EP3029206A1 - Multi-part shaft cover - Google Patents

Multi-part shaft cover Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3029206A1
EP3029206A1 EP15197205.6A EP15197205A EP3029206A1 EP 3029206 A1 EP3029206 A1 EP 3029206A1 EP 15197205 A EP15197205 A EP 15197205A EP 3029206 A1 EP3029206 A1 EP 3029206A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
manhole cover
frame
triangular
manhole
shaft
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Granted
Application number
EP15197205.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3029206B1 (en
Inventor
Martin Kohler
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Bellonitec AG
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Bellonitec AG
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Publication of EP3029206A1 publication Critical patent/EP3029206A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/1409—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers adjustable in height or inclination

Definitions

  • Manhole covers for cable ducts consist of a manhole cover and a manhole frame, with the chess cover coming to rest on the manhole frame.
  • Manhole covers are manufactured and installed in various versions, e.g. as cast plates, concrete slabs, sheet metal trays etc.
  • Manhole covers are used to cover access points for lines, for example in streets. They have a size which is dimensioned such that the lines are easily accessible from the outside. A preferred embodiment is dimensioned such that a person can climb into the shaft.
  • Manhole covers In practice, special tools are used to lift and move these heavy manhole covers.
  • the most serious Manhole covers (100 to 400 kg) are pulled out of the frame of the manhole cover by holding them on one side with the specified special tools and dragging them to the surrounding road or surrounding area. This creates annoying grooves and scratches on the surrounding area, especially in tar parquet, which then have to be repaired with considerable costs.
  • Such manhole covers usually cover a large manhole opening. They rest on a frame and are - especially when such manhole covers are arranged in a road used by motor vehicles - secured with perpendicular to the road extending screws or similar locks. Nevertheless, these manhole covers are not flat, rattling and hitting within the frame, which in turn causes the bolts to loosen and come off the road surface, which in turn leads to damage to the motor vehicles. In addition, the manhole cover and the structure below the manhole cover are permanently damaged so that they do not have a long service life.
  • triangular covers are already known from the prior art.
  • the manhole shape is rectangular, but includes several mutually arranged triangular cover, which together give a rectangular shape in plan view.
  • a longitudinal side of the respective triangular cover is articulated via a hinge on the frame of the manhole cover.
  • the respective triangular cover are folded out of the shaft level and are comparable to a door out of the shaft level.
  • the area around the shaft must be secured accordingly.
  • the pointed corners of the triangular lids stand upwards and represent a danger potential.
  • the triangular lids must be secured against unintentional falling into the shaft plane.
  • the actual function of storing triangular lids at statically determined three points is canceled by the hinges of the triangular cover on the manhole cover. Therefore, it is necessary to fix the individual lids when not in use.
  • the object of the invention is to be able to accomplish the installation and removal of the manhole cover from the manhole frame with less effort, but still to provide a high stability and safety during installation in a roadway for motor vehicles.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to combine the advantages of a triangular lid with those of a quadrilateral lid.
  • At least two triangular lids are placed on a frame of a shaft, in which case corresponding translational degrees of freedom are free in this support plane.
  • these triangular lids When removing the manhole cover these triangular lids to a composite of a square lid, the composite is easily removed as a manhole cover on one side of the shaft by lifting and moving.
  • Two triangular elements form a manhole cover.
  • the triangular elements are coupled together on the side that does not come to rest on one of the frame parts of the manhole. In a preferred embodiment, this is the diagonal of the top view rectangular manhole cover.
  • the coupling of these two triangular elements is designed such that a displacement is possible transversely to the longitudinal extension and thus also in the direction of the diagonal, whereas in the direction of the longitudinal extension a rigid coupling is provided. Due to this rigid coupling in the pulling direction and thus opening of the manhole cover a simple opening of the shaft is possible without the individual triangle cover must be raised and secured individually.
  • the individual triangular elements as soon as they rest on the frame of the shaft, are movable transversely to the longitudinal extent. Due to the coupling with a longitudinal side of the directions of the respective triangular cover are given.
  • means which move the two triangular lids in the opposite direction, so that they tense in the frame of the shaft.
  • These means can either be operated by hand by appropriate screws are provided.
  • the means may be formed such that upon insertion of the manhole cover, a positioning of the triangular cover is done automatically.
  • appropriate scenes may be formed, which cooperate with the respective triangular cover.
  • a pen-like training engages in a backdrop on the side of the shaft and guides the triangular element in the appropriate direction, namely transverse to Longitudinal extent. Preferably, this happens shortly before placing the manhole cover on the manhole frame.
  • Another advantageous embodiment provides that a locking of the manhole cover is provided with the manhole frame.
  • a lever-like design achieved by pivoting from a first to a second position, a locking of the manhole cover.
  • a development of the lock provides that, instead of the previously described slotted guide, a displacement of the triangular elements is effected by the locking process.
  • a manhole usually comprises one or more, preferably two manhole covers, each manhole cover consisting of two triangular elements.
  • the triangular elements are formed by a frame, wherein the frame consists of frame members which are connected or loose.
  • the frame frames a cavity bounded by a bottom plate.
  • the cavity can be poured by concrete or equivalent material.
  • a corresponding plate can be inserted and fixed in the cavity.
  • the frame itself is preferably made of metal, especially steel or stainless steel and can be prefabricated, for example, with a laser cutting process. The assembly is done simply by welding or equivalent means for connecting.
