EP3009665A1 - Work device - Google Patents
Work device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3009665A1 EP3009665A1 EP15003314.0A EP15003314A EP3009665A1 EP 3009665 A1 EP3009665 A1 EP 3009665A1 EP 15003314 A EP15003314 A EP 15003314A EP 3009665 A1 EP3009665 A1 EP 3009665A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- crankcase
- housing part
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- injection valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P1/00—Air cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P1/00—Air cooling
- F01P1/06—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
- F01P1/10—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts for cooling fuel injectors or sparking-plugs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
- B25F5/008—Cooling means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
- F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
- F01P5/06—Guiding or ducting air to, or from, ducted fans
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/20—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines characterised by means for preventing vapour lock
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
- F02M69/10—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel peculiar to scavenged two-stroke engines, e.g. injecting into crankcase-pump chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P2025/00—Measuring
- F01P2025/08—Temperature
- F01P2025/48—Engine room temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/1015—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the engine type
- F02M35/1017—Small engines, e.g. for handheld tools, or model engines; Single cylinder engines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a working device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- a hand-held implement namely a power cutter known, which is designed as a two-stroke engine internal combustion engine via an injection valve fuel is fed into an overflow channel.
- the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine drives a fan wheel, which is arranged in a fan housing whose rear wall limits the crankcase of the internal combustion engine.
- the DE 196 54 290 A1 shows a grass trimmer, wherein the injection valve is arranged on the output side above the fan. The fuel valve is thereby cooled as well as the engine block of the intake air.
- the invention has for its object to provide a working device of the generic type, in which a simple way of good cooling of the injector is achieved.
- the crankcase is not split in the middle.
- the parting plane has a distance to an imaginary center plane.
- the median plane is the plane containing the cylinder longitudinal axis and which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft.
- the dividing plane and the median plane are two planes that are parallel to each other.
- the axis of rotation of the crankshaft forms a straight line which intersects the median plane and the parting plane at two spaced-apart points.
- the separating surface extends at the injection valve on the side facing away from the fan housing of the imaginary plane. At the height of the injection valve, the separating surface is therefore offset to the fan housing remote from the imaginary plane.
- the separating surface runs completely on the side facing away from the fan housing of the imaginary plane.
- the distance is advantageously about 10% to about 50% of the measured parallel to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft width of the crankcase interior.
- the distance is 20% to 40%, in particular 30% to 40% of the width of the crankcase interior.
- the first housing part is noticeably cooler than the second housing part during operation due to the cooling of the fan housing by the fan wheel.
- the first housing part has a larger mass than the second housing part and a larger surface due to the unbalanced relative to the center plane arrangement of the separating surface. Due to the larger mass, the second housing part is heated more slowly than the first housing part. The larger surface causes faster heat dissipation to the environment.
- the arrangement of the injection valve to the first, cooler housing part a lower heating of the injection valve is achieved.
- the separating surface is advantageously offset to the second housing part at least in the area in which a receiving opening for the injection valve or a holder carrying the injection valve is arranged.
- the distance between parting plane and center plane is advantageously given at least in the region in which the receiving opening is arranged in the projection in the direction of the axis of rotation of the crankshaft to the parting plane.
- the dividing plane advantageously does not intersect the receiving opening for the injection valve formed on the crankcase.
- the temperature difference between the first and the second housing part may be on the order of about 10 K. Depending on the operating state of the internal combustion engine and the pressure in the fuel system, this temperature difference between the first and second housing parts can be decisive for reliable fuel supply via the injection valve.
- the components to be cooled of the working device are advantageously arranged on the first housing part.
- the injection valve is fixed to the first housing part.
- the holder for the injection valve is advantageously sealed in the receiving opening via a radial seal.
- the receiving opening is advantageously formed completely in the first housing part. Characterized in that the holder is radially sealed, additional fastening means such as fastening screws serve only to secure the holder on the crankcase.
- the internal combustion engine has at least one sensor which is arranged on the outer circumference of the crankcase on the first housing part.
- the sensor is advantageously arranged on the outside of the crankcase.
- an arrangement on the outer circumference forming crankcase wall in the crankcase interior may also be advantageous.
- Lower temperatures are also achieved for the sensor due to the arrangement on the first housing part.
- the sensor may be, for example, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor or a combined pressure-temperature sensor be.
- the arrangement of several sensors on the first housing part may be advantageous.
- the internal combustion engine advantageously has a cylinder which is mounted on a cylinder connection flange on the crankcase.
- the cylinder connection flange extends advantageously perpendicular to the cylinder longitudinal axis and in particular perpendicular to the separating surface between the two housing parts of the crankcase.
- a first section of the cylinder connection flange is advantageously formed by the first housing part and a second section of the cylinder connection flange by the second housing part. Due to the design of the cylinder connection flange on both housing parts, the demolding of the housing parts in the production in a die-casting process in the direction of the axis of rotation of the crankshaft is made possible. This simplifies manufacture.
- connection opening in the fan housing is advantageously provided, via which cooling air conveyed by the fan wheel flows into the cooling area.
- the connection opening on the suction side or the pressure side of the fan are, the cooling air can therefore be sucked over the cooling area to the fan or promoted by the fan in the cooling area. Via the connection opening, it is possible to achieve a targeted cooling of the injection valve which is separate from the cooling of the cylinder.
- the cooling region in which the injection valve is arranged advantageously has a comparatively small volume, so that good and targeted cooling results.
- the cooling area does not have to be a completely closed room.
- the injection valve need not be exposed directly to the cooling air flowing into the cooling area, but may be indirectly cooled, for example, when the injection valve is arranged in a housing arranged in the cooling area or holder.
- further components such as components of the fuel system, sensors or the like can be arranged in the cooling region.
- Steam bubbles in the fuel system may prevent fuel from being supplied to the engine because the pump power of the pump may be partially or fully compensated for by the volume of gas formed. Steam bubbles in the fuel system can therefore prevent the operation of the internal combustion engine.
- two-stroke engines in hand-held implements which operate at low fuel pressure and where a lot of heat is produced in a small space, therefore, the formation of vapor bubbles is problematic.
- connection opening is arranged in an overpressure region of the fan housing, so that cooling air is conveyed from the fan wheel into the cooling region in which the injection valve is arranged.
- connection opening is arranged in a negative pressure region of the fan housing and the cooling air is sucked into the fan housing via the cooling region.
- connection opening is advantageously connected via an air duct with the cooling area, so that a targeted guidance of the cooling air in the cooling area is possible.
- One simple construction results when the cooling area is limited by an air guide component.
- the air duct is limited by the air guide member.
- the air guide component is advantageously at least partially made of plastic.
- the air guide component thereby acts thermally insulating.
- the air guide component is advantageously arranged on the outer circumference of the crankcase.
- the cooling region in which the injection valve is arranged is advantageously limited by the crankcase and by the air guidance component.
- the internal combustion engine is advantageously a mixture-lubricated internal combustion engine.
- the internal combustion engine may be a two-stroke engine or a mixture-lubricated four-stroke engine.
- the injection valve advantageously delivers the fuel directly into the crankcase interior.
- the mixture formation is advantageously carried out in the crankcase interior.
- the supply of fuel directly into the crankcase interior ensures good lubrication of the parts in the crankcase.
- the injection valve can be arranged on the crankcase, which is significantly cooler during operation than the cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
- the injection valve can be arranged comparatively far away from the hot cylinder on the crankcase in order to keep the heat transfer to the injection valve as low as possible.
- the injection valve is arranged in particular in a holder made of plastic, which is fastened to the crankcase and which is arranged at least partially in the cooling region. Accordingly, the injection valve is not directly flowed around by the cooling air flow conveyed by the fan wheel, but can be cooled indirectly via the holder.
- the surface of the holder is actively cooled.
- the lower temperature of the holder leads to a lower temperature of the injection valve or to a lower heating of the injection valve.
- the plastic holder also reduces heat transfer from the crankcase to the injection valve. In particular, when the internal combustion engine, if no more cooling air is promoted, thereby excessive heating of the injector can be avoided.
- the fuel is advantageously fed to the injection valve via a pressure damper.
