EP3031601B1 - Method for stripping a construction element from a vibrating press - Google Patents

Method for stripping a construction element from a vibrating press Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3031601B1
EP3031601B1 EP15199252.6A EP15199252A EP3031601B1 EP 3031601 B1 EP3031601 B1 EP 3031601B1 EP 15199252 A EP15199252 A EP 15199252A EP 3031601 B1 EP3031601 B1 EP 3031601B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compression
actuator
demolding
construction element
compression actuator
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Application number
EP15199252.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3031601A1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Ancrenaz
Christophe Ancrenaz
Jean Marie Lemaire
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Quadra 1 SAS
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Quadra 1 SAS
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Publication of EP3031601A1 publication Critical patent/EP3031601A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/022—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form combined with vibrating or jolting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/022—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space whereby the material is subjected to vibrations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of demolding a construction element of a vibrating press.
  • Vibrating presses are high-speed machines used in automatic production lines and in series of molded building elements such as blocks, pavers, interjoists, slabs, blocks, or curbs.
  • the invention finds particular application in the production of building elements based on cement or concrete, and can be applied to other areas where we find the same problems of molding elements.
  • WO-A-2007/147422 discloses a method of demolding a construction element of a vibrating press and a vibrating press for the production of a construction element.
  • the vibration system and the compression system allow the compaction of the construction element.
  • the compaction makes it possible to satisfy the quality criteria of the manufactured elements of construction, in particular, the criteria of height, compactness, mechanical resistance and appearance.
  • the demolding phase is a source of degradation of the building elements in their final form.
  • the construction element is locked in the demolding direction.
  • the construction element may be crushed without holding the mold.
  • the present invention aims to solve all or part of the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the molding plate is held against the reference support, removing the biasing by the at least one bias element, before the release step.
  • the dimension of the construction element is preserved between the reference position of the molding plate and the position of the pylon whose movement is blocked.
  • the molding plate does not rise and the construction element in its final form is not damaged by crushing.
  • the building element in its final form thus retains its optimum properties.
  • the locking of the compression actuator further facilitates demolding of the construction element, which is thus retained between the molding plate and the compression actuator.
  • construction element means any element that can be compacted, for example concrete, bauxite, anthracite, carbon elements such as carbon or graphite, elements intended for melting in furnaces or blast furnaces, -Industrial products, elements of the nuclear, cosmetic or detergency industries.
  • the demolding method comprises, following the step of moving, a step of resting the compression actuator in which the compression actuator is moved into a rest position in which the compression actuator is not in contact with the construction element.
  • the demolding process comprises, following the step of resting, a step of unclamping the vibration system.
  • the demolding process comprises, following the step of unclamping the vibration system, a step of evacuating the molding plate on which the construction element is arranged.
  • the compressive force of a first compression force level is released to a second level of lower holding force at the first level of compressive stress.
  • the second level of holding force corresponds to a residual force generated by the weight of the compression actuator.
  • the compression system comprises, in addition to the compression actuator, at least one displacement actuator arranged to move the compression actuator between a standby zone and a work zone.
  • the compression actuator is arranged facing the receiving location defined by the mold.
  • the compression actuator is arranged to exert a compressive force on the construction element in the working area, and the compression actuator having a first stroke value, the actuator of displacement having a second stroke value, the second stroke value being greater than the first stroke value, the compression actuator being arranged to exert the compressive force in a range of compressive forces, the displacement actuator being arranged to exert a displacement force in a range of displacement forces, the range of displacement forces being less than the range of compressive forces.
  • the compression actuator being disposed in a working area, close to the building element to be compacted, it is possible to use Compression actuators whose power is much higher than traditional compression actuators.
  • the vibrating press comprises a compression system according to the invention adapted to a much wider range of concretes than traditional vibrating presses.
  • the stroke of the displacement actuator is at least 4 times greater than the stroke of the compression actuator.
  • the travel of the displacement actuator may for example be between 400 to 900mm, especially greater than 500 mm, or in particular less than 800 mm.
  • the range of displacement force can be of the order of 6t to 9t (or 60 kN to 90 kN).
  • This range of effort can in particular correspond to the mass suspended at the displacement actuator comprising the compression actuator.
  • the stroke of the compression actuator may for example be less than 100 mm, especially less than 70 mm, especially with a useful stroke of between 20 and 40 mm.
  • the compression force range is of the order of 100 to 700 t (1000 kN to 7000 kN).
  • the vibrating press comprising a compression system according to the invention is adapted concrete made from non-traditional aggregates, for example from recycling. Indeed, such materials having a small particle size require compaction whose compressive force is greater than the compression force provided by traditional vibrating presses. Thus, the quality criteria of the final products can be respected.
  • the clamping device comprises hooks arranged to cooperate with the vibration system.
  • the vibration system comprises notches adapted to receive the hooks.
  • the compression actuator in the second mode of operation, is arranged to release the compression force between a first level of compression force and a second level of holding force, less than first level of compression effort.
  • the second level of holding force corresponds to a residual force generated by the weight of the compression actuator.
  • This compression or holding force may in particular be between 6t and 70t (from 60 to 700 kN). This level corresponds to maintaining the position of the compression actuator in view of its mass, but also the retention in position of the actuator during demolding.
  • the compression actuator comprises a jack, the tarp of which makes it possible to release the compression force and the locking of which makes it possible to lock the compression actuator in translation. according to the demolding direction.
  • the compression actuator in the working area, is configured to occupy a compression position in which the compression actuator exerts pressure on the construction element and a rest position, in which compression actuator is not in contact with the construction element.
  • the compression system comprises a support abutment of the compression actuator, the compression actuator being arranged to exert a compressive force on the construction element in the working zone. resting on the support abutment.
  • the compression actuator is supported on the support abutment to exert a compressive force on the construction element.
  • the forces are therefore transmitted to the bearing abutment and not to the displacement actuator, which makes it possible to exert a greater compressive force than the compressive force exerted by traditional presses.
  • the abutment is arranged to move between a retracted position, when the compression actuator is in the idle zone, and a stop position, when the compression actuator is in the work area.
  • the abutment support is thus positioned opposite the compression actuator to enable it to support.
  • the system comprises a positioning actuator arranged to position the compression actuator relative to the abutment.
  • the positioning actuator is arranged to be disposed between the abutment and the compression actuator in the working area.
  • the positioning actuator is arranged to exert a positioning force in a positioning force range greater than or equal to the compression force range.
  • the range of positioning force is of the order of 100 to 700 t (from 1000 kN to 7000 kN)
  • the value of the positioning force must be greater than the value of the compressive force during compression because the compression actuator must oppose the compressive force.
  • the positioning actuator is arranged to position the compression actuator in a collinear positioning direction to a compression direction.
  • the travel of the positioning actuator is less than 100 mm, and in particular between 0 and 50 mm, for example of the order of 30 mm.
  • a direction of movement of the compression actuator between the guard zone and the work zone and a direction of the compressive force exerted on the construction element are collinear.
  • the compression actuator comprises a jack and at least one pestle.
  • the compression actuator is arranged to slide on at least one guide relative to a frame between the standby zone and the work zone.
  • the abutment is arranged to bear against a frame of the vibrating press.
  • the bearing abutment comprises a latch.
  • the displacement actuator is further fixed to a frame of the vibrating press.
  • the displacement actuator allows the displacement of the compression actuator with reference to the frame.
  • the figures 1 and 2 represent a vibrating press 1 comprising a frame 2, a compression system 3, and a vibration system 4 of a construction element 5.
  • the compression and vibration systems compact the building element 5.
  • the vibration system 4 and the compression system 3 are controlled by a control unit.
  • the vibrating press 1 comprises, in the embodiment shown, two locations 7, 7 'for receiving the construction element.
  • the vibrating press 1 could have only one location, or a plurality of receiving locations of the building element 5, here concrete 6.
  • a description of the location 7 of the Concrete 6 will be realized hereinafter, however, it should be noted that the structure and operation of the location 7 'is identical to the location 7.
  • the concrete 6 is disposed in the location 7 delimited by a mold 9 and a molding plate 11.
  • the mold 9 is through and comprises four walls extending in a demolding direction DM.
  • the molding plate 11 extends along an extension plane substantially normal to the demolding direction DM.
  • the frame comprises a reference support in the form of bridges 40 which extend substantially horizontally and constitute a reference position R for the demolding plate 11.
  • the vibration system 4 comprises a vibrating table 13.
  • the vibrating table 13 comprises a body disposed below the movable bridges and hitters 15 disposed between the bridges 40 and whose upper end is intended to come into contact with the lower surface of the molding plate.
  • the vibration system 4, is further subjected to the effect of a biasing element in the demolding direction DM.
  • the molding plate can rest on the bridges or on the hitters of the vibrating table.
  • the molding plate 11 can therefore be subjected to a vibration movement comprising a component in the demolding direction DM, under the effect of the vibration system 4.
  • the vibration system 4 further comprises a clamping device 10 in the demolding direction DM.
  • the clamping device 10 comprises hooks 12.
  • the hooks 12 are arranged to cooperate with notches 14 formed in the body of the vibrating table 13.
  • the compression system 3 comprises a compression actuator 16.
  • the compression actuator 16 is able to be moved between a standby zone 35 and a working zone 37.
  • the vibrating press 1 comprises, in the upper part, a receiving location 30 of a portion of the compression system 3, formed in the frame 2.
  • the receiving location 30 is visible in Figures 3a and 3b .
  • the compression actuator 16 comprises pestles 17, 17 ', arranged to exert a compression force on the concrete 6 disposed in the locations 7, 7'.
  • the pestles are secured to a movable support 21 is disposed on two guides 22a, 22b, here rails 23a, 23b, substantially vertical.
  • the movable support 21 and is able to slide along the rails 23a, 23b.
  • the compression actuator 16 further comprises a jack 19.
  • the compression actuator 16 has a first stroke value C1.
  • the compression actuator 16 is arranged to exert the compressive force in a range of compressive forces.
  • the first stroke value C1 and the compression force range GP1 are directly related to the characteristics of the jack 19.
  • the jack 19 comprises a cylinder 19a and a rod 19b.
  • the drumsticks 17, 17 ' are connected to the rod 19b of the cylinder 19 by the mobile support 21 which is secured to the rod 19b.
  • the compression force range GP1 can be from 100 to 700 t (from 1000 kN to 7000 kN).
  • the stroke C1 of the compression actuator may for example be less than 100 mm, especially less than 70 mm, especially with a useful stroke of between 20 and 40 mm.
  • the compression system 3 further comprises a positioning actuator 28 arranged to exert a positioning force in a positioning force range greater than or equal to the range of compression force.
