EP3015612B1 - Wall element of a structure having two profiles and a foam panel - Google Patents
Wall element of a structure having two profiles and a foam panel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3015612B1 EP3015612B1 EP15192041.0A EP15192041A EP3015612B1 EP 3015612 B1 EP3015612 B1 EP 3015612B1 EP 15192041 A EP15192041 A EP 15192041A EP 3015612 B1 EP3015612 B1 EP 3015612B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- narrow
- steel
- supporting
- plate
- profiles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C3/06—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
- E04C3/07—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B2001/2466—Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2469—Profile with an array of connection holes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
- E04C2003/0439—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the cross-section comprising open parts and hollow parts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
- E04C2003/0478—X-shaped
Definitions
- the invention relates to a wall element of a structure, comprising two rigid, elongate, structural, supporting steel profiles, each having an internal cavity extending along a longitudinal axis of the steel profile and open at the profile ends, which is constant over its entire length
- a wall element comprising two rigid, elongate, structural, supporting steel profiles, each having an internal cavity extending along a longitudinal axis of the steel profile and open at the profile ends, which is constant over its entire length
- the cross section has eight rectangular outer corners and four rectangular inner corners, between two adjacent outer corners each have a support surface between an outer corner and an adjacent inner corner each having a mounting surface
- the cross section has a rotational symmetry of 90 ° and each mounting surface a regularly arranged row of holes
- a plate which is connected to the steel profiles and has the narrow surfaces.
- Such a wall element is from the WO / BE2013 / 000030 known.
- the plate is connected to support surfaces of the steel profiles, which lie in a common plane.
- the invention relates to steel skeleton construction.
- the structure of a building is built in skeleton construction with steel girders.
- steel girders In the skeleton building walls and ceilings are inserted, which allow to close the open surfaces of the skeleton.
- the invention is not aimed at larger buildings or even skyscrapers, as they are typically built in steel skeleton construction in the US, but on smaller structures, in particular extensions to existing buildings, penthouses, carports, schools and offices. Preferably, it focuses on one-story buildings.
- US Pat. No. 7,823,347 B1 is known a steel profile, which is suitable for lighter structures. It is a tube to the outside evenly distributed four strips are set, which are in cross shape to each other. These strips have regularly arranged rows of holes. Said document describes wall panels which are arranged between two vertical steel profiles and are connected to these via additional mounting parts. There is a gap between the wall plates and the steel profiles.
- Foam sheets are generally considered as filler. They are excellent in terms of thermal insulation, they are also very light in weight, but can absorb only small forces. For the latter, the steel skeleton is responsible.
- the present invention seeks to provide a wall element of a building, which has an easy to create, from home tight connection between the plate and steel profile.
- the adhesive seam Due to the adhesive seam, the plate and the adjacent steel profile are firmly and tightly connected.
- the adhesive seam can be produced quickly and easily. A skilled worker can create several meters of adhesive seam in a short time.
- a common construction adhesive is used, which is applied cold.
- a polymer adhesive for example TEC 7 from Novatech N.V., Olen, Belgium, is used, which is applied with a pressure gun.
- the positive connection between the support surfaces and the plate is effective, because so compressive stresses can be absorbed
- the adhesive seam is effective, because they tensile and shear stresses can be transmitted. It is therefore not only important for the seal that plate and steel profiles are in direct contact, possibly via an intermediate adhesive seam, this direct contact is also advantageous for the load bearing.
- the space between the two steel profiles is used to accommodate the plate.
- Wall elements of the type described can be created relatively quickly, the installation is simple and feasible with less experienced craftsmen and with little effort on tools.
- the wall element can be further processed outside and inside by conventional methods, for example by applying an additional outer or inner plate, as in Fig. 5 of the WO / BE2013 / 000030 A1 , a protective layer, an acoustic insulating layer, etc .. Interstices between the narrow surfaces of the plate, the adhesive seam and the steel profile allow the insertion of electrical cables, etc ..
- the hard foam board has a thickness at least equal to the width of the support surface.
- the thickness of the foam plate is equal to the width of the steel profile.
- the thickness of the foam sheet is in the range between the width of the support surface and the width of the steel profile. Thicknesses of the foam plate greater than the width of the steel profile are possible.
- PS polystyrene rigid foam
- EPS polystyrene particle foam
- XPS polystyrene extruder foam
- other foam materials for the plates are possible, for example Polyuretanschaum.
- the wall elements can absorb significant deformations, so that they remain stable in particular during earthquakes.
