EP3042739B1 - Broyeur de neige carbonique et dispositif de rayonnement de neige carbonique - Google Patents

Broyeur de neige carbonique et dispositif de rayonnement de neige carbonique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3042739B1
EP3042739B1 EP16150907.0A EP16150907A EP3042739B1 EP 3042739 B1 EP3042739 B1 EP 3042739B1 EP 16150907 A EP16150907 A EP 16150907A EP 3042739 B1 EP3042739 B1 EP 3042739B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
dry ice
grinding
effective area
grinding body
annular gap
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EP16150907.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3042739A1 (fr
Inventor
Jörg HOFFMEISTER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carbo Kohlensaurewerke & Co KG GmbH
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Carbo Kohlensaurewerke & Co KG GmbH
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/003—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
    • B02C2/10—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers concentrically moved; Bell crushers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally and more particularly to a dry milling mill for a dry ice blasting apparatus having first and second media.
  • Dry ice pellets which consist of compressed CO2-Schnce, are accelerated with compressed air and in very cold condition (-78.5 ° C) are thrown against the surfaces to be cleaned.
  • the cleaning effect is based on three principles: on the one hand on the mechanical action of dry ice solids (similar to glass beads or sandblasting); continue to assure that the supercooled dry ice ejectors cause a cold shock on impact, causing the substrate to be removed from embrittlement and making it easier to remove; and finally that fine cracks and cracks form on cooling, into which fine particles of dry ice penetrate, where they sublime abruptly (ie change into the gaseous state), thereby greatly expanding in the cracks, thus enlarging the cracks and the particles to be removed thereby detach from the surface to be cleaned.
  • the actual blasting material namely the dry ice, evaporates completely during this process and escapes into the atmosphere. Dry ice blasting therefore does not give rise to any residues except for the detached particles.
  • dry ice pellets used with starting grain sizes of approx. 3 mm are not suitable for all cleaning tasks. There are cleaning tasks where smaller particle sizes are desired.
  • the object is to provide an improved dry ice mill, in which these disadvantages are at least partially eliminated.
  • the object is to provide a dry ice blasting device in which the dry ice losses are as small as possible and the particle size and geometry as well as the blasting speed are optimally tuned to the cleaning task to be carried out.
  • the present disclosure is a dry ice mill for a dry ice blasting device with a first and a second grinding media, wherein the first grinding body has a rotationally symmetric outer effective surface and the second grinding body has a rotationally symmetrical inner surface, each acting as Mahl lake, the grinding media each with its outer effective surface and their inner active surface facing each other coaxially and mutually rotatable about an axis of rotation are arranged so that between outer active surface and inner active surface, an annular Mahlspalt is formed, in which when turning the grinding body against each otherdeeismahlgut passes and is ground there.
  • a contour profile of the outer active surface along the axis of rotation is defined by a first contour line and a contour profile of the inner active surface along the axis of rotation by a second contour line.
  • the contour lines are designed so that at minimized ("minimized" means in this context that the width of the annular gap is zero, so inner effective surface and outer effective surface touching each other) annular gap the inner effective surface and the outer effective surface touching each other along an annular line - the annular gap so very narrow.
  • the actual grinding process takes place decisively in the region of the minimized annular gap, ie only in the very narrow constriction.
  • the material to be ground is crushed very gently and sublimation losses are minimized.
  • the grinding process can be more easily implemented in a closed chamber and thus reduce the compressed air demand for conveying the blasting material, since the second grinding body with its inner active surface can form part of a closed grinding chamber.
  • the liberated during grinding CO2 gas can thus form additional usable gas volume in the conveying gas flow, which can additionally increase the impact energy of the blasting material.
  • the grinding media supply and the blasting material removal as well as the passage through the actual grinding mechanism and through the grinding gap can be made particularly streamlined by the grinding bodies arranged concentrically in one another. In this way, u.a. Flow and pressure losses are reduced in the promotion of grinding / blasting.
  • the material to be ground is guided in the conveying direction through the annular gap along the axis of rotation.
  • the ground material is first pressed into the narrowing annular gap, where it is crushed.
  • the comminuted particles then pass immediately from the (narrow and narrow) annular gap area into a widening area and continue there.
  • the conveying effect takes place on the one hand by the gas flow along the rotation axis and by the movement of the grinding bodies relative to each other or by the relative movement of the inner active surface to the outer effective surface.
  • the inner active surface frusto-conical frusto-conical
  • the outer effective surface is provided in the region of the annular gap with a toroidal curved area (similar to the outer curvature in the belt area of a lifebuoy).