  • the rolling device comprises at least two rollers which are displaceable exclusively in the longitudinal direction of rotation.
  • This rolling device is arranged on a transverse side of the manhole cover, so that lifting of the rectangular manhole cover on the opposite side of the rolling device is activated. Then roll the rollers of the rolling device on the frame of the shaft until the manhole cover releases the opening of the shaft. When not bent or tilted, the rollers are not active. This means that the manhole cover does not rest on the rollers, but on the frame of the manhole cover.
  • each manhole cover triangle may include one or more leveling devices. This serves to align the distance of the underside of the respective manhole cover triangle with respect to the frame of the shaft, so that the top ends flush with, for example, the roadway. By leveling a statically determined storage (on three points) and a height adjustment is achieved. If the frame of the shaft and the manhole cover are newly manufactured, usually a level control is not required.
  • the initial costs are very low. This is due to the fact that the manhole cover with its two triangular elements consists of a frame, whose parts can be easily and inexpensively (without mold) produced by a computer-controlled cutting system.
  • reinforcements are provided in one embodiment within the frame and connected to the frame. These are - preferably on site - poured over with concrete, so that a finished manhole cover can be provided.
  • manhole cover Due to the design of the manhole cover can be used in any previously existing shaft, so that a rehabilitation of such shafts is easily possible.
  • the dimensions can be adjusted depending on the shaft design due to the simple frame construction. This affects both height and width.
  • the manhole cover both in terms of its structure and its manufacture, its security and the possible additional features, such as height adjustment and roller device over the prior art, many advantages.
  • a manhole cover 1 for covering a manhole.
  • This shaft cover 1 which is rectangular in plan view, consists of two triangular elements 2, 3, which are coupled together. The division is preferably done diagonally within the rectangular configuration.
  • a triangular element 2, 3 comprises a frame 4, which is designed in a triangular shape in plan view.
  • the frame 4 preferably consists of a plurality of individual frame parts, which are connectable to each other.
  • the triangular element 2, 3 is designed such that they each have a cavity 5, which is suitable to be filled, for example, with liquid concrete.
  • the cavity 5 is also suitable, corresponding reinforcements 20 (FIG. Fig. 5 ) for stiffening.
  • the cavity 5 together with the reinforcements 20 can then be poured, for example, with concrete.
  • roller devices 7 are provided on a transverse side 19 of the manhole cover 1 . These roller devices 7, in particular in the Fig. 1 and 5 shown, are in a horizontal plane of the manhole cover 1 out of force. The manhole cover 1 rests on the frame part. This will ensure that the roller devices 7, when needed to remove the manhole cover, will actually work and not be rendered inoperative by the constant load on the manhole cover.
  • the two manhole cover triangles 2, 3 are coupled together at the respective end face 6 of the triangular element 2, 3.
  • the coupling takes place via the frame 4 and a connection element 8 provided there, in which the one frame of one triangular element 2 is suspended in the frame of the other triangular element 3.
  • a triangular element 3 has a nose-like design which engages in a corresponding recess of the other triangular element 2.
  • the two triangular elements 2, 3 are coupled in the longitudinal direction (arrow direction 10) and connected.
  • a shift in the direction of arrow 10 is limited or not possible, whereas a shift in the direction of arrow 11 is possible.
  • the manhole cover 1 when removed from the manhole, is a quadrangular manhole cover, whereas in the case of storage on the manhole it consists of two triangular elements 2, 3.
  • a manhole cover 1 For the production of a manhole cover 1 according to the invention, the individual parts of the frame 4, as in FIG Figure 4 manufactured and assembled to each triangular elements 2, 3. If the resulting cavity 5 is poured with concrete, previously reinforcements 20, as in Fig. 5 shown, and preferably to attach to the frame by welding.
  • the manhole cover 1 is now functional and can be introduced into a shaft 15 on site. In the shaft 15, a frame 16 is provided for support. Positioning means or webs 17 contribute to the function of the manhole cover 1.
  • the manhole cover 1 can be cast on site.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schachtdeckel zum Abdecken eines Schachts, insbesondere eines Leitungs- und Versorgungsschachts, wobei der Schachtdeckel aus Dreieckselementen gebildet ist. Erfindungsgemäss ist vorgesehen, dass die Dreieckselemente (2, 3) aus einem umlaufenden Rahmen (4) bestehen, derart, dass ein Hohlraum 5 gebildet wird, wobei die beiden Dreieckselemente (2, 3) gegeneinander verschieblich gelagert sind.The invention relates to a manhole cover for covering a shaft, in particular a conduit and supply shaft, wherein the manhole cover is formed from triangular elements. According to the invention, it is provided that the triangular elements (2, 3) consist of a peripheral frame (4), such that a cavity 5 is formed, the two triangular elements (2, 3) being displaceable relative to one another.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Schachtabdeckungen für Kabelschächte bestehen aus einem Schachtdeckel und einem Schachtrahmen, wobei der Schachdeckel auf dem Schachtrahmen zur Anlage gelangt. Schachtabdeckungen werden in verschiedenen Versionen hergestellt und eingebaut, z.B. als Gussplatten, Betonplatten, Blechwannen etc.Manhole covers for cable ducts consist of a manhole cover and a manhole frame, with the chess cover coming to rest on the manhole frame. Manhole covers are manufactured and installed in various versions, e.g. as cast plates, concrete slabs, sheet metal trays etc.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Schachtdeckel werden zur Abdeckung von Zugängen für Leitungen beispielsweise in Strassen eingesetzt. Sie weisen eine Grösse auf, die derart bemessen ist, dass die Leitungen gut von aussen erreichbar sind. Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform ist derart bemessen, dass ein Mensch in den Schacht steigen kann.Manhole covers are used to cover access points for lines, for example in streets. They have a size which is dimensioned such that the lines are easily accessible from the outside. A preferred embodiment is dimensioned such that a person can climb into the shaft.