- a simple structure results when the pressure damper is integrated in the holder of the injection valve. As a result, not only the injection valve, but also the pressure damper is cooled by the cooling air flow conveyed via the connection opening.
- the pressure damper is advantageously also arranged in the cooling area.
- the crankcase advantageously has a first and a second housing part, between which a separating surface is formed.
- the two housing parts are advantageously connected to each other, in particular with the interposition of a seal.
- the separation surface lies at least partially in an imaginary parting plane.
- the separating surface can run completely in the separating plane or, for example, have at least one step, so that only a section of the separating surface lies in the imaginary parting plane.
- the parting plane is aligned so that an imaginary extension of the separating surface is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft.
- the arrangement of the separation surface should be substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft. Deviations from a few degrees to the exact vertical orientation are harmless.
- the parting plane is parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis on the first housing part, the fan housing is arranged.
- the first housing part and the second housing part are in particular die-cast parts, on which further components are molded.
- the two housing parts are advantageously made of magnesium die-cast.
- the fan housing is advantageously integrally formed on the first housing part, that is integrally formed therewith. On the first housing part and the injection valve is advantageously held.
- Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a working device, a hand-held power grinder 1.
- the present invention is also for other tools, especially for hand-held implements such as chainsaws, brushcutters, blowers or the like.
- the implements may be hand carried or carried back or pushed over the ground such as lawnmowers or cutters with carriages.
- the cut-off machine 1 has a housing 2, on which a boom 3 is fixed. At the free end of the boom 3, a cutting disc 4 is rotatably mounted, which is partially covered at its periphery by a protective cover 5.
- a protective cover 5 To guide the cutting grinder 1 is an upper handle 6, which is integrally formed with a hood 8 of the housing 2, as well as a grip tube 7, which engages over the housing 2 on the front of the housing 2 facing the cutting disc 4.
- a throttle lever 10 and a throttle lever 11 are pivotally mounted.
- an air filter cover 9 is fixed to the housing 2.
- an internal combustion engine 12 is arranged, which is to be started via a starting device.
- the starting device can be actuated via a starter handle 15. However, it may also be provided an electric starting device.
- fuel pump 14 which serves to convey fuel to the engine 12.
- the separating loop 1 has feet 13, with which it can be parked, for example, on the floor or on another surface.
- Fig. 2 shows the internal combustion engine 12 in detail.
- the internal combustion engine 12 has a cylinder 19, which is placed on a parting plane 41 on a crankcase 16.
- a crankshaft 26 In the crankcase 16 is a crankshaft 26 with bearings 51 which are designed as ball bearings, rotatably mounted about a rotation axis 17.
- the crankshaft 26 is mounted on both sides of a connecting rod, not shown in the figures, which serves for connection to the piston.
- a bearing 51 is arranged in the first housing part 36 and a second bearing 51 in the second housing part 37.
- the crankshaft 26 is driven in rotation by a cylinder 25 reciprocatingly mounted in the cylinder 19 in the direction of a cylinder longitudinal axis 29.
- the piston 25 defines a cylinder 19 formed in the combustion chamber 24.
- the cylinder 19 has an inner diameter b.
- the inner diameter b is the diameter of the bore formed in the cylinder 19, in which the piston 25 is arranged.
- a slot 22 controlled by the piston inlet 22 which is connected in the region of the top dead center of the piston 25 with the crankcase interior 18 and combustion air into the crankcase interior 18 supplies.
- the combustion air is supplied via an intake passage 30, which is guided over a partial section in a throttle housing 27.
- a throttle valve 28 is pivotally mounted in the embodiment, to which the throttle lever 10 acts. From the combustion chamber 24 leads an outlet 23, which is also slit-controlled by the piston 25.
- a holder 33 On the outer circumference of the crankcase 16, a holder 33 is arranged, which is sealed by a radial seal 42 relative to the crankcase 16.
- a receptacle 34 for an injection valve 43 ( Fig. 6 ) educated.
- the injection valve 43 supplies the fuel directly into the crankcase interior 18 via an outlet channel 35 formed in the holder 33.
- the crankcase 16 also has a mounting opening 31 for a in Fig. 2 also not shown sensor.
- the holder 33 is disposed immediately below the inlet 22 and the throttle body 27, and the mounting hole 31 is disposed on the side facing away from the throttle body 27 of the holder 33.
- the crankcase interior is connected to the combustion chamber 24 via one or more transfer passages 20.
- an overflow channel 20 which divides into a plurality of branches and opens with a plurality of overflow windows 21 into the combustion chamber 24.
- the overflow windows 21 are also controlled by the piston 25 and opened in the region of the bottom dead center of the piston 25 to the combustion chamber 24.
- combustion air is sucked in from the intake duct 30 via the inlet 22 into the crankcase interior 18.
- the combustion air is compressed during the downward stroke of the piston 25 in the crankcase interior 18.
- In the crankcase interior 18 is also via the injection valve 43 ( Fig. 6 ) Supplied fuel.
- the fuel / air mixture flows in the region of the bottom dead center of the piston 25 via the overflow passage 20 and the overflow 21 into the combustion chamber 24 a.
- the fuel / air mixture is compressed in the combustion chamber 24 and ignited in the region of top dead center of the piston 25 by a spark plug, not shown.
- the piston 25 is accelerated by the combustion in the combustion chamber 24 in the direction of the bottom dead center.
- the exhaust gases from the cylinder 19 flow into an exhaust silencer, not shown, connected to the outlet 23.
- Fig. 2 shows, the holder 33 is disposed in a cooling region 64, which is covered by an air guide member 44 and largely separated from the environment.
- Fig. 3 shows the air guide member 44 in detail.
- an air duct 45 is formed, which projects to a connection spout 46.
- the connection spout 46 is set in a rear wall 47 of a fan housing 32.
- a fan 39 is arranged, which is driven by the crankshaft 26 rotating.
- the fan 39 is advantageously rotatably connected to the crankshaft 26.
- the crankcase 16 is bounded by a first housing part 36 and a second housing part 37, between which a parting surface 40 is formed.
- the two housing parts 36 and 37 are located on the parting surface 40 advantageously with the interposition of a seal, in particular a paper seal to each other.
- the separating surface 40 may be approximately part-circular, for example.
- the parting surface 40 extends in the embodiment parallel to a in Fig. 3
- the median plane 56 includes the cylinder longitudinal axis 29 and extends perpendicular to the axis of rotation 17 of the crankshaft 26.
- the interface 40 may also have one or more stages.
- the separation surface 40 is at least partially in an imaginary parting plane 68. In the exemplary embodiment, the separation surface 40 has no steps and lies completely in the parting plane 68.
- the angle ⁇ , the imaginary parting plane 68 with the in Fig. 3 schematically drawn rotation axis 17 of the crankshaft 26 includes, is 90 °.
- the center plane 56 corresponds to the sectional plane in Fig. 2 , As Fig. 3 shows, the separating surface 40 and thus also the parting plane 68 to the center plane 56 has a distance a.
- the separation surface 40 and thus also the parting plane 68 has a greater distance to a crankcase 16 facing the rear wall 47 of the fan housing 32 as the center plane 56.
- the distance a is advantageously at least about 10%, in particular at least about 15% of the inner diameter b of the cylinder 19.
- the distance a is advantageously about 10% to about 50%, in particular 20% to 40% of the measured parallel to the rotational axis 17 of the crankshaft 26 width c of the crankcase interior 18, in Fig. 4 is shown. In the exemplary embodiment, the distance a is about 30% of the width c of the crankcase interior space 18.
- the separating surface 40 is offset relative to the center plane 56 in the direction of a mounting flange 38 integrally formed on the second housing part 37.
- a centrifugal clutch of the cutting machine 1 On the mounting flange 38, a centrifugal clutch of the cutting machine 1, a pulley for driving the drive belt for the cutting disc 4 and a starting device for the internal combustion engine 12 may be arranged.
- At the mounting flange 38 of the boom 3 is advantageously determined.
- the distance a is adjacent to the injection valve 43, ie in the projection of the receiving opening 52 (FIG. Fig. 7 ) for the holder 33 on the median plane 56 in the direction of the axis of rotation 17 of the crankshaft 26, given.
