EP3006887A1 - Dispositif de transmission de la chaleur à faisceau tubulaire - Google Patents

Dispositif de transmission de la chaleur à faisceau tubulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3006887A1
EP3006887A1 EP14187930.4A EP14187930A EP3006887A1 EP 3006887 A1 EP3006887 A1 EP 3006887A1 EP 14187930 A EP14187930 A EP 14187930A EP 3006887 A1 EP3006887 A1 EP 3006887A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube bundle
heat exchanger
housing
tube
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14187930.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3006887B1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Schmid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suelzle Holding & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Kopf Syngas & Co KG GmbH
Kopf Syngas & Co KG GmbH
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Application filed by Kopf Syngas & Co KG GmbH, Kopf Syngas & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Kopf Syngas & Co KG GmbH
Priority to EP14187930.4A priority Critical patent/EP3006887B1/fr
Publication of EP3006887A1 publication Critical patent/EP3006887A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3006887B1 publication Critical patent/EP3006887B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F28F2009/222Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
    • F28F2009/226Transversal partitions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tube bundle heat exchanger with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the publication DE 33 44 500 A1 discloses a shell and tube heat exchanger composed of segments having a rectangular frame and a tube bundle.
  • the segments are clamped together with tie rods, wherein between the segments plate-shaped seals are arranged, which must seal both the frame and against the tubes abutting the seals of the tube bundle.
  • the tubes of the tube bundles are flowed meander-shaped, for which the flow at the ends of the tube bundle heat exchanger is deflected into lids.
  • the tubes are flowed around in a cross-flow and meandering manner.
  • the frames of the clamped segments form a shell of the tube bundle heat exchanger, in which a tube bundle consisting of the tube bundles of the segments is arranged. A length and thus a performance of the known shell and tube heat exchanger is determined by the number of segments clamped together.
  • a problem with shell and tube heat exchangers is corrosion when a gas flowing through the shell and tube heat exchanger contains a corrosive medium which condenses in the shell and tube heat exchanger.
  • the gas containing the corrosive medium When the gas containing the corrosive medium is passed through the tube bundle, at least the tube bundle must be made of a corrosion-resistant and therefore expensive material. If the moist gas containing the corrosive medium flows around the tube bundle in the housing, the housing and the tube bundle must be made of a corrosion-resistant material. If corrosion occurs despite the use of corrosion-resistant material, at least the tube bundle or even the shell-and-tube heat exchanger must be replaced altogether with corresponding costs.
  • the corrosive medium may be, for example, an acid-forming gas.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a tube bundle heat exchanger, which allows a cost-effective partial exchange of the tube bundle.
  • the tube bundle heat exchanger according to the invention has a tube bundle with a separation point at which the tube bundle is separable into a short and a long tube bundle.
  • the short tube bundle forms a sacrificial part, which is exchanged in case of corrosion.
  • the tube bundle heat exchanger is designed and operated so that a moist gas flowing through the tube bundle or flows around the tube bundle in the housing condenses exclusively in the region of the short tube bundle, i. the long tube bundle including the separation point is located entirely in a region in which the acid-forming gas constituents do not condense.
  • the shell-and-tube heat exchanger flows through an acid-forming gas or a gas mixture containing an acid-forming gas
  • the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is designed on the surface of the tubes in such a way that the acid-forming gas falls below the condensation temperature exclusively in the region of the short tube bundle.
  • the short tube bundle is formed so long that a condensation point of the acid-forming gas in the Area of the short tube bundle is located. The long tube bundle is thereby exposed to no or at most low corrosion, the short tube bundle can be exchanged as a sacrificial part.
  • the condensation point is dependent on the temperature and pressure other than the gas, ie on the operating conditions of the shell and tube heat exchanger.
  • the length of the short tube bundle must be designed for intended operating conditions. In special operating conditions, such as a startup or shutdown or unusual gas temperatures, - press and / or quantities, the location of the condensation point may differ. Such special operating conditions should be kept as short as possible in terms of time.
  • the invention enables a tube bundle heat exchanger in which only a short tube bundle corrosion by condensation of a moist and a corrosive medium containing gas is exposed.
  • the short tube bundle can be made of a corrosion resistant material and it can be exchanged in case of corrosion.
  • the long tube bundle may consist of another, for example, cheaper and / or temperature-resistant material.
  • An aspect ratio between the short and the long tube bundle depends inter alia on the inflow and outflow temperatures of the tube bundle heat exchanger flowing fluids or the inflow temperatures, fluid quantities and the dew point of the moist gas containing the corrosive medium and flows through the tube bundle heat exchanger as fluid. It is desirable to have a tube bundle that is as short as possible and as long as possible, with the short tube bundle being so long that the dew point of the moist gas containing the corrosive medium or of the condensation point of the acid-forming gas reliably lies in the region of the short tube bundle and the long tube bundle is including the separation point outside the condensation region of the gas containing the acid-forming gas or the acid-forming gas, in order to avoid corrosion of the long tube bundle.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides an aspect ratio of about 1: 5 of the short to long tube bundle, wherein also length ratios from about 1: 2 or 1: 3 are possible.
