EP3015581A1 - Textilie mit formgedächtnisfunktion und verfahren für ihre herstellung sowie ihre nutzung - Google Patents

Textilie mit formgedächtnisfunktion und verfahren für ihre herstellung sowie ihre nutzung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3015581A1
EP3015581A1 EP15194728.0A EP15194728A EP3015581A1 EP 3015581 A1 EP3015581 A1 EP 3015581A1 EP 15194728 A EP15194728 A EP 15194728A EP 3015581 A1 EP3015581 A1 EP 3015581A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shape memory
textile structure
production
structure according
knitted textile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15194728.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Tankere
Marie Tankere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MDB Texinov SA
Original Assignee
MDB Texinov SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MDB Texinov SA filed Critical MDB Texinov SA
Publication of EP3015581A1 publication Critical patent/EP3015581A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
    • D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/10—Open-work fabrics
    • D04B21/12—Open-work fabrics characterised by thread material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B23/00—Flat warp knitting machines
    • D04B23/12—Flat warp knitting machines with provision for incorporating unlooped wefts extending from selvedge to selvedge
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B9/40—Roller blinds
    • E06B9/42—Parts or details of roller blinds, e.g. suspension devices, blind boxes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/04—Heat-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/046—Shape recovering or form memory
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/024—Fabric incorporating additional compounds
    • D10B2403/0241—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties
    • D10B2403/02411—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties with a single array of unbent yarn, e.g. unidirectional reinforcement fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/024—Fabric incorporating additional compounds
    • D10B2403/0241—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties
    • D10B2403/02412—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties including several arrays of unbent yarn, e.g. multiaxial fabrics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of "smart" textiles. More specifically, it relates to shape memory textiles, that is to say, consisting of a structure made of an adaptable flexible material that can change its shape reversibly in response to a stress on the environment.
  • shape memory textiles that is to say, consisting of a structure made of an adaptable flexible material that can change its shape reversibly in response to a stress on the environment.
  • the nature of this solicitation can be of various nature: thermal, mechanical, electrical, energetic .
  • the return to the original state can be obtained spontaneously by loosening the previous constraint or in a way assisted by an action external thermal or mechanical nature.
  • This textile is a hybrid composed of son or strips of shape memory, arranged rectilinearly in the cross direction and / or production sense, connected by other textile son shape memory or not.
  • the invention is intended to be implemented in particular in the following areas: medical (prostheses, ...), building, automotive, but also domestic or industrial casts.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing such a textile. It relies mainly on the use of the modification of the physical state of the shape memory material by joule effect during each cycle of reversal of the frame.
  • the shape memory materials are known to date in military and aeronautical applications, but especially in medical applications, in particular for the development of cardiac stents.
  • the document FR 2,712,177 discloses a prosthetic element consisting of a fabric resulting from the weaving or knitting of multistrand polyester son forming an airy structure with square or rectangular mesh, the polyester son can be combined with metal son with or without a memory.
  • Shape memory alloys are alloys that have the ability to "keep in memory” an initial shape and to return to it even after deformation. They thus have the possibility of alternating between two forms previously stored when the temperature varies around a critical temperature. They also exhibit a super elastic behavior allowing elongations without permanent deformation, higher than those of other metals.
  • Nitinol generically refers to all these alloys.
  • the invention relates to a knitted textile structure in chain mesh or Rachel technology comprising son or strips made of shape memory material, inserted in the production sense and possibly also in cross-machine directions, and linked together by knitting by means of textile threads of different nature.
  • the shape memory wires retain a layout very close to a straight chain situation, or even a frame. This arrangement is obtained by the use of a framer and chain pass directly without mesh son. Both directions can be used simultaneously.
  • son or strips made of shape memory material can be inserted in the production direction. They remain substantially rectilinear within said structure and are related to the structure. By preserving a substantially rectilinear direction of the son or strips of shape memory material, one respects the metallurgical state of said material, and corollary, its sought characteristics of shape memory.
  • the shape-memory wires may be made of a metal alloy of the nitinol (nickel-titanium alloy) or Cu-Ni type, for example, or composed of specific polymers incorporating carbon nanotubes, for example, capable of conferring on them shape memory.
