EP3058039A1 - Wässrige beschichtungszusammensetzung sowie herstellung von decklackschichten unter einsatz der beschichtungszusammensetzung - Google Patents

Wässrige beschichtungszusammensetzung sowie herstellung von decklackschichten unter einsatz der beschichtungszusammensetzung

Info

Publication number
EP3058039A1
EP3058039A1 EP14753091.9A EP14753091A EP3058039A1 EP 3058039 A1 EP3058039 A1 EP 3058039A1 EP 14753091 A EP14753091 A EP 14753091A EP 3058039 A1 EP3058039 A1 EP 3058039A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating composition
polymer
composition according
aqueous coating
groups
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14753091.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Frank JÖGE
Margarete ROHLMANN
Edmund HESS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF Coatings GmbH
Original Assignee
BASF Coatings GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF Coatings GmbH filed Critical BASF Coatings GmbH
Priority to EP14753091.9A priority Critical patent/EP3058039A1/de
Publication of EP3058039A1 publication Critical patent/EP3058039A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D167/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C09D175/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
    • B05D3/0466—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being a non-reacting gas
    • B05D3/0473—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being a non-reacting gas for heating, e.g. vapour heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/42—Applications of coated or impregnated materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/4236—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups
    • C08G18/4238—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups derived from dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/67—Unsaturated compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/675—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/75—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic
    • C08G18/751—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring
    • C08G18/752—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
    • C08G18/753—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
    • C08G18/755—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate

Definitions

  • Aqueous coating composition and preparation of topcoat layers using the coating composition are described.
  • the present invention relates to an aqueous coating composition
  • an aqueous coating composition comprising a first polymer (A) as a binder, a crosslinking agent (B) and a polymer (C) other than the polymer (A) as a second binder, which is obtained by copolymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a polymerizable carbon Double bond polyurethane resin is available.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing the aqueous coating composition and to a method for producing a topcoat layer on a metallic substrate using the aqueous coating composition.
  • the present invention relates to a coated metallic substrate which has been coated by the process according to the invention for producing a topcoat.
  • metallic substrates to be coated are in particular emballments, that is to say packaging containers, in particular food packaging.
  • Metallic packaging containers for example, cans such as beverage cans and cans, tubes, canisters, pails, and the like, generally have on their exterior paints that serve, for example, decorative design, corrosion protection, and protection against mechanical stress on packaging containers.
  • a printing ink for applying lettering or the like is applied to this topcoat, and in particular a good abrasion resistance must be mentioned with regard to the tasks to be performed, since the packings, in particular cans, are exposed to a high mechanical load, for example during storage and transport and the inevitable friction between them Smooth surface structure, especially the avoidance of painting defects such as stoves and a high gloss.
  • the reason for this is, for example, that the subsequently applied ink can adhere better to the coating in this way. Because with an incomplete curing and thus not very high crosslinking density of the coating, the ink can migrate to a paint layer on the one hand. On the other hand, if the printing ink also contains typical and also below-described polymers with functional groups for crosslinking, these react with uncrosslinked complementary functional groups in the paint layer. These processes evidently lead to better adhesion of the printing ink.
  • DE 196 37 970 A1 discloses a coating agent for coating packaging material, wherein a single-layer exterior coating is built up on the packaging material by the coating agent.
  • the coating composition contains a combination of a hydroxy-functional polyester and a water-dilutable modified epoxy resin ester.
  • the achieved technological properties of the fully cured coating for example, in terms of flow, printability and abrasion resistance are acceptable.
  • the abrasion resistance of the exterior paint without complete curing is in need of improvement, the underlying problem is not addressed and was not recognized.
  • WO 91/15528 discloses an aqueous basecoat for the construction of multicoat paint systems on automobile bodies, comprising, in addition to the basecoat, a clearcoat applied thereto.
  • the basecoat contains as main binder a polymer which is obtainable by copolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a polymerizable carbon double bond-containing polyurethane resin.
  • the basecoat is characterized, for example, by the fact that after only a short time it can be overcoated with an aqueous or conventional clearcoat in the wet-on-wet process without disturbing the basecoat film. A reference to the technical field of Emballagenbe Anlagenung is not given.
  • An advantage would be a coating composition that no longer has the disadvantages of the prior art, but that can be optimally used as an outer or topcoat for the Emballagenlackmaschine and in particular means that despite an incomplete separate bake or hardening process of this exterior paint a increased abrasion resistance of the corresponding paint results. It is of course not necessary that the abrasion resistance is of the order of magnitude of an actually completely cured coating. Rather, it is a matter of significantly improving the abrasion resistance in relation to the very low abrasion resistance of incompletely cured coatings of the prior art, thereby reducing the above-described, although not excessive, but at least existing mechanical To be able to withstand requirements during the manufacturing process. At the same time, the coating composition should have a watery character to meet today's requirements for the ecological profile of a paint. Task and solution
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide an aqueous coating composition which, compared with the known coating compositions when used for the production of topcoat films on metallic substrates, in particular embossed coatings, has improved abrasion resistance of these topcoat films, in particular of the incompletely cured topcoat film.
  • a coating composition should be provided, which in particular meets the mechanical requirements in the production of Emballagen goods.
  • (C) at least one copolymer as a second binder, which is obtainable by copolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a polymerizable carbon double bonds polyurethane resin, and which is characterized in that the weight ratio of the polymer (A) to the polymer (C) greater than 3 , 0 is.
  • the new coating composition is also referred to below as the coating composition according to the invention. Preferred embodiments of the coating composition according to the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description which follows.
  • the present invention further provides a process for producing a topcoat on a metallic substrate using the coating composition according to the invention, comprising the application and subsequent curing of the coating composition according to the invention on an optionally primed metallic substrate.
  • the present invention relates to a topcoat layer prepared according to the method of the invention and to a metallic substrate coated according to the method of the invention.
  • novel coating composition or the topcoat produced therefrom and the substrate coated with a corresponding topcoat layer exhibit excellent abrasion resistance properties, in particular in the case of the coating which has not yet been fully cured.
  • the coating composition of the invention contains at least one polymer (A) as a binder.
  • Polymers (A) as binders are, for example, random, alternating and / or block-structured linear and / or branched and / or comb-like (co) polymers of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, or polyaddition resins and / or polycondensation resins.
  • binders are, for example, random, alternating and / or block-structured linear and / or branched and / or comb-like (co) polymers of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, or polyaddition resins and / or polycondensation resins.
  • To these terms is in addition to Rompp Lexikon coatings and printing inks, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 1998, page 457, "polyaddition” and “polyaddition resins (polyadducts)", and pages 463 and 464, "polycondensates”, “polycondensation” and “polycondensation resin
  • suitable (co) polymers are (meth) acrylate (co) polymers or partially saponified polyvinyl esters, in particular (meth) acrylate copolymers.
  • suitable polyaddition resins and / or polycondensation resins are polyesters, alkyds, polyurethanes, polylactones, polycarbonates, polyethers, epoxy resins, epoxy resin-amine adducts, polyureas, polyamides, polyimides, polyester-polyurethanes, polyether-polyurethanes or polyester-polyether-polyurethanes.