Bei allen Einbau-Varianten besteht oftmals ein Handling-Problem, besonders bei schweren Ausführungen. Der Ein- und Ausbau des Schachtdeckels der Schachtabdeckung erfordert meistens erhebliche Muskelkraft und muss in den meisten Fällen von zwei Personen bewerkstelligt werden. Personen mit Rückenleiden sind für diese Arbeit in der Regel überfordert. Für schnelle Service-und Kontrollöffnungen solcher Schachtdeckel sind meistens auch keine Hebehilfen wie Kran oder Stapler vorhanden.In all installation variants, there is often a handling problem, especially in heavy designs. The installation and removal of the manhole cover of the manhole cover usually requires considerable muscle power and must be accomplished in most cases by two people. People with back problems are usually overwhelmed for this work. For quick service and inspection openings such manhole covers are usually no lifting aids such as crane or forklift available.

In der Praxis behilft man sich mit Spezialwerkzeugen, um diese schweren Schachtdeckel anzuheben und zu verschieben. Die überaus schweren Schachtdeckel (100 bis 400 kg) werden aus dem Rahmen der Schachtabdeckung herausgezogen, indem diese einseitig mit den genannten Spezialwerkzeugen gehalten und auf die umliegende Strassen- oder Umgebungsfläche geschleift werden. Dabei entstehen auf der Umgebungsfläche vielfach störende Rillen und Kratzer, besonders bei Teerbelägen, welche dann mit erheblichen Kosten wieder ausgebessert werden müssen.In practice, special tools are used to lift and move these heavy manhole covers. The most serious Manhole covers (100 to 400 kg) are pulled out of the frame of the manhole cover by holding them on one side with the specified special tools and dragging them to the surrounding road or surrounding area. This creates annoying grooves and scratches on the surrounding area, especially in tar parquet, which then have to be repaired with considerable costs.

Das Einbringen der schweren Schachtdeckel ist meistens ebenfalls recht umständlich, und allein das Hineinschieben in den Schachtrahmen ist mühsam, wenn diese nur über den Boden hinweg gezogen werden können.The introduction of the heavy manhole cover is also usually quite cumbersome, and only the pushing into the manhole frame is tedious if they can only be pulled over the floor.

Solche Schachtdeckel decken in der Regel auch eine grosse Schachtöffnung ab. Sie liegen auf einem Rahmen auf und sind - insbesondere dann, wenn solche Schachtdeckel in einer mit Kraftfahrzeugen befahrenen Strasse angeordnet sind - mit senkrecht zur Strasse sich erstreckenden Schrauben oder vergleichbaren Verriegelungen gesichert. Trotzdem liegen diese Schachtdeckel nicht plan auf, klappern und schlagen innerhalb des Rahmens, was wiederum dazu führt, dass sich die Schrauben lockern und aus der Fahrbahnoberfläche treten, was wiederum zu Schäden an den Kraftfahrzeugen führt. Zudem werden die Schachtdeckel und das Bauwerk unterhalb des Schachtdeckels dauerhaft beschädigt, so dass diese keine hohe Standzeit aufweisen.Such manhole covers usually cover a large manhole opening. They rest on a frame and are - especially when such manhole covers are arranged in a road used by motor vehicles - secured with perpendicular to the road extending screws or similar locks. Nevertheless, these manhole covers are not flat, rattling and hitting within the frame, which in turn causes the bolts to loosen and come off the road surface, which in turn leads to damage to the motor vehicles. In addition, the manhole cover and the structure below the manhole cover are permanently damaged so that they do not have a long service life.

Werden die Schrauben bei der Installation vergessen, so besteht die Gefahr, dass der Schachtdeckel weiter beim Überfahren in Bewegung ist und so Schäden an dem Schacht aber auch an den Kraftfahrzeugen entstehen kann.If the screws are forgotten during installation, there is the danger that the manhole cover will continue to move when it is driven over, thus causing damage to the shaft but also to the motor vehicles.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind bereits sogenannte Dreiecksdeckel bekannt. Die Schachtform ist rechteckig, umfasst aber mehrere zueinander angeordnete Dreiecksdeckel, die in Draufsicht zusammen eine rechteckige Form ergeben. Eine Längsseite der jeweiligen Dreiecksdeckel ist über ein Scharnier am Rahmen des Schachtdeckels angelenkt. Zum Öffnen des Schachtdeckels werden die jeweiligen Dreiecksdeckel aus der Schachtebene herausgeklappt und stehen vergleichbar mit einer Tür aus der Schachtebene heraus. Der Bereich um den Schacht herum ist entsprechend zu sichern. Die spitzen Ecken der Dreiecksdeckel stehen nach oben ab und stellen ein Gefahrenpotential dar. Zudem müssen die Dreiecksdeckel gegen das nichtgewollte Zufallen in die Schachtebene gesichert werden. Die eigentliche Funktion der Lagerung von Dreiecksdeckeln auf statisch bestimmten drei Punkten wird durch die Scharnieranlenkung des Dreiecksdeckels an dem Schachtdeckel aufgehoben. Daher ist es notwendig, die einzelnen Deckel bei Nichtgebrauch zu fixieren.So-called triangular covers are already known from the prior art. The manhole shape is rectangular, but includes several mutually arranged triangular cover, which together give a rectangular shape in plan view. A longitudinal side of the respective triangular cover is articulated via a hinge on the frame of the manhole cover. To open the manhole cover, the respective triangular cover are folded out of the shaft level and are comparable to a door out of the shaft level. The area around the shaft must be secured accordingly. The pointed corners of the triangular lids stand upwards and represent a danger potential. In addition, the triangular lids must be secured against unintentional falling into the shaft plane. The actual function of storing triangular lids at statically determined three points is canceled by the hinges of the triangular cover on the manhole cover. Therefore, it is necessary to fix the individual lids when not in use.

Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, die Ein- und Ausbauprozedur des Schachtdeckels aus dem Schachtrahmen mit weniger Kraftaufwand bewerkstelligen zu können, aber dennoch eine hohe Stabilität und Sicherheit bei der Montage in einer Fahrbahn für Kraftfahrzeuge zu bieten.The object of the invention is to be able to accomplish the installation and removal of the manhole cover from the manhole frame with less effort, but still to provide a high stability and safety during installation in a roadway for motor vehicles.

Lösung der AufgabeSolution of the task

Die Lösung der Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale von Anspruch 1 gezeigt.The solution of the problem is shown by the features of claim 1.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, die Vorzüge eines Dreiecksdeckels mit denen eines Vierecksdeckels zu kombinieren.The basic idea of the invention is to combine the advantages of a triangular lid with those of a quadrilateral lid.

Mindestens zwei Dreiecksdeckel sind auf einem Rahmen eines Schachts aufgelegt, wobei hier entsprechende translatorische Freiheitsgrade in dieser Auflageebene frei sind. Beim Entnehmen des Schachtdeckels werden diese Dreiecksdeckel zu einem Verbund eines Vierecksdeckels, wobei der Verbund als ein Schachtdeckel auf einer Seite des Schachts durch Anheben und Verschieben einfach herausnehmbar ist.At least two triangular lids are placed on a frame of a shaft, in which case corresponding translational degrees of freedom are free in this support plane. When removing the manhole cover these triangular lids to a composite of a square lid, the composite is easily removed as a manhole cover on one side of the shaft by lifting and moving.

Die translatorische Verschiebung der einzelnen Dreiecksdeckel auf dem Schachtrahmen des Schachts bewirkt, dass diese sich ausrichten können, so dass jegliches Spiel zwischen Rahmen und Schachtdeckel kompensierbar ist. Dadurch wird eine sichere und klapperfreie Auflage ermöglicht.The translational displacement of the individual triangular lids on the shaft frame of the shaft causes them to align so that any play between the frame and the shaft cover can be compensated. This allows a safe and rattle-free edition.

Zwei Dreieckselemente bilden einen Schachtdeckel, Die Dreieckselemente sind an der Seite miteinander gekoppelt, die nicht auf einem der Rahmenteile des Schachtes zur Anlage gelangt. Bei einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das die Diagonale des in Draufsicht rechteckigen Schachtdeckels. Die Kopplung dieser beiden Dreieckselemente ist derart ausgebildet, dass quer zur Längserstreckung und damit auch in Richtung der Diagonalen eine Verschiebung möglich ist, wohingegen in Richtung der Längserstreckung eine starre Kopplung vorgesehen ist. Aufgrund dieser starren Kopplung in Zugrichtung und damit Öffnung des Schachtdeckels ist ein einfaches Öffnen des Schachtes möglich, ohne dass die einzelnen Dreiecksdeckel einzeln angehoben und gesichert werden müssen.Two triangular elements form a manhole cover. The triangular elements are coupled together on the side that does not come to rest on one of the frame parts of the manhole. In a preferred embodiment, this is the diagonal of the top view rectangular manhole cover. The coupling of these two triangular elements is designed such that a displacement is possible transversely to the longitudinal extension and thus also in the direction of the diagonal, whereas in the direction of the longitudinal extension a rigid coupling is provided. Due to this rigid coupling in the pulling direction and thus opening of the manhole cover a simple opening of the shaft is possible without the individual triangle cover must be raised and secured individually.

Wie zuvor sind die einzelnen Dreieckselemente, sobald diese auf dem Rahmen des Schachtes aufliegen, quer zur Längserstreckung beweglich. Aufgrund der Kopplung mit einer Längsseite sind die Richtungen der jeweiligen Dreiecksdeckel vorgegeben.As before, the individual triangular elements, as soon as they rest on the frame of the shaft, are movable transversely to the longitudinal extent. Due to the coupling with a longitudinal side of the directions of the respective triangular cover are given.

Um nun eine feste und wackel- bzw. klapperfreie Lagerung zu erreichen, sind Mittel vorgesehen, die die beiden Dreiecksdeckel in entgegengesetzte Richtung verschieben, so dass sich diese in dem Rahmen des Schachtes verspannen. Diese Mittel können entweder von Hand betätigt werden, indem entsprechende Stellschrauben vorgesehen sind. Alternativ können die Mittel derart ausgebildet werden, dass bei dem Einsetzen des Schachtdeckels eine Positionierung der Dreiecksdeckel selbsttätig erfolgt. Hierfür können entsprechende Kulissen ausgebildet sein, die mit dem jeweiligen Dreiecksdeckel zusammenwirken. Dabei greift eine stiftartige Ausbildung in eine Kulisse auf der Seite des Schachts und führt das Dreieckselement in die entsprechende Richtung, nämlich quer zur Längserstreckung. Vorzugsweise geschieht dies kurz vor Aufsetzen des Schachtdeckels auf dem Schachtrahmen.In order to achieve a firm and wobble-free or rattle-free storage, means are provided which move the two triangular lids in the opposite direction, so that they tense in the frame of the shaft. These means can either be operated by hand by appropriate screws are provided. Alternatively, the means may be formed such that upon insertion of the manhole cover, a positioning of the triangular cover is done automatically. For this purpose, appropriate scenes may be formed, which cooperate with the respective triangular cover. In this case, a pen-like training engages in a backdrop on the side of the shaft and guides the triangular element in the appropriate direction, namely transverse to Longitudinal extent. Preferably, this happens shortly before placing the manhole cover on the manhole frame.

Eine andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung sieht vor, dass eine Verriegelung des Schachtdeckels mit dem Schachtrahmen vorgesehen ist. Eine hebelartige Ausbildung erzielt durch Verschwenken von einer ersten in eine zweite Position ein Verriegeln des Schachtdeckels.Another advantageous embodiment provides that a locking of the manhole cover is provided with the manhole frame. A lever-like design achieved by pivoting from a first to a second position, a locking of the manhole cover.

