EP3017872B1 - High pressure water jet device, channel cleaning device and high pressure water jet method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a high-pressure water jet device for processing a surface. Such water jet devices are used, for example, for cleaning surfaces having adhesion. For this purpose, the high-pressure water jet device comprises a nozzle with at least one opening for generating a beam following a directional beam path of a liquid medium under maximum pressure.

The invention also relates to a sewer cleaning device for cleaning channels, such as open channels or closed channels. This includes not accessible to persons channels, wherein by means of the channel cleaning device on the surfaces of the channels different processing steps, such as cleaning are executable.

The invention further relates to a high-pressure water jet method for processing a surface, comprising generating a beam of a liquid, ultra-high-pressure medium following a directed beam path by means of a nozzle and then directing the beam onto the surface to be processed. If a surface to be treated is mentioned below, it refers to surfaces which have coatings or adhesions or other constituents to be removed on the surface which are to be removed with the device.

There are water jet devices for a variety of different applications, such as the cutting of materials, the removal of on bodies deposited coatings, such as paints, or for the removal of unwanted deposits / deposits, impurities or contaminants, here generally referred to as adhesions, known on surfaces, especially on surfaces in channels. For example, in the US 2,439,032A a nozzle for so-called shot peening described in which solid particles are blasted by means of a pressurized fluid on a surface to be machined to densify the surface. From the US1510175A For example, a spray head for horticultural applications is known in which the spread of the spray jet in a spray area is limited by means of a deflector.

It is also known that the medium used to remove adhesions may have solid components to enhance the abrasive action. For the various applications and the performance requirements associated therewith, various pressure ranges are contemplated in which the water jet devices are operated.

The maximum pressure should here be the pressures of the medium, often water, in the range of greater than 500 bar to about 3000 bar. Although pumps are known with which pressures of the medium of up to 6000 bar can be achieved, but at these extreme pressures of up to 6000 bar the restriction that the medium by means of inflexible media guides, such as rigid pipes, passed to the nozzle or nozzles becomes. Such extreme pressures are used, for example, in stationary water jet devices used to cut or cut hard materials. With regard to flexible media guides, such as reinforced plastic hoses, the upper limit of the maximum through this flexible media guide conductive medium is currently limited to about 3000 bar. With their further development higher pressures are possible and usable with the invention described below. Of these water jet devices that operate with ultra-high pressure media, there is a distinction to be made between water jet devices which are operated at high pressure. The area of high pressure in water jet devices for working surfaces overlaps with the region of maximum pressure, wherein the upper limit of the high pressure, at the currently common water jet devices at about 700 bar, far below the upper limit of the maximum pressure.

The transition from the area of high pressure to the area of maximum pressure takes place against the background, even very dense and hard adhesions on the surfaces to be machined, for example on surfaces of a channel to remove and due to this increased effect of the medium, the area-related amount of necessary for processing To reduce medium.

For the processing and thus the conception of the device, in addition to the pressure data, in particular the amount of liquid per unit of time is of interest, which is provided by one, optionally also more than one pump of the device. For the high-pressure water jet method considered here with the above-mentioned pressure ranges, liquid quantities of 8 to 40 l / min are usual, although different configurations of pump parameters exist for the different volume ranges. Insofar as the available technique of the pumps improves, as set forth with respect to the upper pressure limit, the limits and the available pumps may also vary with respect to the amount of liquid usable for the method and apparatus.

For the two mentioned pressure ranges are devices, for example DE 20 2010 016 857 U1 and DE 20 2014 000 026 U1 , and methods are known in which a medium by means of a working machine on a certain pressure and directed by means of hoses or other media guides, such as pipes or flexible hoses to a nozzle. The pressurized medium then exits a directional jet path as a free jet from an opening of the nozzle. By positioning the nozzle, this free jet can be directed to the surface to be machined, where the beam in turn causes a locally limited abrasive effect on impact. Depending on the nozzle shape, the beam may be bundled or fan-shaped. While a collimated beam has a substantially circular cross-sectional shape, a fan-shaped beam is characterized in that the medium is spread in the form of a fan when exiting the opening, so that it impinges linearly on the surface to be processed. There are also known nozzles in which the jet emerges in the form of the lateral surface of a cone. Furthermore, nozzles with multiple openings are known.

A disadvantage of the known devices and methods is that the pressure of the medium on the one hand must be so high that buildup on the surfaces to be processed can be reliably removed at such pressures but also damage to the surfaces to be processed may occur when the adhesions removed and the beam hits the already processed surface.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a high-pressure water jet apparatus, a sewer cleaning apparatus and a high-pressure water jet method which avoid damage to the surface to be processed by the jet, but at least maintain and improve the applicability to the named fields of application.