  • an embodiment of the invention provides to provide each tube bundle with a flange, with which the tubes of the respective tube bundle are fluid-tightly connected.
  • the two flanges are in turn fluid-tightly connected to each other, for example screwed, welded, riveted or connected by crimping, with a fluid tightness along a closed line, which encloses all tubes of the tube bundle, so for example, a fluid-tight connection of the two flanges on its circumference, is sufficient.
  • the fluid-tight connected flanges form a double flange and at the same time the separation point at which the tube bundles are separable.
  • a connection of the two flanges is for example also possible by welding the two flanges along their circumference, for the separation of a weld must be opened or removed.
  • a seal between different tubes of the tube bundle is not necessary when the tubes of the tube bundle are flowed through in the same direction, which simplifies the sealing of the tube bundles at the separation point.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides a tube as a housing in which the tube bundle is arranged.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that a moist gas, an acid-forming gas or a gas mixture containing an acid-forming gas, as heat-emitting fluid in the longitudinal direction of the tube bundle in a direction through the housing or the tube bundle of the tube bundle heat transfer and thereby emits heat and cools, so that moisture of the gas or the acid-forming gas condenses.
  • the short tube bundle is located at a colder end, ie where the moisture from the gas or the acid-forming gas condenses.
  • the short tube bundle is so long that it reaches into a range in which the moist gas or the acid-forming gas is so warm that its relative humidity is below 100% and does not condense or the short tube bundle is so long that it reaches into a range in which the acid-forming gas does not condense.
  • a dew point of the moist gas or a condensation point of the acid-forming gas is located So in the area of the short tube bundle, the long tube bundle including the separation point is a range in which the gas does not fall below its dew or condensation point and condenses moisture or no acid-forming gas, so that the long tube bundle including the separation point no or at most low corrosion is exposed.
  • the long tube bundle including the separation point is less prone to corrosion than the short tube bundle, because in the region of the long tube bundle including the separation point no condensation takes place.
  • the shell and tube heat exchanger is operated in countercurrent, i.
  • a fluid flows in the opposite direction as in the tube bundle.
  • a colder i. Heat-absorbing medium enters the tube bundle or housing on the side of the short tube bundle
  • a warmer i. heat-emitting medium enters the housing or the tube bundle of the tube bundle heat exchanger at the other end.
  • the heat-absorbing and the heat-emitting fluid in the region of the short tube bundle are colder, so that there is below the dew or condensation point and the long tube bundle including the separation point in a region in which no moisture or acid-forming gas condensed.
  • the tube bundle heat exchanger has deflecting plates, which are arranged in the housing and penetrated by the tubes of the tube bundle.
  • the baffles have passages for the fluid flowing through the housing, for example in the form of a gap between an edge of a baffle and the housing at a peripheral location. But it is also possible, for example, one or more openings within the baffle. Passages adjacent baffles are located at different locations, preferably alternately at opposite circumferential locations. In this way, the fluid is passed through the housing between the baffles in a transverse flow to the tube bundle and thus transversely between the tubes of the tube bundle. additionally For cross-flow, the fluid between the baffles can also flow in the longitudinal direction of the tube bundle.
  • baffles Due to the cross flow between the baffles, a contact path of the fluid flowing through the housing is lengthened with the tube bundle and heat transfer is improved.
  • sheets the baffles do not have to be made of metal but are generally to be understood as deflection means, which cause a transverse flow between the tubes in addition to the longitudinal flow along the tubes.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides a compensator, i. H. Device for compensating for different thermal expansion of the housing and the tube bundle before.
  • the compensator may be one or more corrugations of a tube forming the housing or a sleeve forming part of the housing.
  • the compensator can thus be designed, for example, in the manner of a corrugated tube.
  • the compensator is outside the range in which condenses the moist, heat-emitting and a corrosive medium or the acid-forming gas, or has a surface temperature which is above the condensation temperature of the acid-forming gas, so that the compensator no or at most lower Is exposed to corrosion.
  • the housing of the tube bundle heat exchanger according to the invention can also have a separation point outside the condensation region of the moist, heat-emitting and corrosive medium-containing or acid-forming gas, so that only a short part of the housing is exposed to corrosion, which can be exchanged.
  • the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing.
  • the single figure which is distributed over two sheets, shows an axial section of a tube bundle heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • the tube bundle heat exchanger 1 has a tube as a housing 2, in which a tube bundle 3 is arranged, the tubes 4 extend axially parallel to the housing 2.
  • the tube bundle 3 has a double flange 5, which forms a separation point 6, at which the tube bundle 3 in a short tube bundle 7 and a long tube bundle 8 is separable.
  • the long tube bundle 8 is five times as long as the short tube bundle 7, the aspect ratio of the tube bundles 7, 8 may vary in embodiments of the invention.
  • Ends of the tubes 4 of the tube bundles 7, 8 are fluid-tight, each welded to a flange 9, 10, wherein the two flanges 9, 10 are welded at its periphery to the double flange 5.
  • the tubes 4 of the short and long tube bundle 7, 8, are not welded together, but connected to each other via the flanges 9, 10.
  • the tube bundle 3 in the short and the long tube bundle 7, 8 is separable.
  • Other connections of the two flanges 9, 10 as welding, for example screwing, are possible.