  • the polymers (A) as binders preferably contain thio, hydroxyl, N-methylolamino-N-alkoxymethylamino, imino, carbamate, allophanate and / or carboxyl groups, preferably hydroxyl and / or carboxyl groups. Via these functional groups, in particular hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, it is then possible for example to crosslink with components which contain further functional groups, such as, preferably, anhydride, carboxyl, epoxy, blocked isocyanate, urethane, methylol, methylol ether, siloxane, Carbonate, amino, hydroxy and / or beta hydroxyalkylamid phenomenon contained take place.
  • the coating composition particularly preferably contains a hydroxy-functional polymer (A) as binder, particularly preferably a hydroxy-functional polyester.
  • a hydroxy-functional polymer (A) as binder, particularly preferably a hydroxy-functional polyester.
  • a polyester containing hydroxyl and carboxyl groups are particularly preferred. It is therefore true that the coating composition in any case, but not necessarily exclusively, contains such a polyester (A) as a binder.
  • the at least one polymer (A) as a binder on the functional groups in particular by the above-described functional groups, preferably hydroxyl groups, most preferably hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, a crosslinking with at least one crosslinking agent also described below (B) containing corresponding complementary functional groups, for example melamine resins, may be formed, thereby forming a cured coating film.
  • the coating composition according to the invention is in particular thermally curable, that is to say by chemical reaction of reactive functional groups as described above, crosslinking may take place (formation of a coating film), the energetic activation of this chemical reaction by thermal energy being possible.
  • binding agent and “crosslinking agent” are used in the context of the present invention for better clarity or for better differentiability. Both terms are known to the person skilled in the art and have a clarifying character to that extent.
  • crosslinking takes place between the functional groups of a polymer as binder and the thus-complementary functional groups of the crosslinking agent.
  • Typical combinations of polymers as binders and crosslinking agents are, for example, hydroxy- and / or carboxy-functional polymers as binders and polyisocyanates and / or aminoplast resins, in particular melamine resins and benzoguanamine resins, ie, adducts containing methylol and / or methylol ether groups, or polycarbodiimides as crosslinking agents.
  • the coating composition is, for example, partially self-crosslinking, that is to say the complementary reactive functional groups are already present in one and the same polymer used as binder and / or the crosslinking agent used.
  • Such a proportionate self-crosslinking also occurs in particular in the case of components which contain methylol, methylol ether and / or N-alkoxymethylamino groups, that is to say for example in the melamine resins described in more detail below.
  • other curing mechanisms such as partial physical cure (that is, curing of a layer of a coating composition by film release by solvent release from the coating composition where the linkage occurs within the coating via looping of the polymer molecules) are not excluded.
  • the coating composition by using a hydroxy-functional polymer (A) as a binder, particularly preferably a hydroxy- and carboxy-functional polymer, preferably a corresponding polyester, in any case foreign crosslinking in addition to a crosslinking agent as described below.
  • a hydroxy-functional polymer (A) as a binder, particularly preferably a hydroxy- and carboxy-functional polymer, preferably a corresponding polyester, in any case foreign crosslinking in addition to a crosslinking agent as described below.
  • polyesters may be saturated or unsaturated, especially saturated. Polyesters and their preparation as well as the components which can be used in this preparation are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • polymers prepared using polyvalent organic polyols and polybasic organic carboxylic acids are polymers prepared using polyvalent organic polyols and polybasic organic carboxylic acids.
  • the polyols and polycarboxylic acids are linked together by esterification, that is to say by condensation reactions. Accordingly, the polyesters are usually assigned to the group of polycondensation resins.
  • linear or branched products are obtained, for example. While linear products mainly arise when using difunctional starting components (diols, dicarboxylic acids), branching is achieved, for example, by the use of higher-functionality alcohols (OH functionality, ie number of OH groups per molecule, greater than 2).
  • Suitable diols are, for example, glycols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, butanediol-1, 4, hexanediol-1, 6, neopentyl glycol, and other diols, such as 1, 4-dimethylolcyclohexane or 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1, 3 propanediol.
  • Suitable higher-functionality alcohols (OH functionality greater than 2) are, for example, trimethylolpropane, glycerol and pentaerythritol.
  • the acid component of a polyester generally comprises dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides having 2 to 44, preferably 4 to 36 carbon atoms in the molecule.
  • Suitable acids are, for example, o-phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, glutaric acid, hexachloroheptanedicarboxylic acid, tetrachlorophthalic acid and / or dimerized fatty acids.
  • their anhydrides if they exist, can also be used.
  • carboxylic acids having 3 or more carboxyl groups for example trimellitic anhydride.
  • monocarboxylic acids, such as unsaturated fatty acids are also used proportionately.
  • Useful hydroxycarboxylic acids are, for example, hydroxycaproic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxydecanoic acid and / or 12-hydroxystearic acid.
  • Useful lactones are, for example, the known beta, gamma, delta and epsilon lactones, in particular epsilon-caprolactone.
  • polymeric starting materials for example as diols
  • polyester diols known per se, which are obtained by reacting a lactone with a dihydric alcohol.
  • the polymers (A) as binders, in particular the polyesters preferably have an OH number of 50 to 250 mg KOH / g, more preferably 70 to 200 mg KOH / g and in particular 90 to 150 mg KOH / g.
  • the OH number is measured in the context of the present invention according to DIN 53240. If reference is made in the context of the present invention to an official standard, this naturally includes the version of the standard applicable at the filing date or, if no valid version at this time, the last valid version.
  • the coating composition according to the invention is aqueous (for description of "aqueous” see below)
  • the polymers (A) as binders, in particular the polyesters are preferably water-soluble or dispersible polymers
  • the polymers In at least proportionately aqueous media, they do not precipitate as insoluble agglomerates, but rather form a solution or finely divided dispersion.
  • the incorporation of potentially ionic groups, in particular potentially anionic groups, preferably carboxyl groups is advantageous or even necessary In particular, this process can be carried out more effectively by specific neutralization of groups capable of forming anions, in particular carboxyl groups, by means of specific neutralization of monomers used in the preparation.
  • these groups are neutralized, for example, in the preparation of the polymers and / or the preparation of the coating composition with neutralizing agents, preferably ammonia, amines and / or in particular amino alcohols.
  • neutralizing agents preferably ammonia, amines and / or in particular amino alcohols.
  • di- and triethylamine, dimethylaminoethanol, diisopropanolamine, morpholines and / or N-alkylmorpholines are used for neutralization.
  • soluble or dispersible in water does not mean that the particular polymer (A) must also be used as an aqueous solution or in aqueous dispersion in the coating composition according to the invention
  • the polymer can also be prepared, for example, in organic solvents or as a dispersion commercially available in organic solvents can be purchased and used in this way in the coating composition according to the invention.
  • water is then also added, as a result of which the aqueous character described in more detail below is produced.
  • the at least one polymer (A), preferably the polyester, preferably has an acid number of 10 to 100 mg KOH / g, preferably 20 to 60 mg KOH / g.
  • the acid number is measured in the context of the present invention in accordance with DIN EN ISO 3682.