It is therefore proposed a high-pressure water jet device for processing a surface comprising a nozzle with at least one opening to Generation of a beam following a directed beam path of a liquid medium under maximum pressure in the range of greater than 500 bar to approx. 3000 bar.

The invention is characterized in that a beam deflection means can be positioned in the beam path by means of a beam deflection means positioning device and the beam deflection means has a beam deflection surface positioned in the beam path towards the at least one nozzle opening.

This ensures that the medium under maximum pressure, after it has emerged as a jet from an opening of the nozzle, does not directly strike the surface to be processed, but rather is deflected before striking the surface to be machined at the Strahlumlenkfläche the Strahlumlenkmittels. As far as the beam is described below, this is always done with reference to the beam path, which the beam follows and which is changed by the impact on a surface. By using appropriate nozzles or by fanning the beam onto a surface, the beam can be characterized by a plurality of beam paths, which describe the propagation of the medium in space meaningful and understandable. For example, they may lie in a plane when a peak pressure jet at an acute angle hits a surface or on a cone shroud at a corresponding nozzle. When determining the beam paths should be disregarded that each beam is always spread after a certain distance from its source. Due to the high directional momentum for media under extreme pressure, it can be assumed that this proportion is negligible. If the high-pressure water jet device is temporarily operated at a pressure at which no damage to the surface to be processed is to be expected, the beam deflecting means can also move outside by means of the beam deflection means positioning device be positioned of the beam path so that the beam hits directly on the surface to be machined.

Despite a loss of power associated with the deflection of the jet, which is largely due to the change in momentum of the medium, it was found that the surface to be processed can be processed so that d. H. for example, adhesions are just as reliably removable, as is known in a directly directed to the surface to be processed beam.

In addition, this processing effect of the jet on the surface to be processed can even be increased. This is possible according to the invention in that the beam impinges on the surface to be machined by the deflection at the beam deflection surface in an alternative in a more acute angle of incidence compared to the beam path without beam deflection means. The relevant impact angle is the angle between the already processed, d. H. under the adhered surface and the deflected beam, thus the complementary angle of a surface normal of the already machined surface and the deflected beam.

The deflection of the beam according to the invention by means of the beam deflection means also includes the alternative that the deflected beam does not strike the surface to be machined, in which case no angle of incidence can be measured. Instead, the jet is deflected by the beam deflection surface in such a way that the deflected beam essentially, ie with minimal possible deviations, runs parallel to the already processed surface. In this way, damage to the already machined surface can be completely avoided by hitting the deflected under high pressure jet. For this embodiment, it is advantageous if the Strahlumlenkfläche is arranged in close proximity to the already processed surface, so that the deflected beam directly over the already processed surface is directed to the adhesions.

The angle of incidence is preferably in a range greater than 0 ° to less than or equal to 60 °, more preferably in a range greater than 0 ° to less than or equal to 30 °. The pointed angle of incidence or the beam deflected parallel to the surface already machined can be used to cut adhesions from the surface to be machined, minimizing or even avoiding the momentum of the deflected beam on the already machined surface, thus avoiding their damage ,

The angle of incidence is to be distinguished from that angle with which the jet emerging from the nozzle and impinging on the beam path strikes the beam deflection surface. This angle between the beam path and a surface normal of the Strahlumlenkfläche is preferably in a range greater than 0 ° to less than or equal to 30 °, more preferably in a range greater than 0 ° to less than or equal to 60 °.

It has also been found that the beam deflection surface can be designed differently in order to achieve the technical effect.

Thus, it can be provided that the beam deflecting surface is designed as a plane or, in contrast to the below described channel, as a slightly curved surface, ie with a cross section whose radius or radii are substantially larger than the diameter of the jet emerging from the nozzle. This ensures that the beam is distributed in a fan shape upon impact with the Strahlumlenkfläche according to its momentum and the shape of the Strahlumlenkfläche. As a result, the jet does not impinge punctiformly but linearly on the surface to be processed, whereby the pulse provided by the beam is still available, but is comparable to a scraper linear, whereby the Potentially damaging punctiform machining can be avoided and a larger section can be machined during the same exposure time of the deflected jet to the surface to be machined.