- the thermal insulation can be widely adapted to the respective requirements, due to the extensive Using sheets of foam, a large-area thermal insulation is achieved. Only for the steel carrier having a smaller area proportion must a special thermal insulation be provided, as is known from the prior art.
- the insulation against noise, so the acoustic insulation can be achieved by special measures, such as additional insulating layers. Since the plates contribute to the stability of the wall element, can be dispensed with diagonal struts, etc., in any case, less diagonal struts are necessary than in the prior art and also in the event that no adhesive bond between the plates and the steel beams.
- the hard foam board is surrounded on at least three sides by steel profiles and also connected to the third steel profile via at least one adhesive seam.
- the plate is surrounded on all four narrow sides of steel profiles and connected all around at least one adhesive seam. The fact that the plate is clamped in a frame of steel beams, the overall result is a high load capacity of the device produced in this way.
- the narrow face of the hard foam board is either in direct contact with a support surface of a steel profile or at a very small distance, e.g. 2 to 8, in particular 2 to 4 mm away from this support surface.
- the plate should be slightly thicker than the width of the support surface amounts.
- the plate is connected via a fillet weld of adhesive with the mounting surface directly adjacent to the support surface.
- the adhesive fills the narrow gap between the narrow surface of the hard plastic plate and the support surface. It is advantageous to arrange previously small spacer elements between the narrow surface and the support surface, so before introducing the adhesive, the plate already has a predetermined, fixed position and the narrow gap is defined.
- the steel profiles used in the WO / BE2013 / 000030 are described. They have four planes of symmetry, each determined by the longitudinal axis and either by an inner corner or by the middle between two adjacent outer corners.
- This in FIG. 1 wall element shown has three rigid, parallel, supporting steel sections 20, which are identical.
- This steel profile 20 has a longitudinal axis 22nd
- the description uses right-handed x-y-z coordinate system.
- the x-axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis 22.
- the y-axis is parallel to the width of the wall element, the z-axis parallel to the thickness.
- the profile shape of the steel profiles 20 used is, for example FIG. 2 seen. Since this shows in an oblique to the longitudinal axis 22 performed section, the cross section appears distorted.
- the section plane II-II is parallel to the z-axis and at an angle of 45 ° to the x-axis.
- a width B of the profile extends parallel to the y-axis and is equal in cross-section to the length L of the profile. The latter extends parallel to the z-axis.
- the steel profiles 20 are open at both profile ends. They have a constant cross section over the length.
- the cross section is in the yz plane.
- the cross-section has a rotational symmetry of 90 °. It has eight right-angled outer corners 24 and four right-angled inner corners 26.
- a support surface 28 Between two adjacent outer corners 24 is in each case a support surface 28. Overall, four support surfaces 28 are present. Between an outer corner 24 and the immediately adjacent inner corner 26 is in each case a mounting surface 30. There are a total of eight mounting surfaces available. All support surfaces 28 and all mounting surfaces 30 are identical, the surfaces 28, 30 are flat.
- each mounting surface 30 a regularly arranged row of holes 32 is provided, which extends over the entire profile length.
- the rows of holes 32 all run parallel to the x-direction.
- the holes of parallel mounting surfaces 30 extending from the same support surface 28, are aligned.
- the holes of all rows of holes 32 are each in common in cross-sectional planes, which are spaced apart in the distance of the holes in the x direction.
- a plate 34 made of hard foam The foam has a deformation resistance in the compression test, namely compression stress at 10% compression, of more than 70, in particular more than 100 kPa and preferably more than 200 kPa.
- FIG. 1 two such plates 34, which are identical.
- the plates 34 have vertically extending narrow surfaces 36. They are parallel to the xz plane.
- a narrow surface 36 in the immediate vicinity of a support surface 28 between both a gap 38 is present, which is two to eight, preferably two to four millimeters wide. He is filled with an adhesive.
- the adhesive forms an adhesive seam 40 which completely fills the gap 38.
- the three steel profiles 20 are interconnected by an upper profile 42 and by a lower profile 44 at their respective profile ends. These profiles have a longitudinal axis that is parallel to the y-axis.
- fasteners are used, as described in the introduction WO / BE 2013/000030 are known.
- the profiles 42, 44 the same profile material as for the steel profiles 20 is used.
- the arrangement of the steel profiles 20 and the upper and lower profiles 42, 44 forms in FIG. 1 a double frame. This limits two interiors. These are completely filled by the two plates 34.
- the steel profiles 20 are first connected to the upper profile 42 and the lower profile 44, so that a skeleton is obtained.
- a plate 34 is now each introduced.
