EP3020049A1 - Obturateur de faisceau, en particulier de rayons x - Google Patents

Obturateur de faisceau, en particulier de rayons x

Info

Publication number
EP3020049A1
EP3020049A1 EP14736849.2A EP14736849A EP3020049A1 EP 3020049 A1 EP3020049 A1 EP 3020049A1 EP 14736849 A EP14736849 A EP 14736849A EP 3020049 A1 EP3020049 A1 EP 3020049A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
beam path
closure body
closure
radiation
magnetic drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14736849.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3020049B1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Haunschild
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Smiths Heimann GmbH
Original Assignee
Smiths Heimann GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Smiths Heimann GmbH filed Critical Smiths Heimann GmbH
Publication of EP3020049A1 publication Critical patent/EP3020049A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3020049B1 publication Critical patent/EP3020049B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
    • G21K1/02—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators
    • G21K1/04—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators using variable diaphragms, shutters, choppers

Definitions

  • the invention relates in particular to a closure device with a rotatable
  • Closure body arranged with a substantially transverse to the beam path
  • DE 34 30 348 A shows an X-ray shutter to terminate the
  • Exposure time nor supply power or power to the X-ray tube This is one
  • Exposure control connected to a first solenoid which, prior to or upon excitation of the x-ray tube, pulls a radiopaque lead, tungsten or uranium gate against the pulling force of a spring to an open position in which the shutter is held by a retainer of a second relaxed solenoid. In the open position, a radiation window in the shutter allows X-rays to pass through.
  • a controller After a controller initiates X-ray generation, and as soon as a sensor detects a preset exposure threshold, the controller energizes the unstressed solenoid, which removes the retainer from the closure.
  • the mass of the shutter and the force of the spring are selected so that the shutter can be moved from the open position to a closed position in about 1/5000 of a second to quickly break the X-ray radiation.
  • Beam path is introduced, is that responsible for the required rapid actuation of the shutter spring can fatigue or break over time. Furthermore, the arrangement of spring, slide, retaining pawl complex and claimed due to the Linear movement of the slide relatively much installation space. To the size of the
  • Damping element will always represent a compromise solution.
  • US 5 107 530 A shows a rotary closure which is locked between a first position, in which an X-ray path is blocked, and a second position, in which
  • X-ray path is opened, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a closure position indicator with optical sensors is provided in order to detect a reliable rotation of the rotary closure by means of a magnetic drive in one of the first or second position.
  • the known rotary shutter and the control of the position of the shutter are complex.
  • the core idea of the invention is a rotatable closure body instead of a linearly to be moved in the beam path slider with a magnetic drive as a drive means for the rotation of the closure body between a closing rotational position in which the beam path is closed, and an open-rotational position, in the of the
  • a device for closing or releasing a beam path of electromagnetic and / or ionizing radiation comprises: a closure body permanently arranged in the beam path and rotatable about a longitudinal axis substantially transverse to the beam path and having a material which is impervious to the radiation closes the beam path in a closed rotational position, and transparent to the radiation in an open rotational position
  • Closure element of the invention permanently in the beam path, wherein there are two rotational positions, namely the closed rotational position in which it closes the beam path or seals against the radiation or blocks the radiation, and the open-rotational position in which the radiation or at least ' a part of it essentially unimpeded
  • Closing body can happen, has. Next, the closure device
  • Drive means which is coupled to the closure body to rotate about the longitudinal axis between the two rotational positions.
  • an electric magnetic drive is provided which is adapted to move the closure body between the two rotational positions. At least one of the two rotational positions corresponds to a stable position of the magnetic drive, which can keep the magnetic drive de-energized (beibe-).
  • a method for releasing and closing a beam path for electromagnetic and / or ionizing radiation comprises the following steps: rotating a part of a closure body which is permanently arranged in the beam path and rotatable about a longitudinal axis arranged essentially transversely to the beam path for the radiation dense material in an open-rotational position, so that a formed in the closure body for the radiation transparent passage is made to coincide with the beam path. Rotating the shutter body arranged in the beam path in a closed rotational position, so that the beam path is closed by the radiation-tight material of the closure body.