  • the value of the positioning force must be greater than the value of the compressive force during compression because the compression actuator must oppose the compressive force.
  • the positioning actuator 28 comprises a jack 29 arranged to position the compression actuator 16 relative to the frame 2.
  • the jack 29 comprises a cylinder 29a and a rod 29b.
  • the cylinder 19a is secured to the cylinder 29a.
  • the range of positioning force is of the order of 100 to 700 t (from 1000 kN to 7000 kN)
  • the movement of the positioning actuator is less than 100 mm, and in particular between 0 and 50 mm, for example of the order of 30 mm.
  • the cylinders 19 and 29 are arranged to be actuated in a collinear direction, and preferably coincidental.
  • the compression system 3 comprises a mobile support 21.
  • the cylinder 19a of the cylinder 19 is integral with the cylinder 29a of the cylinder 29
  • the compression system 3 further comprises a displacement actuator 24.
  • the displacement actuator 24 here comprises two cylinders of In other embodiments, the displacement system 24 could comprise only one displacement cylinder or a plurality of displacement cylinders.
  • the displacement jacks 25, 27 each comprise a cylinder 25a, 27a, integral with the frame, and a rod 25b, 27b connected to the cylinder of the jack 29 by lugs 41.
  • the displacement actuator having a second stroke value C2, the second stroke value C2 being greater than the first stroke value C1.
  • the displacement actuator is further arranged to exert a displacement force in a range of displacement forces, the range of displacement forces being less than the range of compression forces.
  • the stroke C2 of the displacement actuator may for example be between 400 to 900mm, especially greater than 500 mm, or especially less than 800 mm.
  • the range of displacement force GP2 may be of the order of 6t to 9t (or 60kN to 90kN). This range of effort can in particular, to correspond to the mass suspended on the displacement actuator comprising the compression actuator.
  • the second stroke value C2 and the range of displacement forces are directly related to the characteristics of the displacement cylinders 25, 27.
  • the displacement cylinders 25, 27 are arranged to move the movable support 21 and therefore the compression actuator 16 along the rails 23a, 23b.
  • the direction of movement of the mobile support 21 and therefore of the compression actuator 16 is collinear with the direction of the compressive force exerted by the compression actuator 16 on the concrete 6.
  • the compression system 3 comprises a bearing abutment 31.
  • the bearing abutment 31 comprises a latch 33.
  • the latch 33 is arranged to occupy a retracted position, shown in FIG. figure 3a .
  • the latch 33 occupies the retracted position when the compression actuator 16 is disposed in the standby zone 35.
  • the latch 33 is further arranged to occupy an abutment position shown in FIG. figure 3b .
  • the latch 33 occupies the abutment position when the compression actuator 16 is disposed in the working zone 37.
  • a portion of the latch 33 is disposed opposite the compression actuator 16, and two end portions of the latch 33 abut against the frame 2.
  • the latch 33 closes the receiving location 30 of the compression actuator 16.
  • the compression actuator 16 can thus be supported on the latch 33, the latch 33 itself taking support on the frame 2.
  • the compression forces are thus taken up by the frame 2 and not by the mobile support 21.
  • the jack 29 allows the positioning of the compression actuator 16 on the latch 33. Indeed, when the compression actuator 16 is disposed in the working area 37, the rod 29b leaves the cylinder 29a and abuts against the click 33.
  • the compression system 3 is configured to occupy a standby configuration, represented in FIG. figure 1 and an operating configuration, represented in figure 2 .
  • the cylinders 19, 29 and the displacement cylinders 25, 27 are retracted.
  • the mobile support 21, and the compression actuator 16, are arranged in a standby zone 35, in the upper part of the vibrating press 1.
  • the compression system 16 is arranged in the receiving location 30.
  • the displacement cylinders 25, 27 are in extension and the mobile support 21, and the compression actuator, are arranged in a working zone 37, in the lower part of the rails 23a, 23b.
  • the latch 33 is placed in abutment position and the rod 29b of the cylinder 29 is abutted against the latch 33.
  • the compression actuator 16 is able to occupy a compression position and a rest position.
  • the jack 19 In the rest position, the jack 19 is retracted and the pestles 17, 17 'are not in contact with the concrete 6.
  • the jack 19 In the compression position, the jack 19 is in extension, the pestles 17, 17' are in contact with the concrete 6 and exert a compressive force on the concrete 6.
  • the jack 19 In the compression position, the jack 19 is supported on the frame 2 by means of the bearing abutment 31 and the molding plate 11 bears against the bridges 40 or against the hitters 15 according to the progress of the compression , the bridges 40 acting as a lower reference defining a reference position R at the end of compression.
  • a production cycle of the concrete 6 in its final form comprises a sequence of compaction steps of the fresh concrete 6, and then demolding the concrete 6 in its final form.
  • the production cycle of concrete 6 is defined by the control unit, which controls the vibration system and the compression system during the different stages.
  • the compression system 3 and the vibration system 4 are at a standstill.
  • the compression actuator 16 is disposed in the idle zone 35 and occupies the rest position.
  • the vibrating table 13 is free of the clamping device 10.
  • the molding plate 11 is disposed on the hitters 15 and the mold 9 is disposed on the molding plate 11 facing the pestles 17, 17 '.
  • the cylinder 29 is retracted and the latch 33 occupies the retracted position.
  • a step E1 the vibration system 4 is started.
  • a step E2 the concrete 6 is poured into the locations 7, 7 'defined by the mold 9 and the molding plate 11.
  • a step E3 the compression actuator 16 is placed in the working zone 37 by actuating the displacement actuator 24.
  • the displacement cylinders 25, 27 extend and the mobile support 21 slides along the rails 23a, 23b.
  • step E4 the latch is placed in the stop position.
  • the actuator 29 is actuated from which the rod 29b is pulled which bears against the latch 33, thus defining the position of the compression actuator 16.
  • step E5 the compression actuator 16 is placed in the compression position in order to compact the concrete 6.
  • the step E5 corresponds to a first mode of operation of the compression actuator 16.
  • the molding plate 11 is supported by the rappers of the vibrating table and is not in contact with the saddles.
  • the bridges 40 thus form a lower reference R for the position of the molding plate 11.
  • a step E7 the vibrating table 13 is clamped against the action of the return element by arranging the hooks 12 of the clamping device 10 in the notches 14 of the vibrating table 13.
  • the clamping can be made to bring the upper end of the hitters below the level of the jumpers.
  • the vertical position that is to say in the demolding direction DM mold plate 11 is defined by its support on the bridges.
  • a step E8 the compression force exerted by the compression actuator 16 is released between a first level of compressive force corresponding to the compressive force to be provided for the compacting of the concrete 6, and a second level of compression. 'effort, lower than the first level of effort.
  • the second level of effort corresponds to a residual force generated by the weight of the compression actuator 16.
  • the relaxation of the compressive force is achieved by placing the cylinder 19 on the cover.
  • the step E8 corresponds to a second mode of operation of the compression actuator 16.
  • Step E9 the compression actuator 16 is locked in translation in the demolding direction DM in a position in contact with the construction element 5 corresponding to an end position of release of the compression force, c ' that is, when the second level of sustaining effort is reached.
  • the locking in translation of the compression actuator 16 is achieved by a blocking of the cylinder 19, for example in a hydraulic control.
  • Step E9 corresponds to a third mode of operation of the compression actuator 16.
  • a step E10 the mold 9 is moved in the demolding direction DM in order to demold the concrete 6 in its final form.
  • the compression actuator is locked in translation
  • the pestles 17, 17 ' are also locked in translation and therefore remain in a fixed position relative to the molding plate which is placed on the bridges 40.
  • the pestles 17, 17' guarantee that the construction element remains in position while the mold is raised in the demolding direction, the dimension of the element being preserved by the gap between the molding plate 11 placed on the bridges 40 and the surface of the drumsticks 17, 17 '.
  • a step E11 the compression actuator 16 is placed in the rest position.
  • the rod of the jack 19b is retracted, the rod of the cylinder 29b is also retracted.
  • the latch 31 is then retracted, then the cylinders of the displacement actuator bring the compression actuator into the idle zone.
  • a step E12 the vibrating table is debrided by removing the hooks 12 from the notches 14.
  • steps E10, E11, and E12 can be performed in parallel.
  • the unclamping of the vibrating table can be achieved as the cylinder rod 19b is retracted as the stroke of the cylinder is greater than the movement of the table between its clamping position and unclamping.
  • a step E13 the molding plate 11 is removed on which is placed the concrete 6 in its final form.
  • the displacement actuator 24 is actuated in order to raise the compression actuator 16 in the idle zone 35 in a step E14.
  • a new molding plate 11 is placed on the hitters 15, and the mold 9 is placed on the new molding plate 11, facing the pestles 17, 17 'in a step E15.
  • Fresh concrete 6 is poured into the locations 7 and 7 'in a step E16.
  • step E16 the vibrating press 1 is in a state similar to the initial state El and the production cycle can start again from step E1.
  • the compression actuator is moved in the work area so as to come opposite the frame 2. Its displacement comprises a component normal to the demolding direction DM.
  • the use of a latch would not be necessary and the compression actuator 16 could bear directly on the frame 2.
  • cylinders described above are hydraulic cylinders.
  • Other types of jacks can be used, and in particular electric jacks for the realization of the displacement actuator or positioning.
  • a second embodiment is shown in figure 5 .
  • This embodiment is similar to the embodiment described in Figures 1 to 4 and differs therefrom in that the vibrating press comprises a jack support 101.
  • the jack support 101 is movable and is arranged to slide along the guides 22a and 22b.
  • the cylinder support 101 is integral with the cylinder 19a of the cylinder 19.
  • the cylinder support 101 is further secured to the rods 25b, 27b of the displacement cylinders 25, 27.
  • the mobile support 21 is integral with the pestles 17, 17 'and the rod 19b of the cylinder 19.
  • a third embodiment is shown in figure 6 .
  • the displacement actuator 24 comprises at least one belt and a gearbox 103.
  • the actuator comprises two belts 105, 107.
  • the gear reducer 103 is a geared motor, integral with the frame.
  • the belts 105, 107 are preferably notched.
  • the belts 105, 107 are connected on the one hand to the frame 2 and on the other hand to the jack support 101 in order to allow the actuator 19 to move.
  • This embodiment differs from the embodiments previously described in addition in that the The cylinder 19 is positioned by all the belts 105, 107 and the gearbox 103.
  • the positioning actuator 28 comprises the gearbox 103 and the belts 105, 107, the gearbox being arranged to operate in a direction of rotation. reverse rotation in the direction of rotation in which it operates to move the jack 19.
  • the gearbox 103 is actuated in a first direction of rotation and the belts 105, 107 are set in motion to move the jack 19, here by intermediate cylinder support 101.
  • the latch 33 is then positioned in support of the cylinder 19a.
  • the gearbox is then actuated in a second direction of rotation, opposite to the first direction of rotation moving the belts 105, 107, in order to position the latch 33 in the stop position, that is to say in abutment against the frame 2.
  • a fourth embodiment is shown in figures 7a and 7b .
  • This embodiment is similar to the previously described embodiments and differs therefrom in that the displacement actuator 24 comprises a gearbox 103 and at least one connecting rod / crank system.
  • the displacement actuator comprises two crank / crank systems 109, 111 in order to allow the cylinder 19 to move.
  • the crank / crank systems each comprise a crank 109a, 111a, integral with the frame 2.
  • the crank systems / crank each comprise a rod 109b, 111b, integral with the cylinder support 101.
  • the embodiment shown in figures 7a and 7b also differs from the other embodiments in that the positioning actuator 28 comprises at least one abutment element 113 in place of the cylinder 29.
  • the abutment element 113 is integral with the frame 2.
  • the connecting rod / crank systems 109, 111 each comprise a connecting member 109c, 111c, arranged to abut each against a stop member 113.
  • abutment elements are arranged to lock the connecting rods 109b, 111b at an angle ⁇ determined with respect to the travel direction DV of the cylinder 19.
  • the direction DV is substantially vertical.
  • the angle ⁇ is between 0 ° and 90 °.
  • Preferably the angle ⁇ is between 1 ° and 10 °.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown, provided by way of illustrative and non-limiting examples, the invention being defined by claims below.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de démoulage d'un élément de construction d'une presse vibrante.The present invention relates to a method of demolding a construction element of a vibrating press.

