EP2998261A1 - Lift system with compensation of the weight of the power cables - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator installation with at least one car (102) which can be moved in an elevator shaft, wherein a suspension cable (104) is provided, which has a first car-side end and a second shaft-side end, wherein the weight of the suspension cable (104) at least partially into one Carrying means (202) or compensating means (704) acting on the car (102) is introduced

Description

The present invention relates to an elevator installation according to the preamble of claim 1.

State of the art

In conventional elevator installations with a car which can be moved in an elevator shaft, the car is moved by a suspension means, e.g. at least one carrying rope or at least one carrying strap, which is guided over a traction sheave and deflection rollers and connected to a counterweight guided. Car and counterweight are moved along respective guides in a hoistway. The car is typically formed with guide rollers which cooperate with the car guide (guide rails). In addition, a hanging cable is connected to the car. By means of this suspension cable the car is e.g. supplied with electrical energy. In addition, data can be exchanged between the car and an external computer or control unit via the suspension cable.

The hanging cable is typically fastened on one side or the floor of the car on the one hand and on or in the elevator shaft on the other hand. In particular, when fastening the suspension cable to a side wall of the car (which is preferred for certain embodiments of an elevator system), it comes due to the weight of the suspension cable to uneven loads on the car, especially the guide rollers.

To ensure good handling and a high level of ride comfort, the car must be as precisely balanced as possible. Therefore, for compensation this over the length of the shaft variable load due to the suspension cable balancing mass be provided on the car. As a result, for example, a torque or torque, which exerts the suspension cable due to its weight on the guide rollers of the car, can be compensated, whereby the load on the guide rollers can be reduced.

However, such compensation by means of balancing mass is optimal only in a specific position of the car in the elevator shaft, usually in the middle of the elevator shaft. In the remaining positions, there is still a more or less developed uneven distribution of forces on the guide rollers. Particularly in the uppermost and lowermost positions of the car in the elevator shaft, this leads to the largest loads on the guide rollers.

It is therefore desirable to provide a way to effectively and easily minimize stresses that a suspension cable of a car exerts on the car or its guide rollers.

Disclosure of the invention

It is an elevator system proposed with the features of independent claim 1.

The elevator installation according to the invention has at least one car which can be moved in an elevator shaft, wherein a suspension cable is connected to the car, which has a first car-side end and second shaft-side end. According to the invention, the weight of the suspension cable is introduced at least partially above the car into a supporting means engaging the car or into a compensating means acting on the car.

The elevator installation according to the invention particularly preferably has two or more, for example three or four, elevator cars which can be moved in a common elevator shaft. With the construction according to the invention, for example, suspension cables of an upper car can be easily guided past a lower car.

In a particularly advantageous manner, the weight of the suspension cable is introduced into a suspension, in particular suspension ropes or strap of the car. Such a support means attacks in particular centrally on a car or its catch frame, so that by introducing the weight of the suspension cable in this suspension means a reduced torque load of the car can be ensured by the suspension cable.

Conveniently, a support structure is provided, which is connected above the car with the support means and which carries the hanging cable, which thus initiates the weight of the suspension cable in the support means.

It is particularly preferred to form such a support structure with a leveling compound. As a result, kinks or displacements of the suspension element relative to the vertical extension direction occurring due to the loading of the suspension element by the suspension cable can be minimized.

The effect of the reduced moment load is thereby further improved.

It is preferred that the support structure is connected to the support means at at least one location and carries the hanging cable at at least one further location. There are different linkage or Tragmehrecke conceivable as a support structure in this context.

It is preferred to form this support structure as a support triangle, which is connected to at least one corner, in particular two corners, with the support means, and at at least one other corner carries or receives the hanging cable weight. Such support triangles can be dimensioned according to the specific loads in a simple manner. By "connected" is meant in particular a fixed attachment or a sliding guide on the support means.

According to a preferred embodiment, the support structure can be rotatably mounted on the car, in particular on a catch frame of the car. By means of such a rotatable mounting of the mounting or assembly of the support structure is easy to implement and stable and safe ..

