EP3060358B2 - Aluminum hot strip rolling train and method for hot rolling an aluminum hot strip - Google Patents

Aluminum hot strip rolling train and method for hot rolling an aluminum hot strip Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3060358B2
EP3060358B2 EP14766186.2A EP14766186A EP3060358B2 EP 3060358 B2 EP3060358 B2 EP 3060358B2 EP 14766186 A EP14766186 A EP 14766186A EP 3060358 B2 EP3060358 B2 EP 3060358B2
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Prior art keywords
strip
rolling
hot
aluminium
cooling
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3060358B1 (en
EP3060358A1 (en
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Michael Breuer
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SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Group GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B21B2001/225—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length by hot-rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
    • B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B15/0007—Cutting or shearing the product
    • B21B2015/0021—Cutting or shearing the product in the rolling direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B2015/0057—Coiling the rolled product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
    • B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aluminum hot strip rolling mill comprising a multi-stand tandem finishing mill with at least one coiler downstream in the rolling direction and at least one associated cooling section. Furthermore, the invention is directed to a method for hot rolling an aluminum hot strip made of an AlMgSi alloy of the AA6xxx group in an aluminum hot strip rolling mill and a method for hot rolling an aluminum hot strip made of an AlMg alloy of the AA5xxx group in an aluminum hot strip rolling mill. Finally, the invention is directed to the use of an aluminum hot strip produced according to one of the methods.
  • the tandem rolling mills used today for hot rolling of aluminum alloys are universal rolling mills on which all rollable qualities of aluminum alloys of the groups AA1xxx, AA2xxx, AA3xxx, AA5xxx, AA6xxx, AA7xxx, and AA8xxx (aluminum alloys according to DIN EN 573-3 and DIN EN 573-4) can be rolled and produced with the desired final dimensions.
  • These aluminum tandem hot rolling mills are designed to be compact with a stand distance of between 4 m and 6 m. With larger stand distances, the risk increases that the strip will no longer run into the next stand centrally due to sideways drift. With smaller distances, the equipment required for rolling, such as tension measuring rolls and transfer tables, are no longer accessible, e.g.
  • these compact tandem rolling mills can be used to process all grades of aluminium, including those where achieving a coiling temperature of over 300°C requires very high rolling speeds and/or greater final thicknesses due to their low forming strength and thus low absorption of forming heat.
  • the final rolling temperature is set by regulating the rolling speed.
  • the coiling temperature corresponds to the final rolling temperature reduced by the cooling of a few Kelvin between the last stand and the coiling device caused by free convection. It is not possible to specifically influence the temperature-time path in the tandem rolling mill and/or to independently set the final rolling and coiling temperatures.
  • An aluminium hot strip rolling mill is also available from DE 20 2011 050 449 U1
  • This document discloses an aluminum hot strip rolling mill with a two-part tandem finishing mill, with a cooling section being formed between the two parts of the tandem finishing mill.
  • This cooling section is more effective than a cooling section arranged in the entry area of a tandem finishing mill, since the aluminum hot strip thickness is lower after passing through part of the tandem stands and a lower hot strip temperature may have been established when this cooling section is reached compared to the entry temperature.
  • this system makes it possible to carry out greater thickness reductions in the first tandem finishing stands than in rolling mills with a cooling section in the entry area, since the temperature increase that occurs during the greater deformation can be cooled down again by the cooling section before entering the second part of the tandem finishing mill.
  • the disadvantage of this plant configuration is that the large distance between the stands requires more installation space and the production process becomes unstable due to the risk of the strip running sideways during threading and unthreading. Furthermore, for qualities where no cooling is required, such as soft A1xxx or A3xxx qualities, the process control is very limited in terms of temperature control. Especially for the qualities mentioned, it is advantageous to achieve a coiling temperature above 300°C in order to achieve recrystallization processes in the coil and thus reduce the power and labor required in the subsequent cold rolling process. The large distance between the two tandem finishing mill sections leads to an unwanted, uncontrollable temperature reduction.
  • a generic aluminum hot strip rolling mill is from the DE10349950 A1
  • tandem finishing mill known from the state of the art
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a solution which makes it possible to set cooling curves and temperature-time paths in the rolled stock in an improved manner during aluminum hot strip rolling in a tandem finishing mill.
  • a solution is also to be created that makes it possible to avoid or reduce the previously necessary rest phases of the material before further processing or finishing, to shorten the production time and thus increase the output while at the same time having a compact design due to the small stand spacing, as well as separate setting of the rolling and coiling temperatures.
  • the task is solved by an aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to claim 1.
  • the invention makes it possible to respond in a variety of ways to the cooling process of the aluminum alloy rolled in a tandem finishing mill and then coiled or the aluminum hot strip made of this alloy. This is supported by the use of at least one trimming shear.
  • a trimming shear is located in the exit area of the tandem rolling mills. This is advantageous for removing the irregular hot strip edges that arise due to the process and can contain cracks, and thus creating a uniform strip edge. These shears are adjustable and remove approx. 2 to 150 mm of the strip edge. With the strip edges defined in this way, precautions to take into account the temperature gradients at the strip edge resulting from the rolling process can be omitted. Possible unevenness in the area of the strip edges, which would usually be exacerbated by cooling, can thus be avoided. Furthermore, the width-dependent adjustment of the cooling device is possible in a simple manner thanks to the reliable knowledge of the trimmed strip width.
  • Inter-stand cooling in the sense of the invention is understood to mean a cooling device arranged between two rolling stands of the tandem rolling mill. These can, for example, apply a coolant quantity of about 500 l/min to 15,000 l/min to the strip. These large quantities are necessary in order to achieve suitable cooling in the strip.
  • a cooling section in the sense of the invention is understood to mean a cooling device arranged between the last rolling stand of the tandem rolling mill and the coiler device. This can apply a coolant quantity of about 2000 l/min to 50,000 l/min to the strip. These large quantities are necessary in order to achieve suitable cooling in the strip.
  • the inter-stand cooling it is possible to specifically set the temperatures during forming and the final rolling temperature.
  • the cooling section arranged at the exit of the aluminum hot strip rolling mill and in particular at the exit of the multi-stand tandem finishing mill, it is also possible to specifically set the coiling temperature.
  • the final rolling temperature is understood to be the temperature at which the aluminum hot strip emerges from the tandem finishing mill during the last rolling pass and the coiling temperature is understood to be the temperature at which the rolled aluminum hot strip is rolled or wound onto the coiler.
  • the coiling temperature can be set to a temperature in the range of below 200 °C to below 250 °C depending on the material in order to prevent or significantly slow down the course of diffusion processes and thus prevent the formation of coarse precipitations due to diffusion processes during coiling or when cooling the aluminum hot strip on the coiling reel.
  • the precise, alloy-dependent setting of the coiling temperature is essential in that a temperature is set at which diffusion processes no longer take place or only take place at a much slower rate.
  • a strip dryer is arranged in the rolling direction behind the cooling section and in front of the coiler, which comprises a drying device and/or cooling medium discharge devices. Since the aluminum hot-rolled strip can no longer dry completely using its own heat due to the low aluminum strip temperatures that arise during operation of the cooling section, the installation of a strip dryer behind the cooling section and in front of the coiler is advantageous.
  • this is further characterized in that the cooling section and the inter-stand cooling are designed as laminar belt cooling or as spray cooling.
  • This advantageously makes it possible to achieve good cooling results in the temperature range of approx. 300 °C and lower temperatures, in which range transition boiling occurs at higher temperatures and nucleate boiling occurs at lower temperatures.
  • This range is characterized by a particularly strong temperature-dependent change in the heat transfer coefficient, the value of which increases sharply from a value set at approx. 300 °C up to a temperature of approx. 250 °C and then drops sharply again to the range of approx. 200 °C.
  • the aluminum hot strip rolling mill has a control and/or regulating device which controls the rolling stands and the cooling section as well as the at least one inter-stand cooling system independently of one another and adapts the rolling speed, the inter-stand cooling, the final rolling temperature and the coiler temperature to the respective aluminum hot strip material and in particular sets and regulates them independently of one another.
  • Rolling emulsions or demineralized water have a particularly advantageous cooling effect on the hot aluminum strip, so that the invention further provides that the cooling section and the inter-stand cooling systems are supplied with a rolling emulsion or demineralized water as a cooling medium.
  • the aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention is also characterized by the fact that a pre-strip cooler is arranged in the entry area of the tandem finishing mill. This makes it possible to specifically exert a cooling effect on the aluminum hot strip entering the tandem finishing mill.
  • the invention is therefore further characterized in that a process model is stored and mapped in the control and/or regulating device, which takes into account the changes in the heat transfer coefficient during the cooling of the aluminum hot strip and which is integrated into the control and/or regulating processes of the aluminum hot strip rolling mill, in particular the tandem finishing mill with pre-strip cooler and/or inter-stand cooling and/or cooling section and/or strip drying.
  • a process model is stored and mapped in the control and/or regulating device, which takes into account the effect of the respective temperature level of the hot aluminum strip during the individual passes in the stands of the tandem finishing rolling mill on the friction between the respective rolls and the respective hot aluminum strip material and which is integrated into the control and/or regulating processes of the hot aluminum strip rolling mill, in particular the tandem finishing rolling mill with pre-strip cooler and/or inter-stand cooling and/or cooling section and/or strip drying, which the invention also provides.
  • the various independently controllable and activatable devices of the at least one cooling section the inter-stand cooling and, if applicable, the pre-strip cooling, to specifically set cooling curves in the sense of special, desired temperature-time paths in the aluminum hot strip production depending on the alloy, independently of one another and also independently of the rolling speed(s) set in each case and also independently of the cooling, which can also be controlled independently of the cooling.
  • HT qualities alloys that can be hardened by heat treatment
  • particularly finely distributed precipitates with favorable mechanical properties of the end products can be produced.
  • NHT qualities non-hardenable alloys
  • the temperature range of the last forming step i.e.
  • the last pass in the tandem finishing rolling mill can be reduced without any loss in production output to such an extent that cold forming in the material without recrystallization remains during the subsequent coiling and cooling of the coil produced on the coiler, whereby the strength of such an aluminum hot strip can be significantly increased compared to that produced using the state of the art.
  • H2 or even H3 qualities can be produced for AA5xxx alloys in this way, without the otherwise necessary additional step of cold rolling.
  • T4 and T6 refer to the keys for heat treatment according to DIN EN 515.
  • the short rolling time per strip element of less than 60 s enables a reduction in the recrystallization process between the last passes of the rolling process.
  • This method can be carried out particularly expediently in an aluminum hot strip rolling mill.
  • the method according to the invention is therefore further characterized in that it is carried out in an aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to one of claims 1-3.
  • the invention enables the advantageous use of the produced hot-rolled aluminum strips in components of a chassis or structural part or of a sheet used in motor vehicle, aircraft or rail vehicle construction, in particular as a component, chassis part, outer or inner sheet in motor vehicle construction, preferably as a bodywork component.
  • the Figure 1 shows the tandem finishing mill area of an aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention with a multi-stand tandem finishing mill 2 comprising four tandem stands 1, a pre-strip cooler 3 in the entry area of the tandem finishing mill 2 and an associated cooling section 4 in the exit area of the aluminum hot strip rolling mill.
  • Intermediate stand cooling systems 5 are arranged between the individual tandem rolling stands 1.
  • a trimming shear 6 In the rolling direction behind the tandem finishing mill 2 and in front of the cooling section 4 there is a trimming shear 6 and in the rolling direction behind the cooling section 4 and in front of a coiler 8 that receives the rolled aluminum hot strip 7 there is a strip dryer 9.
  • measuring devices or measuring equipment 10 with which the strip temperature(s), strip speed(s), strip surface(s) or the like can be recorded.
  • These measuring instruments or measuring devices 10 are in operative connection with a Fig.6 schematically illustrated control and/or regulating device 11, with which the tandem rolling stands 1, in particular the rolling speed, the cooling section 4 and the inter-stand cooling systems 5 and, if desired, the pre-strip cooling system 3 and the strip drying system 9 can be controlled and regulated independently of one another.
  • the independent control and regulation of the individual cooling devices consists, for example, in the fact that activation or deactivation as well as the cooling medium mass flow delivered to the aluminum hot strip 7 from the pre-strip cooler 3, but in particular the inter-stand cooling systems 5 and the cooling section 4, can take place independently of one another and independently of the control of the rolling speed.
  • the strip dryer 9 arranged in front of the winding reel 8 makes it possible to remove any cooling medium still present on the surface of the hot aluminum strip 7 after it has passed through the cooling section 4, thus preventing surface defects.
  • the cooling section 4 and the intermediate cooling systems 5 are designed as laminar strip cooling or as spray cooling.
  • the preferred cooling medium is a (standard) rolling emulsion or demineralized water.
  • the belt dryer 9 has drying devices and cooling medium discharge devices in the form of a catcher with counter-spray 12, a counter-spray 13, so-called air knives 14 and an extraction system 15.
  • Fig.3 It can be seen that existing aluminum hot strip rolling mills can also be easily retrofitted with the cooling option according to the invention, for which it is only necessary to extend the run-out area if necessary and to move an initially existing coiler 8' to the position of the coiler 8 so that space is created for the cooling section 4 and the strip dryer 9, or to provide the coiler 8 in addition to the coiler 8'.
  • the intermediate cooling systems 5 are retrofitted between the tandem stands 1 of the tandem finishing mill 2 and, if desired, the pre-strip cooler 3 is arranged on the inlet side.
  • an aluminum hot strip 7 after rough rolling in the roughing mill of the aluminum hot strip rolling mill can, with the roughing strip cooler 3, the inter-stand cooling 5 and the cooling section 4 activated, initially be rolled out significantly more quickly to the final rolling temperature in the range between 300 °C and 360 °C and then cooled to the coiling temperature in the range of ⁇ 200 °C to ⁇ 250 °C before the aluminum hot strip 7 is wound onto the winding coiler 8 and left there for further cooling.
  • Fig.5 the effect of the intermediate cooling 5 in the four-stand tandem finishing mill 2 is shown again, whereby the activation and the effect of the cooling section 4 in the run-out area on the temperature-time path before the aluminum hot strip 7 is wound onto the coiler 8 and cooled in the coil is omitted.
  • the course of the cooling curve or the temperature-time path without intermediate stand cooling is shown as a solid line and the cooling curve or the temperature-time path with activated inter-stand cooling is shown as a dashed line.
  • the Fig.6 shows schematically the control and/or regulating device 11, to which the measured values determined with the measuring devices or measuring devices 10, which represent the rolling result and the state of the rolling process, are reported back or fed back (feedback). These measured values then also flow into the technological process model 16 stored in the control and/or regulating device 11.
  • This technological process model 16 stored and displayed in the control and/or regulating device 11 is constructed in such a way that it takes into account the changes in the heat transfer coefficient during the cooling of the aluminum hot strip 7 and integrates them into the control and/or regulating processes.
  • the technological process model 16 also takes into account the effect of the respective temperature level of the hot aluminum strip 7 during the individual passes in the tandem stands 1 of the tandem finishing mill 2 on the friction between the rolling emulsion or the respective rolls and the respective hot aluminum strip material and incorporates this into the control and/or regulation processes.
  • Fig.6 the technological process model 16 influences the presetting (setup) of the individual devices of the aluminum hot strip rolling mill and in particular the area of the tandem finishing mill 2 shown here with pre-strip cooler 3, intermediate cooling 5 and associated cooling section 4 as well as the strip dryer 9 by generating control and/or regulation signals which are then transmitted to the respective devices, such as tandem stands 1, pre-strip cooler 3, cooling section 4, intermediate cooling 5 and strip dryer 9, by means of the control and/or regulation device 11.
  • Part of the control and/or regulation device 11 is a process computer (not shown in detail), in which the technological process model 16 is stored and which controls the setting of the desired temperature-time paths and the regulation device.
  • the cooling devices 3, 4 and 5 can be designed in such a way that they can be regulated depending on the width in relation to the rolled aluminum hot strip 7.
  • the aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention makes it possible to set and run individual, special and possibly alloy-dependent time paths in relation to the temperature and/or the forming rates set in the tandem stands 1 in order to obtain a desired result in each case with regard to the structure established in the respective aluminum alloy of the rolled aluminum hot strip and the material properties and/or strength determined thereby. It is therefore possible to control the forming, the (cooling) time and the temperature independently of one another on the aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention without any loss of production. In fact, it is even possible to increase production in relation to comparable finishing rolling mills according to the state of the art. For each aluminum alloy that can be used, conditions can be set such that the precipitations are finely distributed in the rolled product.
  • the formation of large precipitates can be prevented by rapidly cooling the hot-rolled aluminum strip 7 after hot forming in a temperature range of ⁇ 200 °C to ⁇ 250 °C, in which diffusion processes do not occur or only occur at a much slower rate.
  • the inter-stand cooling systems 5 can be used particularly advantageously when recrystallization only occurs partially or no longer at relatively low temperatures and the activation energy for recrystallization in the coiled coil on the winding reel 8 can thus be accumulated by the remaining deformation energy.