Les presses vibrantes sont des machines à grande cadence utilisées dans des chaînes de production automatique et en série d'éléments de construction moulés tels que des blocs, pavés, entrevous, dalles, parpaings, ou bordures. L'invention trouve particulièrement son application dans la production d'éléments de construction à base de ciment ou de béton, et pourra s'appliquer à d'autres domaines où l'on retrouvera les mêmes problématiques de moulage d'éléments.Vibrating presses are high-speed machines used in automatic production lines and in series of molded building elements such as blocks, pavers, interjoists, slabs, blocks, or curbs. The invention finds particular application in the production of building elements based on cement or concrete, and can be applied to other areas where we find the same problems of molding elements.

WO -A- 2007/147422 décrit un procédé de démoulage d'un élément de construction d'une presse vibrante et une presse vibrante pour la production d'un élément de construction. WO-A-2007/147422 discloses a method of demolding a construction element of a vibrating press and a vibrating press for the production of a construction element.

La production d'éléments de construction mettant en oeuvre une presse vibrante comprend :

  • une phase de préparation de la presse vibrante et de l'élément de construction frais ;
  • une phase de compactage de l'élément de construction ;
  • une phase de démoulage de l'élément de construction dans sa forme finale ; et
  • phase d'évacuation de l'élément de construction, notamment à l'aide d'un convoyeur.
The production of building elements using a vibrating press comprises:
  • a phase of preparation of the vibrating press and the fresh building element;
  • a compacting phase of the construction element;
  • a demolding phase of the building element in its final form; and
  • evacuation phase of the building element, in particular using a conveyor.

Dans une réalisation connue, une presse vibrante pour la production d'éléments de construction comporte :

  • un emplacement de réception d'un élément de construction frais, défini par une plaque de moulage et un moule traversant ;
  • un système de vibration agencé pour soumettre la plaque de moulage et le moule, et donc l'élément de construction, à des vibrations comprenant notamment une composante orientée selon une direction de démoulage, notamment sous l'action d'élément de rappel ; et
  • un système de compression agencé pour soumettre l'élément de construction à un effort de compression prédéterminée.
In a known embodiment, a vibrating press for the production of construction elements comprises:
  • a receiving location of a fresh building element defined by a mold plate and a through mold;
  • a vibration system arranged to subject the molding plate and the mold, and therefore the construction element, to vibrations including in particular a component oriented in a demolding direction, in particular under the action of return element; and
  • a compression system arranged to subject the construction element to a predetermined compression force.

Le système de vibration et le système de compression permettent le compactage de l'élément de construction.The vibration system and the compression system allow the compaction of the construction element.

Le compactage permet de satisfaire les critères de qualité des éléments de construction fabriqués, en particulier, les critères de hauteur, de compacité, de résistance mécanique et d'aspect.The compaction makes it possible to satisfy the quality criteria of the manufactured elements of construction, in particular, the criteria of height, compactness, mechanical resistance and appearance.

Dans un cycle de production d'éléments de construction à l'aide d'une presse traditionnelle, la phase de démoulage est source de dégradation des éléments de construction dans leur forme finale.In a production cycle of building elements using a traditional press, the demolding phase is a source of degradation of the building elements in their final form.

En effet, afin de pouvoir démouler l'élément de construction, on bloque l'élément de construction selon la direction de démoulage. Or, comme la plaque de moulage est soumise à l'action d'éléments de rappel selon la direction de démoulage, l'élément de construction risque d'être écrasé sans le maintien du moule.Indeed, in order to be able to demold the construction element, the construction element is locked in the demolding direction. Now, as the plate of molding is subjected to the action of biasing elements in the demolding direction, the construction element may be crushed without holding the mold.

La présente invention a pour but de résoudre tout ou partie des inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus.The present invention aims to solve all or part of the disadvantages mentioned above.

À cet effet, la présente invention concerne un procédé de démoulage d'un élément de construction d'une presse vibrante, la presse vibrante comprenant :

  • un moule, définissant un emplacement de réception d'un élément de construction, le moule étant traversant de façon à permettre un démoulage de l'élément de construction selon une direction de démoulage ;
  • une plaque de moulage supportant le moule ;
  • un support de référence destiné à définir une position de référence de la plaque de moulage par rapport à un bâti de la presse ;
  • un système de vibration agencé pour solliciter un mouvement de vibration de la plaque de moulage comprenant au moins une composante selon la direction de démoulage, le système de vibration comprenant au moins un élément de sollicitation de la plaque de moulage dont la position selon la direction de démoulage peut dépasser la position de référence définie par le support de référence afin de solliciter le mouvement de vibration de la plaque de moulage, le système de vibration étant soumis à l'action d'un élément de rappel agencé pour amener l'au moins un élément de sollication dans une position dépassant la position de référence,
  • un actionneur de compression configuré pour exercer un effort de compression sur l'élément de construction ;
le procédé de démoulage comprenant :
  • une étape de placement de la presse vibrante dans une configuration dans laquelle l'élément de construction est disposé dans l'emplacement de réception et dans laquelle l'actionneur de compression est disposé dans une position de compression, au contact de l'élément de construction et soumet l'élément de construction à un effort de compression de façon à amener la plaque de moulage contre le support de référence ;
  • une étape de bridage du système de vibration selon la direction de démoulage, à l'encontre de l'action de l'élément de rappel, de façon à positionner l'au moins un élément de sollicitation en deçà de la position de référence dans la direction de démoulage ;
  • une étape de relâchement de l'effort de compression exercée par l'actionneur de compression sur l'élément de construction ;
  • une étape de blocage de l'actionneur de compression dans une position au contact de l'élément de construction ;
  • une étape de déplacement du moule selon la direction de démoulage.
To this end, the present invention relates to a method of demolding a construction element of a vibrating press, the vibrating press comprising:
  • a mold, defining a receiving location of a construction element, the mold being through so as to allow demolding of the building element in a demolding direction;
  • a mold plate supporting the mold;
  • a reference support for defining a reference position of the molding plate with respect to a press frame;
  • a vibration system arranged to urge a vibration movement of the molding plate comprising at least one component in the demolding direction, the vibration system comprising at least one molding plate biasing element whose position in the direction of demolding may exceed the reference position defined by the reference medium to urge the vibration movement of the molding plate, the vibration system being subjected to the action of a return element arranged to bring the at least one biasing element in a position exceeding the reference position,
  • a compression actuator configured to exert a compressive force on the construction element;
the demolding process comprising:
  • a step of placing the vibrating press in a configuration in which the construction element is disposed in the receiving location and in which the compression actuator is disposed in a compression position, in contact with the construction element and subjecting the construction element to a compressive force so as to bring the molding plate against the reference support;
  • a step of clamping the vibration system in the demolding direction, against the action of the biasing element, so as to positioning the at least one biasing element below the reference position in the demolding direction;
  • a step of releasing the compression force exerted by the compression actuator on the construction element;
  • a step of locking the compression actuator in a position in contact with the construction element;
  • a step of moving the mold in the demolding direction.

Grâce à ces dispositions, la plaque de moulage est maintenue contre le support de référence, en supprimant la sollicitation par l'au moins un élément de sollication, avant l'étape de relâchement. Ainsi, lors du démoulage, la dimension de l'élément de construction est préservée entre la position de référence de la plaque de moulage et la position du pilon dont le mouvement est bloqué. La plaque de moulage ne remonte pas et l'élément de construction dans sa forme finale n'est pas détérioré par écrasement. L'élément de construction dans sa forme finale conserve ainsi ses propriétés optimales.With these provisions, the molding plate is held against the reference support, removing the biasing by the at least one bias element, before the release step. Thus, during demolding, the dimension of the construction element is preserved between the reference position of the molding plate and the position of the pylon whose movement is blocked. The molding plate does not rise and the construction element in its final form is not damaged by crushing. The building element in its final form thus retains its optimum properties.

Le blocage de l'actionneur de compression facilite en outre le démoulage de l'élément de construction, qui est ainsi retenu entre la plaque de moulage et l'actionneur de compression.The locking of the compression actuator further facilitates demolding of the construction element, which is thus retained between the molding plate and the compression actuator.

On entend par élément de construction tout élément apte à être compacté, par exemple le béton, la bauxite, l'anthracite, les éléments carbonés tels que le carbone ou le graphite, les éléments destinés à la fusion en fours ou hauts fourneaux, les sous-produits industriels, les éléments des industries nucléaires, cosmétiques ou de la détergence.The term "construction element" means any element that can be compacted, for example concrete, bauxite, anthracite, carbon elements such as carbon or graphite, elements intended for melting in furnaces or blast furnaces, -Industrial products, elements of the nuclear, cosmetic or detergency industries.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le procédé de démoulage comprend, suite à l'étape de déplacement, une étape de mise au repos de l'actionneur de compression dans laquelle on déplace l'actionneur de compression dans une position de repos dans laquelle l'actionneur de compression n'est pas en contact avec l'élément de construction.According to one aspect of the invention, the demolding method comprises, following the step of moving, a step of resting the compression actuator in which the compression actuator is moved into a rest position in which the compression actuator is not in contact with the construction element.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le procédé de démoulage comprend, suite à l'étape de mise au repos, une étape de débridage du système de vibration.According to one aspect of the invention, the demolding process comprises, following the step of resting, a step of unclamping the vibration system.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le procédé de démoulage comprend, suite à l'étape de débridage du système de vibration, une étape d'évacuation de la plaque de moulage sur laquelle est disposé l'élément de construction.According to one aspect of the invention, the demolding process comprises, following the step of unclamping the vibration system, a step of evacuating the molding plate on which the construction element is arranged.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, lors de l'étape de relâchement, on relâche l'effort de compression d'un premier niveau d'effort de compression vers un deuxième niveau d'effort de maintien inférieur au premier niveau d'effort de compression.According to one aspect of the invention, during the relaxation step, the compressive force of a first compression force level is released to a second level of lower holding force at the first level of compressive stress.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le deuxième niveau d'effort de maintien correspond à un effort résiduel engendré par le poids de l'actionneur de compression.According to one aspect of the invention, the second level of holding force corresponds to a residual force generated by the weight of the compression actuator.