It is preferred that the hanging cable is attached to a suspension which is designed to be movable in a vertically movable carriage on one side of the car, wherein the suspension via a connecting mechanism, in particular a connecting element, is connected to the supporting structure. The connecting element may in particular be designed as a connecting cable or connecting rod. With this measure, it can be ensured that the suspension cable is laterally connected to the car, but at the same time, due to the movability of the suspension due to the movable carriage, is vertically decoupled from the car vertically. This measure also represents a horizontal guide for the hanging cable.

It is alternatively possible to provide the suspension cable suspension on a rotatably mounted on the car lever, said lever is connected via a connecting element, in particular a rod or a rope, with the support structure. Even with this construction, a vertical decoupling of the suspension cable from the car can be realized.

The invention can be used in particular in the case of suspension elements, which are guided by the car via at least one deflection roller to a counterweight. It can also be used with suspension elements, which are deflected from a counterweight (first end of the suspension element) to the car, and from this back to the counterweight (wide end of the suspension element), wherein the suspension element is deflected on deflecting rollers provided on the car. In this embodiment, the support means extends to form a loop, wherein the hanging cable can be connected via a corresponding suspension with the loop, so that its weight can be introduced into this loop or the support means.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the weight of the suspension cable is introduced into a compensating means, for example designed as a sub-cable, of the car. Lower ropes are used in a known manner to compensate for the weight forces acting on the traction sheave of the elevator by the actual suspension element. They usually run between the bottom of the car and the bottom of the counterweight, and are deflected via at least one provided in the pit pit role. Advantageously, one of these rollers is formed in the context of a lower cable tensioning device.

Conveniently, in this embodiment, the hanging cable may be attached to a suspension which is designed to be movable in a vertically movable carriage on one side of the car, wherein the suspension advantageously via a connecting mechanism, in particular a connecting element, e.g. a connecting rod or a connecting cable, is connected to the sub-cable or possibly provided on this support structure.

The invention can be used particularly advantageously in an elevator installation in which the car can be moved along a guide device (eg guide rail) formed in the elevator shaft, the car having a number of guide rollers which interact with the guide device.

By inventively provided torque reduction due to the introduction of the weight of the suspension cable in a support means or a compensating means, in particular the load on the guide rollers is reduced, whereby at the same time a particularly comfortable and quiet car guide along the guide device is ensured.

The same advantages in connection with a torque reduction also result in the case of a non-contact guidance of the car, for example a magnetic guide.

Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The invention is illustrated schematically with reference to an embodiment in the drawing and will be described in detail below with reference to the drawing.

figure description It shows or show

• FIGS. 1a to 1b A first preferred embodiment of an elevator installation according to the invention, wherein a car is shown in two different positions within an elevator shaft,
• FIG. 2 a further preferred embodiment of an elevator installation according to the invention,
• FIG. 3 a further preferred embodiment of an elevator installation according to the invention,
• FIG. 4 a further preferred embodiment of an elevator installation according to the invention,
• FIG. 5 a further preferred embodiment of an elevator system according to the invention.

The invention will be described below with reference to the figures in a coherent and overarching, wherein the same or similar elements are provided in part with the same reference numerals.

In the FIGS. 1a and 1b a first embodiment of an elevator system 100 according to the invention with a support structure 204 for a hanging cable 104 is shown schematically. A car 102 is in this case in a lift shaft 120 shown schematically movable. The car has a plurality of support cables comprehensive support means 202. The car 102 is formed with guide rollers 220, which along a (not shown) guide means, for example corresponding guide rails, are movable. The support structure 204 is formed in this embodiment as a support triangle, which connects the support means 202 with the hanging cable 104. The support triangle 204 is connected to the support means 202 at two corners 204a and 204b. The hanging cable 104 is connected to another corner 204c of the support triangle via a suspension 208 with this. As a result, the support triangle 204 initiates the weight of the suspension cable 104 in the suspension element 202. Since the suspension element 202 acts centrally on the car 102 or its catching frame (not shown) of the car, and the weight of the suspension cable 104 is introduced above the car in the support means 202, is significantly reduced by the hanging cable 104 and its weight force exerted on the car moment. A balancing weight acting on the car or an asymmetric lower rope tensioning construction, as known from the prior art, may be dispensed with. In particular, this minimizes the load on the guide rollers 220.