- the parting plane 68 advantageously extends outside the receiving opening 52 on the side facing away from the fan housing 32 of the receiving opening 52.
- the holder 33 is disposed completely on the first housing part 36, so that the injection valve 43 is held only on the first housing part 36 and has no direct contact with the second housing part 37.
- the mounting hole 31 is completely formed on the first housing part 36.
- the crankcase 16 facing the rear wall 47 of the fan housing 32 has a connection opening 48 in which the connector sleeve 46 is held.
- a connection opening 48 of the air duct 45 connects.
- a Strömungsleitrippe 49 is arranged, which divides the supplied air into a plurality of partial streams.
- the air guide member 44 is made of plastic.
- the holder 33 extends completely through the cooling region 64 delimited by the air guide component 44.
- the fan 39 is of an in Fig. 4 schematically shown Lüfterraddeckel 66 from the environment. The Lüfterraddeckel 66 is held on the fan housing 32.
- Fig. 4 also shows a arranged between the housing parts 36 and 37 seal 50.
- the seal 50 seals the overflow 20 from the crankcase interior 18 from.
- a paper seal for sealing against the environment is advantageously provided on the separating surface 40.
- the fan 39 has on its side facing away from the crankcase 16 a Vorder Wegenbeschaufelung 60 and on its rear wall 47 of the fan housing 32 side facing a scrubnetbeschaufelung 61.
- the fan housing 32 defines a cooling air spiral.
- the connection opening 48 is arranged in an overpressure region of the cooling air spiral.
- a pressure damper 65 is integrated, which is arranged immediately upstream of the injection valve in the flow path of the fuel. Also, the pressure damper 65 is cooled by the conveyed through the connection opening 48 cooling air.
- the cooling air flows along an arrow 57 past the pressure damper 65 through a gap 59 formed between the air guide member 44 and the wall of the crankcase 16.
- the cooling air also flows past the opposite side of the flow guide rib 49 along an arrow 58.
- the cooling air flowing along the Arrow 58 flows, flows around the holder 33 and flows on the side facing away from the fan housing 32 of the holder 33 between the crankcase 16 and air guide member 44.
- the gap 59 is formed circumferentially, so that over the entire edge of the air guide member 44 cooling air flows out.
- the intake 34 formed in the retainer 33 is open to the environment and not into the cooling area 44.
- the cooling air delivered under the air guide member 44 does not directly cool the injector, but flows around and cools the retainer 33, causing excessive wear Heating of the injection valve is prevented.
- the holder 33 is disposed in a receiving opening 52 of the crankcase 16 and sealed with respect to this via the radial seal 42.
- the receiving opening 52 is formed completely in the first housing part 36, so that the radial seal 42 does not have to be guided over the separating surface 40 between the two housing parts 36 and 37.
- Fig. 6 schematically shows the holder 33 arranged in the injection valve 43.
- the metered via the injection valve 43 fuel passes through the outlet channel 35 into the crankcase interior 18th
- Fig. 7 shows the arrangement of the connection opening 48 in the rear wall 47 of the fan housing 32.
- the air guide member 44 as well as the holder 33 is not shown.
- two mounting holes 62 are provided on the first housing part 36, where the holder 33 can be screwed to the crankcase 16.
- 62 fastening screws 67 are screwed into the mounting holes, which also hold the air guide member 44. For the fixation of the air guide member 44 thereby no additional mounting holes and fasteners are needed.
- Fig. 7 shows, two mounting holes 63 are provided for mounting a sensor in the mounting hole 31 adjacent to the mounting hole 31.
- the sensor 53 is in Fig. 8 shown.
- the sensor 53 is a combined pressure-temperature sensor.
- Fig. 7 also shows, also formed in the crankcase 16 section of the overflow 20 is divided by the separation surface 40. This is also in Fig. 4 visible, noticeable.
- the cylinder 19 is advantageously placed with the interposition of a seal.
- the seal is in particular a paper seal.
- crankcase 16 and cylinder 17 causes additional thermal insulation of cylinder 17 and crankcase 17, which reduces the heat input from the cylinder 17 into the crankcase 16.
- a second portion 55 of the Zylinderan gleichflanschs formed on the second housing part 37.
- Both the first housing part 36 and the second housing part 37 limit the cylinder connection flange.
- both housing parts 36 and 37 can be removed from the mold in the direction of the axis of rotation 17 of the crankshaft 26 in a die-casting process. Only for the openings for the injection valve 43 and the sensor 53 additional slides are needed or these openings must be made separately.
- the holder 33 is arranged with the pressure damper 65 immediately adjacent to the connection opening 48. As a result, the holder 33 is directly supplied with the injection valve 43 and the pressure damper 65 from the funded by the fan 39 cooling air.
- connection opening 48 in the vacuum region of the fan wheel.
- the injection valve 43 is then cooled by the sucked by the fan cooling air.
- Both the holder 33 and the air guide member 44 are made of plastic.
- the components thus act as an insulator, so that there is a poor heat transfer from the crankcase to the injection valve. As a result, it can be ensured even when the machine is turned off that the injection valve is not heated too much, even if the fan is no longer driven, but the crankcase and the cylinder are still warm.
- the arrangement of the injection valve on the crankcase, the heating of the injection valve is also significantly reduced compared to an arrangement on the cylinder.
- the holder 33 could alternatively be made entirely or partially of metal. Particularly advantageous is a design is considered in which the standing in contact with the crankcase 16 of the holder 33 is made of plastic and causes isolation to the crankcase 16.
- the region of the holder 33 which is not in direct contact with the crankcase 16 but is surrounded by cooling air may advantageously be made of metal, so that the heat in the holder 33 is released well via the metallic portion to the environment, in particular to the cooling air. It may alternatively or additionally be provided that the holder 33 has at least one cooling fin for improving the heat release to the cooling air in the region around which cooling air flows.
- the injection valve 43 itself are in contact with the cooling air and / or have at least one cooling surface, which may be advantageously formed on a cooling fin.
- the fan housing 32 is formed in the exemplary embodiment of the first housing part 36 of the crankcase 16. However, it may also be advantageous to form the fan housing 32 as a separate component.
- the fan housing 32 may be in one or more parts and at least partially made of plastic.
- the fan housing 32 may also be partially or completely formed by adjacent components and limited.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Arbeitsgerät mit einem Verbrennungsmotor (12), dem über ein Einspritzventil (43) Kraftstoff zugeführt wird. Der Verbrennungsmotor (12) besitzt ein Kurbelgehäuse (16), in dem eine Kurbelwelle (26) um eine Drehachse (17) drehbar gelagert ist. Das Arbeitsgerät besitzt ein Lüfterrad (39) zur Förderung von Kühlluft für den Verbrennungsmotor (12), das in einem Lüftergehäuse (32) angeordnet ist. Das Kurbelgehäuse (16) besitzt ein erstes Gehäuseteil (36) und ein zweites Gehäuseteil (37), zwischen denen eine Trennfläche (40) gebildet ist, wobei die Trennfläche (40) mindestens teilweise in einer gedachten Trennebene (68) liegt, die senkrecht zur Drehachse (17) der Kurbelwelle (26) liegt. An dem ersten Gehäuseteil (36) ist das Lüftergehäuse (32) angeordnet. Der Verbrennungsmotor (12) besitzt eine gedachte Mittelebene (56), die eine Zylinderlängsachse (29) des Verbrennungsmotors (12) enthält und die senkrecht zur Drehachse (17) der Kurbelwelle (26) verläuft. Die Trennebene (68) besitzt zu der Mittelebene (56) einen Abstand (a) und verläuft an der dem Lüftergehäuse (32) abgewandten Seite der Mittelebene (56). An dem ersten Gehäuseteil (36) ist das Einspritzventil (43) angeordnet.The invention relates to a working device with an internal combustion engine (12) to which fuel is supplied via an injection valve (43). The internal combustion engine (12) has a crankcase (16) in which a crankshaft (26) is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation (17). The working device has a fan wheel (39) for conveying cooling air for the internal combustion engine (12), which is arranged in a fan housing (32). The crankcase (16) has a first housing part (36) and a second housing part (37) between which a parting surface (40) is formed, wherein the parting surface (40) lies at least partially in an imaginary parting plane (68) perpendicular to the part Rotary axis (17) of the crankshaft (26) is located. On the first housing part (36), the fan housing (32) is arranged. The internal combustion engine (12) has an imaginary center plane (56), which contains a cylinder longitudinal axis (29) of the internal combustion engine (12) and which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation (17) of the crankshaft (26). The parting plane (68) has a distance (a) from the center plane (56) and runs on the side of the center plane (56) facing away from the fan housing (32). On the first housing part (36), the injection valve (43) is arranged.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Arbeitsgerät der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung.The invention relates to a working device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
Aus der
Wird der Kraftstoff im Kraftstoffsystem, insbesondere im Einspritzventil zu stark erhitzt, so können sich Dampfblasen bilden, die die Zufuhr von Kraftstoff zum Verbrennungsmotor beeinträchtigen. Besonders bei Kraftstoffsystemen mit niedrigem Kraftstoffdruck wird bereits bei vergleichsweise niedrigen Temperaturen eine Dampfblasenbildung beobachtet.If the fuel in the fuel system, in particular in the injector heated too much, so steam bubbles can form, which affect the supply of fuel to the engine. Particularly in fuel systems with low fuel pressure, vapor bubble formation is observed even at comparatively low temperatures.