Depending on the application, the beam deflecting means may be designed in the manner of an arcuately shaped channel. Accordingly, the beam deflecting surface is formed to have a semi-circular cross-section having a diameter slightly larger than that of the collimated beam, which in turn is extruded on a sheet. In this embodiment, the beam after exiting the nozzle initially as bundled beam follows the beam path, hits the channel and is deflected by this and leaves the channel again as a focused beam, but in a different direction than the beam path, the beam after the exit from the opening of the nozzle follows. As a result, the beam continues to strike the surface to be processed over a small area.

Another advantage of the invention is that known, existing high-pressure water jet devices can be converted. For this purpose, in each case a Strahlumlenkmittelpositionierungseinrichtung is mounted with a beam deflection arranged thereon. The Strahlumlenkmittelpositionierungseinrichtung can be attached, for example by means of a lockable sleeve to a holder of the nozzle. By rotating the sleeve on the holder, the beam deflection means can be positioned both in the beam path and outside the beam path. With regard to the arrangement of the Strahlumlenkmittelpositionierungseinrichtung with the disposed thereon Strahlumlenkmittel to the high pressure water jet device a variety of different configurations is possible, which depend on the particular application.

In an expedient embodiment, the beam deflecting means is designed as a hollow body whose inner circumferential surface is at least partially the Strahlumlenkfläche.

The hollow body may for this purpose have an arbitrarily shaped cross-section, which is extruded along a path. Preferably, the hollow body has a circular or elliptical cross section, which is extruded along a straight line. The wall thickness of the hollow body is chosen inter alia as a function of the pressure range in which the high-pressure water jet device operates.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the hollow body is open at its ends lying in the direction of extrusion. In this way, it can be achieved that the jet emerging from the nozzle is deflected through the one opening, the inlet opening, into the interior of the hollow body, at the beam deflection surface, thus a section of the inner lateral surface of the hollow body, and then from the other opening, the outlet opening, emerges from the hollow body. In a further embodiment, however, it can also be provided that the nozzle is arranged in the interior of the hollow body.

An advantage of this configuration is that in contrast to the use of a Strahlumlenkfläche is formed as a plane or slightly curved surface, and the part of the medium for processing the surface to be processed is used, which is otherwise deflected in a direction away from the surface to be machined, since it is deflected from the inner circumferential surface towards the outlet opening. In addition, it is advantageous for processing the wall surfaces of channels, since a full beam deflecting surface and thus complete protection of the surface to be processed can be available and, moreover, their pivoting with the beam is not required.

In a further expedient refinement, provision can be made for the jet deflecting surface to be detachably arranged on the beam deflecting means.

The detachable arrangement of the Strahlumlenkfläche can be achieved that it can be replaced without replacing the entire Strahlumlenkmittel. This is advantageous because wear of the Strahlumlenkfläche can occur due to the medium under maximum pressure. The Strahlumlenkfläche can be detachably connected for example by a screw and / or clamp connection with the Strahlumlenkmittel. Suitable materials for the Strahlumlenkfläche are in particular stainless steel, sapphire or hard metal, with a combination of these materials and other suitable materials is possible.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is provided that at least the Strahlumlenkfläche is elastically deformable.

This is advantageous if the Strahlumlenkfläche is brought by means of the Strahlumlenkmittelpositionierungseinrichtung in contact with the surface to be machined. Due to the elastic material property of the Strahlumlenkfläche, ie return to its original shape after deformation, the Strahlumlenkfläche the contour of the surface to be machined can be adjusted. By this application to the surface to be machined, the effect of the deflected beam on the surface to be machined, for example on the adhesions, can be improved, since the angle between the deflected beam and the already machined surface can be minimized in this way or the parallel course the beam is achieved. Furthermore, it is thus achieved that the deflected jet has a fan-shaped shape that corresponds to the contour of the already processed surface, so that an optimal linear machining of the surface to be processed is possible.

The elastic deformability can be achieved for example by the fact that the Strahlumlenkfläche is made of spring steel or at least partially has spring steel, the spring steel may also be cured.

In order that the beam deflecting surface adapts to the contour of the surface to be processed as soon as the beam deflecting surface is brought into contact with the surface to be processed, it can be provided in one embodiment that the beam deflecting surface has a plurality of laminations elastically mounted on the beam deflecting means. By bringing into contact with the surface to be machined, the relative position of adjacent lamellae is changed. In this case, the lamellae themselves can be designed to be elastic. After releasing the contact of the Strahlumlenkfläche and the surface to be processed, the slats return to their original shape and / or position as before the contact back.

