EP3019808B1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3019808B1
EP3019808B1 EP14739724.4A EP14739724A EP3019808B1 EP 3019808 B1 EP3019808 B1 EP 3019808B1 EP 14739724 A EP14739724 A EP 14739724A EP 3019808 B1 EP3019808 B1 EP 3019808B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
fluid
heat exchanger
outlet
inlet
Prior art date
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Application number
EP14739724.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3019808A1 (en
Inventor
José Antonio DE LA FUENTE ROMERO
Yolanda Bravo
Anne-Sylvie Magnier-Cathenod
Carlos Martins
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Publication of EP3019808A1 publication Critical patent/EP3019808A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0006—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the plate-like or laminated conduits being enclosed within a pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0221—Header boxes or end plates formed by stacked elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/29—Constructional details of the coolers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation or materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, such as a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle.
  • the heat exchanger according to the present invention is particularly suitable for use in the engine exhaust pipes.
  • This type of heat exchanger is usually called Exhaust Gas Recirculation Cooler (EGR) or EGRC.
  • a heat exchanger of the type used in the automotive industry, and more specifically inside the exhaust ducts of an internal combustion engine, comprises in principle a housing or casing comprising, in its inside, heat exchange elements allowing heat exchange from a first fluid to a second fluid.
  • These elements, allowing this heat exchange can, for example, include tubes.
  • These tubes located inside a heat exchanger may be present within an exchange beam comprising a plurality of tubes arranged substantially parallel to each other.
  • the tubes may be positioned in a row or several rows parallel to each other.
  • the tubes make it possible to guide the first fluid inside said tubes, from a first end of the exchange bundle to the second end of the exchange bundle.
  • the tubes considered together define between them channels which guide the second fluid of the second end of the heat exchanger to the first end of the heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger allows in particular the circulation, against the current, of a first and a second fluid within this heat exchanger.
  • Heat exchangers comprising a casing for receiving, in its interior, exchange beams are known from the prior art.
  • the housing is in the form of a housing comprising a plurality of walls forming the outside of the housing and defining the volume in which the heat exchange takes place.
  • the housing is, in principle, provided with inlets and outlets for the first and second fluid at a first and a second end of the housing. These inputs and outputs thus allow the heat exchanger to be connected respectively to inlet ducts and outlet ducts adapted to conduct the first and second fluids in the direction of the heat exchanger and this, by means of the inlet pipes, to a final destination and this, by means of the outlet pipes, when said first and second fluids have passed through the heat exchanger.
  • Such an exchanger is known, for example, from the document DE 103 12 788 .
  • the heat exchanger comprises a plurality of tubes obtained by means of plates stacked on top of one another inside a housing in order to obtain tubes making it possible to guide a first fluid, for a first time. input for this first fluid, to an outlet for this first fluid.
  • the different tubes define between them channels for guiding a second fluid, an inlet for this second fluid, to an outlet for this second fluid.
  • the heat exchanger according to the German patent application DE 199 27 607 is adapted to guide the first fluid in the longitudinal direction of a housing, from a first end of the housing to a second end of the housing.
  • the inlet and outlet for the second fluid are positioned in the side walls of the housing to allow entry and exit of said second fluid in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the first fluid.
  • the heat exchanger according to the German patent application DE 199 27 607 has a first disadvantage that the different fluid inlet and outlet connections are located on four different walls of the housing forming the outside of the heat exchanger.
  • the inlet and the outlet intended for the first fluid are present on the ends of the casing, in the longitudinal direction of the casing.
  • the inlet and outlet for the second fluid are present on the side walls of the housing.
  • the arrangement of these fluid inlets and outlets limits the possibilities of adaptation to install the heat exchanger within an available space.
  • the manufacture of the heat exchanger according to the patent application DE 199 27 607 limits the heat exchange between the first and the second fluid, at a part of the length of said heat exchanger, that is to say between the inlet and the outlet for the second fluid. In other words, a heat exchange between the first and the second fluid is impossible on part of the path of the first fluid. For this reason, a heat exchange with the device according to the German patent application DE 199 27 607 is not optimal with respect to the external dimensions of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger according to the present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of heat exchangers known from the state of the art, by proposing a new design for the formation of an exchange beam to improve the compactness of said heat exchanger.
  • the inlets and outlets for the first and second fluid are located at opposite ends of the housing. This grouping of inputs and outputs increases the possibilities of adaptation and optimally integrates the entire heat exchanger into an available space.
  • the secondary surface makes it possible to connect the second end of the tubes to the outlet creating a space for the entry of the first fluid, has the advantage of being able to effect the heat exchange between the first and the second fluid throughout the flow of fluids, that is to say, their entry to their respective output. For this reason, the efficiency of the heat exchanger is increased with respect to its external dimensions.
  • the heat exchanger according to the present invention comprises a sealing element for wrapping the tubes at each end.
  • the heat exchanger according to the present invention comprises a connecting element for connecting at least one end of the tubes to an inlet or an outlet with the aid of said connecting element.
  • the tubes are positioned relative to one another so as to create channels between them and in which said channels comprise disrupters.
  • the exchange beam is obtained by means of a plurality of plates positioned one on the other, the ends of said plates being provided with a rim making it possible to increase the surface area between the plate and inside the housing.
  • the figure 1 represents, in an exploded perspective view, a first embodiment of a heat exchanger 10 according to the present invention.
  • the heat exchanger 10 comprises a first element 11 and a second element 12 allowing, in combination, to form the outside of the heat exchanger 10.
  • the elements 11 and 12 combined form a housing or "housing" 11, 12 may contain elements for optimizing the heat exchange between a first and a second fluid.
  • the second element 12 comprises the different inputs and outputs of the first and second fluid.
  • the inlet 21, present in the second element 12, constitutes the inlet intended for the first fluid.
  • the outlet 22 constitutes the outlet intended for the first fluid.
  • the inlet 31 is intended for the second fluid.
  • the output 32 is for the second fluid.
  • the heat exchanger 10 When using the heat exchanger 10, the first fluid enters through the inlet 21 inside said heat exchanger 10. Simultaneously, the second fluid enters the inside of the heat exchanger 10 via the inlet 31.
  • the heat exchanger 10 comprises an exchange beam 13 comprising a stack of plates 17 forming, in combination, tubes and defined channels. between said tubes.
  • the exchange beam 13 is shown in more detail in the figures 3 and 4 .
  • the exchange bundle 13 comprises a stack of plates 17 in which an assembly consisting of two plates, forms inside a tube for guiding the first fluid from its inlet 21 to its outlet 22. are defined between the different tubes and allow the second fluid to flow from its inlet 31 to its outlet 32.
  • the dimensions “L”, “l” and “h” are indicated on the figure 1 .
  • the letter “L” is used to refer to the largest dimension of the heat exchanger 10 and corresponds to the direction in which the first and the second fluid flows.
  • the letter “l” is used to indicate the width of the heat exchanger 10 and the letter “h” is used to indicate the height of the heat exchanger 10.
  • the stack of plates 17 makes it possible to obtain the exchange bundle 13 and is in the arrangement shown in FIG. figure 4 .
  • the plates 17 each have an inner face, adapted to form the inner wall of a tube and adapted to be exposed to the first fluid, and an opposite or external face. This external face is in contact with the second fluid when using the plates 17.
  • each plate 17 is provided in its longitudinal length with a curved element.
  • This curved element is adapted to increase the contact area between the end of the plates 17 (seen in a longitudinal direction) and the inside of the walls of the first element 11 shown on the figure 1 .
  • This surface increase facilitates the soldering process for assembling the different elements of the heat exchanger 10 against each other and to ensure optimal contact to prevent possible leakage of fluids during use of the heat exchanger 10.
  • the various plates 17 are positioned in such a way that the inner face of the first plate 17 is directed towards the inner face of the second plate 17, said second plate 17 being positioned with its outer face facing the inner face of the third plate 17, and so on according to the number of plates considered.
  • the various plates 17 have dimensions corresponding to the dimensions inside the housing 11, 12 of said heat exchanger 10.
  • the width "l" of the plates 17, as shown in FIG. figure 4 corresponds to the internal width of the casing 11, 12, as shown on the figure 1 .