Die
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Arbeitsgerät der gattungsgemäßen Art zu schaffen, bei dem auf einfache Weise eine gute Kühlung des Einspritzventils erreicht wird.The invention has for its object to provide a working device of the generic type, in which a simple way of good cooling of the injector is achieved.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Arbeitsgerät mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a working device with the features of claim 1.
Das Kurbelgehäuse ist nicht mittig geteilt. Die Trennebene besitzt zu einer gedachten Mittelebene einen Abstand. Die Mittelebene ist die Ebene, die die Zylinderlängsachse enthält und die senkrecht zur Drehachse der Kurbelwelle verläuft. Die Trennebene und die Mittelebene sind zwei Ebenen, die parallel zueinander verlaufen. Die Drehachse der Kurbelwelle bildet eine Gerade, die die Mittelebene und die Trennebene an zwei zueinander beabstandeten Punkten schneidet. Die Trennfläche verläuft dabei am Einspritzventil an der dem Lüftergehäuse abgewandten Seite der gedachten Ebene. Auf der Höhe des Einspritzventils ist die Trennfläche demnach auf die dem Lüftergehäuse abgewandte Seite der gedachten Ebene versetzt. Vorteilhaft verläuft die Trennfläche vollständig auf der dem Lüftergehäuse abgewandten Seite der gedachten Ebene. Der Abstand beträgt vorteilhaft etwa 10% bis etwa 50% der parallel zur Drehachse der Kurbelwelle gemessenen Breite des Kurbelgehäuseinnenraums. Besonders vorteilhaft beträgt der Abstand 20% bis 40%, insbesondere 30% bis 40% der Breite des Kurbelgehäuseinnenraums.The crankcase is not split in the middle. The parting plane has a distance to an imaginary center plane. The median plane is the plane containing the cylinder longitudinal axis and which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft. The dividing plane and the median plane are two planes that are parallel to each other. The axis of rotation of the crankshaft forms a straight line which intersects the median plane and the parting plane at two spaced-apart points. The separating surface extends at the injection valve on the side facing away from the fan housing of the imaginary plane. At the height of the injection valve, the separating surface is therefore offset to the fan housing remote from the imaginary plane. Advantageously, the separating surface runs completely on the side facing away from the fan housing of the imaginary plane. The distance is advantageously about 10% to about 50% of the measured parallel to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft width of the crankcase interior. Particularly advantageously, the distance is 20% to 40%, in particular 30% to 40% of the width of the crankcase interior.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass das erste Gehäuseteil im Betrieb aufgrund der Kühlung des Lüftergehäuses durch das Lüfterrad merklich kühler als das zweite Gehäuseteil ist. Gleichzeitig besitzt das erste Gehäuseteil aufgrund der bezogen auf die Mittelebene unsymmetrischen Anordnung der Trennfläche eine größere Masse als das zweite Gehäuseteil sowie eine größere Oberfläche. Aufgrund der größeren Masse wird das zweite Gehäuseteil langsamer erwärmt als das erste Gehäuseteil. Die größere Oberfläche bewirkt eine schnellere Wärmeabgabe an die Umgebung. Durch die Anordnung des Einspritzventils an dem ersten, kühleren Gehäuseteil wird eine geringere Erwärmung des Einspritzventils erreicht. Die Trennfläche ist dabei vorteilhaft mindestens in dem Bereich, in dem eine Aufnahmeöffnung für das Einspritzventil bzw. einem das Einspritzventil tragenden Halter angeordnet ist, zum zweiten Gehäuseteil hin versetzt. Der Abstand zwischen Trennebene und Mittelebene ist vorteilhaft mindestens in dem Bereich gegeben, in dem die Aufnahmeöffnung in der Projektion in Richtung der Drehachse der Kurbelwelle auf die Trennebene angeordnet ist. Die Trennebene schneidet vorteilhaft die am Kurbelgehäuse ausgebildete Aufnahmeöffnung für das Einspritzventil nicht. Dadurch, dass die Trennebene benachbart zum Einspritzventil zum zweiten Gehäuseteil hin versetzt ist, steht ausreichend Bauraum für die Anordnung der Aufnahmeöffnung bzw. des Einspritzventils am ersten Gehäuseteil zur Verfügung.It has been found that the first housing part is noticeably cooler than the second housing part during operation due to the cooling of the fan housing by the fan wheel. At the same time, the first housing part has a larger mass than the second housing part and a larger surface due to the unbalanced relative to the center plane arrangement of the separating surface. Due to the larger mass, the second housing part is heated more slowly than the first housing part. The larger surface causes faster heat dissipation to the environment. The arrangement of the injection valve to the first, cooler housing part a lower heating of the injection valve is achieved. The separating surface is advantageously offset to the second housing part at least in the area in which a receiving opening for the injection valve or a holder carrying the injection valve is arranged. The distance between parting plane and center plane is advantageously given at least in the region in which the receiving opening is arranged in the projection in the direction of the axis of rotation of the crankshaft to the parting plane. The dividing plane advantageously does not intersect the receiving opening for the injection valve formed on the crankcase. By having the parting plane adjacent is offset to the injection valve to the second housing part, there is sufficient space for the arrangement of the receiving opening and the injection valve on the first housing part available.
Der Temperaturunterschied zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Gehäuseteil kann in einer Größenordnung von etwa 10 K liegen. Dieser Temperaturunterschied zwischen erstem und zweitem Gehäuseteil kann je nach Betriebszustand des Verbrennungsmotors und Druck im Kraftstoffsystem für eine zuverlässige Kraftstoffzufuhr über das Einspritzventil ausschlaggebend sein.The temperature difference between the first and the second housing part may be on the order of about 10 K. Depending on the operating state of the internal combustion engine and the pressure in the fuel system, this temperature difference between the first and second housing parts can be decisive for reliable fuel supply via the injection valve.
