EP3042143B1 - Handgun having aiming means - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a target for handguns, in particular a target in which a reflex sight and a laser combination for target marking, as well as lighting, friend-enemy detection (ZEFF), programming ammunition, in particular 40mm grenades with airburst function , and / or distance measurement etc., are combined in the combi-visor described here and are already aligned at the factory. The active target (s) and the passive target (s) are aligned to the weapon via a common adjustment. In addition, the target mark can be moved and text and image information can be displayed for the passive target.

There are partial solutions to this topic, but they do not fully fulfill the functional scope described here.

The DE 42 18 118 C2 discloses a rifle scope, which is provided with adjusting elements and attached to a rifle. Here, a range finder is integrated, which is connected to a processor via a transmitter. This has an exchangeable chip card in which the ballistic characteristics of the projectile used are recorded. On the output side, the processor is connected to an adjusting motor of the adjusting member for changing the height and side of the target optics.

The deals with a sighting device and mounting option DE 10 2004 048 907 A1 , The sighting device has a display device which is a component of a measuring device for the removal of the targeted target. The sighting device has an interface for mounting on the firearm.

A target device comprising at least one target marking, which can be adjusted in height from an ACTUAL position to a TARGET position via an adjusting device of an elevation device, is shown in FIG DE 10 2009 031 258 A1 discussed in more detail.

The DE 10 2009 033 567 A1 discloses a target device for a handgun. The target device comprises at least one active and at least one passive target means. The active targeting means has at least one tactical laser. The active and passive targeting means are adjusted by a common adjustment device for the handgun.

With the WO 2006/084689 A2 describes a target device which has a housing with at least one active and at least one passive targeting means. Both target means are adjusted with respect to the housing by a common adjustment device.

The US 2006/162226 A1 names a target device with at least one active and one passive target means. The active targeting means is formed by at least one tactical laser, the passive targeting means by a reflex sight, that of a display together with a collimating mirror. The passive targeting means is adjusted by an adjustment device with respect to the housing.

The in the US 2005/252062 A1 Published target device consists of at least one tactical laser and a reflex sight, which is formed by a display, preferably a micro display, together with a mirror. This passive aiming means is adjusted by an adjustment device with respect to the housing, the adjustment device being an electrical adjustment unit. The display is fixed in the housing. The electrical adjustment can adjust the target mark on the display.

In US 2012/0097741 A1 describes a targeting device (telescopic sight) in which the image of a display is reflected in the image plane of the reticle and information is thus made available to the user. A laser rangefinder, which is also attached, measures the distance to the target, from which the bullet drop can be calculated and displayed to the user so that he corrects the stopping point. In one version, the system can also be placed in front of a riflescope so that information can be displayed in any riflescope.

From the DE 10 2009 033 567 A1 a fire control device for a handgun is known, which is used to determine and automatically adjust the attachment angle to adapt the ballistics and the side angle, etc. For this purpose, the fire control device is attached to the weapon in such a way that it can be swiveled or rotated automatically or manually to the weapon axis. An optical aiming device is preferably attached above the fire control device and is adjusted with it. The fire control system preferably comprises a red light laser marker as well as an IR laser illuminator and a laser range finder. These can also be partially integrated on the weapon. The attachment of the fire control device to the weapon is subject to a constant correction component due to the alignment during adjustment and a variable component due to tilting during assembly.

From the DE 10 2008 015 423 A1 A sight with a sight for weapons, in particular with ammunition for stretched or inflated trajectories, is known, in which the target remains in the center of the field of vision of the visualization system for the observer even when the tube is raised. The sighting device has at least two optical systems, the first optical system being integrated on the lens side and the further optical system (s) on the eyepiece side. The optical systems can be tilted or rotated, the eyepiece-side optical system being firmly attached to the weapon barrel of the weapon.

Out US 2005/005788 A1 a reflex sight is known in which a laser is used to illuminate a hologram. In one embodiment, the laser can also be used to illuminate a reflective or transmit LCD display in order to display any information in the reflex sight. In a further embodiment, the laser is split into two beams by a beam splitter. One beam is used to illuminate the hologram, the other is deflected via mirrors and used as a target laser. However, this method is limited to using a laser that is suitable both for illuminating the hologram and for target marking.

In the case of target systems in which optical sights and tactical lasers are separated, these aiming means must be individually adjusted to the weapon. The target means are usually adjusted using a target plate. The reference point (pipe axis) and the target positions of the target means must be displayed on the target plate. A separate target plate must be available for each combination of optical visor and tactical laser. If the laser combination includes several lasers, these may also have to be individually adjusted. With IR lasers, this requires additional technical effort in order to make the IR light spot visible. The complete adjustment process of the aiming means to the weapon is therefore usually very complex.

