Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
  • E04B1/161—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, both being partially cast in situ
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
  • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
  • E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
  • E04G11/087—Fill-in form panels in the plane of two adjacent forms
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
  • E04B2/842—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ by projecting or otherwise applying hardenable masses to the exterior of a form leaf
  • E04B2/847—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ by projecting or otherwise applying hardenable masses to the exterior of a form leaf the form leaf comprising an insulating foam panel
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
  • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
  • E04B2/8611—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers being embedded in at least one form leaf
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
  • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
  • E04B2/8647—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties going through the forms
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
  • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
  • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
  • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
  • E04C2/2885—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material with the insulating material being completely surrounded by, or embedded in, a stone-like material, e.g. the insulating material being discontinuous
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
  • E04C2/46—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose specially adapted for making walls
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G1/00—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground
  • E04G1/38—Scaffolds partly supported by the building
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
  • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
  • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
  • E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
  • E04G11/18—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring for double walls
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
  • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
  • E04G11/365—Stop-end shutterings
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
  • E04G17/002—Workplatforms, railings; Arrangements for pouring concrete, attached to the form
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
  • E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
  • E04G17/075—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are fastened or tensioned by other means
  • E04G17/0751—One-piece elements
  • E04G17/0754—One-piece elements remaining completely or partially embedded in the cast material
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G19/00—Auxiliary treatment of forms, e.g. dismantling; Cleaning devices
  • E04G19/003—Arrangements for stabilising the forms or for moving the forms from one place to another
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G3/00—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height
  • E04G3/28—Mobile scaffolds; Scaffolds with mobile platforms
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
  • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
  • E04B2/8652—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties located in the joints of the forms
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
  • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
  • E04B2002/867—Corner details
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
  • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
  • E04B2002/8682—Mixed technique using permanent and reusable forms
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
  • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
  • E04B2002/8688—Scaffoldings or removable supports therefor

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a shuttering for the formation of a wall or similar according to the preamble of claim 1.
• the invention also relates to a procedure for producing a wall or similar according to the preamble of claim 15.
• the invention also concerns a scaffold, which can be used in a procedure according to the above, but also separately in other or similar
• Houses having a solid framework for example of concrete, brick or expanded clay, are known to have many good properties such as that the houses have good fire safety, for instance compared with wooden houses, they last long and are not so maintenance-requiring.
• Other advantageous properties of houses built with a solid framework are that they give a good indoor climate with small temperature variations over day and night and have good properties as for resisting moisture and mould.
• An advantage of the construction of houses on- site compared with using prefabricated elements consists of it being easier to make special adaptations depending on the particular object, location for erection of the object and so on, and of the joints that are inevitable between prefabricated wall units being dispensable.
• An advantage of using prefabricated elements is that very fast, often in only some days, it is possible to get a tight house in which it becomes possible to work with installations and surface layers while being
• concrete may be cast on-site.
• Concrete is a highly formable and flexible material, and in the construction of houses, it is in principle the formwork which becomes limiting as for the flexibility and freedom of choice of the construction project.
• forms and formworks are very expensive and particularly in small projects, these costs often amount to more than 50 % of the total cost of the framework.
• the alternatives at hand are traditional timber formwork and ready-made, e.g., rented, large formworks, for instance DokaTM and Peri.
• a traditional timber formwork commands a high price per square metre.
• the price per square metre is lower, especially in large construction projects, where the same construction form can be re-used many times, but large formwork is ungainly and difficult to mount.
• the most suitable way of mounting is often by using a building crane.
• Another disadvantage is that after casting, insulation has to be mounted with some form of system.
• Another alternative consists of using Insulated Concrete Forms, ICF. Such insulated concrete forms are stacked on each other into a wall and filled with
• a further particular aim is to provide a form by which it becomes possible to, in a reliable way, construct a wall and a house, respectively, or some other building, without risks for the building workers and without requiring heavy lifts.
• Another aim of the invention is to provide a shuttering by which it is possible to construct a wall, or a house that is not maintenance-requiring and that has a long service life. It is a special aim to provide a form by which it is extraordinarily easy to handle installation of electricity, pipes, ventilation, etc.
• a special aim is to provide a support that facilitates the construction of a straight wall.