  • the preferred carboxylic acid groups may of course also be used for crosslinking with crosslinking agents, in particular melamine resins and benzoguanamine resins, after application of the coating composition according to the invention, and thus contribute to the formation of a crosslinked coating film.
  • Suitable polymers (A) as binders, in particular the polyesters have for example a number-average molecular weight of 500 to 5000 g / mol, preferably 600 to 2000 g / mol.
  • the weight-average molecular weight is, for example, in the range from 1000 to 10000 g / mol, preferably from 1500 to 5000 g / mol.
  • the determination of the molecular weights in the context of the present invention by GPC analysis with THF (+0.1% acetic acid) as eluent (1 ml / min) on a styrene-divinylbenzene column combination. The calibration is performed with polystyrene standards.
  • the content of polymers (A) as binders is preferably 5 to 35% by weight, particularly preferably 7 to 33% by weight, very particularly preferably 10 to 30% by weight and in a particular embodiment 15 to 25% by weight. %, in each case based on the total amount of the coating composition of the invention.
  • the determination of the proportion of polymers (A) or of a particular polymer (A) is as follows: The solids of a binder dispersion of a polymer (A) to be added to the coating composition are determined. By taking into account the solids of the binder dispersion and the amount of dispersion used in the coating composition, the proportion of the polymer (A) in the overall composition can then be determined or determined.
  • the coating composition of the invention contains at least one crosslinking agent (B).
  • Crosslinking agents and their use in coating compositions are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • these are components which have reactive functional groups which are complementary to the reactive functional groups of, for example, the polymers used as binders, for example the polymers (A) or also the polymers (C) described below and can therefore be chemically crosslinked.
  • Crosslinking agents selected from the group consisting of polyisocyanates, aminoplast resins, in particular melamine resins and benzoguanamine resins, and also polycarbodiimides are preferably used in the context of the present invention.
  • Such crosslinking agents contain isocyanate groups or methylol, methylol ether and / or N-alkoxymethylamino groups and also carbodiimide groups as reactive functional groups which react with reactive functional groups of further components, in particular the at least one polymer (A) as binder, preferably a hydroxyl- and carboxyl-containing polymer (A), as described above can crosslink.
  • polyisocyanates are the polyisocyanates known to the person skilled in the art, for example hexamethylene diisocyanate, octamethylene diisocyanate, decamethylene diisocyanate, dodecamethylene diisocyanate, tetradecamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexane diisocyanate, tetramethylhexane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 2-isocyanato-propylcyclohexyl isocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane-2,4'-diisocyanate.
  • diisocyanate dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, 1, 4- or 1, 3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane, 1, 4 or 1, 3 or 1, 2-diisocyanatocyclohexane, 2,4- or 2,6 Diisocyanato-1-methylcyclohexane, diisocyanates derived from dimer fatty acids, such as those sold under the trade name DDI 1410 by Henkel, 1, 8-diisocyanato-4-isocyanatomethyl-octane, 1, 7-diisocyanato-4-isocyanatomethyl-heptane or 1-isocyanato-2- (3-isocyanatopropyl) cyclohexane or tetramethylxylylene diisocyanates (TMXDI) or mixtures of these polyisocyanates.
  • TXDI tetramethylxylylene diisocyanates
  • aminoplast resins among them preferably melamine resins and benzoguanamine resins, and also polycarbodiimides as crosslinking agents.
  • Aminoplast resins are understood to mean the polycondensates of organic carbonyl compounds, in particular formaldehyde, known to the person skilled in the art with amino derivatives of 1,3,5-triazine or urea. In general, the resulting in this condensation methylol groups are still partially or completely etherified with alcohols such as methanol or butanol.
  • the preferred melamine resins are polycondensation resins of melamine (1, 3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine) and a maximum of 6 moles of formaldehyde per mole of melamine.
  • the resulting methylol groups may be completely or partially etherified with one or more alcohols such as preferably methanol and / or butanol.
  • Melamine resins may have different degrees of methylolation and different degrees of etherification, in particular the reactivity of the resins, ie in particular the temperature at which effective crosslinking by reaction with components such as polymers (A) used as a binder containing hydroxyl groups depends on these parameters.
  • the degree of methylolation of a melamine resin describes how many of the possible methylolation sites of the melamine are methylolated, that is, how many of the six total hydrogen atoms of the primary amino groups of the melamine (ie, the 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine) Methylol group are replaced.
  • a fully methylolated mononuclear melamine resin thus has six methylol groups per triazine ring, such as hexamethylolmelamine.
  • the methylol groups may be present etherified independently.
  • the degree of etherification of a melamine resin is understood to mean the proportion of methylol groups of the melamine resin which has been etherified with an alcohol. In a completely etherified melamine resin all existing methylol groups are not free, but etherified with an alcohol.
  • monohydric or polyhydric alcohols are suitable. Monohydric alcohols are preferably used for the etherification. For example, methanol, ethanol, n-butanol, i-butanol or hexanol can be used for etherification. It is also possible to use mixtures of different alcohols, for example a mixture of methanol and n-butanol.
  • Melamine resins may be monomeric (mononuclear) or oligomeric (polynuclear).
  • the term "mononuclear” or “polynuclear” refers to the number of triazine rings per molecule of melamine resin.
  • An example of a mononuclear, fully methylolated and completely butanol etherified melamine resin is hexamethoxybutylmelamine.
  • benzoguanamine resins are also preferably used.
  • benzoguanamine resins the same applies to the described for the melamine resins, in contrast to these instead of the melamine the benzoguanamine is used.
  • the phenyl ring corresponding to the amino group on the triazine ring in exchange for the amino group reduces the reactivity of the resins and increases the pigment affinity, which can be advantageous if necessary. Furthermore, in this way can achieve a hydrophobization of the cured coating.
  • polycarbodiimides are also preferably used as crosslinking agents.
  • catalysts known per se for example, commercially available products such as Desmodur XP 2802 (Bayer) or Picassian XL-702 (Picassian Polymers) can be used.
  • the content of crosslinking agents, in particular polyisocyanates, melamine resins, benzoguanamine resins and / or polycarbodiimides, in the coating composition according to the invention is preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 8% by weight, very particularly preferably 1.5 to 6 Wt .-% and in a particular embodiment 2 to 5 wt .-%, each based on the total amount of the coating composition of the invention.
  • the determination of the proportion of crosslinking agent (B) is carried out analogously to the method described above for the polymer (A) as a binder, that is, based on the solid.
  • the coating composition of the invention contains at least one specific polymer (C) as a binder.
  • the polymer (C) as the second binder is, by definition, a component other than the polymer (A) as a binder and the crosslinking agent (B).
  • the at least one polymer (C) is a copolymer obtainable by copolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a polyurethane resin having polymerizable carbon double bonds. Copolymers which can be used as second binder (C) are known, for example, from WO 91/15528 A and can therefore be readily prepared by the person skilled in the art.
  • the polymer (C) used as the binder preferably has a weight-average molecular weight of from 2 000 to 100 000 g / mol, particularly preferably from 5000 to 80 000 g / mol, very particularly preferably from 15 000 to 60 000 g / mol, in particular of 30,000 to 55,000 g / mol or from 35,000 to 50,000 g / mol.