  • Rotary positions by means of an electric magnetic drive and energized holding at least one of the rotational positions of the magnetic drive by means of one of these
  • the inventive method is that when combined from mosbetätigtem
  • Closure body and electric magnetic drive particularly short switching times between the two closure conditions can be achieved.
  • Electromagnetic and / or ionizing radiation will be described below, of course, apply in connection with the above
  • the drive means may be a monostable electric magnetic drive, i.e., have a stable position.
  • the closure device may be configured such that a predetermined end rotational position of the closure body corresponds to the stable position of the magnetic drive.
  • the magnetic drive by means of a built-in for this purpose
  • Permanent magnets the predetermined end position without current, i. without supply of electric current, keep (beibe-).
  • Drive means are a bistable electric magnetic drive, that is, have two stable positions.
  • the closure device may be configured so that each of the two
  • the magnetic drive can in each case hold one of two predetermined end positions, for example in each case by means of a permanent magnet installed therefor, de-energized.
  • this embodiment of the closure device has no appreciable power requirement, since the electric magnetic drive only has to be always supplied with electrical energy for short rotation of the closure means. Due to the only short working phases for the electric magnetic drive, this can be operated in the overload area in order to achieve maximum acceleration. It has been found that the time between the phases of movement or working is sufficient for a cooling of the magnetic drive, that is, the drive is in the short-term
  • the drive means may be an electric rotary magnetic drive, but also a
  • the electric magnet drives which are preferred for the closure device can be based essentially on the following fundamental design principle.
  • a wound example of copper wire coil forms together with an open
  • Iron core an electric magnet, with the mechanical work in the form of movement or a holding force can be generated when electric current flows through the coil.
  • a linear drive of the magnetic drive is designed so that an anchor performs a rectilinear lifting movement in current flow.
  • a rotary drive of the magnetic drive is configured so that the armature when current flows through the coil generates a purely rotational movement, similar to an electric motor on the drive shaft.
  • the armature of the rotary magnet drive can not rotate continuously, but only over a predetermined angle of rotation; the rotational movement can take place in a clockwise, counterclockwise or even in both directions, then starting from a central position.
  • the closure body can, for example, in a device for forming the
  • Such a forming device may be a collimator.
  • the closure body can also be used as a closure directly on the housing of a device for
  • Such a radiation-generating device may be, for example, an X-ray tube for generating X-rays.
  • the closure body may be shaped so that in the open-rotational position to
  • Beam passage directed inner surfaces of the passage are formed so or so that they are substantially inner with the beam path bounding housing surfaces, i. Housing internal surfaces, aligned or the clear cross-section of the beam path is not limited.
  • the desired clear cross section of the beam path can be defined, i. facing the beam path
  • the closure body at least in the region or part which is permanently in the beam path, substantially or approximately have the shape of a half-cylinder or cylinder portion.
  • the closure body may have substantially or approximately the shape of a solid cylinder at least in the area or part which is located in the beam path, wherein the passage may be in the closure body as a slot or window extending transversely to the longitudinal axis.
  • the passage may, in a particularly simple case, be defined by the absence of any material in the closure body, i.e., the passage in the closure body
  • Closure body can be made free of material.
  • the passage in the closure body may be defined or formed by a correspondingly shaped material integrated into the closure body, which is transparent to the radiation.
  • the closure body can be inserted into a device defining the beam path so that the shutter additionally hermetically seals the beam path.
  • Closing body integrated filter material is defined or formed, wherein the filter material is selected so that the continuous X-rays are selectively filtered.
  • the filter material can be chosen to harden the x-ray radiation in a defined manner.
  • “Cured” means that low energy x-ray quanta are absorbed by the filter material and those with high energy are largely transmitted, in other words the softer, ie longer and less penetratable X-rays are filtered out, eg aluminum, copper or similar material can be used as filter material
  • filter material it is also possible to filter out certain hard X-rays, ie short-wave and therefore high-energy parts of the X-ray spectrum of the X-ray radiation, as filter material
  • a material with a higher atomic number such as zirconium
  • Molybdenum, rhodium or the like Molybdenum, rhodium or the like.