The object of the invention is therefore to realize a combined aiming device consisting of active and passive aiming means, the laser and the passive aiming means having or having to be jointly adjusted as a special property. In addition, the advantages of an adjustable target mark should be used and text and image information should be displayed. If an additional magnifying optic is used, e.g. If a rifle is attached to the weapon, it should be very easy to align with the combi-sight without any additional aids.

The object is achieved in particular by the features of patent claim 1 and patent claim 2. Advantageous embodiments can be found in the subclaims.

The invention is based on the idea that an optical sight (passive aiming means) consisting of a passive aiming means, eg reflex sight, and at least one, preferably several tactical laser (s) (active aiming means for target marking, target illumination, distance measurement and / or others) , can be adjusted in one step using a common adjustment device, thereby reducing the adjustment effort. Passive aiming device and tactical laser are adjusted as a unit from the user to the weapon. The common adjustment device is either designed purely mechanically or a combination of a mechanical and electronic adjustment unit. In the mechanical electrical combination, the alignment of the tactical lasers, which are assembled in the laser block and aligned in the factory in parallel, is sensed and used to electronically shift the target mark in the image of the source of the passive targeting means. This results in a smaller size.

In the laser block, the tactical lasers are already precisely aligned with each other at the factory. The lasers are independent of the reflex sight and can emit radiation in the visible and / or infrared spectral range, both continuously and in pulse mode.

In the adjustment, the passive aiming means is preferably aligned in the usual way with respect to the weapon axis, because it offers the direct view and thus, in addition to the adjustment via the target plate, also allows the weapon to be fired. Once the passive aiming device has been adjusted, all lasers integrated in the device are then adjusted to the weapon. Further adjustment work or special IR sighting means are not necessary.

The passive target means has a micro display as the source, which is collimated by a mirror. The brightness of the source is variable. It can be reduced to such an extent that glare-free vision is possible with a residual light amplifier (BiV glasses).

Any shape can be displayed and changed as a target by the micro display. It can also be used to display information in the form of text, numbers and images. The target can be adjusted in the reflex sight so that the required elevation of the weapon, which is dependent on the distance, is displayed. A dynamic page layout can also be displayed. This can be calculated directly from the measured rotational movement and the target distance and displayed to the shooter by adjusting the target.

The integrated ballistics function can determine the new stopping point of the weapon and indicate it to the shooter from the target distance that was measured with the laser rangefinder (LEM) or entered externally. This adjustment of the stopping point to the distance to the destination can be done automatically. This makes it easier for the shooter to aim at long distances, since the reticle does not have to be adjusted manually, nor does it have to focus on other targets in the reticle.

In a continuation of the invention, a telescopic sight (or telescope) can also be attached to the device. This is placed behind the reflex sight. As a result, the target marking and the information also appear in the reticle of the telescopic sight. This also allows the telescopic sight to be adjusted in parallel without further aids to the laser combination and the reflex sight, in that the crosshairs of the telescopic sight and the target mark of the reflex sight are brought to cover. Furthermore, all information (eg measured distance, ZEFF query result) can also be read in the telescopic sight. This means that the shooter does not have to take his eyes off the target to read information from a display. In addition, the information can also be seen with night vision glasses, which typically depict objects far away in sharp focus. It is not necessary to adjust the focus of the glasses.

Fig. 1

einen off-axis Parabolspiegel mit korrigierter konvexer Fläche für eine aberrationsfreie Durchsicht,

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht des Combi Visiers mit rein mechanischer Justagevorrichtung

Fig. 3

eine Frontansicht,

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht mit optionalem Zielfernrohr;

Fig. 5

eine Seitenansicht des Combi Visiers mit der Kombination von mechanischer und elektrischer Verstelleinheit

Fig. 6

ein Blockschaltbild des Gesamtsystems.

The invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with a drawing. It shows:

Fig. 1

an off-axis parabolic mirror with corrected convex surface for an aberration-free view,

Fig. 2

a side view of the combi visor with purely mechanical adjustment device

Fig. 3

a front view,

Fig. 4

a side view with optional scope;

Fig. 5

a side view of the combi visor with the combination of mechanical and electrical adjustment unit

Fig. 6

a block diagram of the overall system.

A reflex sight 50 is realized by collimating a micro display 8 as a source via a mirror 1, preferably in an off-axis parabolic design. Other mirror shapes are also conceivable. The mirror 1 is designed in such a way that one interface is provided with a reflective layer which only reflects the light 11 emitted by the display (preferably reflection in the narrow wavelength range, but polarization is also conceivable. The other interface is shaped such that transmitted light 10 is as free from aberrations as possible. The light 11 of the display 8 is optimally collimated and is superimposed on the incident light 10, which is transmitted through the partially transparent mirror 1 ( Fig. 1 ).