- spacer elements 46 are provided. These are narrow cuboids, which have the width of the gap 38. They are about 5 to 20 mm high in the x-direction, in the z-direction they have at least the dimension of the gap 38. Suffice per profile 20, 42, 44 a few such spacers 46.
- the spacer elements 46 at least some of realized by two wedge-shaped parts that can be pushed together so that the distance can be adjusted and the plate 34 can be clamped in this way in the frame, which limits an interior space.
- the aim is that the plates 34 are mechanically held firmly in the adjacent profiles 20, 42 and 44 before the adhesive is applied. This applies to all embodiments. In particular, the plates 34 are held between the steel profiles 20.
- the plate 34 is in the frame, at least between two steel sections 20, positioned that it is fixed, but also so that the narrow surface 36 are aligned with the steel sections 20 and possibly the other profiles 42, 44, like this FIG. 2 shows.
- the adhesive seams 40 can now be applied.
- the adhesive seams 40 exclusively between the steel sections 20 and the narrow surfaces 36. They fill the column 38 from. It is possible to leave the spacer elements 46 in place, but they can also be removed if the adhesive seam 40 is made so far that the plate 34 is fixed even without the aid of the spacer elements 46. It is possible to fill the vacated space with adhesive after removal of the spacer elements 46.
- the cross section of the profiles 20, 42, 44 has a width B and a thickness D of 75 mm.
- the width of a mounting surface 30 corresponds to the width of a support surface 28.
- the plates 34 each have a thickness that corresponds to the thickness D of the steel profile 20.
- the access to a gap 38 or to the inner corners, in which the fillet weld is performed, remains free, because the adjacent mounting surface 30 in the z-direction is one third of the thickness D opposite outer surfaces 50 of the plates 34.
- These surfaces 50 lie on each side of the component in the same plane as the supporting surfaces of the same side running in the xy plane.
- a plaster layer 48 which is applied to the surface 50.
- the material of the plaster layer 48 on the one hand covers outer surfaces 50 of the plates 34, but on the other hand also the steel profiles 20 and in particular elongated spaces 52 fills, inter alia, of a narrow surface 36 and the adhesive seam 40, otherwise of that mounting surface 30, with the adhesive seam in contact or in the immediate vicinity and is bounded at right angles to this adjacent mounting surface 30.
- the two profiles 42, 44 are each connected to corresponding surfaces of the plate 34, which are in their vicinity, by adhesive seams 40, it is here just as a geometry achieved, as described for the connection of the steel profiles 20 with the plate 34.
- acoustic insulation layer 54 is on the outer side in addition to the plaster layer 48 two more layers applied, namely on the one hand an acoustic insulation layer 54 and on this and further outside a Putzlage 46.
- the latter can be created from the material of the plaster layer 48, but it can also be a act other cleaning material, eg exterior plaster.
- acoustic insulation layer 54 fibreboard, chipboard and in particular a recycled material can be used, as offered by the applicant under ACCORUB. It is used for acoustic insulation in the construction sector, see www.isola.be . It is polyurethane granules, which is summarized by means of a suitable adhesive to a mat.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 5 essentially corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 , In contrast to the latter, the seam 40 is now not applied in one operation, but in two separate operations.
- a first seam 58 is applied on one side as a fillet weld. Through them, the gap 58 is closed to one side. Specifically, it is closed in the embodiment on the inside of the device. The inside of the device lies in positive z-direction in front of the outside.
- the introduction of a second seam 60 is simplified. This is introduced in the concrete embodiment of the outside.
- the operator can see how he fills the gap 38 and how this looks from his side of work. But he can not see how it looks on the other side, how far out there the adhesive material from the gap 38 or not.
- the second seam 60 is formed on the inside uneven.
- the first seam 58 limits the filling of the material for the second seam 60 on the inside.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Wandelement eines Bauwerks, mit zwei starren, länglichen, strukturellen, tragenden Stahlprofilen, die jeweils einen inneren Hohlraum aufweisen, der sich entlang einer Längsachse des Stahlprofils erstreckt und an den Profilenden offen ist, die einen über die gesamte Länge konstanten Querschnitt aufweisen, wobei der Querschnitt acht rechtwinklige Außenecken und vier rechtwinklige Innenecken aufweist, sich zwischen zwei benachbarten Außenecken jeweils eine Stützfläche zwischen einer Außenecke und einer benachbarten Innenecke jeweils eine Montagefläche befindet, der Querschnitt eine Rotationssymmetrie um 90° und jede Montagefläche eine regelmäßig angeordnete Lochreihe aufweisen, und mit einer Platte, die mit den Stahlprofilen verbunden ist und die Schmalflächen aufweist. Ein derartiges Wandelement ist aus der
Die Erfindung betrifft den Stahlskelettbau. Dabei ist das Tragwerk eines Bauwerks im Skelettbau mit Stahlträgern errichtet. In den Skelettbau werden Wände und Decken eingefügt, die es erlauben, die offenen Flächen des Skeletts zu schließen.The invention relates to steel skeleton construction. The structure of a building is built in skeleton construction with steel girders. In the skeleton building walls and ceilings are inserted, which allow to close the open surfaces of the skeleton.