Die zu kühlenden Komponenten des Arbeitsgeräts sind vorteilhaft an dem ersten Gehäuseteil angeordnet. Dabei ist insbesondere das Einspritzventil an dem ersten Gehäuseteil festgelegt. Hierzu ist vorteilhaft vorgesehen, dass der Halter, in dem das Einspritzventil angeordnet ist, an dem ersten Gehäuseteil, und zwar an einer an dem ersten Gehäuseteil ausgebildeten Aufnahmeöffnung am Außenumfang des Kurbelgehäuses angeordnet ist. Der Halter für das Einspritzventil ist in der Aufnahmeöffnung vorteilhaft über eine Radialdichtung abgedichtet. Damit eine gute radiale Abdichtung des Halters möglich ist, ist die Aufnahmeöffnung vorteilhaft vollständig in dem ersten Gehäuseteil ausgebildet. Dadurch, dass der Halter radial abgedichtet ist, dienen zusätzliche Befestigungsmittel wie Befestigungsschrauben lediglich zur Sicherung des Halters am Kurbelgehäuse. Über die Sicherungsmittel wie beispielsweise Schrauben müssen somit keine Dichtkräfte aufgebracht werden. Die Dichtkräfte werden durch die Abmessungen der Dichtung und der Aufnahmeöffnung definiert und sind unabhängig von der Anzugskraft der Befestigungsschrauben. Durch diesen Aufbau kann auf einfache Weise eine sichere Abdichtung erreicht werden. Vorteilhaft besitzt der Verbrennungsmotor mindestens einen Sensor, der am Außenumfang des Kurbelgehäuses an dem ersten Gehäuseteil angeordnet ist. Der Sensor ist dabei vorteilhaft an der Außenseite des Kurbelgehäuses angeordnet. Auch eine Anordnung an der den Außenumfang bildenden Kurbelgehäusewand im Kurbelgehäuseinneren kann jedoch vorteilhaft sein. Auch für den Sensor werden aufgrund der Anordnung an dem ersten Gehäuseteil geringere Temperaturen erreicht. Der Sensor kann beispielsweise ein Drucksensor, ein Temperatursensor oder ein kombinierter Druck-Temperatur-Sensor sein. Auch die Anordnung mehrerer Sensoren an dem ersten Gehäuseteil kann vorteilhaft sein.The components to be cooled of the working device are advantageously arranged on the first housing part. In particular, the injection valve is fixed to the first housing part. For this purpose, it is advantageously provided that the holder in which the injection valve is arranged, on the first housing part, and that is arranged on a formed on the first housing part receiving opening on the outer circumference of the crankcase. The holder for the injection valve is advantageously sealed in the receiving opening via a radial seal. In order for a good radial sealing of the holder is possible, the receiving opening is advantageously formed completely in the first housing part. Characterized in that the holder is radially sealed, additional fastening means such as fastening screws serve only to secure the holder on the crankcase. About the securing means such as screws so no sealing forces must be applied. The sealing forces are defined by the dimensions of the seal and the receiving opening and are independent of the tightening force of the fixing screws. By this construction, a secure seal can be achieved in a simple manner. Advantageously, the internal combustion engine has at least one sensor which is arranged on the outer circumference of the crankcase on the first housing part. The sensor is advantageously arranged on the outside of the crankcase. However, an arrangement on the outer circumference forming crankcase wall in the crankcase interior may also be advantageous. Lower temperatures are also achieved for the sensor due to the arrangement on the first housing part. The sensor may be, for example, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor or a combined pressure-temperature sensor be. The arrangement of several sensors on the first housing part may be advantageous.
Der Verbrennungsmotor besitzt vorteilhaft einen Zylinder, der an einem Zylinderanschlussflansch auf das Kurbelgehäuse aufgesetzt ist. Der Zylinderanschlussflansch verläuft dabei vorteilhaft senkrecht zur Zylinderlängsachse und insbesondere senkrecht zur Trennfläche zwischen den beiden Gehäuseteilen des Kurbelgehäuses. Ein erster Abschnitt des Zylinderanschlussflanschs wird vorteilhaft von dem ersten Gehäuseteil gebildet und ein zweiter Abschnitt des Zylinderanschlussflanschs von dem zweiten Gehäuseteil. Durch die Ausbildung des Zylinderanschlussflanschs an beiden Gehäuseteilen wird die Entformung der Gehäuseteile bei der Herstellung in einem Druckgussverfahren in Richtung der Drehachse der Kurbelwelle ermöglicht. Dadurch wird die Herstellung vereinfacht.The internal combustion engine advantageously has a cylinder which is mounted on a cylinder connection flange on the crankcase. The cylinder connection flange extends advantageously perpendicular to the cylinder longitudinal axis and in particular perpendicular to the separating surface between the two housing parts of the crankcase. A first section of the cylinder connection flange is advantageously formed by the first housing part and a second section of the cylinder connection flange by the second housing part. Due to the design of the cylinder connection flange on both housing parts, the demolding of the housing parts in the production in a die-casting process in the direction of the axis of rotation of the crankshaft is made possible. This simplifies manufacture.
Um eine gute Kühlung des Einspritzventils zu erreichen und die Bildung von Dampfblasen im Einspritzventil zu vermeiden, ist vorteilhaft vorgesehen, den Kühlbereich, in dem das Einspritzventil angeordnet ist, gezielt zu kühlen. Hierzu ist vorteilhaft eine Verbindungsöffnung im Lüftergehäuse vorgesehen, über die vom Lüfterrad geförderte Kühlluft in den Kühlbereich strömt. Dadurch kann eine gezielte und sehr gute Kühlung des Einspritzventils erreicht werden kann. Dabei kann die Verbindungsöffnung auf der Saugseite oder der Druckseite des Lüfterrads liegen, die Kühlluft kann also über den Kühlbereich zum Lüfterrad angesaugt oder vom Lüfterrad in den Kühlbereich gefördert werden. Über die Verbindungsöffnung lässt sich eine gezielte, von der Kühlung des Zylinders separate Kühlung des Einspritzventils erreichen. Über die Verbindungsöffnung gelangt kühle, nicht vom Verbrennungsmotor erwärmte Luft in den Kühlbereich. Der Kühlbereich, in dem das Einspritzventil angeordnet ist, hat dabei vorteilhaft ein vergleichsweise kleines Volumen, so dass sich eine gute und gezielte Kühlung ergibt. Der Kühlbereich muss kein vollständig abgeschlossener Raum sein. Das Einspritzventil muss nicht direkt der in den Kühlbereich strömenden Kühlluft ausgesetzt sein, sondern kann indirekt gekühlt werden, beispielsweise, wenn das Einspritzventil in einem in dem Kühlbereich angeordneten Gehäuse oder Halter angeordnet ist. In dem Kühlbereich können vorteilhaft weitere Bauteile wie Komponenten des Kraftstoffsystems, Sensoren oder dgl. angeordnet sein.In order to achieve a good cooling of the injection valve and to avoid the formation of vapor bubbles in the injection valve, it is advantageously provided to specifically cool the cooling region in which the injection valve is arranged. For this purpose, a connection opening in the fan housing is advantageously provided, via which cooling air conveyed by the fan wheel flows into the cooling area. This allows a targeted and very good cooling of the injector can be achieved. In this case, the connection opening on the suction side or the pressure side of the fan are, the cooling air can therefore be sucked over the cooling area to the fan or promoted by the fan in the cooling area. Via the connection opening, it is possible to achieve a targeted cooling of the injection valve which is separate from the cooling of the cylinder. Cool, not heated by the engine air enters the cooling area via the connection opening. The cooling region in which the injection valve is arranged advantageously has a comparatively small volume, so that good and targeted cooling results. The cooling area does not have to be a completely closed room. The injection valve need not be exposed directly to the cooling air flowing into the cooling area, but may be indirectly cooled, for example, when the injection valve is arranged in a housing arranged in the cooling area or holder. Advantageously, further components such as components of the fuel system, sensors or the like can be arranged in the cooling region.