  • the tubes 4 of the tube bundle 7, 8 fluid-tight with end flanges 11, 12 are welded.
  • the end flange 11 of the short tube bundle 7 has a conical neck as a fluid inlet 13 into which the tubes 4 open.
  • the tubes 4 open into one end of the housing 2, which has a short tube piece with a flange as the fluid outlet 14 of the tube bundle 3.
  • the end flanges 11, 12 fill a cross-section of the housing 2, so that no fluid between the end flanges 11, 12 and the housing 2 passes.
  • the baffles 15 have the shape of circle segments, which occupy significantly more than a semicircle, so that a likewise circular segment-shaped passage 16, which occupies the rest of the cross-sectional area of the housing 2, free remains.
  • the passages 16 of adjacent baffles 15 are each opposite, so that a fluid flow is directed through the housing 2 serpentine and between two baffles 15 always flows between the tubes 4 of the tube bundle 3.
  • the double flange 5 also forms such a baffle.
  • the housing 2 has at both ends within the end flanges 11, 12 of the tube bundle 3 connections as a fluid inlet 17 and fluid outlet 18, wherein the fluid inlets 13, 17 in the tube bundle 3 and in the housing 2 as well as the fluid outlets 14, 18 from the tube bundle 3 and from the housing 2 are each located at opposite ends of the tube bundle heat transfer 1.
  • the fluid inlet of the heat-absorbing, colder medium, in the exemplary embodiment the fluid inlet 13 into the tube bundle 3, and the fluid outlet of the heat-emitting, warmer medium, in the embodiment of the fluid outlet 18 from the housing 2, i. in each case the colder sides of the tube bundle heat exchanger 1 flowing through the media, are provided on the side of the short tube bundle 7.
  • the tube bundle heat exchanger 1 is thus operated in countercurrent or by the baffles 15, which force a serpentine flow through the housing 2, in a cross counterflow.
  • the housing 2 has a sleeve 19 with two circumferential corrugations 20 comparable to a corrugated tube as a compensator 21, ie as a means for compensating for different thermal expansion of the housing 2 and the tube bundle 3.
  • the housing 2 is in three parts, it has a short tube 22 and a long tube 23 which are connected by screwed flanges 24 with the compensator 21.
  • the short tube 22 essentially comprises the short tube bundle 7 and the long tube 23 substantially the long tube bundle 8.
  • the tube bundle heat exchanger 1 is used for preheating and for the recovery of heat from air, which is loaded, for example, with hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and / or hydrogen iodide.
  • the tube bundle heat exchanger 1 is used for preheating and heat recovery of a moist gas containing a corrosive medium, wherein the corrosive medium, for example one of the aforementioned gases, that is an acid-forming gas.
  • the acid-forming gas has a corrosive effect only after condensation by acid formation, ie when the acid-forming gas is below its condensation point.
  • two different fluids can also be passed through the tube bundle 3 and through the housing 2, of which at least one is a moist gas containing a corrosive medium, in particular an acid-forming gas.
  • a moist gas containing a corrosive medium in particular an acid-forming gas.
  • polluted air comes from insulating foam of refrigerators and arises in their disposal and oxidation / combustion.
  • Another charged fluid is, for example, refrigerant.
  • the moist and a corrosive medium-containing gas or a gas mixture containing an acid-forming gas is preferably passed through the housing 2 so that any corrosion efflorescence outside of the tubes 4 of the tube bundle 3 arise and the tubes 4 not enforce.
  • the moist gas containing a corrosive medium or the gas containing the acid-forming gas is heated as a heat-emitting medium at a temperature of about 370 ° C, for example about 500 ° C through the fluid inlet 17 at the end of the long tube bundle 8 in the Housing 2 passed, the housing 2 flows through serpentine in the longitudinal direction, wherein it flows between each deflector 15 between the tubes 4 of the tube bundle 3 and exits through the fluid outlet 18 at the other end of the housing 2 with a temperature of, for example, 70 ° Celsius.
  • the tube bundle heat exchanger 1 is designed so that the short tube bundle 7 is so long that the wet gas its dew point or in the case of an acid-forming gas this condensation point only after passing through the double flange 5, ie in the region of the short tube bundle 7. Corrosion therefore occurs exclusively or at least essentially only in the region of the short tube bundle 7 on.
  • the acid-forming gas does not condense and the relative humidity is below 100% and remains dissolved in the gas, which can also be understood as a transport fluid, so that Here, no or at best little corrosion is to get.
  • An aspect ratio of the short tube bundle 7 to the long tube bundle 8 is in the embodiment 1: 5 and is dependent on the or the tube bundle heat exchanger 1 flowing fluids and their temperatures at the fluid inlets 13, 17 and fluid outlets 14, 18 or by the tube bundle heat exchanger 1 flowing fluid quantities and their temperatures at the fluid inlets 13, 17.
  • the shell and tube heat exchanger 1 is longer than drawn on sheet 2/2 missing a part of the long tube bundle 8 and the long tube 23 of the housing so that the drawing fits on the sheet.
  • the short tube bundle 7 consists of a corrosion-resistant steel or at least of more corrosion-resistant steel than the long tube bundle 8 and can also be replaced by separating at the separation point 6 after opening the housing 2 on one of the flanges 24 relatively easy as a sacrificial part.
  • the short tube bundle 7 may consist of a corrosive material or of a material of comparable corrosion resistance as the long tube bundle 8 and be replaced as often.
  • the long tube bundle 8 consists of a less corrosion-resistant and cheaper and / temperature-resistant steel. Corrosion resistance refers to the or the corrosive media in the humid or the gases flowing through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 1.
  • the short and long tubes 22, 23 of the housing 2 may be made of the same steels as the short and long tube bundles 7, 8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP14187930.4A 2014-10-07 2014-10-07 Dispositif de transmission de la chaleur à faisceau tubulaire Active EP3006887B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14187930.4A EP3006887B1 (fr) 2014-10-07 2014-10-07 Dispositif de transmission de la chaleur à faisceau tubulaire