  • the closure body and / or the drive means may be mechanically configured so that only a movement in a predetermined range is possible.
  • the two (functional) rotational positions (open / close rotational position) associated end stops can be provided on the closure body and / or the drive means, so that the closure body and the drive means is mechanically movable only in an area defined by the end stops range.
  • the respective rotational position of the closure body can be ensured particularly precisely.
  • elastic end stops can be provided, which reduce the kinetic energy of the
  • the invention is particularly suitable as a closure device for the beam path in an X-ray inspection system.
  • the closure device may be configured as a safety device, wherein a closure position of the closure device is a monostable position into which the closure body is automatically rotated when a power supply required to hold the closure body in the unstable open position, e.g. Power supply, is interrupted.
  • a power supply required to hold the closure body in the unstable open position e.g. Power supply
  • This variant is particularly suitable, for example, if as a radiation source no electric X-ray tube but a
  • Permanent radiator with e.g. a cobalt-60 radiation source is used.
  • the monostable closure device can particularly easily ensure automatic closure of the radiation source in the event of a power failure.
  • closure device bistable wherein in each case the closing position and the open position of the closure device is a stable position, is held in the closure body automatically.
  • rotation the closure body of one of the two positions in the other a corresponding one
  • Locking device which is integrated in a fan-beam collimator
  • Figure 2a shows a sectional view 2-2 of Figure 1, in which the closure means of
  • Closing device releases the beam path
  • Figure 2b shows a sectional view 2-2 of Figure 1, wherein the closure means of
  • Closing device closes the beam path
  • FIG. 3a shows a perspective view of a detail of the closure device of FIG. 1, in which the closure body is in the open rotational position;
  • FIG. 3b shows a perspective view of a section of the closure device of FIG. 1, in which the closure body is in the closing rotational position.
  • Coupled may indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other.
  • Connected may indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other.
  • Connected may indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other.
  • Connected may indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other.
  • Connected may mean that two or more elements interact or affect each other, being in direct, but also direct Unless otherwise indicated, the use of the ordinal adjectives "first,” “second,” “third,” etc. to denote a common object merely indicates that reference is made to various examples of similar objects , and is not intended to imply that the objects so designated must occur in a certain temporal, spatial, hierarchical or other order.
  • Figure 1 shows a sectional view from above of an embodiment of a closure device 1 according to the invention, adjacent to a narrower end in a fan beam collimator 1 5 to form a fan-shaped
  • X-ray beam is integrated.
  • the fan beam collimator 1 5 of the embodiment shown here is in
  • X-ray source (not shown) generated X-rays.
  • the X-rays are irradiated on the small side 1 5a of the collimator 1 5 in the beam path 3 and leave this in an angle range defined by the collimator on the large side 1 5b.
  • the housing of the fan beam collimator 1 5 need not necessarily be constructed of two halves.
  • the housing can also be in one piece or formed integrally, ie, for example, be a one-piece casting, a correspondingly shaped and aligned recess, such as a matching hole for the
  • a part 5 of a closure body 9 Adjacent to the small side 1 5a, a part 5 of a closure body 9 is permanently arranged in the beam path 3.
  • the closure member 9 is rotatably mounted about a longitudinal axis 7 extending substantially transversely to the beam path 3 at its longitudinal ends 9a, 9b by means of known storage means 16a, 16b in the collimator 15.
  • the closure body 9 itself that is to say the part which serves to close the beam path 3, consists of a material which is dense for X-ray radiation, such as, for example, lead, tungsten, uranium or tantalum; Instead of tantalum, it is also possible to use niobium or zirconium or an alloy of 80% to 90% tantalum, niobium and zirconium. Alternatively, gold, ceramics, sintered materials of tungsten with copper, nickel and / or iron or the like, to name a few further examples are also suitable.
  • the material of the housing parts or the housing of the collimator 1 5 also consists of a dense for X-ray radiation material, this may also be the elements mentioned in connection with the closure body 9 or alternatively steel or brass.
  • the closure body 9 is shaped such that by means of the closure body 9 in an open-rotational position A ( Figure 2a, 3a) for the x-ray radiation transparent
  • FIG. 2a shows a sectional view 2-2 of FIG. 1, in which the closure means of the closure device releases the beam path.
  • FIG. 3a shows a perspective view of a detail of the closure device of FIG. 1, in which the closure body is in the open rotational position A.