Eine Weiterbildung der Verriegelung sieht vor, dass durch den Verriegelungsvorgang - anstelle der zuvor beschriebenen Kulissenführung - ein Verschieben der Dreieckselemente bewirkt wird.A development of the lock provides that, instead of the previously described slotted guide, a displacement of the triangular elements is effected by the locking process.

Andere Weiterbildungen sehen vor, dass Positionierstifte oder -stege an dem Rahmen des Schachts vorgesehen sind, damit eine genaue Lage des Schachtdeckels innerhalb des Rahmens gewährleistet ist. Zudem wird dadurch bestimmt, wann durch Angeben des Schachtdeckels auf einer Querseite die Rollenvorrichtung aktiviert wird.Other developments provide that positioning pins or webs are provided on the frame of the shaft, so that a precise position of the manhole cover is ensured within the frame. In addition, it is thereby determined when the roller device is activated by specifying the manhole cover on a transverse side.

Ein Schacht umfasst in der Regel ein- oder mehrere, vorzugsweise zwei Schachtdeckel, wobei jeder Schachtdeckel aus zwei Dreieckselementen besteht. Die Dreieckselemente werden durch einen Rahmen gebildet, wobei der Rahmen aus Rahmenelementen besteht, die miteinander verbunden oder lose sind. Der Rahmen umrahmt einen Hohlraum, der durch eine Bodenplatte begrenzt ist. Somit kann der Hohlraum durch Beton oder gleichwertiges Material ausgegossen werden. Alternativ kann auch eine entsprechende Platte in den Hohlraum eingelegt und fixiert werden.A manhole usually comprises one or more, preferably two manhole covers, each manhole cover consisting of two triangular elements. The triangular elements are formed by a frame, wherein the frame consists of frame members which are connected or loose. The frame frames a cavity bounded by a bottom plate. Thus, the cavity can be poured by concrete or equivalent material. Alternatively, a corresponding plate can be inserted and fixed in the cavity.

Der Rahmen selbst besteht vorzugweise aus Metall, insbesondere Stahl oder Edelstahl und kann beispielsweise mit einem Laserschneidverfahren vorgefertigt werden. Die Montage erfolgt einfach durch Verschweissen oder gleichwertige Mittel zum Verbinden.The frame itself is preferably made of metal, especially steel or stainless steel and can be prefabricated, for example, with a laser cutting process. The assembly is done simply by welding or equivalent means for connecting.

Die Kopplung von den beiden zueinander korrespondierenden Dreieckselementen erfolgt über ein Konnektierungselement. Dieses Konnektierungselement weist die Eigenschaft auf, dass es Verschiebungen der beiden Dreieckselemente quer zur Längserstreckung des Schachtdeckels, der die beiden Dreieckselemente umfasst, zulässt. In Längserstreckung dagegen sind die beiden Dreieckselemente fest miteinander verbunden.The coupling of the two mutually corresponding triangular elements via a Konnektierungselement. This Konnektierungselement has the property that it allows displacements of the two triangular elements transverse to the longitudinal extent of the manhole cover, which includes the two triangular elements. In longitudinal extension, however, the two triangular elements are firmly connected.

Durch den Einbau einer Rollvorrichtung an dem Schachtdeckel der Schachtabdeckung wird erreicht, dass mit bedeutend weniger Kraftaufwand dieser aus dem Schachtrahmen geführt werden kann. Die Rollvorrichtung umfasst mindestens zwei Rollen, die ausschliesslich eine Rotation in der Längsrichtung verschieblich sind. Diese Rollvorrichtung ist an einer Querseite des Schachtdeckels angeordnet, so dass ein Anheben des rechteckigen Schachtdeckels auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite die Rollvorrichtung aktiviert wird. Dann rollen die Rollen der Rollvorrichtung auf dem Rahmen des Schachtes bis der Schachtdeckel die Öffnung des Schachtes freigibt. Im nicht angewinkelten oder gekippten Zustand sind die Rollen nicht aktiv. Dies bedeutet, dass der Schachtdeckel nicht auf den Rollen aufliegt, sondern auf dem Rahmen des Schachtdeckels.By installing a rolling device on the manhole cover of the manhole cover is achieved that with significantly less force this can be performed from the manhole frame. The rolling device comprises at least two rollers which are displaceable exclusively in the longitudinal direction of rotation. This rolling device is arranged on a transverse side of the manhole cover, so that lifting of the rectangular manhole cover on the opposite side of the rolling device is activated. Then roll the rollers of the rolling device on the frame of the shaft until the manhole cover releases the opening of the shaft. When not bent or tilted, the rollers are not active. This means that the manhole cover does not rest on the rollers, but on the frame of the manhole cover.

Bei einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel kann jedes Schachtdeckeldreieck ein oder mehrere Nivelliervorrichtungen aufweisen. Diese dient dazu, den Abstand der Unterseite des jeweiligen Schachtdeckeldreiecks in Bezug auf den Rahmen des Schachtes auszurichten, so dass die Oberseite jeweils plan mit beispielsweise der Fahrbahn abschliesst. Durch die Nivelliervorrichtungen wird eine statisch bestimmte Lagerung (auf drei Punkten) und eine Höhenverstellung erreicht. Sofern Rahmen des Schachts sowie Schachtdeckel neu gefertigt werden, ist in der Regel eine Niveauregulierung nicht erforderlich.In another embodiment, each manhole cover triangle may include one or more leveling devices. This serves to align the distance of the underside of the respective manhole cover triangle with respect to the frame of the shaft, so that the top ends flush with, for example, the roadway. By leveling a statically determined storage (on three points) and a height adjustment is achieved. If the frame of the shaft and the manhole cover are newly manufactured, usually a level control is not required.

