EP3032557A1 - Commutateur de tension continue pour reseaux de bord haute tension - Google Patents

Commutateur de tension continue pour reseaux de bord haute tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3032557A1
EP3032557A1 EP15189322.9A EP15189322A EP3032557A1 EP 3032557 A1 EP3032557 A1 EP 3032557A1 EP 15189322 A EP15189322 A EP 15189322A EP 3032557 A1 EP3032557 A1 EP 3032557A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
fixed contacts
voltage switch
contact
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15189322.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3032557B1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Minke
Karsten Haupt
Dr. Ernst-Dieter Wilkening
Hendrik-Christian Köpf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
Original Assignee
Volkswagen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Publication of EP3032557A1 publication Critical patent/EP3032557A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3032557B1 publication Critical patent/EP3032557B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
    • H01H33/74—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber wherein the break is in gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/04—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/346—Details concerning the arc formation chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/52—Cooling of switch parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/52—Cooling of switch parts
    • H01H2009/526—Cooling of switch parts of the high voltage switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2213/00—Venting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a DC voltage switch for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems.
  • DC switches are required to electrically isolate various parts of a high-voltage electrical system.
  • DC currents unlike AC currents, have no natural current zero crossing, which is why the interruption of such currents is associated with particular challenges. Interruption of the currents and erosion of switching arcs occurring is usually accomplished by extending the length of the arc columns and / or increasing the power per unit length.
  • the breaking capacity of hermetically encapsulated switching devices or DC voltage switches is limited in terms of current levels and ohmic-inductive time constants, the limiting factor being in particular the thermal capacity, since the electrical power in the arc must be thermally absorbed.
  • a multi-pole low-voltage circuit breaker in a equipped with a double cooling device for the extinguishing gases insulating housing is known, which is divided by insulating intermediate walls in several internal compartments. These are each assigned to one of the poles and each comprise a separable pair of contacts, a splitter stack for deionization of the drawn during the separation of said contacts arc and equipped with a first gas cooling device outlet opening for the extinguishing gases. In this case, all the outlet openings open into a common chamber to the individual poles, which is connected via a gas outlet opening with the surrounding medium. A second cooling device is inserted in the flow path of the gases between the outlet openings and the gas outlet opening.
  • a DC voltage switch comprising a housing with a switching chamber and a contact arrangement in the switching chamber, known.
  • the housing is hermetically sealed and electrically insulated.
  • Arranged in the housing is at least one fixed contact and at least one movable contact, wherein the respectively fixed and the respectively movable contact are arranged within the housing as a contact pair.
  • a generic DC voltage switch for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems comprising a housing, at least two fixed contacts and a movable contact, wherein in each case a first contact region of the fixed contacts is led out of the housing and in each case a second contact region of the fixed contacts in a switching chamber of the housing the movable contact is arranged, wherein the housing is hermetically encapsulated.
  • the extinction of the occurring partial arcs is achieved by their power output is increased beyond the driving power.
  • the generated arc voltage is increased and maintained above the driving source voltage until the system current is forced to 0 A and the energy stored in the inductance of the electrical circuit is used up.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of providing a DC voltage switch for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems, which has an improved turn-off behavior.
  • the DC voltage switch for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems comprises a housing, at least two fixed contacts and a movable contact, wherein in each case a first contact region of the fixed contacts is led out of the housing.
  • a second contact region of the fixed contacts is arranged in a switching chamber of the housing with the movable contact.
  • the housing is hermetically sealed.
  • a cooling chamber is arranged, which is separated via a partition wall of the switching chamber, wherein the partition wall has at least one outlet opening and an inlet opening. This causes three positively influencing the switching behavior Results.
  • the thermal capacity of the DC voltage switch is increased by the additional cooling chamber.
  • the high-voltage vehicle electrical system for example, has DC voltages greater than 300 V.
  • At least one heat sink which is thermally connected to at least one of the fixed contacts, is arranged in the cooling chamber.
  • the heat sink may also be connected to two fixed contacts or else the heat sink is only connected to the housing, via which the heat is dissipated.
  • both measures can be combined.
  • a plurality of heat sinks are provided, for example, four heat sinks, in which case, for example, two half-shell-shaped heat sink are each associated with a fixed contact.
  • the at least one outlet opening is arranged between the fixed contact and the housing inner wall.
  • the DC voltage switch has more than one outlet opening.