  • This design has several advantages. Assuming a conveying direction through the second grinding body along its frusto-conical inner active surface, in which the grinding / blasting material is conveyed from the wide end of the truncated cone along the axis of rotation to the narrower end of the truncated cone, so initially the unbroken material is through the converging Surface areas of the inner active surface and the outer effective surface in the Mahlspalt (annular gap) into compressed.
  • the grinding stock comminuted there to the blasting material After passing through the grinding gap, the grinding stock comminuted there to the blasting material again exits into an area widening out of the annular gap, can expand there and does not clump together. Finally, the blasting material is then converged again in the direction of the narrow conical mouth together with a compressed air / Strahlgutstrahl and exits at an increased speed.
  • the torically formed region merges into a conical region which forms one end of the first grinding body and projects into the frusto-conical cavity in the second grinding body.
  • the thus formed particularly rotationally symmetrical Mahlgutabschreibhunt opens into a discharge port, via which the grinding / blasting material can be fed directly into a hose assembly of the dry ice blasting device. This is possible without further deflections and thus loss.
  • the first grinding element - which is optionally received with a grinding head rotatable within the second grinding body - provided with a Mahlgutzuschreibhunt passing through drive shaft which can be coupled to a drive unit and is mounted via a bearing assembly in a bearing sleeve connected to the drive unit ,
  • the first grinding body (or the grinding head) freely within the second grinding body - ie within the Mahlgutzuschreibhunt or the Strahlgutabschreibsch - are positioned.
  • the bearing within the bearing sleeve ensures that the drive unit transmits only required for crushing the blasting rotary motion and remains free of transverse and axial forces.
  • the bearing arrangement and / or the drive unit is sealed by way of a seal acting on the drive shaft (eg shaft seal, mechanical seal) towards the grinding material supply chamber.
  • a seal acting on the drive shaft eg shaft seal, mechanical seal
  • For sealing only a single seal is required. Compressed air and blasting material remain within the grinding material supply chamber.
  • the second grinding body is formed at the end of a holding piece, in which the Mahlgutzuschreibhunt is formed.
  • the second grinding body can be exchangeable and formed of a different material as the Mahlgutzuschreibhunt.
  • the second grinding body and / or the bearing sleeve are designed to be axially adjustable along the axis of rotation towards the holding piece, this axial adjustment makes it possible to change the annular gap width.
  • the first grinding body can be positioned in the axial direction relative to the second grinding body, so that the width of the annular gap is variable and so the grain size of the blasting material can be adjusted in the desired manner.
  • a spindle assembly via which the holding piece is coupled to the bearing sleeve, serves as an adjusting mechanism.
  • the holding piece to the bearing sleeve, the axial position of the first grinding body can be adjusted to the second grinding body.
  • the second grinding body is correspondingly arranged adjustable manner to the holding piece, for example via a spindle or a thread.
  • the Mahlgutzuchthunt which surrounds the first grinding body or its drive shaft coaxial, provided with a supply port which opens tangentially and inclined to the axis of rotation in the Mahlgutzuschreibhunt.
  • the supplied millbase is cyclone-like guided together with the compressed air flow in the Mahlgutzuschreibhunt the annular gap.
  • the direction of rotation of the cyclone flow may also be opposite to the direction of rotation of the first grinding body in the second grinding body in order to obtain special comminution results, if appropriate.
  • the second grinding body in which the second grinding body is interchangeably coupled to the holding piece via a thread, it can be exchanged particularly easily in the event of wear.
  • a sealing surface can also be provided as an alternative to the thread sealing means, via which the second grinding body can be sealed against the holding piece.
  • the outer active surface of the first grinding body and / or the inner active surface of the second grinding body can be provided with a surface structure.
  • grooves, notches, nubs, teeth, serrations, depressions, and the like may be provided, which are arranged or formed in either lines, ring or spindle / thread structures.
  • first and the second grinding body is made of an aluminum material, in particular of suitable wrought or cast alloys, and the active surfaces e.g. by anodizing or Hartanodisier opposition, changed, in particular hardened, were.
  • the active surfaces e.g. by anodizing or Hartanodisier opposition, changed, in particular hardened, were.
  • a lighter and easy-to-work material can be used, which still has the required wear resistance on the active surfaces.
  • a dry ice blasting device which is provided with such a dry ice mill, can be used particularly lossless, energy-saving and variable by the low weight and the adjustable blasting particle size (grit) for different tasks.