  • the polymer (C) preferably has a number-average molecular weight of from 100 to 50,000 g / mol, particularly preferably from 1,000 to 40,000 g / mol, very particularly preferably from 2,500 to 25,000 g / mol, in particular from 3,000 to 20 000 g / mol or from 4,000 to 15,000.
  • the polymer (C) has an acid number of 5 to 200, particularly preferably from 10 to 150, very particularly preferably from 15 to 100, in particular from 20 to 50 or from 25 to 40, mg KOH per g of binder (C).
  • the polymer (C) has hydroxyl groups and in particular has an OH number (hydroxyl number) of 5 to 100, particularly preferably from 10 to 90, very particularly preferably from 20 to 80, in particular from 30 to 70 or from 40 to 60, mg KOH per g of binder (C).
  • the polymerizable carbon double bond-containing polyurethane resin for the preparation of the polymer (C) preferably has on a statistical average per molecule from 0.05 to 1.1, preferably 0.2 to 0.9, particularly preferably 0.3 to 0.7 polymerizable carbon Double bonds on. It is preferred that the polyurethane used Resin has an acid number of 0 to 2 mg KOH per g of polyurethane resin. How to prepare such polyurethane resins is known to the person skilled in the art and is also described, for example, in WO 91/15528 A.
  • the polymerizable carbon double bonds polyurethane resin for preparing the polymer (C) is obtainable by reacting at least one polyisocyanate with at least one polyol, more preferably with at least one polyester polyol.
  • polyisocyanate components the polyisocyanates mentioned above in the description of the crosslinking agent (B) can be used.
  • isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is particularly preferably used as the polyisocyanate component for the preparation of the polyurethane resin on which the polymer (C) is based.
  • polyester-polyol components there may be mentioned, for example, the polyols mentioned above in the description of the polymer (A) (the components used for the preparation of polyesters (A)) and also the polyesters or polyester polyols themselves (that is, for example, polyester (A) with free hydroxyl groups, that is, with an OH number greater than 0) are used.
  • At least one polyester polyol which is selected from at least one diol and / or triol selected from the group consisting of 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane and mixtures thereof, in particular 1,6-hexanediol and neopentyl glycol , and at least one dicarboxylic acid (or at least one dicarboxylic acid derivative thereof, for example, a corresponding anhydride) selected from the group consisting of adipic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, ortho-phthalic acid, dimethylolpropionic acid and mixtures thereof, in particular adipic acid, derived.
  • dicarboxylic acid or at least one dicarboxylic acid derivative thereof, for example, a corresponding anhydride
  • At least one such polyester polyol is used with at least one polyisocyanate, in particular IPDI, for the preparation of the polyurethane resin on which the polymer (C) is based.
  • the at least one polyurethane resin used for the preparation of the polymer (C) has polymerizable carbon double bonds as reactive functional groups enabling a crosslinking reaction.
  • these reactive functional groups are selected from the group consisting of vinyl groups such as allyl groups and (meth) acrylate groups and mixtures thereof.
  • Particularly preferred are vinyl groups, preferably allyl groups, in particular allyl ether groups.
  • the at least one polyisocyanate and the at least one polyol are preferably used to produce the polyurethane resin Polyester polyol, moreover, at least one further polyol such as at least one monomeric diol used, which has at least one polymerizable carbon double bond as a reactive functional group and also to NCO groups reactive groups, namely hydroxyl groups.
  • At least one diol is used as monomer, which also has at least one polymerizable carbon double bond as a reactive functional group, more preferably a reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of vinyl groups such as allyl groups, allyl ether groups and (meth) acrylate groups and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred are vinyl groups, especially allyl ether groups.
  • One such preferably used monomer is trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether.
  • NCO groups still present in the polyurethane segment thus obtained can be reacted by reaction with at least one polyol, such as trimethylolpropane, until it is no longer possible to detect any isocyanate groups.
  • the polyurethane segment of the copolymer (C) can be prepared by adding at least one catalyst such as dibutyltin dilaurate.
  • the preparation of the polyurethane segment of the copolymer (C) is carried out in an organic solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK).
  • MEK methyl ethyl ketone
  • the polyurethane resin having at least one polymerizable carbon double bond thus obtained is copolymerized in the presence of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
  • Monomers used as ethylenically unsaturated monomers for the preparation of the polymer (C) are preferably selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid ((meth) acrylates), at least one hydroxyl group in the molecule carrying ethylenically unsaturated monomers, preferably at least one hydroxyl group (meth) acrylates carrying in the molecule, ethylenically unsaturated monomers carrying at least one carboxyl group in the molecule, preferably (meth) acrylic acid, and mixtures thereof.
  • the ethylenically unsaturated monomers are particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of cyclohexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, alkyl acrylates and alkyl methacrylates having up to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, for example methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, iso-propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, n-hexyl (meth) acrylate, ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate and lauryl (meth) acrylate or mixtures of these monomers, hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate
  • Particularly preferred ethylenically unsaturated monomers for the preparation of the polymer (C) are selected from the group consisting of n-butyl (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, ( Meth) acrylic acid and mixtures thereof.
  • At least one initiator such as, for example, tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate can be used.
  • the copolymerization is carried out in an organic solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK).
  • MEK methyl ethyl ketone
  • the copolymer (C) thus obtained is preferably taken up in water and optionally neutralized with at least one neutralizing agent such as the already mentioned neutralizing agents, in particular dimethylethanolamine.
  • the organic solvent such as MEK is preferably removed again after preparation of the copolymer (C), for example by distilling off in vacuo.
  • a dispersion thus obtained may contain a proportion of MEK used in the preparation of the copolymer (C) which is at most in a range from 0.2 to 1.5% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 1.0% by weight. -% or from 0.2 to 0.6 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the dispersion.
  • the at least one polymer (C) is preferably a water-soluble or dispersible polymer.
  • potentially ionic groups, preferably anionic groups, particularly preferably carboxylic acid groups can be introduced into the polymer by the starting compounds used in the preparation, preferably by the ethylenically unsaturated monomers used in the preparation.
  • carboxylic acid groups are preferably incorporated into the copolymer (C) by the proportionate use of acrylic acid in the copolymerization of the polyurethane resin capable of polymerizable carbon double bonds in the presence of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
  • the content of the at least one polymer (C) as second binder in the coating composition according to the invention is preferably 0.1 to 8.0 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.1 to 7.5 wt .-%, most preferably 0.5 to 6.0 wt .-%, in a particular embodiment, 0.8 to 5.0 wt .-% and below even more preferably 1, 0 to 4.0 wt .-%, each based on the total amount of the coating composition of the invention.
  • the determination of the proportion of the at least one polymer (C) is carried out analogously to the method described above for the polymer (A) as a binder and for the crosslinking agent (B), that is based on the solid.