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14187930.4A EP3006887B1 (fr) 2014-10-07 2014-10-07 Dispositif de transmission de la chaleur à faisceau tubulaire

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EP3006887A1 true EP3006887A1 (fr) 2016-04-13
EP3006887B1 EP3006887B1 (fr) 2019-07-10

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113617041A (zh) * 2021-07-21 2021-11-09 简庄春 一种酒精加工用再沸器

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2256778A1 (en) * 1974-01-03 1975-08-01 Sun Ventures Inc Elimination of tubular hot-spots in heat exchange reactors - by dividing outer casing into individually temp.-controlled compartments
DE3344500A1 (de) 1983-12-09 1985-06-20 Weckenmann, Jürgen, 6800 Mannheim Rohrbuendelwaermeuebertrager in segmentbauweise
DE20318321U1 (de) * 2003-11-06 2004-03-04 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Abgaswärmetauscher
WO2008147062A1 (fr) * 2007-05-29 2008-12-04 Dong Soong Seo Ensemble de refroidissement d'huile à commande hydraulique
WO2012010620A1 (fr) * 2010-07-20 2012-01-26 Université de Savoie Module de circulation de fluide
WO2013125960A1 (fr) * 2012-02-20 2013-08-29 Aker Subsea As Échangeur de chaleur sous-marin, outil de nettoyage et procédé correspondant

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2256778A1 (en) * 1974-01-03 1975-08-01 Sun Ventures Inc Elimination of tubular hot-spots in heat exchange reactors - by dividing outer casing into individually temp.-controlled compartments
DE3344500A1 (de) 1983-12-09 1985-06-20 Weckenmann, Jürgen, 6800 Mannheim Rohrbuendelwaermeuebertrager in segmentbauweise
DE20318321U1 (de) * 2003-11-06 2004-03-04 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Abgaswärmetauscher
WO2008147062A1 (fr) * 2007-05-29 2008-12-04 Dong Soong Seo Ensemble de refroidissement d'huile à commande hydraulique
WO2012010620A1 (fr) * 2010-07-20 2012-01-26 Université de Savoie Module de circulation de fluide
WO2013125960A1 (fr) * 2012-02-20 2013-08-29 Aker Subsea As Échangeur de chaleur sous-marin, outil de nettoyage et procédé correspondant

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113617041A (zh) * 2021-07-21 2021-11-09 简庄春 一种酒精加工用再沸器
CN113617041B (zh) * 2021-07-21 2022-11-29 邳州市鑫盛创业投资有限公司 一种酒精加工用再沸器

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