  • an additional fluid connection eg for compressed air
  • conveying fluid e.g., compressed air
  • FIG. 1 This shows a schematic representation of a dry ice blasting device 100 with a hopper 101 with dry ice pellets serving as regrind 102, which have approximately the following dimensions (diameter about 3mm, longitudinal about 5 to 10mm) and are formed from compacted dry ice snow.
  • the feed container 101 opens at its lower end into a metering device 103 in which dry ice pellets 102 are transported via a rotating metering disk into a conveying air stream 104 which conveys the dry ice pellets 102 from the metering device via a feed line 106 into the dry ice mill 1.
  • the dry ice pellets 102 ground material
  • blasting material 109 directed together with the conveying air stream 104 from the dry ice mill 1 through a hose package 107 through a nozzle 108 as blasting material 109 (crushed dry ice pellets) against the surface 110 to be processed.
  • a further conveying air flow 111 can be guided into the hose package 107 in order to additionally accelerate the blasting material 109 there.
  • This in Fig. 2 shown dry ice mill 1 comprises a drive unit 2, which is coupled via a bearing sleeve 3 with a holding piece 4, which carries at its end the second grinding body 22.
  • the regrind (dry ice pellets 102) passes through a supply port 6 into the interior of the holding piece 4, passes there the grinding surfaces (see below) and exits coaxially to a symmetry / rotation axis 7 via a discharge port 8 - possibly in the hose package 107th ,
  • the drive unit 2 comprises an electric motor, not shown, whose shaft end 10 protrudes into a drive shaft 11 of a first grinding body 12, at the other end of a grinding head 33 is arranged with an outer effective surface 13.
  • Shaft end 10, drive shaft 11, grinding body 12 and the outer effective surface 13 extend coaxially and rotationally symmetrically to the axis of rotation 7.
  • the shaft end 10 is rotatably coupled via a suitable shaft-hub connection with the drive shaft 11.
  • the drive shaft 11 is rotatably and axially fixedly received via the bearing arrangement 14, which comprises two roller bearings (here: deep groove ball bearings) 15 and a spacer sleeve 16.
  • the bearing sleeve 3 carries a sealing ring 17 serving as a seal, which rests with its sealing lip 18 on the drive shaft 11 of the first grinding body 12 and protects the bearing arrangement 14 and the drive unit 2 against the penetration of ground material and cold conveying fluid.
  • the bearing sleeve 3 is inserted with one end in the retaining piece 4 and is sealed against the interior 19, which forms the Mahlgutzuschreibhunt, via a radially sealing O-ring 20.
  • the second grinding element 22 is connected via a thread 23 to the holding piece 4.
  • the thread 23 is optionally sealed by means of a thread sealant (not shown) to the interior 19.
  • the inner active surface 24 is formed, the frusto-conically tapering from the interior 19 of the outer active surface 13 facing the discharge port 8 extends out, which - for example, for connection of the hose package 107 - is provided with a thread 25.
  • Mahlgutabschreibhunt 26 is conically tapered.
  • the holding piece 4 is axially displaceably coupled to the bearing sleeve 3. In this way, the inner active surface 24 of the second grinding element 22 can be displaced away from or towards the first grinding body 12 together with the holding piece 4, so that the width of the annular gap 27 can be changed.
  • a spindle gear 28 in the bearing sleeve 3 in which a screwed into the retaining piece guide pin 29 (see Fig. 2 ) protrudes.
  • the width of the annular gap is set between 4 and 0.2 mm, in particular between 1 and 0.2 mm.
  • the width of the annular gap 27 can be varied in a similar manner by screwing the second grinding body 22 to the holding piece 4. In the illustrated embodiment, however, this is not provided because the thread 23 is sealed here with a sealant and secured against loosening.
  • the first grinding body 12 is driven with its grinding head 33 via its drive shaft 11 from the shaft end 10 and rotates with its outer effective surface 13 about the axis of rotation. 7
  • the conveying air stream 104 enters together with the dry ice pellets 102 through the supply port 6, which leads inclined and tangential into the interior 19 (see Fig. 4 ), where it is cyclone-like guided around the first grinding body 12 into the annular gap 27.
  • the dry ice pellets 102 There takes the rotating in the same direction first grinding body 12, the dry ice pellets 102 and leads them through the rotational movement and the compressed air further through the annular gap 27.
  • the dry ice pellets 102 between the outer effective surface 13 of the first grinding body 12 and the inner active surface 24 of the second grinding body 22 are crushed and occur as crushed blasting material 109 through the nozzle-shaped Strahlgutabschreibschiere 26 additionally accelerated through the discharge port 8 in the hose package 107th
  • the outer active surface 13 and the inner active surface 24 are provided with grinding / conveying grooves 30 (see Fig. 4 ).