Die Erfindung zielt nicht auf größere Gebäude oder gar Hochhäuser, wie sie typischerweise im Stahlskelettbau in den USA errichtet werden, sondern auf kleinere Bauwerke, insbesondere Anbauten an vorhandene Bauwerke, Penthäuser, Carports, Schulen und Büros. Vorzugsweise richtet sie sich auf einstöckige Gebäude.The invention is not aimed at larger buildings or even skyscrapers, as they are typically built in steel skeleton construction in the US, but on smaller structures, in particular extensions to existing buildings, penthouses, carports, schools and offices. Preferably, it focuses on one-story buildings.
Aus
Man möchte als Platten möglichst solche Platten einsetzen, die eine hohe Wärmedämmung besitzen, wie z.B. Platten aus Schaumstoff. Für einen Einsatz von Platten aus Schaumstoff eignet sich das Stahlprofil nach der
Schaumstoffplatten werden im Allgemeinen als Füllelement angesehen. Sie sind hinsichtlich ihrer Wärmedämmung hervorragend, sie sind auch sehr leicht im Gewicht, können aber nur geringe Kräfte aufnehmen. Für letztere ist das Stahlskelett zuständig.Foam sheets are generally considered as filler. They are excellent in terms of thermal insulation, they are also very light in weight, but can absorb only small forces. For the latter, the steel skeleton is responsible.
Hiervon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Wandelement eines Bauwerks anzugeben, das eine einfach zu erstellende, von Hause aus dichte Verbindung zwischen Platte und Stahlprofil aufweist.On this basis, the present invention seeks to provide a wall element of a building, which has an easy to create, from home tight connection between the plate and steel profile.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Wandelement eines Bauwerks mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved by a wall element of a building with the features of claim 1.
Aufgrund der Klebenaht sind die Platte und das benachbarte Stahlprofil fest und dicht miteinander verbunden. Die Klebenaht lässt sich rasch und einfach herstellen. Ein geübter Arbeiter kann in kurzer Zeit mehrere Meter Klebenaht erstellen. Hierzu wird ein gängiger Baukleber verwendet, der kalt aufgetragen wird. Bevorzugt wird ein Polymerklebstoff, beispielsweise TEC 7 von Novatech N.V., Olen, Belgien, verwendet, der mit einer Druckpistole aufgetragen wird.Due to the adhesive seam, the plate and the adjacent steel profile are firmly and tightly connected. The adhesive seam can be produced quickly and easily. A skilled worker can create several meters of adhesive seam in a short time. For this purpose, a common construction adhesive is used, which is applied cold. Preferably, a polymer adhesive, for example TEC 7 from Novatech N.V., Olen, Belgium, is used, which is applied with a pressure gun.