Description

Die Erfindung richtet sich auf eine Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße umfassend eine mehrgerüstige Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße mit mindestens einer in Walzrichtung nachgeschalteten Aufrollhaspel und mindestens einer zugeordneten Kühlstrecke.
Weiterhin richtet sich die Erfindung auf ein Verfahren zum Warmwalzen eines Aluminium-Warmbandes aus einer AlMgSi-Legierung der AA6xxx-Gruppe in einer Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße sowie ein Verfahren zum Warmwalzen eines Aluminium-Warmbandes aus einer AlMg-Legierung der AA5xxx-Gruppe in einer Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße. Schließlich richtet sich die Erfindung auf die Verwendung eines nach einem der Verfahren hergestellten Aluminium-Warmbandes.The invention relates to an aluminum hot strip rolling mill comprising a multi-stand tandem finishing mill with at least one coiler downstream in the rolling direction and at least one associated cooling section.
Furthermore, the invention is directed to a method for hot rolling an aluminum hot strip made of an AlMgSi alloy of the AA6xxx group in an aluminum hot strip rolling mill and a method for hot rolling an aluminum hot strip made of an AlMg alloy of the AA5xxx group in an aluminum hot strip rolling mill. Finally, the invention is directed to the use of an aluminum hot strip produced according to one of the methods.

Bei den heutzutage für das Warmwalzen von Aluminiumlegierungen eingesetzten Tandem-Walzwerken handelt es sich um Universalwalzwerke, auf welchen alle walzbaren Qualitäten von Aluminiumlegierungen der Gruppen AA1xxx, AA2xxx, AA3xxx, AA5xxx, AA6xxx, AA7xxx, und AA8xxx (Aluminiumlegierungen nach DIN EN 573-3 und DIN EN 573-4) walzbar und mit den gewünschten Endabmessungen herstellbar sind.
Diese Aluminium-Tandemwarmwalzwerke werden kompakt ausgeführt mit einem Gerüstabstand zwischen 4 m und 6 m. Bei größeren Gerüstabständen wächst die Gefahr, dass durch seitliches Verlaufen das Band nicht mehr zentrisch in das Folgegerüst einläuft. Bei kleineren Abständen werden die zum Walzen notwendigen Einrichtungen wie z.B. Zugmessrolle und Überleittische nicht mehr zugänglich, z.B. für Wartungszwecke.
Weiter können mit diesen kompakten Tandemwalzstraßen alle Aluminium-Qualitäten bearbeitet werden, auch solche, bei den das Erzielen einer Haspeltemperatur von oberhalb 300°C aufgrund ihrer geringen Umformfestigkeit und damit geringen Aufnahme von Umformwärme sehr hohe Walzgeschwindigkeiten und/oder größere Enddicken erforderlich machen.The tandem rolling mills used today for hot rolling of aluminum alloys are universal rolling mills on which all rollable qualities of aluminum alloys of the groups AA1xxx, AA2xxx, AA3xxx, AA5xxx, AA6xxx, AA7xxx, and AA8xxx (aluminum alloys according to DIN EN 573-3 and DIN EN 573-4) can be rolled and produced with the desired final dimensions.
These aluminum tandem hot rolling mills are designed to be compact with a stand distance of between 4 m and 6 m. With larger stand distances, the risk increases that the strip will no longer run into the next stand centrally due to sideways drift. With smaller distances, the equipment required for rolling, such as tension measuring rolls and transfer tables, are no longer accessible, e.g. for maintenance purposes.
Furthermore, these compact tandem rolling mills can be used to process all grades of aluminium, including those where achieving a coiling temperature of over 300°C requires very high rolling speeds and/or greater final thicknesses due to their low forming strength and thus low absorption of forming heat.