In the FIG. 1a For example, the car 102 is at a lower position in the elevator shaft 120. As a result, the weight of the suspension cable 104 acts almost exclusively on its shaft-side suspension 108. The load on the suspension triangle 204 is minimal in this position. Since no counterweight is also formed on the car, no moments act on the car 102 or the guide rollers 220.

In the FIG. 1b the car 102 is at a central or upper position in the elevator shaft 120. As a result, the weight of the suspension cable 104 acts to a great extent on the suspension 208, which is attached to the corner 204c of the support triangle 204. The weight is introduced via the support triangle 204 in the support means 202, so that even in this position caused by the hanging cable moments on the car 102 and the guide rollers 220 are significantly reduced.

Due to the one-sided suspension of the suspension cable with respect to the suspension element 202 by means of the support triangle 204, there is a slight inclination of the support triangle 204 and a corresponding offset or bent course of the suspension element (in FIG FIG. 1b for reasons of clarity exaggerated curvy).

In FIG. 2 a further preferred embodiment of an elevator system according to the invention is shown schematically.

The car 102 is suspended on the suspension means 202 (for example, suspension cables). The suspension element 202 is guided via a traction sheave 304 (and possibly at least one deflection roller 304a) and is connected to a counterweight 302.

The car-side end of the hanging cable 104 is attached to a hanging cable suspension 303, which is laterally formed on the car 102.

The suspension cable suspension 303 is connected to a car 310 on the car 102 in a guide (not shown) vertically movable carriage. Due to the vertical movability of the carriage 310, the suspension cable suspension 303 is decoupled from the cage 102 with respect to vertical forces. The vertically movable carriage 310 serves for the horizontal guidance of the hanging cable 104.

The suspension cable suspension 303 is connected by means of a connection mechanism, in particular a connecting rod or a connecting cable 312, with the corner 204 c of the support triangle 204. In the following, to simplify the presentation, only one connecting rod is mentioned. Overall, therefore, the weight of the suspension cable 104 is introduced via the suspension 303, the connecting rod 312 and the support triangle 204 in the support means 202. A direct connection of the suspension cable suspension together with the carriage to the support triangle 204 is also possible.

• Auf der Oberseite des Fahrkorbs 102 ist eine Halterung 305 vorgesehen, welche an ihrem oberen Ende ein Drehgelenk 305a aufweist, an welchem das Tragdreieck 204 befestigt ist. Die Halterung kann auch als Teil des Fangrahmens ausgebildet sein. Das Tragdreieck 304 ist somit um eine (horizontal verlaufende Achse) bezüglich des Fahrkorbs 102 verschwenkbar. Es sei angemerkt, dass die Halterung 305 aus Gründen der Anschaulichkeit eine gewisse vertikale Erstreckung aufweist. Es ist ebenfalls möglich, diese Halterung sehr kurz auszubilden, oder das Drehgelenk 305a auch direkt an der Oberseite des Fahrkorbs bzw. dessen Fangrahmen vorzusehen.

In FIG. 2 a balancing mass 308 is connected to the support triangle 204. This balancing mass serves to minimize the bent course of the suspension element 202 due to the weight force of the suspension cable 104 introduced via the support triangle 204. In the present exemplary embodiment, the balancing mass 308 is attached to a pole construction 306. By means of the leveling compound, the kinking effect in the suspension element 202 can be reduced and the positive effect of the force reduction on the roller guide can be improved. In FIG. 3 an elevator system according to the invention with a further embodiment of a suspension cable suspension is shown schematically. In contrast to the embodiment of the FIGS. 1 and 2 Here, the support triangle 204 is rotatably mounted on the car or on its catch frame, as will be explained in the following:

• On top of the car 102, a bracket 305 is provided, which has at its upper end a hinge 305a, on which the support triangle 204 is attached. The holder may also be formed as part of the catch frame. The support triangle 304 is thus pivotable about a (horizontal axis) with respect to the car 102. It should be noted that the holder 305 has a certain vertical extension for reasons of clarity. It is also possible to make this bracket very short, or to provide the hinge 305a directly on the top of the car or its catch frame.