  • the proportions by weight of the at least one polymer (A) as binder and of the at least one polymer (C) as second binder are coordinated so that the weight ratio of the polymer (A) to the polymer (C) is greater than 3.0, is preferably greater than 5.0, very particularly preferably greater than 7.5 and in particular greater than 8.5. Again preferred is a weight ratio of greater than 3.0 to 30, including preferably greater than 5.0 to 25, in particular 7.5 to 20 and very particularly preferably 8.5 to 15. The weight ratio is based on the respective amounts or proportions of the two polymers (A) and (C), based on the total amount of the coating composition according to the invention, determined.
  • the proportions of the polymers (A) and (C), based on the total amount of the coating composition according to the invention, are determined via the solids as indicated above.
  • the amounts of the polymers (A) and (C) are preferably selected from the preferred proportions ranges given above, in which case care must be taken that the ratio range according to the invention, preferably in the preferred ratio ranges, is used. From the above, it follows in particular that the coating composition always contains the polymer (A) in significant excess to the polymer (C) and also the Polymer preferably does not contain in excessive amounts, particularly preferably only in additive amounts of not more than 4.0 wt .-%.
  • the binder (A) is used in principle as the main binder, while the polymer (C) is to be regarded as an additive component or as a binder used only in minor amounts.
  • the coating composition according to the invention is aqueous.
  • aqueous coating composition is known to the person skilled in the art, which is basically a coating composition which is not based exclusively on organic solvents, since such an organic solvent-based coating composition contains exclusively organic solvents and no water for dissolving and / or dispersing further components a composition in whose production water is not explicitly added, but water enters the composition only in the form of impurity, atmospheric moisture and / or as a solvent for any special additives used Such a composition would be solvent-based as opposed to an aqueous composition or as "based on organic solvents" to designate.
  • aqueous is to be understood as meaning that the respective coating composition has a proportion of at least 20% by weight, preferably at least 25% by weight, very particularly preferably at least 30% by weight of water, in each case based on the total amount of solvents contained (ie Water and organic solvents).
  • the proportion of water is preferably from 20 to 70% by weight, in particular from 25 to 60% by weight, very particularly preferably from 30 to 50% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of solvent contained.
  • the coating composition may thus well contain organic solvents, but this proportion is significantly lower compared to traditional solvent-based systems and the composition contains at least water.
  • the coating composition according to the invention preferably also contains at least one pigment (D).
  • such a pigment is selected from the group consisting of organic and inorganic, coloring and filling pigments and nanoparticles.
  • suitable inorganic color pigments are white pigments such as titanium dioxide, zinc white, zinc sulfide or lithopone; Black pigments such as carbon black, iron manganese black or spinel black; Colored pigments such as chromium oxide, chromium oxide hydrate green, cobalt green or ultramarine green, cobalt blue, ultramarine blue or manganese blue, ultramarine violet or cobalt and manganese violet, iron oxide red, cadmium sulfoselenide, molybdate red or ultramarine red; Iron oxide brown, mixed brown, spinel and corundum phases or chrome orange; or iron oxide yellow, nickel titanium yellow, chromium titanium yellow, cadmium sulfide, cadmium zinc sulfide, chrome yellow or bismuth vanadate.
  • organic coloring pigments examples include monoazo pigments, bisazo pigments, anthraquinone pigments, benzimidazole pigments, quinacridone pigments, quinophthalone pigments, diketopyrrolopyrrole pigments, dioxazine pigments,
  • Indanthrone pigments isoindoline pigments, isoindolinone pigments, azomethine pigments, thioindigo pigments, metal complex pigments, perinone pigments, perylene pigments, phthalocyanine pigments or aniline black.
  • suitable filling pigments or fillers are chalk, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, silicates such as talc or kaolin, silicic acids, oxides such as aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide or organic fillers such as textile fibers, cellulose fibers, polyethylene fibers or polymer powder; in addition, reference is made to Rompp Lexikon Lacke und Druckmaschine, Georg Thieme Verlag, 1998, pages 250 ff., "Fillers”.
  • nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of main and subgroup metals and their Compounds, that is, the nanoparticles consist of these elements or compounds.
  • the main and subgroup metals are preferably selected from metals of the third to fifth main group, the third to sixth and the first and second subgroups of the Periodic Table of the Elements and the lanthanides. Particular preference is given to boron, aluminum, gallium, silicon, germanium, tin, arsenic, antimony, silver, zinc, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten and cerium, in particular aluminum, silicon, silver, cerium, Titanium and zirconium used.
  • the compounds of the metals are the oxides, oxide hydrates, sulfates or phosphates.
  • the nanoparticles preferably have a primary particle size of ⁇ 50 nm, preferably 5 to 50 nm, in particular 10 to 30 nm. Methods for determining the primary particle size are known to the person skilled in the art. Preferably, the primary particle size is determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Particularly preferred pigments are titanium dioxide and / or zinc white, zinc sulfide and / or lithopone as at least one pigment (D). Very particular preference is given to using titanium dioxide.
  • TEM transmission electron microscopy
  • effect pigments can be used as optional pigments (D) contained in the aqueous coating composition.
  • a person skilled in the art is familiar with the term effect pigments.
  • effect pigments are pigments which have an optically effecting effect or are colored and optically effecting, in particular optically effecting.
  • a corresponding classification of the pigments can be carried out according to DIN 55944.
  • the effect pigments are selected from the group consisting of organic and inorganic, optically effecting, color and optically effecting, pigments. They are preferably selected from the group consisting of organic and inorganic, optically effecting or color and optically effecting pigments.
  • the organic and inorganic, optical effect and color and optical effect-imparting pigments selected from the group consisting of optionally coated metallic effect pigments, optionally coated metal oxide effect pigments, optionally composed of coated metals and non-metals composed effect pigments and optionally coated non-metallic effect pigments.
  • the optionally coated, such as, for example, silicate-coated metallic effect pigments are aluminum effect pigments, iron effect pigments or copper effect pigments.
  • very particularly preferred are optionally coated, such as, for example, silicate-coated aluminum effect pigments, in particular commercially available products from Eckart, such as Stapa® Hydrolac, Stapa® Hydroxal, Stapa® Hydrolux and Stapa® Hydrolan, most preferably Stapa® Hydrolux and Stapa® Hydrolan.
  • effect pigments used according to the invention in particular optionally coated, such as, for example, silicate-coated aluminum effect pigments, can be present in any conventional form known to the person skilled in the art, for example a platelet and / or platelet form, in particular a (corn) flake or silver dollar form.
  • the effect pigments composed of metals and nonmetals are iron oxide coated platelet-shaped aluminum pigments, as described, for example, in European Patent Application EP 0 562 329 A2; Glass flakes coated with metals, in particular aluminum; or interference pigments containing a reflector layer of metal, in particular aluminum, and having a strong Farbflop.
  • the non-metallic effect pigments are pearlescent pigments, in particular micropigments; metal oxide-coated, platelet-shaped graphite pigments; Interference pigments which do not contain a reflector layer of metal and have a strong color flop; platelet-shaped effect pigments based on iron oxide, which have a color shade from pink to brown-red; or organic, liquid crystalline effect pigments.
  • the pigment content of pigment (D) in the aqueous coating compositions used according to the invention can vary depending on the purpose and according to the Nature of pigments and nanoparticles vary widely.