Diese kompakten Tandem-Warmwalzwerke weisen heute keine Kühleinrichtungen auf, die die Temperatur des Bandes während der Bearbeitung beeinflussen können. Die Einstellung der Endwalztemperatur erfolgt mit der Regelung der Walzgeschwindigkeit. Die Haspeltemperatur entspricht der Endwalztemperatur reduziert um die durch freie Konvektion vorliegende Abkühlung von wenigen Kelvin zwischen letzten Gerüst und Haspeleinrichtung. Eine gezielte Beeinflussung des Temperatur-Zeit-Pfades in der Tandemwalzstraße und / oder eine unabhängige Einstellung von Endwalz- und Haspeltemperatur ist nicht möglich.These compact tandem hot rolling mills do not have any cooling devices that can influence the temperature of the strip during processing. The final rolling temperature is set by regulating the rolling speed. The coiling temperature corresponds to the final rolling temperature reduced by the cooling of a few Kelvin between the last stand and the coiling device caused by free convection. It is not possible to specifically influence the temperature-time path in the tandem rolling mill and/or to independently set the final rolling and coiling temperatures.

Aufgrund der beim Warmwalzen von Aluminium temperaturabhängig auftretenden Rekristallisationsvorgänge und Diffusionsvorgänge sind die mit den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Aluminium-Tandem-Fertigwalzstraßen erzeugbaren Werkstoffeigenschaften von warmgewalzten Aluminiumlegierungen oder Aluminiumbändern begrenzt. Die bei den jeweiligen Walzgeschwindigkeiten erzielbaren Abkühlungskurven oder Temperatur-Zeit-Pfade sind begrenzt.Due to the temperature-dependent recrystallization and diffusion processes that occur during hot rolling of aluminum, the material properties of hot-rolled aluminum alloys or aluminum strips that can be produced using the aluminum tandem finishing rolling mills known from the state of the art are limited. The cooling curves or temperature-time paths that can be achieved at the respective rolling speeds are limited.

So ist aus der DE 44 45 072 A1 eine Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße bekannt, die einlaufseitig vor einer mehrgerüstigen Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße eine zugeordnete Kühlstrecke aufweist, mit dem Ziel, das einlaufende Aluminiumband über seine gesamten Länge mit einer konstanten Temperatur in die Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße einlaufen zu lassen. Der sich dann in der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße einstellende Temperatur-Zeit-Pfad und damit die Abkühlkurve des Aluminiumwarmbandes sind damit festgelegt und nicht mehr unabhängig von dem Ergebnis der einlaufseitigen Kühlung einstellbar oder regulierbar.This is how the DE 44 45 072 A1 an aluminum hot strip rolling mill is known which has an associated cooling section on the inlet side before a multi-stand tandem finishing mill, with the aim of allowing the incoming aluminum strip to enter the tandem finishing mill at a constant temperature over its entire length. The temperature-time path then established in the tandem finishing mill and thus the cooling curve of the aluminum hot strip are thus fixed and can no longer be adjusted or regulated independently of the result of the cooling on the inlet side.

Eine Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße ist auch aus der DE 20 2011 050 449 U1 bekannt. Dieses Dokument offenbart eine Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße mit einer zweigeteilten Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße, wobei zwischen den beiden Teilen der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße eine Kühlstrecke ausgebildet ist. Diese Kühlstrecke ist wirksamer als eine im Einlaufbereich einer Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße angeordnete Kühlstrecke, da nach dem Durchlaufen eines Teiles der Tandem-Gerüste die Aluminiumwarmbanddicke geringer ist und sich verglichen mit der Einlauftemperatur gegebenenfalls eine niedrigere Warmbandtemperatur bei Erreichen dieser Kühlstrecke eingestellt hat. Außerdem ist es mit dieser Anlage möglich, in den ersten Tandem-Fertiggerüsten größere Dickenabnahmen als bei Walzwerken mit Kühlstrecke im Einlaufbereich durchzuführen, da die sich bei der stärkeren Verformung einstellende Temperaturerhöhung durch die Kühlstrecke vor Eintritt in den zweiten Teil der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße wieder heruntergekühlt werden kann.
Nachteilig ist bei dieser Anlagenkonfiguration, dass durch den großen erforderlichen Gerüstabstand zum einen mehr Bauraum benötigt wird und zum anderen der Produktionsprozess instabil wird aufgrund der Gefahr des seitlichen Verlaufens des Bandes während des Ein- und Ausfädelns und weiter für Qualitäten, bei denen keine Kühlung erforderlich ist, wie z.B. weichen A1xxx oder A3xxx Qualitäten, die Prozessführung bzgl. der Temperaturführung sehr stark eingeschränkt wird. Speziell bei den genannten Qualitäten ist es günstig, eine Haspeltemperatur oberhalb von 300°C zu erzielen, um Rekristallisationsvorgänge im Bund zu erwirken und somit den Kraft- und Arbeitsbedarf im nachfolgenden Kaltwalzprozess zu reduzieren. Der große Abstand der beiden Tandemfertigstraßenteile führt hier zu einer ungewollten, unbeeinflussbaren Temperaturreduzierung. Eine gattungsgemäße Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße ist aus der DE10349950 A1 bekannt. Mit den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße ist es aber nicht möglich, gezielte Temperaturführungen in der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße derart einzustellen, dass gezielt auf den sich beim Durchlauf durch die Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße einstellenden Abkühlungsvorgang des Aluminiumwarmbandes eingewirkt und damit auf die jeweils temperaturabhängig in dem gewalzten Aluminiumwarmband ablaufenden Rekristallisationsvorgänge und/oder Diffusionsvorgänge Einfluss genommen werden könnte.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Lösung zu schaffen, die es ermöglicht, in verbesserter Art und Weise Abkühlkurven und Temperatur-Zeit-Pfade beim Aluminiumwarmbandwalzen in einer Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße im Walzgut einzustellen.
Auch soll weiterhin eine Lösung geschaffen werden, die es ermöglicht, die bisher notwendigen Ruhephasen des Materials vor einer Weiterverarbeitung oder Weiterbearbeitung zu vermeiden oder zu reduzieren, die Fertigungszeit zu verkürzen und damit die Ausbringung erhöhen bei gleichzeitiger kompakter Bauform durch geringen Gerüstabstand, sowie eine getrennte Einstellung von Walz- und Haspeltemperatur. Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Durch die Erfindung ist es möglich, auf vielfältige Art und Weise auf den Abkühlvorgang der in einer Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße gewalzten und anschließend aufgehaspelten Aluminiumlegierung oder des aus dieser Legierung bestehenden Aluminiumwarmbandes einzugehen. Unterstützt wird dies durch den Einsatz von mind. einer Besäumschere.An aluminium hot strip rolling mill is also available from DE 20 2011 050 449 U1 This document discloses an aluminum hot strip rolling mill with a two-part tandem finishing mill, with a cooling section being formed between the two parts of the tandem finishing mill. This cooling section is more effective than a cooling section arranged in the entry area of a tandem finishing mill, since the aluminum hot strip thickness is lower after passing through part of the tandem stands and a lower hot strip temperature may have been established when this cooling section is reached compared to the entry temperature. In addition, this system makes it possible to carry out greater thickness reductions in the first tandem finishing stands than in rolling mills with a cooling section in the entry area, since the temperature increase that occurs during the greater deformation can be cooled down again by the cooling section before entering the second part of the tandem finishing mill.
The disadvantage of this plant configuration is that the large distance between the stands requires more installation space and the production process becomes unstable due to the risk of the strip running sideways during threading and unthreading. Furthermore, for qualities where no cooling is required, such as soft A1xxx or A3xxx qualities, the process control is very limited in terms of temperature control. Especially for the qualities mentioned, it is advantageous to achieve a coiling temperature above 300°C in order to achieve recrystallization processes in the coil and thus reduce the power and labor required in the subsequent cold rolling process. The large distance between the two tandem finishing mill sections leads to an unwanted, uncontrollable temperature reduction. A generic aluminum hot strip rolling mill is from the DE10349950 A1 However, with the tandem finishing mill known from the state of the art, it is not possible to set specific temperature controls in the tandem finishing mill in such a way that the cooling process of the hot aluminum strip that occurs when it passes through the tandem finishing mill can be specifically influenced and thus the respective temperature-dependent recrystallization and/or diffusion processes occurring in the rolled hot-rolled aluminum strip could be influenced.
The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a solution which makes it possible to set cooling curves and temperature-time paths in the rolled stock in an improved manner during aluminum hot strip rolling in a tandem finishing mill.
A solution is also to be created that makes it possible to avoid or reduce the previously necessary rest phases of the material before further processing or finishing, to shorten the production time and thus increase the output while at the same time having a compact design due to the small stand spacing, as well as separate setting of the rolling and coiling temperatures. The task is solved by an aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to claim 1. The invention makes it possible to respond in a variety of ways to the cooling process of the aluminum alloy rolled in a tandem finishing mill and then coiled or the aluminum hot strip made of this alloy. This is supported by the use of at least one trimming shear.

Im Auslaufbereich der Tandemwalzstraßen ist eine Besäumschere angeordnet. Dies ist vorteilhaft, um die prozessbedingt entstehenden unregelmäßigen Warmbandkanten, die mit Rissen behaftet sein können, zu entfernen und somit eine gleichmäßige Bandkante zu erzeugen. Diese Scheren sind einstellbar und entfernen ca. 2 bis zu 150 mm der Bandkante. Durch die so definierten Bandkanten können Vorkehrungen entfallen, um die sich aus dem Walzprozess ergebenden Temperaturgradienten an der Bandkante zu berücksichtigen. Mögliche Unplanheiten im Bereich der Bandkanten können so vermieden werden, die sich durch eine Kühlung i.d.R. verstärken würden. Weiter ist die breitenabhängige Einstellung der Kühlvorrichtung durch die sichere Kenntnis der besäumten Bandbreite in einfacher Art und Weise möglich.A trimming shear is located in the exit area of the tandem rolling mills. This is advantageous for removing the irregular hot strip edges that arise due to the process and can contain cracks, and thus creating a uniform strip edge. These shears are adjustable and remove approx. 2 to 150 mm of the strip edge. With the strip edges defined in this way, precautions to take into account the temperature gradients at the strip edge resulting from the rolling process can be omitted. Possible unevenness in the area of the strip edges, which would usually be exacerbated by cooling, can thus be avoided. Furthermore, the width-dependent adjustment of the cooling device is possible in a simple manner thanks to the reliable knowledge of the trimmed strip width.