  • the DC voltage switch has four outlet openings, two of which are assigned to a fixed contact. Due to the application in the area of the inner wall of the housing, the outlet opening is located in the area where the hottest gases occur.
  • the outlet opening may be conically shaped, wherein the diameter on the side of the switching chamber is larger than the diameter on the side of the expansion chamber.
  • the outlet opening may have the shape of a Laval nozzle.
  • a Laval nozzle is a flow organ with a first convergent and subsequent divergent cross-section, the transition from one to the other part being gradual. The cross-sectional area is circular at each location.
  • a valve may be disposed in the outlet port to assist in directed gas flow.
  • the at least one inlet opening is arranged between the stationary contacts.
  • the cooled gas is flowed into the arc, which supports its expansion in the direction of the housing walls.
  • more than one, for example four, inlet openings may be provided.
  • the inlet openings may be conical or in the form of a Laval nozzle and / or have a valve.
  • the diameter on the side of the expansion chamber is preferably larger than the diameter on the side of the switching chamber.
  • hydrogen or nitrogen is in the housing as a gas.
  • Hydrogen offers the advantage of high energy absorption in the arc, but limits the choice of contact material and poses major challenges in terms of hermetic sealing. Nitrogen is easier to handle and allows greater freedom in material choice, such as silver for the contacts rather than copper.
  • the housing is made of ceramic, for example of aluminum nitride.
  • the housing may also consist only partially of ceramic, wherein preferably the housing consists of a uniform material.
  • the advantage of ceramic over plastics is that ceramics are fire-robuster, so there is no burn-up due to the arcing.
  • Another advantage is the generally better thermal conductivity compared to plastics.
  • the housing but also made of plastic.
  • the heat sink or the heat sink are made of copper, in which case preferably also the fixed contacts are made of copper. Heat sink and contact can be contacted thermally well by thermal paste.
  • the heat sink or the heat sinks are formed of a thermally conductive ceramic, but which is not electrically conductive.
  • the one or more heat sinks while being thermally connected to the housing, which may be connected either only to the housing or in addition to the fixed contacts, which increases the thermal heat dissipation.
  • an insulating plate is disposed on the housing between the first contact areas of the fixed contacts to prevent flashover.
  • a DC voltage switch 1 is shown in the assembled state, comprising a housing 2, protrude from the two first contact portions 4a of two fixed contacts 4.
  • the housing 2 is formed in three parts and has a lower part 2a, a middle part 2b and an upper part 2c. Between the first contact areas 4a an insulation plate 3 is arranged, which is shown in dashed lines.
  • the lower part 2a, middle part 2b and upper part 2c are screwed, for example, which is indicated by holes 5.
  • the connection of the housing parts is designed such that the housing 2 is hermetically encapsulated.
  • the DC voltage switch 1 in addition to the two fixed contacts 4 and a movable contact 6, which is arranged below the fixed contacts 4.
  • the movable contact 6 can be moved by a spring, not shown, in the direction of the stationary contacts 4, so that the movable contact 6 contacts second contact areas 4b of the fixed contacts 4.
  • the movement of the movable contact 6 is guided by guide elements 7, 8 in the lower part 2a and upper part 2c.
  • a partition wall 9 is arranged above the second contact areas 4b.
  • a switching chamber 10 is formed below the partition wall 9 and a cooling chamber 11 above the partition wall 9.
  • the switching chamber 10 and the cooling chamber 11 are connected to each other via outlet openings 12 and inlet openings 13.
  • the outlet openings 12 shown in dashed lines lie between the fixed contacts 4 and the housing inner wall 2d and are conical.
  • the outlet opening 12 is formed frusto-conical and merges into a cylindrical opening, wherein the larger diameter is located on the side of the switching chamber 10.
  • the inlet openings 13 are located between the fixed contacts 4, the exact location is particularly good in Fig. 4 is recognizable.
  • the inlet openings 13 are conical, with their larger diameter on the side of the cooling chamber 11.
  • the outlet openings 12 and / or the inlet openings 13 may have the shape of a Laval nozzle.
  • cooling bodies 14 are arranged in the cooling chamber 11, which are thermally connected to the fixed contacts 4, for example by means of a thermal compound.
  • the heat sink 14 are half-shell-shaped, which are slightly asymmetrical.
  • In the switching chamber 10 and the expansion chamber 11 is a gas, for example hydrogen or nitrogen.
  • the hot gas flows past the heat sinks 14 and gives off heat to then flow back through the inlet openings 13, since there the pressure is lower.
  • the return flow of the gases presses the gases in the switching chamber 10 in addition to the magnetic field in the direction of the housing inner wall 2d.
  • the heat absorbed by the heat sinks 14 is then removed via the fixed contacts 4 from the housing 2. The arc is thus deprived of energy and this goes out.
  • the DC voltage switch 1 is shown without central part 2b and upper part 2c, wherein additionally two heat sinks 14 have been removed so that the front outlet openings 12 and inlet openings 13 can be seen, wherein the rear outlet openings 12 and inlet openings 13 are covered by the rear heat sink 14.
  • a slot 15 for the guide element 8 can be seen.
  • the Outlet openings 12 and inlet openings 13 a little offset (or for the invisible postponed) to the fixed contacts 4.
  • the heat sink 14 in the 4 and 5 in their training different from the heat sinks 14 in the Figures 2 and 3 are.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
EP15189322.9A 2014-11-18 2015-10-12 Commutateur de tension continue pour réseaux de bord haute tension Active EP3032557B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014223529.4A DE102014223529A1 (de) 2014-11-18 2014-11-18 Gleichspannungsschalter für Hochvolt-Bordnetze