  • the shape of the tubes of the exchange bundle is modified at the ends of the tubes and has a narrowing.
  • the exchange beam has at its ends a connection surface in which the outputs of the different tubes are assembled. As shown on the figure 3 this connecting surface is adapted to be connected by means of a connecting element 14 to the outlet 32 intended for the second fluid.
  • the figure 1 discloses a sealing member 16 adapted to wrap the ends of the plates 17 together forming the exchange beam 13. This sealing member 16 allows said plates 17 to be held together to avoid possible leakage from the inside of the tubes to the channels located outside the tubes and vice versa.
  • the connecting element 14 is adapted to connect the connection surface of the different tubes to the outlet 22.
  • a connecting element 15 is provided on the opposite side of the exchange beam in order to connect the inlet 21 intended for the first fluid. at a connecting surface at the opposite end of said exchange beam 13.
  • the operation of the heat exchanger according to the invention is based on the fact that the shapes of the plates 17 change between their first end 91 and their second end 92, as shown in FIG. figure 4 .
  • the plates At the ends 91 and 92, the plates have a shape making it possible to compose, once combined, a tube of a relatively small length "L" in order to allow the tubes to have a larger width.
  • the surface of the section at the end of the tubes is indicated by the term "secondary surface”.
  • the plates 17 are adapted to form a tube of a length "L" relatively large and a width "l" less important.
  • the cross-sectional area of the center of the tubes in a central area of the exchange bundle is indicated by the term "main surface”.
  • the plate 17 From the end 91 towards the central part, the plate 17 comprises a transformation zone. From the central portion 93 towards the end 92, each plate 17 includes a second transformation zone indicated by reference numeral 95.
  • the figure 5 shows, in section, a portion of the exchange beam 13.
  • the inside of the tubes is indicated using the reference "A”.
  • the different tubes are separated by means of channels referenced “B".
  • the inside of the tubes “A” is adapted to guide the first fluid and the channels “B” are adapted to guide the second fluid, against the current.
  • the figure 5 shows that in the center of the exchange beam 13, the different fluids are well separated and heat exchange, via the different walls, is possible.
  • the exchange beam 13 is represented on the figure 6 , front and schematic. According to figure 6 , thanks to the different transformation zones 94 and 95, the volume of the assembly formed by the tubes and the channels is distributed specifically to the ends of the plates 17. This distribution of the volume differs from the distribution of the volume of the tubes and the tubes. channels outside the ends of the exchange beam.
  • the different surfaces "A” form, at their ends, the secondary surface which, via a connecting element 14, 15, can be connected to the inlet / outlet intended for the first fluid.
  • the free space around the surface "A” allows the entry of the different channels "B” and can be connected to the inlet / outlet for the second fluid.
  • the second fluid can enter the housing within the space surrounding the connecting element 14 and the narrowing of the tubes.
  • the first fluid is then guided inside the "B" channels defined by the outside of the set of tubes "A” forming together the exchange bundle 13.
  • the second fluid is guided between the different tubes in the direction of the space surrounding the narrowing and the connecting member 15 of the tubes towards the outlet 32.
  • the figure 1 shows that the shape of the exchange bundle and the presence of a narrowing of the tubes at their ends, thanks to the transformation zones 94 and 95 of the plates 17, provide a free space inside the housing, formed in the 11 and 12, and outside this narrowing and the connecting member 14.
  • This space created inside the housing allows the connection of the inlet 31 for the second fluid.
  • the second fluid, directed via the inlet 31 in the direction of the exchange beam 13, can therefore flow outside the connecting element 14 and outside the narrowing of the tubes.
  • a heat exchange can occur between the first and the second fluid, through the walls of the connecting element 14 and directly after the introduction of the second fluid to the first fluid.
  • Inside the heat exchanger 10. The same arrangement of the elements present at the opposite end of the exchange beam 13 allows an optimal heat exchange between the two fluids and this to the outlet 32 for the second fluid.
  • the different elements as shown on the figure 1 are assembled by a brazing process as known in the prior art.
  • said elements are preassembled in a position identical to their position in the housing 11, 12 and introduced into a furnace.
  • Aluminum and stainless steel are particularly suitable materials for forming the heat exchanger 10 according to the invention by the soldering method.
  • the figure 2 represents a perspective view of the heat exchanger 10 according to the figure 1 in an assembled position.
  • the figure 2 shows that the heat exchanger 10 according to the invention is relatively compact.
  • the various inputs and outputs 21 (not visible), 22, 31 and 32 are grouped to optimize the final installation of the heat exchanger 10 within a motor vehicle for example.
  • the figure 3 shows in detail the exchange beam 13.
  • the plates 17 are stacked together to form, inside, tubes for guiding the first fluid, a first end 131 to a second end 132 of the tubes and to define, between the different tubes, channels for guiding the second fluid.
  • Disruptors 18 may be present between the different plates 17. Said disrupters 18 are intended to improve the heat exchange between the first and the second fluid during the use of the heat exchanger 10.
  • the figure 7 shows a second embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • the figure 7 shows a heat exchanger 40 whose structure is similar to that of the heat exchanger 10 according to the figure 1 Only the plates forming the exchange beam 43 are positioned differently from those of the heat exchanger 10. In fact, the plates are positioned vertically with respect to the length "L" of the heat exchanger. heat 40.
  • the heat exchanger 40 comprises a first element 41 and a second element 42 constituting in combination a housing or housing 41, 42 to form the outside of said heat exchanger 40.
  • the housing 41, 42 is adapted to contain a beam of exchange 43.
  • This exchange beam 43 comprises a stack of plates 27 shown on the figures 8 and 9 .
  • the various plates 27, combined together, form tubes for guiding, in their interior, a first fluid from a first end to a second end of the exchange beam 43.
  • the different tubes together define channels for guiding the second fluid outside the tubes, from the second end to the first end of the exchange beam 43.
  • the ends of the various tubes have a narrowing in which said ends are grouped to form a connection surface, said connecting surface being adapted to be connected, by means of a connection, to a respective input / output for the first fluid.
  • the narrowed ends are clearly visible on the figures 8 and 9 .
  • an inlet 51 (partially visible) and an outlet 52, intended for the first fluid, are present in the second element 42.
  • the inlet 51 is adapted to be connected to the connecting element 45 and to guide the first fluid, from its inlet 51 towards the inside of the tubes of the exchange bundle 43, with the aid of this element 45.
  • the outlet 52 is adapted to be connected to the connection element 44 and to guide, from the outputs of the different tubes and the connecting element 44, the first fluid towards its outlet 52.
  • the second element 42 comprises an inlet 61 and an outlet 62 (visible in part) for allowing a second fluid to enter the interior of the housing. Thanks to the narrowing present at the second end of the exchange beam 43, the second fluid can be guided outside the connecting element 44 and outside the ends of the tubes to continue its journey inside. channels defined by the different tubes. The second fluid can be guided towards the open space around the second end of the tubes and the outside of the connecting element 45 to exit the heat exchanger 40 by means of the outlet 62.
  • the heat exchanger 40 comprises sealing elements 46 making it possible to hold the ends of the different tubes together and to improve the sealing of said tubes, thus avoiding possible leakage of fluids.
  • the figure 8 shows the connection of the ends of the tubes 66 to a first connecting element 44 and to a second connecting element 45.
  • the figure 8 is a detailed view of the exchange beam 43.
  • the exchange beam comprises tubes 66, each formed by the stack of two plates comparable to the plates shown in FIG. figure 4 .
  • Disturbants 68 are visible between the different tubes 66, which disruptors facilitate the exchange between the first fluid inside the tubes 66 and the second fluid outside the tubes 66.
  • the end of the different tubes 66 is shown more in detail on the figure 7 .
  • the figure 7 shows that the different ends of the tubes together form a secondary surface. This secondary surface is adapted for connection to the connecting element 44 as shown in FIG. figure 7 .
  • the different ends of the tubes 66 are wrapped with a sealing element 46.
  • the figure 9 shows the secondary surface obtained by the connection of the different ends of the tubes.
  • the different elements of the heat exchanger 40 as represented on the figures 7 , 8 and 9 can be assembled by a brazing process. In order to carry out this brazing process, different elements are assembled in their respective respective positions and introduced into an oven.
  • the figure 10 shows a heat exchanger according to a third embodiment 70 of the invention, shown in an exploded perspective view.
  • the heat exchanger 70 includes a first member 71 and a second member 72 together forming a housing.
  • An exchange beam 73 is present inside said housing.
  • the use of the heat exchanger heat 70 according to the figures 10 and 11 is similar to the use of heat exchangers 10 and 40 as described above.
  • a difference between the heat exchanger 70 and the heat exchangers 10 and 40 lies in the fact that the various tubes are, after their shrinkage and with their assembled surface, directly connected to an inlet / outlet present outside the housing. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention

La présente invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur, tel qu'un échangeur de chaleur destiné à un véhicule automobile. L'échangeur de chaleur selon la présente invention est particulièrement adapté pour être utilisé dans les conduits des gaz d'échappement de moteur. Ce type d'échangeur de chaleur est généralement nommé échangeur EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation Cooler) ou EGRC.The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, such as a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle. The heat exchanger according to the present invention is particularly suitable for use in the engine exhaust pipes. This type of heat exchanger is usually called Exhaust Gas Recirculation Cooler (EGR) or EGRC.

Un échangeur de chaleur, du type de ceux utilisés dans l'industrie automobile, et plus précisément à l'intérieur des conduits des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur thermique à combustion interne, comprend en principe un boîtier ou carter comportant, en son intérieur, des éléments d'échange de chaleur permettant l'échange de chaleur d'un premier fluide vers un deuxième fluide. Ces éléments, permettant cet échange de chaleur peuvent, par exemple, comprendre des tubes.A heat exchanger, of the type used in the automotive industry, and more specifically inside the exhaust ducts of an internal combustion engine, comprises in principle a housing or casing comprising, in its inside, heat exchange elements allowing heat exchange from a first fluid to a second fluid. These elements, allowing this heat exchange can, for example, include tubes.

Ces tubes situés à l'intérieur d'un échangeur de chaleur peuvent être présents au sein d'un faisceau d'échange comprenant une pluralité de tubes disposés de façon essentiellement parallèle les uns par rapport aux autres. Les tubes peuvent être positionnés sur une rangée ou plusieurs rangées parallèles entre elles. Les tubes permettent de guider le premier fluide à l'intérieur desdits tubes, d'une première extrémité du faisceau d'échange vers la seconde extrémité du faisceau d'échange.These tubes located inside a heat exchanger may be present within an exchange beam comprising a plurality of tubes arranged substantially parallel to each other. The tubes may be positioned in a row or several rows parallel to each other. The tubes make it possible to guide the first fluid inside said tubes, from a first end of the exchange bundle to the second end of the exchange bundle.

Les tubes considérés ensemble définissent entre eux des canaux qui guident le deuxième fluide de la seconde extrémité de l'échangeur de chaleur vers la première extrémité de l'échangeur de chaleur. Ainsi, un échangeur de chaleur permet notamment la circulation, à contre-courant, d'un premier et d'un deuxième fluide au sein de cet échangeur de chaleur.The tubes considered together define between them channels which guide the second fluid of the second end of the heat exchanger to the first end of the heat exchanger. Thus, a heat exchanger allows in particular the circulation, against the current, of a first and a second fluid within this heat exchanger.

D'autres éléments tels que des plaques, des ailettes et des perturbateurs d'écoulement peuvent être prévus en complément de ces tubes formant le faisceau d'échange afin d'améliorer l'échange de chaleur entre le premier et le deuxième fluide.Other elements such as plates, vanes and flow interferers may be provided in addition to these tubes forming the exchange bundle in order to improve the heat exchange between the first and the second fluid.

Des échangeurs de chaleur comportant un carter permettant de recevoir, en son intérieur, des faisceaux d'échange sont connus de l'art antérieur. Le carter se présente sous la forme d'un boîtier comprenant une pluralité de parois formant l'extérieur du carter et définissant le volume dans lequel s'effectue l'échange de chaleur. Le carter est, en principe, pourvu d'entrées et de sorties destinées au premier et au deuxième fluide en une première et une deuxième extrémité du carter. Ces entrées et sorties permettent ainsi à l'échangeur de chaleur d'être relié respectivement à des canalisations d'entrée et des canalisations de sortie adaptées pour conduire les premier et deuxième fluides en direction de l'échangeur de chaleur et ce, au moyen des canalisations d'entrées, vers une destination finale et ce, au moyen des canalisations de sorties, lorsque lesdits premier et deuxième fluides ont traversé l'échangeur de chaleur. Un tel échnageur est connu, par example, du document DE 103 12 788 .Heat exchangers comprising a casing for receiving, in its interior, exchange beams are known from the prior art. The housing is in the form of a housing comprising a plurality of walls forming the outside of the housing and defining the volume in which the heat exchange takes place. The housing is, in principle, provided with inlets and outlets for the first and second fluid at a first and a second end of the housing. These inputs and outputs thus allow the heat exchanger to be connected respectively to inlet ducts and outlet ducts adapted to conduct the first and second fluids in the direction of the heat exchanger and this, by means of the inlet pipes, to a final destination and this, by means of the outlet pipes, when said first and second fluids have passed through the heat exchanger. Such an exchanger is known, for example, from the document DE 103 12 788 .

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Un échangeur de chaleur, tel que décrit ci-dessus, est divulgué au sein de la demande de brevet allemand DE 199 27 607 . Selon ce document, l'échangeur de chaleur comprend une pluralité de tubes obtenue à l'aide de plaques empilées les unes sur les autres à l'intérieur d'un carter afin d'obtenir des tubes permettant de guider un premier fluide, depuis une entrée destinée à ce premier fluide, vers une sortie destinée à ce premier fluide.A heat exchanger, as described above, is disclosed in the German patent application DE 199 27 607 . According to this document, the heat exchanger comprises a plurality of tubes obtained by means of plates stacked on top of one another inside a housing in order to obtain tubes making it possible to guide a first fluid, for a first time. input for this first fluid, to an outlet for this first fluid.

Les différents tubes définissent entre eux des canaux permettant de guider un deuxième fluide, d'une entrée destinée à ce deuxième fluide, vers une sortie destinée à ce deuxième fluide. L'échangeur de chaleur selon la demande de brevet allemand DE 199 27 607 est adapté pour guider le premier fluide selon la direction longitudinale d'un carter, depuis une première extrémité du carter vers une deuxième extrémité du carter. Les entrée et sortie destinées au deuxième fluide sont positionnées dans les parois latérales du carter afin de permettre une entrée et une sortie dudit deuxième fluide selon une direction perpendiculaire à la direction d'écoulement du premier fluide.The different tubes define between them channels for guiding a second fluid, an inlet for this second fluid, to an outlet for this second fluid. The heat exchanger according to the German patent application DE 199 27 607 is adapted to guide the first fluid in the longitudinal direction of a housing, from a first end of the housing to a second end of the housing. The inlet and outlet for the second fluid are positioned in the side walls of the housing to allow entry and exit of said second fluid in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the first fluid.

L'échangeur de chaleur selon la demande de brevet allemand DE 199 27 607 présente un premier inconvénient selon lequel les différentes connexions d'entrée et de sortie de fluides sont situées sur quatre parois différentes du carter formant l'extérieur de l'échangeur de chaleur. L'entrée et la sortie destinées au premier fluide sont présentes sur les extrémités du carter, dans le sens longitudinal du carter. L'entrée et la sortie destinées au deuxième fluide sont présentes sur les parois latérales du carter. La disposition de ces entrées et sorties de fluides limite les possibilités d'adaptation pour installer l'échangeur de chaleur au sein d'un espace disponible.The heat exchanger according to the German patent application DE 199 27 607 has a first disadvantage that the different fluid inlet and outlet connections are located on four different walls of the housing forming the outside of the heat exchanger. The inlet and the outlet intended for the first fluid are present on the ends of the casing, in the longitudinal direction of the casing. The inlet and outlet for the second fluid are present on the side walls of the housing. The arrangement of these fluid inlets and outlets limits the possibilities of adaptation to install the heat exchanger within an available space.

De plus, la fabrication de l'échangeur de chaleur selon la demande de brevet DE 199 27 607 limite l'échange de chaleur entre le premier et le deuxième fluide, à une partie de la longueur dudit échangeur de chaleur, c'est-à-dire entre l'entrée et la sortie destinées au deuxième fluide. En d'autres termes, un échange de chaleur entre le premier et le deuxième fluide, est impossible sur une partie du cheminement du premier fluide. Pour cette raison, un échange de chaleur avec le dispositif selon la demande de brevet allemand DE 199 27 607 n'est pas optimal par rapport aux dimensions extérieures de l'échangeur de chaleur.In addition, the manufacture of the heat exchanger according to the patent application DE 199 27 607 limits the heat exchange between the first and the second fluid, at a part of the length of said heat exchanger, that is to say between the inlet and the outlet for the second fluid. In other words, a heat exchange between the first and the second fluid is impossible on part of the path of the first fluid. For this reason, a heat exchange with the device according to the German patent application DE 199 27 607 is not optimal with respect to the external dimensions of the heat exchanger.