La présente invention se rapporte en outre à une presse vibrante pour la production d'un élément de construction comprenant :

  • un moule, définissant un emplacement de réception d'un élément de construction, le moule étant traversant, de façon à permettre un démoulage de l'élément de construction selon une direction de démoulage ;
  • une plaque de moulage supportant le moule ;
  • un support de référence destiné à définir une position de référence de la plaque de moulage par rapport à un bâti de la presse ;
  • un système de vibration agencé pour solliciter un mouvement de vibration de la plaque de moulage comprenant au moins une composante selon la direction de démoulage, le système de vibration comprenant au moins un élément de sollicitation de la plaque de moulage dont la position selon la direction de démoulage peut dépasser la position de référence définie par le support de référence afin de solliciter le mouvement de vibration de la plaque de moulage, le système de vibration étant soumis à l'action d'un élément de rappel agencé pour amener l'au moins un élément de sollication dans une position dépassant la position de référence ;
  • un dispositif de bridage agencé pour brider la plaque de moulage selon la direction de démoulage, à l'encontre de l'action de l'élément de rappel ;
  • un système de compression comprenant un actionneur de compression configuré pour exercer un effort de compression sur l'élément de construction,
l'actionneur de compression étant agencé pour présenter :
  • un premier mode de fonctionnement dans lequel l'actionneur de compression est disposé dans une position de compression, au contact de l'élément de construction et est agencé pour soumettre l'élément de construction à un effort de compression de façon à amener la plaque de moulage contre le support de référence dans la position de référence ;
  • un deuxième mode de fonctionnement dans lequel l'actionneur de compression est agencé pour relâcher l'effort de compression sur l'élément de construction ;
  • un troisième mode de fonctionnement dans lequel l'actionneur de compression est agencé pour être bloqué en translation selon la direction de démoulage afin de permettre le démoulage de l'élément de construction,
le dispositif de bridage étant agencé pour procéder au bridage du système de vibration préalablement à la mise en oeuvre du deuxième mode de fonctionnement de l'actionneur de compression, de façon à positionner l'au moins un élément de sollicitation en deçà de la position de référence dans la direction de démoulage.The present invention further relates to a vibrating press for producing a construction element comprising:
  • a mold, defining a receiving location of a construction element, the mold being through, so as to allow demolding of the building element in a demolding direction;
  • a mold plate supporting the mold;
  • a reference support for defining a reference position of the molding plate with respect to a press frame;
  • a vibration system arranged to urge a vibration movement of the molding plate comprising at least one component in the demolding direction, the vibration system comprising at least one molding plate biasing element whose position in the direction of demolding may exceed the reference position defined by the reference medium to urge the vibration movement of the molding plate, the vibration system being subjected to the action of a return element arranged to bring the at least one biasing member in a position exceeding the reference position;
  • a clamping device arranged to clamp the molding plate in the demolding direction, against the action of the biasing member;
  • a compression system comprising a compression actuator configured to exert a compressive force on the construction element,
the compression actuator being arranged to present:
  • a first mode of operation in which the compression actuator is disposed in a compression position, in contact with the construction element and is arranged to subject the construction element to a compressive force so as to bring the plate of molding against the reference support in the reference position;
  • a second mode of operation in which the compression actuator is arranged to release the compressive force on the construction element;
  • a third mode of operation in which the compression actuator is arranged to be locked in translation in the demolding direction in order to allow demolding of the construction element,
the clamping device being arranged to proceed with the clamping of the vibration system prior to the implementation of the second operating mode of the compression actuator, so as to position the at least one biasing element below the position of reference in the demolding direction.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système de compression comprend, outre l'actionneur de compression, au moins un actionneur de déplacement agencé pour déplacer l'actionneur de compression entre une zone de veille et une zone de travail.According to one aspect of the invention, the compression system comprises, in addition to the compression actuator, at least one displacement actuator arranged to move the compression actuator between a standby zone and a work zone.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'actionneur de compression est disposé en regard de l'emplacement de réception défini par le moule.According to one aspect of the invention, the compression actuator is arranged facing the receiving location defined by the mold.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'actionneur de compression est agencé pour exercer un effort de compression sur l'élément de construction dans la zone de travail, et l'actionneur de compression présentant une première valeur de course, l'actionneur de déplacement présentant une seconde valeur de course, la seconde valeur de course étant supérieure à la première valeur de course, l'actionneur de compression étant agencé pour exercer l'effort de compression dans une gamme d'efforts de compression, l'actionneur de déplacement étant agencé pour exercer un effort de déplacement dans une gamme d'efforts de déplacement, la gamme d'efforts de déplacement étant inférieure à la gamme d'efforts de compression.According to one aspect of the invention, the compression actuator is arranged to exert a compressive force on the construction element in the working area, and the compression actuator having a first stroke value, the actuator of displacement having a second stroke value, the second stroke value being greater than the first stroke value, the compression actuator being arranged to exert the compressive force in a range of compressive forces, the displacement actuator being arranged to exert a displacement force in a range of displacement forces, the range of displacement forces being less than the range of compressive forces.

Grâce à ces dispositions, il est possible d'utiliser un actionneur de compression à haute pression agissant sur une faible course, ce qui limite les contraintes associées à cet actionneur, l'actionneur de déplacement permettant de disposer l'actionneur de compression dans la zone de travail.Thanks to these arrangements, it is possible to use a high pressure compression actuator acting on a short stroke, which limits the constraints associated with this actuator, the displacement actuator for arranging the compression actuator in the zone. working.

Ces dispositions permettent ainsi l'application d'un effort de compression beaucoup plus important sur l'élément de construction que l'effort de compression fournis par les presses vibrantes traditionnelles.These provisions thus allow the application of a much greater compression force on the construction element than the compressive force provided by traditional vibrating presses.

En effet, l'actionneur de compression étant disposé dans une zone de travail, proche de l'élément de construction à compacter, il est possible d'utiliser des actionneurs de compression dont la puissance est bien plus élevée que les actionneurs de compression traditionnels.Indeed, the compression actuator being disposed in a working area, close to the building element to be compacted, it is possible to use Compression actuators whose power is much higher than traditional compression actuators.

Ainsi, la presse vibrante comprend un système de compression selon l'invention adapté à une gamme de bétons beaucoup plus large que les presses vibrantes traditionnelles.Thus, the vibrating press comprises a compression system according to the invention adapted to a much wider range of concretes than traditional vibrating presses.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la course de l'actionneur de déplacement est au moins 4 fois supérieure à la course de l'actionneur de compression.According to one aspect of the invention, the stroke of the displacement actuator is at least 4 times greater than the stroke of the compression actuator.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la course de l'actionneur de déplacement peut par exemple être comprise entre 400 à 900mm, notamment supérieure à 500 mm, ou notamment inférieure à 800 mm.According to one aspect of the invention, the travel of the displacement actuator may for example be between 400 to 900mm, especially greater than 500 mm, or in particular less than 800 mm.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la gamme d'effort de déplacement peut être de l'ordre de 6t à 9t (ou 60 kN à 90 kN). Cette gamme d'effort peut notamment correspondre à la masse suspendue à l'actionneur de déplacement comprenant l'actionneur de compression.According to one aspect of the invention, the range of displacement force can be of the order of 6t to 9t (or 60 kN to 90 kN). This range of effort can in particular correspond to the mass suspended at the displacement actuator comprising the compression actuator.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la course de l'actionneur de compression peut par exemple être inférieure à 100mm, notamment inférieure à 70 mm, notamment avec une course utile comprise entre 20 et 40mm.According to one aspect of the invention, the stroke of the compression actuator may for example be less than 100 mm, especially less than 70 mm, especially with a useful stroke of between 20 and 40 mm.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la gamme d'effort de compression est de l'ordre de 100 à 700t (de 1000 kN à 7000 kN).Plus particulièrement, la presse vibrante comprenant un système de compression selon l'invention est adaptée à des bétons formés de granulats non-traditionnels, issus par exemple du recyclage. En effet, de tels matériaux présentant une faible granulométrie nécessitent un compactage dont l'effort de compression est plus important que l'effort de compression fourni par les presses vibrantes traditionnelles. Ainsi, les critères de qualités des produits finaux pourront être respectés.According to one aspect of the invention, the compression force range is of the order of 100 to 700 t (1000 kN to 7000 kN). More particularly, the vibrating press comprising a compression system according to the invention is adapted concrete made from non-traditional aggregates, for example from recycling. Indeed, such materials having a small particle size require compaction whose compressive force is greater than the compression force provided by traditional vibrating presses. Thus, the quality criteria of the final products can be respected.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le dispositif de bridage comprend des crochets agencés pour coopérer avec le système de vibration.According to one aspect of the invention, the clamping device comprises hooks arranged to cooperate with the vibration system.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système de vibration comprend des encoches aptes à recevoir les crochets.According to one aspect of the invention, the vibration system comprises notches adapted to receive the hooks.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, dans le deuxième mode de fonctionnement, l'actionneur de compression est agencé pour relâcher l'effort de compression entre un premier niveau d'effort de compression et un deuxième niveau d'effort de maintien, inférieur au premier niveau d'effort de compression.According to one aspect of the invention, in the second mode of operation, the compression actuator is arranged to release the compression force between a first level of compression force and a second level of holding force, less than first level of compression effort.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le deuxième niveau d'effort de maintien correspond à un effort résiduel engendré par le poids de l'actionneur de compression.According to one aspect of the invention, the second level of holding force corresponds to a residual force generated by the weight of the compression actuator.

Cet effort de compression ou de maintien peut notamment être compris entre 6t et 70t (de 60 à 700 kN).. Ce niveau correspond au maintien en position de l'actionneur de compression16 compte tenu de sa masse, mais également du maintien en position de l'actionneur lors du démoulage.This compression or holding force may in particular be between 6t and 70t (from 60 to 700 kN). This level corresponds to maintaining the position of the compression actuator in view of its mass, but also the retention in position of the actuator during demolding.

En effet, c'est l'actionneur de compression, par l'intermédiaire des pilons, qui garde son appui contre le béton lorsque le moule remonte afin d'extraire le produit fabriqué.Indeed, it is the compression actuator, through the drumsticks, which keeps its support against the concrete when the mold rises to extract the product manufactured.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, dans laquelle l'actionneur de compression comprend un vérin, dont la mise à la bâche permet de réaliser le relâchement de l'effort de compression et dont le blocage permet de bloquer l'actionneur de compression en translation selon la direction de démoulage.According to one aspect of the invention, in which the compression actuator comprises a jack, the tarp of which makes it possible to release the compression force and the locking of which makes it possible to lock the compression actuator in translation. according to the demolding direction.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, dans la zone de travail, l'actionneur de compression est configuré pour occuper une position de compression dans laquelle l'actionneur de compression exerce une pression sur l'élément de construction et une position de repos, dans laquelle l'actionneur de compression n'est pas en contact avec l'élément de construction.According to one aspect of the invention, in the working area, the compression actuator is configured to occupy a compression position in which the compression actuator exerts pressure on the construction element and a rest position, in which compression actuator is not in contact with the construction element.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système de compression comprend une butée d'appui de l'actionneur de compression, l'actionneur de compression étant agencé pour exercer un effort de compression sur l'élément de construction dans la zone de travail en prenant appui sur la butée d'appui.According to one aspect of the invention, the compression system comprises a support abutment of the compression actuator, the compression actuator being arranged to exert a compressive force on the construction element in the working zone. resting on the support abutment.

En outre, l'actionneur de compression prend appui sur la butée d'appui pour exercer un effort de compression sur l'élément de construction. Les efforts sont donc transmis à la butée d'appui et non à l'actionneur de déplacement, ce qui permet d'exercer un effort de compression plus important que l'effort de compression exercé par les presses traditionnelles.In addition, the compression actuator is supported on the support abutment to exert a compressive force on the construction element. The forces are therefore transmitted to the bearing abutment and not to the displacement actuator, which makes it possible to exert a greater compressive force than the compressive force exerted by traditional presses.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la butée d'appui est agencée pour se déplacer entre une position escamotée, lorsque l'actionneur de compression est dans la zone de veille, et une position de butée, lorsque l'actionneur de compression est dans la zone de travail.According to one aspect of the invention, the abutment is arranged to move between a retracted position, when the compression actuator is in the idle zone, and a stop position, when the compression actuator is in the work area.

