JP2016524119A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a heat exchanger that provides a possibility of heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid, and includes a housing and a heat exchange bundle disposed inside the housing. The heat exchange bundle has a main width and a main surface formed by a plurality of pipes, the pipes being suitable for guiding the first fluid into the pipes. A first fluid inlet to the first fluid outlet, the first fluid inlet to the first fluid outlet, the inlet providing the possibility of guiding the second fluid outside of the conduits, and the second fluid outlet A second fluid inlet, wherein the conduit has a secondary width less than the main width for connecting to the first fluid inlet and / or outlet at least at the first end. Assembled to form a secondary surface, the secondary surface at the first end of the conduit creating a space between the housing and the outer surface of the secondary surface The heat exchanger is characterized in that it is connected to the inlet and / or outlet of the second fluid. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchanger such as a heat exchanger intended for automobiles. The heat exchanger according to the present invention is particularly suitable for use in an engine exhaust pipe. This type of heat exchanger is commonly referred to as an exhaust recirculation cooler (EGR or EGRC heat exchanger).

  A heat exchanger of the type used in the automotive industry is more specifically a heat exchange element that enables heat exchange from a first fluid to a second fluid inside the exhaust pipe of an internal combustion heat engine. It essentially comprises a box or housing contained therein. These elements that allow this heat exchange include, for example, pipelines.

  These lines located inside the heat exchanger can be present inside the heat exchange bundle including a plurality of lines located substantially parallel to each other. The conduits can be arranged in a single row or in a plurality of rows parallel to each other. The conduit provides the possibility to guide the first fluid inside the conduit from the first end of the heat exchange bundle to the second end of the heat exchange bundle.

  The associated conduits mutually define a flow path that guides the second fluid from the second end of the heat exchanger to the first end of the heat exchanger therebetween. Thus, the heat exchanger allows, in particular, countercurrent flow of the first fluid and the second fluid within the heat exchanger.

  In order to improve the heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid, other elements such as plates, fins and disturbances may be provided in addition to these lines forming the heat exchange bundle. it can.

  Heat exchangers are known from the prior art that include a housing that provides the possibility of receiving a heat exchange bundle therein. The housing appears as a box with a plurality of walls that form the outside of the housing and define a space in which heat exchange takes place. The housing essentially comprises inlets and outlets for the first fluid and the second fluid at the first end and the second end of the housing. Thus, these inlets and outlets allow heat exchangers to be connected to the inlet conduits and outlet conduits, respectively, which conduits are connected to the first and second fluids as the first and second fluids pass through the heat exchangers. Two fluids are suitable for guiding to the heat exchanger by the inlet conduit and to the final destination by the outlet conduit.

  The heat exchanger as described above is disclosed in Patent Document 1. According to this document, the heat exchanger comprises a plurality of conduits that guide a first fluid from an inlet for the first fluid to an outlet for the first fluid. In order to obtain a duct that makes it possible to do so, it is obtained by using plates laminated together in a housing.

  Individual conduits that define the flow path allow the second fluid to be guided from the inlet for the second fluid to the outlet for the second fluid. The heat exchanger according to Patent Document 1 is adapted to guide the first fluid from the first end of the casing to the second end of the casing along the longitudinal direction of the casing. The inlet and the outlet for the second fluid are arranged on the side wall of the housing so that the second fluid can be injected and discharged along a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the first fluid.

  The heat exchanger according to Patent Document 1 has a first problem that the individual inlet and outlet connections of the fluid are located on four different walls of the housing that forms the outside of the heat exchanger. The inlet and outlet for the first fluid are at the end of the housing in the longitudinal direction of the housing. An inlet and outlet for the second fluid is present on the side wall of the housing. The location of these inlets and outlets of the fluid limits the flexibility of installing a heat exchanger in the available space.

  Furthermore, in the manufacture of the heat exchanger according to Patent Document 1, heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid is performed by using a part of the length of the heat exchanger, that is, an inlet for the second fluid. Limit between and exit. In other words, heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid is not possible in a portion of the flow path of the first fluid. For this reason, the heat exchanger having the device described in Patent Document 1 is not optimal for the external dimensions of the heat exchanger.

  Nowadays, the space in the car for the heat exchanger and its components tends to shrink in order to integrate other equipment needed for car operation. This means that heat exchanger integration is becoming increasingly complex. For this reason, in order to be able to integrate the heat exchanger assembly into the available space as efficiently as possible, the relative freedom of adaptation, in particular the first and second fluid inlet conduits and It is important to develop a small heat exchanger that allows freedom in the placement of the outlet conduit.

