EP3038069B1 - Treiberschaltung, Busmaster-Vorrichtung, Branderkennungssystem und Alarmsystem mit der Treiberschaltung - Google Patents
Treiberschaltung, Busmaster-Vorrichtung, Branderkennungssystem und Alarmsystem mit der Treiberschaltung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3038069B1 EP3038069B1 EP14199619.9A EP14199619A EP3038069B1 EP 3038069 B1 EP3038069 B1 EP 3038069B1 EP 14199619 A EP14199619 A EP 14199619A EP 3038069 B1 EP3038069 B1 EP 3038069B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bus
- master device
- driver circuit
- bus master
- switching elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007175 bidirectional communication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/04—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using a single signalling line, e.g. in a closed loop
- G08B25/045—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using a single signalling line, e.g. in a closed loop with sensing devices and central station in a closed loop, e.g. McCullough loop
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B26/00—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station
- G08B26/001—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station with individual interrogation of substations connected in parallel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/02—Monitoring continuously signalling or alarm systems
- G08B29/06—Monitoring of the line circuits, e.g. signalling of line faults
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/12—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems
- G08B29/123—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems of line circuits
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to a driver circuit, a bus master device, a fire detections system and a burglar alarming system using the driver circuit.
- Alarm systems which have a control module or bus master device to which subscribers are connected by means of a two-wire line, said subscribers receiving from the control module, via the two-wire line operated as a field bus, both a power supply voltage and communication messages in the form of pulse trains impressed on the power supply voltage as voltage modulation.
- the two-wire line to which the subscribers are connected in parallel may have a length of between 1000 and 2000 m, for example, and is frequently routed in a loop or ring shape, i.e. it starts and ends at the bus master device.
- the two-wire line is also referred to simply as a field bus.
- the subscribers may be sensors, e.g. fire or burglar alarms, and/or actuators, such as light-signal or sound-signal generators.
- the power supply voltage for the subscribers may be in the range from 20 to 40 volts, for example, at the start of the two-wire line.
- the communication between the bus master device and the subscribers is handled on the basis of a digital communication protocol.
- the communication protocol defines time slots or time windows which are used to transmit pulses and pulse trains as data messages which represent addresses, commands and reports, in particular.
- the pulses may comprise starting pulses with a length of 1 ms, for example, synchronization or separating pulses with a length of 0.5 ms, for example, and pulse trains representing bit-coded messages, with a single pulse length of between 100 and 200 ⁇ s, for example.
- Each subscriber has a communication interface connected to the two-wire line, e.g. a UART interface for its microcontroller, which microcontroller detects and processes the pulses and pulse trains.
- a communication interface connected to the two-wire line, e.g. a UART interface for its microcontroller, which microcontroller detects and processes the pulses and pulse trains.
- Such a system is disclosed for example in DE 102011010922.6 A1 .
- This document shows a bus master device having subscribers connected to it by a two-wire line.
- the subscribers receive via the two-wire line both a power supply voltage and communication messages in the form of pulse trains impressed on the power supply voltage as voltage modulation.
- the subscribers are provided with a transformer, which is provided to reduce power supply voltage of an internal value which is lower than the power supply voltage at least by the voltage swing of the pulses of the communication messages on the two-wire line.
- a simple in-phase regulator is used as transformer.
- bus master device are equipped with a class A, B or AB power amplifier with additional drive level/discharge circuitry, resulting in the following disadvantages.
- the protocol/communication level cannot be generated universally (e.g. software defined), they are usually fixed and dependent on hardware. Rise and fall times and thus the transmission frequency are also hardware dependent.
- the power dissipation of the output transistors is very high.
- the efficiency is only about 50 % to 70 %.
- EP 2 428 942 A1 discloses a circuit with a plurality of bus members wherein the connection and disconnection of the bus members are controlled from a central unit by switches.
- the present invention has been made in order to overcome the above problems.
- a driver circuit for a two wired loop bus comprising a first capacitance element connected between two input voltage supplies, a second capacitance element connected between two output voltage supplies, a first series connection of two switching elements connected between the two input voltage supplies, a second series connection of two switching elements connected between the two output voltage supplies, and an inductance, one end of which being connected between the two switching elements of the first series connection, and the other end thereof being connected between the two switching elements of the second series connection.