La butée d'appui vient ainsi se positionner en regard de l'actionneur de compression pour lui permettre de prendre appui.The abutment support is thus positioned opposite the compression actuator to enable it to support.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, le système comprend un actionneur de positionnement agencé pour positionner l'actionneur de compression par rapport à la butée d'appui.According to one aspect of the invention, the system comprises a positioning actuator arranged to position the compression actuator relative to the abutment.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'actionneur de positionnement est agencé pour être disposé entre la butée d'appui et l'actionneur de compression dans la zone de travail.According to one aspect of the invention, the positioning actuator is arranged to be disposed between the abutment and the compression actuator in the working area.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'actionneur de positionnement est agencé pour exercer un effort de positionnement dans une gamme d'effort de positionnement supérieure ou égale à la gamme d'effort de compression. Selon un aspect de l'invention, la gamme d'effort de positionnement est de l'ordre de 100 à 700t (de 1000 kN à 7000 kN)According to one aspect of the invention, the positioning actuator is arranged to exert a positioning force in a positioning force range greater than or equal to the compression force range. According to one aspect of the invention, the range of positioning force is of the order of 100 to 700 t (from 1000 kN to 7000 kN)

En particulier, la valeur de l'effort de positionnement doit être supérieure à la valeur de l'effort de compression lors de la compression car l'actionneur de compression doit s'opposer à l'effort de compression.In particular, the value of the positioning force must be greater than the value of the compressive force during compression because the compression actuator must oppose the compressive force.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'actionneur de positionnement est agencé pour positionner l'actionneur de compression selon une direction de positionnement colinéaire à une direction de compression.According to one aspect of the invention, the positioning actuator is arranged to position the compression actuator in a collinear positioning direction to a compression direction.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la course de l'actionneur de positionnement est inférieure à 100 mm, et en particulier comprise entre 0 et 50 mm, par exemple de l'ordre de 30mm. Selon un aspect de l'invention, une direction de déplacement de l'actionneur de compression entre la zone de veille et la zone de travail et une direction de l'effort de compression exercé sur l'élément de construction sont colinéaires.According to one aspect of the invention, the travel of the positioning actuator is less than 100 mm, and in particular between 0 and 50 mm, for example of the order of 30 mm. According to one aspect of the invention, a direction of movement of the compression actuator between the guard zone and the work zone and a direction of the compressive force exerted on the construction element are collinear.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'actionneur de compression comprend un vérin et au moins un pilon.According to one aspect of the invention, the compression actuator comprises a jack and at least one pestle.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'actionneur de compression est agencé pour coulisser sur au moins un guide par rapport à un bâti entre la zone de veille et la zone de travail.According to one aspect of the invention, the compression actuator is arranged to slide on at least one guide relative to a frame between the standby zone and the work zone.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la butée d'appui est agencée pour prendre appui contre un bâti de la presse vibrante.According to one aspect of the invention, the abutment is arranged to bear against a frame of the vibrating press.

Ainsi les efforts sont repris par le bâti de la presse vibrante.Thus the efforts are taken up by the building of the vibrating press.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la butée d'appui comprend une clenche.According to one aspect of the invention, the bearing abutment comprises a latch.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'actionneur de déplacement est fixé en outre à un bâti de la presse vibrante.According to one aspect of the invention, the displacement actuator is further fixed to a frame of the vibrating press.

L'actionneur de déplacement permet le déplacement de l'actionneur de compression en référence au bâti.The displacement actuator allows the displacement of the compression actuator with reference to the frame.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lumière de la description qui va suivre et à l'examen des figures ci-annexées, dans lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 représente une presse vibrante dans laquelle l'actionneur de compression est dans la zone de veille ;
  • la figure 2 représente une presse vibrante dans laquelle l'actionneur de compression est dans la zone de travail ;
  • la figure 3a représente une coupe AA schématique de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3b représente une coupe BB schématique de la figure 2 ; et
  • la figure 4 représente le cycle de production d'un élément de construction.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will emerge in the light of the following description and the examination of the appended figures, in which:
  • the figure 1 represents a vibrating press in which the compression actuator is in the idle zone;
  • the figure 2 represents a vibrating press in which the compression actuator is in the working area;
  • the figure 3a represents a schematic AA cut of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 3b represents a schematic BB section of the figure 2 ; and
  • the figure 4 represents the production cycle of a building element.

Sur l'ensemble de ces figures, des références identiques ou analogues désignent des organes ou ensemble d'organes identiques ou analogues.In all of these figures, identical or similar references denote identical or similar members or sets of members.

Les figures 1 et 2 représentent une presse vibrante 1 comprenant un bâti 2, un système de compression 3, et un système de vibration 4 d'un élément de construction 5. Les systèmes de compression et de vibration assurent le compactage de l'élément de construction 5.The figures 1 and 2 represent a vibrating press 1 comprising a frame 2, a compression system 3, and a vibration system 4 of a construction element 5. The compression and vibration systems compact the building element 5.

Le système de vibration 4 et le système de compression 3 sont commandés par une unité de contrôle.The vibration system 4 and the compression system 3 are controlled by a control unit.

La presse vibrante 1 comprend, dans le mode de réalisation présenté, deux emplacements 7, 7' de réception de l'élément de construction. Dans un autre mode de réalisation, la presse vibrante 1 ne pourrait comporter qu'un seul emplacement, ou bien une pluralité d'emplacement de réception de l'élément de construction 5, ici du béton 6. Une description de l'emplacement 7 du béton 6 sera réalisée ci-après, toutefois, il est à noter que la structure et le fonctionnement de l'emplacement 7' est identique à l'emplacement 7.The vibrating press 1 comprises, in the embodiment shown, two locations 7, 7 'for receiving the construction element. In another embodiment, the vibrating press 1 could have only one location, or a plurality of receiving locations of the building element 5, here concrete 6. A description of the location 7 of the Concrete 6 will be realized hereinafter, however, it should be noted that the structure and operation of the location 7 'is identical to the location 7.

Le béton 6 est disposé dans l'emplacement 7 délimité par un moule 9 et une plaque de moulage 11.The concrete 6 is disposed in the location 7 delimited by a mold 9 and a molding plate 11.

Le moule 9 est traversant et comprend quatre parois s'étendant selon une direction de démoulage DM.The mold 9 is through and comprises four walls extending in a demolding direction DM.

La plaque de moulage 11 s'étend selon un plan d'extension sensiblement normal à la direction de démoulage DM.The molding plate 11 extends along an extension plane substantially normal to the demolding direction DM.

Le bâti comprend un support de référence sous forme de pontets 40 qui s'étendent sensiblement horizontalement et constituent une position de référence R pour la plaque de démoulage 11.The frame comprises a reference support in the form of bridges 40 which extend substantially horizontally and constitute a reference position R for the demolding plate 11.

Le système de vibration 4 comprend une table vibrante 13. La table vibrante 13 comprend un corps disposé en dessous des pontets et frappeurs mobiles 15 disposés entre les pontets 40 et dont l'extrémité supérieure est destinée à venir au contact de la surface inférieure de la plaque de moulage. Le système de vibration 4, est en outre soumis à l'effet d'un élément de rappel selon la direction de démoulage DM.The vibration system 4 comprises a vibrating table 13. The vibrating table 13 comprises a body disposed below the movable bridges and hitters 15 disposed between the bridges 40 and whose upper end is intended to come into contact with the lower surface of the molding plate. The vibration system 4, is further subjected to the effect of a biasing element in the demolding direction DM.

Ainsi, en fonction de la position relative des pontets et des frappeurs mobiles, la plaque de moulage peut reposer sur les pontets ou sur les frappeurs de la table vibrante.Thus, depending on the relative position of the jumpers and moving hitters, the molding plate can rest on the bridges or on the hitters of the vibrating table.

La plaque de moulage 11 peut être donc être sollicitée selon un mouvement de vibration comprenant une composante selon la direction de démoulage DM, sous l'effet du système de vibration 4.The molding plate 11 can therefore be subjected to a vibration movement comprising a component in the demolding direction DM, under the effect of the vibration system 4.

Le système de vibration 4 comprend en outre un dispositif de bridage 10 selon la direction de démoulage DM. Le dispositif de bridage 10 comprend des crochets 12. Les crochets 12 sont agencés pour coopérer avec des encoches 14 ménagées dans le corps de la table vibrante 13.The vibration system 4 further comprises a clamping device 10 in the demolding direction DM. The clamping device 10 comprises hooks 12. The hooks 12 are arranged to cooperate with notches 14 formed in the body of the vibrating table 13.

Le système de compression 3 comprend un actionneur de compression 16. L'actionneur de compression 16 est apte à être déplacé entre une zone de veille 35 et une zone de travail 37. La presse vibrante 1 comprend, en partie supérieure, un emplacement de réception 30 d'une portion du système de compression 3, ménagé dans le bâti 2. L'emplacement de réception 30 est visible en figures 3a et 3b.The compression system 3 comprises a compression actuator 16. The compression actuator 16 is able to be moved between a standby zone 35 and a working zone 37. The vibrating press 1 comprises, in the upper part, a receiving location 30 of a portion of the compression system 3, formed in the frame 2. The receiving location 30 is visible in Figures 3a and 3b .

L'actionneur de compression 16 comprend des pilons 17, 17', agencés pour exercer un effort de compression sur le béton 6 disposé dans les emplacements 7, 7'. Les pilons sont solidaires d'un support mobile 21 est disposé sur deux guides 22a, 22b, ici des rails 23a, 23b, sensiblement verticaux. Le support mobile 21 et est apte à coulisser le long des rails 23a, 23b.The compression actuator 16 comprises pestles 17, 17 ', arranged to exert a compression force on the concrete 6 disposed in the locations 7, 7'. The pestles are secured to a movable support 21 is disposed on two guides 22a, 22b, here rails 23a, 23b, substantially vertical. The movable support 21 and is able to slide along the rails 23a, 23b.

L'actionneur de compression 16 comprend en outre un vérin 19.The compression actuator 16 further comprises a jack 19.

L'actionneur de compression 16 présente une première valeur de course C1. L'actionneur de compression 16 est agencé pour exercer l'effort de compression dans une gamme d'efforts de compression.The compression actuator 16 has a first stroke value C1. The compression actuator 16 is arranged to exert the compressive force in a range of compressive forces.

La première valeur de course C1 et la gamme d'efforts de compression GP1 sont directement liées aux caractéristiques du vérin 19.The first stroke value C1 and the compression force range GP1 are directly related to the characteristics of the jack 19.

Le vérin 19 comprend un cylindre 19a et une tige 19b. Les pilons 17, 17' sont reliés à la tige 19b du vérin 19 par le support mobile 21 qui est solidaire de la tige 19b.The jack 19 comprises a cylinder 19a and a rod 19b. The drumsticks 17, 17 'are connected to the rod 19b of the cylinder 19 by the mobile support 21 which is secured to the rod 19b.

A titre d'exemple, la gamme d'effort GP1 de compression peut être de 100 à 700t (de 1000 kN à 7000 kN).By way of example, the compression force range GP1 can be from 100 to 700 t (from 1000 kN to 7000 kN).

Egalement à titre d'exemple, la course C1 de l'actionneur de compression peut par exemple être inférieure à 100mm, notamment inférieure à 70 mm, notamment avec une course utile comprise entre 20 et 40mm.Also by way of example, the stroke C1 of the compression actuator may for example be less than 100 mm, especially less than 70 mm, especially with a useful stroke of between 20 and 40 mm.

Le système de compression 3 comprend en outre un actionneur de positionnement 28 agencé pour exercer un effort de positionnement dans une gamme d'effort de positionnement supérieure ou égale à la gamme d'effort de compression. En particulier, la valeur de l'effort de positionnement doit être supérieure à la valeur de l'effort de compression lors de la compression car l'actionneur de compression doit s'opposer à l'effort de compression. L'actionneur de positionnement 28 comprend un vérin 29 agencé pour positionner l'actionneur de compression 16 par rapport au bâti 2. Le vérin 29 comprend un cylindre 29a et une tige 29b. Le cylindre 19a est solidaire du cylindre 29a.The compression system 3 further comprises a positioning actuator 28 arranged to exert a positioning force in a positioning force range greater than or equal to the range of compression force. In particular, the value of the positioning force must be greater than the value of the compressive force during compression because the compression actuator must oppose the compressive force. The positioning actuator 28 comprises a jack 29 arranged to position the compression actuator 16 relative to the frame 2. The jack 29 comprises a cylinder 29a and a rod 29b. The cylinder 19a is secured to the cylinder 29a.