German Patent Application Publication No. 199 27 607

  The heat exchanger according to the present invention aims to find a solution to the problems of heat exchangers known in the art, and has a novel design relating to the formation of a heat exchange bundle that enables miniaturization of the heat exchanger. It is what we propose.

For this purpose, the present invention is a heat exchanger that provides the possibility of heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid,
A housing,
A heat exchange bundle disposed inside the housing,
The heat exchange bundle is
A main surface having a main width and formed of a plurality of conduits, wherein the conduit is suitable for guiding a first fluid into the conduits;
An inlet of a first fluid towards the outlet of the first fluid, the inlet providing the possibility of guiding the second fluid outside these lines;
A second fluid inlet toward the second fluid outlet;
The conduit is assembled at least at a first end to form a secondary surface having a secondary width less than the main width for connecting to the inlet and / or outlet of the first fluid. And
The secondary surface of the first end of the conduit is formed to create a space between the housing and the outer surface of the secondary surface, the space being a second fluid inlet and / or Or it is related with the heat exchanger characterized by being connected to an exit.

According to the invention, the conduit can be assembled at the first end to form a secondary surface for connection to the first fluid inlet;
The secondary surface of the first end of the conduit is formed to create a space between the housing and the outer surface of the secondary surface, and this space is connected to the outlet of the second fluid. And
The conduit is assembled at the second end to form a secondary surface having a secondary width smaller than the main width for connecting to the outlet of the first fluid; The secondary surface at the second end of the path creates a space between the housing and the outer surface of the secondary surface, and this space is connected to the inlet of the second fluid.

  Thus, in the first stage, by forming and assembling a heat exchange bundle according to the present invention, the inlet and outlet for the first and second fluids are located at the opposite end of the housing. This grouping of inlets and outlets increases the possibility of adaptation and gives the possibility to integrate the heat exchanger assembly in an optimal way in the available space.

  Also, in the second stage, the secondary surface gives the possibility to connect the second end of the conduit to an outlet that creates a space at the inlet of the first fluid, over the entire fluid flow path, That is, there is an advantage that heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid can be performed from the inlet to the outlet. For this reason, the efficiency of a heat exchanger increases in proportion to its outer dimensions.

  According to one embodiment, the heat exchanger according to the invention comprises a sealing element that gives the possibility to cover each end of the conduit.

  According to one embodiment, the heat exchanger according to the invention comprises a connection element, which allows at least one end of the line to be connected to an inlet or outlet.

  According to one embodiment, the conduits are arranged relative to each other to create a flow path between them, the flow path including a turbulence device.

  According to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange bundle is obtained by a plurality of plates arranged one on top of the other, the end of the plate being able to increase the surface between the plate and the inside of the housing It has an edge that gives sex.

  The objects, problems and features of the present invention and their advantages will become clearer when the following description of the preferred embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the present invention is read with reference to the drawings. .

1 shows an exploded perspective view of a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It shows in the form which assembled the heat exchanger of FIG. 3 shows a heat exchange bundle of the heat exchanger of FIGS. The detail of the two plates which comprise a part of heat exchange bundle | flux of FIG. 3 is shown. It is a figure which shows the main surface of a heat exchange bundle roughly. It is a figure which shows roughly the secondary surface of a heat exchange bundle. FIG. 6 shows an exploded perspective view of a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The heat exchange bundle of the heat exchanger of FIG. 7 is shown. The end of the heat exchange bundle of FIG. 8 is shown in detail. It is a disassembled perspective view of 3rd Embodiment of the heat exchanger according to this invention.

  FIG. 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of a heat exchanger 10 according to the present invention. The heat exchanger 10 comprises a first element 11 and a second element 12 that, when combined, give the possibility to form the outside of the heat exchanger 10. The combined elements 11 and 12 form a box or housing 11, 12 that can contain elements that provide the possibility of optimizing heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid. The second element 12 comprises individual inlets and outlets for the first and second fluids.

  An inlet 21 present in the second element 12 forms an inlet for the first fluid. On the opposite side, an outlet 22 forms an outlet for the first fluid. The inlet 31 is for the second fluid. Outlet 32 is for the second fluid.

  During use of the heat exchanger 10, the first fluid enters the interior of the heat exchanger 10 through the inlet 21. At the same time, the second fluid enters the interior of the heat exchanger 10 through the inlet 31. Accordingly, the heat exchanger 10 includes a heat exchange bundle 13 that includes a stack of plates 17 that, when combined, have a conduit and a flow path defined between the conduits. Form. The heat exchange bundle 13 is shown in more detail in FIGS. As described above, the heat exchanging bundle 13 includes a stack of plates 17 in which an assembly made up of two plates contains a first fluid from an inlet 21 to an outlet 22. A pipe line that can be guided is formed. A flow path is defined between the different conduits, allowing circulation of the second fluid from the inlet 31 to the outlet 32.