De nos jours, l'espace destiné aux échangeurs de chaleur et à leurs composants au sein des véhicules automobiles a tendance à être réduit afin d'intégrer d'autres dispositifs nécessaires au fonctionnement du véhicule automobile. Cela signifie que l'intégration d'un échangeur de chaleur est de plus en plus complexe. Pour cette raison, il est important de mettre au point des échangeurs de chaleur compacts permettant une relative liberté d'adaptation, notamment dans le positionnement des canalisations d'entrée et de sortie du premier et du deuxième fluide, afin de pouvoir intégrer, le plus efficacement possible, l'ensemble de l'échangeur de chaleur dans l'espace disponible.Nowadays, space for heat exchangers and their components within motor vehicles tends to be reduced in order to integrate other devices necessary for the operation of the motor vehicle. This means that the integration of a heat exchanger is more and more complex. For this reason, it is important to develop compact heat exchangers allowing a relative freedom of adaptation, in particular in the positioning of the inlet and outlet pipes of the first and second fluid, in order to to integrate, as efficiently as possible, the entire heat exchanger in the available space.

Objet de l'inventionObject of the invention

L'échangeur de chaleur selon la présente invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients des échangeurs de chaleur connus de l'état de la technique, en proposant une nouvelle conception quant à la formation d'un faisceau d'échange permettant d'améliorer la compacité dudit échangeur de chaleur.The heat exchanger according to the present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of heat exchangers known from the state of the art, by proposing a new design for the formation of an exchange beam to improve the compactness of said heat exchanger.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur permettant d'échanger de la chaleur entre un premier et un deuxième fluide, ledit échangeur comprenant :

  • un carter et
  • un faisceau d'échange positionné à l'intérieur dudit carter,
  • dans lequel le faisceau d'échange comprend :
    • une surface principale comprenant une largeur principale et formée par une pluralité de tubes adaptés pour guider le premier fluide à l'intérieur de ces tubes,
    • une entrée du premier fluide vers une sortie du premier fluide et permettant de guider, à l'extérieur de ces tubes, le deuxième fluide,
    • une entrée du deuxième fluide vers une sortie du deuxième fluide,
  • dans lequel les tubes sont, à au moins une première extrémité, assemblés pour former une surface secondaire comprenant une largeur secondaire inférieure à la largeur principale pour raccordement à l'entrée et/ou la sortie du premier fluide,
  • dans lequel la surface secondaire à la première extrémité des tubes est formée pour créer un espace entre le carter et la face extérieure de la surface secondaire, lequel espace est raccordé à l'entrée et/ou la sortie du deuxième fluide.
For this purpose, the invention relates to a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a first and a second fluid, said exchanger comprising:
  • a crankcase and
  • an exchange beam positioned inside said housing,
  • wherein the exchange beam comprises:
    • a main surface comprising a main width and formed by a plurality of tubes adapted to guide the first fluid inside these tubes,
    • an inlet of the first fluid to an outlet of the first fluid and for guiding, outside these tubes, the second fluid,
    • an inlet of the second fluid to an outlet of the second fluid,
  • wherein the tubes are, at at least a first end, assembled to form a secondary surface having a secondary width smaller than the main width for connection to the inlet and / or outlet of the first fluid,
  • wherein the secondary surface at the first end of the tubes is formed to create a gap between the housing and the outer face of the secondary surface, which gap is connected to the inlet and / or outlet of the second fluid.

Selon l'invention, il est possible que les tubes soient, à une première extrémité, assemblés pour former la surface secondaire pour raccordement à l'entrée du premier fluide,

  • dans lequel la surface secondaire à la première extrémité des tubes est formée pour créer un espace entre le carter et la face extérieure de la surface secondaire, lequel espace est raccordé à la sortie du deuxième fluide.
  • et dans lequel les tubes sont, à la deuxième extrémité, assemblés pour former une surface secondaire comprenant une largeur secondaire inférieure à la largeur pour raccordement à la sortie du premier fluide, ladite surface secondaire à la deuxième extrémité des tubes créant un espace entre le carter et la face extérieure de la surface secondaire, lequel espace est raccordé à l'entrée du deuxième fluide.
According to the invention, it is possible for the tubes to be, at a first end, assembled to form the secondary surface for connection to the inlet of the first fluid,
  • wherein the secondary surface at the first end of the tubes is formed to create a gap between the housing and the outer face of the secondary surface, which gap is connected to the outlet of the second fluid.
  • and wherein the tubes are, at the second end, assembled to form a secondary surface having a secondary width less than the width for connection to the outlet of the first fluid, said secondary surface at the second end of the tubes creating a space between the housing and the outer face of the secondary surface, which space is connected to the inlet of the second fluid.

Ainsi, dans un premier temps, grâce à la formation et à l'assemblage du faisceau d'échange selon la présente invention, les entrées et sorties destinées aux premier et deuxième fluide sont situées aux extrémités opposées du carter. Ce regroupement des entrées et sorties augmente les possibilités d'adaptation et permet d'intégrer, de façon optimale, l'ensemble de l'échangeur de chaleur dans un espace disponible.Thus, initially, by forming and assembling the exchange beam according to the present invention, the inlets and outlets for the first and second fluid are located at opposite ends of the housing. This grouping of inputs and outputs increases the possibilities of adaptation and optimally integrates the entire heat exchanger into an available space.

Par ailleurs, dans un deuxième temps, la surface secondaire permet de connecter la deuxième extrémité des tubes à la sortie créant un espace pour l'entrée du premier fluide, présente l'avantage de pouvoir effectuer l'échange de chaleur entre le premier et le deuxième fluide tout au long du cheminement des fluides, c'est-à-dire de leur entrée vers leur sortie respective. Pour cette raison, l'efficacité de l'échangeur de chaleur est augmentée par rapport à ses dimensions extérieures.Moreover, in a second step, the secondary surface makes it possible to connect the second end of the tubes to the outlet creating a space for the entry of the first fluid, has the advantage of being able to effect the heat exchange between the first and the second fluid throughout the flow of fluids, that is to say, their entry to their respective output. For this reason, the efficiency of the heat exchanger is increased with respect to its external dimensions.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'échangeur de chaleur selon la présente invention comprend un élément d'étanchéité permettant d'envelopper les tubes à chacune de leur extrémité.According to one embodiment, the heat exchanger according to the present invention comprises a sealing element for wrapping the tubes at each end.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'échangeur de chaleur selon la présente invention comprend un élément de raccordement permettant de raccorder au moins une extrémité des tubes à une entrée ou à une sortie à l'aide dudit élément de raccordement.According to one embodiment, the heat exchanger according to the present invention comprises a connecting element for connecting at least one end of the tubes to an inlet or an outlet with the aid of said connecting element.

Selon un mode de réalisation, les tubes sont positionnés les uns par rapport aux autres de manière à créer entre eux des canaux et dans lequel lesdits canaux comportent des perturbateurs.According to one embodiment, the tubes are positioned relative to one another so as to create channels between them and in which said channels comprise disrupters.

Selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, le faisceau d'échange est obtenu grâce à une pluralité de plaques positionnées les unes sur les autres, les extrémités desdites plaques étant pourvues d'un rebord permettant d'augmenter la surface entre la plaque et l'intérieur du carter.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the exchange beam is obtained by means of a plurality of plates positioned one on the other, the ends of said plates being provided with a rim making it possible to increase the surface area between the plate and inside the housing.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

Les but, objets et caractéristiques de la présente invention ainsi que ses avantages apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit, d'un mode de réalisation préféré d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention, faite en référence aux dessins dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 montre une vue en perspective éclatée, un échangeur de chaleur selon un premier mode de réalisation de la présente invention,
  • la figure 2 montre l'échangeur de chaleur selon la figure 1, dans une forme assemblée,
  • la figure 3 représente le faisceau d'échange de l'échangeur de chaleur selon les figures 1 et 2,
  • la figure 4 montre en détail deux plaques formant ensemble une partie du faisceau d'échange selon la figure 3,
  • la figure 5 montre, de façon schématique, une vue de la surface principale du faisceau d'échange,
  • la figure 6 montre, de façon schématique, une vue de la surface secondaire du faisceau d'échange,
  • la figure 7 représente une vue, en perspective éclatée, d'un échangeur de chaleur selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de la présente invention,
  • la figure 8 montre le faisceau d'échange de l'échangeur de chaleur selon la figure 7,
  • la figure 9 représente en détail l'extrémité du faisceau d'échange selon la figure 8,
  • la figure 10 montre une vue en perspective éclatée d'un troisième mode de réalisation de l'échangeur de chaleur selon la présente invention.
The objects, objects and features of the present invention as well as its advantages will appear more clearly on reading the description which follows, of a preferred embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention, with reference to the drawings in FIG. which :
  • the figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view, a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the present invention,
  • the figure 2 shows the heat exchanger according to the figure 1 , in an assembled form,
  • the figure 3 represents the exchange heat exchanger beam according to the figures 1 and 2 ,
  • the figure 4 shows in detail two plates forming together a part of the exchange beam according to the figure 3 ,
  • the figure 5 shows, schematically, a view of the main surface of the exchange beam,
  • the figure 6 shows, schematically, a view of the secondary surface of the exchange beam,
  • the figure 7 represents an exploded perspective view of a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment of the present invention,
  • the figure 8 shows the exchange beam of the heat exchanger according to the figure 7 ,
  • the figure 9 represents in detail the end of the exchange beam according to the figure 8 ,
  • the figure 10 shows an exploded perspective view of a third embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the present invention.

Description détaillée d'un mode de réalisationDetailed description of an embodiment

La figure 1 représente, selon une vue perspective en éclatée, un premier mode de réalisation d'un échangeur de chaleur 10 selon la présente invention. L'échangeur de chaleur 10 comprend un premier élément 11 et un deuxième élément 12 permettant, en combinaison, de former l'extérieur de l'échangeur de chaleur 10. Les éléments 11 et 12 combinés forment un boîtier ou « carter » 11, 12 pouvant contenir des éléments permettant d'optimiser l'échange de chaleur entre un premier et un deuxième fluide. Le deuxième élément 12 comprend les différentes entrées et sorties du premier et du deuxième fluide.The figure 1 represents, in an exploded perspective view, a first embodiment of a heat exchanger 10 according to the present invention. The heat exchanger 10 comprises a first element 11 and a second element 12 allowing, in combination, to form the outside of the heat exchanger 10. The elements 11 and 12 combined form a housing or "housing" 11, 12 may contain elements for optimizing the heat exchange between a first and a second fluid. The second element 12 comprises the different inputs and outputs of the first and second fluid.

L'entrée 21, présente dans le deuxième élément 12, constitue l'entrée destinée au premier fluide. Sur la face opposée, la sortie 22 constitue la sortie destinée au premier fluide. L'entrée 31 est destinée au deuxième fluide. La sortie 32 est destinée au deuxième fluide.The inlet 21, present in the second element 12, constitutes the inlet intended for the first fluid. On the opposite face, the outlet 22 constitutes the outlet intended for the first fluid. The inlet 31 is intended for the second fluid. The output 32 is for the second fluid.

Lors de l'utilisation de l'échangeur de chaleur 10, le premier fluide pénètre par l'entrée 21 à l'intérieur dudit échangeur de chaleur 10. De façon simultanée, le deuxième fluide pénètre à l'intérieur de l'échangeur de chaleur 10 via l'entrée 31. Ainsi, l'échangeur de chaleur 10 comprend un faisceau d'échange 13 comportant un empilement de plaques 17 formant, en combinaison, des tubes et des canaux définis entre lesdits tubes. Le faisceau d'échange 13 est représenté plus en détail au sein des figures 3 et 4. Comme indiqué ci-dessus, le faisceau d'échange 13 comporte un empilement de plaques 17 dans lequel un ensemble composé de deux plaques, forme en son intérieur un tube permettant de guider le premier fluide de son entrée 21 vers sa sortie 22. Des canaux sont définis entre les différents tubes et permettent au deuxième fluide de circuler de son entrée 31 vers sa sortie 32.When using the heat exchanger 10, the first fluid enters through the inlet 21 inside said heat exchanger 10. Simultaneously, the second fluid enters the inside of the heat exchanger 10 via the inlet 31. Thus, the heat exchanger 10 comprises an exchange beam 13 comprising a stack of plates 17 forming, in combination, tubes and defined channels. between said tubes. The exchange beam 13 is shown in more detail in the figures 3 and 4 . As indicated above, the exchange bundle 13 comprises a stack of plates 17 in which an assembly consisting of two plates, forms inside a tube for guiding the first fluid from its inlet 21 to its outlet 22. are defined between the different tubes and allow the second fluid to flow from its inlet 31 to its outlet 32.

Pour des raisons pratiques et en vue de faciliter les références à l'échangeur de chaleur 10 tel que montré sur la figure 1, les dimensions « L », « l » et « h » sont indiquées sur la figure 1. La lettre « L » est utilisée pour faire référence à la dimension la plus importante de l'échangeur de chaleur 10 et correspond à la direction dans laquelle circulent le premier et le deuxième fluide. La lettre « l » est utilisée pour indiquer la largeur de l'échangeur de chaleur 10 et la lettre « h » est utilisée pour indiquer la hauteur de l'échangeur de chaleur 10.For practical reasons and in order to facilitate the references to the heat exchanger 10 as shown in FIG. figure 1 , the dimensions "L", "l" and "h" are indicated on the figure 1 . The letter "L" is used to refer to the largest dimension of the heat exchanger 10 and corresponds to the direction in which the first and the second fluid flows. The letter "l" is used to indicate the width of the heat exchanger 10 and the letter "h" is used to indicate the height of the heat exchanger 10.

L'empilement des plaques 17 permet d'obtenir le faisceau d'échange 13 et se présente selon la disposition montrée sur la figure 4. Les plaques 17 présentent chacune une face interne, adaptée pour former la paroi intérieure d'un tube et adaptée pour être exposée au premier fluide, et une face opposée ou externe. Cette face externe est en contact avec le deuxième fluide lors de l'utilisation des plaques 17.The stack of plates 17 makes it possible to obtain the exchange bundle 13 and is in the arrangement shown in FIG. figure 4 . The plates 17 each have an inner face, adapted to form the inner wall of a tube and adapted to be exposed to the first fluid, and an opposite or external face. This external face is in contact with the second fluid when using the plates 17.

La figure 4 montre que chaque plaque 17 est pourvue dans sa longueur longitudinale d'un élément recourbé. Cet élément recourbé est adapté pour augmenter la surface de contact entre l'extrémité des plaques 17 (vue dans un sens longitudinal) et l'intérieur des parois du premier élément 11 montré sur la figure 1. Cette augmentation de surface facilite le procédé de brasage permettant d'assembler les différents éléments de l'échangeur de chaleur 10 les uns contre les autres et d'assurer un contact optimal afin d'éviter d'éventuelles fuites de fluides lors de l'utilisation de l'échangeur de chaleur 10.The figure 4 shows that each plate 17 is provided in its longitudinal length with a curved element. This curved element is adapted to increase the contact area between the end of the plates 17 (seen in a longitudinal direction) and the inside of the walls of the first element 11 shown on the figure 1 . This surface increase facilitates the soldering process for assembling the different elements of the heat exchanger 10 against each other and to ensure optimal contact to prevent possible leakage of fluids during use of the heat exchanger 10.

En vue d'obtenir le faisceau d'échange 13, les différentes plaques 17 sont positionnées de telle sorte que la face intérieure de la première plaque 17 est dirigée vers la face intérieure de la deuxième plaque 17, ladite deuxième plaque 17 étant positionnée avec sa face extérieure dirigée vers la face intérieure de la troisième plaque 17, et ainsi de suite selon le nombre de plaques considéré.In order to obtain the exchange bundle 13, the various plates 17 are positioned in such a way that the inner face of the first plate 17 is directed towards the inner face of the second plate 17, said second plate 17 being positioned with its outer face facing the inner face of the third plate 17, and so on according to the number of plates considered.

Dans l'échangeur de chaleur 10 selon la figure 1, les différentes plaques 17 présentent des dimensions correspondant aux dimensions à l'intérieur du carter 11, 12 dudit échangeur de chaleur 10. La largeur « l » des plaques 17, comme montré sur la figure 4, correspond à la largeur interne du carter 11, 12, comme montré sur la figure 1.In the heat exchanger 10 according to the figure 1 , the various plates 17 have dimensions corresponding to the dimensions inside the housing 11, 12 of said heat exchanger 10. The width "l" of the plates 17, as shown in FIG. figure 4 , corresponds to the internal width of the casing 11, 12, as shown on the figure 1 .