In a further expedient embodiment it can be provided that the beam deflection means positioning device has a linear actuator for positioning the Strahlumlenkmittels relative to the surface to be machined with a direction of action to be machined surface, so that the required position and the required angle of Strahlumlenkfläche precise and reproducible and automatable Adjusted, removed again and can be maintained under the action of the beam. Known and suitable are various pneumatic, hydraulic, mechanical or electrical actuators, such as rail systems with suitable drive for running on it carriages or brackets, air or hydraulic cylinders or a spindle drive.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the nozzle is designed to be movable relative to the beam deflection means by means of a nozzle positioning device.

For this purpose, the nozzle positioning device is arranged on the high-pressure water jet device, so that the nozzle is movable relative to the Strahlumlenkmittel. Since the beam deflection means is self-positionable by means of the beam deflection means positioning means, both the nozzle and the beam deflection means are positionable relative to the surface to be processed. This makes it possible to block the relative movement between the nozzle and Strahlumlenkmittel so that the Strahlumlenkmittel always follows the movement of the nozzle.

In a further expedient embodiment it can be provided that the high-pressure water jet device comprises a motorized carriage, on which a nozzle positioning device with the nozzle and the Strahlumlenkmittelpositionierungseinrichtung are arranged with the Strahlumlenkmittel.

In this way, further automation of the high-pressure water jet device can be achieved. For this purpose, the carriage may for example have an electric drive, by means of which the carriage is movable relative to the surface to be machined. For example, the trolley may stand on wheels or chains on the surface. In this way it can also be achieved that the high-pressure water jet device can be remotely controlled from a greater distance to the surface to be processed by, for example, a partially bidirectional media supply is provided by means of which the high-pressure water jet device with the carriage with the required media, such as electrical energy, control signals, the medium for the beam and data is supplied.

It is provided in a further advantageous embodiment that the nozzle by means of Nozzle positioning device is formed pivotable about an axis parallel to the travel of the trolley. Furthermore, it is provided in a further embodiment that the Strahlumlenkmittel by means of Strahlumlenkmittelpositionierungseinrichtung is pivotable about an axis parallel to the track of the trolley, whereby they are equipped for different requirements with regard to the positioning of the nozzle and Strahlumlenkmittel, in particular for the channel cleaning.

For these embodiments, it can be provided, for example, that the nozzle positioning device and the beam deflection center positioning device each have an electric rotary drive whose axes of rotation are arranged parallel to the travel path of the trolley. The independently operated rotary actuators pivot preferably at an angle greater than 360 °, further preferably at an angle of greater than 400 ° about an axis parallel to the travel path of the trolley. Alternatively, the beam deflecting device can also be fixedly connected to the nozzle holder, so that both can always be pivoted together and excluded, that the jet laterally hits the beam deflecting surface on the already processed surface.

There is also proposed a channel cleaning device for cleaning a channel with a high-pressure water jet device according to the invention.

It has been found that the high-pressure water jet device according to the invention, which operates in the range from greater than 500 bar to about 3000 bar, is advantageously suitable for the cleaning of open and closed channels. A closed channel is characterized in that it is fully closed, but at least it has an opening to get into the channel. In a Design is the sewer cleaning device especially for closed channels, even those that do not allow access for an operator of the sewer cleaning device. Especially in the latter case, the sewer cleaning device on a carriage, which can enter the channel. By means of the media supply from outside the channel is then a processing of the inner surface of the channel, for example, their cleaning possible, with positioning and movement of the nozzle and Strahlumlenkfläche and the processing can be observed and controlled by camera on the carriage or the nozzle holder. Such carriages are known in various designs.

According to a further embodiment, it has proved to be advantageous for a precise positioning during the treatment, when the high-pressure water jet device comprises a support device which can be pressed against the duct wall. For example, the jet deflection surface on the currently machined side of the channel and the support device on the opposite side can thus be pressed against the channel wall, so that the device is braced in the channel. Alternatively, the support device also interact with the carriage associated with fixation in the channel.

The object is further achieved by a high-pressure water jet method for processing a surface comprising generating a jet beam following a directed beam path of a liquid medium under maximum pressure in the range of greater than 500 bar to about 3000 bar by means of a nozzle and the directing of the beam the surface to be processed.

The high-pressure water jet method is characterized in that the jet deflected after exiting the nozzle and before hitting the surface to be machined becomes. The deflection is carried out according to the invention such that the beam in a compared to the beam without Strahlumlenkmittel, more acute impact on the surface to be machined or alternatively runs in a parallel direction, as described above, the directional relationships between the beam and surface always on the already processed surface is related, as this is not or at least not clearly possible by the adhesions for the surface still to be processed. The deflection of the beam has been described in detail above for the device which is suitable for carrying out the method, so that reference is also made to the statements therein.