- the driver circuit comprises four diodes each being connected so as to bridge one of the switching elements.
- a bus master device for a two wired loop bus comprising a drive circuit as recited above, a current measuring element for measuring the current through the drive circuit, a controller for controlling the switching of the switching elements.
- the bus master device can be configured so that the controller controls the switching of the switching elements with different pre-set timings, so as to provide different voltage levels on the two wired loop bus.
- the bus master device is configured so as to switch the first switch of the first series connection and the second switch of the second serious connection synchronously.
- a further aspect of the invention is directed to a fire detection system comprising a bus master device as recited above and a two wired loop bus comprising a plurality of fire detecting devices connected between the two wires of the bus.
- the invention provides a burglar alarm system comprising a bus master device as recited above and a two wired loop bus comprising a plurality of burglar detecting devices and/or alarming devices connected between the two wires of the bus.
- the alarm systems comprises a control center or bus master device 29 (possibly also subordinate control centers).
- the bus master device 29 has both the start and the end of a two-wire line 11, 13 connected to it.
- the two-wire line 11, 13 has numerous subscribers T01, T02, ... T10 electrically connected to it in parallel at intervals.
- the two-wire line 11, 13 provides the power supply voltage for the subscribers T01, T02, ... T10 and is simultaneously used for bidirectional communication between the bus master device 29 and the subscribers T01, T02,... T10.
- the two-wire line 11, 13 is therefore also referred to as a ring or loop bus for short.
- the subscribers T01, T02, ... T10 can be e.g. fire detectors, burglar detectors, alarming devices and so on.
- FIG 1 is a simplified figure showing the configuration of such an alarm system.
- the loop bus can connect up to 123 subscribers T01, T02, ... T10 and supplies the corresponding operating voltage.
- the loop bus is also configured to allow a digital communication between the subscribers T01, T02, ... T10 and the bus master device, e.g. by means of a pulse modulation technique.
- the subscribers can have the function of detectors or may have the function of alarming devices, like flash lights or acoustic alarms.
- FIG. 2 shows the bus master device 29 in more detail.
- the bus master device 29 mainly comprises a controller 25 for controlling the operation of the bus master device 29 and of the loop bus, a memory 17 for storing operation data and control data for the bus master device 29, a driver circuit 19for providing the operation voltage and the control signals for the loop bus and switching units 21, 23 for the connection of the output of the driver circuit 19 with the input side of the two wires 11, 13 of the loop bus. Additionally the bus master device might comprise a current detector 15 for detecting the current output by the driver circuit 19.
- the bus master device 29 can be connected on a primary side, opposite to the loop bus side, with a communication bus, which in turn might be connected to a central control controlling a plurality of bus master devices. Additionally the bus master device is connected to a power supply and comprises a power converter to provide an internal operation voltage, e.g. 42 V, which is supplied to the input side of the driver circuit 19.
- the bus master device 29 can comprise further elements dedicated to different control operations and to the internal operation of the bus master device 29. Which will not be explained in further detail in this application.
- Figure 3 shows in more detail the driver circuit 19 of Figure 2 .
- the input side of the driver circuit 19 is connected between ground 3 and an internal voltage line 5 of the bus master device 29, which form input voltage supplies of the driver circuit.
- the output side of the driver circuit is connected between ground 7 and an output voltage line 9 of the bus master device 29, which together form output voltage supplies.
- the output voltage supplies 7, 9 are connected with respective wires of the loop bus 11, 13.
- a first capacitance element C1 is connected between ground 3 and the internal voltage line 5.
- the capacitor C1 is not specially limited to a particular capacitor type.
- any type of switch like transistors, can be used.
- the transistors are not limited to a particular transistor type. For example the use of FETs or of bi-polar n-channel or p-channel transistors is possible.
- a respective diode D1, D2 connected parallel to a respective switch S1, S2.
- the diodes are provided with the identical orientation and so as to block a current flowing from the internal voltage line 5 to ground 3, while allowing the flow of a current in the opposite direction.
- a second capacitance element C2 is connected between ground 7 and the output voltage line 9.
- the capacitor C2 is not specially limited to a particular capacitor type.