  • They consist of actual son, diameter between 50 micrometers and 5 millimeters, or strips, whose width is between 50 micrometers and 5 millimeters, and whose thickness is between 50 and 600 micrometers.
  • the son of connection between the rectilinear son are of textile nature.
  • the live passage allows the use of relatively rigid shape memory wires, typically nitinol alloys of 100 micrometers to 5 millimeters in diameter or more, unusable under other conditions precisely because of such a diameter .
  • the use of mineral or metal threads also allows training in shape possibly subsequent to the development of the textile since these fibers withstand the very high temperatures required for this learning (150 to 500 ° C).
  • the invention is capable of being implemented in a medical application of parietal implants, and generally of medical or surgical implants.
  • the implant can be folded on itself or compressed to be introduced by a reduced orifice (laparoscopy) performed by the surgeon and found its shape in the abdominal cavity.
  • the same property of super elasticity can be used for other domestic or industrial uses.
  • the invention may for example also be implemented in medical uses.
  • the textile structure constituting an implant finds a particular shape at the temperature of the human body.
  • the invention is used in a given temperature range corresponding to the martensitic phase of the wire.
  • the invention finds application in the building or automobile, especially for the realization of a blind.
  • This is wound and stored on a rectilinear support (shaft), and when unfolded, it adopts a curved shape or other predetermined shape matching the shape of the glazing, because of the shape memory that has been conferred.
  • This curved shape results from a return to the martensitic state or the use of the superelasticity which gives the structure a certain rigidity.
  • the curved shape is then obtained either by shaping or simply by the mechanical pressure exerted on the edges of the fabric or complex.
  • the textile structure obtained can undergo after its development a double-acting form of learning to give it two different forms at different temperatures, typically between 40 and 100 ° C and between 120 and 260 ° C. In doing so, it is likely to be implemented for the production of pastry molds or industrial molds. Thus, in the context of a pastry mold, it can close for cooking, under the effect of temperature and opens during cooling. The opposite effect can obviously be obtained during freezing or freezing phases.
  • the armor used for the binding yarns may be of a different type, single or double knit, two or three bars, the binding yarns working in a single-needle chain, and in two-needle knuckles.
  • the shape memory wires are introduced in weft on all or part of the textile.
  • closed armor can be implemented with a high density of textile son, giving a closed structure or more open structures with textile son diagonal crossing.
  • the textile structure may also include direction-oriented shape memory son integrated in direct passage, sometimes called capstan in one of the previously described armor.
  • said son can be integrated on creel or beam at the unrolled to respect the shape memory possibly already given.
  • the knitted fabric structure of the invention may also comprise zones provided with weft-shaped and possibly capstan-shaped shape memory wires and other zones that are free of these weft or capstan threads by virtue of a particular threading or by the use of a programmable electronic framer.
  • the same process can be implemented on a multiaxial machine to obtain an orientation of the shape memory wires at an angle of 20 to 80 ° with respect to the main direction of production.
  • the binding yarn is chosen from the non-limiting group comprising the monofilament or multifilament type of polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene or metal or even glass or any other mineral material (basalt for example) capable of withstanding the possibly high temperatures (250-500 ° C) of shape learning of shape memory materials.
  • the invention also relates to the method of producing such a structure.
  • This method uses jet mesh technology with framer or Rachel multi-axial technology.
  • this method it is possible to apply to the son or strips of shape memory, especially when they are too rigid to allow them to be printed at an angle close to 180 ° during the return of screening, an electric voltage during the reversal of the framer, causing a local heating only between two electrodes and integrated on the overturning puncture or the passer of the framer.
  • This heating is very important and makes the shape memory wire lose its rigidity and possibly locally its shape memory, thus conferring great ease of deformation of the material.
  • This heating is advantageously carried out over an area varying from approximately 0.15 to 5 cm with the aid of a double electrode on or near the overturning piqueur or the passer of the framer to obtain a deformation of the wire during the heating phase. turnaround.
  • a "fleeze” or sail with the structure thus produced.
  • This "fleeze” or veil can be a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, a mesh fabric or a plastic film.
  • This "fleeze” associated can provide a technical function, for example filtration, insect protection or separation media in a medical or industrial application for example.
  • the shape memory wires or strips then make it possible to maintain the structure in place or in shape. It can also be envisaged that the activation of the shape memory by passing to the austenitic state ensures a particular function (cleaning of a filter for example).