Unter Zwischengerüstkühlung im Sinne der Erfindung wird eine Kühleinrichtung angeordnet zwischen zwei Walzgerüsten der Tandemwalzstraße verstanden. Diese können z.B. eine Kühlmittelmenge von etwa 500 l/min bis zu 15000 l/min auf das Band aufbringen. Diese großen Mengen sind erforderlich, um eine geeignete Abkühlung im Band zu erzielen.
Unter Kühlstrecke im Sinne der Erfindung wird eine Kühleinrichtung angeordnet zwischen dem letzten Walzgerüst der Tandemwalzstraße und der Haspeleinrichtung verstanden. Diese können eine Kühlmittelmenge von etwa 2000 l/min bis zu 50000 l/min auf das Band aufbringen. Diese großen Mengen sind erforderlich, um eine geeignete Abkühlung im Band zu erzielen.Inter-stand cooling in the sense of the invention is understood to mean a cooling device arranged between two rolling stands of the tandem rolling mill. These can, for example, apply a coolant quantity of about 500 l/min to 15,000 l/min to the strip. These large quantities are necessary in order to achieve suitable cooling in the strip.
A cooling section in the sense of the invention is understood to mean a cooling device arranged between the last rolling stand of the tandem rolling mill and the coiler device. This can apply a coolant quantity of about 2000 l/min to 50,000 l/min to the strip. These large quantities are necessary in order to achieve suitable cooling in the strip.

Mit der Zwischengerüstkühlung ist es möglich, gezielt die Temperaturen während der Umformung und die Endwalztemperatur einzustellen. Mit der im Auslauf der Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße und insbesondere im Auslauf der mehrgerüstigen Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße angeordneten Kühlstrecke ist es möglich, noch gezielt die Haspeltemperatur einzustellen. Hierbei wird unter der Endwalztemperatur die Temperatur verstanden, mit der das Aluminiumwarmband beim letzten Walzstich aus der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße austritt und unter der Haspeltemperatur wird die Temperatur verstanden, mit der das gewalzte Aluminiumwarmband auf die Aufrollhaspel aufgerollt oder aufgewickelt wird.With the inter-stand cooling it is possible to specifically set the temperatures during forming and the final rolling temperature. With the cooling section arranged at the exit of the aluminum hot strip rolling mill and in particular at the exit of the multi-stand tandem finishing mill, it is also possible to specifically set the coiling temperature. The final rolling temperature is understood to be the temperature at which the aluminum hot strip emerges from the tandem finishing mill during the last rolling pass and the coiling temperature is understood to be the temperature at which the rolled aluminum hot strip is rolled or wound onto the coiler.

Dadurch ist es möglich, sowohl im Temperaturbereich der Rekristallisation von 300 °C bis 370 °C als auch im Bereich der Diffusionsvorgänge im Temperaturbereich von 230 °C bis 260 °C gezielt auf den Abkühlvorgang und damit die sich bildende Gefügestruktur Einfluss zu nehmen.
So lässt sich z.B. bei AA6xxx-Qualitäten eine Warmumformung im Bereich der Rekristallisation im Temperaturbereich zwischen 300 °C bis 370 °C durchführen, um eine möglichst gleichmäßige, von einer guten Kornfeinung geprägte Gefügestruktur zu erhalten, wobei gleichzeitig die Haspeltemperatur materialabhängig auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von unterhalb 200 °C bis unterhalb 250 °C eingestellt werden kann, um den Ablauf von Diffusionsvorgängen zu unterbinden oder deutlich zu verlangsamen und damit die Bildung von groben Ausscheidungen durch Diffusionsvorgänge beim Aufhaspeln oder beim Abkühlen des Aluminium-Warmbandes auf der Aufrollhaspel zu verhindern. Die genaue, legierungsabhängige Einstellung der Haspeltemperatur ist insoweit wesentlich, als dass eine Temperatur eingestellt wird, bei der Diffusionsvorgänge nicht mehr oder nur noch stark verlangsamt stattfinden. Mit der Erfindung ist es also möglich, eine Vielzahl an Aluminiumlegierungen ohne Einbußen in der Produktionsleistung mit einer Endwalztemperatur im Bereich von 300 °C bis 370 °C zu walzen und legierungsabhängig eine niedrige Haspeltemperatur im Bereich von < 200 °C bis < 250 °C mittels der im Auslaufbereich der Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße angeordneten Kühlstrecke zu erzielen.
Die Absenkung der Endwalztemperatur auf den Bereich von 300 °C bis 370 °C wird durch die Zwischengerüstkühlungen erreicht, die es ermöglichen, das Aluminiumwarmband gezielt abzukühlen und/oder die in Wärme umgesetzte Walzarbeit der Tandemgerüste der Fertigstraße aus dem Bund wieder herauszukühlen. Dank der Zwischengerüstkühlungen kann je Stich in Walzrichtung hinter jedem Tandemgerüst der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße eine gewünschte Temperatur eingestellt werden, so dass das Aluminiumwarmband einer größeren Anzahl an Stichen bei niedrigeren Temperaturen als beim Stand der Technik unterworfen werden kann. Hierdurch lässt sich die Produktionsleistung einer mit einer solchen Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße ausgerüsteten, insbesondere nachgerüsteten, Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße erhöhen.This makes it possible to specifically influence the cooling process and thus the microstructure that is formed both in the temperature range of recrystallization from 300 °C to 370 °C and in the area of diffusion processes in the temperature range from 230 °C to 260 °C.
For example, with AA6xxx qualities, hot forming can be carried out in the recrystallization area in the temperature range between 300 °C and 370 °C in order to obtain a microstructure that is as uniform as possible and characterized by good grain refinement. At the same time, the coiling temperature can be set to a temperature in the range of below 200 °C to below 250 °C depending on the material in order to prevent or significantly slow down the course of diffusion processes and thus prevent the formation of coarse precipitations due to diffusion processes during coiling or when cooling the aluminum hot strip on the coiling reel. The precise, alloy-dependent setting of the coiling temperature is essential in that a temperature is set at which diffusion processes no longer take place or only take place at a much slower rate. With the invention it is therefore possible to roll a large number of aluminum alloys without loss of production output with a final rolling temperature in the range of 300 °C to 370 °C and, depending on the alloy, to achieve a low coiling temperature in the range of < 200 °C to < 250 °C by means of the cooling section arranged in the outlet area of the aluminum hot strip rolling mill.
The reduction of the final rolling temperature to the range of 300 °C to 370 °C is achieved by the inter-stand cooling, which makes it possible to cool the aluminum hot strip in a targeted manner and/or to cool the rolling work converted into heat from the tandem stands of the finishing mill out of the coil. Thanks to the inter-stand cooling, a desired temperature can be set for each pass in the rolling direction behind each tandem stand of the tandem finishing mill, so that the aluminum hot strip can be subjected to a larger number of passes at lower temperatures than with the state of the art. This makes it possible to increase the production output of an aluminum hot strip rolling mill equipped with such a tandem finishing mill, especially one that has been retrofitted.

Das Verbleiben von wasserhaltigen Materialien auf dem Aluminiumband während des Wickelns auf der Aufrollhaspel führt zu einem Korrosionsangriff und zu Oberflächenverfärbungen. Da Aluminiumband nicht gebeizt wird, verbleiben diese Oberflächendefekte und führen ebenfalls zu Qualitätseinbußen oder Ausschuss, falls diesem Vorgang nicht mit Hilfe einer Bandtrocknung entgegengetreten wird. Die Erfindung zeichnet sich daher in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung dadurch aus, dass in Walzrichtung hinter der Kühlstrecke und vor der Aufrollhaspel eine Bandtrocknung angeordnet ist, die eine Trocknungseinrichtung und/oder Kühlmediumabführeinrichtungen umfasst. Da aufgrund der sich durch die Kühlstrecke bei deren Betrieb einstellenden niedrigen Aluminiumbandtemperaturen das Aluminiumwarmwalzband nicht mehr durch seine Eigenwärme vollständig abtrocknen kann, ist die Installation einer Bandtrocknung hinter der Kühlstrecke und vor der Aufrollhaspel vorteilhaft.The retention of water-containing materials on the aluminium strip during winding on the reel leads to corrosion and Surface discoloration. Since aluminum strip is not pickled, these surface defects remain and also lead to quality losses or rejects if this process is not counteracted with the help of a strip dryer. The invention is therefore characterized in an advantageous embodiment in that a strip dryer is arranged in the rolling direction behind the cooling section and in front of the coiler, which comprises a drying device and/or cooling medium discharge devices. Since the aluminum hot-rolled strip can no longer dry completely using its own heat due to the low aluminum strip temperatures that arise during operation of the cooling section, the installation of a strip dryer behind the cooling section and in front of the coiler is advantageous.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung zeichnet sich diese weiterhin dadurch aus, dass die Kühlstrecke und die Zwischengerüstkühlung als laminare Bandkühlung oder als Spritzkühlung ausgebildet sind. Hierdurch lassen sich in vorteilhafter Weise gute Kühlergebnisse im Temperaturbereich von ca. 300 °C und niedrigeren Temperaturen erreichen, in welchem Bereich sich bei den höheren Temperaturen das Übergangssieden und bei den niedrigeren Temperaturen das Blasensieden einstellen. Dieser Bereich ist durch eine besonders starke temperaturabhängige Änderung des Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten gekennzeichnet ist, dessen Wert ausgehend von einem sich bei ca. 300 °C einstellenden Wert bis zu einer Temperatur von ca. 250 °C stark ansteigt und danach bis in den Bereich von ca. 200 °C wieder stark abfällt.In an advantageous development of the invention, this is further characterized in that the cooling section and the inter-stand cooling are designed as laminar belt cooling or as spray cooling. This advantageously makes it possible to achieve good cooling results in the temperature range of approx. 300 °C and lower temperatures, in which range transition boiling occurs at higher temperatures and nucleate boiling occurs at lower temperatures. This range is characterized by a particularly strong temperature-dependent change in the heat transfer coefficient, the value of which increases sharply from a value set at approx. 300 °C up to a temperature of approx. 250 °C and then drops sharply again to the range of approx. 200 °C.

Die Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße eine Steuer und/oder Regeleinrichtung aufweist, die die Walzgerüste und die Kühlstrecke sowie die mindestens eine Zwischengerüstkühlung unabhängig voneinander steuert und die Walzgeschwindigkeit, die Zwischengerüstkühlung, die Endwalztemperatur und die Haspeltemperatur an den jeweiligen Aluminium-Warmbandwerkstoff angepasst und insbesondere unabhängig voneinander einstellt und einregelt.The invention provides that the aluminum hot strip rolling mill has a control and/or regulating device which controls the rolling stands and the cooling section as well as the at least one inter-stand cooling system independently of one another and adapts the rolling speed, the inter-stand cooling, the final rolling temperature and the coiler temperature to the respective aluminum hot strip material and in particular sets and regulates them independently of one another.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Kühlwirkung üben Walzemulsionen oder demineralisiertes Wasser auf das Aluminiumwarmband aus, so dass die Erfindung weiterhin vorsieht, dass die Kühlstrecke und die Zwischengerüstkühlungen mit einer Walzemulsion oder demineralisiertem Wasser als Kühlmedium beaufschlagt werden.Rolling emulsions or demineralized water have a particularly advantageous cooling effect on the hot aluminum strip, so that the invention further provides that the cooling section and the inter-stand cooling systems are supplied with a rolling emulsion or demineralized water as a cooling medium.