  For practical reasons and in terms of facilitating reference to the heat exchanger 10 shown in FIG. 1, the dimensions “L”, “l” and “H” are shown in FIG. The symbol “L” is used to indicate the maximum dimension of the heat exchanger 10 and corresponds to the direction in which the first and second fluids circulate. The symbol “l” is used to indicate the width of the heat exchanger 10, and the symbol “H” is used to indicate the height of the heat exchanger 10.

  The stack of plates 17 gives the possibility to obtain the heat exchange bundle 13 and exists according to the arrangement shown in FIG. Each of the plates 17 is suitable for forming the inner wall of the conduit and has an inner surface suitable for exposure to the first fluid and an opposite or outer surface. This outer surface is in contact with the second fluid during use of the plate 17.

  FIG. 4 shows that each plate 17 comprises elements that are curved in the longitudinal direction. This curved element is adapted to increase the contact surface between the end (as viewed in the longitudinal direction) of the plate 17 and the inside of the wall of the first element 11 shown in FIG. This increase in surface allows brazing of the different elements of the heat exchanger 10 and brazing to ensure optimum contact to avoid possible fluid leakage during use of the heat exchanger 10. To make it easier.

  From the viewpoint of obtaining the heat exchange bundle 13, different plates 17 are arranged such that the inner surface of the first plate 17 faces the inner surface of the second plate, the outer surface of the second plate 17 faces the inner surface of the third plate 17, Arrange so that this is repeated according to the number of plates.

  In the heat exchanger 10 according to FIG. 1, the individual plates 17 have dimensions corresponding to the internal dimensions of the housings 11, 12 of the heat exchanger 10. The width “l” of the plate 17 shown in FIG. 4 corresponds to the inner width of the casings 11 and 12 shown in FIG.

  The shape of the conduit of the heat exchange bundle changes at the end of the conduit and presents a constriction. The heat exchange bundle includes at this end a connecting surface assembled with outlets of different ducts. As shown in FIG. 3, this connecting surface is suitable for connecting to the outlet 32 for the second fluid using the connecting element 14.

  FIG. 1 shows a sealing element 16 that is adapted to cover the end of the plate 17 and form a heat exchange bundle 13 therewith. This sealing element 16 holds the plates 17 together in order to avoid the possibility of leakage from the inside of the duct to the flow path located outside the duct and vice versa. Make it possible.

  The connecting element 14 is suitable for connecting the surface of an individual line to the outlet 22. A connecting element 15 is provided on the opposite side of the heat exchange bundle in order to connect the inlet 21 for the first fluid to the connection surface at the opposite end of the heat exchange bundle 13.

  The operation of the heat exchanger according to the invention is that the shape of the plates 17 changes between their first end 91 and their second end 92, as shown in FIG. Based. At ends 91 and 92, the plate can form a relatively limited length “L” line to allow the line to have a greater width when the plates are combined. It has a shape that imparts sex. The surface of the cross section at the end of the conduit is represented by the term “secondary surface”. At the center 93 of the plate 17, the plate 17 is adapted to form a conduit having a relatively large length “L” and a small width “l”. Within the scope of the present invention, the surface of the central section of the conduit in the central region of the heat exchange bundle is represented by the term “main surface”. From the end 91 toward the center, the plate 17 includes a transition region. From the central portion 93 toward the end portion 92, each plate 17 includes a second transition region indicated by reference numeral 95.

  The technical effect of the particular shape of the plate 17 is schematically illustrated in FIGS.

  FIG. 5 shows a part of the heat exchange bundle 13 as a cross-sectional view. The interior of the conduit is indicated by reference numeral “A”. The individual pipe lines are separated by a flow path indicated by reference sign “B”. The inside “A” of the conduit is suitable for guiding the first fluid, and the flow path “B” is suitable for guiding the second fluid as a countercurrent. FIG. 5 shows that in the middle of the heat exchange bundle 13, the different fluids are well separated and that heat exchange is possible through individual walls.

  The heat exchange bundle 13 is schematically shown in FIG. 6 from the front. As shown in FIG. 6, due to the different transition regions 94 and 95, the volume of the assembly formed by the conduits and flow paths is specifically distributed at the end of the plate 17. This distribution of volume is different from the distribution of the volume of the conduit and the volume of the flow path outside the end of the heat exchange bundle.