Es hat sich überraschend herausgestellt, dass selbst bei einer schmalen Klebenaht ein fester Verbund zwischen der Platte aus hartem Schaumstoff und dem angrenzenden Stahlträger erreicht wird und die Platte erheblich mit zur Festigkeit des gesamten Wandelements und damit Bauwerks beiträgt. Die Schaumstoffplatte ist zwar lokal sehr einfach zu verletzen und damit schwach, sie kann beispielsweise mit einem Schraubenzieher leicht durchstochen werden, eine lange Klebenaht, wie sie bei geschosshohen Wandelementen zwangsläufig vorliegt, ermöglicht aber überraschenderweise die Übertragung hoher Kräfte, so dass die Einheit aus zwei Stahlträgern und dazwischen angeordneter Platte aus Hartschaumstoff insgesamt eine hohe Belastbarkeit aufweist. Dies gilt insbesondere in Belastungsrichtungen, die nicht vertikal verlaufen, beispielsweise in diagonaler oder seitlicher Richtung. Die Platte stützt das reine Stahlskelett wirksam gegen seitliche Verschiebebewegungen ab. Hierbei ist einerseits der Formschluss zwischen den Stützflächen und der Platte wirksam, denn so können Druckspannungen aufgenommen werden, andererseits ist die Klebenaht wirksam, denn durch sie können Zug- und Schubspannungen übertragen werden. Es ist also nicht nur für die Abdichtung wichtig, dass sich Platte und Stahlprofile in unmittelbarem Kontakt, ggf. über eine zwischenliegende Klebenaht befinden, dieser unmittelbare Kontakt ist auch für die Lastaufnahme vorteilhaft. Vorteilhaft wird der Raum zwischen den beiden Stahlprofilen für die Unterbringung der Platte genutzt.It has surprisingly been found that even with a narrow adhesive seam a firm bond between the hard foam board and the adjacent steel beam is achieved and the board contributes significantly to the strength of the entire wall element and thus building. Although the foam board is very easy to hurt locally and thus weak, they can easily be pierced, for example with a screwdriver, a long adhesive seam, as inevitably present at floor-high wall elements, but surprisingly allows the transmission of high forces, so that the unit of two steel beams and disposed therebetween plate of rigid foam has a high overall load capacity. This is especially true in load directions that are not vertical, for example in diagonal or lateral direction. The plate effectively supports the pure steel skeleton against lateral displacement movements. Here, on the one hand, the positive connection between the support surfaces and the plate is effective, because so compressive stresses can be absorbed, on the other hand, the adhesive seam is effective, because they tensile and shear stresses can be transmitted. It is therefore not only important for the seal that plate and steel profiles are in direct contact, possibly via an intermediate adhesive seam, this direct contact is also advantageous for the load bearing. Advantageously, the space between the two steel profiles is used to accommodate the plate.
Wandelemente der beschriebenen Art können relativ rasch erstellt werden, die Montage ist einfach und mit weniger geübten Handwerkern und auch mit geringem Aufwand an Werkzeugen durchführbar.Wall elements of the type described can be created relatively quickly, the installation is simple and feasible with less experienced craftsmen and with little effort on tools.
Das Wandelement kann nach gängigen Verfahren außen und innen weiterbearbeitet werden, beispielsweise durch Aufbringen einer zusätzlichen äußeren oder inneren Platte, wie in
Vorzugsweise hat die Platte aus hartem Schaumstoff eine Dicke, die zumindest der Breite der Stützfläche entspricht. Vorzugsweise ist die Dicke der Schaumstoffplatte gleich groß der Breite des Stahlprofils. Vorzugsweise liegt die Dicke der Schaumstoffplatte im Bereich zwischen Breite der Stützfläche und Breite des Stahlprofils. Dicken der Schaumstoffplatte größer als die Breite des Stahlprofils sind möglich.Preferably, the hard foam board has a thickness at least equal to the width of the support surface. Preferably, the thickness of the foam plate is equal to the width of the steel profile. Preferably, the thickness of the foam sheet is in the range between the width of the support surface and the width of the steel profile. Thicknesses of the foam plate greater than the width of the steel profile are possible.
Als Platten werden insbesondere Platten aus Polystyrol-Hartschaum (PS), Polystyrolpartikelschaum (EPS), z.B. EPS 100, und Polystyroltextruderschaum (XPS) eingesetzt. Grundsätzlich sind auch andere Schaummaterialien für die Platten möglich, beispielsweise Polyuretanschaum.In particular, plates made of polystyrene rigid foam (PS), polystyrene particle foam (EPS), e.g. EPS 100, and polystyrene extruder foam (XPS) used. In principle, other foam materials for the plates are possible, for example Polyuretanschaum.
Die Wandelemente können erhebliche Verformungen aufnehmen, so dass sie insbesondere bei Erdbeben stabil bleiben. Die thermische Isolierung lässt sich in weiten Bereichen den jeweiligen Erfordernissen anpassen, aufgrund der weitgehenden Verwendung von Platten aus Schaumstoff wird eine großflächige thermische Isolierung erreicht. Lediglich für die einen flächenmäßig geringeren Anteil aufweisenden Stahlträger muss eine spezielle thermische Isolierung vorgesehen sein, wie sie aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt ist. Die Isolierung gegen Geräusche, also die akustische Isolierung, kann durch spezielle Maßnahmen, beispielsweise zusätzliche Isolierschichten, erreicht werden. Da auch die Platten zur Stabilität des Wandelements beitragen, kann auf Diagonalverstrebungen usw. verzichtet werden, auf jeden Fall sind weniger Diagonalverstrebungen notwendig als im Stand der Technik und auch für den Fall, dass keine Klebverbindung zwischen den Platten und den Stahlträgern besteht.The wall elements can absorb significant deformations, so that they remain stable in particular during earthquakes. The thermal insulation can be widely adapted to the respective requirements, due to the extensive Using sheets of foam, a large-area thermal insulation is achieved. Only for the steel carrier having a smaller area proportion must a special thermal insulation be provided, as is known from the prior art. The insulation against noise, so the acoustic insulation can be achieved by special measures, such as additional insulating layers. Since the plates contribute to the stability of the wall element, can be dispensed with diagonal struts, etc., in any case, less diagonal struts are necessary than in the prior art and also in the event that no adhesive bond between the plates and the steel beams.