On the underside 102b of the car 102, a lever 404 is rotatably mounted on a suspension 402 in a central region 102s. The hanging cable 104 is suspended by means of a suspension cable suspension 406 on the lever 404.

At the outer end 405 of the lever 404 engages a connecting rod 312, which connects lever 404 with support triangle 204 attached. Due to the rotatable mounting of the lever 404 and the introduction of the weight of the support means via the connecting rod 312 in the support triangle a reduction of the moment due to the hanging cable weight force is ensured on the car in this embodiment.

According to this embodiment, depending on the positioning of the suspension 402, part of the weight of the suspension cable 104 is introduced into the car 102. By attaching the rotatably mounted lever 404 in the central area 102s this part of the weight of the suspension cable 104 is already introduced centrally into the car 102. Thus, here too a reduced moment arises on the car 102 due to the weight of the hanging cable 104.

In FIG. 4 a further preferred embodiment of an elevator system according to the invention is shown schematically.

The elevator system has a car 102, which is connected via a suspension element 202 with a counterweight 302. Here, both ends of the support means 202 are attached to the counterweight. This means that the support means via corresponding pulleys 502, 504, 506 and 508 and a traction sheave 304 from the counterweight to the car 102 and from this back to the counterweight 302 is performed. The car is in this case suspended on a loop formed by the support means 202. The pulleys 508 are hereby formed on the car. The remaining deflection rollers 502, 504, 506 and the traction sheave 304 are suspended or stored, for example, in the shaft and / or in a machine room.

The hanging cable 104 is according to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 , connected by means of a suspension 303 with a vertically movable carriage 310. Again, a connecting rod 312 is provided again. This connecting rod 312 connects the suspension 303 with a fastening element 512 formed on the suspension element. By this construction, analogous to the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 2 on the one hand the suspension cable suspension 303 vertically decoupled from the car. On the other hand, the weight of the suspension cable is introduced via the connecting rod 312 and the fastener 512 in the support means. Due to the suspension of the car 102 on the two pulleys 508 of the car is substantially decoupled from the weight of the suspension cable. Also, according to this embodiment, therefore, no forces acting on the car 102 arise due to the weight of the suspension cable moments.

The leadership of the suspension means according to FIG. 4 is also with the suspension of the hanging cable according to FIG. 3 combined. Here, for example, the fastener 512, as it is in FIG. 4 is shown, via a rope or a rod with a below the car 102 rotatably mounted lever, as in FIG. 3 shown, connectable.

In FIG. 5 a further preferred embodiment of an elevator system according to the invention is shown schematically.

According to this embodiment, a car 102 is connected to a counterweight 302 by means of a suspension element, which is guided via a traction sheave 304 and at least one deflection roller 502.

In addition, this elevator installation has a lower cable 704, which is fastened at its two ends to the underside of the counterweight 302. The lower cable 704 is returned via deflecting rollers 706 (shown schematically) in the shaft bottom and on the upper side of the car 102 provided deflection rollers 702 from the counterweight 302 via the car 102 and back to the counterweight. The deflection rollers 706 may also be formed with a (not shown) Unterseilspannvorrichtung.

Again, a hanger cable 104 is provided having a shaft-side end 108 and a car-side end attached to a suspension cable hanger 303. The suspension cable suspension 303 is, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 Mounted on a carriage 310 that can be moved vertically on the car wall.

The hanging cable suspension 303 is according to this embodiment, a connecting rod 312 with a mounted on the sub-cable Fastener 406 connected. Thus, the weight of the suspension cable 104 is introduced into the sub-cable 704.

