EP3039001A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von glycolen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung von glycolen

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Publication number
EP3039001A1
EP3039001A1 EP14755075.0A EP14755075A EP3039001A1 EP 3039001 A1 EP3039001 A1 EP 3039001A1 EP 14755075 A EP14755075 A EP 14755075A EP 3039001 A1 EP3039001 A1 EP 3039001A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reactor
reactors
starting material
process according
hydrogen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14755075.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3039001B1 (de
Inventor
Evert Van Der Heide
Pieter HUIZENGA
Govinda Subbanna WAGLE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Publication date
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Priority to EP14755075.0A priority Critical patent/EP3039001B1/de
Publication of EP3039001A1 publication Critical patent/EP3039001A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3039001B1 publication Critical patent/EP3039001B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/132—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • B01J21/066—Zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • B01J21/08—Silica
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • B01J23/28—Molybdenum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • B01J23/30—Tungsten
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
    • B01J23/462—Ruthenium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
    • B01J23/8933—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/8993—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/60—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of -OH groups, e.g. by dehydration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of ethylene and propylene glycols from saccharide-containing feedstock.
  • Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are valuable materials with a multitude of commercial applications, e.g. as heat transfer media, antifreeze, and precursors to polymers, such as PET.
  • Ethylene and propylene glycols are typically made on an industrial scale by hydrolysis of the corresponding alkylene oxides, which are the oxidation products of ethylene and propylene, produced from fossil fuels.
  • An important aim in this area is the provision of a process that is high yielding in desirable products, such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, and that can be carried out in a commercially viable manner.
  • a preferred methodology for a commercial scale process would be to use continuous flow technology, wherein feed is
  • Continuous flow processes may be carried out in a reactor operating in essentially a plug flow manner. In such a system there is little or no back-mixing. At the start of the reactor there will be a high concentration of reactants. The concentration of starting materials decreases as the material moves through the reactor as a x plug' and the reaction proceeds. Problems occur when the high concentration of reactants causes decomposition and the formation of by-products, leading to reduced yields of the desired products.
  • a continuous flow process with a high degree of back mixing may be also carried out, for example, in a continuous flow stirred tank reactor.
  • concentration of reactants at any one point will be much reduced, preventing any decomposition due to high concentrations.
  • material that does not react to completion will be some material that does not react to completion. This results in a product stream that contains starting material and/or intermediates, reducing the overall yield of the process and requiring separation of the starting material/intermediate from the desired product and disposal or recycling thereof.
  • the present invention provides a continuous process for the preparation of ethylene glycol and 1 , 2-propylene glycol from starting material
  • the present inventors have surprisingly found that using a multiple reactor system comprising a reactor with mixing followed by a reactor operating essentially with plug flow provides a process in which substantially complete conversion of saccharides can be achieved in the conversion of saccharides to ethylene glycol and 1,2- propylene glycol .
  • the starting material for the subject process comprises at least one saccharide selected from the group consisting of monosaccharides, disaccharides,
  • oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
  • polysaccharides include cellulose, hemicelluloses, starch, glycogen, chitin and mixtures thereof. If the starting material comprises oligosaccharides or
  • pre-treatment methods are known in the art and one or more may be selected from the group including, but not limited to, sizing, drying, grinding, hot water treatment, steam treatment, hydrolysis, pyrolysis, thermal treatment, chemical treatment, biological treatment.
  • the starting material supplied to the first reactor after any pre-treatment comprises one or more saccharide selected from the group consisting of glucose, sucrose and starch.
  • Said saccharide is suitably present as a solution, a suspension or a slurry in the solvent .
  • the solvent may be water or a Ci to C 6 alcohol or mixtures thereof.
  • the solvent is water.
  • Further solvent may also be added to the reactor in a separate feed stream or may be added to the saccharide- containing feed stream before it enters the reactor.
  • Said solvent is also suitably water or a Ci to C 6 alcohol or mixtures thereof.