By deflecting the jet is achieved that the medium under maximum pressure after it has emerged as a jet from an opening of the nozzle, does not directly meet the surface to be machined, but rather is deflected before its impact, with the deflection both the direction of the deflected beam is variable relative to the jet emerging from the nozzle and the shape of the deflected beam.

It is advantageous if the bundled beam emerging from the nozzle is deflected completely before striking the surface to be processed. As a result, on the one hand damage to the already machined surface avoided by direct impact of the beam and on the other hand, the amount of available medium best exploited.

In addition, this processing effect of the jet on the surface to be processed can even be increased. This is possible according to the invention in that the beam impinges on the surface to be processed through the deflection at the beam deflection surface at a more acute angle of incidence.

In one embodiment of the method, it is provided that the beam is deflected in a direction parallel to the already processed surface.

In that the deflected beam is substantially, i. With minimal possible deviations, running parallel to the already processed surface, it is achieved that the deflected beam does not hit the already processed surface to a damaging extent. In this way, damage to the already processed surface by direct impact of the deflected, under maximum pressure medium of the beam can be completely avoided.

In a further embodiment of the method it is provided that the jet is deflected after emerging from the nozzle and before hitting the surface to be processed to form a flat or curved fan beam.

As a result of this, the jet does not impinge punctiformly but linearly on the surface to be processed, as a result of which a larger portion of the surface can be processed in comparison with punctiform machining during an identical reaction time of the deflected jet.

In a further embodiment of the method, it is provided that the deflection of the beam takes place by means of a beam deflecting surface, wherein the beam is always deflected by the beam deflecting surface relative to the surface to be processed during a movement of the beam deflecting surface.

In this way, the jet emerging from the nozzle can initially be aligned arbitrarily relative to the surface to be processed. This embodiment of the method includes that the movement of the beam deflection surface is synchronized with the alignment of the jet emerging from the nozzle relative to the already processed surface, and thereby Beam is deflected by the Strahlumlenkfläche without directly touching or damaging them.

In an expedient embodiment of the method, it is provided that the deflection of the beam takes place by means of a beam deflecting surface which is brought into contact with the already processed surface during processing.

By bringing the jet deflection surface into contact with the already processed surface, a spatial proximity between the deflection and the impact of the deflected jet on the surface to be processed is achieved, whereby the effect of the deflected jet on the surface to be processed is improved.

It is also expedient that the beam deflecting surface is deformed while being brought into contact with the already machined surface.

By deforming the Strahlumlenkfläche by bringing the Strahlumlenkfläche in contact with the already machined surface, the Strahlumlenkfläche can create the contour of the already machined surface and adapt to this contour. By this application, the effect of the deflected beam on the surface to be machined, for example on the adhesions, can be improved, since the angle between the deflected beam and the already machined surface can thus be minimized. Furthermore, it is thus achieved that the deflected jet has a fan-shaped shape that corresponds to the contour of the already processed surface, so that an optimal linear machining of the surface to be processed is possible.

Fig. 1a

eine Seitenansicht einer Höchstdruck-Wasserstrahlvorrichtung in Arbeitsstellung in einem Kanal und

Fig. 1b

eine Vorderansicht der Höchstdruck-Wasserstrahlvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1a in dem Kanal.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. This shows

Fig. 1a

a side view of a high-pressure water jet device in working position in a channel and

Fig. 1b

a front view of the high-pressure water jet device according to Fig. 1a in the channel.

The Fig. 1a and 1b show one and the same high pressure water jet device in working position. For the sake of better representability is in Fig. 1a and 1b only the channel 1 shown cut. In this embodiment, the high-pressure water jet device is suitable for cleaning an inner surface 11 of a closed channel 1. A closed channel 1 is characterized in that it is fully closed, but at least one opening, so that the high-pressure water jet device in the Channel 1 can be spent. With the high-pressure water jet device, which operate in the range of greater than 500 bar to about 3000 bar, persistent buildup 8 on the surface 11 of the channel 1 can be reliably removed without damaging the surface 11 itself. In the following illustration, a distinction is made between a surface 11 and its attachments 8, so that the surface designated here by the reference numeral 11 is comparable to the previously processed surface.