La forme des tubes du faisceau d'échange est modifiée aux extrémités des tubes et présente un rétrécissement. Le faisceau d'échange comporte en ses extrémités une surface de connexion dans laquelle les sorties des différents tubes sont assemblées. Comme montré sur la figure 3, cette surface de connexion est adaptée pour être connectée à l'aide d'un élément de raccordement 14 à la sortie 32 destinée au deuxième fluide.The shape of the tubes of the exchange bundle is modified at the ends of the tubes and has a narrowing. The exchange beam has at its ends a connection surface in which the outputs of the different tubes are assembled. As shown on the figure 3 this connecting surface is adapted to be connected by means of a connecting element 14 to the outlet 32 intended for the second fluid.

La figure 1 décrit un élément d'étanchéité 16 adapté permettant d'envelopper les extrémités des plaques 17 formant ensemble le faisceau d'échange 13. Cet élément d'étanchéité 16 permet auxdites plaques 17 d'être maintenues les unes aux autres afin d'éviter d'éventuelles fuites de l'intérieur des tubes vers les canaux situés à l'extérieur des tubes et vice versa.The figure 1 discloses a sealing member 16 adapted to wrap the ends of the plates 17 together forming the exchange beam 13. This sealing member 16 allows said plates 17 to be held together to avoid possible leakage from the inside of the tubes to the channels located outside the tubes and vice versa.

L'élément de raccordement 14 est adapté pour connecter la surface de connexion des différents tubes à la sortie 22. Un élément de raccordement 15 est prévu sur le côté opposé du faisceau d'échange afin de connecter l'entrée 21, destinée au premier fluide, à une surface de connexion, à l'extrémité opposée dudit faisceau d'échange 13.The connecting element 14 is adapted to connect the connection surface of the different tubes to the outlet 22. A connecting element 15 is provided on the opposite side of the exchange beam in order to connect the inlet 21 intended for the first fluid. at a connecting surface at the opposite end of said exchange beam 13.

Le fonctionnement de l'échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention est basé sur le fait que les formes des plaques 17 changent entre leur première extrémité 91 et leur deuxième extrémité 92, comme montré sur la figure 4. Aux extrémités 91 et 92, les plaques présentent une forme permettant de composer, une fois combinées, un tube d'une longueur « L » relativement restreinte afin de permettre aux tubes d'avoir une largeur plus importante. La surface de la section à l'extrémité des tubes est indiquée par le terme « surface secondaire ». Au centre 93 des plaques 17, les plaques 17 sont adaptées pour former un tube d'une longueur « L » relativement importante et d'une largeur « l » moins importante. Au sein de la présente invention, la surface de la section du centre des tubes dans une zone centrale du faisceau d'échange est indiquée par le terme « surface principale ». De l'extrémité 91 vers la partie centrale, la plaque 17 comprend une zone de transformation. De la partie centrale 93 en direction de l'extrémité 92, chaque plaque 17 comprend une deuxième zone de transformation indiquée à l'aide du numéro de référence 95.The operation of the heat exchanger according to the invention is based on the fact that the shapes of the plates 17 change between their first end 91 and their second end 92, as shown in FIG. figure 4 . At the ends 91 and 92, the plates have a shape making it possible to compose, once combined, a tube of a relatively small length "L" in order to allow the tubes to have a larger width. The surface of the section at the end of the tubes is indicated by the term "secondary surface". In the center 93 of the plates 17, the plates 17 are adapted to form a tube of a length "L" relatively large and a width "l" less important. Within the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the center of the tubes in a central area of the exchange bundle is indicated by the term "main surface". From the end 91 towards the central part, the plate 17 comprises a transformation zone. From the central portion 93 towards the end 92, each plate 17 includes a second transformation zone indicated by reference numeral 95.

L'effet technique des formes spécifiques des plaques 17 est montré, dans une version schématique, sur les figures 5 et 6.The technical effect of the specific shapes of the plates 17 is shown, in a schematic version, on the figures 5 and 6 .

La figure 5 montre, en coupe, une partie du faisceau d'échange 13. L'intérieur des tubes est indiqué à l'aide de la référence « A ». Les différents tubes sont séparés grâce à des canaux référencés « B ». L'intérieur des tubes « A » est adapté pour guider le premier fluide et les canaux « B » sont adaptés pour guider le deuxième fluide, à contre-courant. La figure 5 montre qu'au centre du faisceau d'échange 13, les différents fluides sont bien séparés et qu'un échange de chaleur, via les différentes parois, est possible.The figure 5 shows, in section, a portion of the exchange beam 13. The inside of the tubes is indicated using the reference "A". The different tubes are separated by means of channels referenced "B". The inside of the tubes "A" is adapted to guide the first fluid and the channels "B" are adapted to guide the second fluid, against the current. The figure 5 shows that in the center of the exchange beam 13, the different fluids are well separated and heat exchange, via the different walls, is possible.

Le faisceau d'échange 13 est représenté sur la figure 6, de face et de façon schématique. Selon la figure 6, grâce aux différentes zones de transformation 94 et 95, le volume de l'ensemble formé par les tubes et les canaux est réparti de manière spécifique auprès des extrémités des plaques 17. Cette répartition du volume diffère de la répartition du volume des tubes et des canaux en dehors des extrémités du faisceau d'échange.The exchange beam 13 is represented on the figure 6 , front and schematic. According to figure 6 , thanks to the different transformation zones 94 and 95, the volume of the assembly formed by the tubes and the channels is distributed specifically to the ends of the plates 17. This distribution of the volume differs from the distribution of the volume of the tubes and the tubes. channels outside the ends of the exchange beam.

Les différentes surfaces « A » forment, en leurs extrémités, la surface secondaire pouvant, via un élément de raccordement 14,15, être connectée à l'entrée / la sortie destinée au premier fluide. L'espace libre situé autour de la surface « A » permet l'entrée des différents canaux « B » et peut être connecté à l'entrée / la sortie destinée au deuxième fluide.The different surfaces "A" form, at their ends, the secondary surface which, via a connecting element 14, 15, can be connected to the inlet / outlet intended for the first fluid. The free space around the surface "A" allows the entry of the different channels "B" and can be connected to the inlet / outlet for the second fluid.

Grâce à la surface secondaire des tubes, le deuxième fluide peut pénétrer dans le carter au sein de l'espace entourant l'élément de raccordement 14 et le rétrécissement des tubes. Le premier fluide est ensuite guidé à l'intérieur des canaux « B » définis par l'extérieur de l'ensemble des tubes « A » formant ensemble le faisceau d'échange 13. Le deuxième fluide est guidé entre les différents tubes en direction de l'espace entourant le rétrécissement et l'élément de raccordement 15 des tubes en direction de la sortie 32.Thanks to the secondary surface of the tubes, the second fluid can enter the housing within the space surrounding the connecting element 14 and the narrowing of the tubes. The first fluid is then guided inside the "B" channels defined by the outside of the set of tubes "A" forming together the exchange bundle 13. The second fluid is guided between the different tubes in the direction of the space surrounding the narrowing and the connecting member 15 of the tubes towards the outlet 32.

La figure 1 montre que la forme du faisceau d'échange et la présence d'un rétrécissement des tubes en leurs extrémités, grâce aux zones de transformation 94 et 95 des plaques 17, mettent à disposition un espace libre à l'intérieur du carter, formé à l'aide des éléments 11 et 12, et à l'extérieur de ce rétrécissement ainsi que de l'élément de raccordement 14. Cet espace créé à l'intérieur du carter permet la connexion de l'entrée 31 destinée au deuxième fluide. Le deuxième fluide, dirigé via l'entrée 31 en direction du faisceau d'échange 13, peut donc circuler à l'extérieur de l'élément de raccordement 14 et à l'extérieur du rétrécissement des tubes. En d'autres termes, cela signifie qu'un échange de chaleur peut se produire entre le premier et le deuxième fluide, à travers les parois de l'élément de raccordement 14 et ce, directement après l'introduction du deuxième fluide à l'intérieur de l'échangeur de chaleur 10. La même disposition des éléments présents à l'extrémité opposée du faisceau d'échange 13 permet un échange de chaleur optimal entre les deux fluides et ce jusqu'à la sortie 32 destinée au deuxième fluide.The figure 1 shows that the shape of the exchange bundle and the presence of a narrowing of the tubes at their ends, thanks to the transformation zones 94 and 95 of the plates 17, provide a free space inside the housing, formed in the 11 and 12, and outside this narrowing and the connecting member 14. This space created inside the housing allows the connection of the inlet 31 for the second fluid. The second fluid, directed via the inlet 31 in the direction of the exchange beam 13, can therefore flow outside the connecting element 14 and outside the narrowing of the tubes. In other words, this means that a heat exchange can occur between the first and the second fluid, through the walls of the connecting element 14 and directly after the introduction of the second fluid to the first fluid. Inside the heat exchanger 10. The same arrangement of the elements present at the opposite end of the exchange beam 13 allows an optimal heat exchange between the two fluids and this to the outlet 32 for the second fluid.