Insbesondere in handgeführten, tragbaren Arbeitsgeräten wie Motorsägen, Trennschleifern, Freischneidern oder dgl. und in handgeführten, fahrbaren Arbeitsgeräten wie Rasenmähern oder dgl. kommen kleine Verbrennungsmotoren, insbesondere Zweitaktmotoren zum Einsatz. Diese Motoren, insbesondere schnell laufende Zweitaktmotoren, erwärmen sich im Betrieb sehr stark. Gleichzeitig steht nur wenig Bauraum zu Verfügung, da derartige Arbeitsgeräte möglichst kompakt aufgebaut sein sollen, um eine einfache Handhabung zu gewährleisten. Diese Verbrennungsmotoren besitzen üblicherweise nur mechanisch vom Verbrennungsmotor angetriebene Kraftstoffpumpen und arbeiten meist mit vergleichsweise geringem Kraftstoffdruck, der beispielsweise weniger als 3 bar Überdruck, insbesondere weniger als 1 bar Überdruck gegenüber dem Umgebungsdruck betragen kann. Aufgrund der hohen Temperaturen im Betrieb und des geringen Drucks im Kraftstoffsystem ist eine Dampfblasenbildung begünstigt. Dampfblasen im Kraftstoffsystem können eine Zufuhr von Kraftstoff zum Verbrennungsmotor verhindern, da die Pumpleistung der Pumpe von dem gebildeten Gasvolumen teilweise oder vollständig kompensiert werden kann. Dampfblasen im Kraftstoffsystem können daher den Betrieb des Verbrennungsmotors verhindern. Insbesondere bei Zweitaktmotoren in handgeführten Arbeitsgeräten, bei denen mit geringem Kraftstoffdruck gearbeitet wird und bei denen in kleinem Bauraum viel Wärme entsteht, ist deshalb die Dampfblasenbildung problematisch.Especially in hand-held, portable work tools such as chainsaws, cutters, brushcutters or the like. And in hand-held, mobile equipment such as lawn mowers or the like. Small combustion engines, especially two-stroke engines are used. These engines, especially high-speed two-stroke engines, heat up very much during operation. At the same time there is little space available, since such tools should be as compact as possible to ensure easy handling. These internal combustion engines usually have only mechanically driven by the engine fuel pumps and usually work with comparatively low fuel pressure, which may be, for example, less than 3 bar overpressure, in particular less than 1 bar overpressure relative to the ambient pressure. Due to the high temperatures during operation and the low pressure in the fuel system, vapor bubble formation is favored. Steam bubbles in the fuel system may prevent fuel from being supplied to the engine because the pump power of the pump may be partially or fully compensated for by the volume of gas formed. Steam bubbles in the fuel system can therefore prevent the operation of the internal combustion engine. In particular, in two-stroke engines in hand-held implements, which operate at low fuel pressure and where a lot of heat is produced in a small space, therefore, the formation of vapor bubbles is problematic.
Vorteilhaft ist die Verbindungsöffnung in einem Überdruckbereich des Lüftergehäuses angeordnet, so dass Kühlluft vom Lüfterrad in den Kühlbereich, in dem das Einspritzventil angeordnet ist, gefördert wird. Es kann jedoch auch vorteilhaft sein, dass die Verbindungsöffnung in einem Unterdruckbereich des Lüftergehäuses angeordnet ist und die Kühlluft über den Kühlbereich in das Lüftergehäuse angesaugt wird. Bei der Anordnung der Verbindungsöffnung in einem Überdruckbereich ergibt sich ein größerer Kühlluftstrom als bei Anordnung in einem Unterdruckbereich. Deshalb kann die Anordnung in einem Überdruckbereich zur Erzielung einer effektiven Kühlung besonders vorteilhaft sein. Die Verbindungsöffnung ist vorteilhaft über einen Luftführungskanal mit dem Kühlbereich verbunden, so dass eine gezielte Führung der Kühlluft in den Kühlbereich möglich ist. Ein einfacher Aufbau ergibt sich, wenn der Kühlbereich von einem Luftführungsbauteil begrenzt ist. Vorteilhaft wird auch der Luftführungskanal durch das Luftführungsbauteil begrenzt. Dadurch ergibt sich ein einfacher Aufbau. Das Luftführungsbauteil besteht vorteilhaft mindestens teilweise aus Kunststoff. Das Luftführungsbauteil wirkt dadurch thermisch isolierend. Insbesondere bei abgeschaltetem Verbrennungsmotor wird dadurch eine übermäßige Erhitzung des Luftführungsbauteils durch Wärmeleitung vom noch heißen Verbrennungsmotor vermieden. Dadurch kann eine übermäßige Wärmeübertragung auf das Einspritzventil und damit eine Dampfblasenbildung im Einspritzventil bei abgestelltem, noch heißen Verbrennungsmotor vermieden werden. Das Luftführungsbauteil ist vorteilhaft am Außenumfang des Kurbelgehäuses angeordnet. Der Kühlbereich, in dem das Einspritzventil angeordnet ist, wird vorteilhaft vom Kurbelgehäuse und von dem Luftführungsbauteil begrenzt.Advantageously, the connection opening is arranged in an overpressure region of the fan housing, so that cooling air is conveyed from the fan wheel into the cooling region in which the injection valve is arranged. However, it may also be advantageous that the connection opening is arranged in a negative pressure region of the fan housing and the cooling air is sucked into the fan housing via the cooling region. When the connection opening is arranged in an overpressure region, there is a greater flow of cooling air than when arranged in a vacuum region. Therefore, the arrangement in an overpressure region can be particularly advantageous for achieving effective cooling. The connection opening is advantageously connected via an air duct with the cooling area, so that a targeted guidance of the cooling air in the cooling area is possible. One simple construction results when the cooling area is limited by an air guide component. Advantageously, the air duct is limited by the air guide member. This results in a simple structure. The air guide component is advantageously at least partially made of plastic. The air guide component thereby acts thermally insulating. In particular, when the internal combustion engine is switched off excessive heating of the air guide component is avoided by heat conduction from the still hot engine. As a result, excessive heat transfer to the injection valve and thus vapor bubble formation in the injection valve when the engine is still hot can be avoided. The air guide component is advantageously arranged on the outer circumference of the crankcase. The cooling region in which the injection valve is arranged is advantageously limited by the crankcase and by the air guidance component.
Der Verbrennungsmotor ist vorteilhaft ein gemischgeschmierter Verbrennungsmotor. Der Verbrennungsmotor kann dabei ein Zweitaktmotor oder ein gemischgeschmierter Viertaktmotor sein. Das Einspritzventil führt den Kraftstoff vorteilhaft direkt in den Kurbelgehäuseinnenraum zu. Die Gemischbildung erfolgt vorteilhaft im Kurbelgehäuseinnenraum. Die Zufuhr des Kraftstoffs direkt in den Kurbelgehäuseinnenraum gewährleistet eine gute Schmierung der Teile im Kurbelgehäuse. Des Weiteren kann das Einspritzventil am Kurbelgehäuse angeordnet werden, das im Betrieb deutlich kühler ist als der Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors. Das Einspritzventil kann am Kurbelgehäuse vergleichsweise weit entfernt vom heißen Zylinder angeordnet werden, um die Wärmeübertragung auf das Einspritzventil möglichst gering zu halten. Das Einspritzventil ist insbesondere in einem Halter aus Kunststoff angeordnet, der am Kurbelgehäuse befestigt ist und der mindestens teilweise in dem Kühlbereich angeordnet ist. Das Einspritzventil wird demnach nicht direkt von dem vom Lüfterrad geförderten Kühlluftstrom umströmt, sondern kann indirekt über den Halter gekühlt werden. Die Oberfläche des Halters wird aktiv gekühlt. Die geringere Temperatur des Halters führt zu einer geringeren Temperatur des Einspritzventils bzw. zu einer geringeren Erwärmung des Einspritzventils. Der Halter aus Kunststoff verringert ebenfalls die Wärmeübertragung vom Kurbelgehäuse zum Einspritzventil. Insbesondere bei abgestelltem Verbrennungsmotor, wenn keine Kühlluft mehr gefördert wird, kann dadurch eine übermäßige Aufheizung des Einspritzventils vermieden werden. Der Kraftstoff wird dem Einspritzventil vorteilhaft über einen Druckdämpfer zugeführt. Ein einfacher Aufbau ergibt sich, wenn der Druckdämpfer in den Halter des Einspritzventils integriert ist. Dadurch wird von dem über die Verbindungsöffnung geförderten Kühlluftstrom nicht nur das Einspritzventil, sondern auch der Druckdämpfer gekühlt. Der Druckdämpfer ist dabei vorteilhaft ebenfalls in dem Kühlbereich angeordnet.The internal combustion engine is advantageously a mixture-lubricated internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine may be a two-stroke engine or a mixture-lubricated four-stroke engine. The injection valve advantageously delivers the fuel directly into the crankcase interior. The mixture formation is advantageously carried out in the crankcase interior. The supply of fuel directly into the crankcase interior ensures good lubrication of the parts in the crankcase. Furthermore, the injection valve can be arranged on the crankcase, which is significantly cooler during operation than the cylinder of the internal combustion engine. The injection valve can be arranged comparatively far away from the hot cylinder on the crankcase in order to keep the heat transfer to the injection valve as low as possible. The injection valve is arranged in particular in a holder made of plastic, which is fastened to the crankcase and which is arranged at least partially in the cooling region. Accordingly, the injection valve is not directly flowed around by the cooling air flow conveyed by the fan wheel, but can be cooled indirectly via the holder. The surface of the holder is actively cooled. The lower temperature of the holder leads to a lower temperature of the injection valve or to a lower heating of the injection valve. The plastic holder also reduces heat transfer from the crankcase to the injection valve. In particular, when the internal combustion engine, if no more cooling air is promoted, thereby excessive heating of the injector can be avoided. The fuel is advantageously fed to the injection valve via a pressure damper. A simple structure results when the pressure damper is integrated in the holder of the injection valve. As a result, not only the injection valve, but also the pressure damper is cooled by the cooling air flow conveyed via the connection opening. The pressure damper is advantageously also arranged in the cooling area.