• Fig.l is a perspective view of a shuttering having first and second, respectively, wall formwork elements connected with form ties,
• Fig.2 shows a wall consisting of a shuttering according to an embodiment of the invention
• Fig.3 shows an embodiment example of a form tie having a locking device for connecting first and second wall formwork devices
• Fig.4A shows in a simplified way an alternative
• Fig.4B shows another alternative embodiment of a form
• Fig.4C shows once again another alternative embodiment of a form tie
• Fig.5A shows an example of a clamp tie of a form tie
• Fig.5B shows an alternative embodiment of a clamp tie of a form tie according to the invention
• Fig.6A shows an example of a first wall formwork element having a slit for the receipt of a form tie provided with a fastening element
• Fig.6B shows an alternative embodiment for the
• Fig.7A shows an example of a construction comprising a wall and a floor formed of shutterings with reinforcement according to an embodiment of the invention
• Fig.7B shows an example of a construction
• FIG.8A shows an example of embodiment of a first wall formwork element according to the invention
• Fig.8B shows a second alternative embodiment of a first wall formwork element according to the invention
• Fig.8C shows a third alternative embodiment of a first wall formwork element according to the invention
• Fig.8D shows a fourth alternative embodiment of a first wall formwork element according to the invention
• Fig.8E shows a fifth alternative embodiment of a first wall formwork element according to the invention
• Fig.9A shows a first example of a corner device according to the invention
• Fig.9B shows an alternative embodiment of a corner
• Fig.9C shows the corner device in Fig. 9B having mounted form tie
• Fig.10 shows an alternative example of a support
• Fig.11 schematically shows a part of the support in Fig.
• Fig.12 shows use of a support according to Fig. 10 in the construction of a wall according to the invention.
• a shuttering 100 which comprises a first wall formwork device 10, which here consists of a plastic foam block 11, which is matched in the vertical direction, having groove 13 and tongue 12, in order to give a good stability when several plastic foam blocks are placed on top of each other in order to form a wall.
• the plastic foam blocks may in addition, or
• the plastic foam blocks do not need to be matched or they may be formed, or matched in other ways, examples of which will be given below.
• the shuttering also comprises a second wall formwork device 20, which here consists of a sheathing 21, for instance consisting of a sheet of plywood, or a sandwich- formed product, such as the known product
• Sonoboard or any other type of material that is light, stiff, and durable.
• form ties 30 which in a first outer end are provided with a fastening element 40 and in a second opposite end are provided with a locking device 50.
• the purpose of the form ties 30 is to connect the first wall formwork device 10 and the second wall formwork device 20 with each other, in such a way that they will be arranged essentially parallel to, and at a certain distance from, each other, so that a space x is formed. It should, however, be clear that, depending on the desired shape of the wall or similar to be cast, the distance may also, if desired, be tapering in the
• the form ties 30, one or more per plastic foam block 11, four in the example shown, one of which is not mounted in the plastic foam block 11, are shown in Fig. 1.
• the plastic foam block 11 is
• fastening elements 40 at the border of the tongue.
• the fastening elements 40 are brought into the prepared slits in the plastic foam block 11 so that the respective form tie 30 will extend essentially
• the sheathing 21 is preferably provided with notches or recesses 22 intended to receive the form tie 30.
• the external ends of the form ties are placed in the notches 22, particularly in such a way that a support element 51 included in the locking device 50 is situated on the side of the sheathing 21 that faces the plastic foam block 11 and a clamping element 52 and locking element 53 on the other side of the sheathing, so that the sheathing 21 is locked therebetween.
• the recesses 22 may have a size corresponding to the size (e.g., diameter) of the tie rod 31 of the form tie, which normally presupposes that the locking device has to be removed before the sheathing is removed.
• the recesses may be larger so that the sheathing can be pulled down before locking devices are removed and ties, if required, are cut off.
• the wall is reinforced before the second wall formwork device 20 is brought in place, i.e., after the fastening elements 30 (the form ties) have been arranged in the plastic foam block 11.
• the fastening elements 30 the form ties
• the plastic foam block 11 Before reinforcing, suitably possible recesses for windows and doors (not shown) are mounted. Possible electrical equipment, cables, etc., as well as pipes, and ventilation equipment, which should be embedded in the wall, is suitably mounted after the wall has been reinforced.
• the sheathing 21 is arranged at a desired distance from the plastic foam block 11 with the form tie 30 by the locking device 50, where the sheathing is locked between the first clamping element 51 and the second clamping element 52 by means of locking element 53, and concrete is poured into the formed space between them.