At the same time, in this embodiment as well, due to the vertical traversability of the suspension cable suspension 303 by means of the carriage 310, a vertical force decoupling of the suspension cable suspension 303 from the car occurs.

The embodiment for decoupling the suspension of the hanging cable relative to the car according to FIG. 3 Thus, with a rotatably provided on the underside of the car lever on which the hanging cable 104 is attached, can with the sub-rope construction according to FIG. 5 be combined. For this purpose, only the outer end of such a rotatably mounted lever via a corresponding connecting rod to the lower cable (for example, using a corresponding fastener) to connect.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

elevator system

102

car

102b

Bottom of the car

102s

central area of the car underside

104

Traveling cable

108

Shaft-side suspension of the hanging cable

120

shaft

202

Suspension (suspension cables)

204

Supporting structure (supporting triangle)

204a

Corner of the supporting triangle

204b

Corner of the supporting triangle

204c

Corner of the supporting triangle

208

Suspension of hanging cable

220

guide rollers

302

counterweight

303

Traveling cable suspension

304

traction sheave

304a

idler pulley

305

bracket

305a

swivel

306

A bar construction

308

Leveling compound

310

carriage

312

Connecting mechanism, connecting element (connecting rod, connecting cable)

402

Suspension (rotatable)

404

lever

405

End of the lever

406

Traveling cable suspension

502

guide rollers

504

guide rollers

506

guide rollers

508

Suspension of the car (pulleys)

512

fastener

702

Suspension / guidance of the sub-cable on the car (pulleys)

704

Compensating agent (lower rope)

706

guide rollers

Claims (14)

Elevator installation with at least one car (102) movable in an elevator shaft, wherein a suspension cable (104) is provided which has a first car-side end and a second shaft-side end, characterized in that the weight of the suspension cable (104) is at least partially above the car (102) is introduced into a carrying means (202) acting on the car (102) or into a compensating means (704) acting on the car (102). Lift installation according to claim 1, which has at least two, three or four movable in a hoistway elevator cars. Elevator installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the weight of the suspension cable in a suspension means, in particular supporting cables (202) of the car (102), is initiated. Elevator installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a supporting structure (204) which is connected above the car (102) to the suspension means (202) and which carries the hanging cable (104). Elevator installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the supporting structure (204) has a balancing mass (308). Elevator installation according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the supporting structure (204) is connected to the suspension element at at least one point (204a, 204b) and carries the hanging cable (104) at at least one further point (204c). Elevator installation according to one of the preceding claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the supporting structure 204 is rotatably mounted on the car. Lift installation according to one of the preceding claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the hanging cable (104) is fixed to a suspension (303) which is movably formed with a vertically movable carriage (310) on one side of the car (102) the suspension (303) is connected to the support structure (204) via a connection mechanism (312). Lift installation according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that a rotatably mounted on the car lever (404) is provided on which the hanging cable (104) is mounted, wherein the lever (404) by means of a connecting element (312), in particular a Rod or a rope, with the support structure (204) is connected. Lift installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the weight of the hanging cable at least partially in serving as a compensating means lower cable (704) is introduced the car (102). Elevator installation according to claim 10, characterized in that the hanging cable (104) is attached to a suspension (303) which is movable in a vertically movable carriage (310) on one side of the car (102), wherein the suspension (303) is connected to the lower cable (704) via a connecting mechanism, in particular a connecting element (312), such as a connecting cable or connecting rod, or wherein the suspension (303) is connected to a supporting structure provided on the lower cable. Elevator installation according to claim 10, characterized in that a rotatably mounted on the car lever is provided, on which the hanging cable is mounted, wherein the lever via a connecting element, in particular a rod or a rope, is connected to the lower cable. Elevator installation according to one of the preceding claims, in which the car (102) can be moved along a guide device formed in the elevator shaft, wherein the car (102) has a number of guide rollers (220) which interact with the guide device. Elevator installation according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, in which the car can be moved in the elevator shaft using a non-contact guide, in particular a magnetic guide.

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