Auch zeichnet sich die erfindungsgemäße Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße noch dadurch aus, dass im Einlaufbereich der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße ein Vorbandkühler angeordnet ist. Dadurch ist es möglich, auch auf das in die Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße einlaufende Aluminiumwarmband bereits eine Abkühlwirkung gezielt auszuüben.The aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention is also characterized by the fact that a pre-strip cooler is arranged in the entry area of the tandem finishing mill. This makes it possible to specifically exert a cooling effect on the aluminum hot strip entering the tandem finishing mill.

Da sich der Wärmeübergangskoeffizient wie vorstehend dargelegt im Temperaturbereich des Übergangssiedens und des Blasensiedens stark temperaturabhängig ändert, ist es vorgesehen, dies in einem in der Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung hinterlegten technischen Prozessmodell abzubilden. Die Erfindung zeichnet sich daher weiterhin dadurch aus, dass in der Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung ein Prozessmodell hinterlegt und abgebildet ist, das die Veränderungen des Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten während der Abkühlung des Aluminiumwarmbandes berücksichtigt und das in die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorgänge der Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße, insbesondere der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße mit Vorbandkühler und/oder Zwischengerüstkühlungen und/oder Kühlstrecke und/oder Bandtrocknung eingebunden ist.Since the heat transfer coefficient changes strongly depending on the temperature in the temperature range of transition boiling and nucleate boiling, as explained above, it is intended to map this in a technical process model stored in the control and/or regulating device. The invention is therefore further characterized in that a process model is stored and mapped in the control and/or regulating device, which takes into account the changes in the heat transfer coefficient during the cooling of the aluminum hot strip and which is integrated into the control and/or regulating processes of the aluminum hot strip rolling mill, in particular the tandem finishing mill with pre-strip cooler and/or inter-stand cooling and/or cooling section and/or strip drying.

Um die Temperatur des jeweils walzenden Aluminiumwarmbandes angemessen zu berücksichtigen und stichabhängig beeinflussen zu können, wird in der Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung ein Prozessmodell hinterlegt und abgebildet, das die Rückwirkung des jeweiligen Temperaturniveaus des Aluminiumwarmbandes während der einzelnen Stiche in den Gerüsten der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße auf die Reibung zwischen den jeweiligen Walzen und dem jeweiligen Aluminiumwarmbandmaterial berücksichtigt und das in die Steuer- und/oder Regelungsvorgänge der Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße, insbesondere der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße mit Vorbandkühler und/oder Zwischengerüstkühlungen und/oder Kühlstrecke und/oder Bandtrocknung, eingebunden, was die Erfindung ebenfalls vorsieht.In order to take the temperature of the hot aluminum strip being rolled into account appropriately and to be able to influence it depending on the pass, a process model is stored and mapped in the control and/or regulating device, which takes into account the effect of the respective temperature level of the hot aluminum strip during the individual passes in the stands of the tandem finishing rolling mill on the friction between the respective rolls and the respective hot aluminum strip material and which is integrated into the control and/or regulating processes of the hot aluminum strip rolling mill, in particular the tandem finishing rolling mill with pre-strip cooler and/or inter-stand cooling and/or cooling section and/or strip drying, which the invention also provides.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße ist es aufgrund der verschiedenen unabhängig voneinander ansteuerbaren und aktivierbaren Einrichtungen der mindestens einen Kühlstrecke, der Zwischengerüstkühlungen und gegebenenfalls der Vorbandkühlung möglich, unabhängig voneinander und auch unabhängig von der jeweils eingestellten und ebenfalls von den Kühlungen unabhängig regelbaren Walzgeschwindigkeit(en) Abkühlkurven im Sinne von speziellen, gewünschten Temperatur-Zeit-Pfaden bei der Aluminiumwarmbanderzeugung legierungsabhängig gezielt einzustellen.
Es lassen sich für sogenannte HT-Qualitäten (durch Wärmebehandlung härtbare Legierungen) besonders fein verteilte Ausscheidungen mit günstigen mechanischen Eigenschaften der Endprodukte herstellen.
Ebenso lässt sich bei der Herstellung von NHT-Qualitäten (nicht härtbaren Legierungen) der Temperaturbereich der letzten Umformung, d.h. beim letzten Stich in der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße, ohne Einbuße in der Produktionsleistung soweit absenken, dass eine Kaltverformung im Material ohne Rekristallisation bei der nachfolgenden Aufhaspelung und der Abkühlung des auf der Aufrollhaspel entstehenden Bundes verbleibt, wodurch die Festigkeit eines solchen Aluminiumwarmbandes gegenüber nach dem Stand der Technik hergestellten deutlich gesteigert werden kann. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße können auf diese Art und Weise für AA5xxx-Legierungen H2- oder sogar H3-Qualitäten gefertigt werden, ohne den sonst notwendigen zusätzlichen Schritt des Kaltwalzens.With the aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention, it is possible, due to the various independently controllable and activatable devices of the at least one cooling section, the inter-stand cooling and, if applicable, the pre-strip cooling, to specifically set cooling curves in the sense of special, desired temperature-time paths in the aluminum hot strip production depending on the alloy, independently of one another and also independently of the rolling speed(s) set in each case and also independently of the cooling, which can also be controlled independently of the cooling.
For so-called HT qualities (alloys that can be hardened by heat treatment), particularly finely distributed precipitates with favorable mechanical properties of the end products can be produced.
Likewise, when producing NHT qualities (non-hardenable alloys), the temperature range of the last forming step, i.e. the last pass in the tandem finishing rolling mill, can be reduced without any loss in production output to such an extent that cold forming in the material without recrystallization remains during the subsequent coiling and cooling of the coil produced on the coiler, whereby the strength of such an aluminum hot strip can be significantly increased compared to that produced using the state of the art. With the aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention, H2 or even H3 qualities can be produced for AA5xxx alloys in this way, without the otherwise necessary additional step of cold rolling.

Die vorstehende Aufgabe wird ebenso gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Warmwalzen eines Aluminiumwarmbandes aus einer AlMgSi-Legierung der AA6xxx-Gruppe in einer Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße, umfassen die Schritte

  • Erwärmen eines Aluminiumlegierungsblockes bestehend aus einer AlMgSi-Legierung der AA6xxx-Gruppe auf eine Temperatur von 490 °C bis 570 °C,
  • Vorwalzen des Aluminiumlegierungsblockes zu einem Aluminium-Warmband mit einer Dicke von 20 mm bis 50 mm in einer Vorstraße der Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße in einem Temperaturbereich oberhalb von 400 °C,
  • Walzen des Aluminium-Warmbandes in einer mehrgerüstigen Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße der Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße mit aktivierten Zwischenkühlungen zwischen den Tandemgerüsten der Fertigwalzstraße derart, dass während der letzten zwei Walzstiche in einem Temperaturbereich zwischen 300 °C und 370 °C eine Umformrate zwischen 30 % und 50 % und eine gewünschten Warmbanddicke zwischen 2 mm und 6 mm erreicht wird,
  • Besäumen des Warmbandes und
  • Abkühlung des Aluminium-Warmbandes im Auslauf der Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße mittels einer Kühlstrecke auf eine Haspeltemperatur von < 250 °C, vorzugsweise von 150 °C bis 230 °C,
wobei der Prozess des Fertigwalzens in einem Zeitraum von < 60 s durchgeführt wird.The above object is also achieved by a method for hot rolling an aluminum hot strip made of an AlMgSi alloy of the AA6xxx group in an aluminum hot strip rolling mill, comprising the steps
  • Heating an aluminium alloy block consisting of an AlMgSi alloy of the AA6xxx group to a temperature of 490 °C to 570 °C,
  • Pre-rolling the aluminium alloy block to an aluminium hot strip with a thickness of 20 mm to 50 mm in a roughing line of the aluminium hot strip rolling mill in a temperature range above 400 °C,
  • Rolling the aluminium hot strip in a multi-stand tandem finishing mill of the aluminium hot strip rolling mill with activated intermediate cooling between the tandem stands of the finishing mill such that during the last two rolling passes in a temperature range between 300 °C and 370 °C a forming rate of between 30 % and 50 % and a desired hot strip thickness of between 2 mm and 6 mm is achieved,
  • Trimming the hot strip and
  • Cooling of the aluminium hot strip at the exit of the aluminium hot strip rolling mill by means of a cooling section to a coiling temperature of < 250 °C, preferably from 150 °C to 230 °C,
whereby the finish rolling process is carried out in a period of < 60 s.

Für andere Aluminiumknetlegierungen, wie z.B. auch aus den Gruppen AA2xxx oder AA7xxx, sind die jeweiligen spezifischen Werte einzusetzen.For other wrought aluminium alloys, such as those from groups AA2xxx or AA7xxx, the respective specific values must be used.

Hierdurch lässt sich zum Beispiel ein Aluminiumwalzprodukt oder Aluminiumwarmband erzeugen, das insbesondere in der Automobilindustrie benötigte Werkstoffeigenschaften aufweist und das nach einer Wärmebehandlung im T4-Zustand ein großes Umformvermögen aufweist, ohne oder nur in geringem Maße zur Zeilenrilligkeit (Roping) zu neigen, und das im T6-Zustand, der in der Regel durch eine Erwärmung nach dem Lackieren (Einbrand-Lackieren) erreicht wird, eine weitere Festigkeitssteigerung erfährt. Hierbei beziehen sich die Bezeichnungen T4 und T6 auf die Schlüssel für die Wärmebehandlung nach DIN EN 515.This makes it possible, for example, to produce an aluminium rolled product or aluminium hot strip that has the material properties required in particular in the automotive industry and that, after heat treatment in the T4 condition, has a high formability without, or only a slight, tendency towards roping, and that experiences a further increase in strength in the T6 condition, which is usually achieved by heating after painting (single-bake painting). The designations T4 and T6 refer to the keys for heat treatment according to DIN EN 515.

Durch die Beschränkung der Prozessdauer des Fertigwalzens für ein Aluminiumwarmbandelement auf einen Zeitraum von < 60 s wird vermieden, dass sich Ausscheidungen bilden.By limiting the process time of finish rolling for an aluminium hot strip element to a period of < 60 s, the formation of precipitations is avoided.