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3032557A1 true EP3032557A1 (fr) 2016-06-15
EP3032557B1 EP3032557B1 (fr) 2017-06-21

Family

ID=54292732

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15189322.9A Active EP3032557B1 (fr) 2014-11-18 2015-10-12 Commutateur de tension continue pour réseaux de bord haute tension

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US9721739B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3032557B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6165217B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101769684B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105609366B (fr)
DE (1) DE102014223529A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11721956B2 (en) 2018-10-31 2023-08-08 Lear Corporation Electrical assembly
US10971873B2 (en) * 2018-10-31 2021-04-06 Lear Corporation Electrical unit with cooling member
US11735891B2 (en) 2018-10-31 2023-08-22 Lear Corporation Electrical assembly
US11558963B2 (en) 2018-10-31 2023-01-17 Lear Corporation Electrical assembly
US11858437B2 (en) 2018-10-31 2024-01-02 Lear Corporation Electrical assembly
DE102020104258B4 (de) * 2020-02-18 2022-09-29 Schaltbau Gmbh Schaltgerät mit zumindest zwei miteinander kommunizierenden Löschbereichen
DE102021130486A1 (de) * 2021-04-06 2022-10-06 Lear Corporation Elektrische Anordnung

Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3541514C2 (fr) 1985-11-21 1992-10-01 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen, De
DE69018432T2 (de) 1989-12-11 1995-11-09 Schneider Electric Sa Mehrpoliger Ausschalter mit einem allen Polen gemeinsamen Gasfilter.
US5798584A (en) * 1995-03-13 1998-08-25 Marquardt Gmbh Electric switch, especially for electric hand tools
US5866864A (en) * 1997-07-14 1999-02-02 Eaton Corporation Electric current switching apparatus with arc spinning extinguisher
US20090308845A1 (en) * 2008-06-11 2009-12-17 General Electric Company Arc containment device and method
US20110114602A1 (en) * 2009-11-18 2011-05-19 Tyco Electronics Corporation Contactor assembly for switching high power to a circuit
US20130214884A1 (en) * 2010-11-01 2013-08-22 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Relay
DE102012112202A1 (de) 2012-12-13 2014-06-18 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Polaritätsunabhängiges Schaltgerät zum Führen und Trennen von Gleichströmen

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DE3541514C2 (fr) 1985-11-21 1992-10-01 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen, De
DE69018432T2 (de) 1989-12-11 1995-11-09 Schneider Electric Sa Mehrpoliger Ausschalter mit einem allen Polen gemeinsamen Gasfilter.
US5798584A (en) * 1995-03-13 1998-08-25 Marquardt Gmbh Electric switch, especially for electric hand tools
US5866864A (en) * 1997-07-14 1999-02-02 Eaton Corporation Electric current switching apparatus with arc spinning extinguisher
US20090308845A1 (en) * 2008-06-11 2009-12-17 General Electric Company Arc containment device and method
US20110114602A1 (en) * 2009-11-18 2011-05-19 Tyco Electronics Corporation Contactor assembly for switching high power to a circuit
US20130214884A1 (en) * 2010-11-01 2013-08-22 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Relay
DE102012112202A1 (de) 2012-12-13 2014-06-18 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Polaritätsunabhängiges Schaltgerät zum Führen und Trennen von Gleichströmen

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9721739B2 (en) 2017-08-01
JP2016100338A (ja) 2016-05-30
KR20160059433A (ko) 2016-05-26
KR101769684B1 (ko) 2017-08-18
DE102014223529A1 (de) 2016-05-19
JP6165217B2 (ja) 2017-07-19
CN105609366B (zh) 2018-07-24
EP3032557B1 (fr) 2017-06-21
US20160141127A1 (en) 2016-05-19
CN105609366A (zh) 2016-05-25

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