  • the method of the invention can provide training of shape of the structure after its development, and especially at high temperature, typically between 150 and 500 ° C, because of the nature of the bonding son then used (metal, glass, basalt).
  • the method of embodiment of the invention uses a double needle loom. At least one of the two needle beds has the characteristics described by integrating the shape memory wires according to the previous descriptions.
  • it is a structure of connecting son 101 seeking type, knit, incorporating son 103 made of shape memory material, and typically nitinol, inserted in weft or cross-machine direction.
  • the connecting son 101 are of traditional manufacture, and for example, made of polyester.
  • connection wires materials that are resistant to the training temperature of the shape memory material of the wires 103.
  • materials that are resistant to the training temperature of the shape memory material of the wires 103 may be of a mineral (glass or basalt) or metallic (stainless steel) nature. , nickel, ...), and in this case, sustain greater subsequent processing temperatures, while allowing the textile structure obtained by conventional track is trained to form the shape of conventional learning temperatures son 103 entering in his constitution.
  • the figure 2 illustrates a variant of the invention, wherein the shape memory son 103 and 104 are oriented in the warp and weft directions.
  • FIG. 3a shows the implant in "folded" situation, suitable to allow its placement or insertion in a location determined by the practitioner.
  • the figure 3b shows the implant in place in the human body, said implant having recovered a predefined shape, in the planar species, under the effect of the temperature of the human body, and by the implementation of shape memory wires 303 and 303, oriented in the example described in the warp and weft directions.
  • the figure 4a is a section of the roof 405 of the car, on which we can observe the shade 406 blackout or translucent in position.
  • This blind can be stored on a straight shaft 407, arranged for example vertically above the rear window of said vehicle (see figure 4c ).
  • the figure 4b shows the principle of operation of the awning.
  • the latter when unrolled from the storage shaft 407, adopts a curved shape substantially parallel to the roof of said vehicle, due to the use of shape memory wires 403, which, because of the characteristics of super elasticity they develop, induce the return of the blind to a previously determined form.
  • This curved shape may also result from the inherent rigidity of the shape memory wires, so that because of the presence of slide 408, formed on either side of the roof, the blind adopts such a shape.
  • the figure 5 is a scheme of the framer of a machine type Rachel or hook incorporating a device for local electrical tensioning of the weft yarn.
  • the bonding yarn structure 501 schematized here by parallel fine lines may be full or openwork weave. It incorporates in the form of shape memory wires of metal type 502. The wire is distributed by the slider in alternative translation provided with a passette 504 for the passage of the wire 502.
  • the stitches of the framer 503 hold the wire and fold it by a movement of up and down at the time of the formation of the mesh to integrate the frame.
  • a voltage is applied between the electrodes 505 and 506 or 505 and 507 to allow local deformation of the shape memory wire as a result of the locally generated Joule effect.
  • This deformation makes it possible to carry out the weft return of the shape memory wire beyond a diameter of approximately 200 ⁇ m, impossible without this device, and by acting on the superelasticity of the shape memory material.
  • FIG. 6 We have represented in the figure 6 an embodiment of the invention. It aims in particular to illustrate the rectilinear orientation of the son or shape memory strips 603 within the knit thus defined, and in the objective, as mentioned above, to respect the metallurgical state of the material constituting them, and corollary , of its sought-after properties of memory of form.
  • the gill strands 601 and 602 form a net, while the shape memory wires 603 pass from one chain to the other by slight translation of the guide bar of these son.
  • the shape memory wires 603 are therefore integrated into this structure at the unwinding, since they emanate from a wire donor, so that it avoids friction and heating that may modify them.
  • This type of structure is perfectly deformable as can be a net at room temperature, if said temperature corresponds to the martensitic state of the constituent material of the shape memory wires 603.
  • the temperature is raised, to reach the austenitic state of said material, due to the shape memory effect imparted to said son, the net tends to close, said son becoming rectilinear due to the rise in temperature. If, however, the temperature corresponds to the austenitic state of the material, the superelasticity effect tends to keep the net closed, and tends in any case to oppose its opening.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
EP15194728.0A 2010-04-26 2011-04-22 Textilie mit formgedächtnisfunktion und verfahren für ihre herstellung sowie ihre nutzung Withdrawn EP3015581A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1053157A FR2959247B1 (fr) 2010-04-26 2010-04-26 Textile a memoire de forme et procede pour sa realisation
EP11723500A EP2563961A1 (de) 2010-04-26 2011-04-22 Formgedächtnistexitilie und herstellungsverfahren dafür