A titre d'exemple, la gamme d'effort de positionnement est de l'ordre de 100 à 700t (de 1000 kN à 7000 kN)By way of example, the range of positioning force is of the order of 100 to 700 t (from 1000 kN to 7000 kN)

A titre d'exemple également, la course de l'actionneur de positionnement est inférieure à 100 mm, et en particulier comprise entre 0 et 50 mm, par exemple de l'ordre de 30mm.By way of example also, the movement of the positioning actuator is less than 100 mm, and in particular between 0 and 50 mm, for example of the order of 30 mm.

Les vérins 19 et 29 sont agencés pour être actionnés selon une direction colinéaire, et de préférence confondue.The cylinders 19 and 29 are arranged to be actuated in a collinear direction, and preferably coincidental.

Le système de compression 3 comprend un support mobile 21. Le cylindre 19a du vérin 19 est solidaire du cylindre 29a du vérin 29 Le système de compression 3 comprend en outre un actionneur de déplacement 24. L'actionneur de déplacement 24 comprend ici deux vérins de déplacement 25, 27. Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, le système de déplacement 24 pourrait ne comprendre qu'un seul vérin de déplacement ou bien une pluralité de vérins de déplacement.The compression system 3 comprises a mobile support 21. The cylinder 19a of the cylinder 19 is integral with the cylinder 29a of the cylinder 29 The compression system 3 further comprises a displacement actuator 24. The displacement actuator 24 here comprises two cylinders of In other embodiments, the displacement system 24 could comprise only one displacement cylinder or a plurality of displacement cylinders.

Les vérins de déplacement 25, 27 comprennent chacun un cylindre 25a, 27a, solidaire du bâti, et une tige 25b, 27b reliée au cylindre du vérin 29 par des pattes 41.The displacement jacks 25, 27 each comprise a cylinder 25a, 27a, integral with the frame, and a rod 25b, 27b connected to the cylinder of the jack 29 by lugs 41.

L'actionneur de déplacement présentant une seconde valeur de course C2, la seconde valeur de course C2 étant supérieure à la première valeur de course C1.The displacement actuator having a second stroke value C2, the second stroke value C2 being greater than the first stroke value C1.

L'actionneur de déplacement est en outre agencé pour exercer un effort de déplacement dans une gamme d'efforts de déplacement, la gamme d'efforts de déplacement étant inférieure à la gamme d'efforts de compression.The displacement actuator is further arranged to exert a displacement force in a range of displacement forces, the range of displacement forces being less than the range of compression forces.

A titre d'exemple, la course C2 de l'actionneur de déplacement peut par exemple être comprise entre 400 à 900mm, notamment supérieure à 500 mm, ou notamment inférieure à 800 mm.For example, the stroke C2 of the displacement actuator may for example be between 400 to 900mm, especially greater than 500 mm, or especially less than 800 mm.

A titre d'exemple également, la gamme d'effort de déplacement GP2 peut être de l'ordre de 6t à 9t (ou 60 kN à 90 kN). Cette gamme d'effort peut notamment correspondre à la masse suspendue à l'actionneur de déplacement comprenant l'actionneur de compression.By way of example also, the range of displacement force GP2 may be of the order of 6t to 9t (or 60kN to 90kN). This range of effort can in particular, to correspond to the mass suspended on the displacement actuator comprising the compression actuator.

La deuxième valeur de course C2 et la gamme d'efforts de déplacement sont directement liées aux caractéristiques des vérins de déplacement 25, 27.The second stroke value C2 and the range of displacement forces are directly related to the characteristics of the displacement cylinders 25, 27.

Les vérins de déplacement 25, 27 sont agencés pour déplacer le support mobile 21 et donc l'actionneur de compression 16 le long des rails 23a, 23b.The displacement cylinders 25, 27 are arranged to move the movable support 21 and therefore the compression actuator 16 along the rails 23a, 23b.

La direction de déplacement du support mobile 21 et donc de l'actionneur de compression 16 est colinéaire à la direction de l'effort de compression exercé par l'actionneur de compression 16 sur le béton 6.The direction of movement of the mobile support 21 and therefore of the compression actuator 16 is collinear with the direction of the compressive force exerted by the compression actuator 16 on the concrete 6.

Enfin, le système de compression 3 comprend une butée d'appui 31. La butée d'appui 31 comprend une clenche 33. La clenche 33 est agencée pour occuper une position escamotée, représentée en figure 3a. La clenche 33 occupe la position escamotée lorsque l'actionneur de compression 16 est disposé dans la zone de veille 35. La clenche 33 est en outre agencée pour occuper une position de butée représentée en figure 3b. La clenche 33 occupe la position de butée lorsque l'actionneur de compression 16 est disposé dans la zone de travail 37. Dans la position de butée, une portion de la clenche 33 est disposée en regard de l'actionneur de compression 16, et deux portions d'extrémité de la clenche 33 sont en butée contre le bâti 2. Dans la position de butée, la clenche 33 ferme l'emplacement de réception 30 de l'actionneur de compression 16. L'actionneur de compression 16 peut ainsi prendre appui sur la clenche 33, la clenche 33 prenant elle-même appui sur le bâti 2. Les efforts de compression sont ainsi repris par le bâti 2 et non par le support mobile 21.Finally, the compression system 3 comprises a bearing abutment 31. The bearing abutment 31 comprises a latch 33. The latch 33 is arranged to occupy a retracted position, shown in FIG. figure 3a . The latch 33 occupies the retracted position when the compression actuator 16 is disposed in the standby zone 35. The latch 33 is further arranged to occupy an abutment position shown in FIG. figure 3b . The latch 33 occupies the abutment position when the compression actuator 16 is disposed in the working zone 37. In the abutment position, a portion of the latch 33 is disposed opposite the compression actuator 16, and two end portions of the latch 33 abut against the frame 2. In the stop position, the latch 33 closes the receiving location 30 of the compression actuator 16. The compression actuator 16 can thus be supported on the latch 33, the latch 33 itself taking support on the frame 2. The compression forces are thus taken up by the frame 2 and not by the mobile support 21.

Le vérin 29 permet le positionnement de l'actionneur de compression 16 sur la clenche 33. En effet, lorsque l'actionneur de compression 16 est disposé dans la zone de travail 37, la tige 29b sort du cylindre 29a et vient en butée contre la clenche 33.The jack 29 allows the positioning of the compression actuator 16 on the latch 33. Indeed, when the compression actuator 16 is disposed in the working area 37, the rod 29b leaves the cylinder 29a and abuts against the click 33.

Le système de compression 3 est configuré pour occuper une configuration de veille, représentée en figure 1 et une configuration de fonctionnement, représentée en figure 2.The compression system 3 is configured to occupy a standby configuration, represented in FIG. figure 1 and an operating configuration, represented in figure 2 .

Dans la configuration de veille, les vérins 19, 29 et les vérins de déplacement 25, 27 sont rétractés. Le support mobile 21, et l'actionneur de compression 16, sont disposés dans une zone de veille 35, en partie supérieure de la presse vibrante 1. En position de veille 35, le système de compression 16 est disposé dans l'emplacement de réception 30.In the standby configuration, the cylinders 19, 29 and the displacement cylinders 25, 27 are retracted. The mobile support 21, and the compression actuator 16, are arranged in a standby zone 35, in the upper part of the vibrating press 1. In the standby position 35, the compression system 16 is arranged in the receiving location 30.

Dans la configuration de fonctionnement, les vérins de déplacement 25, 27 sont en extension et le support mobile 21, et l'actionneur de compression, sont disposés dans une zone de travail 37, en partie inférieure des rails 23a, 23b.In the operating configuration, the displacement cylinders 25, 27 are in extension and the mobile support 21, and the compression actuator, are arranged in a working zone 37, in the lower part of the rails 23a, 23b.

La clenche 33 est mise en position de butée et la tige 29b du vérin 29 est mis en butée contre la clenche 33.The latch 33 is placed in abutment position and the rod 29b of the cylinder 29 is abutted against the latch 33.

Dans la zone de travail 37, l'actionneur de compression 16 est apte à occuper une position de compression et une position de repos. Dans la position de repos, le vérin 19 est rétracté et les pilons 17, 17' ne sont pas en contact avec le béton 6. Dans la position de compression, le vérin 19 est en extension, les pilons 17, 17' sont en contact avec le béton 6 et exercent un effort de compression sur le béton 6.In the working zone 37, the compression actuator 16 is able to occupy a compression position and a rest position. In the rest position, the jack 19 is retracted and the pestles 17, 17 'are not in contact with the concrete 6. In the compression position, the jack 19 is in extension, the pestles 17, 17' are in contact with the concrete 6 and exert a compressive force on the concrete 6.

Dans la position de compression, le vérin 19 prend appui sur le bâti 2 par l'intermédiaire de la butée d'appui 31 et la plaque de moulage 11 prend appui contre les pontets 40 ou contre les frappeurs 15 suivant l'avancement de la compression, les pontets 40 faisant office de référence inférieure définissant une position de référence R en fin de compression.In the compression position, the jack 19 is supported on the frame 2 by means of the bearing abutment 31 and the molding plate 11 bears against the bridges 40 or against the hitters 15 according to the progress of the compression , the bridges 40 acting as a lower reference defining a reference position R at the end of compression.

Un cycle de production du béton 6 dans sa forme finale comprend une suite d'étapes de compactage du béton 6 frais, puis de démoulage du béton 6 dans sa forme finale. Le cycle de production du béton 6 est défini par l'unité de contrôle, qui commande le système de vibration et le système de compression lors des différentes étapes.A production cycle of the concrete 6 in its final form comprises a sequence of compaction steps of the fresh concrete 6, and then demolding the concrete 6 in its final form. The production cycle of concrete 6 is defined by the control unit, which controls the vibration system and the compression system during the different stages.

Dans un état initial El, le système de compression 3 et le système de vibration 4 sont à l'arrêt. L'actionneur de compression 16 est disposé dans la zone de veille 35 et occupe la position de repos. La table vibrante 13 est libre du dispositif de bridage 10. La plaque de moulage 11 est disposée sur les frappeurs 15 et le moule 9 est disposé sur la plaque de moulage 11 en regard des pilons17, 17'. Le vérin 29 est rétracté et la clenche 33 occupe la position escamotée.In an initial state E1, the compression system 3 and the vibration system 4 are at a standstill. The compression actuator 16 is disposed in the idle zone 35 and occupies the rest position. The vibrating table 13 is free of the clamping device 10. The molding plate 11 is disposed on the hitters 15 and the mold 9 is disposed on the molding plate 11 facing the pestles 17, 17 '. The cylinder 29 is retracted and the latch 33 occupies the retracted position.

Dans une étape E1, on met en marche le système de vibration 4.In a step E1, the vibration system 4 is started.

Dans une étape E2, on verse le béton 6 dans les emplacements 7, 7' définis par le moule 9 et la plaque de moulage 11.In a step E2, the concrete 6 is poured into the locations 7, 7 'defined by the mold 9 and the molding plate 11.

Dans une étape E3, on dispose l'actionneur de compression 16 dans la zone de travail 37 en actionnant l'actionneur de déplacement 24. Les vérins de déplacement 25, 27 s'étendent et le support mobile 21 coulisse le long des rails 23a, 23b.In a step E3, the compression actuator 16 is placed in the working zone 37 by actuating the displacement actuator 24. The displacement cylinders 25, 27 extend and the mobile support 21 slides along the rails 23a, 23b.

Dans une étape E4, on dispose la clenche dans la position de butée. On actionne le vérin 29 dont on sort la tige 29b qui vient prendre appui contre la clenche 33, définissant ainsi la position de l'actionneur de compression 16.In a step E4, the latch is placed in the stop position. The actuator 29 is actuated from which the rod 29b is pulled which bears against the latch 33, thus defining the position of the compression actuator 16.