  • the pigment content, based on the aqueous coating composition according to the invention is preferably in the range from 1.0 to 50% by weight, preferably in the range from 5.0 to 45% by weight, particularly preferably in the range from 7.5 to 40 % By weight, most preferably in the range of 12.5 to 35 wt .-% and in particular in the range of 15 to 30 wt .-%.
  • the coating composition of the invention preferably contains at least one specific epoxy resin ester (E).
  • E specific epoxy resin ester
  • Epoxy resins are known in the art. These are the polycondensation resins known per se, which contain epoxide groups in the base molecule. These are preferably epoxide resins prepared by condensation of bisphenol A and / or bisphenol F with epichlorohydrin, in particular bisphenol A / epichlorohydrin resins. These compounds contain, for example, along the chain hydroxyl groups and at the ends of epoxide groups, that is, per molecule exactly two epoxide groups. It is of course also possible that only a one-sided reaction with epichlorohydrin takes place, so that ultimately only one epoxide group is present in the molecule.
  • the ability to crosslink via the epoxide groups or via the hydroxyl groups changes.
  • the ability to crosslink via the epoxide groups decreases with increasing chain length or molecular weight, the crosslinkability increases over the hydroxyl groups with increasing chain length.
  • Epoxide groups per molecule remains the same or is at most two (two terminal epoxide groups)
  • a further hydroxyl group is generated with each condensation reaction.
  • the amount of epoxide groups is defined regularly and thus also in the context of the present invention via the epoxy equivalent weight (EEW), that is to say the amount of resin in grams which contains one mole of epoxide groups.
  • EW epoxy equivalent weight
  • the degree of condensation the higher the EEW.
  • the proportion by weight of epoxide groups in the resin is determined (according to DIN EN ISO 3001) and converted accordingly with the known molar mass of the epoxide group (44 g / mol).
  • the degree of condensation and thus the EEW can be controlled by the stoichiometry of the components used, that is to say in particular bisphenol A and / or bisphenol F and also epichlorohydrin.
  • Epoxy resins preferably bisphenol A / epichlorohydrin epoxy resins, having an EEW of less than 500 are preferably used in the context of the present invention. These are, for example, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and / or only slightly longer-chain epoxy resins obtainable from bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, which are then also hydroxy-functional.
  • Epoxy resins can be obtained, for example, as a solution or dispersion in organic solvents or water, for example under the trade name Beckopox from Cytec or under the trade name Epikote by Momentive.
  • epoxy resin ester (E) For the preparation of the epoxy resin ester (E) is at least one epoxy resin, in particular the above-described epoxy resins, with at least one further component under Formation of ester bonds implemented. This is to be understood in particular as follows.
  • epoxy resin esters preferably used can be prepared by using epoxy resins in the preparation of polyester-epoxy resins (definition see below), for example as part of the alcohol component.
  • epoxy resins usually also contain hydroxyl groups in addition to the terminal epoxide groups, so that they can replace part of the alcohol component during polyester production.
  • the carboxylic acids to be used for the preparation of the polyester-epoxy resins then react with these hydroxyl groups, finally forming a polyester-epoxy resin or an epoxy-resin ester (E).
  • a polyester-epoxy resin is thus understood to mean a special polyester in whose production an epoxy resin was used.
  • suitable structural components reference is therefore made to the above description of component (A). The local disclosure applies equally to the polyester described here.
  • the epoxy resin esters (E) are thus preferably by reaction of an epoxy resin, preferably a hydroxy-functional epoxy resin, with a carboxylic acid-containing polyester (e1) and / or with compounds (e2) selected from the group consisting of polyhydric organic polyols such as monomeric diols, triols, tetrahydric alcohols or polyester diols, polybasic organic carboxylic acids such as dicarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, lactones, anhydrides of polycarboxylic acids such as anhydrides of dicarboxylic acids, and optionally monocarboxylic acids and simple alcohols.
  • an epoxy resin preferably a hydroxy-functional epoxy resin
  • polybasic organic carboxylic acids such as dicar
  • the said compounds suitable for polyester synthesis (e2) are preferably selected from the group consisting of monomeric diols, triols, tetrahydric alcohols and polyesterdiols, dicarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, lactones, anhydrides of dicarboxylic acids, and optionally monocarboxylic acids and simple alcohols.
  • the polyester (e1) is preferably prepared by reacting the compounds (e2), in particular preferably by reacting the preferred compounds (e2).
  • At least one component (e2a) is selected from the group in the preparation of the epoxy resin esters consisting of o-phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, benzoic acid, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dimer fatty acids, polypropylene glycol and C 12 to C 2 4 - Fatty acids such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and ricinoleic acid are used.
  • components (e2a) preferably in the reaction of an epoxy resin with a carboxylic acid-containing polyester (e1) and / or with compounds (e2) selected from the group consisting of polyfunctional organic polyols such as monomeric diols or polyester diols, polyvalent organic carboxylic acids such as dicarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, lactones, anhydrides of polycarboxylic acids such as anhydrides of dicarboxylic acids, and optionally monocarboxylic acids and simple alcohols are integrated into the production or reaction process.
  • polyfunctional organic polyols such as monomeric diols or polyester diols
  • polyvalent organic carboxylic acids such as dicarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, lactones
  • anhydrides of polycarboxylic acids such as anhydrides of dicarboxylic acids
  • optionally monocarboxylic acids and simple alcohols are integrated into the production or reaction process.
  • the carboxylic acid-containing polyester (e1) is prepared with at least proportionate use of the abovementioned components (e2a) and / or the abovementioned compounds (e2) which are preferably used in the reaction with an epoxy resin for producing an epoxy resin ester (E) will be selected, at least proportionally, from the group of components (e2a).
  • the epoxy resin esters (E) are phosphorus-containing.
  • Phosphorus-containing epoxy resin esters (E) in particular those which are prepared as described above by reaction of epoxy resins with polyesters (e1) and / or with compounds suitable for polyester synthesis (e2), lead to particularly good properties with regard to adhesion and minimization of the swelling behavior of corresponding topcoat films .
  • the phosphor is preferably incorporated in the form of phosphate groups in the epoxy resin esters.
  • the phosphate groups are introduced by reaction of the epoxy resins used to prepare the epoxy resin esters (E) with phosphoric acid and corresponding esterification.
  • epoxy resin esters (E) Preference is thus given to epoxy resin esters (E), in the preparation of which phosphate-modified epoxy resins or epoxy resins containing phosphate groups were used.
  • the epoxy resin esters (E) preferably used have an epoxy resin content, that is a proportion of epoxy resins as described above and optionally also phosphate-modified epoxy resins, from 40 to 90 wt .-%, preferably 50 to 75 wt .-%.
  • the proportion is determined as described above on the solid. That is, as described above, the solid state of the epoxy resins used (or Epoxidharzdispersionen) and the other starting materials, in particular the components (e1) and (e2) determined, and then reckoned taking into account the amounts used to the proportion of epoxy resin ester (E) ,
  • the phosphorus content of the epoxy resin esters is preferably from 0.5 to 3% by weight, more preferably from 1 to 2.5% by weight.
