding surfaces 411, 421 and / or coordinates of components of the adjustment device 2 or workpieces 6.
  • Workpiece data include in particular the type of spring, the spring length, the spring weight or the spring material.
  • Grinding wheel data can include the grinding wheel material, the grinding wheel thickness or a determined grinding wheel abrasion level, as well as the accumulated grinding wheel operating time, a grinding wheel expansion level or a critical grinding wheel thickness. Grinding process data can also include target specifications for the grinding process, such as, for example, a predetermined spring removal or a target spring length. Grinding process data can also contain a grinding spindle angle for a continuous process. Loading plate data can contain, for example, the number of receiving openings 32, the workpieces 6 contained or the workpieces 6 to be ground simultaneously in the delivery method. These data could be transmitted to a control unit or the regulating unit 11, for example via a bus system 13, and taken into account in the control or regulation of the adjusting device 2.
  • Figure 6 shows a flow chart of an embodiment of a method according to the invention, in particular for adjusting the grinding machine 1, preferably with an adjusting device 2 according to the invention Figures 1a to 1c .
  • an offset is detected 1001, in particular a first offset value V1 and / or a second offset value V2.
  • Activation 1002 can also include activation of an actuator 22 of an inlet device 38. The method can be carried out automatically by a control unit 11 or, in particular manually, by an operator.
  • Positive, negative, or offset values V1, V2 of exactly or approximately zero can be detected by the offset detection unit 5 with an accuracy of 1/100 mm and can preferably be set with this accuracy via actuators 22, 43, 44.
  • the method can be carried out to readjust a grinding machine 1, for example after retrofitting, loading workpieces 6 or during grinding operation.
  • the method is carried out repeatedly in succession, in particular at fixed or variable time intervals, in order to retract and / or extend of workpieces 6 in or out of a grinding area 7, in particular to be carried out as quickly, safely and economically as possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
EP15156368.1A 2015-02-24 2015-02-24 Justiervorrichtung für eine Schleifmaschine Active EP3061565B1 (de)

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CN109500708B (zh) * 2017-09-12 2023-12-29 蓝思科技（长沙）有限公司 一种板材减薄装置
DE102018202059A1 (de) * 2018-02-09 2019-08-14 Siltronic Ag Verfahren zum Polieren einer Halbleiterscheibe
CN109434680A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2019-03-08 江西普维智能科技有限公司 一种斜磨机用2.5d玻璃上下料设备
CN110788683A (zh) * 2019-09-29 2020-02-14 福建永动力弹簧科技有限公司 用于金属弹簧生产的端面加工装置及其使用方法
CN111113265B (zh) * 2019-12-12 2021-07-06 湖南工程学院 一种电主轴-刀具系统偏心距识别方法
JP7055582B2 (ja) * 2020-09-29 2022-04-18 旭精機工業株式会社 研削装置
CN114454042B (zh) * 2022-03-19 2022-11-18 北京博鲁斯潘精密机床有限公司 一种航空发动机叶榫叶片磨削机床的砂轮自动修整机构

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