- any type of switch like transistors, can be used.
- the transistors are not limited to a particular transistor type. For example the use of FETs or of bi-polar n-channel or p-channel transistors is possible.
- a respective diode D3, D4 connected parallel to a respective switch S3, S4.
- the diodes are provided with the identical orientation and so as to block a current flowing from the output voltage line 9 to ground 7, while allowing the flow of a current in the opposite direction.
- the switching elements S1 to S4 are operated under the control of the control unit 25 of the master bus device 29.
- the switching elements S1 and S4 are operated at the same timing.
- the switching elements S1 and S4 are in the open state, while the switching elements S2 and S3 are closed, the internal voltage of the master bus device 29 will charge the capacitor C1.
- the output voltage line 9 will be supplied with the energy stored in the inductance L1 and the capacitor C2.
- T is the sum of t on (S1, S4) and t off (S1, S4)
- t on (S1, S4) is the time during which the switching elements S1 and S4 are closed while t on (S1, S4) / t off (S1, S4) is the time during which S1 and S4 are open.
- the duty cycle dc will be T/t on (S1, S4).
- the driver circuit operates as a buck-boost converter.
- the two operating states of a buck-boost converter are: a) when the switching elements S1, S4 are turned on, the input voltage source supplies current to the inductance L1, and the capacitor C2 supplies current to the loop bus (output load). When the switching elements S1, S4 are opened, the inductance supplies current to the bus loop.
- the bus master device can be used for a plurality of different loop buses having different bus protocols regarding the voltage levels, slew rates and so on, without a modification of the hardware, simply by controlling the switching of the switching elements S1 to S4.
- a switched mode driver circuitry is used instead of using the former described type of amplifier, i.e. A, B or AB power amplifier with additional drive level/discharge circuitry.
- the basic principle is well known and used for example in switching voltage regulators. But is has never been used as driver for two wired loop systems.
- the invention uses a cascaded buck-boost topology with four switches/transistors, four diodes (in case of FETs the bulk diodes can be used) and one inductor.
- the communication levels can be easily set.
- the output voltage is only dependent on the input voltage, which can be assumed as nearly constant in this application, and the turn on/off time of the switching element pair S1, S4.
- the solution offers software defined protocol/communication levels and the reduction of the transmission frequency/slew rate if necessary.
- a further advantage is a highly reduced power dissipation (efficiency > 90 %), a good energy recovery and an integrated current measurement with the current detector 15.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
Claims (7)
- Treiberschaltung für einen doppeldrahtigen Schleifenbus, aufweisend:ein erstes Kapazitätselement (C1), das zwischen zwei Eingangsspannungsquellen (3, 5) geschaltet ist;ein zweites Kapazitätselement (C2), das zwischen zwei Ausgangsspannungsquellen (7, 9) geschaltet ist;eine erste Reihenschaltung von zwei Schaltelementen (S1, S2), die zwischen den beiden Eingangsspannungsquellen (3, 5) geschaltet sind;eine zweite Reihenschaltung von zwei Schaltelementen (S3, S4), die zwischen den beiden Ausgangsspannungsquellen (3, 5) geschaltet sind; undeine Induktivität (L1), von welcher ein Ende zwischen den beiden Schaltelementen (S1, S2) der ersten Reihenschaltung geschaltet ist, und von welcher das andere Ende zwischen den beiden Schaltelementen (S3, S4) der zweiten Reihenschaltung geschaltet ist.
- Treiberschaltung nach Anspruch 1, ferner aufweisend:vier Dioden (D1 bis D4), wobei jede so geschaltet ist, dass sie eines der Schaltelemente (S1 bis S4) überbrückt.
- Bus-Master-Vorrichtung für einen doppeldrahtigen Schleifenbus, wobei die Bus-Master-Vorrichtung aufweist:eine Treiberschaltung (19) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2;ein Strommesselement (15) zum Messen des Stroms durch die Treiberschaltung;eine Steuerung (13) zum Steuern des Schaltens der Schaltelemente (S1 bis S4).