• Fig.2 there are shown a number of plastic foam blocks 11 stacked on each other, which form a first wall formwork device 10 and a number of sheathings 21 arranged to form the second wall formwork device 20, which are connected by the form ties 30.
• plastic foam blocks and/or sheathings are mounted and locked by the form ties and the clamp ties in such a way that mutual joints between plastic foam blocks and/or mutual joints between sheathings, applied in one and the same plane in a row and/or a column, are displaced in relation to joints between plastic foam blocks and sheathings, respectively, of a neighbouring row or column for stability reasons.
• Fig. 2 the shuttering is shown, however not reinforcement, etc., before casting, wherein concrete is poured into the space between the first and second wall formwork devices 10,20.
• the locking device 50 is removed by the locking element 53 first being easily removed. Thereafter, the second
• an advantageous support according to the invention may be used in casting, which will be discussed reference being made to Figs. 10-12 below.
• the invention is not limited to utilization of said support, but casting may of course be carried out in any way and with arbitrary suitable conventional
• the locking device 50 can easily be removed, unlocked, which will be discussed further below. After that, the sheathing 21 or sheathings can easily be pulled down.
• a shuttering is obtained, which forms a wall or a floor or another similar structure, which is moisture proof, fire-proof, resistant to mould attacks, energy efficient, and which in addition is very flexible. Furthermore, it is easy to handle and minimizes the number of heavy lifts as well as the weight of these, and more generally the number of lifts.
• the shuttering according to the invention may comprise a first wall formwork device and two second wall formwork devices arranged on both sides of the first wall formwork device so that a sandwich wall can be cast.
• form ties are accordingly attached via the respective fastening element to the first wall formwork device and oppositely directed.
• a form tie 30 according to the embodiment in Fig.l is schematically shown, comprising a form tie bar 31 having a fastening element 40, which is arranged in a first end and here consists of a square plate arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal extension for the tie rod 31, which consists of a rod or the like.
• the fastening element 40 has a square shape, but it may, of course, have a another shape as long as it extends at least vertically in a direction that should be turned downward (for a wall, for instance, according to Fig.2) in relation to the tie rod 31.
• the fastening element or the fastening plate 40 may also have a varying thickness, for example be thinner, have a continuously decreasing thickness in the vertical
• Insertion may be effected in various ways, for example, the fastening element may be inserted from above into solid foamed plastic or into prepared reception spaces in plastic foam blocks, or between plastic foam blocks, which will be discussed further below, reference being made to Figs.6A, 6B.
• a locking device 50 is arranged, between the inner and outer (first and second) clamping element 51,52 of which a sheathing 21 is temporarily arranged in the desired position and is locked by means of locking element 53, which readily can be unlocked so that the locking device 50 and the sheathing 21 can be easily removed after casting, when the concrete has solidified.
• the lock is here pressed so that it essentially works as a wedge, and an end knob arranged on the tie rod 31 is brought through a hole having a size adapted to throughput, and the locking device is brought down through a notch having a width that is such that the end knob cannot pass, but only the tie rod fits and can be brought down into the notch.
• a sheathing, not shown in this Fig. will then be wedged up between the cone 56 and locking device/end knob. Locking devices are further discussed reference being made to Figs .5A, 5B.
• Figs.4A-4C show different examples of form ties where the form ties are differently formed in that either the proper tie rod, the fastening plate, and/or the locking device is formed in various ways.
• a simplified locking device is shown; the embodiments may comprise any type of locking device.
• it comprises a locking element that is possible to screw-off and simultaneously forms a second clamping element, and a first clamping element, which either is fixedly arranged on the tie rod or which can be arranged at a suitable distance on the rod by means of a suitable locking mechanism, e.g., threads, nuts, and washers.
• the fastening plate 4 OA in Fig.4A is, like the fastening plate 40 in Fig.l, essentially a square plate, but the thickness of which upward and downward in the vertical direction tapers so that the fastening plate 40 should be easier insertable into a plastic foam block. Particularly for the insertion into solid foamed plastic, this is advantageous. In one embodiment example, not shown, the thickness decreases continuously in the vertical direction. However, then the most slender end always has to be inserted first. Many variants for facilitating insertion, for example in a plastic foam block, are possible, as well as for contributing to good retention, which is an advantage considering that
• reinforcing and line routing is carried out with inserted form ties.
• Fig. 4B shows a fastening element OB consisting of a plate, one side of which is toothed, or has a zigzag pattern, likewise to facilitate insertion into a plastic foam block. In particular if it should be inserted into a solid material.