  • both solvents are the same. More preferably, both solvents comprise water.
  • both solvents are water.
  • the starting material is reacted with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst system in the first reactor.
  • a catalyst system may also be present in the second reactor.
  • the second reactor is operated in the absence of a catalyst system. In such an embodiment, it is possible that some minor amount of catalyst system from the first reactor is present in the second reactor, but no catalyst system is provided in the second reactor.
  • the catalyst system used in each of the reactors may be the same or different.
  • a further advantage of the invention is that different catalysts, tailored to the feed being supplied to each reactor, may be used in each reactor .
  • Each catalyst system and the components contained therein may be heterogeneous or homogeneous with respect to the solvent or solvents present in the reactors during the process of the present invention.
  • a homogeneous catalyst system is used in the first reactor.
  • the catalyst system may remain in the first reactor product stream and be supplied to the second reactor within that stream.
  • a separation step may be included between the two reactors to allow any catalyst in the first reactor product stream to be separated and, optionally, recycled to the first reactor.
  • a further, preferably different, catalyst system may then be present in the second reactor.
  • This further catalyst system can be present in the second reactor as a heterogeneous system or may be another homogeneous catalyst system added to the second reactor, or the first reactor product stream before it enters the second reactor. Alternatively, no catalyst system may be present in the second reactor.
  • heterogeneous catalyst system is used in the first reactor.
  • the second reactor may also contain the same or a different heterogeneous catalyst system or no catalyst system.
  • the catalyst system present in the second reactor may be a homogeneous catalyst system added to the second reactor, or to the first reactor product stream before it enters the second reactor.
  • each catalyst system may also contain both heterogeneous and
  • the catalyst systems and any components contained therein may be preloaded into the reactors or, if they are in liquid form or present as a solution or slurry in a solvent, they may be fed into the reactor as required in a continuous or discontinuous manner during the process of the present invention.
  • the catalyst system used preferably comprises at least two active catalytic components comprising, as a first active catalyst component, one or more materials selected from transition metals from groups 8, 9 or 10 or compounds thereof, with catalytic hydrogenation capabilities; and, as a second active catalyst component, one or more materials selected from tungsten, molybdenum and compounds and complexes thereof.
  • the first active catalyst component consists of one or more of the group selected from iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium and platinum.
  • This component may be present in the elemental form or as a compound. It is also suitable that this component is present in chemical combination with one or more other ingredients in the catalyst system. It is required that the first active catalyst component has catalytic hydrogenation capabilities and it is capable of catalysing the hydrogenation of material present in the reactor.
  • the second active catalyst component comprises of one or more compound, complex or elemental material comprising tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, niobium, chromium, titanium or zirconium. More
  • the second active catalyst component comprises one or more material selected from the list consisting of tungstic acid, molybdic acid, ammonium tungstate, ammonium metatungstate, ammonium paratungstate, tungstate compounds comprising at least one Group I or II element, metatungstate compounds comprising at least one Group I or II element, paratungstate compounds comprising at least one Group I or II element, heteropoly compounds of tungsten, heteropoly compounds of molybdenum, tungsten oxides, molybdenum oxides, vanadium oxides,
  • metavanadates chromium oxides, chromium sulfate, titanium ethoxide, zirconium acetate, zirconium
  • the metal component is in a form other than a carbide, nitride, or phosphide.
  • the second active catalyst component is in a form other than a carbide, nitride, or phosphide.
  • At least one of the active catalyst components is supported on a solid support.
  • any other active catalyst component may be present in either heterogeneous or homogeneous form. Said any other active catalyst component may also be supported on a solid support.
  • the first active catalyst component is supported on one solid support and the second active catalyst component is supported on a second solid support which may comprise the same or different material.
  • both active catalyst components are supported on one solid support .