  • X-ray dense material is essentially the shape of a solid cylinder.
  • the passage 1 1 extends with respect to the axis of rotation corresponding longitudinal axis 7 radially or centrally through the closure body 9.
  • the passage 1 1 in the main direction of the beam path 3 has a rectangular cross-section.
  • the closure body 9 is further shaped so that in a closed-rotational position B ( Figure 2b, 3b) of the closure body 9, the entire clear cross section of the beam path 3 is blocked by means of the dense X-ray material.
  • FIG. 2b shows a sectional view 2-2 of FIG. 1, in which the closure body 9 completely closes the beam path.
  • FIG. 3b shows a perspective view of a detail of the closure device of FIG. 1, in which the closure body is in the closed position B of rotation.
  • a drive means 1 3 is coupled to the closure body 9 to rotate about the longitudinal axis 7 between the rotational positions A, B via a shaft 1 0.
  • Drive means 1 3 is in the illustrated embodiment, an electrical bistable
  • Magnetic drive with two stable end positions the magnetic drive in each case in the de-energized state, i. without supply of electric energy in the form of electric current, stably maintained.
  • the magnetic drive in each case in the de-energized state, i. without supply of electric energy in the form of electric current, stably maintained.
  • Permanent magnets may be arranged, by means of which the magnetic drive can be kept de-energized in each case in a predetermined position, each of the two rotational positions A, B of the closure body 9 is associated with one of these two stable positions of the magnetic drive.
  • the drive means 1 3 is an electrical bistable rotary magnet. That is, the drive means 1 3 generates directly required for the actuation of the closure device 1 rotational movement. Bistable rotary magnets have fast reaction times and keep without current supply the respective predetermined stable position or end position. Since only for a short time the operation of the closure device electrical energy is needed, consuming bistable magnetic drives little energy and generate due to the short work phases only little heat loss.
  • a rotation stop member 12 is fixed in the form of a lever.
  • End stops 21 a, 21 b are provided with an elastic material, for example an elastomer, for example material such as rubber or a rubber-like material, ie a material which has elastic properties similar to rubber, which is the kinetic
  • Center position is deflected towards the other end position.
  • the electric magnetic drive can be controlled, for example, via a bipolar amplifier, such as a bipolar stepper motor amplifier module.
  • the magnetic drive is controlled in each case between the rotational positions of the closure body 9 via a current pulse, wherein the pulse length of the current corresponds to the movement time in the respective other rotational position of the closure body 9.
  • the closure device 1 has at least one permanently arranged in the beam path 3 part 5 of about a substantially transverse to the beam path 3 arranged longitudinal axis 7 rotatable closure body 9, which has a dense material for the radiation, which in the closed rotational position B of
  • Block body 9 blocks the beam path 3, and defines a transparent in the open rotational position A for the radiation passage 1 ⁇ , and a drive means 1 3, which with the closure body 9 to rotate about the longitudinal axis 7 between the rotational positions A, B is coupled, wherein the drive means 1 3 an electrical
  • Magnetic drive is and is adapted to move the closure body 9 between the rotational positions A, B, wherein at least one of the rotational positions A, B corresponds to a stable position of the magnetic drive or is assigned, which can keep the magnetic drive de-energized.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système (1), servant à obturer ou dégager le trajet d'un faisceau (3) de rayonnement électromagnétique et/ou ionisant, qui comprend au moins une partie (5), disposée de manière permanente dans le trajet du faisceau (3), d'un élément obturateur (9) monté de façon à pouvoir tourner sur un axe longitudinal (7) sensiblement perpendiculaire au trajet du faisceau (3) et constitué d'un matériau opaque au rayonnement, laquelle partie bloque le trajet du faisceau (3) dans une position de rotation fermée (B) de l'élément obturateur (9) et définit un passage (11) transparent au rayonnement dans une position de rotation ouverte (A) ; et un moyen d'entraînement (13) qui est couplé à l'élément obturateur (9) afin de l'entraîner en rotation sur l'axe longitudinal (7) entre les positions (A, B). Le moyen d'entraînement (13) est un actionneur électromagnétique et il est adapté pour déplacer l'élément obturateur (9) entre les positions de rotation (A, B). L'une au moins des positions de rotation (A, B) correspond à une position stable de l'actionneur magnétique, que ce dernier conserve en l'absence de courant.
EP14736849.2A 2013-07-10 2014-07-09 Système d'inspection à rayons x avec obturateur de faisceau Active EP3020049B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013107310.7A DE102013107310A1 (de) 2013-07-10 2013-07-10 Strahlenverschluss, insbesondere für Röntgenstrahlen
PCT/EP2014/064716 WO2015004185A1 (fr) 2013-07-10 2014-07-09 Obturateur de faisceau, en particulier de rayons x