- Bus-Master-Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, wobei
die Steuerung (13) konfiguriert ist, um das Schalten der Schaltelemente (S1 bis S4) mit unterschiedlichen, voreingestellten Zeitsteuerungen zu steuern, um unterschiedliche Spannungspegel auf dem doppeldrahtigen Schleifenbus bereitzustellen. - Bus-Master-Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, wobei
die Steuerung (13) konfiguriert-ist, um den ersten Schalter (S1) der ersten Reihenschaltung und den zweiten Schalter (S4) der zweiten Reihenschaltung synchron zu schalten. - Feuererfassungssystem, aufweisend:eine Bus-Master-Vorrichtung (29) nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5; undeinen doppeldrahtigen Schleifenbus (11, 13) mit einer Vielzahl von Feuererfassungsvorrichtungen (T01-T10), die zwischen den beiden Drähten des Busses geschaltet sind.
- Einbruchswarnanlagensystem, aufweisend:eine Bus-Master-Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5; undeinen doppeldrahtigen Schleifenbus (11, 13) mit einer Vielzahl von Einbruchserfassungsvorrichtungen (15) und/oder Warnvorrichtungen, die zwischen den beiden Drähten des Busses geschaltet sind.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES14199619.9T ES2632464T3 (es) | 2014-12-22 | 2014-12-22 | Circuito de excitación, dispositivo maestro de bus, sistema de detecciones de incendios y sistema de alarma antirrobo que usan el circuito de excitación |
EP14199619.9A EP3038069B1 (de) | 2014-12-22 | 2014-12-22 | Treiberschaltung, Busmaster-Vorrichtung, Branderkennungssystem und Alarmsystem mit der Treiberschaltung |
EP15202102.8A EP3038070A1 (de) | 2014-12-22 | 2015-12-22 | Treiberschaltung, busmaster-vorrichtung, branderkennungssystem und einbruchmeldesystem mit der treiberschaltung |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14199619.9A EP3038069B1 (de) | 2014-12-22 | 2014-12-22 | Treiberschaltung, Busmaster-Vorrichtung, Branderkennungssystem und Alarmsystem mit der Treiberschaltung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3038069A1 EP3038069A1 (de) | 2016-06-29 |
EP3038069B1 true EP3038069B1 (de) | 2017-04-12 |
Family
ID=52144513
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14199619.9A Active EP3038069B1 (de) | 2014-12-22 | 2014-12-22 | Treiberschaltung, Busmaster-Vorrichtung, Branderkennungssystem und Alarmsystem mit der Treiberschaltung |
EP15202102.8A Withdrawn EP3038070A1 (de) | 2014-12-22 | 2015-12-22 | Treiberschaltung, busmaster-vorrichtung, branderkennungssystem und einbruchmeldesystem mit der treiberschaltung |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15202102.8A Withdrawn EP3038070A1 (de) | 2014-12-22 | 2015-12-22 | Treiberschaltung, busmaster-vorrichtung, branderkennungssystem und einbruchmeldesystem mit der treiberschaltung |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP3038069B1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2632464T3 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11367339B2 (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Autronica Fire & Security As | System and method for startup of a detector loop |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106130857A (zh) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-11-16 | 深圳市嘉泰智能股份有限公司 | 两线供电及通信系统及方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5406254A (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1995-04-11 | Borg-Warner Security Corporation | Alarm system with remote module and associated alarm |
DE102009004974A1 (de) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-15 | Ic - Haus Gmbh | Busteilnehmer mit geregelter Sendestromquelle |
DE102010044892A1 (de) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-03-15 | Novar Gmbh | Gefahrenmeldeanlage mit zwei Datenübertragungsgeschwindigkeiten |
DE102011010922B4 (de) | 2011-02-10 | 2012-08-30 | Novar Gmbh | Gefahrenmeldeanlage |
-
2014
- 2014-12-22 ES ES14199619.9T patent/ES2632464T3/es active Active
- 2014-12-22 EP EP14199619.9A patent/EP3038069B1/de active Active
-
2015
- 2015-12-22 EP EP15202102.8A patent/EP3038070A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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None * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11367339B2 (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Autronica Fire & Security As | System and method for startup of a detector loop |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3038070A1 (de) | 2016-06-29 |
ES2632464T3 (es) | 2017-09-13 |
EP3038069A1 (de) | 2016-06-29 |
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