The high-pressure water jet device is arranged on a carriage 7 and forms an inventive embodiment of a sewer cleaning device. The carriage 7 has a drive, not shown, by means of which the carriage 7 is movable within the channel 1 along a guideway 75. In the working position, ie during the processing of the adhesions 8 of the surface 11 by means of the medium under extreme pressure, the carriage 7 is, however, at rest. The in Fig. 1b shown arrow to the right here is the forward direction of the High pressure water jet device represent, while the left arrow represents the rearward travel path 75. In this embodiment, the carriage 7 by means of four driven by the drive wheels 73 in the channel 1 is movable. It is provided that the wheels 73 are arranged interchangeably on the carriage 7 in order to use the high-pressure water jet device in channels 1 with other cross sections, including smaller or larger wheels 73 would be advantageous. In another embodiment, it is provided that the carriage 7 moves by means of chains in the channel 1. A camera 72 for monitoring the interior of the channel 1 in the direction of the travel path 75 is likewise arranged on the carriage 7. For clarity, the camera is 72 in Fig. 1a Not shown. It is also possible to provide a plurality of cameras 72 for the forward and backward observation of the channel 1.

The carriage 7 is connected by means of a media supply 71 with a media supply device, not shown. Via the media supply 71 all the media required by the high-pressure water jet device and the carriage 7 are transmitted. By means of the media supply 71 of the carriage 7 can be supplied with electrical energy as well as with control signals, for example, for the control of the drive, not shown. Furthermore, via the media supply 71, the data of the camera 72 can be transmitted to an evaluation unit, not shown. By means of the media supply 71 is also the high-pressure water jet device with a liquid, extremely high pressure medium, such as water, which may be additionally provided with a Abrassivmittel supplied. In the illustrated embodiment, the supply of the liquid medium takes place directly to the nozzle positioning device 8, while all the media required for the carriage 7 via a separate line be led directly to this. Other embodiments of the media supply are possible, for example, a leading only to the carriage 7 media supply, in which the liquid medium is passed through the car. The pump, not shown, for generating the maximum pressure of the medium can be arranged for this purpose in the media supply device, also not shown, or separately from this.

The high-pressure water jet device further comprises a nozzle 2 arranged in the working direction with an opening 21. The medium produced by means of the pump (not shown) is guided by means of the media supply 71 to the opening 21 of the nozzle 2. In another embodiment, the nozzle 2 has a plurality of openings 21. It may also be provided to arrange a plurality of nozzles 2 on the high-pressure water jet device. In addition, a nozzle positioning device 6 is provided, by means of which the nozzle 2 is designed to be pivotable about an axis parallel to the travel path 75.

The high-pressure water jet device further comprises a beam deflection means 4 arranged in the working direction. The beam deflection means 4 is arranged in this exemplary embodiment on a beam deflection means positioning device 5 which is designed with a holder (not illustrated) for the beam deflection means 4. The holder is in the embodiment by means of air motor (not shown) on a linear rail system 51 movable. Due to the design of the linear rail system 51, the holder has a direction of action 511 directed toward the surface 11 with a double arrow. By means of the rail system 51, a beam deflection surface 41 arranged on the beam deflection means 4 can thus be moved toward the surface 11 and also away from the surface 11. The beam deflection means positioning means 5 is formed so that the beam deflection 4 and thus the Beam deflection 41 is pivotable about an axis parallel to the track 75. In the working position the Strahlumlenkfläche 41 with the inner surface 11 of the channel 1 can be brought into contact.

On carriage 7, a movable in the direction of the surface 11 pressure plate 74 is also arranged, by means of which the carriage 7 in the working position in the channel 1 against unintentional rolling away, for example by the reaction force exiting from the nozzle 2, under maximum pressure medium secured can be by pressing the pressure plate 74 against the surface 11 of the channel 1 and held.

Further, a support means 76 is disposed on the Strahlumlenkmittelpositionierungseinrichtung. The support means 76 includes a non-illustrated drive, so that the support means 76 can be brought into contact with the inner surface 11 of the channel 1 when the high-pressure water jet device is in the working position. Beam deflection surface 41 and support 76 act in opposite directions on the surface 11 of the channel 1, whereby the beam deflection surface 41 and likewise the trolley 7 are held particularly secure in the working position. If the high-pressure water jet device is moved by means of the trolley 7, ie if the high-pressure water jet device is not in the working position, there is no contact between the surface 11 and the pressure plate 74 and between the surface 11 and the support device 76. The support 74 can be like in Fig. 1a also have shown several supports, which are each separately brought into contact with the surface 11 in contact.

Alternatively, it may be provided that on carriage 7 no pressure plate 74 and no support means 76, but a fixing pad for holding the trolley 75 in the channel first is provided. Such a fixing pad is for example of DE 20 2014 000 026 U1 , which is hereby incorporated by reference. The Fixierpolster can be filled with a medium, so that it squeezes in the channel 1 without the channel 1 but to block.