Vorzugsweise ist die Platte aus hartem Schaumstoff an mindestens drei Seiten von Stahlprofilen umgeben und auch mit dem dritten Stahlprofil über mindestens eine Klebenaht verbunden. Insbesondere ist die Platte auf allen vier Schmalseiten von Stahlprofilen umgeben und ringsum über mindestens eine Klebenaht verbunden. Dadurch, dass die Platte in einem Rahmen aus Stahlträgern eingespannt ist, ergibt sich insgesamt eine hohe Belastbarkeit des so hergestellten Bauelements.Preferably, the hard foam board is surrounded on at least three sides by steel profiles and also connected to the third steel profile via at least one adhesive seam. In particular, the plate is surrounded on all four narrow sides of steel profiles and connected all around at least one adhesive seam. The fact that the plate is clamped in a frame of steel beams, the overall result is a high load capacity of the device produced in this way.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Schmalfläche der Platte aus hartem Schaumstoff entweder in unmittelbarem Kontakt mit einer Stützfläche eines Stahlprofils oder in sehr geringem Abstand, z.B. 2 bis 8, insbesondere 2 bis 4 mm von dieser Stützfläche entfernt angeordnet.According to the invention, the narrow face of the hard foam board is either in direct contact with a support surface of a steel profile or at a very small distance, e.g. 2 to 8, in particular 2 to 4 mm away from this support surface.
Im ersten Fall sollte die Platte etwas dicker sein als die Breite der Stützfläche beträgt. Die Platte ist über eine Kehlnaht aus Klebstoff mit der an die Stützfläche unmittelbar angrenzenden Montagefläche verbunden.In the first case, the plate should be slightly thicker than the width of the support surface amounts. The plate is connected via a fillet weld of adhesive with the mounting surface directly adjacent to the support surface.
Im zweiten Fall füllt der Klebstoff den schmalen Spalt zwischen der Schmalfläche der Platte aus hartem Kunststoff und der Stützfläche aus. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, zuvor kleine Abstandselemente zwischen der Schmalfläche und der Stützfläche anzuordnen, damit vor Einbringen des Klebstoffs die Platte bereits eine vorgegebene, feste Position hat und der schmale Spalt definiert ist.In the second case, the adhesive fills the narrow gap between the narrow surface of the hard plastic plate and the support surface. It is advantageous to arrange previously small spacer elements between the narrow surface and the support surface, so before introducing the adhesive, the plate already has a predetermined, fixed position and the narrow gap is defined.
Es ist auch eine Kombination zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Möglichkeit ausdrücklich vorgesehen. Dann befindet sich Klebstoff zwischen der Schmalfläche der Platte aus hartem Kunststoff und der Stützfläche des Stahlprofils und ist zusätzlich mindestens eine Kehlnaht ausgebildet. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn zunächst eine Kehlnaht ausgeführt wird und anschließend von der anderen, von der Kehlnaht abgewandten Seite der Spalt gefüllt wird.It is also expressly provided for a combination between the first and the second possibility. Then there is glue between the narrow surface the plate of hard plastic and the support surface of the steel profile and is additionally formed at least one fillet weld. In this case, it is advantageous if first a fillet weld is made and then the gap is filled by the other side facing away from the fillet weld.
Im Stand der Technik
Es werden bevorzugt die Stahlprofile verwendet, die in der
Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den übrigen Ansprüchen sowie der nun folgenden Beschreibung von nicht einschränkend zu verstehenden Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung, die im Folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. In dieser Zeichnung zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- Eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Wandelements eines Bauwerks mit drei vertikalen und zwei horizontalen Stahlprofilen und zwei Platten aus hartem Schaumstoff,
- Fig. 2:
- einen Schnitt entlang der Schnittfläche II-II in
Figur 1 , - Fig. 3:
- einen Schnitt ähnlich
Figur 2 , jedoch für eine zweite Ausführung und in vergrößerter Darstellung, - Fig. 4:
- eine Darstellung wie
Figur 2 , jedoch mit zusätzlichen Schichten, und - Fig. 5:
- einen Schnitt wie
Figur 2 , jedoch mit einer geänderten ausbildung der Klebenaht.