Das Kurbelgehäuse besitzt vorteilhaft ein erstes und ein zweites Gehäuseteil, zwischen denen eine Trennfläche gebildet ist. An der Trennfläche sind die beiden Gehäuseteile vorteilhaft miteinander verbunden, insbesondere unter Zwischenlage einer Dichtung. Die Trennfläche liegt mindestens teilweise in einer gedachten Trennebene. Die Trennfläche kann dabei vollständig in der Trennebene verlaufen oder beispielsweise mindestens eine Stufe aufweisen, so dass nur ein Abschnitt der Trennfläche in der gedachten Trennebene liegt. Die Trennebene ist dabei so ausgerichtet, dass eine gedachte Verlängerung der Trennfläche senkrecht zur Drehachse der Kurbelwelle liegt. Dabei soll die Anordnung der Trennfläche zur Drehachse der Kurbelwelle im Wesentlichen senkrecht sein. Abweichungen von einigen Winkelgraden zur exakt senkrechten Ausrichtung sind unschädlich. Die Trennebene liegt dabei parallel zur Zylinderlängsachse An dem ersten Gehäuseteil ist das Lüftergehäuse angeordnet. Das erste Gehäuseteil und das zweite Gehäuseteil sind insbesondere Druckgussteile, an denen weitere Bauteile angeformt sind. Die beiden Gehäuseteile sind vorteilhaft aus Magnesiumdruckguss. Auch das Lüftergehäuse ist vorteilhaft an dem ersten Gehäuseteil angeformt, also einteilig mit diesem ausgebildet. Am ersten Gehäuseteil ist vorteilhaft auch das Einspritzventil gehalten.The crankcase advantageously has a first and a second housing part, between which a separating surface is formed. At the parting surface, the two housing parts are advantageously connected to each other, in particular with the interposition of a seal. The separation surface lies at least partially in an imaginary parting plane. In this case, the separating surface can run completely in the separating plane or, for example, have at least one step, so that only a section of the separating surface lies in the imaginary parting plane. The parting plane is aligned so that an imaginary extension of the separating surface is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft. The arrangement of the separation surface should be substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft. Deviations from a few degrees to the exact vertical orientation are harmless. The parting plane is parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis on the first housing part, the fan housing is arranged. The first housing part and the second housing part are in particular die-cast parts, on which further components are molded. The two housing parts are advantageously made of magnesium die-cast. Also, the fan housing is advantageously integrally formed on the first housing part, that is integrally formed therewith. On the first housing part and the injection valve is advantageously held.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Seitenansicht eines Trennschleifers,
- Fig. 2
- einen teilweise schematisch gezeigten Schnitt durch den Verbrennungsmotor des Trennschleifers aus
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 3
- eine Seitenansicht auf das Kurbelgehäuse des Verbrennungsmotors in Richtung des Pfeils III in
Fig. 2 , - Fig. 4
- einen Schnitt entlang der Linie IV-IV in
Fig. 2 , wobei der Halter des Einspritzventils nicht geschnitten gezeigt ist, - Fig. 5
- einen Schnitt durch das erste Gehäuseteil des Kurbelgehäuses entlang der Linie V-V in
Fig. 2 , wobei der Halter des Einspritzventils nicht geschnitten gezeigt ist, - Fig. 6
- einen Schnitt durch das erste Gehäuseteil und den Halter des Einspritzventils entlang der Linie VI-VI in
Fig. 3 , - Fig. 7
- eine perspektivische Darstellung des ersten Gehäuseteils des Kurbelgehäuses und
- Fig. 8
- eine Seitenansicht auf den Verbrennungsmotor in Richtung des Pfeils III in
Fig. 2 .
- Fig. 1
- a side view of a cutting grinder,
- Fig. 2
- a partially schematically shown section through the engine of the cutting grinder
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 3
- a side view of the crankcase of the internal combustion engine in the direction of arrow III in
Fig. 2 . - Fig. 4
- a section along the line IV-IV in
Fig. 2 wherein the holder of the injection valve is not shown cut, - Fig. 5
- a section through the first housing part of the crankcase along the line VV in
Fig. 2 wherein the holder of the injection valve is not shown cut, - Fig. 6
- a section through the first housing part and the holder of the injection valve along the line VI-VI in
Fig. 3 . - Fig. 7
- a perspective view of the first housing part of the crankcase and
- Fig. 8
- a side view of the internal combustion engine in the direction of arrow III in
Fig. 2 ,
Der Trennschleifer 1 besitzt ein Gehäuse 2, an dem ein Ausleger 3 festgelegt ist. Am freien Ende des Auslegers 3 ist eine Trennscheibe 4 drehbar gelagert, die an ihrem Umfang teilweise von einer Schutzhaube 5 abgedeckt ist. Zum Führen des Trennschleifers 1 dient ein oberer Handgriff 6, der einteilig mit einer Haube 8 des Gehäuses 2 ausgebildet ist, sowie ein Griffrohr 7, das das Gehäuse 2 an der der Trennscheibe 4 zugewandten Vorderseite des Gehäuses 2 übergreift. Am oberen Handgriff 6 sind ein Gashebel 10 sowie eine Gashebelsperre 11 schwenkbar gelagert. Anstatt des oberen Handgriffs 6 kann auch ein hinterer Handgriff vorgesehen sein. An der der Trennscheibe 4 abgewandten Seite des Gehäuses 2 ist ein Luftfilterdeckel 9 am Gehäuse 2 festgelegt. Im Gehäuse 2 ist ein Verbrennungsmotor 12 angeordnet, der über eine Starteinrichtung zu starten ist. Die Starteinrichtung kann über einen Anwerfgriff 15 betätigt werden. Es kann jedoch auch eine elektrische Starteinrichtung vorgesehen sein. Im Gehäuse 2 ist außerdem eine in
Am Außenumfang des Kurbelgehäuses 16 ist ein Halter 33 angeordnet, der über eine Radialdichtung 42 gegenüber dem Kurbelgehäuse 16 abgedichtet ist. Im Halter 33 ist eine Aufnahme 34 für ein Einspritzventil 43 (
Im Betrieb wird im Bereich des oberen Totpunkts des Kolbens 25 Verbrennungsluft aus dem Ansaugkanal 30 über den Einlass 22 in den Kurbelgehäuseinnenraum 18 angesaugt. Die Verbrennungsluft wird beim Abwärtshub des Kolbens 25 im Kurbelgehäuseinnenraum 18 verdichtet. In den Kurbelgehäuseinnenraum 18 wird außerdem über das Einspritzventil 43 (
Wie
Das Kurbelgehäuse 16 ist von einem ersten Gehäuseteil 36 und einem zweiten Gehäuseteil 37 begrenzt, zwischen denen eine Trennfläche 40 gebildet ist. Die beiden Gehäuseteile 36 und 37 liegen an der Trennfläche 40 vorteilhaft unter Zwischenlage einer Dichtung, insbesondere einer Papierdichtung aneinander an. Die Trennfläche 40 kann beispielsweise etwa teilkreisförmig sein. Die Trennfläche 40 verläuft im Ausführungsbeispiel parallel zu einer in
Der Abstand a ist benachbart zum Einspritzventil 43, also in der Projektion der Aufnahmeöffnung 52 (
Wie die
Wie
Wie
Wie
Wie
Wie
Wie
Alternativ kann auch vorgesehen sein, die Verbindungsöffnung 48 im Unterdruckbereich des Lüfterrads anzuordnen. Das Einspritzventil 43 wird dann von der vom Lüfterrad angesaugten Kühlluft gekühlt.Alternatively, it can also be provided to arrange the