Les différents éléments tels que montrés sur la figure 1 sont assemblés grâce à un procédé de brasage tel que connu dans l'art antérieur. En vue de l'assemblage des différents éléments au sein de l'échangeur de chaleur 10, lesdits éléments sont préassemblés dans une position identique à leur position au sein du carter 11, 12 et introduits dans un four. L'aluminium et l'inox sont des matériaux particulièrement adaptés pour former l'échangeur de chaleur 10 selon l'invention grâce au procédé de brasage.The different elements as shown on the figure 1 are assembled by a brazing process as known in the prior art. For the assembly of different elements within the heat exchanger 10, said elements are preassembled in a position identical to their position in the housing 11, 12 and introduced into a furnace. Aluminum and stainless steel are particularly suitable materials for forming the heat exchanger 10 according to the invention by the soldering method.

La figure 2 représente une vue en perspective de l'échangeur de chaleur 10 selon la figure 1 dans une position assemblée. La figure 2 montre que l'échangeur de chaleur 10 selon l'invention est relativement compact. De plus, les différentes entrées et sorties 21 (non visible), 22, 31 et 32 sont regroupées afin d'optimiser l'installation finale de l'échangeur de chaleur 10 au sein d'un véhicule automobile par exemple.The figure 2 represents a perspective view of the heat exchanger 10 according to the figure 1 in an assembled position. The figure 2 shows that the heat exchanger 10 according to the invention is relatively compact. In addition, the various inputs and outputs 21 (not visible), 22, 31 and 32 are grouped to optimize the final installation of the heat exchanger 10 within a motor vehicle for example.

La figure 3 montre en détail le faisceau d'échange 13. Les plaques 17 sont empilées afin de former ensemble, en leur intérieur, des tubes permettant de guider le premier fluide, d'une première extrémité 131 vers une deuxième extrémité 132 des tubes et de définir, entre les différents tubes, des canaux permettant de guider le deuxième fluide. Des perturbateurs 18 peuvent être présents entre les différentes plaques 17. Lesdits perturbateurs 18 ont pour but d'améliorer l'échange de chaleur entre le premier et le deuxième fluide lors de l'utilisation de l'échangeur de chaleur 10.The figure 3 shows in detail the exchange beam 13. The plates 17 are stacked together to form, inside, tubes for guiding the first fluid, a first end 131 to a second end 132 of the tubes and to define, between the different tubes, channels for guiding the second fluid. Disruptors 18 may be present between the different plates 17. Said disrupters 18 are intended to improve the heat exchange between the first and the second fluid during the use of the heat exchanger 10.

La figure 7 montre un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention. La figure 7 montre un échangeur de chaleur 40 dont la structure est similaire à celle de l'échangeur de chaleur 10 selon la figure 1 Seules les plaques formant le faisceau d'échange 43 sont positionnées de manière différente par rapport à celles de l'échangeur de chaleur 10. En effet, les plaques sont positionnées de façon verticale par rapport à la longueur « L » de l'échangeur de chaleur 40.The figure 7 shows a second embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention. The figure 7 shows a heat exchanger 40 whose structure is similar to that of the heat exchanger 10 according to the figure 1 Only the plates forming the exchange beam 43 are positioned differently from those of the heat exchanger 10. In fact, the plates are positioned vertically with respect to the length "L" of the heat exchanger. heat 40.

L'échangeur de chaleur 40 comprend un premier élément 41 et un deuxième élément 42 constituant en combinaison un boîtier ou carter 41, 42 pour former l'extérieur dudit échangeur de chaleur 40. Le carter 41, 42 est adapté pour contenir un faisceau d'échange 43. Ce faisceau d'échange 43 comporte un empilement de plaques 27 montrées sur les figures 8 et 9. Les différentes plaques 27, combinées ensemble, forment des tubes permettant de guider, en leur intérieur, un premier fluide d'une première extrémité vers une deuxième extrémité du faisceau d'échange 43. Les différents tubes définissent ensemble des canaux permettant de guider le deuxième fluide à l'extérieur des tubes, de la deuxième extrémité vers la première extrémité du faisceau d'échange 43. Les extrémités des différents tubes présentent un rétrécissement dans lequel lesdites extrémités sont regroupées pour former une surface de connexion, ladite surface de connexion étant adaptée pour être connectée, à l'aide d'un raccordement, à une entrée / sortie respective destinée au premier fluide. Les extrémités présentant un rétrécissement sont clairement visibles sur les figures 8 et 9.The heat exchanger 40 comprises a first element 41 and a second element 42 constituting in combination a housing or housing 41, 42 to form the outside of said heat exchanger 40. The housing 41, 42 is adapted to contain a beam of exchange 43. This exchange beam 43 comprises a stack of plates 27 shown on the figures 8 and 9 . The various plates 27, combined together, form tubes for guiding, in their interior, a first fluid from a first end to a second end of the exchange beam 43. The different tubes together define channels for guiding the second fluid outside the tubes, from the second end to the first end of the exchange beam 43. The ends of the various tubes have a narrowing in which said ends are grouped to form a connection surface, said connecting surface being adapted to be connected, by means of a connection, to a respective input / output for the first fluid. The narrowed ends are clearly visible on the figures 8 and 9 .

Comme représenté sur la figure 7, une entrée 51 (visible en partie) et une sortie 52, destinées au premier fluide, sont présentes dans le deuxième élément 42. L'entrée 51 est adaptée pour être connectée à l'élément de raccordement 45 et pour guider le premier fluide, de son entrée 51 vers l'intérieur des tubes du faisceau d'échange 43, à l'aide de cet élément 45. La sortie 52 est adaptée pour être connectée à l'élément de raccordement 44 et pour guider, à partir des sorties des différents tubes et de l'élément de raccordement 44, le premier fluide vers sa sortie 52.As shown on the figure 7 , an inlet 51 (partially visible) and an outlet 52, intended for the first fluid, are present in the second element 42. The inlet 51 is adapted to be connected to the connecting element 45 and to guide the first fluid, from its inlet 51 towards the inside of the tubes of the exchange bundle 43, with the aid of this element 45. The outlet 52 is adapted to be connected to the connection element 44 and to guide, from the outputs of the different tubes and the connecting element 44, the first fluid towards its outlet 52.

Par ailleurs, le deuxième élément 42 comprend une entrée 61 et une sortie 62 (visible en partie) permettant de laisser pénétrer un deuxième fluide à l'intérieur du carter. Grâce au rétrécissement présent à la deuxième extrémité du faisceau d'échange 43, le deuxième fluide peut être guidé à l'extérieur de l'élément de raccordement 44 et à l'extérieur des extrémités des tubes afin de poursuivre son cheminement à l'intérieur des canaux définis par les différents tubes. Le deuxième fluide peut être guidé vers l'espace ouvert autour de la deuxième extrémité des tubes et l'extérieur de l'élément de raccordement 45 pour sortir de l'échangeur de chaleur 40 à l'aide de la sortie 62.Furthermore, the second element 42 comprises an inlet 61 and an outlet 62 (visible in part) for allowing a second fluid to enter the interior of the housing. Thanks to the narrowing present at the second end of the exchange beam 43, the second fluid can be guided outside the connecting element 44 and outside the ends of the tubes to continue its journey inside. channels defined by the different tubes. The second fluid can be guided towards the open space around the second end of the tubes and the outside of the connecting element 45 to exit the heat exchanger 40 by means of the outlet 62.