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3020049A1 true EP3020049A1 (fr) 2016-05-18
EP3020049B1 EP3020049B1 (fr) 2019-02-13

Family

ID=51162823

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14736849.2A Active EP3020049B1 (fr) 2013-07-10 2014-07-09 Système d'inspection à rayons x avec obturateur de faisceau

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10153060B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3020049B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105378853B (fr)
DE (1) DE102013107310A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015004185A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105425826B (zh) * 2015-11-03 2018-07-03 广东恒聚医疗科技有限公司 用于束流探测器的真空传动控制装置
US10714227B2 (en) * 2016-06-06 2020-07-14 Georgetown Rail Equipment Company Rotating radiation shutter collimator
DE102016115770A1 (de) * 2016-08-25 2018-03-01 Smiths Heimann Gmbh Strahlenschutzelement mit integrierter Austauschanzeige
KR102096416B1 (ko) * 2018-02-27 2020-04-02 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 엑스레이 셔터 장치 및 이를 이용한 엑스레이 셔터 개폐 시스템
AU2020241168A1 (en) * 2019-03-15 2021-10-28 Robotic Technologies Limited X-ray imaging system, method and shutter
CN110401132B (zh) * 2019-07-18 2020-07-28 廖彦昭 一种使用旋转圆柱遮蔽的配电盘
DE102022206622B4 (de) 2022-06-29 2023-08-31 Siemens Healthcare Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme einer Strahlengangskomponente für eine Röntgenstrahlung und Verfahren zum Bereitstellen einer Positionsinformation

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US4071771A (en) * 1976-06-28 1978-01-31 Ohio-Nuclear, Inc. Shutters for X-ray scanners
US4286856A (en) 1980-02-11 1981-09-01 Mcgrath Neal Electromagnetic shutter for lens
GB2145221A (en) 1983-08-19 1985-03-20 Grady John K X-Ray apparatus
US5054041A (en) * 1990-03-19 1991-10-01 General Electric Company High precision x-ray collimator
FR2669603B2 (fr) * 1990-06-21 1994-10-28 Aerospatiale Dispositif articule pour vehicule spatial, notamment pour l'obturation temporaire de l'orifice d'entree d'un instrument optique spatial et sa calibration.
US5107530A (en) * 1991-06-06 1992-04-21 The State Of Oregon Acting By And Through The Oregon State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State University X-ray diffractometer with shutter control
DE202011102861U1 (de) * 2011-07-02 2011-11-10 Wolfgang Nestler Energiesparende Er- und Entregerschaltung für leistungslosen Dauerbetrieb von Magnetantrieben

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Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015004185A1 (fr) 2015-01-15
CN105378853A (zh) 2016-03-02
CN105378853B (zh) 2018-06-29
US20160211044A1 (en) 2016-07-21
DE102013107310A1 (de) 2015-01-15
US10153060B2 (en) 2018-12-11
EP3020049B1 (fr) 2019-02-13

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