Dans une étape E5, on dispose l'actionneur de compression 16 en position de compression afin de réaliser le compactage du béton 6. L'étape E5 correspond à un premier mode de fonctionnement de l'actionneur de compression 16.In a step E5, the compression actuator 16 is placed in the compression position in order to compact the concrete 6. The step E5 corresponds to a first mode of operation of the compression actuator 16.

Au début de la compression, la plaque de moulage 11 est supportée par les frappeurs de la table vibrante et n'est pas au contact des pontets. A la fin de la compression, la plaque de moulage 11, sous l'effet de l'actionneur de compression, et notamment du vérin 29, vient au contact des pontets 40.At the beginning of the compression, the molding plate 11 is supported by the rappers of the vibrating table and is not in contact with the saddles. At the end of the compression, the molding plate 11, under the effect of the compression actuator, and in particular of the jack 29, comes into contact with the bridges 40.

Les pontets 40 forment ainsi une référence inférieure R pour la position de la plaque de moulage 11.The bridges 40 thus form a lower reference R for the position of the molding plate 11.

Lorsque la compression est réalisée, dans une étape E6, on met à l'arrêt le système de vibration 4.When the compression is performed, in a step E6, the vibration system 4 is stopped.

Dans une étape E7, on bride la table vibrante 13 à l'encontre de l'action de l'élément de rappel en disposant les crochets 12 du dispositif de bridage 10 dans les encoches 14 de la table vibrante 13. En particulier, le bridage peut être réalisé de façon à amener l'extrémité supérieure des frappeurs 15 en dessous du niveau des pontets. Ainsi, la position verticale, c'est-à-dire selon la direction de démoulage DM la plaque de moulage 11 est donc définie par son appui sur les pontets.In a step E7, the vibrating table 13 is clamped against the action of the return element by arranging the hooks 12 of the clamping device 10 in the notches 14 of the vibrating table 13. In particular, the clamping can be made to bring the upper end of the hitters below the level of the jumpers. Thus, the vertical position, that is to say in the demolding direction DM mold plate 11 is defined by its support on the bridges.

Dans une étape E8, on relâche l'effort de compression exercé par l'actionneur de compression 16 entre un premier niveau d'effort de compression correspondant à l'effort de compression à fournir pour le compactage du béton 6, et un deuxième niveau d'effort, inférieur au premier niveau d'effort. Le deuxième niveau d'effort correspond à un effort résiduel engendré par le poids de l'actionneur de compression 16. Le relâchement de l'effort de compression est réalisé par la mise à la bâche du vérin 19. L'étape E8 correspond à un deuxième mode de fonctionnement de l'actionneur de compression 16.In a step E8, the compression force exerted by the compression actuator 16 is released between a first level of compressive force corresponding to the compressive force to be provided for the compacting of the concrete 6, and a second level of compression. 'effort, lower than the first level of effort. The second level of effort corresponds to a residual force generated by the weight of the compression actuator 16. The relaxation of the compressive force is achieved by placing the cylinder 19 on the cover. The step E8 corresponds to a second mode of operation of the compression actuator 16.

Dans une étape E9, on bloque l'actionneur de compression 16 en translation selon la direction de démoulage DM dans une position au contact de l'élément de construction 5 correspondant à une position de fin de relâchement de l'effort de compression, c'est-à-dire lorsque le deuxième niveau d'effort de maintien est atteint. Le blocage en translation de l'actionneur de compression 16 est réalisé par un blocage du vérin 19 par exemple en réalisation une régulation hydraulique. L'étape E9 correspond à un troisième mode de fonctionnement de l'actionneur de compression 16.In a step E9, the compression actuator 16 is locked in translation in the demolding direction DM in a position in contact with the construction element 5 corresponding to an end position of release of the compression force, c ' that is, when the second level of sustaining effort is reached. The locking in translation of the compression actuator 16 is achieved by a blocking of the cylinder 19, for example in a hydraulic control. Step E9 corresponds to a third mode of operation of the compression actuator 16.

Dans une étape E10, on déplace le moule 9 selon la direction de démoulage DM afin de démouler le béton 6 dans sa forme finale. Etant donné que l'actionneur de compression est bloqué en translation, les pilons 17, 17' sont également bloqués en translation et restent donc dans une position fixe par rapport à la plaque de moulage qui est posée sur les pontets 40. Les pilons 17, 17' garantissent que l'élément de construction reste en position pendant que le moule est soulevé dans la direction de démoulage la dimension de l'élément étant préservé par l'écart entre la plaque de moulage 11 posée sur les pontets 40 et la surface des pilons 17,17'.In a step E10, the mold 9 is moved in the demolding direction DM in order to demold the concrete 6 in its final form. Given that the compression actuator is locked in translation, the pestles 17, 17 'are also locked in translation and therefore remain in a fixed position relative to the molding plate which is placed on the bridges 40. The pestles 17, 17' guarantee that the construction element remains in position while the mold is raised in the demolding direction, the dimension of the element being preserved by the gap between the molding plate 11 placed on the bridges 40 and the surface of the drumsticks 17, 17 '.

Une fois le démoulage réalisé, dans une étape E11, on dispose l'actionneur de compression 16 en position de repos. A cet effet, la tige du vérin 19b est rentrée, la tige du vérin 29b est également rentrée. La clenche 31 est ensuite escamotée, puis les vérins de l'actionneur de déplacement ramènent l'actionneur de compression dans la zone de veille.Once demolding is achieved, in a step E11, the compression actuator 16 is placed in the rest position. For this purpose, the rod of the jack 19b is retracted, the rod of the cylinder 29b is also retracted. The latch 31 is then retracted, then the cylinders of the displacement actuator bring the compression actuator into the idle zone.

Dans une étape E12, on débride la table vibrante en ôtant les crochets 12 des encoches 14.In a step E12, the vibrating table is debrided by removing the hooks 12 from the notches 14.

Certaines parties des étapes E10, E11, et E12 peuvent être réalisées en parallèle. Ainsi, Le débridage de la table vibrante peut être réalisé dès que la tige du vérin 19b est rentrée étant donné que la course du vérin est supérieure au débattement de la table entre sa position de bridage et de débridage.Some parts of steps E10, E11, and E12 can be performed in parallel. Thus, the unclamping of the vibrating table can be achieved as the cylinder rod 19b is retracted as the stroke of the cylinder is greater than the movement of the table between its clamping position and unclamping.

Dans une étape E13, on évacue la plaque de moulage 11 sur laquelle est disposé le béton 6 dans sa forme finale.In a step E13, the molding plate 11 is removed on which is placed the concrete 6 in its final form.

Afin de relancer un cycle de production d'élément de construction, on actionne l'actionneur de déplacement 24 afin de remonter l'actionneur de compression 16 dans la zone de veille 35 dans une étape E14. On dispose une nouvelle plaque de moulage 11 sur les frappeurs 15, et on dispose le moule 9 sur la nouvelle plaque de moulage 11, en regard des pilons 17, 17' dans une étape E15. On verse du béton 6 frais dans les emplacements 7 et 7' dans une étape E16.In order to restart a construction element production cycle, the displacement actuator 24 is actuated in order to raise the compression actuator 16 in the idle zone 35 in a step E14. A new molding plate 11 is placed on the hitters 15, and the mold 9 is placed on the new molding plate 11, facing the pestles 17, 17 'in a step E15. Fresh concrete 6 is poured into the locations 7 and 7 'in a step E16.

Suite à l'étape E16, la presse vibrante 1 se trouve dans un état semblable à l'état initial El et le cycle de production peut recommencer à partie de l'étape E1.Following step E16, the vibrating press 1 is in a state similar to the initial state El and the production cycle can start again from step E1.

Par exemple, dans un mode de réalisation reprenant les caractéristiques décrites précédemment, l'actionneur de compression est déplacé dans la zone de travail de façon à venir en regard du bâti 2. Son déplacement comprend une composante normale à la direction de démoulage DM. Ainsi, l'utilisation d'une clenche ne serait pas nécessaire et l'actionneur de compression 16 pourrait prendre appui directement sur le bâti 2.For example, in an embodiment incorporating the features described above, the compression actuator is moved in the work area so as to come opposite the frame 2. Its displacement comprises a component normal to the demolding direction DM. Thus, the use of a latch would not be necessary and the compression actuator 16 could bear directly on the frame 2.

Il est à noter que les vérins décrits ci-dessus sont des vérins hydrauliques. D'autres types de vérins peuvent être utilisés, et en particulier des vérins électriques pour la réalisation de l'actionneur de déplacement ou de positionnement.It should be noted that the cylinders described above are hydraulic cylinders. Other types of jacks can be used, and in particular electric jacks for the realization of the displacement actuator or positioning.

Un deuxième mode de réalisation est représenté en figure 5. Ce mode de réalisation est similaire au mode de réalisation décrit en figures 1 à 4 et diffère de celui-ci en ce que la presse vibrante comprend un support de vérin 101. Le support de vérin 101 est mobile et est agencé pour coulisser le long des guides 22a et 22b. Le support de vérin 101 est solidaire du cylindre 19a du vérin 19. Le support de vérin 101 est en outre solidaire des tiges 25b, 27b des vérins de déplacement 25, 27.A second embodiment is shown in figure 5 . This embodiment is similar to the embodiment described in Figures 1 to 4 and differs therefrom in that the vibrating press comprises a jack support 101. The jack support 101 is movable and is arranged to slide along the guides 22a and 22b. The cylinder support 101 is integral with the cylinder 19a of the cylinder 19. The cylinder support 101 is further secured to the rods 25b, 27b of the displacement cylinders 25, 27.

Comme décrit précédemment, le support mobile 21 est solidaire des pilons 17, 17' et de la tige 19b du vérin 19.As described above, the mobile support 21 is integral with the pestles 17, 17 'and the rod 19b of the cylinder 19.

Un troisième mode de réalisation est représenté en figure 6. Ce mode de réalisation est similaire aux modes de réalisation décrits précédemment et diffère de ceux-ci en ce l'actionneur de déplacement 24 comprend au moins une courroie et un réducteur 103. Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'actionneur comprend deux courroies 105, 107. Le réducteur 103 est un motoréducteur, solidaire du bâti. Les courroies 105, 107 sont de préférence crantées. Les courroies 105, 107 sont reliées d'une part au bâti 2 et d'autre part au support de vérin 101 afin de permettre le déplacement du vérin 19. Ce mode de réalisation diffère des modes de réalisation précédemment décrits en outre en ce que le positionnement du vérin 19 est réalisé par l'ensemble des courroies 105, 107 et du réducteur 103. En effet, l'actionneur de positionnement 28 comprend le réducteur 103 et les courroies 105, 107, le réducteur étant agencé pour fonctionner dans un sens de rotation inverse au sens de rotation dans lequel il fonctionne pour déplacer le vérin 19.A third embodiment is shown in figure 6 . This embodiment is similar to the embodiments described above and differs therefrom in that the displacement actuator 24 comprises at least one belt and a gearbox 103. In this embodiment, the actuator comprises two belts 105, 107. The gear reducer 103 is a geared motor, integral with the frame. The belts 105, 107 are preferably notched. The belts 105, 107 are connected on the one hand to the frame 2 and on the other hand to the jack support 101 in order to allow the actuator 19 to move. This embodiment differs from the embodiments previously described in addition in that the The cylinder 19 is positioned by all the belts 105, 107 and the gearbox 103. In fact, the positioning actuator 28 comprises the gearbox 103 and the belts 105, 107, the gearbox being arranged to operate in a direction of rotation. reverse rotation in the direction of rotation in which it operates to move the jack 19.