L'échangeur de chaleur 40 comprend des éléments d'étanchéité 46 permettant de maintenir ensemble les extrémités des différents tubes et d'améliorer l'étanchéité desdits tubes, évitant ainsi d'éventuelles fuites de fluides.The heat exchanger 40 comprises sealing elements 46 making it possible to hold the ends of the different tubes together and to improve the sealing of said tubes, thus avoiding possible leakage of fluids.

La figure 8 montre la connexion des extrémités des tubes 66 à un premier élément de raccordement 44 et à un deuxième élément de raccordement 45.The figure 8 shows the connection of the ends of the tubes 66 to a first connecting element 44 and to a second connecting element 45.

La figure 8 représente une vue détaillée du faisceau d'échange 43. Le faisceau d'échanges comprend des tubes 66, chacun formé par l'empilement de deux plaques comparables aux plaques représentées sur la figure 4. Des perturbateurs 68 sont visibles entre les différents tubes 66, lesquels perturbateurs facilitent l'échange entre le premier fluide à l'intérieur des tubes 66 et le deuxième fluide à l'extérieur des tubes 66. L'extrémité des différents tubes 66 est montrée plus en détail sur la figure 7. La figure 7 montre que les différentes extrémités des tubes forment ensemble une surface secondaire. Cette surface secondaire est adaptée pour un raccordement à l'élément de raccordement 44 tel que montré sur la figure 7. Afin d'améliorer l'étanchéité, les différentes extrémités des tubes 66 sont enveloppées d'un élément d'étanchéité 46.The figure 8 is a detailed view of the exchange beam 43. The exchange beam comprises tubes 66, each formed by the stack of two plates comparable to the plates shown in FIG. figure 4 . Disturbants 68 are visible between the different tubes 66, which disruptors facilitate the exchange between the first fluid inside the tubes 66 and the second fluid outside the tubes 66. The end of the different tubes 66 is shown more in detail on the figure 7 . The figure 7 shows that the different ends of the tubes together form a secondary surface. This secondary surface is adapted for connection to the connecting element 44 as shown in FIG. figure 7 . In order to improve the sealing, the different ends of the tubes 66 are wrapped with a sealing element 46.

La figure 9 montre la surface secondaire obtenue par la connexion des différentes extrémités des tubes.The figure 9 shows the secondary surface obtained by the connection of the different ends of the tubes.

Les différents éléments de l'échangeur de chaleur 40 tels que représentés sur les figures 7, 8 et 9 peuvent être assemblés grâce à un procédé de brasage. Afin de réaliser ce procédé de brasage, différents éléments sont assemblés dans leurs différentes positions respectives et introduits dans un four.The different elements of the heat exchanger 40 as represented on the figures 7 , 8 and 9 can be assembled by a brazing process. In order to carry out this brazing process, different elements are assembled in their respective respective positions and introduced into an oven.

La figure 10 montre un échangeur de chaleur selon un troisième mode de réalisation 70 de l'invention, représenté selon une vue en perspective éclatée. Comme représenté sur la figure 10, l'échangeur de chaleur 70 comprend un premier élément 71 et un deuxième élément 72 formant ensemble un carter. Un faisceau d'échange 73 est présent à l'intérieur dudit carter. L'utilisation de l'échangeur de chaleur 70 selon les figures 10 et 11 est similaire à l'utilisation des échangeurs de chaleur 10 et 40 tels que décrits ci-dessus. Une différence entre l'échangeur de chaleur 70 et les échangeurs de chaleur 10 et 40 réside dans le fait que les différents tubes sont, après leur rétrécissement et avec leur surface assemblée, directement connectés à une entrée / sortie présente à l'extérieur du carter. Cela signifie que l'élément de raccordement permettant de guider le deuxième fluide, selon les figures 10 et 11, se trouve à l'extérieur du carter.The figure 10 shows a heat exchanger according to a third embodiment 70 of the invention, shown in an exploded perspective view. As shown on the figure 10 the heat exchanger 70 includes a first member 71 and a second member 72 together forming a housing. An exchange beam 73 is present inside said housing. The use of the heat exchanger heat 70 according to the figures 10 and 11 is similar to the use of heat exchangers 10 and 40 as described above. A difference between the heat exchanger 70 and the heat exchangers 10 and 40 lies in the fact that the various tubes are, after their shrinkage and with their assembled surface, directly connected to an inlet / outlet present outside the housing. . This means that the connecting element for guiding the second fluid, according to the figures 10 and 11, is outside the housing.

Claims (6)

  1. Heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) allowing the exchange of heat between a first and a second fluid, the said exchanger (10, 40, 70) comprising:
    - a casing (11, 12; 41, 42; 71, 72) and
    - an exchange core bundle (13, 43, 73) positioned inside the said casing (11, 12; 41, 42; 71, 72),
    - in which the exchange core bundle (13, 43, 73) comprises:
    - a main surface comprising a main width and formed by a plurality of tubes (66) designed to guide the first fluid inside these tubes (66),
    - a first-fluid inlet (21, 51) leading toward a first-fluid outlet (22, 52) and allowing the second fluid to be guided outside these tubes (66),
    - a second-fluid inlet (31, 61) leading towards a second-fluid outlet (33, 62),
    - in which the tubes (66) are, at least at a first end (131, 132), assembled to form a secondary surface comprising a secondary width less than the main width for connection to the inlet (21, 51) and/or the outlet (22, 52) for the first fluid,
    - in which the secondary surface at the first end (131, 132) of the tubes is formed to create a space between the casing (11, 12; 41, 42; 71, 72) and the exterior face of the secondary surface, which space is connected to the inlet (31, 61) and/or the outlet (32, 62) for the second fluid.
  2. Heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) according to Claim 1, in which the tubes (66) are, at a first end (131), assembled to form the secondary surface for connection to the first-fluid inlet (21, 51),
    - in which the secondary surface at the first end (131) of the tubes (66) is formed to create a space between the casing (11, 12; 41, 42; 71, 72) and the exterior face of the secondary surface, which space is connected to the second-fluid outlet (32, 62);
    - and in which the tubes (66) are, at the second end (132), assembled to form a secondary surface comprising a secondary width less than the width for connection to the first-fluid outlet (22, 52), the said secondary surface at the second end (132) of the tubes (66) creating a space between the casing (11, 12; 41, 42; 71, 72) and the exterior face of the secondary surface, which space is connected to the second-fluid inlet (31, 61).
  3. Heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) according to Claim 1 or 2, in which the said heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) comprises a sealing element (16, 46) allowing the tubes (66) to be enveloped at least at one end (131, 132).
  4. Heat exchanger according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) comprises a connecting element (14, 15; 44, 45) allowing at least one end (131, 132) of the tubes (66) to be connected to an inlet (21, 51) or to an outlet (22, 52) using the said connecting element (14, 15; 44, 45).
  5. Heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the tubes (66) are positioned relative to one another in such a way as to create canals between them, the said canals comprising perturbators (18, 68).
  6. Heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the exchange core bundle (13, 43, 73) is obtained from a plurality of plates (17, 27) positioned one upon another, and in which the ends of the said plates (91, 92) are provided with a lip making it possible to increase the area between the plate (17, 27) and the inside of the casing (11, 12; 41, 42; 71, 72).
EP14739724.4A 2013-07-12 2014-07-04 Heat exchanger Active EP3019808B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1356894A FR3008485B1 (en) 2013-07-12 2013-07-12 HEAT EXCHANGER
PCT/EP2014/064374 WO2015004032A1 (en) 2013-07-12 2014-07-04 Heat exchanger

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EP3019808A1 EP3019808A1 (en) 2016-05-18
EP3019808B1 true EP3019808B1 (en) 2017-08-23

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JP (1) JP6355730B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101814027B1 (en)
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JP2017125633A (en) * 2016-01-12 2017-07-20 住友精密工業株式会社 Heat exchanger
KR101857044B1 (en) * 2016-04-06 2018-05-15 주식회사 코렌스 Gas tube for EGR cooler
KR101887750B1 (en) * 2016-07-22 2018-08-13 현대자동차주식회사 Egr cooler for vehicle

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JP6355730B2 (en) 2018-07-11
KR101814027B1 (en) 2018-01-02
CN105473975A (en) 2016-04-06
US20160327344A1 (en) 2016-11-10
JP2016524119A (en) 2016-08-12
KR20160032097A (en) 2016-03-23
WO2015004032A1 (en) 2015-01-15
FR3008485B1 (en) 2015-08-21
FR3008485A1 (en) 2015-01-16
EP3019808A1 (en) 2016-05-18
CN105473975B (en) 2017-11-14

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