Fig. 2 shows a side view of the combi-visor 100 with a purely mechanical adjustment device, with the collimating mirror 1 and a neutral filter 2, a laser combination 3, the mechanical adjustment or adjustment device for laser and reflex sight 4, a housing 5 and a mechanical connection 6. Die Adjustment device 4 in turn comprises an adjustment 4.1 and a bearing 4.2. 7 is a window and 8 is the display.

The display 8 forms, together with the collimating mirror 1, the reflex sight 50, in which, in addition to the target mark, information (e.g. distance display of the LEM, result of the ZEFF query) can also be displayed. The shape of the target can be set as desired on the display 8. A dot, ring or cross shape is preferred.

The variable, tunable neutral density filter 2 is located on the object side in front of this mirror 1. This neutral filter 2 serves to increase the contrast between the collimated display 8 and the observed environment, by reducing the transmitted light when looking through the mirror 1. The transmission of the neutral filter 2 can also be reduced to such an extent that the information shown on the display 8 becomes the dominant image.

The neutral filter 2 is preferably carried out through an electro-chrome glass. Photochromic glass, two mutually rotatable polarization filters or a neutral filter with constant transmission are also conceivable. The transmission of the neutral filter 2 can be varied manually. An automatic control via a brightness sensor 13 ( Fig. 5 ) is preferred. It can also be a combination of automatic regulation and manual control. With minimal transmission, the reflex sight 50 can then also be used to display image sequences.

The display 8 and the tactical laser combination 3 (e.g. target markers, illuminators, infrared and / or visual; target detection Freund Feind and / or LEM 9) are uniquely aligned at the factory and connected in such a way that they can be combined as a unit by the user Weapon can be adjusted.

The factory alignment of the active targeting means takes place in such a way that the collimating optics of the laser modules 3 are shifted to the source of the lasers in such a way that an existing misalignment between the laser modules 3 with one another and the LEM 9 (if present) is compensated for. The aim is to align all lasers in parallel.

In the purely mechanical adjustment device, the display 8 is firmly connected to the lasers 3 (and LEM 9) aligned in parallel via a mechanical connection 6. The display 8 is collimated via a mirror 1 described above. A target sight 50 is produced by displaying a target mark. The target mark can now be shifted in the image of the display 8 such that the target mark shown in the target sight 50 is parallel to the lasers 3. This basic setting is made at the factory and saved internally as the origin. Then all the targeting means can be aligned together with an adjustment device 4.

In the construction, it must be taken into account that the lever arm with which the display 8 is displaced must correspond to the focal length of the mirror 1. This is the only way to ensure that the path by which the display 8 is displaced corresponds to an angular displacement of the image 11 which is identical to the angular adjustment of the lasers. It is also important that the adjustment 4.1 is in front of the bearing 4.2, since otherwise the change in angle of the display and the laser are of the same magnitude, but are opposite. The display 8 radiates from the housing 5 through a window 7. As a result, the light 11 from the mirror 1 can be collimated. At the same time, the display 8 is protected from environmental influences.

Fig. 5 shows in a further representation the combined adjustment of mechanical adjustment of the laser block and an electrical adjustment of the target of the reflex sight. The mechanical adjustment of the laser block is recorded here via angle sensors 13.1 and the target mark in the image of the display 8 is shifted accordingly. The display 8 is not connected to the lasers by a mechanism, but is fixed in the housing 5 and aligned with the mirror 1. A shorter design is possible with this solution variant ( Fig. 5 ).

With the distance measured with the LEM 9 or entered externally and the known ballistics, the target mark can be adjusted on the display 8 in such a way that the necessary increase in the weapon is specified taking into account the ballistics of ammunition and weapon (not shown in more detail). Further influencing variables on the ballistics, such as temperature, air pressure and inclination of the weapon, can be detected by sensors 13 and can also be taken into account in the calculation. The necessary elevation of the weapon is preferably calculated using a ballistics function 20 which is integrated in the microprocessor 21.

A dynamic lead can also be shown on the display, since the target only has to be shifted sideways. With an additional rotation sensor 13.2 and a LEM 9, the necessary dynamic lead can also be calculated directly from the known rotary movement and target distance and displayed to the shooter by adjusting the target.

Furthermore, the function of a shot counter 19 can be integrated in the device 100. The shot and / or available ammunition is displayed to the shooter via the reflex sight. A display of the loaded type of ammunition is also conceivable.

A white light lamp 16 can also be integrated in the device 100. This lamp preferably uses an LED as a lamp, but a halogen lamp is also conceivable.

The power supply 15 of the overall system combi-visor 100 is preferably implemented using batteries. A supply from an external source is also possible.

Furthermore, an external data interface is also conceivable, which can be implemented as a wire 17 or radio interface 18.

Furthermore, the combi-visor 100 has control elements 14 for activating the lasers 3; the distance measurement by the LEM 9 and other typical functions of the device 100. The operating elements 14 can be simple buttons, but also multifunctional selection switches.