• Fig.4C shows a fastening element 40C that is separate from the rod 31C of the form tie 30C and
• the hole 41C is formed in a flat part of the fastening
• the flat part may also be provided with a second flat part 43C on the side that is facing away from the side where the form tie should be arranged and that forms an angle of 90° with the first flat part 42C. This is, however, not necessary. Instead of two essentially
• parallel cam elements it may be only one, or several. If there are several, these may be set as in Fig. 4C, to increase the stability of the retention capability in, for instance, a plastic foam block so that the fastening element should be held in place even safer.
• fastening elements may be fixedly connected with the rod part (tie rod) of the form tie, or detachable from the same. Particularly, they may be formed integrally
• a plate as in Fig. 4C may of course be fixedly connected with a form tie.
• the plate may of course be provided with a hook and the tie rod with a hole or the like.
• other equivalent mechanisms allowing simple and safe assembly with a fastening element in place in, for example, a plastic foam block may of course be used.
• Cam elements may, of course, be formed in other ways or be connected with, or integral with, a tie rod as in Fig.4A, 4B.
• Fig.5A shows a form tie 30 that comprises a tie rod 31i and a locking device 5OB arranged thereon.
• the tie rod 31i is not provided with any end knob.
• the locking device 50B also called clamp tie, may, for instance, be of the known type GekuTM or of a similar type. It
• the wedge-shaped or chamfered locking element 53B comprises a wedge-shaped or chamfered locking element 53B, where the wedge or the like is formed to be possible to be pressed down into a reception opening formed between a holder element 54B arranged on a plate element 52B and said plate element 52B.
• the plate element 52B consists of a sheet metal plate having a central hole intended to receive the rod part (tie rod) 31i of the form tie
• the holder part 54B consists of a bent sheet metal plate, which is welded to the sheet metal plate 52B and likewise has a hole for the passage of the tie rod.
• the wedge-shaped locking element 54B may accordingly be knocked down and lock the form tie between the wedge and one side in the formed space. By a gentle stroke upward on the slender lower part of the wedge, the same can easily be knocked out, so that lock and sheathing readily can be removed after completed casting.
• the part of the form tie that protrudes from the form can be wobbled a little, and be broken off, and is then broken on a level with the inside of the cone that is included in the locking device, e.g., 50A, which is on the form tie.
• the cone can be pulled out and the cone- shaped hole that is formed may be puttied up, which is advantageous, among other things, in that no lead- throughs are formed, e.g., for moisture so that rust is formed.
• Fig. 5B shows an alternative locking device 50 essentially corresponding to the locking device shown in Fig.3.
• the locking device comprises an integrally pressed sheet metal plate 52, which is provided with a notch for the tie rod 31, which comprises a larger hole in one end of the notch, and a more slender part, which, when the tie rod is inserted, prevents an end knob 53 arranged on the tie rod 31 from passing.
• the end knob is welded to one outer end of the tie rod.
• the end knob 53 can, according to an alternative, be unscrewed so that the locking is released, after which the rod can be brought upward and the end knob be led out through the hole so that the lock can be disengaged and the sheathing be removed .
• the clamp tie may also preferably be wedge-shaped and by a gentle stroke upward on the slender lower part, the same can easily be knocked out thanks to the wedge- shape and since there is a distance of, for instance, 1,5-
• clamp tie is of a type that resembles the known clamp tie type KF .
• Many other different variants of clamp ties may also be used, e.g., TemposhalerTM.
• Fig.6A shows an example of a first wall formwork device 10 comprising a matched plastic foam block 11 having a tongue 12 and groove 13 and which is provided with a recess 14 intended to receive a fastening element 40 of a form tie 30.
• Fastening plates on form ties may be formed in various ways, or be used in various ways, either in order to be inserted into prepared openings intended for this purpose. It makes in principle no requirements of the fastening element needing to be formed in any
• the fastening element may consist of a plate or be of another suitable shape.
• the shape is of a somewhat greater importance to facilitate the insertion. For instance, it is suitable that the fastening element is thinner, more slender, sharper or more pointed or the like in the part that initiates the insertion.
• fastening element 40B is shown in Fig. 6B.
• Fig.7A schematically shows an example of how shutterings 100,100' having first and second wall formwork devices 10,10'; 20 (for the second one, a floor forming the shuttering 100', no second wall formwork device is shown for reasons of clarity) according to the invention may be arranged in the construction of a house or the like.