Durch die alternative Ausgestaltung eines solchen Schachtdeckels (anstelle von Guss-Material) sind die Initialkosten sehr gering. Dies liegt darin begründet, dass der Schachtdeckel mit seinen zwei Dreieckselementen aus einem Rahmen besteht, dessen Teile durch eine computergesteuerte Schneidanlage einfach und kostengünstig (ohne Formenbau) hergestellt werden kann.Due to the alternative embodiment of such a manhole cover (instead of cast material), the initial costs are very low. This is due to the fact that the manhole cover with its two triangular elements consists of a frame, whose parts can be easily and inexpensively (without mold) produced by a computer-controlled cutting system.

Damit der Schachtdeckel seine notwendige Statik und damit Steifigkeit erhält, sind bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel innerhalb des Rahmens und mit dem Rahmen verbunden Armierungen vorgesehen. Diese werden - vorzugsweise vor Ort - mit Beton übergossen, so dass ein fertiger Schachtdeckel bereitgestellt werden kann.So that the manhole cover receives its necessary statics and thus rigidity, reinforcements are provided in one embodiment within the frame and connected to the frame. These are - preferably on site - poured over with concrete, so that a finished manhole cover can be provided.

Alternativ ist vorgesehen, anstelle dem Einbringen einer Armierung und dem Vergiessen mit Beton, ein statisches Element in den Hohlraum, der durch den Rahmen gebildet wird, einzubringen. Dieses statische Element ist vorgefertigt, und kann auf sehr einfache Weise dann in den Rahmen eingebracht werden und mit diesem verbunden werden, so dass ein statisch fester Verbund von Rahmen und statischem Element entsteht.Alternatively, instead of introducing a reinforcement and casting with concrete, it is provided to introduce a static element into the cavity formed by the frame. This static element is prefabricated, and can then be very easily introduced into the frame and connected to it, so that a statically solid composite of frame and static element is formed.

Aufgrund der Gestaltung kann der Schachtdeckel in jeden bisher vorhandenen Schacht eingesetzt werden, so dass eine Sanierung solcher Schächte einfach möglich ist. Die Abmasse können je nach Schachtausbildung aufgrund der einfachen Rahmenkonstruktion angepasst werden. Dies betrifft sowohl Höhe als auch Breite.Due to the design of the manhole cover can be used in any previously existing shaft, so that a rehabilitation of such shafts is easily possible. The dimensions can be adjusted depending on the shaft design due to the simple frame construction. This affects both height and width.

Aufgrund der Auflagerung der Dreieckselemente sowie deren vorzugsweise selbsttätigen Verspannung innerhalb des Rahmens des Schachtelements ist eine Sicherung des Schachtdeckels ohne Verschraubung gegeben.Due to the Auflagerung of the triangular elements and their preferably automatic tension within the frame of the shaft member a backup of the manhole cover is given without screwing.

Da keine Scharnierteile (zum Aufklappen der Dreiecksdeckel) verwendet werden, ist ein wartungsarmer Schacht ohne Verschleissteile gegeben.Since no hinge parts (for opening the triangular cover) are used, there is a low-maintenance shaft without wearing parts.

Einfache Handhabung zum Schliessen und Öffnen neben einer einfachen Herstellung zeichnen die mehrteilige Schachtabdeckung aus.Simple handling for closing and opening in addition to a simple manufacture characterize the multi-part manhole cover.

Somit weist der Schachtdeckel sowohl in Bezug auf seinen Aufbau und seine Herstellung, seiner Sicherung und den möglichen Zusatzmerkmalen, wie Höhenverstellung und Rollenvorrichtung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik viele Vorteile auf.Thus, the manhole cover, both in terms of its structure and its manufacture, its security and the possible additional features, such as height adjustment and roller device over the prior art, many advantages.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen gehen aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen hervor.Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the following description and the drawings.

Zeichnungendrawings

Nachfolgend werden verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele dieser Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen erläutert. Darin zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht auf einen Schachtdeckel im nicht ausgegossenen Zustand;
Fig. 2
eine weitere perspektivische Ansicht auf den Schachtdeckel im nicht ausgegossenen Zustand;
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht an den Schachtdeckel gemäss Fig. 1 oder Fig. 2;
Fig. 4
eine Seitenansicht auf den Schachtdeckel gemäss Fig. 1 in Explosionsdarstellung;
Fig. 5
einen Schnitt durch einen Schacht mit dem Schachtdeckel, wobei in dem Hohlraum der jeweiligen Dreieckselemente bereits Armierungen angeordnet sind;
Fig. 6
eine Draufsicht auf einen eingebauten Schacht mit zwei Deckelelementen.
Hereinafter, various embodiments of this invention will be explained with reference to drawings. Show:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a manhole cover in the unfolded state;
Fig. 2
another perspective view of the manhole cover in the unfused state;
Fig. 3
a plan view of the manhole cover according Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 ;
Fig. 4
a side view of the manhole cover according Fig. 1 in exploded view;
Fig. 5
a section through a shaft with the manhole cover, wherein in the cavity of the respective triangular elements already reinforcements are arranged;
Fig. 6
a plan view of a built-in shaft with two cover elements.

Beschreibung eines AusführungsbeispielsDescription of an embodiment

In den Fig. 1 bis 5 ist ein Schachtdeckel 1 zum Abdecken eines Schachtes dargestellt. Dieser in Draufsicht rechteckig gestaltete Schachtdeckel 1 besteht aus zwei Dreieckselementen 2, 3, die miteinander gekoppelt sind. Die Teilung erfolgt vorzugweise diagonal innerhalb der rechteckigen Ausgestaltung.In the Fig. 1 to 5 a manhole cover 1 is shown for covering a manhole. This shaft cover 1, which is rectangular in plan view, consists of two triangular elements 2, 3, which are coupled together. The division is preferably done diagonally within the rectangular configuration.