If a telescopic sight 12 is also to be used, it can be placed in front of the combi-sight 100 as seen in the firing direction. A corresponding mechanical bracket is provided. The mirror 1 of the reflex sight 50 is then in front of the telescopic sight 12 ( Fig. 4 ). As a result, the parallel beam of rays of the display 11 and the parallel beam of the observed distant object 10 pass through the telescopic sight 12 together. Both beams are focused in the reticle of the telescopic sight 12, and the images overlap. As a result, both images (observed object and information from the reflex sight) are visible at the same time. All of the representations / displays of the reflex sight 50 described above can then also be seen in the telescopic sight 12. Furthermore, the telescopic sight 12 can be adjusted in parallel to the reflex sight 50 and thus to the lasers 3 without any aids. For this purpose, only the reticle of the telescopic sight 12 and the target marking of the reflex sight 50 have to be made to coincide.

In Fig. 6 the overall system 100 described above is shown in the form of a block diagram.

The active target means 3 are used for target marking, such as lighting, friend-enemy detection (ZEFF), programming ammunition, in particular with an airburst function, and / or distance measurement, etc.

Claims (14)

1. Handgun having an aiming device (100), comprising a housing (5) and at least one active aiming means (3) and also at least one passive aiming means (50), wherein the active aiming means (3) has at least one tactical laser, wherein the passive aiming means (50) is a reflecting gunsight, which is formed by a display (8) together with a collimating mirror (1), wherein the mirror (1) reflects a light (11) emitted by the display, characterized in that the active and the passive aiming means (3, 50) are adjusted in relation to the handgun by a common adjusting device (4), wherein the common adjusting device (4) is of a purely mechanical design, wherein the adjusting device (4) is mechanically (6) connected to the active aiming means (3) and the display (8) of the passive aiming means (50), wherein the adjusting device (4) consists of an adjustment (4.1) and a bearing (4.2), wherein the adjustment (4.1) is located ahead of the bearing (4.2) and wherein the lever arm by which the display (8) is displaced corresponds to the focal length of the mirror (1).
2. Handgun having an aiming device (100), comprising a housing (5) and at least one active aiming means (3) and also at least one passive aiming means (50), wherein the active aiming means (3) has at least one tactical laser, wherein the passive aiming means (50) is a reflecting gunsight, which is formed by a display (8) together with a collimating mirror (1), wherein the mirror (1) reflects a light (11) emitted by the display, characterized in that the active and the passive aiming means (3, 50) are adjusted in relation to the handgun by a common adjusting device (4), wherein the common adjusting device (4) is a combination of a mechanical adjusting unit and an electrical adjusting unit, and wherein the display (8) is securely fixed in the housing (5) and aligned with the mirror (1), wherein the mechanical adjusting unit consists of an adjustment (4.1) and a bearing (4.2), whereby the active aiming means (3) is adjusted, and wherein the electrical adjustment adjusts a target mark on the display (8) in accordance with the adjustment of the active aiming means (3).
3. Handgun having an aiming device (100) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the active aiming means (3) are combined to form a laser combination (3) in the form of a laser block.
4. Handgun having an aiming device (100) according to Claim 3, characterized in that the laser combination (3) comprises a target marker, an illuminator, a friend-or-foe target identification and/or a laser rangefinder, which emit in the visible and/or infrared spectral range.
5. Handgun having an aiming device (100) according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the display (8) and the laser combination (3) are aligned parallel to one another at the factory.
6. Handgun having an aiming device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the display (8) is a micro-display.
7. Handgun having an aiming device (100) according to Claim 6, characterized in that any desired forms are presented and changed in the micro-display (8) as the target mark, information also being presented in the form of text, numbers and images.
8. Handgun having an aiming device (100) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the form of the target mark is the form of a point, the form of a ring or the form of a cross.
9. Handgun having an aiming device (100) according to one of Claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the mechanical adjustment of the laser block is detected by means of an angle encoder (13.1).
10. Handgun having an aiming device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a telescopic sight (12) can be incorporated, wherein the telescopic sight (12) is placed behind the reflecting gunsight (50).
11. Handgun having an aiming device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a neutral density filter (2), which is variably tunable, is arranged ahead of the mirror (1) on the object side.
12. Handgun having an aiming device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that there are sensors (13), with which variables influencing the ballistics, such as the temperature, atmospheric pressure and inclination of the weapon, are sensed.
13. Handgun having an aiming device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the target mark is adjusted such that the required elevation of the weapon, which is range-dependent, is indicated, while similarly a dynamic deflection may be shown.
14. Handgun having an aiming device (100) according to one of Claims 2 to 13, characterized by a microprocessor (21) with a ballistic function (20).

Images