  The different surfaces “A” form secondary surfaces at their ends, which are connected via connecting elements 14, 15 to the inlet / outlet for the first fluid. Free space located around the surface “A” allows for the entrance of different flow paths “B” and can be connected to an inlet / outlet for the second fluid.

  Due to the secondary surface of the conduit, the second fluid can be placed in a housing in a space surrounding the connecting element 14 and the constriction of the conduit. The first fluid is then guided into a flow path “B” defined by the exterior of the conduit assembly “A” forming the heat exchange bundle 13. The second fluid is guided between the various conduits towards the space surrounding the constriction and the connecting element 15 of the conduit towards the outlet 32.

  FIG. 1 shows that the shape of the heat exchange bundle and the presence of a constriction at the end of the conduit due to the transition regions 94 and 95 of the plate 17 are formed by elements 11 and 12, the outside of this constriction and the connecting element 14. This indicates that the free space inside the housing can be used. This space created inside the housing allows connection of the inlet 31 for the second fluid. Accordingly, the second fluid directed to the inlet 31 toward the heat exchange bundle 13 can circulate outside the connecting element 14 and outside the narrowed portion of the conduit. In other words, this is because heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid immediately after the second fluid is introduced into the interior of the heat exchanger 10 through the wall of the connecting element 14. It means what can happen. The same arrangement of the elements present at the opposite end of the heat exchange bundle 13 allows ideal heat exchange between both fluids, up to the outlet for the second fluid It becomes.

  The different elements as shown in FIG. 1 are assembled using brazing methods known in the prior art. From the point of view of assembling different elements in the heat exchanger 10, the elements are pre-assembled at the same position as in the housing and introduced into the furnace. Aluminum and stainless steel are particularly suitable materials for forming the heat exchanger 10 according to the present invention by a brazing method.

  FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the heat exchanger 10 of FIG. 1 in the assembled position. FIG. 2 shows that the heat exchanger 10 according to the present invention is relatively small. Furthermore, the different inlets and outlets 21 (not shown), 22, 31 and 32 are grouped together, for example to optimize the final installation of the heat exchanger 10 inside the automobile.

  FIG. 3 shows the heat exchange bundle 13 in detail, and the plate 17 guides the first fluid from the first end 131 to the second end 132 of the conduit inside them, The channels are stacked to form a channel that allows the flow of the second fluid to be defined between different channels. A disturber 18 may be present between the different plates 17. The disturbance 18 has an object of improving heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid when the heat exchanger 10 is used.

  FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the present invention. FIG. 7 shows a heat exchanger 40, the structure of which is the same as the heat exchanger 10 of FIG. Only the plates forming the heat exchange bundle 43 are arranged differently compared to those of the heat exchanger 10. In practice, the plates are arranged perpendicular to the length “L” of the heat exchanger 40.

  The heat exchanger 40 includes a first element 41 and a second element 42 that are combined to form a box or housing 41, 42 to form the exterior of the heat exchanger 40. The casings 41 and 42 are suitable for housing the heat exchange bundle 43. This heat exchange bundle 43 includes a stack of plates 27 shown in FIGS. The different plates 27 combined with each other form a conduit that gives the possibility of guiding the first fluid into the heat exchange bundle 43 from the first end to the second end thereof. The different conduits together define a flow path that allows a second fluid outside the conduit to be guided from the second end of the heat exchange bundle 43 to the first end. The ends of the different conduits have constrictions that are paired together to form a connection surface, the connection surface being connected to the respective inlet / outlet of the first fluid by connection means. Suitable for connecting to. The end with the constriction is clearly shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 7, an inlet 51 (partially visible) and outlet 52 for the first fluid are present in the second element 42. The inlet 51 is connected to a connection element 45, which is adapted to guide the first fluid from the inlet 51 toward the inside of the conduit of the heat exchange bundle 43. The outlet 52 is connected to the connecting element 44 and is adapted to guide the first fluid from the outlet of the different conduits and from the connecting element 44 to the outlet 52.

  The second element 42 also includes an inlet 61 and an outlet 62 (partially visible) to allow the second fluid to flow into the housing. Due to the constriction present at the second end of the heat exchanging bundle 43, the second fluid is allowed to continue through the interior of the flow path defined by the different conduits and the outer and pipes of the connecting element 44. Guided outside the end of the road. The second fluid can be guided towards the free space around the second end of the conduit and outside the connecting element 45 to exit the heat exchanger 40 via the outlet 62.