  • the drive shaft 11 is tapered and then goes first conically widening in the toric outer active surface 13, which then merges conically tapered in the tip 31 of the first grinding body 12.
  • the tapered portion 32 of the drive shaft 11 improves the flow characteristics in the interior 19 (Mahlgutzubowhunt) and the tapered grinding head 33 improves the flow effect and the nozzle action in the Mahlgutabschreibhunt 26th
  • Fig. 5A shows a grinding head 33A with a conical-convex outer surface 13, which sits in a conical inner active surface 24 and forms an annular gap 27 there.
  • Fig. 5B shows a frusto-conical grinding head 33B with a conical outer active surface 13 which sits in a toric-convexly curved inner active surface 24 and forms with this the annular gap 27.
  • Fig. 5C shows a cylindrical grinding head 33C with a tapered end, which has a cylindrical-conical outer effective surface 13 which sits in a conical inner active surface 24 and forms the annular gap 27 there.
  • Fig. 5D shows an embodiment in which a grinding head 33D sits with a toric-convex or even spherically curved outer effective surface 13 in a toric-concave or spherical-concavely curved inner active surface 24 and there forms the annular gap 27.
  • the curvature / curvature of the outer effective surface 13 is greater (narrower curvature / curvature radius) than that of the inner active surface 24 (further curvature / curvature radius). This ensures that the annular gap 27 first tapers in the conveying direction and then expands again.
  • this can be formed divisible.
  • Fig. 5E shows an embodiment with a conical grinding head 33E with a conical outer effective surface 13, which is disposed within the first in the conveying direction conically tapered inner active surface 24A and then again in the conveying direction expanding inner active surface 24B and at the transition edge 24C, the annular gap 27 defines.
  • the milling head 33E has a cylindrical outer-surface 13. In such an embodiment, then the width of the annular gap 27 by axial adjustment of the grinding head 33 is not possible.
  • a further alternative embodiment is in the Fig. 5E shown conically widening inner active surface 24 formed cylindrical with a constant diameter. In conjunction with a conically tapered outer active surface 13 also results in This embodiment is an initially tapered and widening after the constriction annular gap 27th

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Broyeur à glace carbonique (1) pour un dispositif de projection de glace carbonique (100) comportant un premier et un second corps de broyage (12, 22),
    le premier corps de broyage (12) ayant une surface active externe (13) symétrique en rotation et le second corps de broyage (22) ayant une surface active interne (24) symétrique en rotation, lesquelles surfaces agissent en tant que surfaces de broyage,
    les corps de broyage (12, 22) étant agencés de manière coaxiale et rotative l'un par rapport à l'autre autour d'un axe de rotation (7) avec respectivement leur surface active externe (13) et leur surface active interne (24) se faisant face, de manière à ce que
    entre la surface active externe (13) et la surface active interne (24) est formée une fente annulaire (27), dans laquelle, lors de la rotation des corps de broyage (12, 22) l'un par rapport à l'autre, pénètre de la glace carbonique à broyer (102) et y est broyée, caractérisé en ce que
    respectivement un tracé de contour de la surface active externe (13) le long de l'axe de rotation (7) est définie par un premier tracé de contour et un tracé de contour de la surface active interne (24) le long de l'axe de rotation (7) est définie par un second tracé de contour, les premier et second tracés de contour étant conçus de telle sorte que lorsque la fente annulaire (27) est minimisée, la surface active interne (24) et la surface active externe (13) viennent en contact l'une avec l'autre le long d'une ligne annulaire.
  2. Broyeur à glace carbonique (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la surface active interne (24) est de forme tronconique, et la surface active externe (13) comprend une partie de forme torique dans la zone de la fente annulaire (27).
  3. Broyeur à glace carbonique (1) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la partie de forme torique débouche dans une partie conique qui forme une extrémité du premier corps de broyage (12), lequel fait saillie dans une cavité tronconique (26) à l'intérieur du second corps de broyage (22).
  4. Broyeur à glace carbonique (1) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la cavité tronconique (26), entre la fente annulaire (27) et une extrémité de sortie, forme une chambre d'évacuation de matériau de broyage, en particulier symétrique en rotation, qui débouche dans un raccord d'évacuation (8).
  5. Broyeur à glace carbonique (1) selon la revendication 1, 2, 3, 4 ou 5, dans lequel le premier corps de broyage (12) est pourvu d'un arbre d'entraînement (11) traversant une chambre d'alimentation en matériau de broyage (19), lequel arbre d'entraînement (11) peut être couplé à une unité d'entraînement (2) et est monté, via un dispositif de palier (14), dans une douille de palier (3) qui est reliée à l'unité d'entraînement (2).