Lors du passage du vérin 19 de la zone de veille 35 à la zone de travail 37, le réducteur 103 est actionné selon un premier sens de rotation et les courroies 105, 107 sont mises en mouvement afin de déplacer le vérin 19, ici par l'intermédiaire du support de vérin 101. La clenche 33 est alors positionnée à l'appui du cylindre 19a. Le réducteur est ensuite actionné selon un deuxième sens de rotation, opposé au premier sens de rotation mettant en mouvement les courroies 105, 107, afin de positionner la clenche 33 en position de butée, c'est-à-dire en butée contre le bâti 2.During the passage of the jack 19 of the idle zone 35 to the working zone 37, the gearbox 103 is actuated in a first direction of rotation and the belts 105, 107 are set in motion to move the jack 19, here by intermediate cylinder support 101. The latch 33 is then positioned in support of the cylinder 19a. The gearbox is then actuated in a second direction of rotation, opposite to the first direction of rotation moving the belts 105, 107, in order to position the latch 33 in the stop position, that is to say in abutment against the frame 2.

Un quatrième mode de réalisation est représenté en figures 7a et 7b. Ce mode de réalisation est similaire aux modes de réalisation décrits précédemment et diffère de ceux-ci en ce l'actionneur de déplacement 24 comprend un réducteur 103 et au moins un système bielle/manivelle. Dans ce mode de réalisation l'actionneur de déplacement comprend deux systèmes bielle/manivelle 109, 111 afin de permettre le déplacement du vérin 19. Les systèmes bielle/manivelle comprennent chacun une manivelle 109a, 111a, solidaire du bâti 2. Les systèmes bielle/manivelle comprennent chacun une bielle 109b, 111b, solidaires du support de vérin 101.A fourth embodiment is shown in figures 7a and 7b . This embodiment is similar to the previously described embodiments and differs therefrom in that the displacement actuator 24 comprises a gearbox 103 and at least one connecting rod / crank system. In this embodiment, the displacement actuator comprises two crank / crank systems 109, 111 in order to allow the cylinder 19 to move. The crank / crank systems each comprise a crank 109a, 111a, integral with the frame 2. The crank systems / crank each comprise a rod 109b, 111b, integral with the cylinder support 101.

Le mode de réalisation représenté en figures 7a et 7b diffère également des autres modes de réalisation en ce que l'actionneur de positionnement 28 comprend au moins un élément de butée 113 à la place du vérin 29. L'élément de butée 113 est solidaire du bâti 2. Les systèmes bielle/manivelle 109, 111 comprennent chacun un élément de liaison 109c, 111c, agencés pour venir en butée, chacun contre un élément de butée 113.The embodiment shown in figures 7a and 7b also differs from the other embodiments in that the positioning actuator 28 comprises at least one abutment element 113 in place of the cylinder 29. The abutment element 113 is integral with the frame 2. The connecting rod / crank systems 109, 111 each comprise a connecting member 109c, 111c, arranged to abut each against a stop member 113.

Ces éléments de butée sont agencés pour bloquer les bielles 109b, 111b selon un angle α déterminé par rapport à la direction DV de course du vérin 19. La direction DV est sensiblement verticale. L'angle α est compris entre 0° et 90°. De préférence l'angle α est compris entre 1° et 10°. Bien entendu, la présente invention ne se limite pas aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés, fournis à titre d'exemples illustratifs et non limitatifs, l'invention étant définie par revendications ci-dessous.These abutment elements are arranged to lock the connecting rods 109b, 111b at an angle α determined with respect to the travel direction DV of the cylinder 19. The direction DV is substantially vertical. The angle α is between 0 ° and 90 °. Preferably the angle α is between 1 ° and 10 °. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown, provided by way of illustrative and non-limiting examples, the invention being defined by claims below.

Claims (13)

  1. A method for demolding a construction element (5) of a vibrating press (1), the vibrating press (1) comprising:
    - a mold (9), defining a receiving location (7, 7') for receiving a construction element (5), the mold (9) being a through mold so as to enable a demolding of the construction element (5) according to a demolding direction (DM);
    - a molding plate (11) supporting the mold (9);
    - a reference support (40) intended to define a reference position (R) of the molding plate with respect to a frame (2) of the press;
    - a vibration system (4) arranged to impart a vibration movement of the molding plate comprising at least one component according to the demolding direction (DM), the vibration system (4) comprising at least one biasing element (15) for biasing the molding plate whose position according to the demolding direction (DM) may overpass the reference position (R) defined by the reference support in order to impart the vibration movement of the molding plate, the vibration system (4) being subjected to the action of a return element arranged to bring the at least one biasing element (15) into a position overpassing the reference position (R),
    - a compression actuator (16) configured to exert a compressive force on the construction element (5);
    the demolding method comprising:
    - a step of placing the vibrating press (1) in a configuration in which the construction element (5) is disposed in the receiving location (7, 7') and in which the compression actuator (16) is disposed in a compression position in contact with the construction element (5) and subjects the construction element (5) to a compressive force so as to bring the molding plate against the reference support (40);
    - a step (E7) of clamping the vibrating system (4) according to the demolding direction (DM), against the action of the return element, so as to position the at least one biasing element (15) below the reference position (R) in the demolding direction (DM);
    - a step (E8) of releasing of the compressive force exerted by the compression actuator (16) on the construction element (5);
    - a step (E9) of blocking the compression actuator (16) in a position in contact with the construction element (5);
    - a step (E10) of displacing the mold (9) according to the demolding direction (DM).
  2. The demolding method according to claim 1, comprising, following the displacement step (E10), a rest step (E11) in which the compression actuator (16) is displaced into a rest position in which the compression actuator (16) is not in contact with the construction element (5).
  3. The demolding method according to claim 2 comprising, following the rest step (E 11), a step (E12) of unclamping the vibration system (4).
  4. The demolding method according to claim 3 comprising, following the step (E12) of unclamping the vibration system (4), a step (E13) of evacuating the molding plate (11) on which the construction element (5) is disposed.
  5. The demolding method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein during the release step (E8), the compressive force is released from a first level of compressive force to a second level of holding force lower than the first level of compressive force.
  6. The demolding method according to claim 5, wherein the second level of holding force corresponds to a residual force caused by the weight of the compression actuator (16).
  7. A vibrating press (1) for producing a construction element (5) comprising:
    - a mold (9), defining a receiving location (7, 7') for receiving a construction element (5), the mold (9) being a through mold so as to enable a demolding of the construction element (5) according to a demolding direction (DM);
    - a molding plate (11) supporting the mold (9);
    - a reference support (40) intended to define a reference position (R) of the molding plate with respect to a frame (2) of the press;
    - a vibration system (4) arranged to impart a vibration movement of the molding plate comprising at least one component according to the demolding direction (DM), the vibration system (4) comprising at least one biasing element (15) for biasing the molding plate whose position according to the demolding direction (DM) may overpass the reference position (R) defined by the reference support in order to impart the vibration movement of the molding plate, the vibration system (4) being subjected to the action of a return element arranged to bring the at least one biasing element (15) into a position overpassing the reference position (R),
    - a clamping device (10) arranged to clamp the molding plate (11) according to the demolding direction (DM), against the action of the return element;
    - a compression system (3) comprising a compression actuator (16) configured to exert a compressive force on the construction element (5);
    the compression actuator (16) being arranged to have:
    - a first operating mode in which the compression actuator (16) is disposed in a compression position, in contact with the construction element (5) and is arranged to subject the construction element (5) to a compressive force so as to bring the molding plate against the reference support (40) into the reference position (R);
    - a second operating mode in which the compression actuator (16) is arranged to release the compressive force on the construction element (5);
    - a third operating mode in which the compression actuator (16) is arranged to be blocked in translation according to the demolding direction (DM) in order to enable the demolding of the construction element (5),
    the clamping device (10) being arranged to proceed with the clamping of the vibration system (4) prior to the implementation of the second operating mode of the compression actuator (16), so as to position the at least one biasing element (15) below the reference position (R) in the demolding direction (DM)
  8. The vibrating press according to claim 7, wherein the compression system (3) comprises, besides the compression actuator (16), at least one displacement actuator (24) arranged to displace the compression actuator (16) between a standby area (35) and a working area (37).
  9. The vibrating press according to claim 8 wherein the compression actuator (16) is arranged to exert a compressive force on the construction element (5) in the working area (35), and the compression actuator (16) having a first stroke value (C1), the displacement actuator having a second stroke value (C2), the second stroke value (C2) being larger than the first stroke value (C1), the compression actuator being arranged to exert the compressive force within a range of compressive forces, the displacement actuator being arranged to exert a displacing force within a range of displacing forces, the range of displacing forces being lower than the range of compressive forces.
  10. The vibrating press according to any of claims 7 to 9, wherein the clamping device (10) comprises hooks (12) arranged to cooperate with the vibration system (4).
  11. The vibrating press according to any of claims 7 to 10, wherein, in the second operating mode, the compression actuator (16) is arranged to release the compressive force between a first level of compressive force and a second level of holding force, lower than the first level of compressive force.
  12. The vibrating press according to claim 11, wherein the second level of holding force corresponds to a residual force caused by the weight of the compression actuator (16).
  13. The vibrating press according to any of claims 7 to 12, wherein the compression actuator (16) comprises a cylinder (19), which when connected to the pressurized fluid tank allows carrying out the release of the compressive force and whose blocking enables the blocking of the compression actuator (16) in translation according to the demolding direction (DM).
EP15199252.6A 2014-12-10 2015-12-10 Method for stripping a construction element from a vibrating press Active EP3031601B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1462159A FR3029823B1 (en) 2014-12-10 2014-12-10 METHOD FOR DEMOLISHING A BUILDING ELEMENT OF A VIBRATION PRESS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3031601A1 EP3031601A1 (en) 2016-06-15
EP3031601B1 true EP3031601B1 (en) 2019-08-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15199252.6A Active EP3031601B1 (en) 2014-12-10 2015-12-10 Method for stripping a construction element from a vibrating press

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EP (1) EP3031601B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3029823B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111267205B (en) * 2020-03-12 2020-11-20 罗田国盛物资有限公司 Method for manufacturing building material brick by recycling tailing slag

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR856220A (en) * 1939-06-15 1940-06-07 Installation intended for the manufacture of vibrated concrete construction elements such as slabs, tiles, bricks, segments, slabs and others
DE2554984C3 (en) * 1975-12-06 1979-10-04 Molenaar's Betonindustrie B.V., Goes (Niederlande) Method and device for the production of concrete moldings
US4802836A (en) * 1987-07-13 1989-02-07 Gilles Whissell Compaction device for concrete block molding machine
FR2636603B1 (en) * 1988-08-02 1990-11-02 Meridionale Agglomeres PALLET FOR SHOPPING, HANDLING OF VARIOUS PRODUCTS AND PROCESS FOR OBTAINING SAME
DE10061449A1 (en) * 2000-12-10 2002-06-13 Gedib Ingbuero Innovation Compacting device for compacting product bodies consisting of granular mass
DE112006003929A5 (en) * 2006-06-21 2009-04-30 Harald Winkler Plant and method for producing concrete products
EP1967339B1 (en) * 2007-03-07 2014-04-23 IAB - Institut für Angewandte Bauforschung Weimar gGmbH Method and device for compacting dry mixtures

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3029823A1 (en) 2016-06-17
FR3029823B1 (en) 2016-12-09
EP3031601A1 (en) 2016-06-15

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