Sowohl der Halter 33 als auch das Luftführungsbauteil 44 bestehen aus Kunststoff. Die Bauteile wirken damit als Isolator, so dass sich ein schlechter Wärmeübergang vom Kurbelgehäuse auf das Einspritzventil ergibt. Dadurch kann auch bei abgestellter Maschine sichergestellt werden, dass das Einspritzventil nicht zu stark erhitzt wird, selbst wenn das Lüfterrad nicht mehr angetrieben, das Kurbelgehäuse und der Zylinder aber noch warm sind. Durch die Anordnung des Einspritzventils am Kurbelgehäuse wird die Erwärmung des Einspritzventils gegenüber einer Anordnung am Zylinder ebenfalls deutlich verringert. Der Halter 33 könnte alternativ auch vollständig oder teilweise aus Metall bestehen. Als besonders vorteilhaft wird eine Gestaltung angesehen, bei der der mit dem Kurbelgehäuse 16 in Kontakt stehende Bereich des Halters 33 aus Kunststoff besteht und eine Isolierung zum Kurbelgehäuse 16 bewirkt. Der nicht direkt mit dem Kurbelgehäuse 16 in Kontakt stehende, aber von Kühlluft umströmte Bereich des Halters 33 kann vorteilhaft aus Metall bestehen, so dass die Wärme im Halter 33 über den metallischen Abschnitt gut an die Umgebung, insbesondere an die Kühlluft abgegeben wird. Es kann alternativ oder zusätzlich vorgesehen sein, dass der Halter 33 in dem von Kühlluft umströmten Bereich mindestens eine Kühlrippe zur Verbesserung der Wärmeabgabe an die Kühlluft besitzt. Vorteilhaft kann auch das Einspritzventil 43 selbst mit der Kühlluft in Kontakt stehen und/oder mindestens eine Kühlfläche besitzen, die vorteilhaft an einer Kühlrippe ausgebildet sein kann.Both the
Das Lüftergehäuse 32 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel an das erste Gehäuseteil 36 des Kurbelgehäuses 16 angeformt. Es kann jedoch auch vorteilhaft sein, das Lüftergehäuse 32 als separates Bauteil auszubilden. Das Lüftergehäuse 32 kann einteilig oder mehrteilig sein und mindestens teilweise aus Kunststoff bestehen. Das Lüftergehäuse 32 kann auch teilweise oder vollständig durch benachbarte Bauteile gebildet und begrenzt sein.The
Claims (14)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand (a) etwa 10% bis etwa 50% der parallel zur Drehachse (17) der Kurbelwelle (26) gemessenen Breite (c) des Kurbelgehäuseinnenraums (18) beträgt.Working device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the distance (a) about 10% to about 50% of the parallel to the rotation axis (17) of the crankshaft (26) measured width (c) of the crankcase interior (18).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand (a) etwa 20% bis etwa 40% der parallel zur Drehachse (17) der Kurbelwelle (26) gemessenen Breite (c) des Kurbelgehäuseinnenraums (18) beträgt.Working device according to claim 2,
characterized in that the distance (a) about 20% to about 40% of the parallel to the rotation axis (17) of the crankshaft (26) measured width (c) of the crankcase interior (18).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Einspritzventil (43) in einem Halter (33) aus Kunststoff angeordnet ist.Tool according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the injection valve (43) is arranged in a holder (33) made of plastic.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Halter (33) am Kurbelgehäuse (16) befestigt ist und mindestens teilweise in dem Kühlbereich (64) angeordnet ist.Working device according to claim 4,
characterized in that the holder (33) is attached to the crankcase (16) and at least partially disposed in the cooling region (64).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Halter (33) in einer Aufnahmeöffnung (52) des Kurbelgehäuses (16) angeordnet ist.Tool according to claim 4 or 5,
characterized in that the holder (33) is arranged in a receiving opening (52) of the crankcase (16).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aufnahmeöffnung (52) vollständig im ersten Gehäuseteil (36) ausgebildet ist.Working device according to claim 6,
characterized in that the receiving opening (52) is formed completely in the first housing part (36).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am ersten Gehäuseteil (36) zwei Befestigungsöffnungen (62) vorgesehen sind, an denen der Halter (33) am Kurbelgehäuse (16) verschraubt werden kann.Tool according to one of claims 4 to 7,
characterized in that on the first housing part (36) has two fastening openings (62) are provided, on which the holder (33) on the crankcase (16) can be screwed.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbrennungsmotor (12) ein gemischgeschmierter Verbrennungsmotor (12) ist, und dass das Einspritzventil (43) den Kraftstoff direkt in den Kurbelgehäuseinnenraum (18) zuführt.Tool according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized in that the internal combustion engine (12) is a mixture lubricated internal combustion engine (12), and that the injection valve (43) supplies the fuel directly into the crankcase interior (18).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbrennungsmotor (12) mindestens einen Sensor (53) besitzt, der am Außenumfang des Kurbelgehäuses (16) an dem ersten Gehäuseteil (36) angeordnet ist.Tool according to one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized in that the internal combustion engine (12) has at least one sensor (53) which is arranged on the outer circumference of the crankcase (16) on the first housing part (36).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kurbelgehäuse (16) eine Montageöffnung (31) für den Sensor (53) besitzt.Tool according to claim 10,
characterized in that the crankcase (16) has a mounting opening (31) for the sensor (53).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am ersten Gehäuseteil (36) benachbart zur Montageöffnung (31) zwei Befestigungsöffnungen (63) zur Befestigung des Sensors (53) in der Montageöffnung (31) vorgesehen sind.Tool according to claim 11,
characterized in that on the first housing part (36) adjacent to the mounting opening (31) has two fastening openings (63) for fixing the sensor (53) in the mounting opening (31) are provided.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (53) ein kombinierter Druck-Temperatur-Sensor ist.Tool according to one of claims 10 to 12,
characterized in that the sensor (53) is a combined pressure-temperature sensor.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbrennungsmotor (12) einen Zylinder (19) besitzt, der an einem Zylinderanschlussflansch auf das Kurbelgehäuse (16) aufgesetzt ist, wobei ein erster Abschnitt (54) des Zylinderanschlussflanschs von dem ersten Gehäuseteil (36) gebildet ist und ein zweiter Abschnitt (55) des Zylinderanschlussflanschs von dem zweiten Gehäuseteil (37) gebildet ist.Tool according to one of claims 1 to 13,
characterized in that the internal combustion engine (12) has a cylinder (19) which is mounted on a Zylinderanschlussflansch on the crankcase (16), wherein a first portion (54) of the Zylinderanschlussflanschs of the first housing part (36) is formed and a second Section (55) of the Zylinderanschlussflanschs of the second housing part (37) is formed.
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DE102011120464A DE102011120464A1 (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2011-12-07 | implement |
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JP6411200B2 (en) | 2014-12-10 | 2018-10-24 | 株式会社やまびこ | Vaporizer for air-driven two-stroke engine |
EP3489481B1 (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2020-05-13 | Andreas Stihl AG & Co. KG | Manually operated work device |
EP3715599B1 (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2022-02-23 | Andreas Stihl AG & Co. KG | Two-stroke engine |
DE102020000989A1 (en) | 2020-02-15 | 2021-08-19 | Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg | Two-stroke engine and method of operating a two-stroke engine |
US11946408B2 (en) | 2020-03-02 | 2024-04-02 | Yamabiko Corporation | Two-stroke internal combustion engine and engine working machine |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103174502A (en) | 2013-06-26 |
CN103174502B (en) | 2017-03-01 |
US20140000537A1 (en) | 2014-01-02 |
EP3009665B1 (en) | 2018-02-14 |
US10329994B2 (en) | 2019-06-25 |
DE102011120464A1 (en) | 2013-06-13 |
EP2607642A1 (en) | 2013-06-26 |
EP2607642B1 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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