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11723500A Division EP2563961A1 (de) 2010-04-26 2011-04-22 Formgedächtnistexitilie und herstellungsverfahren dafür

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3015581A1 true EP3015581A1 (de) 2016-05-04

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EP11723500A Withdrawn EP2563961A1 (de) 2010-04-26 2011-04-22 Formgedächtnistexitilie und herstellungsverfahren dafür
EP15194728.0A Withdrawn EP3015581A1 (de) 2010-04-26 2011-04-22 Textilie mit formgedächtnisfunktion und verfahren für ihre herstellung sowie ihre nutzung

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EP11723500A Withdrawn EP2563961A1 (de) 2010-04-26 2011-04-22 Formgedächtnistexitilie und herstellungsverfahren dafür

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EP (2) EP2563961A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2959247B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2011135243A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017007596A1 (de) 2017-08-13 2019-02-14 Solvo GmbH Formgedächtnisaktuatoranordnung und Verfahren für deren Herstellung
WO2023143993A1 (de) * 2022-01-25 2023-08-03 Stobag Ag Beschattungsvorrichtung und tuch für eine beschattungsvorrichtung

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11280031B2 (en) 2017-07-14 2022-03-22 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Active knit compression garments, devices and related methods
DE102018108584A1 (de) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-31 Freistaat Bayern vertreten durch Hochschule Hof, Institut für Materialwissenschaften Verzweigter Stent und Stentsystem
US11993874B2 (en) 2019-09-13 2024-05-28 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Topographically conforming garments
CN114908469B (zh) * 2022-06-20 2023-06-13 江南大学 一种形状记忆经编成形医用手臂保护套及其生产工艺

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2468673A1 (fr) * 1979-10-26 1981-05-08 Lohmann Gmbh & Co Kg Bande en filet douee d'elasticite permanente
FR2712177A1 (fr) 1993-11-08 1995-05-19 Sgro Jean Claude Elément prothétique pariétal pour le traitement chirurgical.
JPH08209488A (ja) * 1995-01-31 1996-08-13 Nippon Tungsten Co Ltd 形状記憶合金線材を用いた織物類の製造方法
FR2772240A1 (fr) * 1997-12-12 1999-06-18 Picardie Lainiere Textile d'entoilage pour le renforcement de vetement
EP2028309A1 (de) 2007-08-23 2009-02-25 Ettore Rossini Verstärkungseinlage oder -band in einem pseudoelastischen Material zur Schwingungsdämpfung
DE102008036251A1 (de) * 2008-08-04 2010-02-11 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Dreidimensionaler Textilstrukturmaterialkörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2836933B1 (fr) * 2002-03-08 2004-09-10 Sophie Bouvant Ecran decoratif ajoure transparent et procede de realisation d'un tel ecran

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2468673A1 (fr) * 1979-10-26 1981-05-08 Lohmann Gmbh & Co Kg Bande en filet douee d'elasticite permanente
FR2712177A1 (fr) 1993-11-08 1995-05-19 Sgro Jean Claude Elément prothétique pariétal pour le traitement chirurgical.
JPH08209488A (ja) * 1995-01-31 1996-08-13 Nippon Tungsten Co Ltd 形状記憶合金線材を用いた織物類の製造方法
FR2772240A1 (fr) * 1997-12-12 1999-06-18 Picardie Lainiere Textile d'entoilage pour le renforcement de vetement
EP2028309A1 (de) 2007-08-23 2009-02-25 Ettore Rossini Verstärkungseinlage oder -band in einem pseudoelastischen Material zur Schwingungsdämpfung
DE102008036251A1 (de) * 2008-08-04 2010-02-11 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Dreidimensionaler Textilstrukturmaterialkörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017007596A1 (de) 2017-08-13 2019-02-14 Solvo GmbH Formgedächtnisaktuatoranordnung und Verfahren für deren Herstellung
WO2019034205A1 (de) 2017-08-13 2019-02-21 Solvo GmbH Formgedächtnisaktuatoranordnung und verfahren für deren herstellung
DE102017007596B4 (de) 2017-08-13 2019-12-19 Chr. Mayr Gmbh + Co. Kg Formgedächtnisaktuatoranordnung und Verfahren für deren Herstellung
WO2023143993A1 (de) * 2022-01-25 2023-08-03 Stobag Ag Beschattungsvorrichtung und tuch für eine beschattungsvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2959247A1 (fr) 2011-10-28
FR2959247B1 (fr) 2012-06-08
WO2011135243A1 (fr) 2011-11-03
EP2563961A1 (de) 2013-03-06

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