  • the content can be determined, for example, mathematically, taking into account the amounts of starting materials used in the introduction of the phosphorus, that is, in particular of the epoxy resins and the phosphoric acid assuming a quantitative conversion.
  • the epoxy resin esters (E) usually have a number average molecular weight of from 1000 to 3000 g / mol, preferably from 1500 to 2500 g / mol and an acid number of from 30 to 90 mg KOH / g, preferably from 35 to 50 mg KOH / g.
  • the OH number is usually between 100 and 260 mg KOH / g, preferably between 160 and 200 mg KOH / g.
  • the content of the at least one epoxy resin ester (E) in the coating composition according to the invention is preferably 0.5 to 8.0 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.8 to 7.0 wt .-%, most preferably 1, 0 to 6, 0 wt .-%, in a particular embodiment 1, 5 to 5.0 wt .-% and below even more preferably 2.0 to 4.0 wt .-%, each based on the total amount of the coating composition of the invention.
  • the determination of the content is carried out as described above on the basis of the solid.
  • the coating composition used in accordance with the invention may comprise one or more commonly used additives other than components (A) to (E) already described as component (G).
  • these additives (G) are selected from the group consisting of waxes, antioxidants, antistatic agents, wetting and dispersing agents, emulsifiers, flow control agents, solubilizers, defoaming agents, wetting agents, stabilizers, preferably heat and / or heat stabilizers, process stabilizers and UV and / or light stabilizers, light stabilizers, deaerators, inhibitors, catalysts, flexibilizers, flame retardants, organic solvents such as butyl glycol and / or butyl glycol acetate, reactive diluents, water repellents, hydrophilicizing agents, thickeners, thixotropic agents, impact modifiers, blowing agents, process auxiliaries, plasticizers, fibrous Solids and mixtures of the aforementioned additives.
  • the additive content of additive (G) in the coating composition according to the invention can vary very widely depending on the intended use.
  • the content, based on the total weight of the coating composition used according to the invention, is preferably 0.01 to 25.0% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 15.0% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 10, 0% by weight.
  • the coating composition of the invention preferably has a solids content of 10 to 85 wt .-%, preferably 15 to 80 wt .-%, most preferably from 20 to 75 wt .-% and more preferably 40 to 70 wt .-%.
  • the determination of the solids content of the coating composition according to the invention is carried out as described above.
  • the coating composition of the invention can be prepared by mixing and dispersing and / or dissolving the respective components of the coating composition described above by means of a high speed stirrer, stirred tank, stirred mills, dissolver, kneader, or in-line dissolver.
  • the present invention further provides a process for producing a topcoat on a metallic substrate using the coating composition according to the invention, comprising the application and subsequent curing of the coating composition according to the invention on an optionally primed metallic substrate.
  • metallic substrates all substrates or metals known to the person skilled in the art as metallic substrates come into consideration.
  • the metallic substrates used in the field of Emballagenbe Anlagenung that is, preferably tinplates, chrome-plated steel sheets and aluminum, are used.
  • the substrates can have any desired shape per se.
  • it may be metallic substrate plates that can be deformed, for example, after the coating to form three-dimensional moldings.
  • already completely shaped molded bodies are coated in the context of the method according to the invention.
  • preformed three-dimensional moldings in cylindrical form that is those which are then further formed after varnishing to cans such as beverage cans or canned food, coated.
  • the latter variant in which the preformed and then coated moldings are subsequently formed into a fine shape, for example by the already mentioned necking, is frequently encountered in the area of the coating of the coating and is therefore preferred.
  • Particularly preferred substrates are thus Emballagen, that is in particular packaging container, preferably food packaging.
  • the metallic substrate Prior to the application and curing of the coating composition according to the invention for producing a topcoat layer, the metallic substrate can be pretreated and / or primed by known and established methods and / or coated, for example, with a typical stamping lacquer or basecoat (ie application and curing of, for example, die lacquer or base lacquer ).
  • stamping is known and thus in the context of Present invention denotes a pigmented paint, the coloring or white, preferably white, that is, containing corresponding pigments. It is opaque, that is it covers the underlying substrate and serves in particular the decorative properties and allows printability with printing inks and a bonding agent for the topcoat.
  • the basecoat is known and thus also referred to in the context of the present invention, a paint containing no or exclusively or predominantly transparent pigments and thus does not cover the substrate according to the stamping. Otherwise, the base coat but also meets the punching lacquer functions, that is, in particular, the adhesion and the possibility of printability. Primers and basecoat or stamping systems are known in the art and can be easily selected. From the above it follows that it is likewise possible that after the application and curing of such an example pigmented coating agent, the substrate is still printed with printing inks, for example in the form of a lettering or the like. Thereafter, the application and curing of the coating composition according to the invention for producing a topcoat layer described below can be carried out.
  • a coated substrate can also be produced without prior painting with a lacquer such as stamped lacquer or base lacquer, preferably without any primer and without previous lacquering with a lacquer such as stamped lacquer or base lacquer with the coating composition according to the invention, which meets the requirements mentioned above.
  • a lacquer such as stamped lacquer or base lacquer
  • the coating composition according to the invention is preferably applied directly to the substrate and then cured, and in this way a topcoat layer is produced.
  • a topcoat layer is produced in the context of the method according to the invention preferably a single-layer coating is produced.
  • the coating produced from the coating composition according to the invention is therefore the only coating layer of the coating. If appropriate, printing inks which apply to the substrate, for example the beverage can, a specific decoration, but which do not constitute a coating in the sense of the present invention, are optionally applied to this coating.
  • the application of the coating composition according to the invention takes place in the manner known to the person skilled in the art and can be carried out, for example, by rolling, dipping, knife coating, spraying, for example by compressed air spraying, airless spraying, high rotation, electrostatic spray application (ESTA), optionally combined with hot spray application such as hot spraying. Air (hot-spraying) are performed. Preference is given to rolling processes. After application, the applied coating composition is cured. Hardening, more precisely complete hardening, is understood to mean the term content familiar to the person skilled in the art.
  • hardening more precisely complete curing of a coating layer, means the transfer of such a layer into the ready-to-use state, that is to say into a state in which the substrate equipped with the respective coating layer can be transported, stored and used as intended.
  • a cured coating layer is thus no longer particularly soft or tacky, but conditioned as a hard coating film. Its properties such as hardness, adhesion to the substrate or abrasion resistance are no longer improved even with further exposure to curing conditions as described below.
  • the crosslinking structure of the paint layer can not be increased by further exposure to curing conditions as described below, optionally still existing reactive complementary functional groups of the components such as polymers as binders and crosslinking agents are no longer movable by the strength of the coating and therefore not more available for further curing reaction.
  • even further exposure to curing conditions as described below may degrade the network take place, thus even the inherently advantageous properties of the coating are deteriorated again.
  • Complete curing may preferably be carried out at a temperature between 150 and 450 ° C for a time of 10 to 1800 seconds. Corresponding combinations of curing temperatures and durations are familiar to the person skilled in the art or can be determined by a few targeted experiments. For example, complete cure may occur at 400 ° C for 60 to 180 seconds or at 230 ° C for 300 to 600 seconds.