  • the solid supports may be in the form of a powder or in the form of regular or irregular shapes such as spheres, extrudates, pills, pellets, tablets, monolithic structures. Alternatively, the solid supports may be present as surface coatings, for examples on the surfaces of tubes or heat exchangers. Suitable solid support materials are those known to the skilled person and include, but are not limited to aluminas, silicas, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, carbon, activated carbon, zeolites, clays, silica alumina and mixtures thereof.
  • the weight ratio of the active catalyst components may be varied between the first and second reactors and it may be advantageous to alter the composition of the catalyst systems between the reactors to suit the different feed streams provided to each reactor.
  • the weight ratio of the first active catalyst component (based on the amount of metal in said
  • the weight ratio of the second active catalyst component (based on the amount of metal in said component) to sugar is suitably in the range of from 1:10 to 1:100.
  • the temperature in each of the reactors is suitably at least 130°C, preferably at least 150°C, more
  • the temperature in the reactor is suitably at most 300 °C, preferably at most 280°C, more preferably at most 270°C, even more preferably at most 250°C.
  • the reactor is heated to a temperature within these limits before addition of any starting material and is maintained at such a temperature until all reaction is complete .
  • the pressure in each of the reactors is suitably at least 1 MPa, preferably at least 2 MPa, more preferably at least 3 MPa.
  • the pressure in the reactor is suitably at most 12 MPa, preferably at most 10 MPa, more
  • the reactor is pressurised to a pressure within these limits by addition of hydrogen before addition of any starting material and is maintained at such a pressure until all reaction is complete through on-going addition of hydrogen.
  • the process of the present invention takes place in the presence of hydrogen.
  • the process of the present reaction takes place in the absence of air or oxygen.
  • concentrations of the materials in the reactor is relatively consistent throughout.
  • the degree of mixing for a reactor is measured in terms of a Peclet number.
  • An ideally-stirred tank reactor would have a Peclet number of 0.
  • the Peclet number is preferably at most 0.4, more preferably at most 0.2, even more preferably at most 0.1, most preferably at most
  • Suitable reactors to be used as the first reactor include those considered to be continuous stirred tank reactor may be used as the first reactor. Examples include slurry reactors, ebbulated bed reactors, jet flow reactors, mechanically agitated reactors, bubble columns, such as slurry bubble columns and external recycle loop reactors . The use of these reactors allows dilution of the reaction mixture to an extent that provides high degrees of selectivity to the desired glycol product (mainly ethylene and propylene glycols) .
  • Suitable reactors operating with essentially plug flow include, but are not limited to, tubular reactors, pipe reactors, falling film reactors, staged reactors, packed bed reactors and shell and tube type heat exchangers.
  • the plug flow reactor may for example be operated in the transition area between laminar and turbulent flow or in the turbulent area, such that a homogenous and uniform reaction profile is created.
  • a plug flow may for example be created in a tubular reactor. It may also be created in a compartmentalized tubular reactor or in another reactor or series of reactors having multiple compartments being transported forward, where preferably each of these compartments are essentially completely mixed.
  • An example of a tubular reactor may also be created in a compartmentalized tubular reactor or in another reactor or series of reactors having multiple compartments being transported forward, where preferably each of these compartments are essentially completely mixed.
  • compartmentalized tubular reactor operated at plug flow may be a tubular reactor comprising a screw.
  • Such a reactor cannot typically be applied to the conversion of saccharides to ethylene glycol and
  • propylene glycol as the concentration of saccharide at the inlet to the reactor and at the early points of the reactor would lead to an unacceptable high level of sugar degradation and fouling under the reaction conditions required .
  • At least 50wt% of the starting material undergoes reaction in the first reactor. More preferably at least 70wt%, even more preferably at least 80wt%, even more preferably at least 90wt%, most preferably at least 95wt% of the starting material undergoes reaction in the first reactor.
  • the residence time in the first reactor is suitably at least 1 minute, preferably at least 2 minutes, more preferably at least 5 minutes.
  • the residence time in the first reactor is no more than 5 hours, preferably no more than 2 hours, more preferably no more than 1 hour.