Die vorstehende Aufgabe wird ebenso gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Warmwalzen eines Aluminiumwarmbandes aus einer AlMg-Legierung der AA5xxx-Gruppe, z.B. AA5052, in einer Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße, umfassend die Schritte

  • Erwärmen eines Aluminiumlegierungsblockes bestehend aus einer AlMg-Legierung der AA5xxx-Gruppe auf eine Temperatur von 450 °C bis 550 °C,
  • Vorwalzen des Aluminiumlegierungsblockes zu einem Aluminium-Warmband mit einer Dicke von 20 mm bis 50 mm in einer Vorstraße der Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße in einem Temperaturbereich oberhalb von 400 °C,
  • Walzen des Aluminium-Warmbandes in einer mehrgerüstigen Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße der Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße mit aktivierten Zwischenkühlungen zwischen den Tandemgerüsten der Fertigwalzstraße derart, dass während der letzten zwei Walzstiche in einem Temperaturbereich zwischen 250 °C und 300 °C eine Umformrate zwischen 30 % und 50 % und eine gewünschten Warmbanddicke zwischen 2 mm und 8 mm erreicht wird,
  • Besäumen des Warmbandes und
  • Aufhaspeln des Aluminium-Warmbandes mit oder ohne Einsatz der Kühlstrecke, wobei der Prozess des Fertigwalzens eines Bandelementes in einem Zeitraum von < 60 s durchgeführt wird.
The above object is also achieved by a method for hot rolling an aluminum hot strip made of an AlMg alloy of the AA5xxx group, e.g. AA5052, in an aluminum hot strip rolling mill, comprising the steps
  • Heating an aluminium alloy block consisting of an AlMg alloy of the AA5xxx group to a temperature of 450 °C to 550 °C,
  • Pre-rolling the aluminium alloy block into an aluminium hot strip with a thickness of 20 mm to 50 mm in a roughing line of the aluminium hot strip rolling mill in a temperature range above 400 °C,
  • Rolling the aluminium hot strip in a multi-stand tandem finishing mill of the aluminium hot strip rolling mill with activated intermediate cooling between the tandem stands of the finishing mill such that during the last two rolling passes in a temperature range between 250 °C and 300 °C a forming rate of between 30 % and 50 % and a desired hot strip thickness of between 2 mm and 8 mm is achieved,
  • Trimming the hot strip and
  • Coiling of the aluminium hot strip with or without the use of the cooling section, whereby the process of finish rolling of a strip element is carried out in a period of < 60 s.

Hierdurch läßt sich ein Aluminium Warmband erzeugen, das schon nach dem Warmwalzen einen Festigkeitswert erreicht, der einer H2 oder H3 Spezifikation entspricht, ohne einen Kaltwalzprozess durchzuführen.This makes it possible to produce an aluminium hot strip that already achieves a strength value after hot rolling that corresponds to an H2 or H3 specification, without having to carry out a cold rolling process.

Die geringe Walzzeit je Bandelement von weniger als 60 s ermöglicht eine Reduzierung des Rekristalisationsvorgangs zwischen den letzten Stichen des Walzprozesses.The short rolling time per strip element of less than 60 s enables a reduction in the recrystallization process between the last passes of the rolling process.

Besonders zweckmäßig lässt sich dieses Verfahren in einer Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße durchführen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich in Ausgestaltung daher weiterhin dadurch aus, dass es in einer Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße nach einem der Ansprüche 1-3 durchgeführt wird.This method can be carried out particularly expediently in an aluminum hot strip rolling mill. The method according to the invention is therefore further characterized in that it is carried out in an aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to one of claims 1-3.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht die vorteilhafte Anwendung der erzeugten Aluminiumwarmbänder, in Bauteilen eines Fahrwerks oder Strukturteils oder eines im Kraftfahrzeug-, Flugzeug-, oder Schienenfahrzeugbau verwendeten Bleches insbesondere als Komponente, Fahrwerksteil, Außen- oder Innenblech im Kraftfahrzeugbau, vorzugsweise als Karosseriebauelement.The invention enables the advantageous use of the produced hot-rolled aluminum strips in components of a chassis or structural part or of a sheet used in motor vehicle, aircraft or rail vehicle construction, in particular as a component, chassis part, outer or inner sheet in motor vehicle construction, preferably as a bodywork component.

Die Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand einer Zeichnung beispielhaft näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in

Fig. 1
in schematischer Darstellung den Fertigwalzstraßenbereich einer erfindungsgemäßen Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße,
Fig. 2
in schematischer Darstellung Einzelheiten der Bandtrocknung der Fertigwalzstraße nach Fig. 1,
Fig.3
den Fertigwalzstraßenbereich einer erfindungsgemäß nachgerüsteten Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße,
Fig. 4
in schematischer Darstellung einen mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße realisierbaren Temperatur-Zeit-Pfad (Abkühlungskurve) im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik,
Fig. 5
in schematischer Darstellung einen in einer viergerüstigen Tandem Fertigwalzstraße einer erfindungsgemäßen Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße realisierbaren Temperatur-Zeit-Pfad (Abkühlkurve) ohne im Auslaufbereich aktivierte Kühlstrecke im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik und in
Fig. 6
schematisch eine Prozesssteuerung.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing. This shows in
Fig.1
in schematic representation the finishing rolling mill area of an aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention,
Fig.2
in schematic representation details of the strip drying of the finishing rolling mill according to Fig.1 ,
Fig.3
the finishing mill area of an aluminium hot strip rolling mill retrofitted according to the invention,
Fig.4
in schematic representation a temperature-time path (cooling curve) that can be realized with an aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention in comparison with the prior art,
Fig.5
in schematic representation a temperature-time path (cooling curve) that can be realized in a four-stand tandem finishing mill of an aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention without a cooling section activated in the run-out area in comparison with the prior art and in
Fig.6
schematic of a process control.

Die Figur 1 zeigt den Tandem-Fertigwalzstraßenbereich einer erfindungsgemäßen Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße mit einer vier Tandemgerüste 1 umfassenden mehrgerüstigen Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße 2, einem Vorbandkühler 3 im Einlaufbereich der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße 2 und einer zugeordneten Kühlstrecke 4 im Auslaufbereich der Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße. Zwischen den einzelnen Tandemwalzgerüsten 1 sind Zwischengerüstkühlungen 5 angeordnet. In Walzrichtung hinter der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße 2 und vor der Kühlstrecke 4 ist eine Besäumschere 6 angeordnet und in Walzrichtung hinter der Kühlstrecke 4 und vor einer das gewalzte Aluminium-Warmband 7 aufnehmenden Aufrollhaspel 8 ist eine Bandtrocknung 9 angeordnet. Zwischen der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße 2 und der Besäumschere 6 sind Messgeräte oder Messeinrichtungen 10 angeordnet, mit welchen die Bandtemperatur(en), Bandgeschwindigkeit(en), Bandoberfläche(n) oder ähnliches erfasst werden können. Diese Messgeräte oder Messeinrichtungen 10 stehen in Wirkverbindung mit einer lediglich in Fig. 6 schematisch dargestellten Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung 11, mit welcher unabhängig voneinander die Tandemwalzgerüste 1, insbesondere die Walzgeschwindigkeit, die Kühlstrecke 4 sowie die Zwischengerüstkühlungen 5 und gewünschtenfalls die Vorbandkühlung 3 sowie die Bandtrocknung 9 gesteuert und geregelt werden können. Die unabhängige Steuerung und Regelung der einzelnen Kühlvorrichtungen besteht beispielsweise darin, dass eine Aktivierung oder Deaktivierung sowie der auf das Aluminium-Warmband 7 abgegebene Kühlmediummassenfluss von Vorbandkühler 3, insbesondere aber Zwischengerüstkühlungen 5 und Kühlstrecke 4, unabhängig voneinander und unabhängig von der Steuerung der Walzgeschwindigkeit erfolgen kann. Damit ist es möglich, unabhängig voneinander die Walzgeschwindigkeit, die Zwischengerüstkühlungen 5, die Endwalztemperatur und die Haspeltemperatur an den jeweils zu walzenden Aluminium-Warmbandwerkstoff aus einer Aluminiumlegierung individuell angepasst und unabhängig voneinander einzustellen und einzuregeln. Die vor der Aufrollhaspel 8 angeordnete Bandtrocknung 9 ermöglicht es, nach dem Durchlauf der Kühlstrecke 4 noch auf der Oberfläche des Aluminium-Warmbandes 7 befindliches Kühlmedium zu entfernen und somit Oberflächenfehlern vorzubeugen. Die Kühlstrecke 4 und die Zwischenkühlungen 5 sind als laminare Bandkühlung oder als Spritzkühlung ausgebildet. Bevorzugtes Kühlmedium sind eine (übliche) Walzemulsion oder demineralisiertes Wasser.The Figure 1 shows the tandem finishing mill area of an aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention with a multi-stand tandem finishing mill 2 comprising four tandem stands 1, a pre-strip cooler 3 in the entry area of the tandem finishing mill 2 and an associated cooling section 4 in the exit area of the aluminum hot strip rolling mill. Intermediate stand cooling systems 5 are arranged between the individual tandem rolling stands 1. In the rolling direction behind the tandem finishing mill 2 and in front of the cooling section 4 there is a trimming shear 6 and in the rolling direction behind the cooling section 4 and in front of a coiler 8 that receives the rolled aluminum hot strip 7 there is a strip dryer 9. Between the tandem finishing mill 2 and the trimming shear 6 there are measuring devices or measuring equipment 10 with which the strip temperature(s), strip speed(s), strip surface(s) or the like can be recorded. These measuring instruments or measuring devices 10 are in operative connection with a Fig.6 schematically illustrated control and/or regulating device 11, with which the tandem rolling stands 1, in particular the rolling speed, the cooling section 4 and the inter-stand cooling systems 5 and, if desired, the pre-strip cooling system 3 and the strip drying system 9 can be controlled and regulated independently of one another. The independent control and regulation of the individual cooling devices consists, for example, in the fact that activation or deactivation as well as the cooling medium mass flow delivered to the aluminum hot strip 7 from the pre-strip cooler 3, but in particular the inter-stand cooling systems 5 and the cooling section 4, can take place independently of one another and independently of the control of the rolling speed. This makes it possible to individually adapt the rolling speed, the inter-stand cooling systems 5, the final rolling temperature and the coiler temperature to the aluminum hot strip material made of an aluminum alloy that is to be rolled and to set and regulate them independently of one another. The strip dryer 9 arranged in front of the winding reel 8 makes it possible to remove any cooling medium still present on the surface of the hot aluminum strip 7 after it has passed through the cooling section 4, thus preventing surface defects. The cooling section 4 and the intermediate cooling systems 5 are designed as laminar strip cooling or as spray cooling. The preferred cooling medium is a (standard) rolling emulsion or demineralized water.