  • the indicated temperatures are in each case understood as oven temperatures, that is to say as the ambient temperature of the room in which the coated substrate is hardened.
  • oven temperatures that is to say as the ambient temperature of the room in which the coated substrate is hardened.
  • a coating produced on the basis of a coating composition according to the invention has on a substrate, even without complete curing, a significantly improved abrasion resistance compared with the prior art.
  • packings in the preparation of which coating compositions and printing inks are applied sequentially and heated to cure (optionally in each case in each case partial curing), can advantageously be produced in this way. The printability can be improved in this way.
  • partial cure is achieved when - based on a particular coating composition - the coated substrate is treated at lower temperatures and / or for shorter durations than is necessary for a complete cure.
  • partial cure may be at 400 ° C for 2 to 15 seconds or at 230 ° C for 60 to 240 seconds.
  • the method according to the invention therefore relates in a preferred embodiment to the following steps.
  • Application of a coating composition according to the invention to a metallic substrate and subsequent incomplete curing of the applied coating composition sequential application of one or more further coating compositions and / or printing inks to the substrate and / or to the incompletely cured coating of the coating composition according to the invention, wherein after each application the coated substrate is subjected to curing conditions, that is, for a period of, for example, 2 to 15 seconds at 400 ° C is treated.
  • curing conditions that is, for a period of, for example, 2 to 15 seconds at 400 ° C is treated.
  • the exposure to curing conditions is therefore not necessarily synonymous with the fact that thereafter a fully cured coating exists.
  • a partially cured coating can result, which is completely cured only in a further curing step, that is, during further exposure to curing conditions.
  • printing inks are applied to the coating which is produced by application of the coating composition according to the invention.
  • Further coating compositions in particular paints or primers, are therefore preferably applied only to the metallic substrate or applied to one another in the form of a multi-layer structure, the first of these layers then being arranged on the substrate. In this case, a planar substrate is then the second flat side of the substrate.
  • the coating composition according to the invention is preferably used for the production of an exterior finish.
  • Other paints and / or primers are thus preferably applied only to the inside of the substrate. Only printing inks are preferably arranged on the outside or the topcoat layer according to the invention.
  • the topcoat prepared by using the coating composition of the invention generally has a dry film thickness of preferably 2 to 12 microns, more preferably 3 to 10 microns, and most preferably 4 to 8 microns.
  • the present invention also relates to a topcoat layer prepared according to the method of the invention and to a metallic substrate coated according to the method of the invention.
  • the present invention thus also relates in particular to a metallic substrate coated with a single-layer coating, the coating being produced by using a coating composition according to the invention.
  • Titanium dioxide RD ⁇ -S white pigment (D) 1 25,1 1 25,12
  • Nacure_2500 catalyst 0.43 0.94 0.94 aqueous dispersion of a WO 91/15528 A1, page 23, 0.44 0 4.68
  • n.f.A is set to 0.44
  • the coating compositions prepared under a) were applied by roller application to iron cans (0.33 liters) in a layer of 280 to 320 mg / can (equivalent to a layer thickness of 5-6 microns).
  • the coated substrates were exposed to a temperature of 230 ° C in a convection oven for 3 min. Then, the partially cured topcoat coatings (B-V1) and (B-E1) thus prepared were examined for different performance properties.
  • the abrasion resistance was investigated by means of the DIN EN 13523-1 1 MEK test.
  • a piece of gauze compress (item no. 1225221 from Römer maschine Rheinberg) is attached to the head of a MEK hammer with a rubber band and then soaked with MEK (methyl ethyl ketone).
  • MEK methyl ethyl ketone
  • the hammer weighs 1200 g and has a handle with a contact surface of 2.5 cm 2 .
  • the test track is 9.5 cm.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP14753091.9A 2013-10-16 2014-08-21 Wässrige beschichtungszusammensetzung sowie herstellung von decklackschichten unter einsatz der beschichtungszusammensetzung Withdrawn EP3058039A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14753091.9A EP3058039A1 (de) 2013-10-16 2014-08-21 Wässrige beschichtungszusammensetzung sowie herstellung von decklackschichten unter einsatz der beschichtungszusammensetzung

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13188851 2013-10-16
PCT/EP2014/067811 WO2015055337A1 (de) 2013-10-16 2014-08-21 Wässrige beschichtungszusammensetzung sowie herstellung von decklackschichten unter einsatz der beschichtungszusammensetzung
EP14753091.9A EP3058039A1 (de) 2013-10-16 2014-08-21 Wässrige beschichtungszusammensetzung sowie herstellung von decklackschichten unter einsatz der beschichtungszusammensetzung

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EP3058039A1 true EP3058039A1 (de) 2016-08-24

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US (1) US20160264815A1 (ru)
EP (1) EP3058039A1 (ru)
JP (1) JP6496723B2 (ru)
KR (1) KR20160070117A (ru)
CN (1) CN106164188A (ru)
RU (1) RU2678042C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2015055337A1 (ru)

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KR102630893B1 (ko) * 2015-11-25 2024-01-31 롬엔드하스전자재료코리아유한회사 감광성 수지 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 경화막
JP6806488B2 (ja) * 2016-07-29 2021-01-06 株式会社Adeka 硬化性樹脂組成物、及び該組成物を用いた構造材料接合用接着剤
WO2018054725A1 (de) * 2016-09-22 2018-03-29 Basf Coatings Gmbh Durch kondensations- und/oder additionsreaktion härtbare beschichtungszusammensetzung
US11059993B2 (en) 2018-09-07 2021-07-13 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Coating composition exhibiting specific gloss properties for extreme washable coatings
US11111409B2 (en) * 2019-01-03 2021-09-07 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Coating composition comprising self-crosslinkable core-shell particles and imparting improved stain resistance

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DE4317784A1 (de) * 1993-05-28 1994-12-01 Basf Lacke & Farben Verfahren zur Erzeugung von strukturierten Beschichtungen auf Kunststoffoberflächen
DE4327416A1 (de) * 1993-08-14 1995-02-16 Basf Lacke & Farben Überzugsmittel enthaltend mindestens einen hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Polyester, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung als Basislack und in Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen, schützenden und/oder dekorativen Überzuges
DE4339870A1 (de) * 1993-11-23 1995-05-24 Basf Lacke & Farben Verfahren zur Herstellung einer zweischichtigen Lackierung und wäßrige Lacke
DE4421823A1 (de) * 1994-06-22 1996-01-04 Basf Lacke & Farben Aus mindestens 3 Komponenten bestehendes Beschichtungsmittel, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie seine Verwendung
DE19618446A1 (de) * 1996-05-08 1997-11-13 Basf Lacke & Farben Aus mindestens 3 Komponenten bestehendes Beschichtungsmittel
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Publication number Publication date
RU2678042C2 (ru) 2019-01-22
CN106164188A (zh) 2016-11-23
US20160264815A1 (en) 2016-09-15
WO2015055337A1 (de) 2015-04-23
RU2016118669A (ru) 2017-11-21
KR20160070117A (ko) 2016-06-17
JP6496723B2 (ja) 2019-04-03
JP2016540838A (ja) 2016-12-28

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