Ein Dreieckselement 2, 3 umfasst einen Rahmen 4, der in Draufsicht dreieckförmig umlaufend gestaltet ist. Der Rahmen 4 besteht vorzugsweise aus mehreren einzelnen Rahmenteilen, die miteinander verbindbar sind. Das Dreieckselement 2, 3 ist derart gestaltet, dass diese jeweils einen Hohlraum 5 aufweisen, der geeignet ist, beispielsweise mit flüssigem Beton gefüllt zu werden. Der Hohlraum 5 ist auch geeignet, entsprechende Armierungen 20 (Fig. 5) zur Versteifung aufzunehmen. Der Hohlraum 5 zusammen mit den Armierungen 20 kann dann beispielsweise mit Beton ausgegossen werden.A triangular element 2, 3 comprises a frame 4, which is designed in a triangular shape in plan view. The frame 4 preferably consists of a plurality of individual frame parts, which are connectable to each other. The triangular element 2, 3 is designed such that they each have a cavity 5, which is suitable to be filled, for example, with liquid concrete. The cavity 5 is also suitable, corresponding reinforcements 20 (FIG. Fig. 5 ) for stiffening. The cavity 5 together with the reinforcements 20 can then be poured, for example, with concrete.

An einer Querseite 19 des Schachtdeckels 1 sind bei einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel Rollenvorrichtungen 7 vorgesehen. Diese Rollenvorrichtungen 7, insbesondere in den Fig. 1 und 5 dargestellt, sind in horizontaler Ebene des Schachtdeckels 1 ausser Kraft. Der Schachtdeckel 1 liegt auf dem Rahmenteil auf. Dadurch wird gewährleistet, dass die Rollenvorrichtungen 7, wenn diese zur Entfernung des Schachtdeckels benötigt werden, auch tatsächlich funktionieren, und nicht durch die ständige Belastung auf dem Schachtdeckel möglicherweise funktionslos werden.On a transverse side 19 of the manhole cover 1 roller devices 7 are provided in a preferred embodiment. These roller devices 7, in particular in the Fig. 1 and 5 shown, are in a horizontal plane of the manhole cover 1 out of force. The manhole cover 1 rests on the frame part. This will ensure that the roller devices 7, when needed to remove the manhole cover, will actually work and not be rendered inoperative by the constant load on the manhole cover.

Die beiden Schachtdeckeldreiecke 2, 3 sind an der jeweiligen Stirnseite 6 des Dreieckselements 2, 3 miteinander gekoppelt. Die Koppelung erfolgt über den Rahmen 4 und ein dort vorgesehenes Konnektierungselement 8, in dem der eine Rahmen des einen Dreieckselements 2 in den Rahmen des anderen Dreieckselements 3 eingehängt wird. Um dies zu ermöglichen, weist das eine Dreieckselement 3 eine nasenartige Ausbildung aus, die in eine korrespondierende Ausnehmung des anderen Dreieckselements 2.eingreift. Dadurch sind die beiden Dreieckselemente 2, 3 in Längsrichtung (Pfeilrichtung 10) gekoppelt und verbunden. Dadurch ist eine Verschiebung in Pfeilrichtung 10 nur bedingt bzw. nicht möglich, wohingegen eine Verschiebung in Pfeilrichtung 11 möglich ist. Durch diese Kopplung ist der Schachtdeckel 1 bei der Entnahme aus dem Schacht ein viereckiger Schachtdeckel, wohingegen dieser bei der Lagerung auf dem Schacht aus zwei Dreieckselementen 2, 3 besteht.The two manhole cover triangles 2, 3 are coupled together at the respective end face 6 of the triangular element 2, 3. The coupling takes place via the frame 4 and a connection element 8 provided there, in which the one frame of one triangular element 2 is suspended in the frame of the other triangular element 3. In order to make this possible, a triangular element 3 has a nose-like design which engages in a corresponding recess of the other triangular element 2. As a result, the two triangular elements 2, 3 are coupled in the longitudinal direction (arrow direction 10) and connected. As a result, a shift in the direction of arrow 10 is limited or not possible, whereas a shift in the direction of arrow 11 is possible. As a result of this coupling, the manhole cover 1, when removed from the manhole, is a quadrangular manhole cover, whereas in the case of storage on the manhole it consists of two triangular elements 2, 3.

Funktionsweise:Functionality:

Für die Herstellung eines erfindungsgemässen Schachtdeckels 1 werden die einzelnen Teile des Rahmens 4, wie in Fig.4 dargestellt gefertigt und zu jeweils Dreieckselementen 2, 3 zusammengefügt. Sofern der dabei entstehende Hohlraum 5 mit Beton ausgegossen wird, sind zuvor Armierungen 20, wie in Fig. 5 dargestellt, einzubringen und vorzugsweise am Rahmen durch Schweissen zu befestigen. Der Schachtdeckel 1 ist nun funktionsfähig und kann vor Ort in einen Schacht 15 eingebracht werden. In dem Schacht 15 ist ein Rahmen 16 zur Auflage vorgesehen. Positioniermittel oder -stege 17 tragen zur Funktion des Schachtdeckels 1 bei. Der Schachtdeckel 1 kann vor Ort vergossen werden.For the production of a manhole cover 1 according to the invention, the individual parts of the frame 4, as in FIG Figure 4 manufactured and assembled to each triangular elements 2, 3. If the resulting cavity 5 is poured with concrete, previously reinforcements 20, as in Fig. 5 shown, and preferably to attach to the frame by welding. The manhole cover 1 is now functional and can be introduced into a shaft 15 on site. In the shaft 15, a frame 16 is provided for support. Positioning means or webs 17 contribute to the function of the manhole cover 1. The manhole cover 1 can be cast on site.