  • step (v) of the process of the invention suitably at least 98wt%, preferably at least 99wt%, more preferably at least 99.5wt% of the starting material has reacted to
  • Reacting to completion means that the starting material and any unsaturated components such as hydroxyl-ketones and hydroxyl-aldehydes are no longer present in the reaction mixture.
  • the reactor was then cooled to room temperature in
  • the reactor liquid (30ml) from Example 1 and 0.300g of a Ru(1.0)/SiO 2 catalyst were charged into a 60 ml autoclave equipped with a gas stirrer and hydrogen supply.
  • the autoclave was closed, and the gas phase was replaced by nitrogen, then by hydrogen.
  • the autoclave was then pressurized to 30 bara.
  • the autoclave was stirred at 1450 rpm, heated to 195°C in 15 minutes, pressurised to 85 bara and kept at reaction conditions for 75 minutes. Such conditions are representative of a plug flow reactor.
  • the reactor was then cooled down to room temperature in 15 minutes, depres surised, opened and a liquid sample was taken for analysis . Yields of MEG, MPG and 1 , 2-butanediol (1, 2-BDO) have been quantified by GC-FID, applying a CPSil-5 column. Yields are shown in Table 2.
  • the filtered combined sample liquid (30ml) from Example 1 and 0.200g of a Ru(1.0)/SiO 2 catalyst were charged into a 60 ml autoclave equipped with a gas stirrer and hydrogen supply.
  • the autoclave was closed, and the gas phase was replaced by nitrogen, then by hydrogen.
  • the autoclave was pressurized to 30 bara.
  • the autoclave was stirred at 1450 rpm, heated to 195°C in 15 minutes, pressurised to 85 bara and kept at reaction conditions for 75 minutes.
  • the reactor was then cooled to room temperature in 15 minutes, depressurised, opened and a liquid sample was taken for analysis. Yields of MEG, MPG and 1 , 2-butanediol (1, 2-BDO) have been
  • the total amount of glucose intake is 6 gram, corresponding to a cumulative concentration of 20%wt glucose.
  • Samples were removed after 1 minute and 5 minutes of reaction and the reaction was then allowed to continue for 75 minutes.
  • the reactor was then cooled to room temperature in 15 minutes, depressurised, opened, a liquid sample of 0.3 ml was taken for analysis, yields of MEG, MPG and 1,2- butanediol (1, 2-BDO) were quantified by GC-FID, applying a CPSil-5 column. Yields are shown in Table 3.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
EP14755075.0A 2013-08-26 2014-08-22 Verfahren zur herstellung von glykolen Active EP3039001B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14755075.0A EP3039001B1 (de) 2013-08-26 2014-08-22 Verfahren zur herstellung von glykolen

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13181707 2013-08-26
PCT/EP2014/067885 WO2015028398A1 (en) 2013-08-26 2014-08-22 Process for the preparation of glycols
EP14755075.0A EP3039001B1 (de) 2013-08-26 2014-08-22 Verfahren zur herstellung von glykolen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3039001A1 true EP3039001A1 (de) 2016-07-06
EP3039001B1 EP3039001B1 (de) 2018-07-25

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EP14755075.0A Active EP3039001B1 (de) 2013-08-26 2014-08-22 Verfahren zur herstellung von glykolen

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9745234B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3039001B1 (de)
CN (1) CN105517983B (de)
BR (1) BR112016003939B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2920992C (de)
RU (1) RU2674144C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2015028398A1 (de)

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JP7094894B2 (ja) 2016-06-03 2022-07-04 アイオワ・コーン・プロモーション・ボード アルドヘキソースを生じる炭水化物のエチレングリコールへの高度に選択的な変換のための連続プロセス
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CN110023273B (zh) * 2016-12-07 2023-03-28 国际壳牌研究有限公司 用于制备二醇的方法
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US9745234B2 (en) 2017-08-29
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CN105517983A (zh) 2016-04-20
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