Der Fig. 2 ist zu entnehmen, dass die Bandtrocknung 9 Trocknungseinrichtungen und Kühlmediumabführeinrichtungen in Form eines Fängers mit Gegenabspritzung 12, einer Gegenabspritzung 13, sogenannten Air Knifes 14 und einer Absaugung 15 aufweist.The Fig.2 It can be seen that the belt dryer 9 has drying devices and cooling medium discharge devices in the form of a catcher with counter-spray 12, a counter-spray 13, so-called air knives 14 and an extraction system 15.

Der Fig. 3 ist zu entnehmen, dass auch bestehende Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraßen ohne weiteres mit der erfindungsgemäßen Kühlmöglichkeit nachgerüstet werden können, wozu es lediglich notwendig ist, den Auslaufbereich gegebenenfalls zu verlängern und eine zunächst vorhandene Aufrollhaspel 8' an die Position der Aufrollhaspel 8 zu versetzen, so dass Platz für die Kühlstrecke 4 und die Bandtrocknung 9 geschaffen wird, oder die Aufrollhaspel 8 zusätzlich zur Aufrollhaspel 8' vorzusehen. Zwischen den Tandemgerüsten 1 der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße 2 werden die Zwischenkühlungen 5 nachgerüstet und gewünschtenfalls wird einlaufseitig der Vorbandkühler 3 angeordnet.The Fig.3 It can be seen that existing aluminum hot strip rolling mills can also be easily retrofitted with the cooling option according to the invention, for which it is only necessary to extend the run-out area if necessary and to move an initially existing coiler 8' to the position of the coiler 8 so that space is created for the cooling section 4 and the strip dryer 9, or to provide the coiler 8 in addition to the coiler 8'. The intermediate cooling systems 5 are retrofitted between the tandem stands 1 of the tandem finishing mill 2 and, if desired, the pre-strip cooler 3 is arranged on the inlet side.

Den in der Fig. 4 dargestellten Abkühlkurven oder Temperatur-Zeit-Pfaden ist zu entnehmen, dass mit der Erfindung im Bereich der mehrgerüstigen Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße 2 der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße eine deutlich schneller Abkühlung - und auch temperaturabhängig gezielt erfolgende - Abkühlung des Aluminium-Warmbandes 7 möglich ist. Während die Abkühlung in einer erfindungsgemäß ausgestatteten Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße 2 innerhalb einer Minute oder innerhalb von 60 s und dies zudem auf eine deutlich tiefere Temperatur möglich ist, lässt sich dies bei Anlagen nach dem Stand der Technik nicht erreichen. Der Fig. 4 ist zu entnehmen, dass ein Aluminium-Warmband 7 nach dem Vorwalzen in der Vorwalzstraße der Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße sich bei aktiviertem Vorbandkühler 3, aktivierten Zwischengerüstkühlungen 5 und aktivierter Kühlstrecke 4 zunächst deutlich schneller auf die Endwalztemperatur im Bereich zwischen 300 °C und 360 °C auswalzen und dann auf die Haspeltemperatur im Bereich von < 200 °C bis < 250 °C abkühlen lässt, bevor das Aluminium-Warmband 7 auf die Aufrollhaspel 8 aufgewickelt und dort der weiteren Abkühlung überlassen wird.The one in the Fig.4 From the cooling curves or temperature-time paths shown, it can be seen that the invention enables significantly faster cooling - and also targeted cooling depending on the temperature - of the aluminum hot strip 7 in the area of the multi-stand tandem finishing mill 2 of the aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention. While cooling in a tandem finishing mill 2 equipped according to the invention is possible within one minute or within 60 s and also to a significantly lower temperature, this cannot be achieved in systems according to the state of the art. The Fig.4 It can be seen that an aluminum hot strip 7 after rough rolling in the roughing mill of the aluminum hot strip rolling mill can, with the roughing strip cooler 3, the inter-stand cooling 5 and the cooling section 4 activated, initially be rolled out significantly more quickly to the final rolling temperature in the range between 300 °C and 360 °C and then cooled to the coiling temperature in the range of < 200 °C to < 250 °C before the aluminum hot strip 7 is wound onto the winding coiler 8 and left there for further cooling.

In Fig. 5 ist nochmals der Effekt der Zwischenkühlungen 5 in der viergerüstigen Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße 2 dargestellt, wobei auf die Aktivierung und die Einwirkung der Kühlstrecke 4 im Auslaufbereich auf den Temperatur-Zeit-Pfad vor dem Aufwickeln des Aluminium-Warmbandes 7 auf die Aufrollhaspel 8 und dem Abkühlen im Bund verzichtet wird. Der Verlauf der Abkühlkurve oder des Temperatur-Zeit-Pfades ohne Zwischengerüstkühlung ist als durchgezogene Linie dargestellt und die Abkühlkurve bzw. der Temperatur-Zeit-Pfad mit aktivierter Zwischengerüstkühlung ist als gestrichelte Linie dargestellt. Aus den Fig. 4 und 5 ist ersichtlich, wie sich der Abkühlprozess des zu walzenden und gewalzten Aluminium-Warmbandes 7 gezielt steuern lässt, so dass je nach gewünschtem Ergebnis in Bezug auf Kornfeinheit legierungsabhängig die einzelnen Kühleinrichtungen 3, 4 und 5 aktiviert genutzt werden können oder deaktiviert ungenutzt bleiben können.In Fig.5 the effect of the intermediate cooling 5 in the four-stand tandem finishing mill 2 is shown again, whereby the activation and the effect of the cooling section 4 in the run-out area on the temperature-time path before the aluminum hot strip 7 is wound onto the coiler 8 and cooled in the coil is omitted. The course of the cooling curve or the temperature-time path without intermediate stand cooling is shown as a solid line and the cooling curve or the temperature-time path with activated inter-stand cooling is shown as a dashed line. From the Fig.4 and 5 it is clear how the cooling process of the hot-rolled aluminum strip 7 to be rolled can be controlled in a targeted manner, so that depending on the desired result in terms of grain fineness, the individual cooling devices 3, 4 and 5 can be activated and used, or deactivated and can remain unused.

Die Fig. 6 zeigt schematisch die Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung 11, auf welche die mit den Messgeräten oder Messeinrichtungen 10 ermittelten Messwerte, die das Walzergebnis und den Zustand des Walzprozesses repräsentieren, rückgemeldet bzw. rückgekoppelt werden (Feedback). Diese Meßwerte fließen dann auch in das in der Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung 11 hinterlegte technologische Prozessmodell 16 ein. Dieses in der Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung 11 hinterlegte und abgebildete technologische Prozessmodell 16 ist derart aufgebaut, dass es die Veränderungen des Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten während der Abkühlung des Aluminium-Warmbandes 7 berücksichtigt und in die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorgänge einbindet. Ebenso berücksichtigt das technologische Prozessmodell 16 die Rückwirkung des jeweiligen Temperaturniveaus des Aluminium-Warmbandes 7 während der einzelnen Stiche in den Tandemgerüsten 1 der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße 2 auf die Reibung zwischen der Walzemulsion oder den jeweiligen Walzen und das jeweilige Aluminium-Warmbandmaterial und bindet dies in die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorgänge ein. Wie der Fig. 6 zu entnehmen ist, wirkt das technologische Prozessmodell 16 auf die Voreinstellung (Setup) der einzelnen Einrichtungen der Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße und insbesondere den hier dargestellten Bereich der Tandem-Fertigwalzstraße 2 mit Vorbandkühler 3, Zwischenkühlungen 5 und zugeordneter Kühlstrecke 4 sowie der Bandtrocknung 9 ein, indem es Regelungs- und/oder Steuerungssignale erzeugt, die dann mittels der Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung 11 den jeweiligen Einrichtungen, wie Tandemgerüsten 1, Vorbandkühler 3, Kühlstrecke 4, Zwischenkühlungen 5 und Bandtrocknung 9, übermittelt werden. Bestandteil der Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung 11 ist ein nicht näher dargestellter Prozessrechner, in dem das technologische Prozessmodell 16 abgelegt ist und der die Einstellung der gewünschten Temperatur-Zeit-Pfade und der Regelungseinrichtung steuert. Die Kühleinrichtungen 3, 4 und 5 können derart ausgelegt sein, dass sie breitenabhängig in Bezug auf das gewalzte Aluminium-Warmband 7 regelbar sind.The Fig.6 shows schematically the control and/or regulating device 11, to which the measured values determined with the measuring devices or measuring devices 10, which represent the rolling result and the state of the rolling process, are reported back or fed back (feedback). These measured values then also flow into the technological process model 16 stored in the control and/or regulating device 11. This technological process model 16 stored and displayed in the control and/or regulating device 11 is constructed in such a way that it takes into account the changes in the heat transfer coefficient during the cooling of the aluminum hot strip 7 and integrates them into the control and/or regulating processes. The technological process model 16 also takes into account the effect of the respective temperature level of the hot aluminum strip 7 during the individual passes in the tandem stands 1 of the tandem finishing mill 2 on the friction between the rolling emulsion or the respective rolls and the respective hot aluminum strip material and incorporates this into the control and/or regulation processes. Fig.6 As can be seen, the technological process model 16 influences the presetting (setup) of the individual devices of the aluminum hot strip rolling mill and in particular the area of the tandem finishing mill 2 shown here with pre-strip cooler 3, intermediate cooling 5 and associated cooling section 4 as well as the strip dryer 9 by generating control and/or regulation signals which are then transmitted to the respective devices, such as tandem stands 1, pre-strip cooler 3, cooling section 4, intermediate cooling 5 and strip dryer 9, by means of the control and/or regulation device 11. Part of the control and/or regulation device 11 is a process computer (not shown in detail), in which the technological process model 16 is stored and which controls the setting of the desired temperature-time paths and the regulation device. The cooling devices 3, 4 and 5 can be designed in such a way that they can be regulated depending on the width in relation to the rolled aluminum hot strip 7.