  6. Broyeur à glace carbonique (1) selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le dispositif de palier (14) et/ou l'unité d'entraînement (2) est rendu(e) étanche par rapport à la chambre d'alimentation en matériau de broyage (19) par l'intermédiaire d'un joint d'étanchéité (17), en particulier une bague d'étanchéité d'arbre, agissant au niveau de l'arbre d'entraînement.
  7. Broyeur à glace carbonique (1) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, dans lequel la chambre d'alimentation en matériau de broyage (19) est formée dans une pièce de maintien (4) qui est reliée à une extrémité au second corps de broyage (22) et est couplée à l'autre extrémité à la douille de palier (3).
  8. Broyeur à glace carbonique (1) selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel le second corps de broyage (22) et/ou la douille de palier (3) sont conçus pour être réglables axialement le long de l'axe de rotation (7) par rapport à la pièce de maintien (4), de sorte qu'une largeur de la fente annulaire (27) est réglable.
  9. Broyeur à glace carbonique (1) selon la revendication 8, dans lequel la pièce de maintien (4) est reliée à la douille de palier (3) par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de broche (28, 29) de sorte que, lors de la rotation de la pièce de maintien (4) par rapport à la douille de palier (3), le premier corps de broyage (12) est réglé axialement par rapport au second corps de broyage (22) et la largeur de la fente annulaire (27) est modifiée.
  10. Broyeur à glace carbonique (1) selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, dans lequel la chambre d'alimentation en matière de broyage (19) entoure coaxialement le premier corps de broyage (12) et est pourvue d'un raccord d'alimentation (6) qui débouche tangentiellement et en étant incliné par rapport à l'axe de rotation (7) dans la chambre d'alimentation en matière de broyage (19) pour acheminer la matière à broyer (102) amenée, à la façon d'un cyclone, à travers la chambre d'alimentation en matière à broyer (19) dans la fente annulaire (27).
  11. Broyeur à glace carbonique (1) selon la revendication 8, 9, ou 10, dans lequel le second corps de broyage (22) est relié par l'intermédiaire d'un filetage (23) de manière interchangeable à la pièce de maintien (4).
  12. Broyeur à glace carbonique (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la surface active extérieure (13) et/ou la surface active intérieure (24) sont pourvues d'une structure de surface (30) influant sur une efficacité de broyage et/ou d'acheminement, en particulier de rainures, encoches, boutons, dents, dentelures, évidements, structures de broche/filetage.
  13. Dispositif de projection de glace carbonique (100) pour le sablage de surfaces avec un mélange de glace carbonique en granules (109) et d'un fluide porteur (111) avec un broyeur à glace carbonique (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12.
  14. Dispositif de projection de glace carbonique (100) selon la revendication 13, dans lequel un raccord de fluide porteur (111) supplémentaire est prévu à une extrémité de sortie du broyeur à glace carbonique (1), par lequel le mélange qui y sort peut en outre être alimenté avec un fluide porteur afin d'accélérer le mélange.
EP16150907.0A 2015-01-12 2016-01-12 Broyeur de neige carbonique et dispositif de rayonnement de neige carbonique Active EP3042739B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015100308.2A DE102015100308B4 (de) 2015-01-12 2015-01-12 Trockeneismahlwerk und Trockeneisstrahlvorrichtung

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EP3042739A1 EP3042739A1 (fr) 2016-07-13
EP3042739B1 true EP3042739B1 (fr) 2019-08-21

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CN108993652A (zh) * 2018-06-27 2018-12-14 河南强耐新材股份有限公司 一种圆锥破碎机的动锥及无偏心运动的圆锥破碎机
CN115026973B (zh) * 2022-08-10 2022-11-01 常州市龙吟塑业有限公司 一种基于输血网加工的自动化上料设备

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DE102004057665A1 (de) * 2004-11-29 2006-06-01 Kipp, Jens Werner Strahlanlage ohne Druckbehälter, mit Mahlwerk und Feindosiermöglichkeit, Verfahren und Vorrichtung
DE102009027974B4 (de) 2009-07-23 2011-04-28 Cornel Thorma Metallverarbeitungs Gmbh Mahlwerk für Trockeneisstrahlvorrichtung

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DE102015100308B4 (de) 2016-07-28
DE102015100308A1 (de) 2016-07-14
EP3042739A1 (fr) 2016-07-13

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