By means of the high-pressure water jet device, a high-pressure water jet method for processing an adhering surface 8 having 11 can be performed. For this purpose, the medium produced by means of the pump, not shown, under the highest pressure in the range from greater than 500 bar to about 3000 bar, is directed by means of the media supply 71 to the opening 21 of the nozzle 2. By means of the nozzle 2, a directed beam path following, bundled beam 3 of the liquid, under maximum pressure medium is generated. In this beam path, the beam deflection surface 41 of the beam deflection means 4 can be positioned by means of the beam deflection means positioning device 5 towards the at least one opening 21 in the beam path. The Strahlumlenkfläche 41 is formed in this embodiment as an elastic spring plate. According to the high-pressure water jet method, it is provided that the jet 3 is deflected after exiting the nozzle 2 and before striking the adherences 8 of the surface 11. As a result, two different technical effects are achieved. On the one hand, the fact that the focused beam 3 is completely deflected by the beam deflection surface 41 prevents the beam 3 from striking the surface 11 directly, so that damage to the surface 11 by the medium under maximum pressure is avoided. On the other hand, the beam 3 changes by deflecting at least its direction, in this embodiment also its shape. The change in the direction of the beam 3 takes place in a direction whose angle to the surface 11 is more acute than the angle of the beam path of the emerging from the nozzle 2 under maximum pressure medium. By At this more acute angle it can be achieved that adhesions 8, similar to a scraper, can be cut from the surface 11, minimizing the momentum of the deflected beam 3 on the surface 11 and thus avoiding damage to the surface 11.

The Strahlumlenkfläche 41 is in this embodiment in the unformed state, not shown, a plane. The beam path and the normal of this plane include an angle of preferably greater than or equal to 60 °. By means of the beam deflection means positioning device 5, the beam deflection surface 41 is in accordance with Fig. 1a and 1b in the working position in contact with the surface 11, whereby the Strahlumlenkfläche 41 deformed and takes the contour of the surface 11.

When the collimated beam 3 strikes the beam deflection surface 41, the collimated beam 3 is distributed in a fan shape. Since the beam path shows at least partially in the working direction, the fan-shaped distribution is also carried out by the conservation of momentum substantially in the working direction. The fan-shaped distribution takes place in a plane congruent with the beam deflection surface 41. Furthermore, due to the fan-shaped distribution, there is a transition from a punctiform processing to a line-like processing.

With regard to the shape of the beam deflection surface 41, it can be provided in another embodiment that, in the undeformed state, it is not formed as a plane but as a surface that is curved once or several times. In a further embodiment it is further provided that the Strahlumlenkfläche 41 is the inner circumferential surface of a hollow body, wherein the hollow body has an inlet opening and an outlet opening. The hollow body can be designed so that it is only slightly smaller than the cross section of the channel. 1

The shape of the beam deflection surface 41 can be influenced in different ways, which can also overlap one another. On the one hand, the beam deflection surface 41 can already be deformed by the impulse of the beam 3, so that, for example, a concave beam deflection surface 41 is set. On the other hand, the Strahlumlenkfläche 41, as described above and in Fig. 1a and 1b are also changed in shape by being brought into contact with the surface 11 by means of the beam deflection means positioning means 5. In other words, by bringing the beam deflection surface 41 into contact with the surface 11, the shape of the beam deflection surface 41 is actively changed to the beam deflection surface 41 even without the action of the beam 3. The advantage of this is that the beam deflection surface 41 can rest against the surface 11, so that the shape of the beam deflection surface is congruent with the shape of the surface 11.

By means of the nozzle positioning device 6 and the Strahlumlenkmittelpositionierungseinrichtung 5, the nozzle 2 and the Strahlumlenkfläche 41 are independently movable and positionable, but their movement is also synchronized, so that the beam 3 is completely deflected by the Strahlumlenkfläche 41 at any time. This is advantageous, for example, when the high-pressure water jet device is in the working position, but the beam deflection surface 41 is not in contact with the surface 11.