• a wall formwork device is not limited to a device forming a wall in a conventional sense but may likewise form a floor, etc.
• reinforcement 80,80' is also shown, but before casting has been effected.
• Fig.7B shows very schematically a small part of a shuttering according to the invention wherein also
• embedment equipment may be mounted using tying wire in the reinforcement 80 by nails in the sheathing 10, by being squeezed in place by a device intended therefor between foamed plastic and sheathing.
• foamed plastic another suitable thermal insulation should naturally also be appreciated.
• plastic foam blocks, or other wall formwork devices in general which are provided with slit or opening or the like, may be formed in many different ways and in different sizes, as well as the fact that also plastic foam blocks having no prepared opening or the like may be formed in various ways.
• a plurality of examples of plastic foam blocks are shown as examples in Figs.8A-8E.
• Fig.8A shows an example of an element, plastic foam block Hi, which is not matched but has an
• Fig. 8B is a perspective view of a matched plastic foam block 11 as shown, for instance, in Fig.l. Neither this is provided with reception opening or the like. Of course, such an element may be provided with one or more reception openings of the desired shape and size.
• a slender elongate opening perpendicular to the intended length extension of a form tie essentially orthogonal to the inner wall of the block generally gives a retention capability that is greater as for preventing the form tie from ending up obliquely upon uneven load during stacking, reinforcing, line routing, etc., and casting, since the abutment surfaces will be greater.
• other components will be greater.
• holes for a plurality of rods in two or more different planes e.g., three in parallel arranged as projecting from a flat triangle .
• Figs.8C-8E show additional embodiments of a matched element, for instance plastic foam blocks
• Plastic foam blocks are not indicated with a limiting view, but also other building units, of other materials, may be used.
• Plastic foam block 11 3 is here orthogonally matched, with an intermediate part element 11 33 , which is set in a direction in relation to two surrounding part elements 11 31 ,11 32 , and forms a tongue/groove in said direction, as well as in a direction perpendicular to the outsides of said elements and forms tongue/groove also in this, second, orthogonal direction.
• building blocks may be provided with embedded or mounted reinforcements. This can may allow the distance, by virtue of improved stability, between nearby form ties to be increased, which facilitates mounting, lowers costs, and in addition simplifies reinforcement work and line routing and so on, since this is made with form ties in place.
• Fig.9A schematically shows an example of a corner device 70 that can be used for inner corners where two second wall formwork devices, sheathings 21,21, meet, in order to increase stability and secure the positioning of the shuttering in corner regions before casting. Since it is not buried in the concrete, it falls away or can easily be removed when the sheathings are removed after casting.
• the corner device 70 may be made of many different kinds of materials, e.g., sheet metal or rigid plastic.
• Fig. 9B shows an example of an alternative corner device 70A, which comprises a fixed corner element 71A having two perpendicular wall sides 72i,72 2 , for instance of the same material as the sheathing, or of sheet metal or rigid plastic or another suitable material. Between the perpendicular wall sides, separated from each other, support triangles 73 are fixedly arranged in parallel planes, perpendicular to the extension plane of the wall sides. The purpose of this is to fix the corner at a desired angle (usually 90°) .
• the corner device 7OA may, but does not have to, comprise fitting elements 75A. Only one is shown in Fig. 9B, to be used to provide adaptation to the width of used sheathings 21. These fitting elements 75A, or make-up pieces, may on one or two sides be
• corner elements 70A may be provided with such recesses 22' ' for the same
• the fitting elements may be cleavable for allowing adaptation of the length (the width) of a wall or similar.
• Fig. 9C it is schematically shown how form ties 30 having fastening elements 40 and having locking devices 50 are inserted and attached to sheathings 21 and corner device 7OA. After casting, the corner device 7OA may be removed in an analogous way as the sheathings are removed .
• Fig. 10 shows a support 200 (e.g., a so-called walkway bracket or cast scaffolding) , which advantageously may be used in work with, for instance, a wall, shuttering according to the invention or another form or wall or similar, and which also may be used in order to,
• a support 200 e.g., a so-called walkway bracket or cast scaffolding
• the support 200 may be provided with mounting elements, which allow detachable mounting or fastening to form ties, clamp ties, or the sheathing.
• one or more of said elements are provided with interacting mounting elements.
• the mounting elements may in simple embodiments consist of interacting hooks, loops or the like, or some form of quick fasteners, or snap-in mechanisms .