  The heat exchanger 40 comprises a sealing element 46 that gives the possibility of holding the ends of different conduits together and improves the sealing of the conduits to avoid the possibility of fluid leakage. .

  FIG. 8 shows the connection of the end of the conduit 66 to the first connection element 44 and the second connection element 45.

  FIG. 8 shows a detailed view of the heat exchange bundle 43. The heat exchange bundle includes conduits 66 each constituted by a stack of two plates corresponding to the plates shown in FIG. A perturbator 68 is shown between the different conduits 66 that facilitate heat exchange between the first fluid inside the conduit 66 and the second fluid outside the conduit 66. To do. The ends of the different conduits 66 are shown in more detail in FIG. FIG. 7 shows that different ends of the duct form a secondary surface. This secondary surface is adapted to be connected to a connecting element 44 as shown in FIG. In order to improve the sealing performance, different ends of the conduit 66 are covered with a sealing element 46.

  FIG. 9 shows the secondary surface obtained by connecting different ends of the conduit.

  The different elements of the heat exchanger 40 shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 can be assembled using a brazing method. In order to carry out this brazing method, different elements are assembled at their different respective positions and introduced into the furnace.

  FIG. 10 shows an exploded perspective view of a heat exchanger 70 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the heat exchanger 70 includes a first element 71 and a housing 72 that together form a housing. The heat exchange bundle 73 exists inside the casing. The use of heat exchanger 70 according to FIGS. 10 and 11 is similar to the use of heat exchangers 10 and 40 described above. The difference between the heat exchanger 70 and the heat exchangers 10 and 40 is that different conduits are connected directly to the inlet / outlet existing outside the housing at the assembly surface after the constriction. It is in. This means that the connecting element that enables the guidance of the second fluid is located outside the housing, as in FIGS.

Claims (6)

A heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) that provides the possibility of heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid, the heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) comprising:
A housing (11, 12; 41, 42; 71, 72);
A heat exchange bundle (13, 43, 73) disposed inside the housing (11, 12; 41, 42; 71, 72);
The heat exchange bundle (13, 43, 73) is
A main surface having a main width and formed by a plurality of pipes (66), the pipe (66) being suitable for guiding the first fluid into the pipes (66); And the main surface
A first fluid inlet (21, 51) towards the first fluid outlet (22, 52), which provides the possibility to guide the second fluid outside these lines (66) (21, 51),
A second fluid inlet (31, 61) towards a second fluid outlet (32, 62);
The conduit (66) has a main width for connecting to the first fluid inlet (21, 51) and / or outlet (22, 52) at least at the first end (131, 132). Assembled to form a secondary surface having a smaller secondary width,
The secondary surface of the first end (131, 132) of the conduit creates a space between the housing (11, 12; 41, 42; 71, 72) and the outer surface of the secondary surface. A heat exchanger characterized in that this space is connected to the inlet (31, 61) and / or the outlet (32, 62) of the second fluid. The conduit (66) is assembled at the first end (131) to form a secondary surface for connection to the first fluid inlet (21, 51);
The secondary surface of the first end (131) of the conduit (66) creates a space between the housing (11, 12; 41, 42; 71, 72) and the outer surface of the secondary surface. And this space is connected to the outlet (32, 62) of the second fluid,
The conduit (66) has a secondary surface having a secondary width smaller than the main width for connecting to the first fluid outlet (22, 52) at the second end (132). The secondary surface of the second end (132) of the conduit (66) is assembled with the housing (11, 12; 41, 42; 71, 72) and the secondary surface. The heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) according to claim 1, wherein a space is created between the outer surface and the space is connected to a second fluid inlet (31, 61).   2. The heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) comprises a sealing element (16, 46) that provides the possibility of covering the conduit (66) with at least one end (131, 132). The heat exchanger according to 2, (10, 40, 70).   The heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) comprises a connecting element (14, 15; 44, 45), by means of the connecting element (14, 15; 44, 45), at least one end of a conduit (66). 4. A heat exchanger (10, 40, 70) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which makes it possible to connect the part (131, 132) to an inlet (21, 51) or an outlet (22, 52).   5. The conduit (66) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the conduits (66) are arranged relative to each other so as to create a flow path between them, the flow path comprising a disturbance (18, 68). The described heat exchanger (10, 40, 70).   The heat exchange bundle (13, 43, 73) is obtained by a plurality of plates (17, 27) arranged one on top of the other, and the end portions (91, 92) of the plates are connected to the plates (17, 27). Heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising an edge that gives the possibility of increasing the surface between the inside of the housing (11, 12; 41, 42; 71, 72). (10, 40, 70).

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