- Fig. 1:
- A perspective view of a wall element of a building with three vertical and two horizontal steel profiles and two hard foam boards,
- Fig. 2:
- a section along the section II-II in
FIG. 1 . - 3:
- similar to a cut
FIG. 2 but for a second embodiment and on an enlarged scale, - 4:
- a representation like
FIG. 2 but with additional layers, and - Fig. 5:
- a cut like
FIG. 2 , but with a changed formation of the adhesive seam.
Das in
Für die Beschreibung wird rechtshändiges x-y-z Koordinatensystem verwendet. Die x-Achse verläuft parallel zur Längsachse 22. Die y-Achse liegt parallel zur Breite des Wandelements, die z-Achse parallel zur Dicke.The description uses right-handed x-y-z coordinate system. The x-axis is parallel to the
Die Profilform der verwendeten Stahlprofile 20 ist z.B. aus
In jeder Montagefläche 30 ist eine regelmäßig angeordnete Lochreihe 32 vorgesehen, die sich über die gesamte Profillänge erstreckt. Die Lochreihen 32 verlaufen alle parallel zur x-Richtung. Die Löcher parallel verlaufender Montageflächen 30, die von derselben Stützfläche 28 ausgehen, fluchten. Vorzugsweise liegen die Löcher aller Lochreihen 32 jeweils gemeinsam in Querschnittsebenen, die im Abstand der Löcher in x-Richtung beabstandet sind.In each mounting
Zwischen zwei Stahlprofilen 20 befindet sich jeweils eine Platte 34 aus hartem Schaumstoff. Der Schaumstoff weist einen Verformungswiderstand im Druckversuch, nämlich Druckspannung bei 10% Stauchung, von mehr als 70, insbesondere mehr als 100 kPa und vorzugsweise mehr als 200 kPa auf. Insgesamt zeigt
Wie
Bei der Herstellung werden zunächst die Stahlprofile 20 mit dem oberen Profil 42 und dem unteren Profil 44 verbunden, so dass ein Skelett erhalten wird. In dessen zwei offene Innenräume wird nun je eine Platte 34 eingebracht. Um für den Spalt 38, der rings um jede Platte 34 verläuft, die richtige Breite zu erreichen und die Platte 34 jeweils in der Öffnung des Skeletts mechanisch zu halten, sind Distanzelemente 46 vorgesehen. Es handelt sich um schmale Quader, die die Breite des Spalts 38 aufweisen. Sie sind in x-Richtung ca. 5 bis 20 mm hoch, in z-Richtung haben sie zumindest die Abmessung des Spaltes 38. Es genügen pro Profil 20, 42, 44 wenige derartige Distanzelemente 46. Vorzugsweise sind die Distanzelemente 46, zumindest einige von ihnen, durch zwei keilförmige Teile realisiert, die zusammengeschoben werden können, so dass der Abstand eingestellt werden kann und die Platte 34 auf diese Weise in den Rahmen, der einen Innenraum begrenzt, eingespannt werden kann. Ziel ist es, dass die Platten 34 mechanisch fest in den benachbarten Profilen 20, 42 und 44 gehalten sind, bevor der Klebstoff aufgebracht wird. Dies gilt für alle Ausführungsbeispiele. Insbesondere sind die Platten 34 zwischen den Stahlprofilen 20 gehalten.During manufacture, the steel profiles 20 are first connected to the
Durch die Distanzelemente 46 ist die Platte 34 so in dem Rahmen, jedenfalls zwischen zwei Stahlprofilen 20, positioniert, dass sie festgelegt ist, aber auch so, dass die Schmalfläche 36 zu den Stahlprofilen 20 und ggf. den weiteren Profilen 42, 44 ausgerichtet sind, wie dies
Von diesem Zustand ausgehend können nun die Klebenähte 40 aufgebracht werden. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach den
Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach
In einem praktischen Beispiel hat der Querschnitt der Profile 20, 42, 44 eine Breite B und eine Dicke D von 75 mm. Die Breite einer Montagefläche 30 entspricht der Breite einer Stützfläche 28. In den Ausführungsbeispielen nach den
In praktischen Versuchen hat sich gezeigt, dass bereits eine Naht, die mindestens zwei Millimeter in z-Richtung die Schmalfläche 36 bedeckt, eine hohe Festigkeit und gute Verbindung mit dem Schaumstoff erreicht. Ebenso gilt dies für die Verbindung mit der benachbarten Montagefläche 30.Practical tests have shown that even a seam which covers the
Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach
Auch die beiden Profile 42, 44 sind jeweils mit entsprechenden Flächen der Platte 34, die in ihrer Nähe sind, durch Klebnähte 40 verbunden, es wird hier genauso eine Geometrie erreicht, wie sie für die Verbindung der Stahlprofile 20 mit der Platte 34 beschrieben ist.The two
Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach
Bis auf die zusätzliche Dämmschicht 54 und die Putzlage 56 entspricht das Ausführungsbeispiel nach
Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach
Durch die erste Naht 58 ist das Einbringen einer zweiten Naht 60 vereinfacht. Diese wird im konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel von der Außenseite eingebracht. In der Ausbildung nach
Claims (6)