Zum Öffnen des Schachtdeckels 1 sind Werkzeuge vorgesehen, die in Öffnungsbereiche 14 (Fig. 6) eingreifen. Der Schachtdeckel 1 wird angehoben, so dass die Positioniermittel oder -stege 17 ausser Eingriff mit dem Schachtdeckel gelangen. Das Anheben hat soweit zu erfolgen, bis die Rollvorrichtung 7 aktiv ist. Dann wird der Schachtdeckel 1 als Vierecksdeckel in Pfeilrichtung 10 gezogen. Der Schacht ist nun zugänglich. Zum Schliessen ist die umgekehrte Reihenfolge durchzuführen.To open the manhole cover 1 tools are provided which in opening areas 14 (FIG. Fig. 6 ) intervene. The manhole cover 1 is raised so that the positioning means or webs 17 are disengaged from the manhole cover. The lifting has to be done until the rolling device 7 is active. Then the manhole cover 1 is pulled as a square cover in the direction of arrow 10. The shaft is now accessible. To close, perform the reverse order.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Schachtdeckelmanhole cover
22
Dreieckselementtriangular element
33
Dreieckselementtriangular element
44
Rahmenframe
55
Hohlraumcavity
66
Stirnseitefront
77
Rollenvorrichtungroller device
88th
KonnektierungselementKonnektierungselement
99
---
1010
Pfeilrichtungarrow
1111
Pfeilrichtungarrow
1212
---
1313
---
1414
Öffnungsbereicheopening areas
1515
Schachtshaft
1616
Rahmenframe
1717
Positioniermittel oder -stegePositioning means or webs
1818
---
1919
Querseitetransverse side
2020
Armierungenreinforcements

Claims (6)

Schachtdeckel zum Abdecken eines Schachts, insbesondere eines Leitungs- und Versorgungsschachts, wobei der Schachtdeckel aus Dreieckselementen gebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dreieckselemente (2, 3) aus einem umlaufenden Rahmen (4) bestehen, derart, dass ein Hohlraum 5 gebildet wird, wobei die beiden Dreieckselemente (2, 3) gegeneinander verschieblich gelagert sind.Manhole cover for covering a shaft, in particular a duct and supply shaft, wherein the manhole cover is formed from triangular elements, characterized in that the triangular elements (2, 3) consist of a peripheral frame (4) such that a cavity 5 is formed, wherein the two triangular elements (2, 3) are mounted against each other displaceable. Schachtdeckel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Lagerung der beiden Dreieckselemente (2, 3) ein Konnektierungselement (8) vorgesehen ist, wobei das eine Dreieckselement (3) eine Nase aufweist, die in eine Ausnehmung des anderen Dreieckselements (2) eingreift, derart, dass eine Verschiebung in Längsrichtung (Pfeilrichtung 10) unterdrückt und quer zur Längsrichtung (Pfeilrichtung 11) möglich ist.Manhole cover according to claim 1, characterized in that a Konnektierungselement (8) is provided for supporting the two triangular elements (2, 3), wherein the one triangular element (3) has a nose which engages in a recess of the other triangular element (2), such that a displacement in the longitudinal direction (arrow 10) is suppressed and transverse to the longitudinal direction (arrow 11) is possible. Schachtdeckel nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Konnektierungselement (8) im Rahmen (4) angeordnet ist.Manhole cover according to claim 2, characterized in that the Konnektierungselement (8) in the frame (4) is arranged. Schachtdeckel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Dreieckselement (2, 3) eine Rollvorrichtung (7) aufweist, die ein Verrollen in Längsrichtung (Pfeilrichtung 10) des Schachtdeckels (1) ermöglicht.Manhole cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a triangular element (2, 3) has a rolling device (7) which permits rolling in the longitudinal direction (arrow direction 10) of the manhole cover (1). Schachtdeckel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rahmen (4) aus bearbeitbarem oder druckbarem Metall oder vergleichbarem Material besteht.Manhole cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frame (4) consists of workable or printable metal or comparable material. Schachtdeckel nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material Edelstahl ist.Manhole cover according to claim 5, characterized in that the material is stainless steel.
EP15197205.6A 2014-12-01 2015-12-01 Multi-part shaft cover Active EP3029206B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014017646 2014-12-01

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EP3029206A1 true EP3029206A1 (en) 2016-06-08
EP3029206B1 EP3029206B1 (en) 2018-03-14

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115012449A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-06 中国十九冶集团有限公司 Modular assembly well lid and modular installation lid stacking structure

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0821108A1 (en) * 1996-07-26 1998-01-28 Glynwed Foundry Products Limited Cover and frame assembly
EP1831471A1 (en) * 2004-12-29 2007-09-12 Saint-Gobain Pam A manhole assembly and related method
CH699839B1 (en) * 2003-06-24 2010-05-14 Martin Kohler Adjusting device for manhole covering, has two adjusting elements, where each adjusting element has pipe sleeve and support pins that are supported in pipe sleeve in longitudinally moving manner

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0821108A1 (en) * 1996-07-26 1998-01-28 Glynwed Foundry Products Limited Cover and frame assembly
CH699839B1 (en) * 2003-06-24 2010-05-14 Martin Kohler Adjusting device for manhole covering, has two adjusting elements, where each adjusting element has pipe sleeve and support pins that are supported in pipe sleeve in longitudinally moving manner
EP1831471A1 (en) * 2004-12-29 2007-09-12 Saint-Gobain Pam A manhole assembly and related method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115012449A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-06 中国十九冶集团有限公司 Modular assembly well lid and modular installation lid stacking structure

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