• the support 200 is shown in Fig.10 in working position, erected, and in folded-out position,
• the support 200 comprises a second pair of legs having two parallel legs (uprights) 202,202, which are articulately connected with an outer end of the respective bottom tie 203,203 intended to be possible to place and rest on a flat substratum, for instance a floor, where the opposite outer ends of the bottom tie 203,203 are connected with the respective first leg (upright) 201,201 included in a first pair of legs.
• Said first pair of legs (201,201) consists in a preferred embodiment of two angle-irons having a number of recesses or cut-outs 211 adapted to allow form ties 30 (not shown in Fig.10) to be wedged in therein and which are situated separated from each other.
• Said first pair of legs 201,201 do not have to be formed as angle-irons but may be formed as legs having another cross -sectional shape; however, it has been found that the angle iron- shape gives a good stability upon vertical fixation of a wall.
• the cross bars 205,205 are in addition detachably connected with either the bottom ties 203,203 or with the second legs by fastening devices 207,207; alternatively with both. In the example shown, they are detachably connected with the bottom ties.
• cross bars 205,205 may be articulately connected between the first and the second legs, and in addition detachably connected with either ones.
• the cross bars 205,205 consist of telescoping elements having a first element 205i, which has a smaller diameter or cross- section than a second element 205 2 , in which it is
• adjustable wall supports or cross bars of the type PasoTM may be used.
• the bottom ties 203,203 may be provided with holes 213 in order to, by means of, for instance, concrete screws, allow the fixation of the support in a substratum.
• the legs included in the first and second pairs of legs may be provided with cross beams 208,208, which are formed to carry a platform 206 intended to stand on, for instance, upon casting.
• the platform may be provided with fixing elements in the form of holes 209 or the like allowing fastening of the platform 206 by interacting mounting elements 209, e.g., screws, in order to secure the fastening of the same. This also makes that the distance between the rear and front pairs of legs is fixed.
• the front and rear legs may also be provided with mounting elements at different heights for allowing the arrangement of the platform at different, desired working heights or in one of at least one predetermined working height, or mounting height. This can be provided in many different ways.
• the platform is
• the platform may be arranged or connected with one or both pairs of legs in such a way that the direction of one, the second, of the pair of legs in the vertical direction may be somewhat changed, and by the pairs of legs being held together by bottom ties and cross beams, the one of the first pair of legs will also be angled to the corresponding extent so that the first and second pairs of legs remain essentially parallel in order to be able to straighten up and keep a wall/wall formwork device vertical by setting or adjusting the length of the ties.
• Other alternatives are, of course, also possible.
• the pairs of legs do neither have to remain parallel, e.g., the fastening elements for supporting the platform may have a variable length, or they may be displaceable in relation to holder elements on one of the pairs of legs 202, or alternatively the length of the connection with the bottom ties may be variable, or the bottom ties may be longitudinally settable, for instance be telescopic, and, e.g., be provided with holes and plugs for setting in the correct position in order to obtain a desired length.
• the cross beams 208,208 are fixed, and upon vertical adjustment upwards of a wall by adjustment of the length of the cross beams 205,205, both pairs of legs will be angled in the same way.
• Fall support or railing 217 may be arranged between the upper parts of the legs in a desired way, for example, the second legs may be provided with brackets 212 in which the railing 217 easily can be placed.
• first and second legs 201,201 / 202,202 and the bottom ties 203,203 being articulately connected with bottom ties 203,203, cross bars 205,205 as well as with cross beams 208,208, and the platform being dismountable, or only fixedly connected with one pair of legs, and accordingly lowerable, or raiseable, and in addition the cross bars 205,205 being fixed, for instance, to the bottom ties 203,203, the support can easily be collapsed.
• Fig.11 where two-way arrows indicate the articulated connections.
• Fig. 12 the support according to Fig. 10 is shown arranged at a first shuttering according to the invention.
• the second legs 202 are attached to the sheathing 20 by the form ties being wedged-in into the recesses 211,211 of the first, rear, legs 201,201.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

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• 2013
  • 2013-08-15 SE SE1350956A patent/SE538828C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2014
  • 2014-08-07 EP EP14836710.5A patent/EP3033462A4/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-08-07 US US14/911,729 patent/US20160215511A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2014-08-07 WO PCT/SE2014/050918 patent/WO2015023223A1/en active Application Filing

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