Insbesondere ist es mit der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße möglich, individuelle, spezielle und ggf. legierungsabhängige Zeitpfade in Bezug auf die Temperatur und/oder die in den Tandemgerüsten 1 eingestellten Umformraten einzustellen und zu fahren, um ein jeweils gewünschtes Ergebnis bezüglich des sich in der jeweiligen Aluminiumlegierung des gewalzten Aluminiumwarmbandes einstellenden Gefüges und der dadurch bestimmten Werkstoffeigenschaft und/oder Festigkeit zu erhalten. Es ist daher möglich, an der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße unabhängig voneinander eine Steuerung der Umformung, der (Abkühl-)Zeit und der Temperatur ohne Produktionseinbußen durchzuführen. Vielmehr ist sogar eine Produktionssteigerung in Bezug auf vergleichbare Fertigwalzstraßen nach dem Stand der Technik möglich. Für jede einsetzbare Aluminiumlegierung lassen sich solche Bedingungen einstellen, dass die Ausscheidungen im Walzprodukt fein verteilt vorliegen. Hierdurch können deutlich bessere Gleichmaßdehnungswerte erzielt werden. Die Bildung von großen Ausscheidungen kann dadurch verhindert werden, dass nach der Warmumformung das Aluminium-Warmband 7 schnell in einem Temperaturbereich < 200 °C bis < 250 °C gekühlt wird, in dem Diffusionsvorgänge nicht oder nur noch stark verlangsamt stattfinden. Die Zwischengerüstkühlungen 5 sind besonders vorteilhaft einsetzbar, wenn die Rekristallisation bei relativ niedrigen Temperaturen nur noch partiell oder nicht mehr erfolgt und somit durch die verbleibende Deformationsenergie die Aktivierungsenergie für die Rekristallisation im aufgehaspelten Bund auf der Aufrollhaspel 8 kumuliert werden kann. In particular, the aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention makes it possible to set and run individual, special and possibly alloy-dependent time paths in relation to the temperature and/or the forming rates set in the tandem stands 1 in order to obtain a desired result in each case with regard to the structure established in the respective aluminum alloy of the rolled aluminum hot strip and the material properties and/or strength determined thereby. It is therefore possible to control the forming, the (cooling) time and the temperature independently of one another on the aluminum hot strip rolling mill according to the invention without any loss of production. In fact, it is even possible to increase production in relation to comparable finishing rolling mills according to the state of the art. For each aluminum alloy that can be used, conditions can be set such that the precipitations are finely distributed in the rolled product. This makes it possible to achieve significantly better uniform elongation values. The formation of large precipitates can be prevented by rapidly cooling the hot-rolled aluminum strip 7 after hot forming in a temperature range of < 200 °C to < 250 °C, in which diffusion processes do not occur or only occur at a much slower rate. The inter-stand cooling systems 5 can be used particularly advantageously when recrystallization only occurs partially or no longer at relatively low temperatures and the activation energy for recrystallization in the coiled coil on the winding reel 8 can thus be accumulated by the remaining deformation energy.

Claims (6)

  1. Aluminium hot-strip rolling train for carrying out rolling of pre-rolled aluminium hot strip (7) in a multi-stand tandem finishing rolling train in accordance with the method according to claim 4 and 4, comprising a multi-stand tandem finishing rolling train (2) with at least one reeling-up coiler (8) downstream in rolling direction and at least one associated cooling path (4), wherein the at least one cooling path (4) is arranged in the outlet region of the aluminium hot-strip rolling train and an intermediate stand cooling means (5) is arranged between at least two roll stands (1) of the multi-stand tandem finishing rolling train (2) as well as a pre-strip cooler (3) is arranged in the inlet region of the tandem finishing rolling train (2),
    wherein the tandem finishing rolling train (2) is associated with at least one trimming shears (6) downstream in rolling direction and a strip drying means (9) comprising a drying device and/or cooling medium discharge devices is arranged behind the cooling path (4) in rolling direction and in front of the reeling-up coiler (8),
    and wherein the aluminium hot-strip rolling train comprises a controlling and/or regulating device (11) which controls the roll stands (1) and the cooling path (4) as well as the intermediate stand cooling means (5) independently of one another and adapts the rolling speed, the intermediate stand cooling means (5), the final rolling temperature and the coiler temperature to the respective aluminium hot-strip material and sets and regulates these independently of one another, wherein a process model (16) is filed and reproduced in the controlling and/or regulating device (11), which process model takes into consideration the changes in the thermal transfer coefficient during cooling down of the aluminium hot strip (7) and the reaction of the respective temperature level of the aluminium hot strip (7) during the individual passes in the stands (1) of the tandem finishing rolling train (2) to the friction between the respective rolls and the respective aluminium hot-strip material and is incorporated in the controlling and/or regulating processes of the tandem finishing rolling train (2) with pre-strip cooler (3), intermediate stand cooling means (5), cooling path (4) and strip drying means (9),
    and wherein the aluminium hot-strip rolling train is arranged for a hot rolling of pre-rolled aluminium hot strip (7) in the multi-stand tandem finishing rolling train (2) with activated intermediate cooling means (5) between the tandem stands (1) of the finishing rolling train (2) in such a way that, in the rolling in the tandem finishing rolling train (2) of an aluminium hot strip (7), which is pre-rolled at a temperature above 400° C in a roughing train to a thickness of 20 millimetres to 50 millimetres from an aluminium billet of an AlMgSi alloy of the AA6xxx group heated to a temperature of 490° C to 570° C, during the last two rolling passes in a temperature range between 300° C and 370° C a conversion rate between 30% and 50% and a desired hot-strip thickness between 2 millimetres and 6 millimetres and a cooling down of the aluminium hot strip (7) in the outlet of the aluminium hot-strip rolling train by means of the cooling path (4) to a coiler temperature of < 250° C, preferably to a coiler temperature of 150° C to 230° C, are achieved,
    or that in the rolling in the tandem finishing rolling train (2) of an aluminium hot strip (7), which is pre-rolled at a temperature above 400° C in a roughing train to a thickness of 20 millimetres to 50 millimetres from an aluminium billet of an AlMg alloy of the AA5xxx group heated to a temperature of 450° C to 550° C, during the last two rolling passes in a temperature range between 250° C and 300° C a conversion rate between 30% and 50% and a desired hot-strip thickness between 2 millimetres and 8 millimetres and a cooling down of the aluminium hot strip (7) in the outlet of the aluminium hot-strip rolling train by means of the cooling path (4) to a coiler temperature of < 250° C, preferably to a coiler temperature of 150° C to 230° C, are achieved,
    wherein the process of finishing rolling of the aluminium hot strip (7) of an AIMgSi alloy of the AA6xxx group and the process of finishing rolling of the aluminium hot strip (7) of an AlMg alloy of the AA5xxx group in the tandem finishing rolling train (2) are respectively carried out in a time period of < 60 seconds.
  2. Aluminium hot-strip rolling train according to claim 1, characterised in that the cooling path (4) and the intermediate stand cooling means (5) are constructed as laminar strip cooling means or as spray cooling means.
  3. Aluminium hot-strip rolling train according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the cooling path (4) and the intermediate cooling means (5) are acted on by a rolling emulsion or demineralised water as cooling medium.
  4. Method of hot-rolling an aluminium hot strip (7) of an AIMgSi alloy of the AA6xxx group in an aluminium hot-strip rolling train, comprising the steps:
    - heating an aluminium alloy billet of an AlMgSi alloy of the AA6xxx group to a temperature of 490° C to 570° C,
    - pre-rolling the aluminium alloy billet to form an aluminium hot strip with a thickness of 20 millimetres to 50 millimetres in a roughing train of the aluminium hot-strip rolling train in a temperature range above 400° C,
    - rolling the aluminium hot strip (7) in a multi-stand tandem finishing rolling train (2) of the aluminium hot-strip rolling train with activated intermediate cooling means (5) between the tandem stands (1) of the finishing rolling train (2) in such a way that during the last two rolling passes in a temperature range between 300° C and 370° C a conversion rate between 30% and 50% and a desired hot-strip thickness between 2 millimetres and 6 millimetres are achieved,
    - trimming the hot strip and
    - cooling down the aluminium hot strip in the outlet of the aluminium hot-strip rolling train by means of a cooling path (4) to a coiler temperature of < 250° C, preferably to a coiler temperature of 150° C to 230° C,
    wherein the process of finishing rolling is carried out in the multi-stand tandem finishing rolling train (2) in a time period of < 60 seconds.
  5. Method of hot-rolling an aluminium hot strip (7) of an AIMg alloy of the AA5xxx group in an aluminium hot-strip rolling train, comprising the steps:
    - heating an aluminium alloy billet of an AlMg alloy of the AA5xxx group to a temperature of 450° C to 550° C,
    - pre-rolling the aluminium alloy billet to form an aluminium hot strip with a thickness of 20 millimetres to 50 millimetres in a roughing train of the aluminium hot-strip rolling train in a temperature range above 400° C,
    - rolling the aluminium hot strip (7) in a multi-stand tandem finishing rolling train (2) of the aluminium hot-strip rolling train with activated intermediate cooling means (5) between the tandem stands (1) of the finishing rolling train (2) in such a way that during the last two rolling passes in a temperature range between 250° C and 300° C a conversion rate between 30% and 50% and a desired hot-strip thickness between 2 millimetres and 8 millimetres are achieved,
    - trimming the hot strip and
    - cooling down the aluminium hot strip in the outlet of the aluminium hot-strip rolling train, preferably by means of a cooling path (4), preferably to a coiler temperature of < 250° C, particularly to a coiler temperature of 150° C to 230° C, and coiling the aluminium hot strip,
    wherein the process of finishing rolling is carried out in the multi-stand tandem finishing rolling train (2) in a time period of < 60 seconds.
  6. Method according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that it is carried out in an aluminium hot-strip rolling train according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
EP14766186.2A 2013-10-25 2014-09-16 Aluminum hot strip rolling train and method for hot rolling an aluminum hot strip Active EP3060358B2 (en)

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DE201310221710 DE102013221710A1 (en) 2013-10-25 2013-10-25 Aluminum hot strip rolling mill and method for hot rolling an aluminum hot strip
PCT/EP2014/069724 WO2015058902A1 (en) 2013-10-25 2014-09-16 Aluminum hot strip rolling train and method for hot rolling an aluminum hot strip

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CN105848797A (en) 2016-08-10
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US20160256906A1 (en) 2016-09-08
DE102013221710A1 (en) 2015-04-30
EP3060358A1 (en) 2016-08-31
US10384248B2 (en) 2019-08-20
JP2016533901A (en) 2016-11-04
KR20160072231A (en) 2016-06-22
MX368535B (en) 2019-10-07
ZA201602660B (en) 2017-06-28
CN105848797B (en) 2018-09-11
MX2016005282A (en) 2016-08-08

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