- A wall member of a building structure, with two rigid, elongate, structural supporting steel profiles (20), each of which has an inner cavity that extends along the longitudinal axis (22) of the steel profile (20) and is open at the profile ends, which have a cross section that is constant over the entire length, wherein the cross section has eight perpendicular outer corners (24) and four perpendicular inner corners (26), one supporting surface (28), respectively, is located between two adjacent outer corners (24) and one mounting surface (30), respectively, is located between an outer corner (24) and an adjacent inner corner (26), and the cross section has a rotational symmetry of 90° and each mounting surface (30) a regularly arranged row of holes (32), and with a plate (34) that is connected to the steel profiles (20) and that has narrow surfaces (36), wherein the plate (34) is located between the two steel profiles (20), that the plate (34) is made from hard foamed material, that the narrow surfaces (36) are located in the immediate vicinity of opposite supporting surfaces (28) of the two steel profiles (20) and are connected to them, in each case, by means of at least one adhesive seam (40) located between a narrow surface (36) and either the supporting surface (28) and/or the mounting surface (30) immediately adjacent to the supporting surface (28).
- The wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that the narrow surfaces (36) are each in direct contact with a supporting surface (28) and that at least one adhesive seam (40) in the form of a fillet seam is located in a groove between the narrow surface (36) and the adjacent mounting surface (30).
- The wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that the narrow surfaces (36) are located at a small distance from the respective supporting surface (28) and a narrow gap (38) is present between a narrow surface (36) and the respective supporting surface (28), that the narrow gap (38) between the supporting surface (28) and the narrow surface (36) is at least partially filled with adhesive while forming an adhesive seam (40), that the adhesive seam (40) is located in the narrow gap (38), and that preferably, spacer members are disposed between the narrow surface (36) and the supporting surface (28).
- The wall element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foamed material has a deformation resistance in a compression test, i.e. compressive stress at 10% compression, of more than 70, in particular more than 100 kPa and preferably more than 200 kPa.
- The wall element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fillet seam is located at a distance of the row of holes (32) of the associated mounting surface (30) and that the distance is at least 2, in particular at least 5 mm.
- The wall element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a further transversely extending steel profile (20) is provided that is connected to the two supporting steel profiles (20), that the transversely extending steel profile (20) is constructionally identical to the two supporting steel profiles (20) and also has a supporting surface (28) located in the immediate vicinity of a third narrow surface (36) of the plate (34), and that the third narrow surface (36) is connected to the third steel profile (20) by at least one adhesive seam located between the third narrow surface (36) and either the supporting surface (28) of the third steel profile (20) and/or the mounting surface (30) immediately adjacent to the supporting surface (28).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014115785 | 2014-10-30 | ||
DE102015118425.7A DE102015118425A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 | 2015-10-28 | Wall element of a structure with two profiles and a foam plate |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3015612A1 EP3015612A1 (en) | 2016-05-04 |
EP3015612B1 true EP3015612B1 (en) | 2017-06-21 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP15192041.0A Not-in-force EP3015612B1 (en) | 2014-10-30 | 2015-10-29 | Wall element of a structure having two profiles and a foam panel |
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US7823347B1 (en) | 2001-02-27 | 2010-11-02 | Lawrence Blinn | Structural member and structural systems using structural member |
US20040040255A1 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-03-04 | Burness Robert Geoffrey | Building method and structure |
US7823437B2 (en) | 2007-06-18 | 2010-11-02 | General Electric Company | Anemometer calibration method and wind turbine |
US20090193735A1 (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-06 | Ramon Kalinowski | Shear lock modular building panel assembly |
BE1020712A5 (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-04-01 | Ivo Swenters | STRUCTURAL BODY IN FRAMEWORK CONSTRUCTIONS. |
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2015
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