It can also be provided that the beam deflection surface 41 is used to remove attachments 8 mechanically from the surface 11 of the channel, ie without the jet 3 emerging from the nozzle 2. In other words, adhesions 8 can also be separated directly from the surface 11, for example by means of the beam deflection surface 41.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

channel

11

surface

2

jet

21

opening

3

beam

4

beam deflection

41

Strahlumlenkfläche

5

Strahlumlenkmittelpositionierungseinrichtung

51

Linear Rail System

511

effective direction

6

Nozzle positioning device

7

trolley

71

media supply

72

camera

73

bikes

74

platen

75

roadway

76

support means

8th

attachment

Claims (15)

1. Ultra-high-pressure water-jet apparatus for removing coatings, adhesions or constituents from a surface, referred as surface to be treated, comprising a nozzle (2) having at least one opening (21) for creating a jet (3), following a directed jet path, of a liquid medium under ultra high pressure in the range of greater than 500 bar to 3000 bar, characterized in that a jet deflection means (4), which has a jet deflection face (41) that is positionable in the jet path in a manner facing the at least one opening (21), is positionable in the jet path by means of a jet-deflection-means positioning device (5) such that, after exiting the nozzle (2) and before striking a surface to be treated, the jet (3) is deflectable by means of the jet deflection face (41), positioned in the jet path, of the jet deflection means (4), such that the jet (3) strikes the surface at a more acute striking angle compared with the jet path without any jet deflection means (4), or runs in a direction parallel to the surface.
2. Ultra-high-pressure water-jet apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the jet deflection means (4) is in the form of a hollow body, at least some of the inner lateral surface of which is the jet deflection face (41).
3. Ultra-high-pressure water-jet apparatus according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the jet deflection face (41) is elastically deformable.
4. Ultra-high-pressure water-jet apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the jet-deflection-means positioning device (5) has a linear actuator for positioning the jet deflection means (4) with an effective direction (511) to the surface.
5. Ultra-high-pressure water-jet apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ultra-high-pressure water-jet apparatus comprises a motor-driven carriage (7), on which a nozzle positioning device (6) with the nozzle (2) and the jet-deflection-means positioning device (5) with the jet deflection means (4) are arranged.
6. Ultra-high-pressure water-jet apparatus according to Claim 5, characterized in that the nozzle (2) is configured to be pivotable about an axis parallel to the path (75) of the carriage (7) by means of the nozzle positioning device (6) and/or the jet deflection means (4) is configured to be pivotable about an axis parallel to the path (75) of the carriage (7) by means of the jet-deflection-means positioning device (5).
7. Ultra-high-pressure water-jet apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the striking angle and/or the angle at which the jet emerging from the nozzle and following the jet path strikes the jet deflection face and which lies between the jet path and a surface normal to the jet deflection face is in a range of greater than 0° to less than or equal to 30° or in a range of greater than 0° to less than or equal to 60°.
8. Sewer cleaning apparatus for cleaning a sewer, characterized in that the sewer cleaning apparatus comprises an ultra-high-pressure water-jet apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 7.
9. Sewer cleaning apparatus according to Claim 8, characterized in that the ultra-high-pressure water-jet apparatus comprises a support device (76) which is pressable against the sewer wall.
10. Ultra-high-pressure water-jetting method for removing coatings, adhesions or constituents from a surface, referred as surface to be treated, comprising

    • the creation of a jet (3), following a directed jet path, of a liquid medium under ultra high pressure in the range of greater than 500 bar to 3000 bar by means of a nozzle (2),

    • directing the jet onto the surface to be treated,

    characterized in that, after exiting the nozzle (2) and before striking the surface to be treated, the jet (3) is deflected by means of a jet deflection means (4), positioned in the jet path, such that the jet (3) strikes the surface at a more acute striking angle compared with the jet path without any jet deflection means (4), or runs in a direction parallel to the surface.
11. Ultra-high-pressure water-jetting method according to Claim 10, characterized in that, after exiting the nozzle (2) and before striking the surface to be treated, the jet (3) is deflected, forming a level or curved fan jet.
12. Ultra-high-pressure water-jetting method according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the jet (3) is deflected by means of a jet deflection face (41), wherein, while the jet deflection face (41) is being moved relative to the surface to be treated, the jet (3) is continuously deflected by the jet deflection face (41).
13. Ultra-high-pressure water-jetting method according to one of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the jet (3) is deflected by means of a jet deflection face (41) which is brought into contact with the surface while the surface is being treated.
14. Ultra-high-pressure water-jetting method according to Claim 13, characterized in that the jet deflection face (41) is deformed as a result of the contact with the surface.
15. Ultra-high-pressure water-jetting method according to one of Claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the striking angle and/or the angle at which the jet emerging from the nozzle and following the jet path strikes the jet deflection face and which lies between the jet path and a surface normal to the jet deflection face is in a range of greater than 0° to less than or equal to 30° or in a range of greater than 0° to less than or equal to 60°.

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